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Maldonado JB, Page LM, Williman C, Fernández CA, Resnik SL, Medina MB, Munitz MS. Pesticides in fish from the Uruguay River and markets in Argentina and health risk assessment. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS. PART B, SURVEILLANCE 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39105309 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2024.2380706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Organochlorine, organophosphate, triazole, and strobilurin pesticides were determined in fish samples. Relative standard deviations lower than 9.3% were obtained for organochlorine pesticides and 10.8% for other pesticides. Accuracy ranged from 73% to 119% for organochlorine pesticides and 80.4% to 116% for organophosphate, triazole, and strobilurin pesticides. A total of 28 pesticides were analysed and 7 of them were detected (exceeding 10 µg/kg) in some samples, with the highest concentration recorded at 68.5 µg/kg, corresponding to heptachlor epoxide A. The pesticide most frequently detected was β HCH, found in 30 of the 100 analysed samples. Hazard Quotient values were estimated for men, women, and children. These values exceeded 1 for heptachlor epoxide in women and children, as well as for endrin in children. These findings emphasise the need for stricter controls to reduce fish contamination and mitigate health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Belén Maldonado
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER/CONICET - UNER), Concordia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Concordia, Argentina
| | - Lucas Matías Page
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER/CONICET - UNER), Concordia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Concordia, Argentina
| | - Celia Williman
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Concordia, Argentina
| | - Carlos Andrés Fernández
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Concordia, Argentina
| | - Silvia Liliana Resnik
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), La Plata, Argentina
- Fundación de Investigaciones Científicas Teresa Benedicta de la Cruz, Luján, Argentina
| | - María Belén Medina
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER/CONICET - UNER), Concordia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Concordia, Argentina
| | - Martín Sebastián Munitz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER/CONICET - UNER), Concordia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Concordia, Argentina
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2
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Kardos MK, Clement A, Jolánkai Z, Zessner M, Kittlaus S, Weber N, Gabriel O, Broer MB, Soare F, Hamchevici C, Sidau M, Tonev R, Milačič R, Ščančar J, Horvat M, Marković K, Kulcsar S, Schuhmann A, Bordós G, Pataj E, Zoboli O. Development and testing of an efficient micropollutant monitoring strategy across a large watershed. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174760. [PMID: 39025144 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, extensive monitoring programmes have been conducted at the national, international, and project levels with the objective of expanding our understanding of the contamination of surface waters with micropollutants, which are often referred to as hazardous substances (HS). It has been demonstrated that HS enter surface waters via a number of pathways, including groundwater, atmospheric deposition, soil erosion, and urban systems. Given the ever-growing list of substances and the high resource demand associated with laboratory analysis, it is common practice to quantify the listed pathways based on emission factors derived from temporally and spatially constrained monitoring programmes. The derivation calculations are subject to high uncertainties, and substantial knowledge gaps remain regarding the relative importance of the unique pathways, territories, and periods. This publication presents a monitoring method designed to quantify the unique emission pathways of HS in large geographical areas characterized by differences in land use, population, and economic development. The method will be tested for a wide range of HS (ubiquitous organic and inorganic pollutants, pesticides, pharmaceuticals) throughout small sub-catchments located on tributaries. The results of the test application demonstrate a high diversity of both emission loads and instream concentrations throughout different regions for numerous substances. Riverine concentrations are found to be highly dependent on the flow status. Soil concentration levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are found to be in proportion, whereas that of potentially toxic elements (PTE) in a reverse relationship with economic development. In many instances, concentration levels are also contingent upon land use. The findings of this study reinforce the necessity for the implementation of harmonised and concerted HS monitoring programmes, which should encompass a diverse range of substances, emission sources, pathways and geographical areas. This is essential for the reliable development of emission factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Krisztián Kardos
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Műegyetem rakpart 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Adrienne Clement
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Műegyetem rakpart 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Jolánkai
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Műegyetem rakpart 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Matthias Zessner
- TU Wien, Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Steffen Kittlaus
- TU Wien, Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Weber
- TU Wien, Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Oliver Gabriel
- Environment Agency Austria, Spittelauer Lände 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Florentina Soare
- National Administration Romanian Waters, Str. Edgar Quinet no. 6, Sector 1, 010018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Hamchevici
- National Administration Romanian Waters, Str. Edgar Quinet no. 6, Sector 1, 010018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mugurel Sidau
- National Administration Romanian Waters, Str. Edgar Quinet no. 6, Sector 1, 010018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radoslav Tonev
- Bulgarian Water Association, Hristo Smirnenski blvd 1, 1046 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radmila Milačič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Ščančar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milena Horvat
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Marković
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sandra Kulcsar
- Environment Agency Austria, Spittelauer Lände 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Schuhmann
- Environment Agency Austria, Spittelauer Lände 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gábor Bordós
- Eurofins Analytical Services Hungary Ltd., Anonymus utca 6., 1045 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Pataj
- Eurofins Analytical Services Hungary Ltd., Anonymus utca 6., 1045 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ottavia Zoboli
- TU Wien, Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Wien, Austria
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3
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Erdélyi N, Gere D, Engloner A, Vargha M. Temperature-driven and discharge-driven variability of organic micropollutants in a large urban river and its implications for risk-based monitoring. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142803. [PMID: 38986789 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Urban rivers are exposed to an increasing load of organic micropollutants from wastewater effluent posing an ecological as well as public health hazard. One-off surveys can capture a snapshot of the pollution profile but fail to reveal the full scale of spatial and temporal heterogeneity. In the present study, 41 micropollutants (non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), antihypertensives, antiepileptic, antidiabetic, antibiotics, iodinated contrast media (ICM), corrosion inhibitors, pesticides) were monitored every two weeks for one-year upstream and downstream of the Budapest metropolitan area in Danube River (336 samples total). ICMs, benzotriazoles and metamizole degradation products were detected in highest concentration regularly exceeding 100 ng/L. Median concentration of other pharmaceuticals ranged from <1 to 26 ng/L, while pesticides were typically below 10 ng/L. Variability of micropollutant concentration was primarily temporal, exhibiting two different patterns: (1) inverse correlation to river discharge, observed for corrosion inhibitors and carbamazepine (r = -0.505 to -0.665) or (2) inverse correlation to water temperature, observed primarily for ICMs, antihypertensives and antibiotics, r = -0.654 to -0.904). Temperature dependence was also significant after correcting for river discharge. Relative increase of pharmaceuticals was 2-134% after the metropolitan area, partially explained by emission estimates calculated from retail data and metabolization rates. The concentration of five ICMs (iopamidol in 100, iodixanol in 96, diatrizoate in 22, iomeprol in 21 and iohexol 13% of the samples) and two NSAIDs (ibuprofen and diclofenac (in 31.5 and 23% of the samples) exceeded the predicted no environmental effect concentration, posing a risk to algae (HQ = 1.2-6) and fish (HQ = 1.4-1.9), respectively. Results suggest that risk-based monitoring and risk management efforts should focus on ICMs, NSAIDs and industrial chemicals, taking into account that sampling in cold periods and during low flow provides the worst-case estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Erdélyi
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Street 2., H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy, Albert Flórián Street 2-6., H-1097, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Gere
- National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy, Albert Flórián Street 2-6., H-1097, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Attila Engloner
- Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, Budapest, H-1113, Hungary.
| | - Márta Vargha
- National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy, Albert Flórián Street 2-6., H-1097, Budapest, Hungary.
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4
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Fuentes E, Moreau J, Millet M, Bretagnolle V, Monceau K. Organic farming reduces pesticide load in a bird of prey. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172778. [PMID: 38670354 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Human activities have led to the contamination of all environmental compartments worldwide, including bird species. In birds, both the environment and maternal transfer lead to high inter-brood variability in contamination levels of pollutants, whereas intra-brood variability is generally low. However, most existing studies focused on heavy metals or persistent compounds and none, to our knowledge, addressed the variability in contamination levels of multiple pesticides and the factors influencing it. In this study, the number of pesticides detected (of 104 compounds searched) and the sum of their concentrations in the blood of 55 Montagu's harrier (Circus pygargus) nestlings from 22 nests sampled in 2021 were used as metrics of contamination levels. We investigated the effect of organic farming at the size of male's home range (i.e., 14 km2) and chicks' sex and hatching order on contamination levels. We did not find a difference between inter-brood and intra-brood variability in pesticide contamination levels, suggesting a different exposure of siblings through food items. While chicks' sex or rank did not affect their contamination level, we found that the percentage of organic farming around the nests significantly decreased the number of pesticides detected, although it did not decrease the total concentrations. This finding highlights the potential role of organic farming in reducing the exposure of birds to a pesticide cocktail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elva Fuentes
- UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France.
