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Cansino S, Torres-Trejo F, Estrada-Manilla C, Ruiz-Velasco S. Effects of different types of leisure activities on working memory across the adult lifespan. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s00426-024-01998-x. [PMID: 38970682 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to contrast the potential influence of five independent types of leisure activities (physical, mental, social, cultural, and passive) on working memory in a lifespan sample and in specific stages of adulthood (young, middle-aged, and older adults). A sample of 1652 healthy adults between 21 and 80 years of age participated in the study. Leisure activities were assessed through a lifestyle questionnaire created for the study. Working memory was measured in the verbal and spatial domains using a computerized n-back task that allowed us to reliably measure discrimination and reaction times. Across adulthood, mental (computer use and hobbies) and social leisure activities predicted greater verbal and spatial working memory discrimination; mental (reading) and social activities predicted faster verbal working memory; and mental (computer use) and physical activities predicted faster spatial working memory. In young adults, mental (computer use) and social activities were associated with greater verbal and spatial working memory performance. In middle-aged adults, physical and mental activities (computer use) were associated with greater working memory performance. In older adults, physical, mental (hobbies), and social activities were associated with greater working memory performance. Leisure activities can enhance working memory discrimination and speed independent of individuals' age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Cansino
- Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Avenida Universidad 3004, Building D, Room 212, 04510, Mexico City, México.
| | - Frine Torres-Trejo
- Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Avenida Universidad 3004, Building D, Room 212, 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - Cinthya Estrada-Manilla
- Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Avenida Universidad 3004, Building D, Room 212, 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - Silvia Ruiz-Velasco
- Applied Mathematics and Systems Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Baciu M, Roger E. Finding the Words: How Does the Aging Brain Process Language? A Focused Review of Brain Connectivity and Compensatory Pathways. Top Cogn Sci 2024. [PMID: 38734967 DOI: 10.1111/tops.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
As people age, there is a natural decline in cognitive functioning and brain structure. However, the relationship between brain function and cognition in older adults is neither straightforward nor uniform. Instead, it is complex, influenced by multiple factors, and can vary considerably from one person to another. Reserve, compensation, and maintenance mechanisms may help explain why some older adults can maintain high levels of performance while others struggle. These mechanisms are often studied concerning memory and executive functions that are particularly sensitive to the effects of aging. However, language abilities can also be affected by age, with changes in production fluency. The impact of brain changes on language abilities needs to be further investigated to understand the dynamics and patterns of aging, especially successful aging. We previously modeled several compensatory profiles of language production and lexical access/retrieval in aging within the Lexical Access and Retrieval in Aging (LARA) model. In the present paper, we propose an extended version of the LARA model, called LARA-Connectivity (LARA-C), incorporating recent evidence on brain connectivity. Finally, we discuss factors that may influence the strategies implemented with aging. The LARA-C model can serve as a framework to understand individual performance and open avenues for possible personalized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Baciu
- LPNC, Psychology Department, Grenoble Alps University
- Neurology Department, Grenoble Alps University Hospital
| | - Elise Roger
- LPNC, Psychology Department, Grenoble Alps University
- Communication and Aging Laboratory, Research Center of the University Institute of Geriatrics of Montreal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal
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Lv R, Yang L, Li J, Wei X, Ren Y, Wang W, Hou J, Fang X. Relationship between social participation and life satisfaction in community-dwelling older adults: Multiple mediating roles of depression and cognitive function. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105233. [PMID: 37956587 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have explored the relationship between social participation, depression, cognitive function, and life satisfaction in community-dwelling older adults. However, the results of these studies were not consistent. Therefore, the in-depth excavation of the complex relationship mechanism between these four variables is limited. This study aims to explore whether depression and cognitive function act as the multiple mediators between social participation and life satisfaction in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This study used the meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) approach. Six databases were comprehensively searched to investigate the relationship between social participation, depression, cognitive function, and life satisfaction in community-dwelling older adults from inception to March 1, 2023. RESULTS The analysis included 50 articles that reported 66 effect sizes (N = 161,854). The MASEM found the relationship between social participation and life satisfaction was mediated by depression [β = 0.085, 95 % CI (0.053, 0.126)] and by cognitive function [β = 0.015, 95 % CI (0.002, 0.033)], respectively. Depression and cognitive function also played multiple mediating roles between social participation and life satisfaction in community-dwelling older adults [β = 0.005, 95 % CI (0.001, 0.012)]. CONCLUSIONS There was not only a direct association between social participation and life satisfaction, but also an association through multiple mediating roles of depression and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults. In the process of using diverse interventions to promote social participation in community-dwelling older adults, more attention should be paid to their psychological status and cognitive function to eliminate intrinsic barriers so as to improve life satisfaction effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runtian Lv
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, China.
| | - Jia Li
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, China
| | | | - Yawen Ren
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, China
| | | | - Jiayu Hou
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, China
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Hotz I, Deschwanden PF, Mérillat S, Jäncke L. Associations between white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, entorhinal cortex thickness, declarative memory and leisure activity in cognitively healthy older adults: A 7-year study. Neuroimage 2023; 284:120461. [PMID: 37981203 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a growing epidemic that affects brain health and cognition. Therefore, a more profound understanding of the interplay between cSVD, brain atrophy, and cognition in healthy aging is of great importance. In this study, we examined the association between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume, number of lacunes, entorhinal cortex (EC) thickness, and declarative memory in cognitively healthy older adults over a seven-year period, controlling for possible confounding factors. Because there is no cure for cSVD to date, the neuroprotective potential of an active lifestyle has been suggested. Supporting evidence, however, is scarce. Therefore, a second objective of this study is to examine the relationship between leisure activities, cSVD, EC thickness, and declarative memory. METHODS We used a longitudinal dataset, which consisted of five measurement time points of structural MRI and psychometric cognitive ability and survey data, collected from a sample of healthy older adults (baseline N = 231, age range: 64-87 years, age M = 70.8 years), to investigate associations between cSVD MRI markers, EC thickness and verbal and figural memory performance. Further, we computed physical, social, and cognitive leisure activity scores from survey-based assessments and examined their associations with brain structure and declarative memory. To provide more accurate estimates of the trajectories and cross-domain correlations, we applied latent growth curve models controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS Less age-related thinning of the right (β = 0.92, p<.05) and left EC (β = 0.82, p<.05) was related to less declarative memory decline; and a thicker EC at baseline predicted less declarative memory loss (β = 0.54, p<.05). Higher baseline levels of physical (β = 0.24, p<.05), and social leisure activity (β = 0.27, p<.01) predicted less thinning of right EC. No relation was found between WMH or lacunes and declarative memory or between leisure activity and declarative memory. Higher education was initially related to more physical activity (β = 0.16, p<.05) and better declarative memory (β = 0.23, p<.001), which, however, declined steeper in participants with higher education (β = -.35, p<.05). Obese participants were less physically (β = -.18, p<.01) and socially active (β = -.13, p<.05) and had thinner left EC (β = -.14, p<.05) at baseline. Antihypertensive medication use (β = -.26, p<.05), and light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (β = -.40, p<.001) were associated with a smaller increase in the number of lacunes whereas a larger increase in the number of lacunes was observed in current smokers (β = 0.30, p<.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest complex relationships between cSVD MRI markers (total WMH, number of lacunes, right and left EC thickness), declarative memory, and confounding factors such as antihypertensive medication, obesity, and leisure activitiy. Thus, leisure activities and having good cognitive reserve counteracting this neurodegeneration. Several confounding factors seem to contribute to the extent or progression/decline of cSVD, which needs further investigation in the future. Since there is still no cure for cSVD, modifiable confounding factors should be studied more intensively in the future to maintain or promote brain health and thus cognitive abilities in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Hotz
- Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zurich, Stampfenbachstrasse 73, Zurich CH-8006, Switzerland.
