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Gayatri V, Krishna Prasad M, Mohandas S, Nagarajan S, Kumaran K, Ramkumar KM. Crosstalk between inflammasomes, inflammation, and Nrf2: Implications for gestational diabetes mellitus pathogenesis and therapeutics. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176241. [PMID: 38043778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of inflammasomes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has emerged as a critical area of research in recent years. Inflammasomes, key components of the innate immune system, are now recognized for their involvement in the pathogenesis of GDM. Activation of inflammasomes in response to various triggers during pregnancy can produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), contributing to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. This dysregulation not only impacts maternal health but also poses significant risks to fetal development and long-term health outcomes. Understanding the intricate interplay between inflammasomes and GDM holds promise for developing novel therapeutic strategies and interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of this condition on both mothers and their offspring. Researchers have elucidated that targeting inflammasomes using anti-inflammatory drugs and compounds can effectively reduce inflammation in GDM. Furthermore, the addition of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to this complex mechanism opens novel avenues for therapeutics. The antioxidant properties of Nrf2 may potentially suppress inflammasome activation in GDM. This comprehensive review investigates the intricate relationship between inflammasomes and GDM, emphasizing the pivotal role of inflammation in its pathogenesis. It also sheds light on potential therapeutic strategies targeting inflammasome activation and explores the role of Nrf2 in mitigating inflammation in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Gayatri
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murali Krishna Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjushree Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kriya Kumaran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Zhu Y, Liu X, Xu Y, Lin Y. Hyperglycemia disturbs trophoblast functions and subsequently leads to failure of uterine spiral artery remodeling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1060253. [PMID: 37091848 PMCID: PMC10113679 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1060253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine spiral artery remodeling is necessary for fetal growth and development as well as pregnancy outcomes. During remodeling, trophoblasts invade the arteries, replace the endothelium and disrupt the vascular smooth muscle, and are strictly regulated by the local microenvironment. Elevated glucose levels at the fetal-maternal interface are associated with disorganized placental villi and poor placental blood flow. Hyperglycemia disturbs trophoblast proliferation and invasion via inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, altering the protein expression of related proteases (MMP9, MMP2, and uPA) and angiogenic factors (VEGF, PIGF). Besides, hyperglycemia influences the cellular crosstalk between immune cells, trophoblast, and vascular cells, leading to the failure of spiral artery remodeling. This review provides insight into molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of hyperglycemia that influence trophoblast functions and uterine spiral artery remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichi Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Lin,
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Najafi L, Honardoost M, Khajavi A, Cheraghi S, Kadivar M, Khamseh ME. The association of umbilical coiling and angiogenesis markers: Impact assessment of gestational diabetes. Placenta 2022; 129:70-76. [PMID: 36252320 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the postnatal umbilical coiling index (pUCI) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and its receptor (VEGFR2) in parturients with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS Within 24 h following birth, the umbilical cord and pUCI of 29 newborns with GDM and 28 neonates with non-GDM parturients were prospectively examined. Real-time PCR tests were used to determine the expression levels of the VEGFA and VEGFR2 genes, measured from the umbilical cord. The Mann-Whitney and Chi-squared tests were used to compare continuous and discrete variables with and without GDM. RESULTS The median (IQR) of maternal age was 30 (26-34) years. There were no differences in demographic features between GDM and non-GDM parturients. While there was a marginal difference in VEGFA expression levels between the GDM and non-GDM groups (P-values = 0.07), no difference was detected for VEGFR2 (P-values = 0.75). Comparing hyper- and hypocoiling cords revealed a small difference in VEGFA levels (P-values = 0.05), but no change in VEGFR2 (P-values = 0.50). Furthermore, in both GDM and non-GDM parturients, down-regulated VEGFA was the general rule among abnormal pUCIs. DISCUSSION The GDM and coiling state both are associated with the amount of VEGFA expression, but neither is related to VEGFR2. Furthermore, regardless of whether the patient has GDM or not, the abnormal coiling pattern appears to be related to the VEGFA down-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laily Najafi
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Honardoost
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Khajavi
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Cheraghi
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Kadivar
- Department of Pathology, Hazrat-e- Rasool Akram General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad E Khamseh