| | - Jérôme Moreau
- UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France; UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Équipe Écologie Évolutive, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Maurice Millet
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7515, ICPEES, 67087 Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France; LTSER "Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre", CNRS, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Karine Monceau
- UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
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5
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Martínez-Ruiz EB, Agha R, Spahr S, Wolinska J. Widely used herbicide metolachlor can promote harmful bloom formation by stimulating cyanobacterial growth and driving detrimental effects on their chytrid parasites. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123437. [PMID: 38272168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Metolachlor (MET) is a widely used herbicide that can adversely affect phytoplanktonic non-target organisms, such as cyanobacteria. Chytrids are zoosporic fungi ubiquitous in aquatic environments that parasitize cyanobacteria and can keep their proliferation in check. However, the influence of organic pollutants on the interaction between species, including parasitism, and the associated ecological processes remain poorly understood. Using the host-parasite system consisting of the toxigenic cyanobacterium Planktothrix agardhii and its chytrid parasite Rhizophydium megarrhizum, we investigated the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of MET on host-parasite interactions under i) continuous exposure of chytrids and cyanobacteria, and ii) pre-exposure of chytrids. During a continuous exposure, the infection prevalence and intensity were not affected, but chytrid reproductive structures were smaller at the highest tested MET concentration. In the parasite's absence, MET promoted cyanobacteria growth possibly due to a hormesis effect. In the pre-exposure assay, MET caused multi- and transgenerational detrimental effects on parasite fitness. Chytrids pre-exposed to MET showed reduced infectivity, intensity, and prevalence of the infection, and their sporangia size was reduced. Thus, pre-exposure of the parasite to MET resulted in a delayed decline of the cyanobacterial cultures upon infection. After several parasite generations without MET exposure, the parasite recovered its initial fitness, indicating that detrimental effects are transient. This study demonstrates that widely used herbicides, such as MET, could favor cyanobacterial bloom formation both directly, by promoting cyanobacteria growth, and indirectly, by inhibiting their chytrid parasites, which are known to play a key role as top-down regulators of cyanobacteria. In addition, we evidence the relevance of addressing multi-organism systems, such as host-parasite interactions, in toxicity assays. This approach offers a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of pollutants on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Berenice Martínez-Ruiz
- Department of Evolutionary and Integrative Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ramsy Agha
- Department of Evolutionary and Integrative Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Spahr
- Department of Ecohydrology and Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Justyna Wolinska
- Department of Evolutionary and Integrative Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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6
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Malbezin L, Morin S, Lavoie I. Effects of atrazine and S-metolachlor on stream periphyton taxonomic and fatty acid compositions. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:190-204. [PMID: 38386230 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Extensive pesticide use for agriculture can diffusely pollute aquatic ecosystems through leaching and runoff events and has the potential to negatively affect non-target organisms. Atrazine and S-metolachlor are two widely used herbicides often detected in high concentrations in rivers that drain nearby agricultural lands. Previous studies focused on concentration-response exposure of algal monospecific cultures, over a short exposure period, with classical descriptors such as cell density, mortality or photosynthetic efficiency as response variables. In this study, we exposed algal biofilms (periphyton) to a concentration gradient of atrazine and S-metolachlor for 14 days. We focused on fatty acid composition as the main concentration-response descriptor, and we also measured chlorophyll a fluorescence. Results showed that atrazine increased cyanobacteria and diatom chlorophyll a fluorescence. Both herbicides caused dissimilarities in fatty acid profiles between control and high exposure concentrations, but S-metolachlor had a stronger effect than atrazine on the observed increase or reduction in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), respectively. Our study demonstrates that two commonly used herbicides, atrazine and S-metolachlor, can negatively affect the taxonomic composition and fatty acid profiles of stream periphyton, thereby altering the nutritional quality of this resource for primary consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Malbezin
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, G1K 9A9, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Soizic Morin
- INRAE, EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612, Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Lavoie
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, G1K 9A9, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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7
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Wang X, Peng B, Zhang C, Wu M, Xu W, Cheng J, Tao L, Li Z, Zhang Y. Hepatic effects of acetochlor chiral isomers in zebrafish and L02 cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169781. [PMID: 38176547 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The pesticide acetochlor (ACT) is a chiral isomer commonly detected in the global environment, yet its specific impacts on liver function remain poorly understood. We utilized zebrafish and L02 cells as research models to comprehensively investigate how ACT and its chiral isomers affect the liver. Our investigations unveiled that the R, Rac, and S isomers of ACT disrupt hepatic lipid transport, catabolism, and synthesis, leading to delayed yolk sac absorption and the accumulation of lipids in zebrafish embryos. These isomers induce oxidative stress in the liver of zebrafish embryos, reducing antioxidant levels and enzyme activity. The accumulated lipids in the liver render it susceptible to oxidative stress, further exacerbating hepatocyte damage. Hepatocyte damage manifests as extensive vacuolization of liver cells and alterations in liver morphology, which are induced by R, Rac, and S. Furthermore, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms underpinning the disturbance of hepatic lipid metabolism by R, Rac, and S in L02 cells. These compounds stimulate lipid synthesis through the upregulation of the AMPK/SREBP-1c/FAS pathway while inhibiting lipolysis via downregulation of the PPAR-α/CPT-1a pathway. Remarkably, our results highlight that S exhibits significantly higher hepatotoxicity in comparison to R. This study provides valuable insights into the hepatic effects of ACT chiral isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, UT southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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8
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Wang X, Li S, Zhang C, Xu W, Wu M, Cheng J, Li Z, Tao L, Zhang Y. Stereoselective toxicity of acetochlor chiral isomers on the nervous system of zebrafish larvae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 464:133016. [PMID: 37992503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Acetochlor (ACT) is a widely detected pesticide globally, and the neurotoxic effects of its chiral isomers on humans and environmental organisms remain uncertain. Zebrafish were used to study the neurotoxicity of ACT and its chiral isomers. Our study reveals that the R-ACT, Rac-ACT, and S-ACT induce neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae by impairing vascular development and disrupting the blood-brain barrier. These detrimental effects lead to apoptosis in brain cells, hindered development of the central nervous system, and manifest as altered swimming behavior and social interactions in the larvae. Importantly, the neurotoxicity caused by the S-ACT exhibits the most pronounced impact and significantly diverges from the effects induced by the R-ACT. The neurotoxicity associated with the Rac-ACT falls intermediate between that of the R-ACT and S-ACT. Fascinatingly, we observed a remarkable recovery in the S-ACT-induced abnormalities in BBB, neurodevelopment, and behavior in zebrafish larvae upon supplementation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This observation strongly suggests that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway serves as a major target of S-ACT-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, S-ACT significantly influences zebrafish larval neurodevelopment by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, distinguishing it from R-ACT neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shoulin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, UT southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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9
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Rastkari N, Ahmadkhaniha R, Soleymani F, Ravanipour M. Pesticide residues in drinking water treatment plants and human health risk assessment: a case study from Northern Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:68. [PMID: 38342781 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
These days, the presence of pesticide residues in drinking water sources is a serious concern. In drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), various methods have been proposed to remove pesticide residues. This study was designed with the objectives of monitoring the occurrence and seasonal variations of pesticides in the output of drinking water treatment plants in two Northern provinces of Iran, Gilan and Golestan, and identifying their human health risks. Seventeen pesticide residues from different chemical structures were determined by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results showed that only Alachlor, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Malathion, and Chlorpyrifos were detected. The pesticide concentrations ranged from ND to 405.3 ng/L and were higher in the first half-year period. The total non-carcinogenic human health risks was in safe range for infants, children, and adults (HI < 1). The carcinogenic human health risks of Alachlor for infants, children, and adults were in the range of 4.3 × 10-7 to 1.3 × 10-6, 2.0 × 10-7 to 9.6 × 10-7, and 1.1 × 10-7 to 5.5 × 10-7, respectively. These values do not pose health risks for adults and children, but may present a possible cancer risk for infants in two DWTPs of Golestan. In conclusion, considering the possibility of exposure to these pesticides through other routes, simultaneously, it is suggested to carry out a study that examines the level of risk by considering all exposure routes. We also propose stricter regulations for the sale and use of pesticides in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Rastkari
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, MD, USA.
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO BOX 1417613151, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleymani
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Management and Economic Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ravanipour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Pakzad P, Taheri E, Amin MM, Fatehizadeh A. Evaluation of health risk of glyphosate pesticide intake via surface and subsurface water consumption: A deterministic and probabilistic approach. MethodsX 2023; 11:102369. [PMID: 37719920 PMCID: PMC10502399 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As the usage of pesticides for both agricultural and non-agricultural uses increases, it is more important than ever to employ probabilistic methods rather than deterministic ones to calculate the danger to human health. The current work demonstrates the application of deterministic and probabilistic approaches to assess the human health risk related to glyphosate during the consumption of surface and groundwater by different population groups. To that aim, the concentration of glyphosate pesticide in the surface and groundwater was measured and human health risk for three population groups including children, teens, and adults was evaluated. Overall, the probabilistic approach via Monte Carlo simulation showed a valid result for the estimation of human health risk and determination of dominant input parameters.•The health risk of glyphosate exposure during water consumption for various population groups were evaluated using deterministic and probabilistic methods.•The modeling is performed by Crystal Ball (11.1.2.4) software, as open access software, and requires a limited number of inputs.•The probabilistic method could reliably assess the risks of glyphosate by considering the variability and uncertainty in input variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Pakzad
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Taheri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amin
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Fatehizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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11
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Wang X, Geng L, Wu M, Xu W, Cheng J, Li Z, Tao L, Zhang Y. Molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity induced by acetamide and its chiral isomers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:166349. [PMID: 37598958 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Acetamide (ACT) is used in a racemic form, and the considerable residues of this compound in the environment raise potential safety concerns for human health. We investigated the toxicity of ACT and its chiral isomers on human cardiomyocyte (AC16) cell line and zebrafish embryonic heart, and found that (+)-S-ACT was the main component causing cardiac toxicity. Our findings indicate that the IC50 of (±)-Rac-ACT on AC16 cells was 20.19 μg/mL. (-)-R-ACT, (±)-Rac-ACT, and (+)-S-ACT caused DNA damage and apoptosis in AC16 cells at this concentration. The underlying molecular mechanism may involve the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The accumulation of ROS results in a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and prompts the release of cytochrome c (cyt c) from the mitochondria. This cascade of events ultimately activates the caspase-3 and caspase-9 signaling pathways, resulting in apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo observations in zebrafish hearts demonstrated caspase-3 activation and the presence of the DNA damage marker (γH2AX), indicating that (+)-S-ACT is more toxic to cardiomyocytes than (-)-R-ACT and (±)-Rac-ACT. These findings suggest that (+)-S-ACT may be the primary component responsible for the toxicity of (±)-Rac-ACT in AC16 cells. Overall, these findings raise public awareness regarding the risks associated with chiral isomeric pesticides and provide a scientific foundation for their appropriate use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Li Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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12
