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Boguszewicz Ł, Heyda A, Ciszek M, Bieleń A, Skorupa A, Mrochem-Kwarciak J, Składowski K, Sokół M. Metabolite Biomarkers of Prolonged and Intensified Pain and Distress in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Radio- or Chemoradiotherapy by Means of NMR-Based Metabolomics-A Preliminary Study. Metabolites 2024; 14:60. [PMID: 38248863 PMCID: PMC10819132 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a detrimental impact on patient quality of life. The rate of recognized distress/depression among HNSCC patients ranges from 9.8% to 83.8%, and the estimated prevalence of depression among patients receiving radiotherapy is 63%. Shorter overall survival also occurs in preexisting depression or depressive conditions. The present study analyzes the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) blood serum metabolic profiles during radio-/chemoradiotherapy and correlates the detected alterations with pain and/or distress accumulated with the disease and its treatment. NMR spectra were acquired on a Bruker 400 MHz spectrometer and analyzed using multivariate methods. The results indicate that distress and/or pain primarily affect the serum lipids and metabolites of energy (glutamine, glucose, lactate, acetate) and one-carbon (glycine, choline, betaine, methanol, threonine, serine, histidine, formate) metabolism. Sparse disturbances in the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and in the metabolites involved in protein metabolism (lysine, tyrosine, phenylalanine) are also observed. Depending on the treatment modality-radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy-there are some differences in the altered metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Boguszewicz
- Department of Medical Physics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Alicja Heyda
- 1st Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Mateusz Ciszek
- Department of Medical Physics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Agata Bieleń
- 1st Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Agnieszka Skorupa
- Department of Medical Physics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Jolanta Mrochem-Kwarciak
- Analytics and Clinical Biochemistry Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Składowski
- 1st Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Maria Sokół
- Department of Medical Physics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
- 1st Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.H.); (A.B.)
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Tanaka W, Matsuyama H, Shimoi K, Yokoyama D, Sakakibara H. Social confrontation stress decreases hepatic fibroblast growth factor-21 expression in aged mice. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 34:101454. [PMID: 37020789 PMCID: PMC10068015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that social stress exposure in mature adult mice increased blood corticosterone concentrations at 2 days, disrupted hepatic lipid metabolism-related pathway at 30 days, and increased the risk of overweight with hepatic hypertrophy at 90 days. To further investigate the effects of aging on the physiological responses to social stress, we conducted a study using male BALB/c mice at the ages of 2 months (mature age), 14 months (middle age) and 26 months (old age), and exposed them to confrontation stress for 2 or 7 days. Blood corticosterone concentrations were increased at 2 days of stress, and then returned to baseline concentrations. This change was observed only at 2 months of age. We further examined the effect of aging on hepatic gene expression of fibroblast growth factor-21 (Fgf21) and found that its expression was significantly decreased after 7 days of stress at 14 months of age and after 2 days of stress at 26 months of age, indicating these decreasing effects became more pronounced with age. In conclusion, our study suggests that hepatic Fgf21 expression decrease under exposure to confrontation stress at middle or more age, indicating that stress response on Fgf21 related pathway might be more pronounced with age when exposed to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Tanaka
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Gakuen Kibana-dai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsuyama
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Gakuen Kibana-dai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Kayoko Shimoi
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Daigo Yokoyama
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Gakuen Kibana-dai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sakakibara
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Gakuen Kibana-dai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
- Corresponding author.