| | - Pascal Frédéric Deschwanden
- Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zurich, Stampfenbachstrasse 73, Zurich CH-8006, Switzerland
| | - Susan Mérillat
- Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zurich, Stampfenbachstrasse 73, Zurich CH-8006, Switzerland
| | - Lutz Jäncke
- Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zurich, Stampfenbachstrasse 73, Zurich CH-8006, Switzerland
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Lim S, Yoo E, Hong I, Park JH. Age-specific findings on lifestyle and trajectories of cognitive function from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023098. [PMID: 37946412 PMCID: PMC10876444 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few longitudinal studies have explored age-related differences in the relationship between lifestyle factors and cognitive decline. This study investigated lifestyle factors at baseline that slow the longitudinal rate of cognitive decline in young-old (55-64 years), middle-old (65-74 years), and old-old (75+ years) individuals. METHODS We conducted an 11-year follow-up that included 6,189 older adults from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which is a cohort study of community-dwelling older Koreans. Lifestyle factors, including physical activity, social activity (SA), smoking, and alcohol consumption were assessed at baseline. Cognitive function was measured at 2-year intervals over 11 years. Latent growth modeling and multi-group analysis were performed. RESULTS The influence of lifestyle factors on the rate of cognitive decline differed by age. Smoking at baseline (-0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.11 to -0.00, per study wave) accelerated cognitive decline in young-old individuals, whereas frequent participation in SA at baseline (0.02; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03, per study wave) decelerated cognitive decline in middle-old individuals. None of the lifestyle factors in this study decelerated cognitive decline in old-old individuals. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive strategies based on modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking cessation in young-old individuals and frequent SA participation in middle-old age individuals may have great potential for preventing cognitive decline. Because the influence of lifestyle factors varied by age group, age-specific approaches are recommended to promote cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungju Lim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Eunyoung Yoo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Ickpyo Hong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Ji-Hyuk Park
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju,
Korea
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Maddock J, Gallo F, Wolters FJ, Stafford J, Marseglia A, Dekhtyar S, Lenart-Bugla M, Verspoor E, Perry M, Samtani S, Vernooij-Dassen M, Wolf-Ostermann K, Melis R, Brodaty H, Ikram MA, Welmer AK, Davis D, Ploubidis GB, Richards M, Patalay P. Social Health and Change in Cognitive Capability among Older Adults: Findings from Four European Longitudinal Studies. Gerontology 2023; 69:1330-1346. [PMID: 37497894 DOI: 10.1159/000531969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we examine whether social health markers measured at baseline are associated with differences in cognitive capability and the rate of cognitive decline over an 11-to-18-year period among older adults and compare results across studies. METHODS We applied an integrated data analysis approach to 16,858 participants (mean age 65 years; 56% female) from the National Survey for Health and Development (NSHD), the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA), the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), and the Rotterdam Study. We used multilevel models to examine social health in relation to cognitive capability and the rate of cognitive decline. RESULTS Pooled estimates show distinct relationships between markers of social health and cognitive domains, e.g., a large network size (≥6 people vs. none) was associated with higher executive function (0.17 standard deviation [SD] [95% CI: 0.00, 0.34], I2 = 27%) but not with memory (0.08 SD [95% CI: -0.02, 0.18], I2 = 19%). We also observed pooled associations between being married or cohabiting, having a large network size, and participating in social activities with slower decline in cognitive capability. However, estimates were close to zero, e.g., 0.01 SD/year (95% CI: 0.01, 0.02) I2 = 19% for marital status and executive function. There were clear study-specific differences: results for average processing speed were the most homogenous, and results for average memory were the most heterogeneous. CONCLUSION Overall, markers of good social health have a positive association with cognitive capability. However, we found differential associations between specific markers of social health and cognitive domains and differences between studies. These findings highlight the importance of examining between-study differences and considering the context specificity of findings in developing and deploying interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Federico Gallo
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Frank J Wolters
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean Stafford
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Marseglia
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serhiy Dekhtyar
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Eline Verspoor
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Perry
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Suraj Samtani
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Myrra Vernooij-Dassen
- Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare (IQ Healthcare), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Wolf-Ostermann
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz ScienceCampus Digital Public Health, Bremen, Germany
| | - Rene Melis
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Anna-Karin Welmer
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical Unit Medical Psychology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Davis
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
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Doreste-Mendez R, Oberlin LE, Ilieva I, Chen SZ, Gunning FM, Solomonov N. Perception of Social Support and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults With Depression. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e233978. [PMID: 36943269 PMCID: PMC10031397 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study assesses the association between perceived social support and cognitive performance in older adults with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raura Doreste-Mendez
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, New York
| | - Lauren E. Oberlin
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, New York
| | - Irena Ilieva
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, New York
| | - Serena Z. Chen
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, New York
| | - Faith M. Gunning
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, New York
| | - Nili Solomonov
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, New York
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Hsu HC, Bai CH. Individual and environmental factors associated with cognitive function in older people: a longitudinal multilevel analysis. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:243. [PMID: 35321640 PMCID: PMC8941778 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual and environmental factors have been found to be related to cognitive function. However, few studies have examined the longitudinal effects of both individual and environmental factors over time. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of individual and environmental factors over time on older people's cognitive function. METHODS Nationally representative panel data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Survey on Aging 1999-2015 (n = 6349 persons, observations = 12,042) were used. City-level indicator data were sourced from the government. A multilevel mixed linear model analysis was conducted. RESULTS Better cognitive function was significantly related to individuals' work, ethnicity, younger age, higher education level, better self-rated health, higher level of emotional support received, being more religious, higher economic satisfaction, and living in the cities with higher population densities. Education and social connectedness were protective factors over time. CONCLUSION Socioeconomics and social connectedness are related to cognitive function. A more social integrated lifestyle and financially secure living is suggested in the policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chuan Hsu
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.). .,Research Center of Health Equity, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,Research Center of Health Equity, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
