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Karim S, Alkreathy H, Khan MI. Untargeted metabolic profiling of high-dose methotrexate toxicity shows alteration in betaine metabolism. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38938090 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2369587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a well-established adverse effect of several drugs across multiple therapeutic indications. It is particularly prevalent following anticancer therapy. In order to evaluate the changes in cellular metabolism associated with methotrexate cardiotoxicity, we treated Wistar rats with a single high dose of methotrexate (HDMTX), and after five days, the animals were sacrificed. We then analyzed the cardiotoxicity parameters in serum like Cardiac enzymes(CK-MB, Troponin T, ALP), Inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-6), oxidative stress markers (NO, NOX-2), histopathology and cardiac tissue with the goal of identifying a metabolic signature of cardiotoxicity using discovery-based metabolomics. The biochemical parameters for cardiac enzymes, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers showed a significant increase in all three categories in rats treated with HDMTX. These findings were mirrored in the histopathological analysis confirming cardiotoxicity due to HDMTX. The results showed a total of 95 metabolites that were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) modulated: either up- or downregulated in the HDMTX-treated group when compared with the control group. Using integrated pathway analysis we found these metabolites were associated with many important cardiac tissue metabolic pathways, such as the malate aspartate shuttle, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, betaine metabolism, spermidine biosynthesis, and homocysteine degradation. Among them, L-arginine, homocysteine, and betaine were significantly upregulated, suggesting their possible association with cardiac tissue injury. Overall, we provided evidence for using untargeted metabolomics to identify novel metabolites associated with HDMTX cardiac toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Karim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Alkreathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Medhat D, El-Bana MA, El-Tantawy El-Sayed I, Ahmed AAS, El-Naggar ME, Hussein J. Investigating the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Quinoline Derivative: N1-(5-methyl-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolin-11-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Hydrochloride Loaded Soluble Starch Nanoparticles Against Methotrexate-induced Inflammation in Experimental Model. Biol Proced Online 2024; 26:16. [PMID: 38831428 PMCID: PMC11149278 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-024-00240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is necessary to develop advanced therapies utilizing natural ingredients with anti-inflammatory qualities in order to lessen the negative effects of chemotherapeutics. RESULTS The bioactive N1-(5-methyl-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolin-11-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine hydrochloride (NIQBD) was synthesized. After that, soluble starch nanoparticles (StNPs) was used as a carrier for the synthesized NIQBD with different concentrations (50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg). The obtained StNPs loaded with different concentrations of NIQBD were coded as StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3. It was observed that, StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3 exhibited an average size of 246, 300, and 328 nm, respectively. Additionally, they also formed with homogeneity particles as depicted from polydispersity index values (PDI). The PDI values of StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3 are 0.298, 0.177, and 0.262, respectively. In vivo investigation of the potential properties of the different concentrations of StNPs loaded with NIQBD against MTX-induced inflammation in the lung and liver showed a statistically substantial increase in levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) accompanied by a significant decrease in levels of oxidants such as malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), matrix metalloproteinase 9/Gelatinase B (MMP-9), and levels of inflammatory mediators including interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in both lung and liver tissues, and a significant decrease in levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) compared to the MTX-induced inflammation group. The highly significant results were obtained by treatment with a concentration of 200 mg/mL. Histopathological examination supported these results, where treatment showed minimal inflammatory infiltration and congestion in lung tissue, a mildly congested central vein, and mild activation of Kupffer cells in liver tissues. CONCLUSION Combining the treatment of MTX with natural antioxidant supplements may help reducing the associated oxidation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Medhat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mona A El-Bana
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Abdullah A S Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32511, Shebin El Koom, Egypt
| | - Mehrez E El-Naggar