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Wang X, Chen F, Lu J, Wu M, Cheng J, Xu W, Li Z, Zhang Y. Developmental and cardiovascular toxicities of acetochlor and its chiral isomers in zebrafish embryos through oxidative stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165296. [PMID: 37406693 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Acetochlor (ACT) is a widely used pesticide, yet the environmental and health safety of its chiral isomers remains inadequately evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of ACT and its chiral isomers in a zebrafish model. Our findings demonstrate that ACT and its chiral isomers disrupt early zebrafish embryo development, inducing oxidative stress, abnormal lipid metabolism, and apoptosis. Additionally, ACT and its chiral isomers lead to cardiovascular damage, including reduced heart rate, decreased red blood cell (RBC) flow rate, and vascular damage. We further observed that (+)-S-ACT has a significant impact on the transcription of genes involved in cardiac and vascular development, including tbx5, hand2, nkx2.5, gata4, vegfa, dll4, cdh5, and vegfc. Our study highlights the potential risk posed by different conformations of chiral isomeric pesticides and raises concerns regarding their impact on human health. Overall, our results suggest that the chiral isomers of ACT induce developmental defects and cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish, with (+)-S-ACT being considerably more toxic to zebrafish than (-)-R-ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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13
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Abdel-Wareth MTA, Abd El-Hamid RM. Residues of pyrethroids and triazoles pesticides in water and sediment of certain Egyptian watercourses: assessing their influence on fungal diversity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:637-650. [PMID: 37771319 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2263191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of water and sediment with pyrethroids and triazoles residues can affect fungal diversity, and hence the aquatic system functioning. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of water and sediment contamination with pyrethroids and triazoles on fungal diversity. Water and sediment samples were seasonally collected along 2019 from water bodies representing Gharbeya and Qualubeya governorates. Concentrations of pyrethroids and triazoles were determined, and fungal species in water and sediment samples were molecularly identified. The results indicated that temperature and pH varied according to the season. Permethrin, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and esfenvalerate showed the highest pyrethroids concentrations, whereas tetraconazole, tebuconazole and difenconazole were of the highest triazoles concentrations. Aspergillus niger was one of the most frequent species, in addition to Trichoderma capillare, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium commune and Penicillium polonicum. Principal component analysis indicated a positive correlation between temperature and different Aspergillus spp., and between pH and each of pyrethroids and triazoles. Moreover, a negative correlation was observed between triazoles and Trichoderma asperellum, Penicillium griseofulvum and Aspergillus fumigatus. In conclusion, contamination of water with pesticides affected fungal diversity. This disturbance in fungal assemblages might result in a reduction of some key organisms, or an increase and emergence of new pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rania M Abd El-Hamid
- Agricultural Research Centre, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Giza, Egypt
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14
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Mendaš G, Milićević T, Fingler S, Drevenkar V, Romanić SH, Popović A, Relić D. Human health risk assessment based on direct and indirect exposure to endocrine disrupting herbicides in drinking, ground, and surface water in Croatia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:106330-106341. [PMID: 37726632 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29561-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of certain herbicides as endocrine disrupting compounds has raised concerns due to their ability to interfere with the normal functioning of the endocrine system, which regulates various physiological processes in organisms. The objective of this study was to assess the possible human health risks associated with terbuthylazine and endocrine-disrupting herbicides atrazine, acetochlor, and metolachlor in the drinking, surface, and groundwater of the Zagreb city region, Croatia. We relied on advanced statistical methods and principal component analysis (PCA), which revealed higher levels of atrazine and acetochlor in drinking and groundwater samples and higher presence of metolachlor and terbuthylazine in surface waters. To evaluate the danger to human health, various exposure scenarios have been assessed. The risk of direct human exposure to analyzed herbicides through drinking or bathing with drinking (tap) or groundwater, as well as from recreational activities like swimming in rivers, streams, and lakes, has been quantified. In addition to these direct exposure scenarios, indirect ones based on consumer goods, fruits, and vegetables, treated with surface and groundwater for irrigation, were assessed to investigate the danger to human health. Judging by the reported herbicide levels there was no significant risk of carcinogenic (CR ≤ 1 × 10-6) or non-carcinogenic (HI < 1) diseases, not even when we assessed the so-called "cocktail effect" of combined the herbicide exposure in different waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tijana Milićević
- Environmental Physics Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sanja Fingler
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlasta Drevenkar
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Relić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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Rajagopalan V, Venkataraman S, Rajendran DS, Vinoth Kumar V, Kumar VV, Rangasamy G. Acetylcholinesterase biosensors for electrochemical detection of neurotoxic pesticides and acetylcholine neurotransmitter: A literature review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115724. [PMID: 36948285 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxic pesticides are a group of chemicals that pose a severe threat to both human health and the environment. These molecules are also known to accumulate in the food chain and persist in the environment, which can lead to long-term exposure and adverse effects on non-target organisms. The detrimental effects of these pesticides on neurotransmitter levels and function can lead to a range of neurological and behavioral symptoms, which are closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, the accurate and reliable detection of these neurotoxic pesticides and associated neurotransmitters is essential for clinical applications, such as diagnosis and treatment. Over the past few decades, acetylcholinesterase (AchE) biosensors have emerged as a sensitive and reliable tool for the electrochemical detection of neurotoxic pesticides and acetylcholine. These biosensors can be tailored to utilize the high specificity and sensitivity of AchE, enabling the detection of these chemicals. Additionally, enzyme immobilization and the incorporation of nanoparticles have further improved the detection capabilities of these biosensors. AchE biosensors have shown tremendous potential in various fields, including environmental monitoring, clinical diagnosis, and pesticide residue analysis. This review summarizes the advancements in AchE biosensors for electrochemical detection of neurotoxic pesticides and acetylcholine over the past two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahulabaranan Rajagopalan
- Integrated Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - Swethaa Venkataraman
- Integrated Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - Devi Sri Rajendran
- Integrated Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - Vaidyanathan Vinoth Kumar
- Integrated Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India.
| | - Vaithyanathan Vasanth Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, India.
| | - Gayathri Rangasamy
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research and Development & Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
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16
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Pérez-Indoval R, Rodrigo-Ilarri J, Cassiraga E, Rodrigo-Clavero ME. PWC-based evaluation of groundwater pesticide pollution in the Júcar River Basin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157386. [PMID: 35850324 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Predicting pesticides' behavior in the environment is necessary to anticipate and minimize their adverse effects. Despite the use of pesticides in Spain is increasing, the implementation and use of predictive mathematical models is seldomly done in practice due to the lack of available data. In this original work, the Pesticide Root Zone Model version 5 (PRZM 5) mathematical model under the Pesticide in Water Concentration 1.52 (PWC) interface has been applied to model pesticide behavior in nine groundwater bodies located inside the Júcar River Basin (JRB) in Spain. Mathematical modeling allowed calculating the maximum concentration of pesticides after completing the calibration process. Bromacil, terbuthylazine, atrazine, desethyl-terbuthylazine, and terbumeton concentrations in groundwater were simulated between 2006 and 2019. Results show that the maximum pesticide concentration value on every well exceeds the current Spanish Maximum Concentration Limit (0.1 μg/L). PRZM 5 was able to reproduce pesticide concentration observations over time despite the limited amount of available data. This study contributes to assessing environmental risks caused by the use of pesticides inside the JRB and can potentially be applied in other areas of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pérez-Indoval
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain.
| | - Javier Rodrigo-Ilarri
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Cassiraga
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain.
| | - María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain.
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17
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González-González RB, Flores-Contreras EA, Parra-Saldívar R, Iqbal HMN. Bio-removal of emerging pollutants by advanced bioremediation techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113936. [PMID: 35932833 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the relevance of bioremediation techniques for the removal of emerging pollutants (EPs). The EPs are chemical or biological pollutants that are not currently monitored or regulated by environmental authorities, but which can enter the environment and cause harmful effects to the environment and human health. In recent times, an ample range of EPs have been found in water bodies, where they can unbalance ecosystems and cause negative effects on non-target species. In addition, some EPs have shown high rates of bioaccumulation in aquatic species, thus affecting the safety and quality of seafood. The negative impacts of emerging pollutants, their wide distribution in the environment, their bioaccumulation rates, and their resistance to wastewater treatment plants processes have led to research on sustainable remediation. Remediation techniques have been recently directed to advanced biological remediation technologies. Such technologies have exhibited numerous advantages like in-situ remediation, low costs, eco-friendliness, high public acceptance, and so on. Thus, the present review has compiled the most recent studies on bioremediation techniques for water decontamination from emerging pollutants to extend the current knowledge on sustainable remediation technologies. Biological emerging contaminants, agrochemicals, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and pharmaceutical and personal care products were considered for this review study, and their removal by bioremediation techniques involving plants, bacteria, microalgae, and fungi. Finally, further research opportunities are presented based on current challenges from an economic, biological, and operation perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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18
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Takács E, Gémes B, Szendrei F, Keszei C, Barócsi A, Lenk S, Domján L, Mörtl M, Székács A. Utilization of a Novel Immunofluorescence Instrument Prototype for the Determination of the Herbicide Glyphosate. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196514. [PMID: 36235051 PMCID: PMC9570942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay (ELFIA) method has been developed for the quantitative analytical determination of the herbicide active ingredient glyphosate in environmental matrices (surface water, soil, and plant tissues). Glyphosate, as a ubiquitous agricultural pollutant, is a xenobiotic substance with exposure in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems due its extremely high worldwide application rate. The immunoassay developed in Project Aquafluosense is part of a fluorescence-based instrumentation setup for the in situ determination of several characteristic water quality parameters. The 96-well microplate-based competitive immunoassay method applies fluorescence signal detection in the concentration range of 0–100 ng/mL glyphosate. Application of the fluorescent signal provides a limit of detection of 0.09 ng/mL, which is 2.5-fold lower than that obtained with a visual absorbance signal. Beside the improved limit of detection, determination by fluorescence provided a wider and steeper dynamic range for glyphosate detection. No matrix effect appeared for the undiluted surface water samples, while plant tissues and soil samples required dilution rates of 1:10 and 1:100, respectively. No cross-reaction was determined with the main metabolite of glyphosate, N-aminomethylphosphonic acid, and related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Takács
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herman O. út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-1796-0400
| | - Borbála Gémes
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herman O. út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Szendrei
- Institute of Isotopes Co. Ltd., Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Keszei
- Institute of Isotopes Co. Ltd., Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Barócsi
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Lenk
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Domján
- Optimal Optik Ltd., Dayka Gábor u. 6/B, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Mörtl
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herman O. út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Székács
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herman O. út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
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Pesticide Pollution: Detrimental Outcomes and Possible Mechanisms of Fish Exposure to Common Organophosphates and Triazines. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:236-265. [PMID: 36135714 PMCID: PMC9500960 DOI: 10.3390/jox12030018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are well known for their high levels of persistence and ubiquity in the environment, and because of their capacity to bioaccumulate and disrupt the food chain, they pose a risk to animals and humans. With a focus on organophosphate and triazine pesticides, the present review aims to describe the current state of knowledge regarding spatial distribution, bioaccumulation, and mode of action of frequently used pesticides. We discuss the processes by which pesticides and their active residues are accumulated and bioconcentrated in fish, as well as the toxic mechanisms involved, including biological redox activity, immunotoxicity, neuroendocrine disorders, and cytotoxicity, which is manifested in oxidative stress, lysosomal and mitochondrial damage, inflammation, and apoptosis/autophagy. We also explore potential research strategies to close the gaps in our understanding of the toxicity and environmental risk assessment of organophosphate and triazine pesticides.