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Graham EK, Willroth EC, Weston SJ, Muniz-Terrera G, Clouston SA, Hofer SM, Mroczek DK, Piccinin AM. Coordinated data analysis: Knowledge accumulation in lifespan developmental psychology. Psychol Aging 2022; 37:125-135. [PMID: 35113619 PMCID: PMC8814465 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Coordinated analysis is a powerful form of integrative analysis, and is well suited in its capacity to promote cumulative scientific knowledge, particularly in subfields of psychology that focus on the processes of lifespan development and aging. Coordinated analysis uses raw data from individual studies to create similar hypothesis tests for a given research question across multiple datasets, thereby making it less vulnerable to common criticisms of meta-analysis such as file drawer effects or publication bias. Coordinated analysis can sometimes use random effects meta-analysis to summarize results, which does not assume a single true effect size for a given statistical test. By fitting parallel models in separate datasets, coordinated analysis preserves the heterogeneity among studies, and provides a window into the generalizability and external validity of a set of results. The current article achieves three goals: First, it describes the phases of a coordinated analysis so that interested researchers can more easily adopt these methods in their labs. Second, it discusses the importance of coordinated analysis within the context of the credibility revolution in psychology. Third, it encourages the use of existing data networks and repositories for conducting coordinated analysis, in order to enhance accessibility and inclusivity. Subfields of research that require time- or resource- intensive data collection, such as longitudinal aging research, would benefit by adopting these methods. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Graciela Muniz-Terrera
- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK,University of Edinburgh, Centre for Dementia Prevention, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Sean A.P. Clouston
- Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine; Program in Public Health, University of Stony Brook
| | - Scott M. Hofer
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel K. Mroczek
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University,Department of Psychology, Northwestern University
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Alcohol Abuse and Insomnia Disorder: Focus on a Group of Night and Day Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413196. [PMID: 34948807 PMCID: PMC8706686 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The sleep-wake cycle plays a fundamental role in maintaining the physiological balance of our body. Its alteration favours the genesis of several organic alterations and diseases including sleep disorders and the consumption of several substances of abuse. It has been reported that the work activity, especially that carried out during the night, is able to influence the sleep-wake cycle, promoting the development of insomnia, which, in turn, would subject the worker to a stressful condition such as to encourage adverse behaviour such as the use/abuse of psychotropic substances. Based on the above premises, the aim of our research was to evaluate, in night workers: (i) the pattern of consumption of alcoholic beverages; (ii) the presence of insomnia; and (iii) the possible correlation between alcohol consumption and insomnia disorder. We used the AUDIT-C test (the abbreviated version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and the Insomnia Severity Index to assess alcohol consumption and insomnia disorder, respectively. All questionnaires were completed by workers of both sexes belonging to different types of work activities, exclusively day or night. The results of our research show a higher propensity of night workers to consume alcoholic beverages than those who work during daytime hours, often in binge-drinking mode. In addition, an increase in the amount of alcohol consumed was found to be related to insomnia disorder, especially in night workers. This study provides further awareness of the importance of the negative impact of alcohol consumption on sleep quality in night workers.
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Anatürk M, Suri S, Smith SM, Ebmeier KP, Sexton CE. Leisure Activities and Their Relationship With MRI Measures of Brain Structure, Functional Connectivity, and Cognition in the UK Biobank Cohort. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:734866. [PMID: 34867271 PMCID: PMC8635062 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.734866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate whether engagement in leisure activities is linked to measures of brain structure, functional connectivity, and cognition in early old age. Methods: We examined data collected from 7,152 participants of the United Kingdom Biobank (UK Biobank) study. Weekly participation in six leisure activities was assessed twice and a cognitive battery and 3T MRI brain scan were administered at the second visit. Based on responses collected at two time points, individuals were split into one of four trajectory groups: (1) stable low engagement, (2) stable weekly engagement, (3) low to weekly engagement, and (4) weekly to low engagement. Results: Consistent weekly attendance at a sports club or gym was associated with connectivity of the sensorimotor functional network with the lateral visual (β = 0.12, 95%CI = [0.07, 0.18], FDR q = 2.48 × 10-3) and cerebellar (β = 0.12, 95%CI = [0.07, 0.18], FDR q = 1.23 × 10-4) networks. Visiting friends and family across the two timepoints was also associated with larger volumes of the occipital lobe (β = 0.15, 95%CI = [0.08, 0.21], FDR q = 0.03). Additionally, stable and weekly computer use was associated with global cognition (β = 0.62, 95%CI = [0.35, 0.89], FDR q = 1.16 × 10-4). No other associations were significant (FDR q > 0.05). Discussion: This study demonstrates that not all leisure activities contribute to cognitive health equally, nor is there one unifying neural signature across diverse leisure activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Anatürk
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sana Suri
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M. Smith
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus P. Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claire E. Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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12
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Franklin HD, Russell LL, Peakman G, Greaves CV, Bocchetta M, Nicholas J, Poos J, Convery RS, Cash DM, van Swieten J, Jiskoot L, Moreno F, Sanchez-Valle R, Borroni B, Laforce R, Masellis M, Tartaglia MC, Graff C, Galimberti D, Rowe JB, Finger E, Synofzik M, Vandenberghe R, de Mendonça A, Tagliavini F, Santana I, Ducharme S, Butler C, Gerhard A, Levin J, Danek A, Otto M, Sorbi S, Le Ber I, Pasquier F, Rohrer JD. The Revised Self-Monitoring Scale detects early impairment of social cognition in genetic frontotemporal dementia within the GENFI cohort. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:127. [PMID: 34253227 PMCID: PMC8276486 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although social cognitive dysfunction is a major feature of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), it has been poorly studied in familial forms. A key goal of studies is to detect early cognitive impairment using validated measures in large patient cohorts. METHODS We used the Revised Self-Monitoring Scale (RSMS) as a measure of socioemotional sensitivity in 730 participants from the genetic FTD initiative (GENFI) observational study: 269 mutation-negative healthy controls, 193 C9orf72 expansion carriers, 193 GRN mutation carriers and 75 MAPT mutation carriers. All participants underwent the standardised GENFI clinical assessment including the 'CDR® plus NACC FTLD' scale and RSMS. The RSMS total score and its two subscores, socioemotional expressiveness (EX score) and modification of self-presentation (SP score) were measured. Volumetric T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was available from 377 mutation carriers for voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis. RESULTS The RSMS was decreased in symptomatic mutation carriers in all genetic groups but at a prodromal stage only in the C9orf72 (for the total score and both subscores) and GRN (for the modification of self-presentation subscore) groups. RSMS score correlated with disease severity in all groups. The VBM analysis implicated an overlapping network of regions including the orbitofrontal cortex, insula, temporal pole, medial temporal lobe and striatum. CONCLUSIONS The RSMS indexes socioemotional impairment at an early stage of genetic FTD and may be a suitable outcome measure in forthcoming trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah D Franklin
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Lucy L Russell
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Georgia Peakman
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Caroline V Greaves
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Martina Bocchetta
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jennifer Nicholas
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jackie Poos
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rhian S Convery
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - David M Cash
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John van Swieten
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lize Jiskoot
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fermin Moreno
- Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacións Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Robert Laforce
- Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, Département des Sciences Neurologiques, CHU de Québec, and Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Caroline Graff