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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da Silva Pereira MM, de Melo IMF, Braga VAÁ, Teixeira ÁAC, Wanderley-Teixeira V. Effect of swimming exercise, insulin-associated or not, on inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, and collagen in diabetic rat placentas. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 157:467-479. [PMID: 35022821 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise is an important therapeutic agent for women with diabetes during gestation. However, its histophysiological consequences for the placenta remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the expression of VEGF-A, IL1ß, TNFα, and type I collagen in the placentas of diabetic rats subjected to a swimming program. Thirty rats were divided into the following groups: CG, pregnant nondiabetic rats; CEG, nondiabetic pregnant rats subjected to swimming; DG, pregnant diabetic rats; DEG, pregnant diabetic rats subjected to swimming; DIG, pregnant diabetic rats treated with insulin; DIEG, pregnant diabetic rats treated with insulin and subjected to swimming. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin [50 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)], and insulin was administered at a dose of 5 U/day i.p. (2 U at 10 am and 3 U at 7 pm) in the DIG group; in the DIEG group, insulin was administered at a dose of only 2 U/day at 7 pm. The rats were sacrificed on the 20th day of gestation. There was an increase in the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, VEGF-A, and type I collagen and a higher apoptotic index in the placentas of the DG and DEG groups, but there was a reduction in glycemia in the latter group. In the DIG and DIEG groups, the levels remained similar to those of the control; however, in these groups the reduction was more significant for all analyzed parameters. Therefore, in rats induced to diabetes during pregnancy, swimming, although reducing glycemic levels, did not prevent immunohistochemical changes in the placenta, suggesting the need for a multidisciplinary protocol associated with traditional pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Maria da Silva Pereira
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Ismaela Maria Ferreira de Melo
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Valeska Andrea Ático Braga
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Aguiar Coelho Teixeira
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Valéria Wanderley-Teixeira
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
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Nergiz Avcıoğlu S, Demircan Sezer S, Altınkaya SÖ. Circulating s-Endoglin concentrations in non-obese patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:1126-1131. [PMID: 34994287 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2021.2012436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare maternal concentrations of soluble Endodlin (s-Endoglin) in women with gestational diabetes (GDM) and women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) in pregnancy. Also, the association of insulin resistance markers and s-Endoglin was investigated. Forty patients complicated by GDM and forty gestational age-matched healthy pregnant women with NGT were included in the present study. s-Endoglin level was higher in patients with GDM compared with the control group (p .01). Besides a positive correlation was found between s-Endoglin and fasting glucose (r = 0.206, p = .057), insulin (r = 0.302, p = .005), HbA1c (r = 0.376, p < .01), HOMA-IR values (r = 0.283, p = .008) in pregnant women included in the study. s-Endoglin, as an anti-angiogenic marker seemed to have a role in pathogenesis and significantly associated with insulin resistance markers in non-obese GDM, thus may play important roles in the regulation of glucose hemostasis.Impact StatementWhat is already known on this subject? In women with GDM, hyperglycaemia induced glycosylation products might cause oxidative stress that may be subsequently involved in the release of inflammatory mediators, inducing angiogenesisWhat the results of this study add? s-Endoglin has an anti-angiogenic effect and is a useful marker of endothelial injury, activation of inflammation, senescence and oxidative stress, we speculate that it may be involved in the pathogenesis of GDM.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? s-Endoglin seemed to have a role in the regulation of glucose hemostasis. Further exploration of novel factors like s-endoglin in the pathogenesis of GDM, is essential and valuable to develop new therapeutic strategies for this complex disease and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sümeyra Nergiz Avcıoğlu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydın, Türkiye
| | - Selda Demircan Sezer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydın, Türkiye
| | - Sündüz Özlem Altınkaya
- Department of Midwifery, Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aydın, Türkiye
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The angiogenic properties of human amniotic membrane stem cells are enhanced in gestational diabetes and associate with fetal adiposity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:608. [PMID: 34930438 PMCID: PMC8691045 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02678-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An environment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can modify the phenotype of stem cell populations differentially according to their placental localization, which can be useful to study the consequences for the fetus. We sought to explore the effect of intrauterine GDM exposure on the angiogenic properties of human amniotic membrane stem cells (hAMSCs). Methods We comprehensively characterized the angiogenic phenotype of hAMSCs isolated from 14 patients with GDM and 14 controls with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Maternal and fetal parameters were also recorded. Hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and palmitic acid were used to in vitro mimic a GDM-like pathology. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of protein function was used to investigate the molecular pathways underlying the angiogenic properties of hAMSCs isolated from women with GDM. Results Capillary tube formation assays revealed that GDM-hAMSCs produced a significantly higher number of nodes (P = 0.004), junctions (P = 0.002) and meshes (P < 0.001) than equivalent NGT-hAMSCs, concomitant with an increase in the gene/protein expression of FGFR2, TGFBR1, SERPINE1 and VEGFA. These latter changes were recapitulated in NGT-hAMSCs exposed to GDM-like conditions. Inhibition of the protein product of SERPINE1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI-1) suppressed the angiogenic properties of GDM-hAMSCs. Correlation analyses revealed that cord blood insulin levels in offspring strongly correlated with the number of nodes (r = 0.860; P = 0.001), junctions (r = 0.853; P = 0.002) and meshes (r = 0.816; P = 0.004) in tube formation assays. Finally, FGFR2 levels correlated positively with placental weight (r = 0.586; P = 0.028) and neonatal adiposity (r = 0.496; P = 0.014). Conclusions GDM exposure contributes to the angiogenic abilities of hAMSCs, which are further related to increased cord blood insulin and fetal adiposity. PAI-1 emerges as a potential key player of GDM-induced angiogenesis.
