1
|
Di Ciaula A, Khalil M, Baffy G, Portincasa P. Advances in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of chronic diarrhoea from bile acid malabsorption: a systematic review. Eur J Intern Med 2024:S0953-6205(24)00291-7. [PMID: 39069430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) is an important disorder of digestive pathophysiology as it generates chronic diarrhoea. This condition originates from intricate pathways involving bile acid synthesis and metabolism in the liver and gut, the composition of gut microbiota, enterohepatic circulation and key receptors as farnesoid X receptor (FXR), fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), and the G-protein bile acid receptor-1 (GPBAR-1). Although symptoms can resemble those related to disorders of gut brain interaction, accurate diagnosis of BAM may greatly benefit the patient. The empiric diagnosis of BAM is primarily based on the clinical response to bile acid sequestrants. Specific tests including the 48-hour fecal bile acid test, serum levels of 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), and the 75Selenium HomotauroCholic Acid Test (SeHCAT) are not widely available. Nevertheless, lack of diagnostic standardization of BAM may account for poor recognition and delayed management. Beyond bile acid sequestrants, therapeutic approaches include the use of FXR agonists, FGF19 analogues, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and microbiota modulation. These novel agents can best make their foray into the therapeutic armamentarium if BAM does not remain a diagnosis of exclusion. Ignoring BAM as a specific condition may continue to contribute to increased healthcare costs and reduced quality of life. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of BAM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Medical School, Bari, Italy.
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Medical School, Bari, Italy.
| | - Gyorgy Baffy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Medical School, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wakabayashi N, Yagishita Y, Joshi T, Kensler TW. Dual Deletion of Keap1 and Rbpjκ Genes in Liver Leads to Hepatomegaly and Hypercholesterolemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4712. [PMID: 38731931 PMCID: PMC11083431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The hepatic deletion of Rbpjκ (RbpjF/F::AlbCre) in the mouse leads to exhibition of the Alagille syndrome phenotype during early postnatal liver development with hyperlipidemia and cholestasis due to attenuated disruption of NOTCH signaling. Given the roles of NRF2 signaling in the regulation of lipid metabolism and bile ductal formation, it was anticipated that these symptoms could be alleviated by enhancing NRF2 signaling in the RbpjF/F::AlbCre mouse by hepatic deletion of Keap1 in compound Keap1F/F::RbpjF/F::AlbCre mice. Unexpectedly, these mice developed higher hepatic and plasma cholesterol levels with more severe cholestatic liver damage during the pre-weaning period than in the RbpjF/F::AlbCre mice. In addition, hypercholesterolemia and hepatic damage were sustained throughout the growth period unlike in the RbpjF/F::AlbCre mouse. These enhanced abnormalities in lipid metabolism appear to be due to NRF2-dependent changes in gene expression related to cholesterol synthetic and subsequent bile acid production pathways. Notably, the hepatic expression of Cyp1A7 and Abcb11 genes involved in bile acid homeostasis was significantly reduced in Keap1F/F::RbpjF/F::AlbCre compared to RbpjF/F::AlbCre mice. The accumulation of liver cholesterol and the weakened capacity for bile excretion during the 3 pre-weaning weeks in the Keap1F/F::RbpjF/F::AlbCre mice may aggravate hepatocellular damage level caused by both excessive cholesterol and residual bile acid toxicity in hepatocytes. These results indicate that a tuned balance of NOTCH and NRF2 signaling is of biological importance for early liver development after birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobunao Wakabayashi
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (N.W.); (T.J.)
| | - Yoko Yagishita
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (N.W.); (T.J.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tanvi Joshi
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (N.W.); (T.J.)
| | - Thomas W. Kensler
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (N.W.); (T.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee HI, Kwon SS, Lee M, Kim SJ, Song K, Kwon A, Chae HW, Kim HS, Suh J. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young due to NR0B2 gene mutation. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 28:S3-S5. [PMID: 38171348 PMCID: PMC10783928 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2244284.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hae In Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Sung Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeongseob Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungchul Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahreum Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junghwan Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qin D, Wang R, Ji J, Wang D, Lu Y, Cao S, Chen Y, Wang L, Chen X, Zhang L. Hepatocyte-specific Sox9 knockout ameliorates acute liver injury by suppressing SHP signaling and improving mitochondrial function. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:159. [PMID: 37649095 PMCID: PMC10468867 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sex determining region Y related high-mobility group box protein 9 (Sox9) is expressed in a subset of hepatocytes, and it is important for chronic liver injury. However, the roles of Sox9+ hepatocytes in response to the acute liver injury and repair are poorly understood. METHODS In this study, we developed the mature hepatocyte-specific Sox9 knockout mouse line and applied three acute liver injury models including PHx, CCl4 and hepatic ischemia reperfusion (IR). Huh-7 cells were subjected to treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in order to induce cellular damage in an in vitro setting. RESULTS We found the positive effect of Sox9 deletion on acute liver injury repair. Small heterodimer partner (SHP) expression was highly suppressed in hepatocyte-specific Sox9 deletion mouse liver, accompanied by less cell death and more cell proliferation. However, in mice with hepatocyte-specific Sox9 deletion and SHP overexpression, we observed an opposite phenotype. In addition, the overexpression of SOX9 in H2O2-treated Huh-7 cells resulted in an increase in cytoplasmic SHP accumulation, accompanied by a reduction of SHP in the nucleus. This led to impaired mitochondrial function and subsequent cell death. Notably, both the mitochondrial dysfunction and cell damage were reversed when SHP siRNA was employed, indicating the crucial role of SHP in mediating these effects. Furthermore, we found that Sox9, as a vital transcription factor, directly bound to SHP promoter to regulate SHP transcription. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings unravel the mechanism by which hepatocyte-specific Sox9 knockout ameliorates acute liver injury via suppressing SHP signaling and improving mitochondrial function. This study may provide a new treatment strategy for acute liver injury in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jinwei Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Duo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Shiyao Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqing Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lisheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Laupsa-Borge J, Grytten E, Bohov P, Bjørndal B, Strand E, Skorve J, Nordrehaug JE, Berge RK, Rostrup E, Mellgren G, Dankel SN, Nygård OK. Sex-specific responses in glucose-insulin homeostasis and lipoprotein-lipid components after high-dose supplementation with marine n-3 PUFAs in abdominal obesity: a randomized double-blind crossover study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1020678. [PMID: 37404855 PMCID: PMC10315503 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1020678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical studies on effects of marine-derived omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the plant-derived omega-6 (n-6) PUFA linoleic acid (LA) on lipoprotein-lipid components and glucose-insulin homeostasis have shown conflicting results, which may partly be explained by differential responses in females and males. However, we have lacked data on sexual dimorphism in the response of cardiometabolic risk markers following increased consumption of n-3 or n-6 PUFAs. Objective To explore sex-specific responses