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - James B Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Service, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexandre de Mendonça
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Santana
- University Hospital of Coimbra (HUC), Neurology Service, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Simon Ducharme
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chris Butler
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alex Gerhard
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Departments of Geriatric Medicine and Nuclear Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Danek
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Don Gnocchi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Centre de référence des démences rares ou précoces, IM2A, Département de Neurologie, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Département de Neurologie, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Univ Lille, Lille, France
- Inserm 1172, Lille, France
- CHU, CNR-MAJ, Labex Distalz, LiCEND, Lille, France
| | - Jonathan D Rohrer
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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Armstrong NM, Tom SE, Harrati A, Casaletto K, Pa J, Arce Rentería M, Gu Y, Rajan KB, Schupf N, Fieo R, Weuve J, Simonsick EM, Manly JJ, Stern Y, Zahodne LB. Longitudinal Relationship of Leisure Activity Engagement with Cognitive Performance among Non-Demented, Community-Dwelling Older Adults. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 62:352-363. [PMID: 33784376 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Leisure activity engagement (LAE) may reduce the risk of incident dementia. However, cognitive performance may predict LAE change. We evaluated the temporal ordering of overall and subtypes of LAE (intellectual, physical, and social) and cognitive performance (global, language, memory, and visuospatial function) among non-demented older adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project concurrently administered a survey measure of 13 leisure activities and a neuropsychological battery every 18-24 months for up to 14 years to 5,384 racially and ethnically diverse participants. We used parallel process conditional latent growth curve models to examine temporal ordering in the overall sample and within baseline diagnostic groups (MCI vs. cognitively normal). RESULTS Levels and changes of overall and subtypes of LAE were positively correlated with cognitive performance in the overall sample and within each diagnostic group. In the overall sample, higher initial memory was associated with slower declines in social LAE (Estimate=0.019, 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 0.001, 0.037). Among MCI, higher initial physical LAE was associated with slower declines in memory (Estimate=0.034, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.067), but higher initial intellectual LAE was related to steeper declines in visuospatial function (Estimate=-0.028, 95% CI: -0.052, -0.004). Among cognitively normal, higher initial memory was associated with slower declines in intellectual LAE (Estimate=0.012, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.022). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Dynamic interplay of LAE with cognitive performance was observed across diagnostic groups. Levels of LAE subtypes could be more predictive of change in certain cognitive domains within older adults with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Armstrong
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.,Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah E Tom
- Department of Neurology and the Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amal Harrati
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kaitlin Casaletto
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Judy Pa
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Miguel Arce Rentería
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division and the Taub Institute, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yian Gu
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division and the Taub Institute, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kumar B Rajan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division and the Taub Institute, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Fieo
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Weuve
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer J Manly
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division and the Taub Institute, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division and the Taub Institute, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura B Zahodne
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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14
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Evans IEM, Martyr A, Collins R, Brayne C, Clare L. Social Isolation and Cognitive Function in Later Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:S119-S144. [PMID: 30372678 PMCID: PMC6700717 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is some evidence to suggest that social isolation may be associated with poor cognitive function in later life. However, findings are inconsistent and there is wide variation in the measures used to assess social isolation. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between social isolation and cognitive function in later life. METHODS A search for longitudinal studies assessing the relationship between aspects of social isolation (including social activity and social networks) and cognitive function (including global measures of cognition, memory, and executive function) was conducted in PsycInfo, CINAHL, PubMed, and AgeLine. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted to assess the overall association between measures of social isolation and cognitive function. Sub-analyses investigated the association between different aspects of social isolation and each of the measures of cognitive function. RESULTS Sixty-five articles were identified by the systematic review and 51 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Low levels of social isolation characterized by high engagement in social activity and large social networks were associated with better late-life cognitive function (r = 0.054, 95% CI: 0.043, 0.065). Sub-analyses suggested that the association between social isolation and measures of global cognitive function, memory, and executive function were similar and there was no difference according to gender or number of years follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Aspects of social isolation are associated with cognitive function in later life. There is wide variation in approaches to measuring social activity and social networks across studies which may contribute to inconsistencies in reported findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isobel E M Evans
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH), School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Anthony Martyr
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH), School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rachel Collins
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH), School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Linda Clare
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH), School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Cultures and Environments of Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Centre for Research Excellence in Promoting Cognitive Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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15
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Williams BD, Pendleton N, Chandola T. Cognitively stimulating activities and risk of probable dementia or cognitive impairment in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. SSM Popul Health 2020; 12:100656. [PMID: 32984495 PMCID: PMC7495111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine the association between cognitive stimulating activities (CSA) in later life (internet/email use, employment, volunteering, evening classes, social club membership and newspaper reading) and risk of cognitive impairment or dementia using marginal structural models to account for time-varying confounding affected by prior exposure. Methods Data were used from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing waves 1 (2002) to 7 (2014), a nationally representative sample of adults in England aged ≥50. Self-reported participation in CSAs were measured as binary exposures from waves 2 (2004) to 6 (2012), with final sample sizes between n = 3937 and n = 2530 for different CSAs. Baseline exposure and covariates were used to create inverse probability of treatment and censoring weights (IPTCW). IPTCW repeated measures Poisson and linear regression were used to estimate each CSAs effect on risk of probable cognitive impairment or dementia at wave 7 (defined as a score of ≤11/27 on a modified telephone interview for cognitive status (TICS-27)). Results were compared to standard regression adjustment. Results Internet use at any wave (Risk ratios between 0.62 and 0.69) and volunteering in waves 3 to 6 (RRs between 0.516 and 0.633) were associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment in IPTCW models. Standard estimates were similar for both internet use and volunteering. Newspaper reading (RR 95% Confidence interval 0.74–0.99) and social club membership (RR 95% CI 0.54–0.86) at wave 6 were significantly associated with risk of cognitive impairment in standard models, but not in the IPTCW models (RR 95% CI 0.82–1.11 and 0.60–1.08 respectively). Employment and evening classes were not associated with cognitive impairment in either model. Conclusions We found that volunteering and internet use were associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment. Associations between newspaper reading or social club membership and cognitive impairment may be due to time-varying confounding affected by prior exposure. Confounding affected by past exposure is a problem in studies of cognitive function. We addressed this using inverse probability weighted marginal structural models. Volunteering and internet use were protective against cognitive impairment. Other cognitively stimulating activities were protective with standard regression. But these associations were non-significant in the marginal structural models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin David Williams