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20
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Rasool S, Rasool T, Gani KM. A review of interactions of pesticides within various interfaces of intrinsic and organic residue amended soil environment. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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21
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Occurrence of Banned and Currently Used Herbicides, in Groundwater of Northern Greece: A Human Health Risk Assessment Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148877. [PMID: 35886730 PMCID: PMC9323306 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The presence of pesticide residues in groundwater, many years after their phase out in European Union verifies that the persistence in aquifer is much higher than in other environmental compartments. Currently used and banned pesticides were monitored in Northern Greece aquifers and a human health risk assessment was conducted. The target compounds were the herbicides metolachlor (MET), terbuthylazine (TER), atrazine (ATR) and its metabolites deisopropylatrazine (DIA), deethylatrazine (DEA) and hydroxyatrazine (HA). Eleven sampling sites were selected to have representatives of different types of wells. Pesticides were extracted by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by liquid chromatography. MET was detected in 100% of water samples followed by ATR (96.4%), DEA and HA (88.6%), DIA (78.2%) and TER (67.5%). ATR, DIA, DEA, HA, MET and TER mean concentrations detected were 0.18, 0.29, 0.14, 0.09, 0.16 and 0.15 μg/L, respectively. Obtained results were compared with historical data from previous monitoring studies and temporal trends were assessed. Preferential flow was the major factor facilitating pesticide leaching within the month of herbicide application. Moreover, apparent age of groundwater and the reduced pesticide dissipation rates on aquifers resulted of long-term detection of legacy pesticides. Although atrazine had been banned more than 18 years ago, it was detected frequently and their concentrations in some cases were over the maximum permissible limit. Furthermore, human health risk assessment of pesticides was calculated for two different age groups though drinking water consumption. In all examined wells, the sum of the HQ values were lower than the unity. As a result, the analyzed drinking water wells are considered safe according to the acute risk assessment process. However, the presence of atrazine residues causes concerns related with chronic toxicity, since ATR R values were greater than the parametric one of 1 × 10−6 advised by USEPA, for both age groups.
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22
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Tresnakova N, Kubec J, Stara A, Zuskova E, Faggio C, Kouba A, Velisek J. Chronic Toxicity of Primary Metabolites of Chloroacetamide and Glyphosate to Early Life Stages of Marbled Crayfish Procambarus virginalis. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060927. [PMID: 35741448 PMCID: PMC9219952 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Degradation products of herbicides, alone and in combination, may affect non-target aquatic organisms via leaching or runoff from the soil. The effects of 50-day exposure of primary metabolites of chloroacetamide herbicide, acetochlor ESA (AE; 4 µg/L), and glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA; 4 µg/L), and their combination (AMPA + AE; 4 + 4 µg/L) on mortality, growth, oxidative stress, antioxidant response, behaviour, and gill histology of early life stages of marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis) were investigated. While no treatment effects were observed on cumulative mortality or early ontogeny, growth was significantly lower in all exposed groups compared with the control group. Significant superoxide dismutase activity was observed in exposure groups, and significantly higher glutathione S-transferase activity only in the AMPA + AE group. The gill epithelium in AMPA + AE-exposed crayfish showed swelling as well as numerous unidentified fragments in interlamellar space. Velocity and distance moved in crayfish exposed to metabolites did not differ from controls, but increased activity was observed in the AMPA and AE groups. The study reveals the potential risks of glyphosate and acetochlor herbicide usage through their primary metabolites in the early life stages of marbled crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Tresnakova
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; (N.T.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (E.Z.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Jan Kubec
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; (N.T.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (E.Z.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Alzbeta Stara
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; (N.T.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (E.Z.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Eliska Zuskova
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; (N.T.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (E.Z.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-348-404-2634
| | - Antonin Kouba
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; (N.T.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (E.Z.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Josef Velisek
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; (N.T.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (E.Z.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
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Oláh M, Farkas E, Székács I, Horvath R, Székács A. Cytotoxic effects of Roundup Classic and its components on NE-4C and MC3T3-E1 cell lines determined by biochemical and flow cytometric assays. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:914-926. [PMID: 35875257 PMCID: PMC9301602 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic effects of the market leading broad-spectrum, synthetic herbicide product Roundup Classic, its active ingredient glyphosate (in a form of its isopropylamine (IPA) salt) and its formulating surfactant polyethoxylated tallowamine (POE-15) were determined on two murine cell lines, a neuroectodermal stem cell-like (NE-4C) and a high alkaline phosphatase activity osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3-E1). Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, effects on cell viability and cell cycles were examined in five flow cytometry tests, the two former of which were compared by the enzymatic-assay and the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay. All of the tests indicated the NE-4C cells being more sensitive, than the MC3T3-E1 cell line to the treatments with the target compounds. Higher sensitivity differences were detected in the viability test by flow cytometry (7-9-fold), than by the MTT assay (1.5-3-fold); in the genotoxicity test by the Comet assay (3.5-403-fold), than by the DNA-damage test (9.3-158-fold); and in the apoptosis test by the Annexin V dead cell kit (1.1-12.7-fold), than by the Caspase 3/7 kit (1-6.5-fold). Cell cycle assays indicated high count of cells (~70%) in the G0/G1 phase for MC3T3-E1 cells, than in NE-4C cell (~40%) after 24 h. The order of the inhibitory potency of the target substances has unequivocally been POE-15 > Roundup Classic > > glyphosate IPA salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Oláh
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herman Ottó u. 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Enikő Farkas
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege M. u. 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Inna Székács
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege M. u. 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege M. u. 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Székács
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herman Ottó u. 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
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Parlakidis P, Mavropoulos T, Vryzas Z, Gikas GD. Fluopyram removal from agricultural equipment rinsing water using HSF pilot-scale constructed wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:29584-29596. [PMID: 34519984 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fluopyram is a novel broad-spectrum fungicide with nematocidal activity, and as an extensively used pesticide, it could cause toxicity in nontarget organisms. The aim of this study was to explore the efficiency of five horizontal subsurface flow (HSF) constructed wetlands (CWs) to remove fluopyram from rinsing water produced during the cleaning of pesticide spraying equipment. Four CWs, namely WG-R, WG-R-P, WG-C, and WG-U, contained fine gravel as porous media. WG-R and WG-R-P were planted with Phragmites australis, WG-C with Typha latifolia, and WG-U was left unplanted. Bioaugmentation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria was conducted in WG-R-P unit. The fifth unit (WGZ-R) planted with Phragmites australis and contained gravel and zeolite as porous media. All of CWs were loaded on a daily basis from December 2019 to January 2021 with water fortified with fluopyram. The removal rate follows the pattern of WG-R-P (70.67%) > WGZ-R (62.06%) > WG-C (59.98%) > WG-R (36.10%) > WG-U (25.09%). The most important parameters affecting the fluopyram removal were bioaugmentation, zeolite presence in porous media, and plant species. The WG-R-P unit showed higher fluopyram removal in comparison to the WG-R (increase about 96%), the zeolite increased the fluopyram removal by 72%, and the WG-C unit showed 66% higher fluopyram removal than the WG-R unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevas Parlakidis
- Laboratory of Agricultural Pharmacology and Ecotoxicology, Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200, Orestias, Greece
| | - Theodoros Mavropoulos
- Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Zisis Vryzas
- Laboratory of Agricultural Pharmacology and Ecotoxicology, Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200, Orestias, Greece
| | - Georgios D Gikas
- Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, 67100, Xanthi, Greece.
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An Alternative Strategy for Screening and Confirmation of 330 Pesticides in Ground- and Surface Water Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061872. [PMID: 35335236 PMCID: PMC8950376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of pesticide residues in water is a huge worldwide concern. In this paper we described the development and validation of a new liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for both screening and quantification of pesticides in water samples. In the sample preparation stage, the samples were buffered to pH 7.0 and pre-concentrated on polymeric-based cartridges via solid-phase extraction (SPE). Highly sensitive detection was carried out with mobile phases containing only 5 mM ammonium formate (pH of 6.8) as an eluent additive and using only positive ionization mode in MS/MS instrument. Hence, only 200-fold sample enrichment was required to set a screening detection limit (SDL) and reporting limit (RL) of 10 ng/L. The confirmatory method was validated at 10 and 100 ng/L spiking levels. The apparent recoveries obtained from the matrix-matched calibration (5–500 ng/L) were within the acceptable range (60–120%), also the precision (relative standard deviation, RSD) was not higher than 20%. During the development, 480 pesticides were tested and 330 compounds fulfilled the requirements of validation. The method was successfully applied to proficiency test samples to evaluate its accuracy. Moreover, the method robustness test was carried out using higher sample volume (500 mL) followed by automated SPE enrichment. Finally, the method was used to analyze 20 real samples, in which some compounds were detected around 10 ng/L, but never exceeded the assay maximum level.