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Dimet-Wiley A, Wu Q, Wiley JT, Eswar A, Neelakantan H, Savidge T, Watowich S. Reduced calorie diet combined with NNMT inhibition establishes a distinct microbiome in DIO mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:484. [PMID: 35013352 PMCID: PMC8748953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03670-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment with a nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibitor (NNMTi; 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium) combined with low-fat diet (LD) promoted dramatic whole-body adiposity and weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, rapidly normalizing these measures to age-matched lean animals, while LD switch alone was unable to restore these measures to age-matched controls in the same time frame. Since mouse microbiome profiles often highly correlate with body weight and fat composition, this study was designed to test whether the cecal microbiomes of DIO mice treated with NNMTi and LD were comparable to the microbiomes of age-matched lean counterparts and distinct from microbiomes of DIO mice maintained on a high-fat Western diet (WD) or subjected to LD switch alone. There were minimal microbiome differences between lean and obese controls, suggesting that diet composition and adiposity had limited effects. However, DIO mice switched from an obesity-promoting WD to an LD (regardless of treatment status) displayed several genera and phyla differences compared to obese and lean controls. While alpha diversity measures did not significantly differ between groups, beta diversity principal coordinates analyses suggested that mice from the same treatment group were the most similar. K-means clustering analysis of amplicon sequence variants by animal demonstrated that NNMTi-treated DIO mice switched to LD had a distinct microbiome pattern that was highlighted by decreased Erysipelatoclostridium and increased Lactobacillus relative abundances compared to vehicle counterparts; these genera are tied to body weight and metabolic regulation. Additionally, Parasutterella relative abundance, which was increased in both the vehicle- and NNMTi-treated LD-switched groups relative to the controls, significantly correlated with several adipose tissue metabolites' abundances. Collectively, these results provide a novel foundation for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dimet-Wiley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Qinglong Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jerrin T Wiley
- Depatment of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aditya Eswar
- New York University Stern School of Business, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Tor Savidge
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stan Watowich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Abe K, Okada S, Ishijima T. The activities of the ILSI Japan endowed chair, at the University of Tokyo, regarding functional food genomics. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:35-39. [PMID: 33259622 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Abe
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishijima
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Sakakibara H, Shimoi K. Anti-stress effects of polyphenols: animal models and human trials. Food Funct 2020; 11:5702-5717. [PMID: 32633737 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01129k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols, a category of plant compounds that contain multiple phenol structural units, are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom and have multiple benefits for human health including anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. Additionally, polyphenols have recently gained attention for their anti-stress effects. In this review article, we summarize physiological responses against exposure to stressors and discuss biomarkers for exposure to stressors that are widely used in animal studies and human trials. We also review commonly used animal models for evaluating anti-stress effects. Finally, we discuss recent findings related to the anti-stress effects of polyphenols evaluated in animal models and human trials, and their putative mechanisms. These emerging data require further investigation in scientific studies and human trials to evaluate the anti-stress effects of polyphenols and their potential use for the prevention of stress-related health problems.
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Raman S, Asle-Rousta M, Rahnema M. Protective effect of fennel, and its major component trans-anethole against social isolation induced behavioral deficits in rats. Physiol Int 2020; 107:30-39. [PMID: 32491286 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2020.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Social isolation damages the nervous system by weakening the antioxidant system and leading to behavioral disorders. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is an herbal plant that has antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fennel methanol extract and its major component trans-anethole on spatial learning and memory, anxiety and depression in male rats exposed to social isolation stress.Rats were divided into six groups of Control (C), Fennel (F), trans-Anethole (A), Isolation, Isolation-F and Isolation-A. The rats were kept in the cage alone for 30 days to induce isolation. Fennel extract (150 mg/kg) and trans-anethole (80 mg/kg) were also gavaged during this period. At the end of the course, spatial learning and memory, anxiety and depression were measured by Morris water maze (MWM), elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST), respectively.Learning and memory were impaired in isolated rats. Swimming time and distance to reach the hidden platform in these animals increased compared with controls (P < 0.05). In the EPM test, the percentage of open arm entries and open arm time also decreased significantly in the Isolation group (P < 0.01). The immobilization time in FST also increased significantly in these animals compared with the Control group (P < 0.001). Fennel and trans-anethole were both able to eliminate these changes in isolated rats.It is concluded that fennel and its major component, trans-anethole are suitable candidates for the prevention and treatment of stress-induced neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Raman