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, Humanities Bridgeford Street Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Neil Pendleton
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Tarani Chandola
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, Humanities Bridgeford Street Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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16
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Anatürk M, Suri S, Zsoldos E, Filippini N, Mahmood A, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimäki M, Mackay CE, Ebmeier KP, Sexton CE. Associations Between Longitudinal Trajectories of Cognitive and Social Activities and Brain Health in Old Age. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2013793. [PMID: 32816032 PMCID: PMC7441365 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Prior neuroimaging studies have found that late-life participation in cognitive (eg, reading) and social (eg, visiting friends and family) leisure activities are associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of the aging brain, but little is known about the neural and cognitive correlates of changes in leisure activities during the life span. Objectives To examine trajectories of cognitive and social activities from midlife to late life and evaluate whether these trajectories are associated with brain structure, functional connectivity, and cognition. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort included participants enrolled in the Whitehall II study and its MRI substudy based in the UK. Participants provided information on their leisure activities at 5 times during calendar years 1997 to 1999, 2002 to 2004, 2006, 2007 to 2009, and 2011 to 2013 and underwent MRI and cognitive battery testing from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016. Data analysis was performed from October 7, 2017, to July 15, 2019. Main Outcome and Measures Growth curve models and latent class growth analysis were used to identify longitudinal trajectories of cognitive and social activities. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate associations between activity trajectories and gray matter, white matter microstructure, functional connectivity, and cognition. Results A total of 574 individuals (468 [81.5%] men; mean [SD] age, 69.9 [4.9] years; median Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, 28 [interquartile range, 26-28]) were included in the present analysis. During a mean (SD) of 15 (4.2) years, cognitive and social activity levels increased during midlife before reaching a plateau in late life. Both baseline (global cognition: unstandardized β [SE], 0.955 [0.285], uncorrected P = .001; executive function: β [SE], 1.831 [0.499], uncorrected P < .001; memory: β [SE], 1.394 [0.550], uncorrected P = .01; processing speed: β [SE], 1.514 [0.528], uncorrected P = .004) and change (global cognition: β [SE], -1.382 [0.492], uncorrected P = .005, executive function: β [SE], -2.219 [0.865], uncorrected P = .01; memory: β [SE], -2.355 [0.948], uncorrected P = .01) in cognitive activities were associated with multiple domains of cognition as well as global gray matter volume (β [SE], -0.910 [0.388], uncorrected P = .02). Baseline (β [SE], 1.695 [0.525], uncorrected P = .001) and change (β [SE], 2.542 [1.026], uncorrected P = .01) in social activities were associated only with executive function, in addition to voxelwise measures of functional connectivity that involved sensorimotor (quadratic change in social activities: number of voxels, 306; P = 0.01) and temporoparietal (linear change in social activities: number of voxels, 16; P = .02) networks. Otherwise, no voxelwise associations were found with gray matter, white matter, or resting-state functional connectivity. False discovery rate corrections for multiple comparisons suggested that the association between cognitive activity levels and executive function was robust (β [SE], 1.831 [0.499], false discovery rate P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance The findings suggest that a life course approach may delineate the association between leisure activities and cognitive and brain health and that interventions aimed at improving and maintaining cognitive engagement may be valuable for the cognitive health of community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Anatürk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Sana Suri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Filippini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Abda Mahmood
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Archana Singh-Manoux
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
- Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Clare E. Mackay
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Klaus P. Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Claire E. Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
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17
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Sutcliffe R, Du K, Ruffman T. Music Making and Neuropsychological Aging: A Review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:479-491. [PMID: 32302600 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in social understanding and general cognition. Both are integral to wellbeing and rely on similar brain regions. Thus, as the population ages, there is a growing need for knowledge on the types of activities that maintain brain health in older adulthood. Active engagement in music making might be one such activity because it places a demand on brain networks tapping into multisensory integration, learning, reward, and cognition. It has been hypothesized that this demand may promote plasticity in the frontal and temporal lobes by taxing cognitive abilities and, hence, increase resistance to age-related neurodegeneration. We examine research relevant to this hypothesis and note that there is a lack of intervention studies with a well-matched control condition and random assignment. Thus, we discuss potential causal mechanisms underlying training-related neuropsychological changes, and provide suggestions for future research. It is argued that although music training might be a valuable tool for supporting healthy neuropsychological aging and mental wellbeing, well-controlled intervention studies are necessary to provide clear evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Sutcliffe
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, New Zealand.
| | - Kangning Du
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Ted Ruffman
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, New Zealand.
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18
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Self-reported Lifestyle Activities in Relation to Longitudinal Cognitive Trajectories. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2020; 33:21-28. [PMID: 30376509 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the relationship between lifestyle activity engagement and cognitive trajectories among individuals who were cognitively normal at baseline. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of current engagement in lifestyle activities to previous cognitive performance among individuals who were cognitively normal at baseline, and whether this relationship differed for individuals who subsequently developed mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or by APOE-4 genotype, age, and level of cognitive reserve. METHODS Participants (N=189) were primarily middle-aged (M=56.6 y) at baseline and have been prospectively followed with annual assessments (M follow-up=14.3 y). Engagement in physical, cognitive, and social activities was measured by the CHAMPS activity questionnaire. Longitudinal cognitive performance was measured by a global composite score. RESULTS Among individuals who progressed to MCI (n=27), higher lifestyle activity engagement was associated with less decline in prior cognitive performance. In contrast, among individuals who remained cognitively normal, lifestyle activity engagement was not associated with prior cognitive trajectories. These effects were largely independent of APOE-4 genotype, age, and cognitive reserve. CONCLUSIONS Greater engagement in lifestyle activities may modify the rate of cognitive decline among those who develop symptoms of MCI, but these findings need to be confirmed in prospective studies.