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Olmos-Ortiz A, Flores-Espinosa P, Díaz L, Velázquez P, Ramírez-Isarraraz C, Zaga-Clavellina V. Immunoendocrine Dysregulation during Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Central Role of the Placenta. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8087. [PMID: 34360849 PMCID: PMC8348825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a transitory metabolic condition caused by dysregulation triggered by intolerance to carbohydrates, dysfunction of beta-pancreatic and endothelial cells, and insulin resistance during pregnancy. However, this disease includes not only changes related to metabolic distress but also placental immunoendocrine adaptations, resulting in harmful effects to the mother and fetus. In this review, we focus on the placenta as an immuno-endocrine organ that can recognize and respond to the hyperglycemic environment. It synthesizes diverse chemicals that play a role in inflammation, innate defense, endocrine response, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis, all associated with different perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Olmos-Ortiz
- Departamento de Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes (INPer), Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; (A.O.-O.); (P.F.-E.)
| | - Pilar Flores-Espinosa
- Departamento de Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes (INPer), Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; (A.O.-O.); (P.F.-E.)
| | - Lorenza Díaz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico;
| | - Pilar Velázquez
- Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Ángeles México, Ciudad de México 11800, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Ramírez-Isarraraz
- Clínica de Urología Ginecológica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes (INPer), Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico;
| | - Verónica Zaga-Clavellina
- Departamento de Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes (INPer), Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
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Liu L, Zhang J, Liu Y. MicroRNA-1323 serves as a biomarker in gestational diabetes mellitus and aggravates high glucose-induced inhibition of trophoblast cell viability by suppressing TP53INP1. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:230. [PMID: 33603839 PMCID: PMC7851622 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) leads to poor pregnancy outcomes, and microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been suggested to be associated with GDM, but the pathological mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of miR-1323 in GDM patients and its effects on trophoblast cell viability. Additionally, the present study investigated the correlation between miR-1323 and TP53INP1 to understand the pathological mechanism of GDM progression. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the miR-1323 expression and TP53INP1 mRNA expression. The diagnostic value of serum miR-1323 was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo cells were treated with high glucose (HG) to construct cell models of GDM, and trophoblast cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. The protein expression of TP53INP1 was detected by western blot analysis. The correlation between miR-1323 and TP53INP1 was investigated by luciferase reporter assay. The miR-1323 expression was increased in patients with GDM, which had relatively high diagnostic accuracy for GDM screening and was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose in patients GDM. HG upregulated the miR-1323 expression and inhibited trophoblast cell viability. Overexpression of miR-1323 significantly inhibited the viability of HG-induced trophoblast cells. TP53INP1, a target gene of miR-1323, was negatively correlated with miR-1323. TP53INP1 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-1323 overexpression on the viability of HG-treated trophoblast cells. Increased levels of serum miR-1323 may be a diagnostic biomarker for GDM. Additionally, miR-1323 may inhibit trophoblast cell viability by inhibiting TP53INP1, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261011, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261011, P.R. China
| | - Yujuan Liu
- Department of Central Supply Room, Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261011, P.R. China
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Ono A, Benny P, Griffith M, Litton C, Lee MJ. Appropriate citation of placenta cell lines 3A(tPA-30-1) and 3A-sub E [post crisis of 3A(tPA-30-1)] in medical literature. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04759. [PMID: 33043158 PMCID: PMC7536373 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To determine how often placenta cell lines 3A (tPA-30-1) and 3A-sub E [post crisis of 3A (tPA-30-1)] are appropriately cited, or identified, as "term"-gestation placental cell lines in medical literature. Methods We performed a literature search on two databases, PubMed and One Search, using the terms "3A (tPA-30-1)," "3Asub-E," "3AsubE," "tPA-30-1," "tPA30-1," and "3A AND (placenta OR placental OR trophoblast OR trophoblastic) AND (cell OR line OR cell line)." Of the 218 citations retrieved, 181 were excluded due to duplication, article content irrelevance or lack of access to a full manuscript. The remaining 37 citations were thoroughly reviewed for 1)the presence of a full citation as designated by the supplier, and 2)the identification of the placental lines as "term." Results Of the 37 eligible citations included in the study, five demonstrated complete identifications of the placental cell lines of interest, while 32 demonstrated partial identifications that failed to match the designations provided by the manufacturer. Furthermore, of the 37 citations, eight accurately identified the cell lines as "term," while 27 lacked any description of gestational age, and two incorrectly identified them as "first trimester" cell lines. Overall, only three citations contained both a full citation and correct identification as a "term" placenta cell line. Discussion Only 5 of the 37 (13.5%) publications demonstrated a complete citation and only 8 publications accurately identified the gestational age of the placenta cell line as "term". Such findings confirm the need for a representative set of standards for the documentation of cell lines to improve the quality of publications in the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiwa Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Paula Benny
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Margaret Griffith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christian Litton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Men-Jean Lee