- Department of Physiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - M Rahnema
- Department of Physiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
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Schipper L, van Heijningen S, Karapetsas G, van der Beek EM, van Dijk G. Individual housing of male C57BL/6J mice after weaning impairs growth and predisposes for obesity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0225488. [PMID: 32453751 PMCID: PMC7250426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For (metabolic) research models using mice, singly housing is widely used for practical purposes to study e.g. energy balance regulation and derangements herein. Mouse (social) housing practices could however influence study results by modulating (metabolic) health outcomes. To study the effects of the social housing condition, we assessed parameters for energy balance regulation and proneness to (diet induced) obesity in male C57Bl/6J mice that were housed individually or socially (in pairs) directly after weaning, both at standard ambient temperature of 21°C. During adolescence, individually housed mice had reduced growth rate, while energy intake and energy expenditure were increased compared to socially housed counterparts. At 6 weeks of age, these mice had reduced lean body mass, but significantly higher white adipose tissue mass compared to socially housed mice, and higher UCP-1 mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue. During adulthood, body weight gain of individually housed animals exceeded that of socially housed mice, with elevations in both energy intake and expenditure. At 18 weeks of age, individually housed mice showed higher adiposity and higher mRNA expression of UCP-1 in inguinal white but not in brown adipose tissue. Exposure to an obesogenic diet starting at 6 weeks of age further amplified body weight gain and adipose tissue deposition and caused strong suppression of inguinal white adipose tissue mRNA UCP-1 expression. This study shows that post-weaning individual housing of male mice impairs adolescent growth and results in higher susceptibility to obesity in adulthood with putative roles for thermoregulation and/or affectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidewij Schipper
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- GELIFES, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Steffen van Heijningen
- GELIFES, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Karapetsas
- GELIFES, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eline M. van der Beek
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan van Dijk
- GELIFES, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Giudetti AM, Testini M, Vergara D, Priore P, Damiano F, Gallelli CA, Romano A, Villani R, Cassano T, Siculella L, Gnoni GV, Moles A, Coccurello R, Gaetani S. Chronic psychosocial defeat differently affects lipid metabolism in liver and white adipose tissue and induces hepatic oxidative stress in mice fed a high‐fat diet. FASEB J 2018; 33:1428-1439. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801130r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Giudetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Mariangela Testini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Daniele Vergara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Paola Priore
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Fabrizio Damiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Cristina Anna Gallelli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology V. ErspamerSapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology V. ErspamerSapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Occupational SciencesUniversity of Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Luisa Siculella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Gabriele V. Gnoni
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Anna Moles
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN)National Research Council (CNR) Rome Italy
- Genomia srl Bresso Italy
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN)National Research Council (CNR) Rome Italy
- Fondazione Santa Lucia-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (FSL-IRCCS) Rome Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology V. ErspamerSapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
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Schipper L, Harvey L, van der Beek EM, van Dijk G. Home alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of individual housing on body weight, food intake and visceral fat mass in rodents. Obes Rev 2018; 19:614-637. [PMID: 29334694 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Rats and mice are widely used to study environmental effects on psychological and metabolic health. Study designs differ widely and are often characterized by varying (social) housing conditions. In itself, housing has a profound influence on physiology and behaviour of rodents, affecting energy balance and sustainable metabolic health. However, evidence for potential long-term consequences of individual versus social housing on body weight and metabolic phenotype is inconsistent. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analyses assessing effects of individual versus social housing of rats and mice, living under well-accepted laboratory conditions, on measures of metabolic health, including body weight, food intake and visceral adipose tissue mass. Seventy-one studies were included in this review; 59 were included in the meta-analysis. Whilst housing did not affect body weight, both food intake and visceral adipose tissue mass were significantly higher in individually compared with socially housed animals. A combination of emotional stress and lack of social thermoregulation likely contributed to these effects. Increased awareness of consequences and improved specifications of housing conditions are necessary to accurately evaluate efficacy of drugs, diets or other interventions on metabolic and other health outcomes because housing conditions are rarely considered as possible moderators of reported outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Schipper