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19
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Röhr S, Löbner M, Gühne U, Heser K, Kleineidam L, Pentzek M, Fuchs A, Eisele M, Kaduszkiewicz H, König HH, Brettschneider C, Wiese B, Mamone S, Weyerer S, Werle J, Bickel H, Weeg D, Maier W, Scherer M, Wagner M, Riedel-Heller SG. Changes in Social Network Size Are Associated With Cognitive Changes in the Oldest-Old. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:330. [PMID: 32431627 PMCID: PMC7212889 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social isolation is increasing in aging societies and several studies have shown a relation with worse cognition in old age. However, less is known about the association in the oldest-old (85+); the group that is at highest risk for both social isolation and dementia. METHODS Analyses were based on follow-up 5 to 9 of the longitudinal German study on aging, cognition, and dementia in primary care patients (AgeCoDe) and the study on needs, health service use, costs, and health-related quality of life in a large sample of oldest-old primary care patients (AgeQualiDe), a multi-center population-based prospective cohort study. Measurements included the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6), with a score below 12 indicating social isolation, as well as the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) as an indicator of cognitive function. RESULTS Dementia-free study participants (n = 942) were M = 86.4 (SD = 3.0) years old at observation onset, 68.2% were women. One third (32.3%) of them were socially isolated. Adjusted linear hybrid mixed effects models revealed significantly lower cognitive function in individuals with smaller social networks (β = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3-0.7, p < .001). Moreover, changes in an individual's social network size were significantly associated with cognitive changes over time (β = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1-0.4, p = .003), indicating worse cognitive function with shrinking social networks. CONCLUSION Social isolation is highly prevalent among oldest-old individuals, being a risk factor for decreases in cognitive function. Consequently, it is important to maintain a socially active lifestyle into very old age. Likewise, this calls for effective ways to prevent social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Röhr
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Margrit Löbner
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Gühne
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Heser
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Pentzek
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela Fuchs
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marion Eisele
- Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Brettschneider
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- Work Group Medical Statistics and IT-Infrastructure, Institute for General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Mamone
- Work Group Medical Statistics and IT-Infrastructure, Institute for General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weyerer
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty, Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jochen Werle
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty, Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Bickel
- Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dagmar Weeg
- Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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M. Shamionov R, V. Grigoryev A. The image of socially active individual in the representations of student youth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE RESEARCH IN SCIENCE ENGINEERING AND EDUCATION 2019. [DOI: 10.5937/ijcrsee1901015s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The study of students’ representations of a socially active individual is one of the major tasks of psychology of education. The purpose of the study is to carry out analysis of characteristics of an image of a socially active individual in the representations of student youth and to correlate them with self-assessment of social activity and assessment of real social activity. Students aged 17-23 years (n=251) took part in the study ?=20.11, SD=1.2 (41% men). We used the polling method with the scales developed by the authors of the present study in order to identify self-assessment of social activity, to evaluate real activity; and the associative experiment method. In the study we analysed qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the image of a socially-active individual in the representations of university students. We have established major meaningful characteristics of representations (personal qualities, self-improvement and personal transformation, states, representation in the group, process and activity-related characteristics). Conclusion has been made about the connection between the intensity of students’ social activity and cognitive complexity of the image of a socially active individual and the content of subjective (initiative, confidence) and psychodynamic (vigour) categories in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rail M. Shamionov
- Faculty of Psychological, Pedagogical and Special Education, Saratov State University, Saratov
| | - Anton V. Grigoryev
- Faculty of Psychological, Pedagogical and Special Education, Saratov State University, Saratov
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Tang F, Chi I, Zhang W, Dong X. Activity Engagement and Cognitive Function: Findings From a Community-Dwelling U.S. Chinese Aging Population Study. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2018; 4:2333721418778180. [PMID: 30035190 PMCID: PMC6050630 DOI: 10.1177/2333721418778180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aims to examine the associations between engagement in cognitive, social, and religious activity and cognitive function (i.e., global cognition, cognitive performance, episodic memory, working memory, and executive function) and to explore the moderation effect of acculturation on the associations. Data were drawn from the Population-Based Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE) Wave I. Multivariate regression analyses showed that participation in more cognitive and social activities were associated with better cognitive function indicated by all five measures. Also, more frequent attendance in religious services is related to better working memory only. Compared with those more acculturated peers, the less acculturated community-dwelling Chinese older adults benefited more from high levels of activity engagement, especially in global cognition, cognitive performance, and episodic memory. Findings illustrate the importance of increasing older adults’ exposure to cognitively stimulating and socially integrated activities or environments, which may help to preserve the cognitive function of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iris Chi
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - XinQi Dong
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Su X, Huang X, Jin Y, Wan S, Han Z. The relationship of individual social activity and cognitive function of community Chinese elderly: a cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:2149-2157. [PMID: 30197518 PMCID: PMC6113942 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s160036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevention of cognitive impairment is a crucial public health issue, and leisure activities have been studied as the strategy of the cognitive preservation. The aim of the study was to explore the possible relationship between social activity and cognitive function among community-dwelling Chinese elderly in two big cities of Southern China. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Altogether, 557 nondemented older adults aged 60 years and older (73.4±6.5 years) were recruited in the social centers in Hong Kong and Guangzhou. A leisure activity questionnaire was used to measure the social activity participation. Cognitive function was examined using a neuropsychological battery. The association between social activity and cognitive function was analyzed using the multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Social activities had a weak relationship with cognitive performance when measured in terms of overall participation. Attending an interest class had significant association with the Cantonese version of Mini Mental State Examination, the word list learning test, the delayed recall test, and the trail making test. Religious activity showed significant association with the word list learning test and the digit vigilance test. Singing had significant association with the Category Verbal Fluency Test (CVFT) and the trail making test. CONCLUSION Some individual social activity items may be associated with better cognitive function among the community Chinese elderly independently of other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Su
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbing Huang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jin
- Faculty of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouwen Wan
- Guangzhou Dr Su Health Industry (Group) Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zili Han
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