- Institute of Textile Research and Technology, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jihan Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Dong Y, Li G, Wang S. Thymoquinone: An Effective Natural Compound for Kidney Protection. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:775-797. [PMID: 38715182 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Kidney disease is a common health problem worldwide. Acute or chronic injuries may interfere with kidney functions, eventually resulting in irreversible kidney damage. A number of recent studies have shown that the plant-derived natural products have an extensive potential for renal protection. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an essential compound derived from Nigella Sativa (NS), which is widely applied in the Middle East as a folk medicine. Previous experiments have demonstrated that TQ has a variety of potential pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective activities. In particular, the prominent renal protective efficacy of TQ has been demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. TQ can prevent acute kidney injuries from various xenobiotics through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects. In addition, TQ exhibited significant pharmacological effects on renal cell carcinoma, renal fibrosis, and urinary calculi. The essential mechanisms involve scavenging ROS and increasing anti-oxidant activity, decreasing inflammatory mediators, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting migration and invasion. The purpose of this review is to conclude the pharmacological effects and the potential mechanisms of TQ in renal protection, shedding new light on the exploration of medicinal phyto-protective agents targeting kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Gebin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shuaiyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Center of Research and Innovation of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Kazak F, Uyar A, Coskun P, Yaman T. Nobiletin alleviates methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:134-146. [PMID: 38563051 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2335168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the possible ameliorative effects of nobiletin (NBL) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely: Control; MTX (administered 20 mg/kg MTX); MTX+NBL (administered 20 mg/kg MTX and 10 mg/kg NBL per day); and NBL (administered 10 mg/kg/day NBL). Histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses were performed on the kidney and liver tissues of rats at the end of the study. MTX caused renal toxicity, as indicated by increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and caspase-3, as well as decreases in reduced glutathione (GSH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). MTX also caused hepatotoxicity, as indicated by increases in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), MDA and caspase-3 and decrease in interleukin 10 (IL-10), GSH, total antioxidant capacity, GPx, G6PD, CAT and Bcl-2. MTX caused histopathological changes in kidney and liver tissues indicating tissue and cellular damage. Administration of NBL concurrently with methotrexate reduced oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic signs, and prevented kidney and liver damage caused by methotrexate. We consider NBL has attenuating and ameliorating effects on methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Kazak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Pinar Coskun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Turan Yaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Li S, Zhao Z. Thymoquinone alleviates cisplatin-induced kidney damage by reducing apoptosis in a rat model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24840. [PMID: 38304804 PMCID: PMC10831771 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to compare the ameliorating effects of thymoquinone at various dosages on cisplatin-induced renal toxicity, and to investigate its effects on cisplatin-induced nephrocyte apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in a rat model. Methods A rat model of cisplatin-induced renal damage was established, with thymoquinone treatment groups (receiving 1, 3, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of thymoquinone). We determined serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), measured the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, caspase-3, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in renal tissue. Additionally, we observed pathological changes in renal tissue and performed paller score for renal tubule injury. Results Relative to the control, the cisplatin group exhibited significantly elevated Bax, caspase-3, NGAL and KIM-1 expression, elevated serum Cr and BUN concentrations and significantly reduced Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.05). Histopathological examination of cisplatin-treated group revealed vacuolar degeneration, tubular epithelial cell swelling, and an absence of brush margins on renal tubules. Paller score was significantly elevated in the cisplatin group relative to the normal control group. Thymoquinone dose-dependently ameliorated these effects. Conclusion Thymoquinone at 1-20 mg/kg improved cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction in rats. This protective effect is related to the inhibition of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Zhanxue Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
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Abbas NAT, El-Sayed SS, Abd El-Fatah SS, Sarhan WM, Abdelghany EMA, Sarhan O, Mahmoud SS. Mechanistic aspects of ameliorative effects of Eicosapentanoic acid ethyl ester on methotrexate-evoked testiculopathy in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:357-369. [PMID: 37450014 PMCID: PMC10771366 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Disrupted spermatogenesis and testicular injury are among the devastating outcomes of methotrexate. A major contributor to methotrexate-induced testiculopathy is oxidative damage which triggers apoptosis and altered autophagy responses. Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E) is an antihyperlipidemic derivative of omega-3 fatty acids that exhibited affinity to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) that possesses both antioxidant and autophagy modulating properties. This is an exploratory study aiming at assessing the effectiveness of EPA-E to alleviate testicular damage induced by methotrexate. The specific exploratory hypothesis of this experiment is: EPA-E administration for 1 week to methotrexate-treated rats reduces testicular damage compared to control rats. As a secondary outcome, we were interested in identifying the implicated mechanism that mediates the action of EPA-E. In adult male Wistar rats, testiculopathy was achieved by a single methotrexate injection (20 mg/kg, ip). Rats received vehicle, EPA-E (0.3 g/kg/day, po) alone or with selective PPAR-γ antagonist (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, BADGE) at 30 mg/kg/day, ip for 1 week. EPA-E recuperated methotrexate-attenuated serum total testosterone while reduced testicular inflammation and oxidative stress, restoring superoxide dismutase (SOD) while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Methotrexate-induced testicular apoptosis (caspase-3 and p53) was suppressed upon EPA-E treatment. Besides, EPA-E curbed methotrexate-induced abnormal autophagy by downregulating LC3A/B and beclin-1. Interestingly, BADGE-coadministration reversed EPA-E beneficial actions. Collectively, our findings suggest PPAR-γ role in EPA-E-mediated mitigation of methotrexate-evoked testiculopathy via suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis, as well as abnormal autophagy. Furthermore, EPA-E could be used as a preventive therapy for some testiculopathies mediated by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A T Abbas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
| | - Samaa Salah Abd El-Fatah
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
| | - Walaa M Sarhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine (WFIRM), Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Eman M A Abdelghany
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
| | - Omnia Sarhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shireen S Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, 44519, Egypt
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Aslani MR, Saadat S, Boskabady MH. Comprehensive and updated review on anti-oxidant effects of Nigella sativa and its constituent, thymoquinone, in various disorders. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:923-951. [PMID: 38911247 PMCID: PMC11193497 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.75985.16453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Several pharmacological effects were described for Nigella sativa (N. sativa) seed and it has been used traditionally to treat various diseases. In this review article, the updated and comprehensive anti-oxidant effects of N. sativa and its main constituent, thymoquinone (TQ), on various disorders are described. The relevant articles were retrieved through PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus up to December 31, 2023. Various extracts and essential oils of N. sativa showed anti-oxidant effects on cardiovascular, endocrine, gastrointestinal and liver, neurologic, respiratory, and urogenital diseases by decreasing and increasing various oxidant and anti-oxidant marketers, respectively. The main constituent of the plant, TQ, also showed similar anti-oxidant effects as the plant itself. The anti-oxidant effects of different extracts and essential oils of N. sativa were demonstrated in various studies which were perhaps due to the main constituent of the plant, TQ. The findings of this review article suggest the possible therapeutic effect of N. sativa and TQ in oxidative stress disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Aslani
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Lung Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeideh Saadat
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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Wasfey EF, Shaaban M, Essam M, Ayman Y, Kamar S, Mohasseb T, Rozik R, Khaled H, Eladly M, Elissawi M, Bassem A, Elshora SZ, Radwan SM. Infliximab Ameliorates Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Experimental Rat Model: Impact on Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Apoptotic and Autophagic Machineries. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:717-726. [PMID: 37656380 PMCID: PMC10611839 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating data confirms that Methotrexate (MTX), a well-known immunosuppressive and anticancer drug, causes nephrotoxicity. Infliximab (INF), the inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), was proven to have anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, it may have potential in preventing MTX-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to inspect the prospective nephroprotective effect of INF on MTX-induced rat nephrotoxicity through investigating the possible molecular mechanisms, including its interference with different death routes, oxidative stress as well as mitochondrial biogenesis. Rats received an INF intraperitoneal single dose of 7 mg/kg 72 h prior to a single 20 mg/kg MTX injection. MTX nephrotoxicity was demonstrated by significantly increased serum levels of the renal indicators urea and creatinine as well as renal inflammatory markers TNF-α and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the renal oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA), while renal antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly decreased compared to control. INF injection prior to MTX markedly reversed these MTX-induced effects. Besides, MTX impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, while INF attenuated this impairment, as indicated by increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). Finally, MTX triggered apoptotic and autophagic cascades in renal tissues as evidenced by reduced anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression as well as elevated expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and both key regulators of autophagy; beclin-1 and LC-3, whereas INF pretreatment counteracted these apoptotic and autophagic effects of MTX. Summarily, these results suggest that INF provides protection against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity which could be elucidated by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-autophagic effects as well as upregulating mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman F Wasfey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marah Shaaban