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology Cluster, Department Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - E M van der Beek
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G van Dijk
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology Cluster, Department Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pro-inflammatory hepatic macrophages generate ROS through NADPH oxidase 2 via endocytosis of monomeric TLR4-MD2 complex. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2247. [PMID: 29269727 PMCID: PMC5740170 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. ROS generation by infiltrating macrophages involves multiple mechanisms, including Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation. Here, we show that palmitate-stimulated CD11b+F4/80low hepatic infiltrating macrophages, but not CD11b+F4/80high Kupffer cells, generate ROS via dynamin-mediated endocytosis of TLR4 and NOX2, independently from MyD88 and TRIF. We demonstrate that differently from LPS-mediated dimerization of the TLR4–MD2 complex, palmitate binds a monomeric TLR4–MD2 complex that triggers endocytosis, ROS generation and increases pro-interleukin-1β expression in macrophages. Palmitate-induced ROS generation in human CD68lowCD14high macrophages is strongly suppressed by inhibition of dynamin. Furthermore, Nox2-deficient mice are protected against high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. Therefore, endocytosis of TLR4 and NOX2 into macrophages might be a novel therapeutic target for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Reactive species of oxygen promote the development of hepatic steatosis. Here, Kim et al. demonstrate that palmitate stimulates macrophage infiltration and increases oxidative stress during steatosis by binding to the TLR4–MD2 complex, which results in the activation of NOX2.
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High Dietary Fat Intake during Lactation Promotes the Development of Social Stress-Induced Obesity in the Offspring of Mice. Nutrients 2015; 7:5916-32. [PMID: 26193313 PMCID: PMC4517034 DOI: 10.3390/nu7075257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined how a maternal high-fat diet (HD) during lactation and exposure of offspring to isolation stress influence the susceptibility of offspring to the development of obesity. C57BL/6J mice were fed a commercial diet (CD) during pregnancy and a CD or HD during lactation. Male offspring were weaned at three weeks of age, fed a CD until seven weeks of age, and fed a CD or HD until 11 weeks of age. Offspring were housed alone (isolation stress) or at six per cage (ordinary circumstances). Thus, offspring were assigned to one of eight groups: dams fed a CD or HD during lactation and offspring fed a CD or HD and housed under ordinary circumstances or isolation stress. Serum corticosterone level was significantly elevated by isolation stress. High-fat feeding of offspring reduced their serum corticosterone level, which was significantly elevated by a maternal HD. A maternal HD and isolation stress had combined effects in elevating the serum corticosterone level. These findings suggest that a maternal HD during lactation enhances the stress sensitivity of offspring. White adipose tissue weights were significantly increased by a maternal HD and isolation stress and by their combination. In addition, significant adipocyte hypertrophy was induced by a maternal HD and isolation stress and exacerbated by their combination. Thus, a maternal HD and isolation stress promote visceral fat accumulation and adipocyte hypertrophy, accelerating the progression of obesity through their combined effects. The mechanism may involve enhanced fatty acid synthesis and lipid influx from blood into adipose tissue. These findings demonstrate that a maternal HD during lactation may increase the susceptibility of offspring to the development of stress-induced obesity.
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Metabolic Effects of Social Isolation in Adult C57BL/6 Mice. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:690950. [PMID: 27433503 PMCID: PMC4897244 DOI: 10.1155/2014/690950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic dysfunction are risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and certain forms of cancers. Both animal studies and human population-based and clinical studies have suggested that chronic stress is a risk factor for metabolic disorders. A good social support system is known to exert positive effects on the mental and physical well-being of an individual. On the other hand, long-term deprivation of social contacts may represent a stressful condition that has negative effects on health. In the present study, we investigated the effects of chronic social isolation on metabolic parameters in adult C57BL/6 mice. We found that individually housed mice had increased adipose mass compared to group-housed mice, despite comparable body weight. The mechanism for the expansion of white adipose tissue mass was depot-specific. Notably, food intake was reduced in the social isolated animals, which occurred around the light-dark phase transition periods. Similarly, reductions in heat generated and the respiratory exchange ratio were observed during the light-dark transitions. These phase-specific changes due to long-term social isolation have not been reported previously. Our study shows social isolation contributes to increased adiposity and altered metabolic functions.