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26
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Hamdi H, Ben Othmene Y, Khlifi A, Hallara E, Houas Z, Najjar MF, Abid-Essefi S. Subchronic exposure to Epoxiconazole induced-heart damage in male Wistar rats. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 182:105034. [PMID: 35249655 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Epoxiconazole is a worldwide fungicide used to control fungal diseases. Although to its hazardous effects in non-target species, little information is available in the literature to show the cardiotoxic effects of EPX in male rats. Thus, our investigation aimed to assess the outcomes of EPX exposure on some biochemical parameters, the generation of oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation and histopathological alterations in the heart tissue. EPX was administered orally at doses of 8, 24, 40 and 56 mg/kg body weight, representing, respectively NOEL (No observed effect level), NOEL× 3, NOEL× 5 and NOEL× 7 for 28 consecutive days in male Wistar rats. Our results show that EPX induced a significant decrease of cardiac acetylcholinesterase, an increase of biochemical markers, such as creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) and a perturbation of the lipid profile. Furthermore, EPX caused diverse histological modifications in the myocardium, including congestion of cardiac blood vessels, cytoplasmic vacuolization, leucocytic infiltration and hemorrhage. Indeed, we have shown that EPX induces increase of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation levels and DNA damage. On the other hand, we have found an increase of the antioxidant enzymes activity such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. The glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S tranferase initially enhanced at the doses of 8, 24, and 40 mg/kg b.w. and then decreased at the dose of 56 mg/kg b.w. In conclusion, our work has shown that EPX causes cardiotoxic effects by altering redox status and damaging heart tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Hamdi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Ben Othmene
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aida Khlifi
- Research Laboratory "Bioressources: Integrative Biology & Valorisation, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Elhem Hallara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Fattouma Bourguiba University, Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zohra Houas
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetic (Research Unit of Genetic, Genotoxicity and Childhood Illness UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Street Avicenne, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Fadhel Najjar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Fattouma Bourguiba University, Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
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27
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Bhattacharyya S, Poi R, Mandal S, Baskey Sen M, Hazra DK, Saha S, Karmakar R. Method development, validation, monitoring, seasonal effect and risk assessment of multiclass multi pesticide residues in surface and ground water of new alluvial zone in eastern India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:17174-17187. [PMID: 34661836 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method was validated as per SANTE/12682/2019 guidelines for gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) determination of thirty-six multiclass pesticides in environmental waters. Seasonal (summer, monsoon, and winter) effects on the magnitude of pesticide residues in environmental water (river, pond, and tube well) of six different urban areas of Nadia and North 24 Parganas districts (New alluvial zone, Eastern India) was monitored for subsequent risk assessment. Total 288 water samples (96 each of river, pond, and tube-well) irrespective of locations and seasons were monitored for multiclass multi pesticide residues during the experiment. Each sample (750 mL) was extracted with ethyl acetate/dichloromethane (8:2) liquid-liquid partitioning and filtration (0.22 μm nylon filter paper) and total residue was reconstituted in acetone (1 mL) for GC-MS analysis with developed and validated method resulting satisfactory recovery percentages (77.84-118.15%). The maximum no. of organochlorine (OC) and organophosphorus (OP) pesticide residues were dominated in river and pond water irrespective of seasons and monitoring sites. About 74% of river water samples were found to be contaminated with concerned pesticides in variable magnitudes. Monsoon (July to October) season was highly alarming with the highest presence of total pesticide residues in different types of environmental waters. Risk quotient (RQ) [acute and chronic] was also evaluated in pond and river water as sometimes used for drinking purposes. RQ value (5900) of total endosulfan indicates the highest risk of chronic toxicity to river fishes. Seven water samples from tube-wells were also monitored and found to be contaminated with butachlor and chlorpyriphos in non-significant amounts (< 0.1 ng mL-1), irrespective of seasons and sites, thus safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Bhattacharyya
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Rajlakshmi Poi
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Swagata Mandal
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Moni Baskey Sen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Hazra
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Supradip Saha
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Rajib Karmakar
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India.
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28
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Kugarajah V, Solomon J, Rajendran K, Dharmalingam S. Enhancement of nitrate removal and electricity generation in microbial fuel cell using eggshell supported biocathode. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Analytical Evaluation of Carbamate and Organophosphate Pesticides in Human and Environmental Matrices: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030618. [PMID: 35163876 PMCID: PMC8840499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are synthetic compounds that may become environmental contaminants through their use and application. The high productivity achieved in the agricultural industry can be credited to the use and application of pesticides by way of pest and insect control. As much as pesticides have a positive impact on the agricultural industry, some disadvantages come with their application in the environment because they are intentionally toxic, and this is more towards non-target organisms. They are grouped into chlorophenols, organochlorines, synthetic pyrethroid, carbamates, and organophosphorus based on their structure. The symptoms of exposure to carbamate (CM) and organophosphates (OP) are similar, although poisoning from CM is of a shorter duration. The analytical evaluation of carbamate and organophosphate pesticides in human and environmental matrices are reviewed using suitable extraction and analytical methods.
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30
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Herath A, Navarathna C, Warren S, Perez F, Pittman CU, Mlsna TE. Iron/titanium oxide-biochar (Fe 2TiO 5/BC): A versatile adsorbent/photocatalyst for aqueous Cr(VI), Pb 2+, F - and methylene blue. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 614:603-616. [PMID: 35123214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This is the first report of the metal Fe-Ti oxide/biochar (Fe2TiO5/BC) composite for simultaneous removal of aqueous Pb2+, Cr6+, F- and methylene blue (MB). Primary Fe2TiO5 nano particles and aggregates were dispersed on a high surface area Douglas fir BC (∼700 m2/g) by a simple chemical co-precipitation method using FeCl3 and TiO(acac)2 salts treated by base and heated to 80 °C. This was followed by calcination at 500 °C. This method previously was used without BC to make the neat mixed oxide Fe2TiO5, exhibiting a lower energy band gap than TiO2. Adsorption of Cr(VI), Pb(II), fluoride, and MB on Fe2TiO5/BC was studied as a function of pH, equilibrium time, initial adsorbate concentration, and temperature. Adsorption isotherm studies were conducted at 5, 25, and 45 ℃ and kinetics for all four adsorbates followed the pseudo second order model. Maximum Langmuir adsorption capacities for Pb2+, Cr6+, F- and MB at their initial pH values were 141 (pH 2), 200 (pH 5), 36 (pH 6) and 229 (pH 6) mg/g at 45 ℃ and 114, 180, 26 and 210 mg/g at 25 ℃, respectively. MB was removed from the water on Fe2TiO5/BC by synergistic adsorption and photocatalytic degradation at pH 3 and 6 under UV (365 nm) light irradiation. Cr6+, Pb2+, F-, and MB each exhibited excellent removal capacities in the presence of eight different competitive ions in simulated water samples. The removal mechanisms on Fe2TiO5/BC and various competitive ion interactions were proposed. Some iron ion leaching at pH 3 catalyzed Photo-Fenton destruction of MB. Fe2TiO5, BC, and Fe2TiO5/BC bandgaps were studied to help understand photocatalysis of MB and to advance supported metal oxide photodegradation using smaller energy band gaps than the larger bandgap of TiO2 for water treatment. A long range goal is to photocatalytically destroy some sorbates with adsorbents to avoid the need for regeneration steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amali Herath
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Chanaka Navarathna
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Shannon Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Felio Perez
- Material Science Lab, Integrated Microscopy Center, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Charles U Pittman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Todd E Mlsna
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
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31
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An W, Sang C, Jensen KM, Sørensen PB, Zhang B, Yang M. Application of the health risk assessment of acetochlor in the development of water quality criteria. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 110:48-54. [PMID: 34593194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acetochlor is a widely used herbicide in agricultural production. Studies have shown that acetochlor has obvious environmental hormone effects, and long-term exposure may pose a threat to human health. To quantify the hazards of acetochlor in drinking water, a health risk assessment of acetochlor was conducted in major cities of China based on the data of acetochlor residue concentrations in drinking water. The approach of the Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSD) method is used to extrapolate from animal testing data to reflect worst case human toxicity. Results show that hazard quotients related to acetochlor residues in drinking water for different age groups range from 1.94 × 10-4 to 6.13 × 10-4, so, there are no indication of human risk. Compared to the total estimated hazard quotient from oral intake of acetochlor, the chronic exposure imputed to acetochlor residues in drinking water in China accounts for 0.4%. This paper recommends 0.02 mg/L to be the maximum acetochlor residue concentration level in drinking water and source water criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei An
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenhui Sang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsovej 25, PO BOX 314, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Kristian Marienlund Jensen
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Peter Borgen Sørensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsovej 25, PO BOX 314, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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32
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Souza AM, Maciel JC, Barroso GM, Silva RS, Garraffoni ARS, Neves CA, Soares MA, Santos JB. Ecotoxicological effects of commercial herbicides on the reproductive system of aquatic arthropod Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e247487. [PMID: 34730696 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, conventional agriculture makes extensive use of pesticides. Although the effects of herbicides are relatively well known in terms of environmental impacts on non-target organisms, there is very little scientific evidence regarding the impacts of herbicide residues on aquatic arthropods from tropical conservation areas. This study evaluates for the first time the toxicity of the herbicides ametryn, atrazine, and clomazone on the aquatic insect Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae). The lethal concentration (LC50) of herbicides was evaluated for these insects, as well as the effect of the herbicides on the insects' tissues and testicles. The estimated LC50 was 1012.41, 192.42, and 46.09 mg/L for clomazone, atrazine, and ametryn, respectively. Spermatocyte and spermatid changes were observed under the effect of atrazine, and effects on spermatogenesis were observed for some concentrations of clomazone, with apparent recovery after a short time. Our results provide useful information on the effects of herbicide residues in aquatic systems. This information can help minimize the risk of long-term reproductive effects in non-target species that have been previously overlooked in ecotoxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Souza
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - UFSJ, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - J C Maciel
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Agronomia, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - G M Barroso
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - R S Silva
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Agronomia, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - A R S Garraffoni
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - C A Neves
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - M A Soares
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Agronomia, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - J B Santos
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Agronomia, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