after n-3 (EPA + DHA) or n-6 (LA) PUFA supplementation on circulating lipoprotein subfractions, standard lipids, apolipoproteins, fatty acids in red blood cell membranes, and markers of glycemic control/insulin sensitivity among people with abdominal obesity. Methods This was a randomized double-blind crossover study with two 7-week intervention periods separated by a 9-week washout phase. Females (n = 16) were supplemented with 3 g/d of EPA + DHA (fish oil) or 15 g/d of LA (safflower oil), while males (n = 23) received a dose of 4 g/d of EPA + DHA or 20 g/d of LA. In fasting blood samples, we measured lipoprotein particle subclasses, standard lipids, apolipoproteins, fatty acid profiles, and markers of glycemic control/insulin sensitivity. Results The between-sex difference in relative change scores was significant after n-3 for total high-density lipoproteins (females/males: -11%*/-3.3%, p = 0.036; *: significant within-sex change), high-density lipoprotein particle size (+2.1%*/-0.1%, p = 0.045), and arachidonic acid (-8.3%*/-12%*, p = 0.012), and after n-6 for total (+37%*/+2.1%, p = 0.041) and small very-low-density lipoproteins (+97%*/+14%, p = 0.021), and lipoprotein (a) (-16%*/+0.1%, p = 0.028). Circulating markers of glucose-insulin homeostasis differed significantly after n-3 for glucose (females/males: -2.1%/+3.9%*, p = 0.029), insulin (-31%*/+16%, p < 0.001), insulin C-peptide (-12%*/+13%*, p = 0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index 2 (-12%*/+14%*, p = 0.001) and insulin sensitivity index 2 (+14%*/-12%*, p = 0.001), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+4.9%*/-3.4%*, p < 0.001). Conclusion We found sex-specific responses after high-dose n-3 (but not n-6) supplementation in circulating markers of glycemic control/insulin sensitivity, which improved in females but worsened in males. This may partly be related to the sex differences we observed in several components of the lipoprotein-lipid profile following the n-3 intervention. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier [NCT02647333].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Laupsa-Borge
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elise Grytten
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pavol Bohov
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bodil Bjørndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elin Strand
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jon Skorve
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Erik Nordrehaug
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf K. Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Espen Rostrup
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Simon N. Dankel
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ottar K. Nygård
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Garruti G, Baj J, Cignarelli A, Perrini S, Giorgino F. Hepatokines, bile acids and ketone bodies are novel Hormones regulating energy homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1154561. [PMID: 37274345 PMCID: PMC10236950 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1154561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current views show that an impaired balance partly explains the fat accumulation leading to obesity. Fetal malnutrition and early exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds also contribute to obesity and impaired insulin secretion and/or sensitivity. The liver plays a major role in systemic glucose homeostasis through hepatokines secreted by hepatocytes. Hepatokines influence metabolism through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signaling and mediate the crosstalk between the liver, non-hepatic target tissues, and the brain. The liver also synthetizes bile acids (BAs) from cholesterol and secretes them into the bile. After food consumption, BAs mediate the digestion and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and lipids in the duodenum. In recent studies, BAs act not simply as fat emulsifiers but represent endocrine molecules regulating key metabolic pathways. The liver is also the main site of the production of ketone bodies (KBs). In prolonged fasting, the brain utilizes KBs as an alternative to CHO. In the last few years, the ketogenic diet (KD) became a promising dietary intervention. Studies on subjects undergoing KD show that KBs are important mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress. The present review will focus on the role played by hepatokines, BAs, and KBs in obesity, and diabetes prevention and management and analyze the positive effects of BAs, KD, and hepatokine receptor analogs, which might justify their use as new therapeutic approaches for metabolic and aging-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Garruti
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Angelo Cignarelli
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Sebastio Perrini
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Giorgino
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L, Baj J, Khalil M, Garruti G, Stellaard F, Wang HH, Wang DQH, Portincasa P. Recent Advances in the Digestive, Metabolic and Therapeutic Effects of Farnesoid X Receptor and Fibroblast Growth Factor 19: From Cholesterol to Bile Acid Signaling. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234950. [PMID: 36500979 PMCID: PMC9738051 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BA) are amphiphilic molecules synthesized in the liver (primary BA) starting from cholesterol. In the small intestine, BA act as strong detergents for emulsification, solubilization and absorption of dietary fat, cholesterol, and lipid-soluble vitamins. Primary BA escaping the active ileal re-absorption undergo the microbiota-dependent biotransformation to secondary BA in the colon, and passive diffusion into the portal vein towards the liver. BA also act as signaling molecules able to play a systemic role in a variety of metabolic functions, mainly through the activation of nuclear and membrane-associated receptors in the intestine, gallbladder, and liver. BA homeostasis is tightly controlled by a complex interplay with the nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR), the enterokine hormone fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) or the human ortholog FGF19 (FGF19). Circulating FGF19 to the FGFR4/β-Klotho receptor causes smooth muscle relaxation and refilling of the gallbladder. In the liver the binding activates the FXR-small heterodimer partner (SHP) pathway. This step suppresses the unnecessary BA synthesis and promotes the continuous enterohepatic circulation of BAs. Besides BA homeostasis, the BA-FXR-FGF19 axis governs several metabolic processes, hepatic protein, and glycogen synthesis, without inducing lipogenesis. These pathways can be disrupted in cholestasis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, targeting FXR activity can represent a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention and the treatment of liver and metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Frans Stellaard
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Venusberg-Campus 1, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Helen H. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - David Q.-H. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-328-4687215
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu F, Zhu X, Jiang X, Li S, Lv Y. Transcriptional control by HNF-1: Emerging evidence showing its role in lipid metabolism and lipid metabolism disorders. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1248-1257. [PMID: 35873023 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.06.010.ecollection] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review focuses on the roles and underlying mechanisms of action of hepatic nuclear factor-1 (HNF-1) in lipid metabolism and the development of lipid metabolism disorders. HNF-1 is a transcriptional regulator that can form homodimers, and the HNF-1α and HNF-1β isomers can form heterodimers. Both homo- and heterodimers recognize and bind to specific cis-acting elements in gene promoters to transactivate transcription and to coordinate the expression of target lipid-related genes, thereby influencing the homeostasis of lipid metabolism. HNF-1 was shown to restrain lipid anabolism, including synthesis, absorption, and storage, by inhibiting the expression of lipogenesis-related genes, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1/2 (SREBP-1/2). Moreover, HNF-1 enhances the expression of various genes, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), and suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3) and negatively regulates signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) to facilitate lipid catabolism in hepatocytes. HNF-1 reduces hepatocellular lipid decomposition, which alleviates the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). HNF-1 impairs preadipocyte differentiation to reduce the number of adipocytes, stunting the development of obesity. Furthermore, HNF-1 reduces free cholesterol levels in the plasma to inhibit aortic lipid deposition and lipid plaque formation, relieving dyslipidemia and preventing the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In summary, HNF-1 transcriptionally regulates lipid-related genes to manipulate intracorporeal balance of lipid metabolism and to suppress the development of lipid metabolism disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Province Postgraduate Co-training Base for Cooperative Innovation in Basic Medicine (Guilin Medical University and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center), Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Province Postgraduate Co-training Base for Cooperative Innovation in Basic Medicine (Guilin Medical University and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center), Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Xiaping Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Province Postgraduate Co-training Base for Cooperative Innovation in Basic Medicine (Guilin Medical University and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center), Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Shan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Province Postgraduate Co-training Base for Cooperative Innovation in Basic Medicine (Guilin Medical University and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center), Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Province Postgraduate Co-training Base for Cooperative Innovation in Basic Medicine (Guilin Medical University and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center), Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Portincasa P, Bonfrate L, Khalil M, Angelis MD, Calabrese FM, D’Amato M, Wang DQH, Di Ciaula A. Intestinal Barrier and Permeability in Health, Obesity and NAFLD. Biomedicines 2021; 10:83. [PMID: 35052763 PMCID: PMC8773010 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The largest surface of the human body exposed to the external environment is the gut. At this level, the intestinal barrier includes luminal microbes, the mucin layer, gastrointestinal motility and secretion, enterocytes, immune cells, gut vascular barrier, and liver barrier. A healthy intestinal barrier is characterized by the selective permeability of nutrients, metabolites, water, and bacterial products, and processes are governed by cellular, neural, immune, and hormonal factors. Disrupted gut permeability (leaky gut syndrome) can represent a predisposing or aggravating condition in obesity and the metabolically associated liver steatosis (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD). In what follows, we describe the morphological-functional features of the intestinal barrier, the role of major modifiers of the intestinal barrier, and discuss the recent evidence pointing to the key role of intestinal permeability in obesity/NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.B.); (M.K.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.B.); (M.K.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.B.); (M.K.); (A.D.C.)
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.D.A.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.D.A.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Francesco Maria Calabrese
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.D.A.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Mauro D’Amato
- Gastrointestinal Genetics Lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA, 48160 Derio, Spain;
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - David Q.-H. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.B.); (M.K.); (A.D.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Supplementation of Bile Acids and Lipase in Broiler Diets for Better Nutrient Utilization and Performance: Potential Effects and Future Implications – A Review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2020-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Bile acids are used for better emulsification, digestion and absorption of dietary fat in chicken, especially in early life. Similarly, exogenous lipases have also been used for the improvement of physiological limitation of the chicken digestive system. Owing to potential of both bile acids and lipases, their use has been increased in recent years, for better emulsification of dietary fat and improvement of growth performance in broilers. In the past, pancreatic lipases were used for supplementation, but recently, microbial lipase is getting attention in poultry industry as a hydrolysis catalyst. Bile acids strengthen the defence mechanism of body against bacterial endotoxins and also play a key role in lipid regulation and sugar metabolism as signaling molecules. It has been demonstrated that bile acids and lipases may improve feed efficiency by enhancing digestive enzyme activity and ultimately leading to better fat digestion and absorption. Wide supplemental range of bile acids (0.004% to 0.25%) and lipases (0.01% to 0.1%) has been used in broiler diets for improvement of fat digestibility and their performance. Combinations of different bile acids have shown more potential to improve feed efficiency (by 7.14%) even at low (0.008%) levels as compared to any individual bile acid. Lipases at a lower level of 0.03% have exhibited more promising potential to improve fat digestibility and feed efficiency. However, contradicting results have been published in literature, which needs further investigations to elucidate various nutritional aspects of bile acids and lipase supplementation in broiler diet. This review focuses on providing insight on the mechanism of action and potential application of bile acids and lipases in broiler diets. Moreover, future implications of these additives in poultry nutrition for enhancing nutrient utilization and absorption are also discussed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Nguyen JT, Riessen R, Zhang T, Kieffer C, Anakk S. Deletion of Intestinal SHP Impairs Short-term Response to Cholic Acid Challenge in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6189092. [PMID: 33769482 PMCID: PMC8256632 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Small heterodimer partner (SHP) is a crucial regulator of bile acid (BA) transport and synthesis; however, its intestine-specific role is not fully understood. Here, we report that male intestine-specific Shp knockout (IShpKO) mice exhibit higher intestinal BA but not hepatic or serum BA levels compared with the f/f Shp animals when challenged with an acute (5-day) 1% cholic acid (CA) diet. We also found that BA synthetic genes Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1 are not repressed to the same extent in IShpKO compared with control mice post-CA challenge. Loss of intestinal SHP did not alter Fxrα messenger RNA (mRNA) but increased Asbt (BA ileal uptake transporter) and Ostα (BA ileal efflux transporter) expression even under chow-fed conditions. Surprisingly, the acute CA diet in IShpKO did not elicit the expected induction of Fgf15 but was able to maintain the suppression of Asbt, and Ostα/β mRNA levels. At the protein level, apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) was downregulated, while organic solute transporter-α/β (OSTα/β) expression was induced and maintained regardless of diet. Examination of ileal histology in IShpKO mice challenged with acute CA diet revealed reduced villi length and goblet cell numbers. However, no difference in villi length, and the expression of BA regulator and transporter genes, was seen between f/f Shp and IShpKO animals after a chronic (14-day) CA diet, suggesting a potential adaptive response. We found the upregulation of the Pparα-Ugt axis after 14 days of CA diet may reduce the BA burden and compensate for the ileal SHP function. Thus, our study reveals that ileal SHP expression contributes to both overall intestinal structure and BA homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James T Nguyen
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ryan Riessen