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Muhie S, Hammamieh R, Cummings C, Yang D, Jett M. Transcriptome characterization of immune suppression from battlefield-like stress. Genes Immun 2012; 14:19-34. [PMID: 23096155 PMCID: PMC3564018 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2012.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptome alterations of leukocytes from soldiers who underwent 8 weeks of Army Ranger training (RASP, Ranger Assessment and Selection Program) were analyzed to evaluate impacts of battlefield-like stress on the immune response. About 1400 transcripts were differentially expressed between pre- and post-RASP leukocytes. Upon functional analysis, immune response was the most enriched biological process, and most of the transcripts associated with the immune response were downregulated. Microbial pattern recognition, chemotaxis, antigen presentation and T-cell activation were among the most downregulated immune processes. Transcription factors predicted to be stress-inhibited (IRF7, RELA, NFκB1, CREB1, IRF1 and HMGB) regulated genes involved in inflammation, maturation of dendritic cells and glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Many altered transcripts were predicted to be targets of stress-regulated microRNAs. Post-RASP leukocytes exposed ex vivo to Staphylococcal enterotoxin B showed a markedly impaired immune response to this superantigen compared with pre-RASP leukocytes, consistent with the suppression of the immune response revealed by transcriptome analyses. Our results suggest that suppression of antigen presentation and lymphocyte activation pathways, in the setting of normal blood cell counts, most likely contribute to the poor vaccine response, impaired wound healing and infection susceptibility associated with chronic intense stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Muhie
- Integrative Systems Biology Program, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD 21702-5010, USA
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14
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Sherlock L, Wathes CM, Cheng Z, Wathes DC. Differential hepatic gene expression in the broiler chicken in response to the combined stressors of food withdrawal, catching and transport at the end of production. Stress 2012; 15:293-305. [PMID: 22043835 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2011.623248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Broiler (meat) chickens experience the combined acute stressors of food withdrawal, catching and transport (FCT) prior to slaughter as part of normal commercial practice at the end of their lives. This has associated physiological consequences, potentially affecting both welfare and meat quality, some of which are mediated through altered hepatic function. This study compared global hepatic gene expression between control birds and those exposed to commercial FCT using 20K chicken oligonucleotide microarrays. In response to FCT, 733 genes were differentially expressed of which 486 could be mapped onto the genome. The principal molecular and cellular functions thus affected by FCT involved lipid and carbohydrate metabolism with a suppression of mRNA expression for genes involved in lipogenesis, glycolysis and glycogenolysis and an induction of those involved in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid metabolism and ketone synthesis. There was also significant differential expression of genes associated with cellular control and immune function. These stressful events associated with FCT in commercial broiler chickens altered expression of hepatic genes associated with energy metabolism, with exhaustion of stored hepatic and pectoral muscle glycogen. A better understanding of FCT-induced stress through the use of gene expression arrays may in future inform husbandry practices, to improve both welfare and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Sherlock
- Department of Clinical Science, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK.