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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Grigoryan OR, Absatarova YS, Mikheev RK, Andreeva EN. [Comparative morphofunctional analysis of the state of fetoplacental complex in diabetes mellitus (literature review)]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 66:85-92. [PMID: 33351352 DOI: 10.14341/probl12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the literature on placental morphofunctional changes in placenta of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus. The detailed analysis of features of pathogenesis of various abnormalities of the fetoplacental complex depending on the type of diabetes, its influence on the formation of the placental vascular bed. The analysis of mechanisms of development of placenta formation disorders, pathologies of placental vascular bed, the role of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in villous maturation, placental weight gain, perinatal outcomes. The discussed anomalies have a significant impact on the fetoplacental complex, acting as epigenetic factors, forming the environment for the fetus, which may later affect the health of the unborn child. They lead to adverse perinatal outcomes, including high infant morbidity and mortality. Literature search was performed in Russian (eLibrary, CyberLeninka.ru) and international (PubMed, Cochrane Library) databases in Russian and English languages. The free access to the full text of the articles was in priority. The selection of sources was prioritized for the period from 2016 to 2020. However, due to the lack of knowledge of the chosen topic, the selection of sources was dated from 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert K Mikheev
- Endocrinology Research Centre; Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
| | - Elena N Andreeva
- Endocrinology Research Centre; Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
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Njoto I, Kalim H, Soeatmadji DW, Handono K, Fatchiyah F. Effect of Hyperglycemia to The mRNA Level and Protein Expression of Perlecan at Rat Model of Osteoarthritis with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. Med Arch 2020; 73:144-148. [PMID: 31402800 PMCID: PMC6643336 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2019.73.144-148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous research found that diabetes mellitus capable to aggravate osteoarthritis disease. In brief, the hyperglycemia condition in diabetes mellitus has an impact on protein glycation of all joint components, including molecule, such as perlecan. The protein expression of perlecan reflects the presence amount of perlecan in the matrix of articular cartilage. However, the impact of hyperglycemia on articular perlecan has not been explained. Moreover, the role of perlecan as a mechanotransducer for chondrocytes in type 1 Diabetes mellitus remains unclear. Aim This research aims to analyze the effect of hyperglycemia in type 1 Diabetes mellitus to the mRNA level and protein expression of perlecan. Methods Thirty-five adult male rats were divided into seven groups, such as three groups of rat model with anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) at right knee (ACLT1, ACLT2, ACLT3); three groups of rats with ACLT at right knee which followed by Streptozotocin injection for diabetic mice model (DM1, DM2, DM3); and control group (N). Rat sacrificed at the third week, fourth week, and sixth week after two months of maintenance. The mRNA level and protein expression were analyzed by using PCR and Western blot. All of data was analyzed by ANOVA. Results Protein expression of perlecan in ACLT mice with diabetes mellitus (DM1, DM2, DM3 group) was gradually decreased according to the increased hyperglycemia duration. Whilst, protein expression of perlecan within ACLT mice without diabetes mellitus (ACLT1, ACLT2, ACLT3 group) was increased. The similar result also demonstrated by the mRNA level of perlecan. Group of DM1, DM2, DM3 exhibited decreased mRNA level of perlecan over the hyperglycemia duration. While, ACLT1, ACLT2, and ACLT3 group had a gradually increased of perlecan mRNA level. Conclusion Hyperglycemia on osteoarthritic condition decreased mRNA level and protein expression of perlecan which increased the severity of osteoarthritis disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Njoto
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Handono Kalim
- Research Centre of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resources, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Djoko W Soeatmadji
- Research Centre of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resources, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Kusworini Handono
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.,Research Centre of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resources, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.,Research Centre of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resources, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
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12
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Trout AL, Rutkai I, Biose IJ, Bix GJ. Review of Alterations in Perlecan-Associated Vascular Risk Factors in Dementia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E679. [PMID: 31968632 PMCID: PMC7013765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Perlecan is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan protein in the extracellular matrix that structurally and biochemically supports the cerebrovasculature by dynamically responding to changes in cerebral blood flow. These changes in perlecan expression seem to be contradictory, ranging from neuroprotective and angiogenic to thrombotic and linked to lipid retention. This review investigates perlecan's influence on risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and amyloid that effect Vascular contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID). VCID, a comorbidity with diverse etiology in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), is thought to be a major factor that drives the overall clinical burden of dementia. Accordingly, changes in perlecan expression and distribution in response to VCID appears to be injury, risk factor, location, sex, age, and perlecan domain dependent. While great effort has been made to understand the role of perlecan in VCID, additional studies are needed to increase our understanding of perlecan's role in health and in cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Trout
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Ibolya Rutkai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (I.R.); (I.J.B.)