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Kelly ME, Duff H, Kelly S, McHugh Power JE, Brennan S, Lawlor BA, Loughrey DG. The impact of social activities, social networks, social support and social relationships on the cognitive functioning of healthy older adults: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2017; 6:259. [PMID: 29258596 PMCID: PMC5735742 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social relationships, which are contingent on access to social networks, promote engagement in social activities and provide access to social support. These social factors have been shown to positively impact health outcomes. In the current systematic review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the impact of social activities, social networks and social support on the cognitive functioning of healthy older adults (50+) and examine the differential effects of aspects of social relationships on various cognitive domains. METHODS We followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines, and collated data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs), genetic and observational studies. Independent variables of interest included subjective measures of social activities, social networks, and social support, and composite measures of social relationships (CMSR). The primary outcome of interest was cognitive function divided into domains of episodic memory, semantic memory, overall memory ability, working memory, verbal fluency, reasoning, attention, processing speed, visuospatial abilities, overall executive functioning and global cognition. RESULTS Thirty-nine studies were included in the review; three RCTs, 34 observational studies, and two genetic studies. Evidence suggests a relationship between (1) social activity and global cognition and overall executive functioning, working memory, visuospatial abilities and processing speed but not episodic memory, verbal fluency, reasoning or attention; (2) social networks and global cognition but not episodic memory, attention or processing speed; (3) social support and global cognition and episodic memory but not attention or processing speed; and (4) CMSR and episodic memory and verbal fluency but not global cognition. CONCLUSIONS The results support prior conclusions that there is an association between social relationships and cognitive function but the exact nature of this association remains unclear. Implications of the findings are discussed and suggestions for future research provided. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO 2012: CRD42012003248 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E. Kelly
- Department of Psychology, School of Business, National College of Ireland, 2nd Floor, Mayor Street, IFSC, Dublin, 1 Ireland
| | - Hollie Duff
- The NEIL Programme, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2 Ireland
| | - Sara Kelly
- The NEIL Programme, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2 Ireland
| | - Joanna E. McHugh Power
- Department of Psychology, School of Business, National College of Ireland, 2nd Floor, Mayor Street, IFSC, Dublin, 1 Ireland
| | | | - Brian A. Lawlor
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David G. Loughrey
- The NEIL Programme, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2 Ireland
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Bielak AAM, Mogle J, Sliwinski MJ. What Did You Do Today? Variability in Daily Activities is Related to Variability in Daily Cognitive Performance. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2017; 74:764-771. [DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbx145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allison A M Bielak
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Jacqueline Mogle
- College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
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25
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Brown CL, Robitaille A, Zelinski EM, Dixon RA, Hofer SM, Piccinin AM. Cognitive activity mediates the association between social activity and cognitive performance: A longitudinal study. Psychol Aging 2017; 31:831-846. [PMID: 27929339 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Social activity is 1 aspect of an active lifestyle and some evidence indicates it is related to preserved cognitive function in older adulthood. However, the potential mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. We investigate 4 potential mediational pathways through which social activity may relate to cognitive performance. A multilevel structural equation modeling approach to mediation was used to investigate whether cognitive activity, physical activity, depressive symptoms, and vascular health conditions mediate the association between social activity and cognitive function in older adults. Using data from the Victoria Longitudinal Study, we tested 4 cognitive outcomes: fluency, episodic memory, reasoning, and vocabulary. Three important findings emerged. First, the association between social activity and all 4 domains of cognitive function was significantly mediated by cognitive activity at the within-person level. Second, we observed a significant indirect effect of social activity on all domains of cognitive function through cognitive activity at the between-person level. Third, we found a within-person indirect relationship of social activity with episodic memory performance through physical activity. For these older adults, engagement in social activities was related to participation in everyday cognitive activities and in turn to better cognitive performance. This pattern is consistent with the interpretation that a lifestyle of social engagement may benefit cognitive performance by providing opportunities or motivation to participate in supportive cognitively stimulating activities. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth M Zelinski
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California
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26
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Bourassa KJ, Memel M, Woolverton C, Sbarra DA. Social participation predicts cognitive functioning in aging adults over time: comparisons with physical health, depression, and physical activity. Aging Ment Health 2017; 21:133-146. [PMID: 26327492 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1081152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several risk and protective factors are associated with changes in cognitive functioning in aging adults - including physical health, depression, physical activity, and social activities - though the findings for participation in social activities are mixed. This study investigated the longitudinal association between social participation and two domains of cognitive functioning, memory and executive function. A primary goal of our analyses was to determine whether social participation predicted cognitive functioning over-and-above physical health, depression, and physical activity in a sample with adequate power to detect unique effects. METHOD The sample included aging adults (N = 19,832) who participated in a large, multi-national study and provided data across six years; split into two random subsamples. Unique associations between the predictors of interest and cognitive functioning over time and within occasion were assessed in a latent curve growth model. RESULTS Social participation predicted both domains of cognitive functioning at each occasion, and the relative magnitude of this effect was comparable to physical health, depression, and physical activity level. In addition, social participation at the first time point predicted change in cognitive functioning over time. The substantive results in the initial sample were replicated in the second independent subsample. CONCLUSION Overall, the magnitude of the association of social participation is comparable to other well-established predictors of cognitive functioning, providing evidence that social participation plays an important role in cognitive functioning and successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Bourassa
- a Department of Psychology , University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ , USA
| | - Molly Memel
- a Department of Psychology , University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ , USA
| | - Cindy Woolverton
- a Department of Psychology , University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ , USA
| | - David A Sbarra
- a Department of Psychology , University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ , USA
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Klaming R, Annese J, Veltman DJ, Comijs HC. Episodic memory function is affected by lifestyle factors: a 14-year follow-up study in an elderly population. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2016; 24:528-542. [PMID: 27588732 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2016.1226746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between memory function and lifestyle offers great opportunities for promoting beneficial lifestyle choices to foster healthy cognitive aging and for the development of intervention programs for older adults. We studied a cohort of older adults (age 65 and older) enrolled in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, an ongoing prospective population-based research project. A total of 1,966 men and women participated in an episodic memory test every 3 years over a period of 14 years. Lifestyle habits were repeatedly assessed using self-report measures. Physical activity, light-to-moderate alcohol consumption, difficulties staying asleep, and social engagement were associated with better memory function over the course of 14 years. In contrast, smoking and long sleep duration were associated with worse memory function. These findings suggest that certain lifestyle factors can have long-term protective or harmful effects on memory function in aging individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Klaming
- a Department of Psychiatry , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,b Department of Psychiatry , University of California San Diego , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Jacopo Annese
- c Institute for Brain and Society , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Dick J Veltman
- a Department of Psychiatry , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Hannie C Comijs