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manalia Essam
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Youssef Ayman
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma Kamar
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tasneem Mohasseb
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana Rozik
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Huda Khaled
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Eladly
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Elissawi
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Bassem
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Z Elshora
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara M Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Nassar WM, El-Kholy WM, El-Sawi MR, El-Shafai NM, Alotaibi BS, Ghamry HI, Shukry M. Ameliorative Effect of Thymoquinone and Thymoquinone Nanoparticles against Diazinon-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: A Possible Protection Mechanism. TOXICS 2023; 11:783. [PMID: 37755793 PMCID: PMC10536923 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of thymoquinone (TQ) have been a significant focus of numerous studies. However, more research is needed to ascertain whether its nano-form can effectively treat or prevent chronic diseases. In this study, we investigated how thymoquinone and its nanoparticles can mitigate liver damage induced by diazinon in male Wistar rats and explored the intracellular mechanisms involved. Forty-two Wistar male rats (n = 42) were randomly allotted into seven groups. Group 1 served as the control. Group 2 (vehicle) consisted of rats that received corn oil via a gastric tube daily. In Group 3 (TQ), rats were given a daily oral administration of TQ (40 mg/kg bw). Group 4 (thymoquinone nanoparticles, NTQ) included rats that received NTQ (0.5 mg/kg bw) orally for 21 days. Group 5 (DZN) involved rats that were administered diazinon (DZN, 15 mg/kg bw) orally. In Group 6 (TQ + DZN), rats first received TQ orally, followed by DZN. Group 7 (NTQ + DZN) consisted of rats receiving NTQ orally, then DZN. After 21 days of treatment, the rats were euthanized. After oral administration of DZN, liver enzymes were significantly elevated (p < 0.05). Additionally, there were noticeable increases in oxidative injury markers, such as nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, redox oxygen radicals, and overall increases in hydrogen peroxide and liver protein carbonyl concentrations. This was accompanied by the upregulation of apoptotic markers (Bax, caspase9, caspase 3, bax/Bcl2 ratio), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), and DNA damage. There was also a noteworthy decrease (p < 0.05) in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and anti-apoptotic markers. However, the oral administration of thymoquinone or its nanoparticle form mitigated these diazinon complications; our histopathological findings corroborated our biochemical and molecular observations. In conclusion, the significant antioxidant properties of thymoquinone, or its nanoparticle form, in tandem with the downregulation of apoptotic markers and inflammatory cytokines, provided a protective effect against hepatic dysfunction caused by diazinon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M. Nassar
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M. El-Kholy
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh R. El-Sawi
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Nagi M. El-Shafai
- Nanotechnology Center, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba I. Ghamry
- Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Home Economics, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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10
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Dong Y, Qi Y, Jiang H, Mi T, Zhang Y, Peng C, Li W, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Zang Y, Li J. The development and benefits of metformin in various diseases. Front Med 2023; 17:388-431. [PMID: 37402952 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-0998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Metformin has been used for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus for decades due to its safety, low cost, and outstanding hypoglycemic effect clinically. The mechanisms underlying these benefits are complex and still not fully understood. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory-chain complex I is the most described downstream mechanism of metformin, leading to reduced ATP production and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Meanwhile, many novel targets of metformin have been gradually discovered. In recent years, multiple pre-clinical and clinical studies are committed to extend the indications of metformin in addition to diabetes. Herein, we summarized the benefits of metformin in four types of diseases, including metabolic associated diseases, cancer, aging and age-related diseases, neurological disorders. We comprehensively discussed the pharmacokinetic properties and the mechanisms of action, treatment strategies, the clinical application, the potential risk of metformin in various diseases. This review provides a brief summary of the benefits and concerns of metformin, aiming to interest scientists to consider and explore the common and specific mechanisms and guiding for the further research. Although there have been countless studies of metformin, longitudinal research in each field is still much warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yingbei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tian Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yunkai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wanchen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Yubo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| | - Yi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China.