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Tongyu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Collin Kieffer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Correspondence:Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk, Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 450 Medical Science Building, 506 South Matthews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu F, Zhu X, Jiang X, Li S, Lv Y. Transcriptional control by HNF-1: Emerging evidence showing its role in lipid metabolism and lipid metabolism disorders. Genes Dis 2021; 9:1248-1257. [PMID: 35873023 PMCID: PMC9293700 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review focuses on the roles and underlying mechanisms of action of hepatic nuclear factor-1 (HNF-1) in lipid metabolism and the development of lipid metabolism disorders. HNF-1 is a transcriptional regulator that can form homodimers, and the HNF-1α and HNF-1β isomers can form heterodimers. Both homo- and heterodimers recognize and bind to specific cis-acting elements in gene promoters to transactivate transcription and to coordinate the expression of target lipid-related genes, thereby influencing the homeostasis of lipid metabolism. HNF-1 was shown to restrain lipid anabolism, including synthesis, absorption, and storage, by inhibiting the expression of lipogenesis-related genes, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1/2 (SREBP-1/2). Moreover, HNF-1 enhances the expression of various genes, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), and suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3) and negatively regulates signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) to facilitate lipid catabolism in hepatocytes. HNF-1 reduces hepatocellular lipid decomposition, which alleviates the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). HNF-1 impairs preadipocyte differentiation to reduce the number of adipocytes, stunting the development of obesity. Furthermore, HNF-1 reduces free cholesterol levels in the plasma to inhibit aortic lipid deposition and lipid plaque formation, relieving dyslipidemia and preventing the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In summary, HNF-1 transcriptionally regulates lipid-related genes to manipulate intracorporeal balance of lipid metabolism and to suppress the development of lipid metabolism disorders.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kumar S, Vijayan R, Dash AK, Gourinath S, Tyagi RK. Nuclear receptor SHP dampens transcription function and abrogates mitotic chromatin association of PXR and ERα via intermolecular interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2021; 1864:194683. [PMID: 33444783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitosis is a cellular process that produces two identical progenies. Genome-wide transcription is believed to be silenced during mitosis. However, some transcription factors have been reported to associate with the mitotic chromatin to uphold a role in 'gene-bookmarking'. Here, we investigated the dynamic role of nuclear receptor SHP during cell cycle, and observed intermolecular interactions with PXR and ERα. This was reflected in altered subcellular localization, transcription function and mitotic chromatin behavior of these receptors. Subsequently, by in silico and live cell imaging approaches we identified the minimal domain(s) and crucial amino-acid residues required for such receptor-receptor interactions. It was apparent that both PXR/ERα interact with SHP to translocate cytoplasmic RFP-tagged SHP into the nucleus. In addition, during mitosis SHP interacted with some of the key nuclear receptors, altering partners, as well as, its own relationship with mitotic chromatin. SHP displaced a major fraction of PXR and ERα from the mitotic chromatin while promoted its own weak association reflected in its binding. Since SHP lacks DBD this association is attributed to receptor-receptor interactions rather than SHP-DNA interactions. The abrogation of PXR and ERα from the mitotic chromatin by SHP implies potential implications in regulation of gene bookmarking events in cellular development. Overall, it is concluded that intermolecular interactions between SHP and partner PXR/ERα result in attenuation of target promoter activities. It is proposed that SHP may act as an indirect physiological regulator and functions in a hog-tie manner by displacing the interacting transcription factor from gene regulatory sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kumar
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | | - Amit K Dash
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Samudrala Gourinath
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rakesh K Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Portincasa P, Di Ciaula A, Garruti G, Vacca M, De Angelis M, Wang DQH. Bile Acids and GPBAR-1: Dynamic Interaction Involving Genes, Environment and Gut Microbiome. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3709. [PMID: 33266235 PMCID: PMC7760347 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BA) are amphiphilic molecules synthesized in the liver from cholesterol. BA undergo continuous enterohepatic recycling through intestinal biotransformation by gut microbiome and reabsorption into the portal tract for uptake by hepatocytes. BA are detergent molecules aiding the digestion and absorption of dietary fat and fat-soluble vitamins, but also act as important signaling molecules via the nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and the membrane-associated G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR-1) in the distal intestine, liver and extra hepatic tissues. The hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of the BA pool is finely regulated to prevent BA overload and liver injury. By contrast, hydrophilic BA can be hepatoprotective. The ultimate effects of BA-mediated activation of GPBAR-1 is poorly understood, but this receptor may play a role in protecting the remnant liver and in maintaining biliary homeostasis. In addition, GPBAR-1 acts on pathways involved in inflammation, biliary epithelial barrier permeability, BA pool hydrophobicity, and sinusoidal blood flow. Recent evidence suggests that environmental factors influence GPBAR-1 gene expression. Thus, targeting GPBAR-1 might improve liver protection, facilitating beneficial metabolic effects through primary prevention measures. Here, we discuss the complex pathways linked to BA effects, signaling properties of the GPBAR-1, mechanisms of liver damage, gene-environment interactions, and therapeutic aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Mirco Vacca
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, Della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, Della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (M.D.A.)
| | - David Q.-H. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Di Ciaula A, Baj J, Garruti G, Celano G, De Angelis M, Wang HH, Di Palo DM, Bonfrate L, Wang DQH, Portincasa P. Liver Steatosis, Gut-Liver Axis, Microbiome and Environmental Factors. A Never-Ending Bidirectional Cross-Talk. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2648. [PMID: 32823983 PMCID: PMC7465294 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide and parallels comorbidities such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Recent studies describe the presence of NAFLD in non-obese individuals, with mechanisms partially independent from excessive caloric intake. Increasing evidences, in particular, point towards a close interaction between dietary and environmental factors (including food contaminants), gut, blood flow, and liver metabolism, with pathways involving intestinal permeability, the composition of gut microbiota, bacterial products, immunity, local, and systemic inflammation. These factors play a critical role in the maintenance of intestinal, liver, and metabolic homeostasis. An anomalous or imbalanced gut microbial composition may favor an increased intestinal permeability, predisposing to portal translocation of microorganisms, microbial products, and cell wall components. These components form microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), with potentials to interact in the intestine lamina propria enriched in immune cells, and in the liver at the level of the immune cells, i.e., Kupffer cells and stellate cells. The resulting inflammatory environment ultimately leads to liver fibrosis with potentials to progression towards necrotic and fibrotic changes, cirrhosis. and hepatocellular carcinoma. By contrast, measures able to modulate the composition of gut microbiota and to preserve gut vascular barrier might prevent or reverse NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.C.); (D.M.D.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Celano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Helen H. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (H.H.W.); (D.Q.-H.W.)
| | - Domenica Maria Di Palo
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.C.); (D.M.D.P.); (L.B.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.C.); (D.M.D.P.); (L.B.)