- a Department of Psychiatry , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,d Mental Health Institution , GGZ inGeest , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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Persson N, Ghisletta P, Dahle CL, Bender AR, Yang Y, Yuan P, Daugherty AM, Raz N. Regional brain shrinkage and change in cognitive performance over two years: The bidirectional influences of the brain and cognitive reserve factors. Neuroimage 2015; 126:15-26. [PMID: 26584866 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined relationships between regional brain shrinkage and changes in cognitive performance, while taking into account the influence of chronological age, vascular risk, Apolipoprotein E variant and socioeconomic status. Regional brain volumes and cognitive performance were assessed in 167 healthy adults (age 19-79 at baseline), 90 of whom returned for the follow-up after two years. Brain volumes were measured in six regions of interest (ROIs): lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), prefrontal white matter (PFw), hippocampus (Hc), parahippocampal gyrus (PhG), cerebellar hemispheres (CbH), and primary visual cortex (VC), and cognitive performance was evaluated in three domains: episodic memory (EM), fluid intelligence (Gf), and vocabulary (V). Average volume loss was observed in Hc, PhG and CbH, but reliable individual differences were noted in all examined ROIs. Average positive change was observed in EM and V performance but not in Gf scores, yet only the last evidenced individual differences in change. We observed reciprocal influences among neuroanatomical and cognitive variables. Larger brain volumes at baseline predicted greater individual gains in Gf, but differences in LPFC volume change were in part explained by baseline level of cognitive performance. In one region (PFw), individual change in volume was coupled with change in Gf. Larger initial brain volumes did not predict slower shrinkage. The results underscore the complex role of brain maintenance and cognitive reserve in adult development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninni Persson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden; Stockholm Brain Institute, Sweden
| | - Paolo Ghisletta
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Distance Learning University, Sierre, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl L Dahle
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - Andrew R Bender
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - Yiqin Yang
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - Peng Yuan
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - Ana M Daugherty
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - Naftali Raz
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA; Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 East Ferry St., Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Summary of the evidence on modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia: A population-based perspective. Alzheimers Dement 2015; 11:718-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 901] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Social relationships and risk of incident mild cognitive impairment in U.S. Alzheimer's disease centers. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2015; 28:253-60. [PMID: 24577205 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Social relationships are hypothesized to prevent or slow cognitive decline. We sought to evaluate associations between social relationships and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database who were cognitively normal, aged 55 and older at baseline, and had at least 2 in-person visits (n=5335) were included. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models evaluated the association between 4 social relationships at baseline (marital status, living situation, having children, and having siblings) and risk of developing MCI (on the basis of clinician diagnosis following established criteria). Primary models were adjusted for baseline demographics. Participants were followed, on average, for 3.2 years; 15.2% were diagnosed with MCI. Compared with married participants, risk of MCI was significantly lower for widowed participants (hazard ratio: 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.76, 0.99) but not for divorced/separated or never-married participants. Compared with living with a spouse/partner, risk of MCI was significantly higher for living with others (hazard ratio: 1.35; 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.77) but not for living alone. Risk of MCI was not associated with having children or having siblings. These results did not consistently identify social relationships as a strong risk factor for, or independent clinical predictor of, MCI.
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Physical activity and cognitive functioning in the oldest old: Within- and between-person cognitive activity and psychosocial mediators. Eur J Ageing 2014; 11:333-347. [PMID: 25598770 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-014-0314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study examines the role of social contact intensity, cognitive activity, and depressive symptoms as within- and between-person mediators for the relationships between physical activity and cognitive functioning. METHOD All three types of mediators were considered simultaneously using multilevel structural equations modeling with longitudinal data. The sample consisted of 470 adults ranging from 79.37 to 97.92 years of age (M = 83.4; SD = 3.2) at the first occasion. RESULTS Between-person differences in cognitive activity mediated the relationship between physical activity and cognitive functioning, such that individuals who participated in more physical activities, on average, engaged in more cognitive activities and, in turn, showed better cognitive functioning. Mediation of between-person associations between physical activity and memory through social contact intensity was also significant. At the within-person level, only cognitive activity mediated the relationship between physical activity and change in cognition; however, the indirect effect was small. Depressive symptomatology was not found to significantly mediate within- or between-person effects on cognitive change. DISCUSSION Our findings highlight the implications of physical activity participation for the prevention of cognitive decline and the importance of meditational processes at the between-person level. Physical activity can provide older adults with an avenue to make new friendships and engage in more cognitive activities which, in turn, attenuates cognitive decline.
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Abstract
People are good for your brain. Decades of research have shown that individuals who have a larger number of people in their social network or higher quality ties with individuals within their network have lower rates of morbidity and mortality across a wide range of health outcomes. Among these outcomes, cognitive function, especially in the context of brain aging, has been one area of particular interest with regard to social engagement, or more broadly, socially integrated lifestyles. Many studies have observed an association between the size of a person's social network or levels of social engagement and the risk for cognitive decline or dementia (e.g. see review by Fratiglioni et al., 2004). The dementia risk reduction associated with a larger social network or social engagement shown by some epidemiological studies is fairly large. The population effect size of increasing social engagement on delaying dementia disease progression could exceed that of current FDA approved medications for Alzheimer's disease.
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de Frias CM, Dixon RA. Lifestyle engagement affects cognitive status differences and trajectories on executive functions in older adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2013; 29:16-25. [PMID: 24323561 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/act089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors first examined the concurrent moderating role of lifestyle engagement on the relation between cognitive status (cognitively elite, cognitively normal [CN], and cognitively impaired [CI]) and executive functioning (EF) in older adults. Second, the authors examined whether baseline participation in lifestyle activities predicted differential 4.5-year stabilities and transitions in cognitive status. Participants (initial N = 501; 53-90 years) were from the Victoria Longitudinal Study. EF was represented by a 1-factor structure. Lifestyle activities were measured in multiple domains of engagement (e.g., cognitive, physical, and social). Two-wave status stability groups included sustained normal aging, transitional early impairment, and chronic impairment. Hierarchical regressions showed that baseline participation in social activities moderated cognitive status differences in EF. CI adults with high (but not low) social engagement performed equivalently to CN adults on EF. Longitudinally, logistic regressions showed that engagement in physical activities was a significant predictor of stability of cognitive status. CI adults who were more engaged in physical activities were more likely to improve in their cognitive status over time than their more sedentary peers. Participation in cognitive activities was a significant predictor of maintenance in a higher cognitive status group. Given that lifestyle engagement plays a detectable role in healthy, normal, and impaired neuropsychological aging, further research in activity-related associations and interventions is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy M de Frias
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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Zelinski EM. How Interventions Might Improve Cognition in Healthy Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GAMING AND COMPUTER-MEDIATED SIMULATIONS 2013; 5:72-82. [PMID: 33329761 PMCID: PMC7737913 DOI: 10.4018/jgcms.2013070105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2024]
Abstract
Many of the cognitive declines in healthy aging are moderated by experience, suggesting that interventions may be beneficial. Goals for aging outcomes include improving performance on untrained tasks, remediating observed cognitive declines, and ensuring preservation of functional ability. This selective review evaluates current progress towards these goals. Most research focuses on untrained tasks. Interventions associated with this outcome include games and exercises practicing specific cognitive skills, as well as aerobic exercise, and modestly benefit a relatively narrow range of cognitive tasks. Few studies have directly tested improvements in tasks on which individuals have been shown to experience longitudinal decline, so this goal has not been realized, though remediation can be examined rather easily. Little work has been done to develop psychometrically strong functional outcomes that could be used to test preservation of independence in everyday activities. Virtual reality approaches to functional assessment show promise for achieving the third goal.
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