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Ifechukwude J. Biose
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (I.R.); (I.J.B.)
| | - Gregory J. Bix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (I.R.); (I.J.B.)
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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13
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Szenasi NL, Toth E, Balogh A, Juhasz K, Karaszi K, Ozohanics O, Gelencser Z, Kiraly P, Hargitai B, Drahos L, Hupuczi P, Kovalszky I, Papp Z, Than NG. Proteomic identification of membrane-associated placental protein 4 (MP4) as perlecan and characterization of its placental expression in normal and pathologic pregnancies. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6982. [PMID: 31259093 PMCID: PMC6589330 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More than 50 human placental proteins were isolated and physico-chemically characterized in the 70–80s by Hans Bohn and co-workers. Many of these proteins turned to have important role in placental functions and diagnostic significance in pregnancy complications. Among these proteins was membrane-associated placental protein 4 (MP4), for which identity or function has not been identified yet. Our aim was to analyze the sequence and placental expression of this protein in normal and complicated pregnancies including miscarriage, preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. Methods Lyophilized MP4 protein and frozen healthy placental tissue were analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS. Placental tissue samples were obtained from women with elective termination of pregnancy (first trimester controls, n = 31), early pregnancy loss (EPL) (n = 13), early preeclampsia without HELLP syndrome (n = 7) and with HELLP syndrome (n = 8), late preeclampsia (n = 8), third trimester early controls (n = 5) and third trimester late controls (n = 9). Tissue microarrays were constructed from paraffin-embedded placentas (n = 81). Slides were immunostained with monoclonal perlecan antibody and evaluated using light microscopy and virtual microscopy. Perlecan was also analyzed for its expression in placentas from normal pregnancies using microarray data. Results Mass spectrometry-based proteomics of MP4 resulted in the identification of basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein also known as perlecan. Immunohistochemistry showed cytoplasmic perlecan localization in syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblasts of the villi. Perlecan immunoscore decreased with gestational age in the placenta. Perlecan immunoscores were higher in EPL compared to controls. Perlecan immunoscores were higher in early preeclampsia without and with HELLP syndrome and lower in late preeclampsia than in respective controls. Among patients with preeclampsia, placental perlecan expression positively correlated with maternal vascular malperfusion and negatively correlated with placental weight. Conclusion Our findings suggest that an increased placental perlecan expression may be associated with hypoxic ischaemic injury of the placenta in miscarriages and in early preeclampsia with or without HELLP syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Lilla Szenasi
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Toth
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,MS Proteomics Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Balogh
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Juhasz
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Karaszi
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oliver Ozohanics
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Gelencser
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Kiraly
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beata Hargitai
- West Midlands Perinatal Pathology, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Laszlo Drahos
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Petronella Hupuczi
- Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ilona Kovalszky
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Neidert LE, Al-Tarhuni M, Goldman D, Kluess HA, Jackson DN. Endogenous dipeptidyl peptidase IV modulates skeletal muscle arteriolar diameter in rats. Physiol Rep 2019; 6. [PMID: 29380955 PMCID: PMC5789721 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate that dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) released from skeletal and vascular smooth muscle can increase arteriolar diameter in a skeletal muscle vascular bed by reducing neuropeptide Y (NPY)‐mediated vasoconstriction. We hypothesized that the effect of myokine DPP‐IV would be greatest in the smallest and least in the largest arterioles. Eight male Sprague Dawley rats (age 7–9 weeks; mass, mean ± SD: 258 ± 41 g) were anesthetized and the gluteus maximus dissected in situ for intravital microscopy analysis of arteriolar diameter of the vascular network. Computational modeling was performed on the diameter measurements to evaluate the overall impact of diameter changes on network resistance and flow distribution. In the first set of experiments, whey protein isolate powder was added to physiological saline solution, put in a heated reservoir, and applied to the preparation to induce release of DPP‐IV from the muscle. This resulted in an order‐dependent increase in arteriolar diameter, with the largest change in the 6A arterioles (63% more reactive than 1A arterioles; P < 0.05). This effect was abolished by adding the DPP‐IV inhibitor, Diprotin A. To test if the DPP‐IV released was affecting NPY‐mediated vasoconstriction, we applied NPY and whey protein, which resulted in attenuated vasoconstriction. These findings suggest that DPP‐IV is released from muscle and has a unique effect on blood flow, which appears to act on NPY to attenuate vasoconstriction. The findings suggest that DPP‐IV released from the skeletal or smooth muscle can alter muscle blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Al-Tarhuni
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heidi A Kluess
