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Galal HM, Abdelhafez AT, Sayed MM, Gomaa WMS, Tohamy TA, Gomaa AMS, El-Metwally TH. Impact of L-Arginine on diabetes-induced neuropathy and myopathy: Roles of PAI-1, Irisin, oxidative stress, NF-κβ, autophagy and microRNA-29a. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102342. [PMID: 38430848 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T2DM is a chronic disorder with progressive neuromuscular alterations. L-arginine (ARG) is the most common semi-essential amino acid having several metabolic functions. AIM to investigate the impact of L-arginine in combating diabetic-induced neuromyopathy and its possible mechanisms. MATERIALS & METHODS 24 rats were divided into CON, CON+ARG, DC, DC+ARG. Behavioral tests, Body weight (BW), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and irisin were done. Creatine kinase-MM (CK-MM), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 6 (IL-6), TAC, MDA, expression of microRNA-29a mRNA & light chain 3 protein were determined in muscle. Histological and NF-κβ immunohistochemical expression in muscle and nerve were assessed. RESULTS ARG supplementation to diabetic rats improved altered behavior, significantly increased BW, insulin, TAC, irisin and Il-4, decreased levels of glucose, microRNA-29a, NF-κβ and LC3 expression, PAI-1, CK-MM and restored the normal histological appearance. CONCLUSIONS ARG supplementation potently alleviated diabetic-induced neuromuscular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Galal
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia; Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alaa T Abdelhafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Badr University, New Nasser City, West of Assiut, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Manal M Sayed
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Walaa M S Gomaa
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa M S Gomaa
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Tarek H El-Metwally
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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2
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Kumawat VS, Kaur G. Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB 2) agonists and L-arginine ameliorate diabetic nephropathy in rats by suppressing inflammation and fibrosis through NF-κβ pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:381-393. [PMID: 37450015 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02597-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a condition that leads to end-stage chronic kidney disease characterized by inflammation and a deficiency of nitric oxide (NO). Cannabinoid receptor (CB2) activation by specific agonist reduces nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κβ) expression. Beta caryophyllene (BCP), a natural CB2 receptor activator, protects kidney function in several diseases. L-Arginine (LA) modulates several physiological processes by donating nitric oxide (NO). Hence, we tested a novel BCP-LA combination to treat DN and investigated its molecular mechanisms. BCP, LA, and combinations of both were evaluated in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage inflammation as well as in streptozotocin (55 mg/kg)-induced diabetes in SD rats. Diabetic rats were administered 200 mg/kg of BCP, 100 mg/kg of LA, and combination of both orally for 28 days. Biochemical markers and inflammatory cytokines were assessed in plasma; also, kidney tissue was examined for renal oxidative stress injury, NF-κβ expression, and histology. After 28 days of treatment, BCP and LA combination significantly lowered plasma glucose levels than the disease control group. BCP and LA also normalized renal markers and oxidative stress of diabetic rats. Plasma and RAW macrophage cell lines showed reduced levels of IL-6 and TNF-α (P < 0.001). Histopathological evaluations revealed that BCP and LA together decreased renal fibrosis and collagen deposition also improved nephrotic indices. Meanwhile, the effect of BCP and LA together significantly reduced the NF-κβ (P < 0.01) against diabetic rats. These results indicate that the innovative regimen BCP with LA may be a therapeutic treatment for DN, as it protects kidney tissue from diabetes via NF-κβ inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek S Kumawat
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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Forzano I, Avvisato R, Varzideh F, Jankauskas SS, Cioppa A, Mone P, Salemme L, Kansakar U, Tesorio T, Trimarco V, Santulli G. L-Arginine in diabetes: clinical and preclinical evidence. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:89. [PMID: 37072850 PMCID: PMC10114382 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01827-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
L-Arginine (L-Arg), is a semi-essential amino acid involved in the formation of nitric oxide. The functional relevance of L-Arg in diabetes mellitus has been evaluated both in animal models and in human subjects. In the literature there are several lines of evidence indicating that L-Arg has beneficial effects in diabetes and numerous studies advocate its administration to attenuate glucose intolerance in diabetic patients. Here we present a comprehensive overview of the main studies exploring the effects of L-Arg in diabetes, including preclinical and clinical reports on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imma Forzano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roberta Avvisato
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angelo Cioppa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Montevergine Clinic, Mercogliano (AV), Italy