| | - David Q-H Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (H.H.W.); (D.Q.-H.W.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.C.); (D.M.D.P.); (L.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cogburn LA, Trakooljul N, Chen C, Huang H, Wu CH, Carré W, Wang X, White HB. Transcriptional profiling of liver during the critical embryo-to-hatchling transition period in the chicken (Gallus gallus). BMC Genomics 2018; 19:695. [PMID: 30241500 PMCID: PMC6151027 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although hatching is perhaps the most abrupt and profound metabolic challenge that a chicken must undergo; there have been no attempts to functionally map the metabolic pathways induced in liver during the embryo-to-hatchling transition. Furthermore, we know very little about the metabolic and regulatory factors that regulate lipid metabolism in late embryos or newly-hatched chicks. In the present study, we examined hepatic transcriptomes of 12 embryos and 12 hatchling chicks during the peri-hatch period—or the metabolic switch from chorioallantoic to pulmonary respiration. Results Initial hierarchical clustering revealed two distinct, albeit opposing, patterns of hepatic gene expression. Cluster A genes are largely lipolytic and highly expressed in embryos. While, Cluster B genes are lipogenic/thermogenic and mainly controlled by the lipogenic transcription factor THRSPA. Using pairwise comparisons of embryo and hatchling ages, we found 1272 genes that were differentially expressed between embryos and hatchling chicks, including 24 transcription factors and 284 genes that regulate lipid metabolism. The three most differentially-expressed transcripts found in liver of embryos were MOGAT1, DIO3 and PDK4, whereas THRSPA, FASN and DIO2 were highest in hatchlings. An unusual finding was the “ectopic” and extremely high differentially expression of seven feather keratin transcripts in liver of 16 day embryos, which coincides with engorgement of liver with yolk lipids. Gene interaction networks show several transcription factors, transcriptional co-activators/co-inhibitors and their downstream genes that exert a ‘ying-yang’ action on lipid metabolism during the embryo-to-hatching transition. These upstream regulators include ligand-activated transcription factors, sirtuins and Kruppel-like factors. Conclusions Our genome-wide transcriptional analysis has greatly expanded the hepatic repertoire of regulatory and metabolic genes involved in the embryo-to-hatchling transition. New knowledge was gained on interactive transcriptional networks and metabolic pathways that enable the abrupt switch from ectothermy (embryo) to endothermy (hatchling) in the chicken. Several transcription factors and their coactivators/co-inhibitors appear to exert opposing actions on lipid metabolism, leading to the predominance of lipolysis in embryos and lipogenesis in hatchlings. Our analysis of hepatic transcriptomes has enabled discovery of opposing, interconnected and interdependent transcriptional regulators that provide precise ying-yang or homeorhetic regulation of lipid metabolism during the critical embryo-to-hatchling transition. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5080-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larry A Cogburn
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.,Present Address: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Chuming Chen
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Hongzhan Huang
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Cathy H Wu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Wilfrid Carré
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU Pontchaillou, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, USA
| | - Harold B White
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Khorasani M, Teimoori-Toolabi L, Farivar TN, Asgari M, Abolhasani M, Shahrokh H, Afgar A, Kalantari E, Peymani A, Mahdian R. Aberrant expression of miR-141 and nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner in clinical samples of prostate cancer. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:19-28. [DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khorasani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | | | - Mojgan Asgari
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolhasani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahrokh
- Department of Uro-oncology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Afgar
- Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Kalantari
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Peymani
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Reza Mahdian
- Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Conti B, Porcu C, Viscomi C, Minutolo A, Costantini S, Corazzari M, Iannucci G, Barbaro B, Balsano C. Small heterodimer partner 1 directly interacts with NS5A viral protein and has a key role in HCV related liver cell transformation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84575-84586. [PMID: 27661118 PMCID: PMC5356682 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HCV life cycle is strictly correlated with the hepatocyte lipid metabolism; moreover, the progression of HCV chronic hepatitis is accelerated by the presence of liver steatosis. Among the steatogenic genes deregulated during the HCV infection one of the most attractive is the Small Heterodimer Protein 1 (SHP1; NR0B2), that is involved in a remarkable number of metabolic functions. HCV NS5A is an essential and integral component of the HCV membranous-web replicon complex (RC) and plays an essential role to transfer the viral genome from the RCs to the surface of the lipid droplets (LDs) that, in turn, play a key function during HCV life cycle. With the help of a HCV infection model, we demonstrate a functional interaction between SHP1 and HCV NS5A protein. SHP1 silencing (siSHP1) reversed the pro-oncogenic effects of HCV infection, inducing a significant decrease in liver lipid accumulation and in NS5A protein expression. Moreover, siSHP1 causes a strong modulation of some genes involved in HCV-related EMT, such as: HNF4, a central regulators of hepatocyte differentiation, E-Cadherin, SNAILs. Our data suggest that SHP1 results not only to be strictly connected to the pathogenesis of HCV-related liver steatosis, but also to its progression towards the liver transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Conti
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncoloy, Francesco Balsano Foundation, ex A. Cesalpino Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Porcu
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Pathology (IBPM) - CNR (National Research Council), Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Viscomi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncoloy, Francesco Balsano Foundation, ex A. Cesalpino Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Minutolo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncoloy, Francesco Balsano Foundation, ex A. Cesalpino Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Susan Costantini
- CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G.Pascale", IRCSS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Corazzari
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Gino Iannucci
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncoloy, Francesco Balsano Foundation, ex A. Cesalpino Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Barbaro
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Pathology (IBPM) - CNR (National Research Council), Rome, Italy
| | - Clara Balsano
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncoloy, Francesco Balsano Foundation, ex A. Cesalpino Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Biology and Molecular Pathology (IBPM) - CNR (National Research Council), Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The high prevalence of cholesterol gallstones, the availability of new information about pathogenesis, and the relevant health costs due to the management of cholelithiasis in both children and adults contribute to a growing interest in this disease. From an epidemiologic point of view, the risk of gallstones has been associated with higher risk of incident ischemic heart disease, total mortality, and disease-specific mortality (including cancer) independently from the presence of traditional risk factors such as body weight, lifestyle, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. This evidence points to the existence of complex pathogenic pathways linking the occurrence of gallstones to altered systemic homeostasis involving multiple organs and dynamics. In fact, the formation of gallstones is secondary to local factors strictly dependent on the gallbladder (that is, impaired smooth muscle function, wall inflammation, and intraluminal mucin accumulation) and bile (that is, supersaturation in cholesterol and precipitation of solid crystals) but also to "extra-gallbladder" features such as gene polymorphism, epigenetic factors, expression and activity of nuclear receptors, hormonal factors (in particular, insulin resistance), multi-level alterations in cholesterol metabolism, altered intestinal motility, and variations in gut microbiota. Of note, the majority of these factors are potentially