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Manjarres-López DP, Andrades MS, Sánchez-González S, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Herrero-Hernández E. Assessment of pesticide residues in waters and soils of a vineyard region and its temporal evolution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117463. [PMID: 34090253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture practices and integrated pest management for avoiding environmental pollution are necessary to maintain a high yield in vineyard areas. Pesticide residues in groundwater in a vineyard area of La Rioja (Spain) have been evaluated in previous years, and they could now have varied after farmers have adopted the different measures recommended. Accordingly, this research's objectives were (i) to evaluate the occurrence and seasonal distribution (spring, summer, and autumn samplings) of pesticides (36) plus their degradation products (DP) (11) in water and soil samples (23 + 15) in La Rioja (Northern Spain), and (ii) to compare the current water quality (2019) with that determined previously (2011). A multi-residue method based on solid phase extraction (for water samples) or solid liquid extraction (for soil samples) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was used to determine and quantify pesticides. The results reveal the presence in waters of 30 compounds from those selected (15 fungicides + 2 DP, 7 insecticides + 1 DP, and 3 herbicides +2 DP), with 14 of them at concentrations > 0.1 μg L-1 (water quality threshold for human consumption). The highest number of compounds was detected in summer (waters) and spring (soils). The pesticides most frequently detected in water samples were the fungicides metalaxyl, tebuconazole, and boscalid, with the last one being the compound found in the highest number of soil samples. The comparison of water pollution in 2011 and 2019 indicates a significant decrease in the total concentration of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides in 95-100%, 76-90%, and 42-85% of samples in the three campaigns, respectively. The results indicate that an optimized and sustainable use of pesticides in intensive and high-yield agricultural areas could reduce environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Manjarres-López
- Department of Agriculture and Food. University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - M Soledad Andrades
- Department of Agriculture and Food. University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-González
- European University Miguel de Cervantes, Padre Julio Chevalier 2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María J Sánchez-Martín
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science. University of Salamanca, Plaza de la Merced s/n, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
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Enantioselective inhibition of human CYP2C19 by the chiral pesticide ethofumesate: Prediction of pesticide-drug interactions in humans. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109552. [PMID: 34147487 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ethofumesate is a chiral herbicide that may display enantioselective behavior in humans. For this reason, the enantioselective potential of ethofumesate and its main metabolite ethofumesate-2-hydroxy to cause pesticide-drug interactions on cytochrome P450 forms (CYPs) has been evaluated by using human liver microsomes. Among the evaluated CYPs, CYP2C19 had its activity decreased by the ethofumesate racemic mixture (rac-ETO), (+)-ethofumesate ((+)-ETO), and (-)-ethofumesate ((-)-ETO). CYP2C19 inhibition was not time-dependent, but a strong inhibition potential was observed for rac-ETO (IC50 = 5 ± 1 μmol L-1), (+)-ETO (IC50 = 1.6 ± 0.4 μmol L-1), and (-)-ETO (IC50 = 1.8 ± 0.4 μmol L-1). The reversible inhibition mechanism was competitive, and the inhibition constant (Ki) values for rac-ETO (2.6 ± 0.4 μmol L-1), (+)-ETO (1.5 ± 0.2 μmol L-1), and (-)-ETO (0.7 ± 0.1 μmol L-1) were comparable to the Ki values of strong CYP2C19 inhibitors. Inhibition of CYP2C19 by ethofumesate was enantioselective, being almost twice higher for (-)-ETO than for (+)-ETO, which indicates that this enantiomer may be a more potent inhibitor of this CYP form. For an in vitro-in vivo correlation, the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) guideline on the assessment of drug-drug interactions used in the early stages of drug development was used. The FDA's R1 values were estimated on the basis of the obtained ethofumesate Ki and distribution volume, metabolism, unbound plasma fraction, gastrointestinal and dermal absorption data available in the literature. The correlation revealed that ethofumesate probably inhibits CYP2C19 in vivo for both chronic (oral) and occupational (dermal) exposure scenarios.
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Piwowar A. The use of pesticides in Polish agriculture after integrated pest management (IPM) implementation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:26628-26642. [PMID: 33491144 PMCID: PMC8159817 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the conducted study was to characterize the attitudes and practices of Polish farmers in the area of performing chemical plant protection treatments. A particular attention was paid to identifying the relationship between the direction of changes in the volume of chemical plant protection product consumption and selected attributes of farms. The main time range of the analyses covered the period of 2013-2017. Statistical data and results of representative surveys carried out on a sample of 1101 farms in Poland were used in the research process. Due to the large number of variants of the analysed variables, a multiple correspondence analysis was used, which made it possible to determine the correlation between the examined features (direction of changes in pesticide use relative to the farm area, economic size of the farm and location of the farm). Statistical analysis showed the existence of strong relationships between the physical (1) and economic (2) size of farms and the direction of changes in pesticide consumption ((1) φ2 = 0.0907; (2) φ2 = 0.1141)). According to empirical studies, the reduction of pesticide consumption took place mainly on the smallest farms. The implementation of the integrated plant protection directive has not resulted in significant changes in the form of reduced pesticide use in large-scale field crops. This raises the need to modify the strategy and model of crop protection in large-scale field crops in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Piwowar
- Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska Street 118/120, 53-345, Wrocław, Poland.
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36
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Hamdi H, Abid-Essefi S, Eyer J. Neuroprotective effects of Myricetin on Epoxiconazole-induced toxicity in F98 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:154-163. [PMID: 33429020 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Epoxiconazole is one of the most commonly used fungicides in the world. The exposition of humans to pesticides is mainly attributed to its residue in food or occupational exposure in agricultural production. Because of its lipophilic character, Epoxiconazole can accumulate in the brain Heusinkveld et al. (2013) [1]. Consequently, it is urgent to explore efficient strategies to prevent or treat Epoxiconazole-related brain damages. The use of natural molecules commonly found in our diet represents a promising avenue. Flavonoids belong to a major sub-group compounds possessing powerful antioxidant activities based on their different structural and sterical properties [2]. We choose to evaluate Myricetin, a flavonoid with a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects, for its possible protective functions against Epoxiconazole-induced toxicities. The cytotoxicity induced by this fungicide was evaluated by the cell viability, cell cycle arrest, ROS generation, antioxidant enzyme activities, and Malondialdehyde production, as previously described in Hamdi et al., 2019 [3]. The apoptosis was assessed through the evaluation of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), caspases activation, DNA fragmentation, cytoskeleton disruption, nuclear condensation, appearance of sub-G0/G1 peak (fragmentation of the nucleus) and externalization of Phosphatidylserine. This study indicates that pre-treatment of F98 cells with Myricetin during 2 h before Epoxiconazole exposure significantly increased the survival of cells, restored DNA synthesis of the S phase, abrogated the ROS generation, regulated the activities of Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and reduced the MDA level. The loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation, cytoskeleton disruption, chromatin condensation, Phosphatidylserine externalization, and Caspases activation were also reduced by Myricetin. Together, these findings indicate that Myricetin is a powerful natural product able to protect cells from Epoxiconazole-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Hamdi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Joel Eyer
- Laboratoire Micro et NanomédecinesTranslationnelles (MINT), Inserm 1066, CNRS 6021, Institut de Biologie de La Santé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49033, Angers, France.
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Vidal T, Santos M, Santos JI, Luís AT, Pereira MJ, Abrantes N, Gonçalves FJM, Pereira JL. Testing the response of benthic diatom assemblages to common riverine contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142534. [PMID: 33035979 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benthic diatoms constitute keystone assemblages in riverine ecosystems, and their structure is used to support regulatory water quality assessment. However, no standard ecotoxicological tests exist using integrated responses of the benthic diatom assemblages. This work aimed to assess whether benthic diatom assemblages are responsive to different riverine contaminants through a previously developed rapid toxicity test, supporting future attempts towards its standardization and integration in both prospective and retrospective Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) schemes. We selected two benthic diatoms assemblages likely responding similarly to pollution (similar IPS diatom index score), collected from two rivers in Northern-Central Portugal (sites: Palhal and Cabreia). Fresh whole diatom assemblages were exposed for 48 h to five model contaminants (glyphosate, imidacloprid, SDS, CuSO4, and Pb). At the end of the test, changes induced by the exposures in overall yield and in the yield of each diatom genus were assessed. The assemblage collected at Palhal was invariably more responsive and sensitive than that collected at Cabreia, both considering overall and genus-specific yields, regardless of the tested contaminant. Achnanthes, Fragilaria and Navicula were the most responsive genus, regardless of the tested contaminant or assemblage. The distinct response profiles observed for the two assemblages to the same contaminants at the same concentration ranges suggest that using this test method to support prospective ERA is inadequate. However, the method can be an asset supporting retrospective ERA, as the responses seem to be shaped by the interplay of resilience drivers promoted by the local conditions, e.g. adaptive changes in assemblage structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Vidal
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Martha Santos
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana I Santos
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana T Luís
- Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; GeoBioTec - Geobiociências, Geotecnologias e Geo-engenharias, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário J Pereira
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nelson Abrantes
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Environment and Planning, Portugal
| | - Fernando J M Gonçalves
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana L Pereira
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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Tudi M, Daniel Ruan H, Wang L, Lyu J, Sadler R, Connell D, Chu C, Phung DT. Agriculture Development, Pesticide Application and Its Impact on the Environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1112. [PMID: 33513796 PMCID: PMC7908628 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 161.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are indispensable in agricultural production. They have been used by farmers to control weeds and insects, and their remarkable increases in agricultural products have been reported. The increase in the world's population in the 20th century could not have been possible without a parallel increase in food production. About one-third of agricultural products are produced depending on the application of pesticides. Without the use of pesticides, there would be a 78% loss of fruit production, a 54% loss of vegetable production, and a 32% loss of cereal production. Therefore, pesticides play a critical role in reducing diseases and increasing crop yields worldwide. Thus, it is essential to discuss the agricultural development process; the historical perspective, types and specific uses of pesticides; and pesticide behavior, its contamination, and adverse effects on the natural environment. The review study indicates that agricultural development has a long history in many places around the world. The history of pesticide use can be divided into three periods of time. Pesticides are classified by different classification terms such as chemical classes, functional groups, modes of action, and toxicity. Pesticides are used to kill pests and control weeds using chemical ingredients; hence, they can also be toxic to other organisms, including birds, fish, beneficial insects, and non-target plants, as well as air, water, soil, and crops. Moreover, pesticide contamination moves away from the target plants, resulting in environmental pollution. Such chemical residues impact human health through environmental and food contamination. In addition, climate change-related factors also impact on pesticide application and result in increased pesticide usage and pesticide pollution. Therefore, this review will provide the scientific information necessary for pesticide application and management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyesaier Tudi
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; (M.T.); (J.L.)