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Sayed MM, Abd El-Rady NM, Gomaa WMS, Hosny A, Gomaa AMS. Antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic abilities of L-Arginine ameliorate the testicular dysfunction in diabetic rats. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102036. [PMID: 36841127 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Testicular dysfunction and infertility are serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). L-Arginine (L-Arg) is a semi essential amino acid with various biological and metabolic functions. The molecular mechanisms of L-Arg on testicular dysfunction caused by DM remain elusive. This study aimed to assess the potential protective effect of L-Arg in diabetic testis and its possible mechanisms. 24 adult male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: CON, L-Arg that received 1 g/kg body weight of L-Arg orally for 4 weeks, DM that fed a high fat diet followed by an injection of 30 mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally, and L-Arg-treated DM that were diabetic and administered L-Arg. DM decreased relative testicular weight, reduced serum testosterone, and impaired semen parameters. Reduced total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), in addition to increased transforming growth factor B1 (TGF-β1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, were found in the testicular tissue. This was associated with severe degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells of Leydig, reduction of Johnsen's score, significantly increased expression of both inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and caspase-3, and reduced zonula occludens (ZO)- 1 expression. Ultrastructurally, disrupted intercellular junctions and degeneration of interstitial cells of Leydig were observed. In contrast, treatment of diabetic animals with L-Arg increased TAC, SOD and GSH-Px, decreased TGF-β1 and NO levels, downregulated iNOS and caspase-3 expression, upregulated ZO-1 expression, and maintained the integrity of the Sertoli cell junctions. Hence, L-Arg restored the normal testicular structure and function via its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M Sayed
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nessren M Abd El-Rady
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Medical Physiology, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Walaa M S Gomaa
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hosny
- Department of Dermatology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M S Gomaa
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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Potential Therapies Targeting the Metabolic Reprogramming of Diabetes-Associated Breast Cancer. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13010157. [PMID: 36675817 PMCID: PMC9861470 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, diabetes-associated breast cancer has become a significant clinical challenge. Diabetes is not only a risk factor for breast cancer but also worsens its prognosis. Patients with diabetes usually show hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, which are accompanied by different glucose, protein, and lipid metabolism disorders. Metabolic abnormalities observed in diabetes can induce the occurrence and development of breast cancer. The changes in substrate availability and hormone environment not only create a favorable metabolic environment for tumorigenesis but also induce metabolic reprogramming events required for breast cancer cell transformation. Metabolic reprogramming is the basis for the development, swift proliferation, and survival of cancer cells. Metabolism must also be reprogrammed to support the energy requirements of the biosynthetic processes in cancer cells. In addition, metabolic reprogramming is essential to enable cancer cells to overcome apoptosis signals and promote invasion and metastasis. This review aims to describe the major metabolic changes in diabetes and outline how cancer cells can use cellular metabolic changes to drive abnormal growth and proliferation. We will specifically examine the mechanism of metabolic reprogramming by which diabetes may promote the development of breast cancer, focusing on the role of glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism in this process and potential therapeutic targets. Although diabetes-associated breast cancer has always been a common health problem, research focused on finding treatments suitable for the specific needs of patients with concurrent conditions is still limited. Most studies are still currently in the pre-clinical stage and mainly focus on reprogramming the glucose metabolism. More research targeting the amino acid and lipid metabolism is needed.
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Tijjani H, Danyaro AM, Olatunde A, Kura AU. Antihyperglycemic activity of verbenone and L-arginine in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice: in vitro and in vivo studies. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Natural products are utilized globally for the management of diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Carrot seeds are ethnobotanically used in the management of diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antihyperglycemic activities of verbenone and L-arginine, which are compounds found in carrot seed.
Results
Verbenone, L-arginine, and their ratios combination expressed significantly in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 of 13.00, 12.69, and 13.30 µg/mL respectively compared with acarbose (IC50 = 12.64 µg/mL) and significant in vitro α-glucosidases inhibitory activity with IC50 of 29.01, 23.76 and 30.11 µg/mL respectively compared with acarbose (IC50 = 16.80 µg/mL). Furthermore, the compounds improved glucose uptake in yeast cells and inhibited haemoglobin glycation in vitro. In the in vivo study, the compounds significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose, the levels of liver total cholesterol, and liver triacylglycerol, the calculated cardiovascular indices, whereas the level of plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly elevated in all diabetic treated mice.