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11
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Wang SC, Huang YC, Hsiao CC, Sheen JM, Huang LT, Lo WS, Hsieh HY, Chen YC. Melatonin protects against methotrexate hepatotoxicity in young rats: Impact of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23323. [PMID: 36890697 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
With the improvement in children's acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) care, the survival rate in children ALL has improved much. Methotrexate (MTX) plays an essential role in the success of children's ALL treatment. Since hepatotoxicity is commonly reported in individuals treated with intravenous or oral MTX, our study further examined the hepatic effect following intrathecal MTX treatment, which is an essential treatment for leukemia patients. Specifically, we examined the pathogenesis of MTX hepatotoxicity in young rats and explored the impact of melatonin treatment in protection against MTX hepatotoxicity. Successfully, we found that melatonin was able to protect against MTX hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Chen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chuan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Ming Sheen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Tung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Lo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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12
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El-Kashef DH, Sewilam HM. Empagliflozin mitigates methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity: Targeting ASK-1/JNK/Caspase-3 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109494. [PMID: 36462340 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) administration causes hepatotoxicity, a serious side effect limiting its clinical use. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the beneficial effect of empagliflozin (Empa) against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. Adult male albino mice were pre-treated with Empa (at 10 or 25 mg/kg/d, orally) for 6 days and then received a single MTX injection (at 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Empa effectively ameliorated MTX-induced structural and functional alterations. It significantly decreased transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels and increased albumin levels in the serum. Moreover, Empa restored the oxidant/antioxidant balance as indicated by reduced malondialdehyde and total nitrite/nitrate contents and elevated reduced glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity. Additionally, Empa (10 and 25 mg/kg) markedly suppressed the elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, BCL2 associated X protein, and Caspase-3 in hepatic tissues and increased the hepatic interleukin-10 levels. Furthermore, Empa substantially decreased nuclear factor kappa B expression in hepatic tissues. These biochemical findings were further confirmed by histopathological and transmission electron microscopy observations. Therefore, Empa might be used as an adjuvant to ameliorate MTX-induced hepatotoxicity after further clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia H El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Haitham M Sewilam
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Matouk AI, Awad EM, El-Tahawy NF, El-Sheikh AA, Waz S. Dihydromyricetin alleviates methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity via suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome/caspase 1 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113752. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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14
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El-Agawy MSED, Badawy AMM, Rabei MR, Elshaer MMA, El Nashar EM, Alghamdi MA, Alshehri MA, Elsayed HRH. Methotrexate-Induced Alteration of Renal Aquaporins 1 and 2, Oxidative Stress and Tubular Apoptosis Can Be Attenuated by Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12794. [PMID: 36361584 PMCID: PMC9653681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a potent anti-cancer drug, commonly associated with nephrotoxicity via the induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis with alteration of renal water channel proteins, namely aquaporins (AQPs). Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) have shown cytoprotective effects through their anti-oxidant and antiapoptotic activities. The present study aims for the first time to explore the role of LC-PUFA against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were divided into the following groups: saline control, LC-PUFA control, MTX, MTX + LC-PUFA (150 mg/kg), or MTX + LC-PUFA (300 mg/kg). Then, H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining for the anti-apoptosis marker B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), the apoptosis marker BCL2-Associated X Protein (BAX), the proinflammatory marker Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), AQPs 1 and 2 were performed in kidney sections with an assessment of renal oxidative stress. The MTX caused a renal histopathological alteration, upregulated renal BAX and NF-kB, downregulated Bcl-2 and AQP1, altered the distribution of AQP2, and caused oxidative stress. The LC-PUFA attenuated the pathological changes and decreased renal BAX and NF-kB, increased BCL-2 and AQP1, restored the normal distribution of AQP2, and decreased the oxidative stress. Therefore, LC-PUFA is a good adjuvant to MTX to prevent its adverse effects on kidneys through its antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effect and its role in the restoration of the expression of AQPs 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosaab Salah El-din El-Agawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura 35712, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed R. Rabei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai 46511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelraheem Elshaer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai 46511, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamad El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Mansour A. Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alshehri