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Dwayne N Jackson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Distinct effects of short- and long-term type 1 diabetes to the placental extracellular matrix and fetal development in mice. Placenta 2017; 53:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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Chang SC, Yang WCV. Hyperglycemia, tumorigenesis, and chronic inflammation. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 108:146-153. [PMID: 27931833 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is the most prominent sign that characterizes diabetes. Hyperglycemia favors malignant cell growth by providing energy to cancer cells. Clinical studies also showed an increased risk of diabetes being associated with different types of cancers. In addition, poorly regulated glucose metabolism in diabetic patients is often found with increased levels of chronic inflammatory markers, e.g., interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and emerging evidence has highlighted activation of the immune response in the progression and development of cancer cells. Therefore, uncontrolled proinflammatory responses could conceivably create a chronic inflammatory state, promoting a tumor-favorable microenvironment and potentially triggering immune overactivation and cancer growth. To further understand how hyperglycemia contributes to immune overactivation, the tumor microenvironment and the development of chronic inflammation-associated tumors may provide insights into tumor biology and immunology. This paper provides a brief introduction to hyperglycemia-associated diseases, followed by a comprehensive overview of the current findings of regulatory molecular mechanisms of glycosylation on proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix under hyperglycemic conditions. Then, the authors discuss the role of hyperglycemia in tumorigenesis (particularly in prostate, liver, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers), as well as the contribution of hyperglycemia to chronic inflammation. The authors end with a brief discussion on the future perspectives of hyperglycemia/tumorigenesis and potential applications of alternative/effective therapeutic strategies for hyperglycemia-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chun Chang
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College for Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chung Vivian Yang
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College for Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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17
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Meng Q, Shao L, Luo X, Mu Y, Xu W, Gao L, Xu H, Cui Y. Expressions of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 in placentae from GDM pregnancies. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14:61. [PMID: 27645229 PMCID: PMC5029036 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy, and has important health implications for mother and child. Changes in the fetoplacental vessels may predict those in the vasculature of the developing fetus, as these have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human GDM. This study aimed to determine the differences in the localization and expression level of VEGFA and VEGFR2 between placentas of women with GDM and placentas of normal pregnancies, which is the first step in elucidating the possible roles of VEGFA and VEGFR2 in the altered uteroplacental function resulting from maternal hyperglycaemia and ultimately in the manifestation of GDM. METHODS The expressions of VEGFA and VEGFR2 mRNA and protein in 20 samples from each group were analyzed by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The placental blood barrier and angiogenesis were observed by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in10 GDM samples and ten controls. RESULTS The expression levels of VEGFA and VEGFR2 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in the GDM group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Immunohistochemical analysis showed the reduced expression of VEGFA and VEGFR2 protein in GDM-affected placental tissues, and the degenerative alterations of the terminal villi vascular. CONCLUSION The expressions of VEGFA and VEGFR-2 mRNAs and protein were reduced in GDM-affected placental tissues, suggesting that maternal GDM affects the pathophysiological function of placentas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Meng
- Department of Obstetrics, Lianyungang Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Lianyungang, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center of Clinical Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Li Shao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center of Clinical Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Xiucui Luo
- Department of Obstetrics, Lianyungang Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yingping Mu
- Department of Obstetrics, Lianyungang Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Lianyungang Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Li Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center of Clinical Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Haoqin Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, 277 Fenghuang Xijie, Nanjing, 210036 China
| | - Yugui Cui
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center of Clinical Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
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18
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Artunc-Ulkumen B, Ulucay S, Pala HG, Cam S. Maternal serum ADAMTS-9 levels in gestational diabetes: a pilot study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:1442-1445. [PMID: 27485821 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1219717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized with insulin resistance which is diagnosed during pregnancy. Although pregnancy is a diabetogenic state, not all women develop GDM. Genetic factors together with enviromental factors cause the maladaptation of maternal pancreas to this diabetogenic state and GDM develops. ADAMTS-9 is a recently recognized molecule whose genetic variants have risk of GDM. Decreased levels have already been shown in fetal membranes. Maternal serum levels of this protein have not been studied yet. We hypothesized that the alteration of ADAMTS-9 expression should cause changes in maternal serum levels which further could help to identify the disease and develop new treatment strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective case-control study is consisted of 27 pregnancies with GDM and 30 healthy singleton pregnancies matched for matenal age, gestational week, and maternal weight. GDM diagnosis was made with 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. ADAMTS-9 levels were compared between groups. RESULTS ADAMTS levels were 3.62 ± 0.33 ng/dL (range: 3.04-4.23) in GDM group and 4.65 ± 1.70 ng/dL (range: 3.07-8.21) in control group (p < 0.001). ADAMTS levels were not affected by maternal age, gestational age, and maternal weight. CONCLUSION ADAMTS-9 levels were significantly lower in GDM pregnancies. This may help to understand the mechanism of GDM pathogenesis. In future, target treatments with ADAMTS proteins may help to improve the severity of diabetes pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Artunc-Ulkumen
- a School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Celal Bayar University , Manisa , Turkey and
| | - Safiye Ulucay
- b School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Celal Bayar University , Manisa , Turkey