manageable. Thus, cholelithiasis appears as the expression of systemic unbalances that, besides the classic therapeutic approaches to patients with clinical evidence of symptomatic disease or complications (surgery and, in a small subgroup of subjects, oral litholysis with bile acids), could be managed with tools oriented to primary prevention (changes in diet and lifestyle and pharmacologic prevention in subgroups at high risk), and there could be relevant implications in reducing both prevalence and health costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Division of Internal Medicine - Hospital of Bisceglie, ASL BAT, Bisceglie, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Garruti G, Di Ciaula A, Wang HH, Wang DQH, Portincasa P. Cross-Talk Between Bile Acids and Gastro-Intestinal and Thermogenic Hormones: Clues from Bariatric Surgery. Ann Hepatol 2017; 16:s68-s82. [PMID: 29080342 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.5499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is rapidly increasing and has reached epidemic features worldwide. It´s linked to insulin resistance, systemic low-grade inflammation and common pathogenic pathways with a number of comorbidities (including cancer), leading to high mortality rates. Besides change of lifestyles (diet and physical exercise) and pharmacological therapy, bariatric surgery is able to rapidly improve several metabolic and morphologic features associated with excessive fat storage, and currently represents an in vivo model to study the pathogenic mechanisms underlying obesity and obesity-related complications. Studies on obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery find that the effects of surgery are not simply secondary to gastric mechanical restriction and malabsorption which induce body weight loss. In fact, some surgical procedures positively modify key pathways involving the intestine, bile acids, receptor signaling, gut microbiota, hormones and thermogenesis, leading to systemic metabolic changes. Furthermore, bariatric surgery represents a suitable model to evaluate the gene-environment interaction and some epigenetic mechanisms linking obesity and insulin resistance to metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Garruti
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Helen H Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - David Q-H Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Di Ciaula A, Garruti G, Lunardi Baccetto R, Molina-Molina E, Bonfrate L, Wang DQH, Portincasa P. Bile Acid Physiology. Ann Hepatol 2017; 16:s4-s14. [PMID: 29080336 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.5493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The primary bile acids (BAs) are synthetized from colesterol in the liver, conjugated to glycine or taurine to increase their solubility, secreted into bile, concentrated in the gallbladder during fasting, and expelled in the intestine in response to dietary fat, as well as bio-transformed in the colon to the secondary BAs by the gut microbiota, reabsorbed in the ileum and colon back to the liver, and minimally lost in the feces. BAs in the intestine not only regulate the digestion and absorption of cholesterol, triglycerides, and fat-soluble vitamins, but also play a key role as signaling molecules in modulating epithelial cell proliferation, gene expression, and lipid and glucose metabolism by activating farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1 (GPBAR-1, also known as TGR5) in the liver, intestine, muscle and brown adipose tissue. Recent studies have revealed the metabolic pathways of FXR and GPBAR-1 involved in the biosynthesis and enterohepatic circulation of BAs and their functions as signaling molecules on lipid and glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Raquel Lunardi Baccetto
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Emilio Molina-Molina
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - David Q-H Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Maguire M, Larsen MC, Foong YH, Tanumihardjo S, Jefcoate CR. Cyp1b1 deletion and retinol deficiency coordinately suppress mouse liver lipogenic genes and hepcidin expression during post-natal development. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 454:50-68. [PMID: 28583802 PMCID: PMC5985816 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cyp1b1 deletion and gestational vitamin A deficiency (GVAD) redirect adult liver gene expression. A matched sufficient pre- and post-natal diet, which has high carbohydrate and normal iron content (LF12), increased inflammatory gene expression markers in adult livers that were suppressed by GVAD and Cyp1b1 deletion. At birth on the LF12 diet, Cyp1b1 deletion and GVAD each suppress liver expression of the iron suppressor, hepcidin (Hepc), while increasing stellate cell activation markers and suppressing post-natal increases in lipogenesis. Hepc was less suppressed in Cyp1b1-/- pups with a standard breeder diet, but was restored by iron supplementation of the LF12 diet. CONCLUSIONS The LF12 diet delivered low post-natal iron and attenuated Hepc. Hepc decreases in Cyp1b1-/- and GVAD mice resulted in stellate activation and lipogenesis suppression. Endothelial BMP6, a Hepc stimulant, is a potential coordinator and Cyp1b1 target. These neonatal changes in Cyp1b1-/- mice link to diminished adult obesity and liver inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Maguire
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Michele Campaigne Larsen
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Yee Hoon Foong
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Sherry Tanumihardjo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Colin R Jefcoate
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Moon Y, Park B, Park H. Hypoxic repression of CYP7A1 through a HIF-1α- and SHP-independent mechanism. BMB Rep 2017; 49:173-8. [PMID: 26521940 PMCID: PMC4915232 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.3.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cells experience hypoxic stress when drug-metabolizing enzymes excessively consume O2 for hydroxylation. Hypoxic stress changes the transcription of several genes by activating a heterodimeric transcription factor called hypoxia-inducible factor- 1α/β (HIF-1α/β). We found that hypoxic stress (0.1% O2) decreased the expression of cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1), a rate-limiting enzyme involved in bile acid biosynthesis. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), a major component of bile acids, represses CYP7A1 by activating a transcriptional repressor named small heterodimer partner (SHP). We observed that hypoxia decreased the levels of both CDCA and SHP, suggesting that hypoxia repressed CYP7A1 without inducing SHP. The finding that overexpression of HIF-1α increased the activity of the CYP7A1 promoter suggested that hypoxia decreased the expression of CYP7A1 in a HIF-1-independent manner. Thus, the results of this study suggested that hypoxia decreased the activity of CYP7A1 by limiting its substrate O2, and by decreasing the transcription of CYP7A1. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(3): 173-178].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunwon Moon
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
| | - Bongju Park
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
| | - Hyunsung Park
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zou A, Lehn S, Magee N, Zhang Y. New Insights into Orphan Nuclear Receptor SHP in Liver Cancer. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2015; 2. [PMID: 26504773 PMCID: PMC4618403 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heterodimer partner (SHP; NR0B2) is a unique orphan nuclear receptor (NR) that contains a putative ligand-binding domain but lacks a DNA-binding domain. SHP is a transcriptional corepressor affecting diverse metabolic processes including bile acid synthesis, cholesterol and lipid metabolism, glucose and energy homeostasis, and reproductive biology via interaction with multiple NRs and transcriptional factors (TFs). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly human cancers worldwide with few therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Recently, it is becoming clear that SHP plays an antitumor role in the development of liver cancer. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings regarding the new SHP interaction partners, new structural insights into SHP’s gene repressing activity, and SHP protein posttranslational modifications by bile acids. We also discuss the pleiotropic role of SHP in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA methylation, and inflammation that are related to antitumor role of SHP in HCC. Improving our understanding of SHP’s antitumor role in the development of liver cancer will provide new insights into developing novel treatments or prevention strategies. Future research will focus on developing more efficacious and specific synthetic SHP ligands for pharmaceutical applications in liver cancer and several metabolic diseases such as hypercholesterolemia, obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sarah Lehn
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Nancy Magee