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15
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Sakakibara H, Suzuki A, Kobayashi A, Motoyama K, Matsui A, Sayama K, Kato A, Ohashi N, Akimoto M, Nakayama T, Shimoi K. Social isolation stress induces hepatic hypertrophy in C57BL/6J mice. J Toxicol Sci 2012; 37:1071-6. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.37.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Sakakibara
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
- Present address: University of Miyazaki
| | - Atsumi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Akio Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Keiko Motoyama
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Asako Matsui
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Kazutoshi Sayama
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
| | - Ayako Kato
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
- Prima Meat Packers, Ltd
| | - Norio Ohashi
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka
- Global COE program, University of Shizuoka
| | | | - Tsutomu Nakayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka
- Global COE program, University of Shizuoka
| | - Kayoko Shimoi
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka
- Global COE program, University of Shizuoka
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16
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Nakai Y, Nakamura A, Abe K. Functional food genomics in Japan – State of the art. Trends Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Sakakibara H, Koyanagi A, Suzuki TA, Suzuki A, Ling L, Shimoi K. Effects of animal care procedures on plasma corticosterone levels in group-housed mice during the nocturnal active phase. Exp Anim 2011; 59:637-42. [PMID: 21030792 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.59.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
C57BL/6 mice were housed five per cage on a 12:12 h light/dark cycle. All animal care, including bed cleaning, was carried out during the nonactive phase. After 2 weeks, mean plasma corticosterone levels, collected during the nonactive (ZT6) and active (ZT18) phases, were 66.0 and 270.9 ng/ml, respectively. The values at ZT18 gradually increased in the order of the mice used for blood collection, but not at ZT6. When animal care was carried out at ZT18, the increasing pattern of plasma corticosterone levels previously observed at ZT18 was less pronounced after 2 weeks of acclimatization, and was not observed after 4 weeks. Therefore, animal care should be carried out in the active phase for at least 4 weeks before experiments involving stress responses in the active phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Sakakibara
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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18
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Oda Y, Ueda F, Kamei A, Kakinuma C, Abe K. Biochemical investigation and gene expression analysis of the immunostimulatory functions of an edible Salacia extract in rat small intestine. Biofactors 2011; 37:31-9. [PMID: 21328625 DOI: 10.1002/biof.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Roots and bark from plants belonging to genus Salacia of the family Hippocrateaceae (Salacia reticulata, Salacia oblonga, etc.) have been used for traditional Ayurvedic medicine, particularly for the treatment of diabetes. In our study, we evaluated the gene expression profiles in the small intestinal epithelium of rats that were given a Salacia plant extract to gain insight into its effects on the small intestine. In detail, DNA microarray analysis was performed to evaluate the gene expression profiles in the rat ileal epithelium. The intestinal bacterial flora was also studied using T-RFLP (Nagashima method) in these rats. Expressions of many immune-related genes, especially Th1-related genes associated with cell-mediated immunity, were found to increase in the small intestinal epithelium and the intestinal bacterial flora became similar to those in the case with Salacia plant extract administration. Our study thus revealed that Salacia plant extract exerts bioregulatory functions by boosting intestinal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Oda
- Research and Development Management Headquarters, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan.
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19
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Dowse H, Umemori J, Koide T. Ultradian components in the locomotor activity rhythms of the genetically normal mouse, Mus musculus. J Exp Biol 2010; 213:1788-95. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.038877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Ultradian periodicities in physiological processes have been reported for a wide variety of organisms and may appear as bouts in locomotor activity. In some instances, this temporal organization can be related to some ethological strategy. In mice, however, ultradian rhythms have been reported largely in animals with circadian pacemakers disrupted either by genetic or surgical manipulation. Using analysis techniques capable of resolving periodicities in the ultradian range in the presence of strong diel periodicity, we found unequivocal evidence of ultradian rhythms in mice entrained to an light:dark cycle. We collected locomotor activity data of individuals from 11 genetically disparate strains of mice whose activity was recorded in 12 h:12 h L:D photoperiods for 3 days. Data were subjected to maximum entropy spectral analysis and autocorrelation, both before and after filtering to remove the 24-h periodicity. We found that every strain had a majority of individuals with strong ultradian rhythms ranging from ~3 to ~5 h. These periodicities were commonly visible in individual animals both in high-pass-filtered and in unfiltered data. Furthermore, when all raw data from a given strain were pooled to get a 24-h ensemble average across all animals and days, the rhythms continued to be discernable. We fitted Fourier series to these form estimates to model the frequency structure of each strain and found significant effects of strain and an interaction between period and strain indicating significant genetic variation for rhythmicity in the ultradian range. The techniques employed in this study should have wider use in a range of organisms and fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Dowse
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Juzoh Umemori
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Koide
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
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