| | - Halil Gursoy Pala
- a School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Celal Bayar University , Manisa , Turkey and
| | - Sirri Cam
- b School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Celal Bayar University , Manisa , Turkey
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19
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Eleftheriades M, Papastefanou I, Lambrinoudaki I, Kappou D, Lavranos D, Akalestos A, Souka AP, Pervanidou P, Hassiakos D, Chrousos GP. Elevated placental growth factor concentrations at 11-14 weeks of gestation to predict gestational diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2014; 63:1419-25. [PMID: 25173717 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine maternal serum concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF) at 11-14 gestational weeks in pregnancies that developed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to create first trimester prediction models for GDM. METHODS Case control study including 40 GDM cases and 94 controls. PlGF, biophysical and biochemical markers and maternal-pregnancy characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS Log10 transformed PlGF (log10 PlGF) was not related to maternal factors. Log10 PlGF was increased (p=0.008) in the GDM group compared to the control group. Log10 PlGF was associated with fasting glucose levels (p=0.04) in the oral glucose tolerance test. Log10 PlGF had a strong relation with birth weight adjusted for gestational age in the control but not in the GDM group. Maternal weight and maternal age were the only predictors of GDM among the maternal factors [area under the curve (AUC)=0.73, p<0.001]. Log10 PlGF alone was a significant predictor of GDM (AUC=0.63, p<0.001). Combination of maternal weight, maternal age and log10 PlGF resulted in an improved prediction (DR=71.4%, for 25% FPR, AUC=0.78, Model R(2)=0.17, p<0.001). CONCLUSION At 11-14weeks in pregnancies that develop GDM, the maternal serum levels of PlGF are increased. Measurement of serum PlGF at 11-14weeks improves the performance of early screening for GDM provided by maternal factors alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makarios Eleftheriades
- Embryocare, Fetal Medicine Unit, Athens, Greece; Bioiatriki SA, Department of Ultrasound and Fetal Medicine, Athens, Greece; First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Papastefanou
- Fetal Medicine Unit, 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Lambrinoudaki
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Kappou
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Athanasios Akalestos
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Athena P Souka
- Fetal Medicine Unit, 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Pervanidou
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios Hassiakos
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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20
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Glucose, insulin, and oxygen interplay in placental hypervascularisation in diabetes mellitus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:145846. [PMID: 25258707 PMCID: PMC4167234 DOI: 10.1155/2014/145846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The placental vasculature rapidly expands during the course of pregnancy in order to sustain the growing needs of the fetus. Angiogenesis and vascular growth are stimulated and regulated by a variety of growth factors expressed in the placenta or present in the fetal circulation. Like in tumors, hypoxia is a major regulator of angiogenesis because of its ability to stimulate expression of various proangiogenic factors. Chronic fetal hypoxia is often found in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes as a result of fetal hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinemia. Both are associated with altered levels of hormones, growth factors, and proinflammatory cytokines, which may act in a proangiogenic manner and, hence, affect placental angiogenesis and vascular development. Indeed, the placenta in diabetes is characterized by hypervascularisation, demonstrating high placental plasticity in response to diabetic metabolic derangements. This review describes the major regulators of placental angiogenesis and how the diabetic environment in utero alters their expression. In the light of hypervascularized diabetic placenta, the focus was placed on proangiogenic factors.
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21
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Ozler S, Demircan K. The investigation of the role of proteoglycans and ADAMTS levels in fetal membranes in physiopathological process of gestational diabetes. Med Hypotheses 2014; 104:182-184. [PMID: 25047995 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
About 2-5% of all pregnant women develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and its prevalence has increased markedly within the last decade. GDM is a metabolic syndrome produced by various degrees of carbohydrate intolerance during pregnancy. Various risk factors such as obesity, genetics, environmental factors, and hypertension have been described previously. Maternal and fetal complications occur in around 7% of pregnant women with GDM. In these patients, a relation between proteoglycans and ADAMTS proteases located in extracellular matrix in fetal membranes (placenta, cord, amnion) and complicated pregnancies has already been determined by various animal experiments. Changes in expression, structure and function of ADAMTS proteases and proteoglycans in fetal membranes lead to alteration in the structure of extracellular matrix. If we can establish a balance between these proteoglycans and ADMTS proteases or determine the changes in their structure and functions, it will be possible to predict the risk in high risk pregnancies at early weeks and to initiate treatment early or to follow the target population regularly. In addition, prevention or reduction of maternal and fetal complications may be possible. For this purpose, ADAMTS and proteoglycans the synthesis of which is too much or less, may be targeted and if we would be able to determine and prevent the changes in their levels in the early period of pregnancy, the development of GDM and its complications may be prevented or decreased. Thus, we may identify a marker for early diagnosis and treatment and reduce prematurity, which is the most common cause of fetal death. Fetal and maternal complications, and especially treatment and care costs of prematurity, may also be decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Ozler
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Talatpasa Street, 06230 Samanpazarı, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Kadir Demircan