Conclusion
The data revealed the in vitro antidiabetic activity of verbenone and L-arginine. Also, the compounds ameliorated hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and other diabetic-induced biochemical alterations in NAD-STZ-induced diabetic mice model.
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Kumawat VS, Kaur G. Cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist and L-arginine combination attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats via NF-ĸβ inhibition. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:259-271. [PMID: 34860602 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Beta-caryophyllene (BCP), a cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptor agonist has recently been found to have cardioprotective activity as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecule. L-arginine (LA), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, is a potential regulator of cardiovascular function. Considering the role of CB2 receptor activation and NO regulation in cardiovascular diseases, the combination of BCP with LA may be a possible treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Hence, we investigated the efficacy of the novel combination of BCP with LA on cardiovascular inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. DCM was induced by streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) in Sprague-Dawley rats intraperitoneally. BCP, LA, and BCP with LA were administered to diabetic rats for 4 weeks. After completion of the study, hemodynamic parameters, biochemical parameters, and inflammatory cytokine levels were analyzed. Also, oxidative stress parameters, nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-ĸβ) expression, and histopathology in cardiac tissues were estimated. The combination of BCP (200 mg/kg) with LA (200 mg/kg) significantly normalized the hemodynamic parameters and decreased the glucose, cardiac markers, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels. Treatment of BCP and LA showed a significant decrease in oxidative stress and downregulated the cardiac expression of NF-ĸβ. Thus, the combination of BCP with LA improves cardiac functions by attenuating inflammation through NF-ĸβ inhibition in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek S Kumawat
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, India
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, India
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, India
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Cai Z, Yuan S, Zhong Y, Deng L, Li J, Tan X, Feng J. Amelioration of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes: Role of Takeda G Protein-Coupled Receptor 5. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:637051. [PMID: 33995040 PMCID: PMC8113688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.637051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) eventually leads to chronic vascular complications, resulting in cardiovascular diseases. DM-associated endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays an important role in the development of chronic vascular complications. Low endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, inflammation, and oxidative stress all contribute to ED. The G protein-coupled receptor Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) is a membrane receptor for bile acids that plays an important role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Recent studies have shown that TGR5 is involved in the regulation of various mediators of ED, which suggests that TGR5 may represent a target for the treatment of DM-associated ED. In this review, we summarize the principal mechanisms of DM-associated ED, then propose TGR5 as a novel therapeutic target on the basis of its mechanistic involvement, and suggest potential directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyao Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Suxin Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiafu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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9
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Physical properties of mucilage polysaccharides from Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Food Chem 2020; 311:126039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rheological properties and effects of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on functional components and antioxidant activities of cooked yam flour. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:991-1001. [PMID: 31275699 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-00542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is dearth of documented information on rheological behavior, bioaccessibility and antioxidant potential of cooked yam flour (CY). This study was carried out to evaluate rheological properties and effects of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (GID) on functional compositions and antioxidant activities of CY. CY displayed enhanced pseudoplastic and ''gel-like" characteristics with incremental concentration (4.5-9.0%). After GID, contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids, sugar (TS), acidic polysaccharides (AP) and free amino acids (FAAs) significantly increased with maximal increment of 3.51-fold for TS followed by AP (3.05-fold), and DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and FIC assays pointed to a significant increase in antioxidant activity. Sixteen FAAs including 7 essential amino acids were detected with highest content of 9.81 mg/g for arginine. Large block remnants with a micro-porous structure were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate that CY with favourable swallowing performance can serve as a reliable source of bioaccessible and bioactive compounds with antioxidation.