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; (H.D.R.); (R.S.); (C.C.); (D.T.P.)
| | - Huada Daniel Ruan
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; (H.D.R.); (R.S.); (C.C.); (D.T.P.)
- Environmental Science Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, 2000 Jintong Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai 519080, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; (M.T.); (J.L.)
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jia Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; (M.T.); (J.L.)
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ross Sadler
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; (H.D.R.); (R.S.); (C.C.); (D.T.P.)
| | - Des Connell
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessel Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia;
| | - Cordia Chu
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; (H.D.R.); (R.S.); (C.C.); (D.T.P.)
| | - Dung Tri Phung
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; (H.D.R.); (R.S.); (C.C.); (D.T.P.)
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Syafrudin M, Kristanti RA, Yuniarto A, Hadibarata T, Rhee J, Al-onazi WA, Algarni TS, Almarri AH, Al-Mohaimeed AM. Pesticides in Drinking Water-A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020468. [PMID: 33430077 PMCID: PMC7826868 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous problem of pesticide in aquatic environment are receiving worldwide concern as pesticide tends to accumulate in the body of the aquatic organism and sediment soil, posing health risks to the human. Many pesticide formulations had introduced due to the rapid growth in the global pesticide market result from the wide use of pesticides in agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The occurrence of pesticides in the water body is derived by the runoff from the agricultural field and industrial wastewater. Soluble pesticides were carried away by water molecules especially during the precipitation event by percolating downward into the soil layers and eventually reach surface waters and groundwater. Consequently, it degrades water quality and reduces the supply of clean water for potable water. Long-time exposure to the low concentration of pesticides had resulted in non-carcinogenic health risks. The conventional method of pesticide treatment processes encompasses coagulation-flocculation, adsorption, filtration and sedimentation, which rely on the phase transfer of pollutants. Those methods are often incurred with a relatively high operational cost and may cause secondary pollution such as sludge formation. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are recognized as clean technologies for the treatment of water containing recalcitrant and bio-refractory pollutants such as pesticides. It has been adopted as recent water purification technology because of the thermodynamic viability and broad spectrum of applicability. This work provides a comprehensive review for occurrence of pesticide in the drinking water and its possible treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Syafrudin
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (M.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Risky Ayu Kristanti
- Faculty of Military Engineering, Universitas Pertahanan, Bogor 16810, Indonesia;
| | - Adhi Yuniarto
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Planning and Geo-Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia;
| | - Tony Hadibarata
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, Miri 98009, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-85-630100 (ext. 2501)
| | - Jongtae Rhee
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (M.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Wedad A. Al-onazi
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (W.A.A.-o.); (T.S.A.); (A.M.A.-M.)
| | - Tahani Saad Algarni
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (W.A.A.-o.); (T.S.A.); (A.M.A.-M.)
| | - Abdulhadi H. Almarri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Alwajh, Tabuk University, Tabuk 1144, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amal M. Al-Mohaimeed
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (W.A.A.-o.); (T.S.A.); (A.M.A.-M.)
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Machado MD, Soares EV. Exposure of the alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata to environmentally relevant concentrations of the herbicide metolachlor: Impact on the redox homeostasis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111264. [PMID: 32911184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the herbicide metolachlor (MET) on the redox homeostasis of the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. At low MET concentrations (≤40 μg L-1), no effects on algal cells were detected. The exposure of P. subcapitata to 45-235 μg L-1 MET induced a significant increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The intracellular levels of ROS were particularly increased at high (115 and 235 μg L-1) but environmentally relevant MET concentrations. The exposure of algal cells to 115 and 235 μg L-1 MET originated a decrease in the levels of antioxidants molecules (reduced glutathione and carotenoids) as well as a reduction of the activity of scavenging enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase). These results suggest that antioxidant (non-enzymatic and enzymatic) defenses were affected by the excess of MET. As consequence of this imbalance (ROS overproduction and decline of the antioxidant system), ROS inflicted oxidative injury with lipid peroxidation and damage of cell membrane integrity. The results provide further insights about the toxic modes of action of MET on a non-target organism and emphasize the relevance of toxicological studies in the assessment of the impact of herbicides in freshwater environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela D Machado
- Bioengineering Laboratory-CIET, ISEP-School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal; CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo V Soares
- Bioengineering Laboratory-CIET, ISEP-School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal; CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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Sayed SSM, Abdel-Motleb A, Saleh HA, El-Hamid RMA, Kader AA, Abdel-Wareth MTA. Pollution by organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides residues in watercourses of some Egyptian governorates with reference to the distribution of macroinvertebrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00207233.2020.1851967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara S. M. Sayed
- Environmental Research and Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Abdel-Motleb
- Environmental Research and Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassnaa A. Saleh
- Environmental Research and Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Abd El-Hamid
- Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel Kader
- Environmental Research and Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa T. A. Abdel-Wareth
- Environmental Research and Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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Khan MA, Costa FB, Fenton O, Jordan P, Fennell C, Mellander PE. Using a multi-dimensional approach for catchment scale herbicide pollution assessments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141232. [PMID: 32771787 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide herbicide use in agriculture, whilst safeguarding yields also presents water quality issues. Controlling factors in agricultural catchments include both static and dynamic parameters. The present study investigated the occurrence of herbicides in streams and groundwater in two meso-scale catchments with contrasting flow controls and agricultural landuse (grassland and arable land). Using a multi-dimensional approach, streams were monitored from November 2018 to November 2019 using Chemcatcher® passive sampling devices and groundwater was sampled in 95 private drinking water wells. The concentrations of herbicides were larger in the stream of the Grassland catchment (8.9-472.6 ng L-1) dominated by poorly drained soils than in the Arable catchment (0.9-169.1 ng L-1) dominated by well-drained soils. Incidental losses of herbicides during time of application and low flows in summer caused concentrations of MCPA, Fluroxypyr, Trichlorpyr, Clopyralid and Mecoprop to exceeded the European Union (EU) drinking water standard due to a lack of dilution. Herbicides were present in the stream throughout the year and the total mass load was higher in winter flows, suggesting a persistence of primary chemical residues in soil and sub-surface environments and restricted degradation. Losses of herbicides to the streams were source limited and influenced by hydrological conditions. Herbicides were detected in 38% of surveyed drinking water wells. While most areas had concentrations below the EU drinking water standard some areas with well-drained soils in the Grassland catchment, had concentrations exceeding recommendations. Individual wells had concentrations of Clopyralid (619 ng L-1) and Trichlorpyr (650 ng L-1). Despite the study areas not usually associated with herbicide pollution, and annual mass loads being comparatively low, many herbicides were present in both surface and groundwater, sometimes above the recommendations for drinking water. This whole catchment assessment provides a basis to develop collaborative measures to mitigate pollution of water by herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ali Khan
- Crops, Environment and Land Use Programme, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Fabiola Barros Costa
- Crops, Environment and Land Use Programme, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Owen Fenton
- Crops, Environment and Land Use Programme, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Phil Jordan
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Chris Fennell
- Crops, Environment and Land Use Programme, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Per-Erik Mellander
- Crops, Environment and Land Use Programme, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Co. Wexford, Ireland; Agricultural Catchments Programme, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Co. Wexford, Ireland.
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Li X, Tian T, Shang X, Zhang R, Xie H, Wang X, Wang H, Xie Q, Chen J, Kadokami K. Occurrence and Health Risks of Organic Micro-Pollutants and Metals in Groundwater of Chinese Rural Areas. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:107010. [PMID: 33124919 PMCID: PMC7598030 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Groundwater is a main drinking-water source for Chinese rural residents. The overall pollution status of organic micropollutants (OMPs) and metals in the groundwater and corresponding health risks are unknown. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to comprehensively screen for and assess the health risks of OMPs and metals in groundwater of rural areas in China where groundwater is used for drinking so as to provide a benchmark for monitoring and improving groundwater quality in future developments. METHODS One hundred sixty-six groundwater samples were collected in the rural areas of China, and 1,300 OMPs and 25 metals were screened by GC-MS, LC-QTOF/MS, and ICP-MS analysis. To assess the noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of the detected pollutants, missing toxicity threshold values were extrapolated from existing databases or predicted by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. Monte Carlo simulation was performed to account for uncertainties in the exposure parameters and toxicity thresholds. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-three OMPs and 25 metals were detected from the 166 samples. The concentration summation for the detected OMPs ranged from 2.9 to 1.7×105ng/L among the different sampling sites. Cumulative noncarcinogenic risks for the OMPs were estimated to be negligible. However, high metal risks were calculated in 23% of the sites. Forty-two carcinogens (including 38 OMPs) were identified and the cumulative carcinogenic risks in 34% of the sites were calculated to be >10-4 (i.e., one excess cancer case in a population of 10 thousand people). The carcinogenic risks were estimated to be mainly associated with exposures to the metals, which were calculated to contribute 79% (0-100%) of the cumulative carcinogenic risks. DISCUSSION The overall status of OMPs and metals pollution in the groundwater and the corresponding health risks were determined preliminarily, which may provide a benchmark for future efforts in China to ensure the safety of drinking water for the local residents in rural areas. The joint application of QSARs and Monte Carlo simulation provided a feasible way to comprehensively assess the health risks of the large and ever-increasing number of pollutants detected in the aquatic environment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6483.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaochen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Ruohan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Huaijun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xuejian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Hanwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Kiwao Kadokami
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Su Y, Wang S, Zhang N, Cui P, Gao Y, Bao T. Zr-MOF modified cotton fiber for pipette tip solid-phase extraction of four phenoxy herbicides in complex samples. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110764. [PMID: 32480162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Phenoxy herbicides are widely applied in agricultural weeding. The determination of herbicides is important in environmental protection, agricultural production, food safety, and public health. In this study, a facile and efficient analytical method was proposed for the trace detection of phenoxy herbicides in soil, cucumber, and tap water samples by coupling pipette tip solid phase extraction (PT-SPE) with high performance liquid chromatography. UiO-66-funtionalized cotton (Cotton@UiO-66) was packed into pipette-tip as sorbent to fabricate extraction device. The modification of UiO-66 on cotton fiber was confirmed using scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The main factors affecting the adsorption of Cotton@UiO-66 for four phenoxy herbicides were evaluated by response surface methodology in detail. Under optimized conditions, Cotton@UiO-66 displayed excellent properties in the extraction of phenoxy herbicides with good peak shape. Linear ranges of 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, dicamba, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) propionic acid were 1.4-72 μg/L, 5.6-280 μg/L, 2.8-140 μg/L and 3.2-160 μg/L (RSDs < 6.3%), respectively. The recoveries were between 83.3 and 106.8% with RSDs <6.7%, with detection limits ranging from 0.1 μg/L to 0.3 μg/L. The results show that Cotton@UiO-66 in PT-SPE is an effective method for monitoring phenoxy herbicides in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Sicen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ping Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Tao Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Exposure Level of Neonicotinoid Insecticides in the Food Chain and the Evaluation of Their Human Health Impact and Environmental Risk: An Overview. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12187523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides (neonics) were the most rapidly growing class of insecticides over the past few decades, and are used mainly for vegetables, fruits, and grains. Although neonics exhibit lower toxicity in mammals and humans compared to traditional insecticides, increasing numbers of studies are demonstrating that neonics may accumulate in the food chain and environmental media. Long-term exposure to neonics may raise potential risks to animals and even to humans. The present report reviews the development, application, and prohibition of neonics in the farmland ecosystem, and summarizes the exposure level and harmful effects of these insecticides in the food chain. In addition, the present review analyzes and summarizes the evaluation of the human health impact and environmental risk of the neonics, and overviews the unresolved problems and future research directions in this field. The aim of the present report was to review the exposure level, potential toxicity, human health impact, and environmental risk assessment of neonics in various media in order to provide reliable technical support for strengthening the environmental and food safety supervision and green pesticide designing.