- Turgut Ozal University Faculty of Medicine, Medical Genetics Department, Anadolu Street 16/A, 06210 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
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22
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Favero G, Paganelli C, Buffoli B, Rodella LF, Rezzani R. Endothelium and its alterations in cardiovascular diseases: life style intervention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:801896. [PMID: 24719887 PMCID: PMC3955677 DOI: 10.1155/2014/801896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium, which forms the inner cellular lining of blood vessels and lymphatics, is a highly metabolically active organ that is involved in many physiopathological processes, including the control of vasomotor tone, barrier function, leukocyte adhesion, and trafficking and inflammation. In this review, we summarized and described the following: (i) endothelial cell function in physiological conditions and (ii) endothelial cell activation and dysfunction in the main cardiovascular diseases (such as atherosclerosis, and hypertension) and to diabetes, cigarette smoking, and aging physiological process. Finally, we presented the currently available evidence that supports the beneficial effects of physical activity and various dietary compounds on endothelial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Favero
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Corrado Paganelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Buffoli
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Fabrizio Rodella
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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23
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Tiruvannamalai-Annamalai R, Armant DR, Matthew HWT. A glycosaminoglycan based, modular tissue scaffold system for rapid assembly of perfusable, high cell density, engineered tissues. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84287. [PMID: 24465401 PMCID: PMC3896358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited ability to vascularize and perfuse thick, cell-laden tissue constructs has hindered efforts to engineer complex tissues and organs, including liver, heart and kidney. The emerging field of modular tissue engineering aims to address this limitation by fabricating constructs from the bottom up, with the objective of recreating native tissue architecture and promoting extensive vascularization. In this paper, we report the elements of a simple yet efficient method for fabricating vascularized tissue constructs by fusing biodegradable microcapsules with tunable interior environments. Parenchymal cells of various types, (i.e. trophoblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, hepatocytes) were suspended in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) solutions (4%/1.5% chondroitin sulfate/carboxymethyl cellulose, or 1.5 wt% hyaluronan) and encapsulated by forming chitosan-GAG polyelectrolyte complex membranes around droplets of the cell suspension. The interior capsule environment could be further tuned by blending collagen with or suspending microcarriers in the GAG solution These capsule modules were seeded externally with vascular endothelial cells (VEC), and subsequently fused into tissue constructs possessing VEC-lined, inter-capsule channels. The microcapsules supported high density growth achieving clinically significant cell densities. Fusion of the endothelialized, capsules generated three dimensional constructs with an embedded network of interconnected channels that enabled long-term perfusion culture of the construct. A prototype, engineered liver tissue, formed by fusion of hepatocyte-containing capsules exhibited urea synthesis rates and albumin synthesis rates comparable to standard collagen sandwich hepatocyte cultures. The capsule based, modular approach described here has the potential to allow rapid assembly of tissue constructs with clinically significant cell densities, uniform cell distribution, and endothelialized, perfusable channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Randall Armant
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Program in Reproductive & Adult Endocrinology, National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard W. T. Matthew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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Giri H, Chandel S, Dwarakanath LS, Sreekumar S, Dixit M. Increased endothelial inflammation, sTie-2 and arginase activity in umbilical cords obtained from gestational diabetic mothers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84546. [PMID: 24376824 PMCID: PMC3869849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine subclinical inflammation in umbilical vein derived endothelial cells (HUVECs) obtained from Asian Indian subjects with gestational diabetes (GDM) and to determine levels of angiogenic factors and arginase activity in their cord blood. Methods This case-control study included 38 control and 30 GDM subjects. Subjects were confirmed as GDM based on 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) conducted in the second trimester of pregnancy. Angiogenic markers and arginase activity were measured in cord blood by ELISA and colorimetric methods respectively. Endothelial inflammation was assessed through adhesion of PKH26-labelled leukocytes onto HUVEC monolayer obtained from the study groups. Gene and surface expression of adhesion molecules were confirmed via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry respectively. Results The study revealed increased adhesion of leukocytes to HUVECs isolated from GDM subjects compared to controls. HUVECs of babies born to GDM mothers had increased surface and mRNA expression of E-selectin. sTie2 levels were significantly higher in the cord blood for GDM subjects (3869 ± 370 ng/L) compared to controls (3045 ± 296 ng/L). Furthermore, arginase activity was higher in cord blood of GDM mothers as opposed to the control group (7.75 ± 2.4 µmoles of urea/ml/hour vs 2.88 ±0.49 µmoles of urea/ml/hour; p-value= 0.019). Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed positive correlation of cord blood arginase activity with glucose intolerance (ρ=0.596, p=0.004) and post load glucose values (ρ=0.472, p=0.031) of mothers observed during the second trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions HUVECs derived from Asian Indian GDM mothers, exhibit signs of sub-clinical endothelial inflammation along with increased levels of sTie2 and arginase activity in their cord blood serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Giri
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Shivam Chandel
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Madhulika Dixit
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
- * E-mail:
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