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Son M, Chan CB, Wu J. Egg White Ovotransferrin-Derived ACE Inhibitory Peptide Ameliorates Angiotensin II-Stimulated Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle Cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:1700602. [PMID: 29278298 PMCID: PMC5873282 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a major contributor to the development of insulin resistance and its related complications. Egg white ovotransferrin-derived tripeptides, IRW (Ile-Arg-Trp), IQW (Ile-Gln-Trp), or LKP (Leu-Lys-Pro) are previously identified as the inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a key enzyme in the RAS. This study aims at determining whether these peptides are effective in improving insulin resistance, and their mechanisms of action, in a rat derived skeletal muscle cell line (L6 cells). METHODS AND RESULTS Insulin resistance is induced by treating L6 cells with 1 μm angiotensin II (Ang II) for 24 h. Effects of peptides on glucose uptake are determined using glucose uptake assay, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation by immunofluorescence, reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining, while insulin signaling pathway, Ang II receptor (AT1R or AT2R) levels, and NADPH oxidase activation are measured using Western Blot. Only IRW treatment significantly improves insulin resistance in L6 cells via stimulation of insulin signaling. IRW decreases Ang II-stimulated AT1R expression, ROS formation, and NADPH oxidase activation. CONCLUSIONS Of three ACE inhibitory peptides studied, only IRW improves insulin resistance in L6 cells, at least partially via reduced AT1R expression and its anti-oxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoungjin Son
- Department of AgriculturalFood & Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | | | - Jianping Wu
- Department of AgriculturalFood & Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Cardiovascular Research CentreUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
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12
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Gharibi F, Soltani N, Maleki M, Talebi A, Nasiri M, Shirdavani S, Nematbakhsh M. The Protective Effect of L-arginine in Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. Adv Biomed Res 2017; 6:100. [PMID: 28900611 PMCID: PMC5583628 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.212928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cisplatin (CP) is accompanied with a nephrotoxicity. L-arginine (LA) plays an important role in the regulation of renal function. The present study was designed to investigate the protective role of LA supplementation in CP-induced nephrotoxicity in a diabetic rat's model. Materials and Methods: Sixteen adult female and male Wistar rats were used and they received a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg i.p.). Diabetic female and male rats were arranged as groups 1–5 and groups 6–10, respectively. Groups 1 and 6 (LA groups) received LA alone. Groups 2 and 7 (CP groups) received CP alone. Groups 3 and 8 (CP + LA [PT] groups) received LA as prophylaxis and then treated with LA and CP. Groups 4 and 9 (CP + LA [T] groups) were treated with LA and CP simultaneously. Groups 5 and 10 (CP + LA [P] groups) received LA as prophylaxis and then treated with CP. Results: The serum creatinine (Cr) level of males in Groups 8 and 9 was significantly increased when compared with LA and CP (P < 0.05), whereas no differences were observed in Cr level in female groups. Blood urea nitrogen/Cr ratio and kidney weight were reduced in all CP-receiving male rats. Such observation was not seen in female rats. Different results related to weight loss were obtained between male and female animals. The kidney tissue damage score in CP + LA (PT) male group was significantly greater than CP group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that administration of LA in female and male rats has no protective effect on the severity of nephrotoxicity induced by CP in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Gharibi
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nepton Soltani
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Maryam Maleki
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Talebi
- Clinical Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Nasiri
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soheyla Shirdavani
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nematbakhsh
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan MN Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences Research, Isfahan, Iran
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13
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Ma F, Zhang Y, Liu N, Zhang J, Tan G, Kannan B, Liu X, Bell AE. Rheological properties of polysaccharides from Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Food Chem 2017; 227:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Shi Y, Vanhoutte PM. Macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. J Diabetes 2017; 9:434-449. [PMID: 28044409 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells, as well as their major products nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin, play a key role in the regulation of vascular homeostasis. Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction is a critical and initiating factor in the genesis of diabetic vascular complications. The present review focuses on both large blood vessels and the microvasculature. The endothelial dysfunction in diabetic macrovascular complications is characterized by reduced NO bioavailability, poorly compensated for by increased production of prostacyclin and/or endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, and increased production or action of endothelium-derived vasoconstrictors. The endothelial dysfunction of microvascular complications is primarily characterized by decreased release of NO, enhanced oxidative stress, increased production of inflammatory factors, abnormal angiogenesis, and impaired endothelial repair. In addition, non-coding RNAs (microRNAs) have emerged as participating in numerous cellular processes. Thus, this reviews pays special attention to microRNAs and their modulatory role in diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction. Some therapeutic strategies for preventing and restoring diabetic endothelial dysfunction are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Biomedical Research Centre, Shanghai Key Laboratory of organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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Jin J, Tang Q, Li Z, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Lu L, Zhu T, Vanhoutte PM, Leung SW, Tu R, Shi Y. Prostaglandin E 2 regulates renal function in C57/BL6 mouse with 5/6 nephrectomy. Life Sci 2017; 174:68-76. [PMID: 28263803 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the roles of cyclooxygenases (COX) and their metabolites in C57/BL6 mice with 5/6 nephrectomy, an animal model of chronic renal failure. MAIN METHODS C57/BL6 mice were grouped into sham-operated (2K), one kidney removal (1K) and 5/6 nephrectomy groups (5/6Nx). Renal resistive index was measured by ultrasonography. Blood, aortae, renal arteries and renal cortex were collected for measurement of kidney function, assessment of vascular responsiveness, Western blotting, immuohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. KEY FINDINGS After four weeks, acetylcholine-induced relaxations were blunted in renal arteries of 1K and 5/6Nx mice; indomethacin, a non-selective COX inhibitor, improved the response in 5/6Nx, but not in 1K renal arteries. In 5/6Nx renal arteries, but not in 1K preparations, the protein presence of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was decreased, while that of COX-2 and its products [prostacyclin and thromboxane A2] were increased. The renal resistive index was lower in 5/6Nx mice, suggesting a lower resistance in the renal microvasculature. In the renal cortex of 5/6Nx mice, eNOS protein presence was increased; while the presence of COX-2 was not detectable. The prostaglandin E2 level was lower in the 5/6Nx cortex than in the other two groups. SIGNIFICANCE The early stage of renal mass removal is associated with increased renal arterial constriction and reduced microvascular resistance. The former is due to downregulation of eNOS and upregulation of COX-2, leading to an increased production of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2. A reduced production of PGE2 in the renal cortex is important for maintaining normal renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Biomedical Research Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Q Tang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, China
| | - Z Li
- Biomedical Research Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - L Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - T Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, China
| | - P M Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S W Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - R Tu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China.
| | - Y Shi
- Biomedical Research Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, China.
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Changing correlations among ADMA, NO and hs-CRP in normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes. Meta Gene 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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5-HT2 receptor blockade exhibits 5-HT vasodilator effects via nitric oxide, prostacyclin and ATP-sensitive potassium channels in rat renal vasculature. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 79:51-59. [PMID: 26586311 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether orally sarpogrelate (selective 5-HT2 antagonist) treatment (30 mg/kg/day; 14 days) could modify 5-HT renal vasoconstrictor responses, characterizing 5-HT receptors and mediator mechanisms involved in serotonergic responses in the in situ autoperfused rat kidney. Intra-arterial (i.a.) injections of 5-HT (0.00000125 to 0.1 μg/kg) decreased renal perfusion pressure (RPP) but did not affect the mean blood pressure (MBP). i.a. agonists 5-CT (5-HT1/7), CGS-12066B (5-HT1B), L-694,247 (5-HT1D) or AS-19 (5-HT7) mimicked renal 5-HT vasodilator effect. However, neither 8-OH-DPAT (5-HT1A) nor 1-phenylbiguanide (5-HT3) modified RPP. Moreover: (i) GR-55562 (5-HT1B antagonist) and L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase [NOS] inhibitor) blocked CGS-12066B-induced vasodilator response, (ii) LY310762 (5-HT1D antagonist) and indomethacin (non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor) blocked L-694,247-induced vasodilator response; (iii) SB-258719 (5-HT7 antagonist) and glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker) blocked AS-19-induced vasodilator response; and (iv) 5-HT- or 5-CT-elicited renal vasodilation was significantly blocked by the mixture of GR-55562 + LY310762 + SB-258719. Furthermore, eNOS and iNOS proteins and prostacyclin levels are overexpressed in sarpogrelate-treated rats. Our data suggest that 5-HT exerts renal vasodilator effect in the in situ autoperfused sarpogrelate-treated rat kidney, mediated by 5-HT1D, 5-HT1B and 5-HT7 receptors, involving cyclooxygenase-derived prostacyclin, nitric oxide synthesis/release and ATP-sensitive K+ channels, respectively.