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Kanyika-Mbewe C, Thole B, Makwinja R, Kaonga CC. Monitoring of carbaryl and cypermethrin concentrations in water and soil in Southern Malawi. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:595. [PMID: 32827100 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbaryl (a carbamate insecticide) and cypermethrin (a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide) are extensively used in agriculture. However, the presence of these insecticides in the environment constitutes a significant source of ecological contamination. This study determined the levels of these insecticides in Lisungwi, Neno District, a cotton-growing area in Southern Malawi. A total of 81 soil samples (500 g each) were collected from six sampling points (33 in dry season and 48 rainy season). A total of 86 water samples (500 ml each) were collected seasonally (20 from shallow wells, 18 from streams, and 48 from boreholes). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine carbaryl while UV/Vis spectrophotometer detected cypermethrin. Paired t test showed a significant (p < 0.05) difference between rainy season carbaryl (in water and soil) and maximum recommended levels (MRL) (Canadian guidelines and Australian Guidelines). Similarly, a significant (p < 0.05) difference between carbaryl and WHO limits and US MRL was reported in water and soil during the rainy season. A similar observation was made for cypermethrin. Specifically, carbaryl (0.083-0.254 mg/L in surface water and 0.165-0.492 mg/L in groundwater) and cypermethrin (8.115-15.460 mg/L in surface water and 4.48-12.18 mg/L in groundwater) concentrations during the rainy season were above the recommended limits. On the other hand, cypermethrin (0.01-0.048 mg/L) in the soil samples during the rainy season was below the recommended limits while carbaryl (1.67-1.305 mg/L) was above the recommended limits. Higher carbaryl and cypermethrin values were recorded during the rainy season than the dry season. Nitrate, pH, and EC and the insecticides (carbaryl and cypermethrin) depicted strong correlation and significance (p < 0.05), suggesting that these factors influenced their persistence in both soil and water. The study provides evidence that Lisungwi has cypermethrin and carbaryl concentrations above the recommended limits and their presence varies with seasons-a situation considered to be a serious threat to both aquatic biota and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charity Kanyika-Mbewe
- Physics and Biochemical Sciences Department, University of Malawi, The Polytechnic, P/Bag 303, Chichiri, Blantyre, 3, Malawi
| | - Benard Thole
- Physics and Biochemical Sciences Department, University of Malawi, The Polytechnic, P/Bag 303, Chichiri, Blantyre, 3, Malawi
| | - Rodgers Makwinja
- African Center of Excellence for Water Management, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Senga Bay Fisheries Research Unit, P.O.Box 316, Salima, Malawi
| | - Chikumbusko Chiziwa Kaonga
- Physics and Biochemical Sciences Department, University of Malawi, The Polytechnic, P/Bag 303, Chichiri, Blantyre, 3, Malawi.
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The Use of Aptamers and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring: A Tale of Two Receptors. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective molecular recognition remains a major challenge in the development of robust receptors for biosensing applications. Over the last three decades, aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged as the receptors of choice for use in biosensors as viable alternatives to natural antibodies, due to their superior stability, comparable binding performance, and lower costs. Although both of these technologies have been developed in parallel, they both suffer from their own unique problems. In this review, we will compare and contrast both types of receptor, with a focus on the area of environmental monitoring. Firstly, we will discuss the strategies and challenges involved in their development. We will also discuss the challenges that are involved in interfacing them with the biosensors. We will then compare and contrast their performance with a focus on their use in the detection of environmental contaminants, namely, antibiotics, pesticides, heavy metals, and pathogens detection. Finally, we will discuss the future direction of these two technologies.
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Perovani IS, Carrão DB, de Albuquerque NCP, de Oliveira ARM. Enantioselective in vitro metabolism and in vitro-in vivo correlation of the herbicide ethofumesate in a human model. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 187:113349. [PMID: 32413833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ethofumesate (ETO) is a chiral herbicide that is marketed as a racemic mixture in the European Union and the United States. The growing consumption of pesticides in the world, along with their presence in water and food, has increased human exposure to these chemicals. Another issue concerning these compounds is that each enantiomer of a chiral pesticide may interact with biomolecules differently. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate the in vitro metabolism of ethofumesate (the racemic mixture as well as the isolated enantiomers) by human liver microsomes (HLM) and to explore the in vitro-in vivo correlation. Before the kinetics was determined, the method was fully validated by evaluating its selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, carryover, and stability. All the evaluated parameters agreed with the European Medicines Agency guideline. The enzyme kinetic parameters and the in vitro-in vivo correlation demonstrated that there was no enantioselective difference for the metabolism and bioavailable fraction of each enantiomer. The enzyme kinetics was biphasic; the KM1 values were 15, 5.8, and 5.6 for rac-ETO, (+)-ETO, and (-)-ETO, respectively. The total in vitro intrinsic clearance was 0.10 mg mL min-1 mg-1 for rac-ETO and its enantiomers. The enantiomer (-)-ETO was only metabolized by CYP2C19, while (+)-ETO was metabolized by both CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. CYP2C19 polymorphism and/or inhibition may represent a risk for humans exposed to this pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Icaro Salgado Perovani
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Blascke Carrão
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayara Cristina Perez de Albuquerque
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigo Moraes de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Unesp, Institute of Chemistry, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Farounbi AI, Ngqwala NP. Occurrence of selected endocrine disrupting compounds in the eastern cape province of South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:17268-17279. [PMID: 32152855 PMCID: PMC7192885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting compounds are attracting attention worldwide because of their effects on living things in the environment. Ten endocrine disrupting compounds: 4-nonylphenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, estrone, 17β-estradiol, bisphenol A, 4-tert-octylphenol, triclosan, atrazine, imidazole and 1,2,4-triazole were investigated in four rivers and wastewater treatment plants in this study. Rivers were sampled at upstream, midstream and downstream reaches, while the influent and effluent samples of wastewater were collected from treatment plants near the receiving rivers. Sample waters were freeze-dried followed by extraction of the organic content and purification by solid-phase extraction. Concentrations of the compounds in the samples were determined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The instrument was operated in the positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. The results showed that these compounds are present in the samples with nonylphenol > dichlorophenol > bisphenol A > triclosan > octylphenol > imidazole > atrazine > triazole > estrone > estradiol. Nonylphenol has its highest concentration of 6.72 μg/L in King Williams Town wastewater influent and 2.55 μg/L in midstream Bloukrans River. Dichlorophenol has its highest concentration in Alice wastewater influent with 2.20 μg/L, while it was 0.737 μg/L in midstream Bloukrans River. Uitenhage wastewater effluent has bisphenol A concentration of 1.684 μg/L while it was 0.477 μg/L in the downstream samples of the Bloukrans River. Generally, the upstream samples of the rivers had lesser concentrations of the compounds. The wastewater treatment plants were not able to achieve total removal of the compounds in the wastewater while runoffs and wastes dump from the cities contributed to the concentrations of the compounds in the rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebayo I. Farounbi
- Environmental Health and Biotechnology Research Group, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140 South Africa
| | - Nosiphiwe P. Ngqwala
- Environmental Health and Biotechnology Research Group, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140 South Africa
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Machado MD, Soares EV. Reproductive cycle progression arrest and modification of cell morphology (shape and biovolume) in the alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to metolachlor. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 222:105449. [PMID: 32109756 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metolachlor (MET) is an herbicide widely used and frequently found (at μg L-1) in aquatic systems. This work aimed to study the modes of action of MET on the green microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Algae exposed to 115 or 235 μg L-1 MET, for 48 or 72 h, presented a reduction of metabolic activity, chlorophyll a and b content and photosynthetic efficiency. The exposure to 115 or 235 μg L-1 MET also induced growth yield reduction, mean cell biovolume increase and alteration of the typical algae shape (cells lunate or helically twisted) to "French croissant"-type; at these MET concentrations, algal population was mainly composed by multinucleated cells (≥ 4 nuclei), which suggest that MET impairs the normal progression of the reproductive cycle but did not hinder nuclear division. The accumulation of multinucleated cells seems to be the consequence of the incapacity of the parent cell to release the autospores. In conclusion, MET disrupts the physiology of P. subcapitata cells; the disturbance of the progression of the reproductive cycle should be in the origin of growth slowdown (or even its arrest), increase of mean cell biovolume and modification of algal shape. This work contributed to elucidate, in a systematically and integrated way, the toxic mechanism of MET on the non-target organism, the alga P. subcapitata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela D Machado
- Bioengineering Laboratory-CIETI, ISEP-School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo V Soares
- Bioengineering Laboratory-CIETI, ISEP-School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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