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang CS, Kim JJ, Kim TS, Lee PY, Kim SY, Lee HM, Shin DM, Nguyen LT, Lee MS, Jin HS, Kim KK, Lee CH, Kim MH, Park SG, Kim JM, Choi HS, Jo EK. Small heterodimer partner interacts with NLRP3 and negatively regulates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6115. [PMID: 25655831 PMCID: PMC4347017 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome results in damaging inflammation, yet the regulators of this process remain poorly defined. Herein, we show that the orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP) is a negative regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. NLRP3 inflammasome activation leads to an interaction between SHP and NLRP3, proteins that are both recruited to mitochondria. Overexpression of SHP competitively inhibits binding of NLRP3 to apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC). SHP deficiency results in increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and excessive pathologic responses typically observed in mouse models of kidney tubular necrosis and peritoneal gout. Notably, the loss of SHP results in accumulation of damaged mitochondria and a sustained interaction between NLRP3 and ASC in the endoplasmic reticulum. These data are suggestive of a role for SHP in controlling NLRP3 inflammasome activation through a mechanism involving interaction with NLRP3 and maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Su Yang
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [3] Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea
| | - Jwa-Jin Kim
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [3] Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 302-718, South Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea
| | - Phil Young Lee
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Lee
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea
| | - Dong-Min Shin
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea
| | - Loi T Nguyen
- Infection and Immunity Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea
| | - Moo-Seung Lee
- Infection and Immunity Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Jin
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Kyu Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon 300-716, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Infection and Immunity Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea
| | - Sung Goo Park
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- 1] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2]
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea [2] Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Benet M, Guzmán C, Pisonero-Vaquero S, García-Mediavilla MV, Sánchez-Campos S, Martínez-Chantar ML, Donato MT, Castell JV, Jover R. Repression of the nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner by steatotic drugs and in advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 87:582-94. [PMID: 25576488 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.096313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The small heterodimer partner (SHP) (NR0B2) is an atypical nuclear receptor that lacks a DNA-binding domain. It interacts with and inhibits many transcription factors, affecting key metabolic processes, including bile acid, cholesterol, fatty acid, and drug metabolism. Our aim was to determine the influence of steatotic drugs and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on SHP expression and investigate the potential mechanisms. SHP was found to be repressed by steatotic drugs (valproate, doxycycline, tetracycline, and cyclosporin A) in cultured hepatic cells and the livers of different animal models of NAFLD: iatrogenic (tetracycline-treated rats), genetic (glycine N-methyltransferase-deficient mice), and nutritional (mice fed a methionine- and choline-deficient diet). Among the different transcription factors investigated, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) showed the strongest dominant-repressive effect on SHP expression in HepG2 and human hepatocytes. Reporter assays revealed that the inhibitory effect of C/EBPα and steatotic drugs colocalize between -340 and -509 base pair of the SHP promoter, and mutation of a predicted C/EBPα response element at -473 base pair abolished SHP repression by both C/EBPα and drugs. Moreover, inhibition of major stress signaling pathways demonstrated that the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 pathway activates, while the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase pathway represses SHP in a C/EBP-dependent manner. We conclude that SHP is downregulated by several steatotic drugs and in advanced NAFLD. These conditions can activate signals that target C/EBPα and consequently repress SHP, thus favoring the progression and severity of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Benet
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| | - Carla Guzmán
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| | - Sandra Pisonero-Vaquero
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| | - M Victoria García-Mediavilla
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Campos
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| | - M Luz Martínez-Chantar
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| | - M Teresa Donato
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| | - José Vicente Castell
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| | - Ramiro Jover
- Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia (M.B., C.G., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona (M.B., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C., M.L.M.-C., M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León (S.P.-V., M.V.G.-M., S.S.-C.); CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio (M.L.M.-C.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.T.D., J.V.C., R.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nam YS, Kim Y, Joung H, Kwon DH, Choe N, Min HK, Kim YS, Kim HS, Kim DK, Cho YK, Kim YH, Nam KI, Choi HC, Park DH, Suk K, Lee IK, Ahn Y, Lee CH, Choi HS, Eom GH, Kook H. Small heterodimer partner blocks cardiac hypertrophy by interfering with GATA6 signaling. Circ Res 2014; 115:493-503. [PMID: 25015078 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.304388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Small heterodimer partner (SHP; NR0B2) is an atypical orphan nuclear receptor that lacks a conventional DNA-binding domain. Through interactions with other transcription factors, SHP regulates diverse biological events, including glucose metabolism in liver. However, the role of SHP in adult heart diseases has not yet been demonstrated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the role of SHP in adult heart in association with cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS The roles of SHP in cardiac hypertrophy were tested in primary cultured cardiomyocytes and in animal models. SHP-null mice showed a hypertrophic phenotype. Hypertrophic stresses repressed the expression of SHP, whereas forced expression of SHP blocked the development of hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes. SHP reduced the protein amount of Gata6 and, by direct physical interaction with Gata6, interfered with the binding of Gata6 to GATA-binding elements in the promoter regions of natriuretic peptide precursor type A. Metformin, an antidiabetic agent, induced SHP and suppressed cardiac hypertrophy. The metformin-induced antihypertrophic effect was attenuated either by SHP small interfering RNA in cardiomyocytes or in SHP-null mice. CONCLUSIONS These results establish SHP as a novel antihypertrophic regulator that acts by interfering with GATA6 signaling. SHP may participate in the metformin-induced antihypertrophic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Seok Nam
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Yoojung Kim
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Hosouk Joung
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Duk-Hwa Kwon
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Nakwon Choe
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Hyun-Ki Min
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Yong Sook Kim
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Hyung-Seok Kim
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Young Kuk Cho
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Kwang-Il Nam
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Hyoung Chul Choi
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Dong Ho Park
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Gwang Hyeon Eom
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.)
| | - Hyun Kook
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation (Y.S.N., Y.K., H.J., D.-H.K., N.C., H.-K.M., G.H.E., H.K.), Forensic Medicine (H.-S.K.), and Anatomy (K.-I.N.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea (H.C.C.); Departments of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute (K.S.), and Ophthalmology (D.H.P.), Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Departments of Cardiology (Y.S.K., Y.A.) and Pediatrics (Y.K.C.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (D.-K.K., H.-S.C.); and Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (Y.-H.K., C.-H.L.).