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Miczke A, Suliburska J, Pupek-Musialik D, Ostrowska L, Jabłecka A, Krejpcio Z, Skrypnik D, Bogdański P. Effect of L-arginine supplementation on insulin resistance and serum adiponectin concentration in rats with fat diet. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:10358-10366. [PMID: 26379826 PMCID: PMC4565209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT The purpose of this study was to determine whether supplementation with L-arginine, a substrate used in the production of nitric oxide, had an effect on adiponectin concentration in rats fed a high-fat diet. The influence of L-arginine on insulin resistance was also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiment was performed using 36 Wistar rats divided into three groups: group 1 was fed a standard diet, group 2 a high-fat (HF) diet, group 3 a HF diet supplemented with L-arginine. After 42 days, serum levels of lipids, glucose, insulin, NO, and adiponectin were measured. Insulin resistance (IR) was estimated by the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA). RESULTS Body mass was equal in all 3 groups, at the beginning as well as at the end of the study, however, in group 2 the amount of visceral fat was greater after 42 days. In group 3, there was a tendency for visceral fat to decrease. An increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin and HOMA-IR, as well as a decrease in NO and adiponectin were seen in group 2, while in group 3, L-arginine supplementation ameliorated these disturbances. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that L-arginine supplementation in rats fed a HF diet is associated with an increase in insulin sensitivity. Our findings suggest that the underlying mechanism could be at least partially related to an increase in adiponectin concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miczke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disorders and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Danuta Pupek-Musialik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disorders and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Lucyna Ostrowska
- Department of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Medical University of BiałystokPoland
| | - Anna Jabłecka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Krejpcio
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disorders and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Education and Obesity Treatment and Metabolic Disorders, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
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Witzel II, Jelinek HF, Khalaf K, Lee S, Khandoker AH, Alsafar H. Identifying Common Genetic Risk Factors of Diabetic Neuropathies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:88. [PMID: 26074879 PMCID: PMC4447004 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global public health problem of epidemic proportions, with 60-70% of affected individuals suffering from associated neurovascular complications that act on multiple organ systems. The most common and clinically significant neuropathies of T2DM include uremic neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. These conditions seriously impact an individual's quality of life and significantly increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Although advances in gene sequencing technologies have identified several genetic variants that may regulate the development and progression of T2DM, little is known about whether or not the variants are involved in disease progression and how these genetic variants are associated with diabetic neuropathy specifically. Significant missing heritability data and complex disease etiologies remain to be explained. This article is the first to provide a review of the genetic risk variants implicated in the diabetic neuropathies and to highlight potential commonalities. We thereby aim to contribute to the creation of a genetic-metabolic model that will help to elucidate the cause of diabetic neuropathies, evaluate a patient's risk profile, and ultimately facilitate preventative and targeted treatment for the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ini-Isabée Witzel
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Herbert F. Jelinek
- Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Research in Complex Systems, School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Kinda Khalaf
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sungmun Lee
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahsan H. Khandoker
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Habiba Alsafar
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Ke T, Wu Y, Li L, Liu Y, Yao X, Zhang J, Kong D, Li C. Netrin-1 ameliorates myocardial infarction-induced myocardial injury: mechanisms of action in rats and diabetic mice. Hum Gene Ther 2014; 25:787-97. [PMID: 24827071 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2014.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Netrin-1 is typically known as a neuronal guidance factor. Studies have reported the proangiogenic, antiapoptotic, and antiinflammatory properties of Netrin-1. A critical role for Netrin-1 in ischemic organ damage, myocardial infarction (MI) in particular, has also been demonstrated, making Netrin-1 a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising therapeutic efficacy in preclinical studies. However, limited clinical success was observed, mainly due to poor MSC survival. Given the reported beneficial impact of Netrin-1 in tissue repair and cell survival, we examined the effects of Netrin-1 in MSC therapy against MI-induced ischemic cardiac injury in rats and type 2 diabetic (T2D) mice. MSCs were isolated and Netrin-1-expressing MSCs were obtained by transduction with a Netrin-1-encoding retroviral vector. The Netrin-1-MSCs were then delivered intramyocardially to the infarct sites of rats and T2D mice with MI. Thirty days after MSC implantation, changes at the infarct area, level of collagen deposition, and cardiac hypertrophy were assessed. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of Netrin-1 were also investigated. Attenuated MI-induced myocardial dysfunction was observed after Netrin-1-MSC treatment. Protective effects of the Netrin-1-MSCs were attributable primarily to better MSC survival and migration, which is mediated by Netrin-1-induced phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Netrin-1-stimulated nitric oxide production was also responsible, which could promote neovessel formation and progenitor cell mobilization in vivo. We report a protective role for Netrin-1 against MI-induced ischemic injuries, reinstating its promising potential as a therapeutic target for CVDs and, more importantly, for patients with CVD with coexisting diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Ke
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650101, Yunnan, China
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