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Romagnolo DF, Zempleni J, Selmin OI. Nuclear receptors and epigenetic regulation: opportunities for nutritional targeting and disease prevention. Adv Nutr 2014; 5:373-85. [PMID: 25022987 PMCID: PMC4085186 DOI: 10.3945/an.114.005868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications of histones, alterations in the recruitment and functions of non-histone proteins, DNA methylation, and changes in expression of noncoding RNAs contribute to current models of epigenetic regulation. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a group of transcription factors that, through ligand-binding, act as sensors to changes in nutritional, environmental, developmental, pathophysiologic, and endocrine conditions and drive adaptive responses via gene regulation. One mechanism through which NRs direct gene expression is the assembly of transcription complexes with cofactors and coregulators that possess chromatin-modifying properties. Chromatin modifications can be transient or become part of the cellular "memory" and contribute to genomic imprinting. Because many food components bind to NRs, they can ultimately influence transcription of genes associated with biologic processes, such as inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis, and hormonal response, and alter the susceptibility to chronic diseases (e.g., cancer, diabetes, obesity). The objective of this review is to highlight how NRs influence epigenetic regulation and the relevance of dietary compound-NR interactions in human nutrition and for disease prevention and treatment. Identifying gene targets of unliganded and bound NRs may assist in the development of epigenetic maps for food components and dietary patterns. Progress in these areas may lead to the formulation of disease-prevention models based on epigenetic control by individual or associations of food ligands of NRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donato F Romagnolo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; and
| | - Janos Zempleni
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Ornella I Selmin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; and
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Köhler A, Demir Ü, Kickstein E, Krauss S, Aigner J, Aranda-Orgillés B, Karagiannidis AI, Achmüller C, Bu H, Wunderlich A, Schweiger MR, Schaefer G, Schweiger S, Klocker H, Schneider R. A hormone-dependent feedback-loop controls androgen receptor levels by limiting MID1, a novel translation enhancer and promoter of oncogenic signaling. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:146. [PMID: 24913494 PMCID: PMC4074869 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High androgen receptor (AR) level in primary tumour predicts increased prostate cancer (PCa)-specific mortality. Furthermore, activations of the AR, PI3K, mTOR, NFκB and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways are involved in the fatal development of castration-resistant prostate cancer during androgen ablation therapy. MID1, a negative regulator of the tumor-suppressor PP2A, is known to promote PI3K, mTOR, NFκB and Hh signaling. Here we investigate the interaction of MID1 and AR. METHODS AR and MID1 mRNA and protein levels were measured by qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Co-immunoprecipitation followed by PCR and RNA-pull-down followed by Western blot was used to investigate protein-mRNA interaction, chromatin-immunoprecipitation followed by next-generation sequencing for identification of AR chromatin binding sites. AR transcriptional activity and activity of promoter binding sites for AR were analyzed by reporter gene assays. For knockdown or overexpression of proteins of interest prostate cancer cells were transfected with siRNA or expression plasmids, respectively. RESULTS The microtubule-associated MID1 protein complex associates with AR mRNA via purine-rich trinucleotide repeats, expansions of which are known to correlate with ataxia and cancer. The level of MID1 directly correlates with the AR protein level in PCa cells. Overexpression of MID1 results in a several fold increase in AR protein and activity without major changes in mRNA-levels, whereas siRNA-triggered knockdown of MID1 mRNA reduces AR-protein levels significantly. Upregulation of AR protein by MID1 occurs via increased translation as no major changes in AR protein stability could be observed. AR on the other hand, regulates MID1 via several functional AR binding sites in the MID1 gene, and, in the presence of androgens, exerts a negative feedback loop on MID1 transcription. Thus, androgen withdrawal increases MID1 and concomitantly AR-protein levels. In line with this, MID1 is significantly over-expressed in PCa in a stage-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Promotion of AR, in addition to enhancement of the Akt-, NFκB-, and Hh-pathways by sustained MID1-upregulation during androgen deprivation therapy provides a powerful proliferative scenario for PCa progression into castration resistance. Thus MID1 represents a novel, multi-faceted player in PCa and a promising target to treat castration resistant prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Köhler
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ümmühan Demir
- Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eva Kickstein
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sybille Krauss
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Present address: German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Biomedical Center (BMZ1), Building 344, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Johanna Aigner
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Antonios I Karagiannidis
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens Achmüller
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Huajie Bu
- Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Wunderlich
- Institute of Vertebrate Genetics, Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal-Ruth Schweiger
- Institute of Vertebrate Genetics, Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Schaefer
- Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susann Schweiger
- Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Institute for Human Genetics, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, DD1 9SY Dundee, UK
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rainer Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Characterization of the mitochondrial localization of the nuclear receptor SHP and regulation of its subcellular distribution by interaction with Bcl2 and HNF4α. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68491. [PMID: 23874642 PMCID: PMC3706418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner SHP was shown recently to translocate to the mitochondria, interact with Bcl2, and induce apoptosis in liver cancer cells. However, the exact mitochondrial localization of SHP remains to be determined. In addition, the detailed interaction domains between SHP and Bcl2 have not been characterized. Using biochemistry and molecular biology approaches, we demonstrate that SHP is localized to the mitochondrial outer membrane. Interestingly, compared with the full-length SHP, the N-terminal deleted protein exhibits increased expression in the mitochondria and decreased expression in the nucleus. GST pull-down assays demonstrate that the interaction domain of SHP shows the strongest interaction with Bcl2. Furthermore, the interaction of Bcl2 with SHP is completely abolished by deletion of the Bcl2 transmembrane domain (TM), whereas deletion of the Bcl2 BH1 domain enhances the interaction. As expected, AHPN, a synthetic SHP ligand, markedly augments the direct protein-protein interaction between Bcl2 and SHP. Ectopic expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) results in exclusive nuclear translocation of SHP proteins that contain either the full-length or the N-terminal domain, but has a minimal effect on the subcellular distribution of SHP protein containing only the interaction domain or repression domain. These results indicate that the N-terminal domain of SHP is important for itsnuclear translocation via HNF4α. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the domains of SHP that are critical for its shutting between different subcellular compartments.
Collapse
|
31
|
Yang CS, Yuk JM, Kim JJ, Hwang JH, Lee CH, Kim JM, Oh GT, Choi HS, Jo EK. Small heterodimer partner-targeting therapy inhibits systemic inflammatory responses through mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63435. [PMID: 23704907 PMCID: PMC3660347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The orphan nuclear receptor, small heterodimer partner (SHP), appears to play a negative regulatory role in innate immune signaling. Emerging evidence warrants further study on the therapeutic targeting of SHP to suppress excessive and deleterious inflammation. Here we show that fenofibrate, which targets SHP, is required for inhibiting systemic inflammation via mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). In vivo administration of fenofibrate ameliorated systemic inflammatory responses and increased survival upon experimental sepsis through SHP. An abundance of SHP was observed in mice fed fenofibrate and in cultured macrophages through LKB1-dependent activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Fenofibrate significantly blocked endotoxin-triggered inflammatory signaling responses via SHP, but not via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α. In addition to the known mechanism by which SHP modulates innate signaling, we identify a new role of fenofibrate-induced SHP on UCP2 induction, which is required for the suppression of inflammatory responses through modulation of mitochondrial ROS production. These data strongly suggest that the SHP-inducing drug fenofibrate paves the way for novel therapies for systemic inflammation by targeting SHP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Su Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
| | - Jae-Min Yuk
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
| | - Jwa-Jin Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, S. Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, S. Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, S. Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, S. Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, S. Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|