- Nephrology Section, Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Reda Hassan Elsayed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura 35712, Egypt
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15
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The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102053. [PMID: 36296329 PMCID: PMC9608860 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There are multiple concerns associated with methotrexate (MTX), widely recognized for anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects in life-threatening disease conditions, i.e., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to long-term side effects and associated toxicity, which limits its valuable potential. MTX acts as an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, leading to suppression of purine and pyrimidine synthesis in high metabolic and turnover cells, targeting cancer and dysregulated immune cells. Due to low discrimination between neoplastic cells and naturally high turnover cells, MTX is prone to inhibiting the division of all fast-dividing cells, causing toxicity in multiple organs. Nutraceutical compounds are plant-based or food-derived compounds, used for their preventive and therapeutic role, ascertained in multiple organ dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites take part in multiple physiological processes, their dysregulation being involved in disease pathogenesis. Modulation of gut microbiota by using nutraceutical compounds represents a promising therapeutic direction to restore intestinal dysfunction associated with MTX treatment. In this review, we address the main organ dysfunctions induced by MTX treatment, and modulations of them by using nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, we revealed the protective mechanisms of nutraceuticals in MTX-induced intestinal dysfunctions by modulation of gut microbiota.
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16
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Talib WH, Daoud S, Mahmod AI, Hamed RA, Awajan D, Abuarab SF, Odeh LH, Khater S, Al Kury LT. Plants as a Source of Anticancer Agents: From Bench to Bedside. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154818. [PMID: 35956766 PMCID: PMC9369847 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Conventional anticancer therapies are associated with lack of selectivity and serious side effects. Cancer hallmarks are biological capabilities acquired by cancer cells during neoplastic transformation. Targeting multiple cancer hallmarks is a promising strategy to treat cancer. The diversity in chemical structure and the relatively low toxicity make plant-derived natural products a promising source for the development of new and more effective anticancer therapies that have the capacity to target multiple hallmarks in cancer. In this review, we discussed the anticancer activities of ten natural products extracted from plants. The majority of these products inhibit cancer by targeting multiple cancer hallmarks, and many of these chemicals have reached clinical applications. Studies discussed in this review provide a solid ground for researchers and physicians to design more effective combination anticancer therapies using plant-derived natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Safa Daoud
- Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Reem Ali Hamed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Dima Awajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Sara Feras Abuarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Lena Hisham Odeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Samar Khater
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Lina T. Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates;
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17
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Abdul-Hamid M, Abdel-Reheim ES, Hegazy W, Allam A, Othman SI, Alwaele MA, Abdel-Kawi SH. Effect of gervital in attenuating hepatotoxicity caused by methotrexate or azathioprine in adult albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:46788-46801. [PMID: 35169948 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18903-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) and azathioprine (AZA) are chemotherapeutic, antimetabolic, and immunosuppressive agents with substantial risks such as oxidative lesions to the liver. This study examined the effect of grape seed extract (GSE; gervital) in attenuating hepatotoxicity caused by MTX or AZA treatment. Rats were divided into six groups (six rats per group): Group I, normal control group; Group II, GSE (150 mg/kg/day); Group III, MTX (8 mg/kg/week); Group IV, AZA (15 mg/kg/day); Group V, GSE (150 mg/kg/day) + MTX (8 mg/kg/week); and Group VI, GSE (150 mg/kg/day) + AZA (15 mg/kg/day). After 35-day experimental period, all rats were sacrificed and blood was collected for biochemical study and hemoglobin (Hb) assessment. The liver was weighed and triaged for histological, ultrastructural, and biochemical studies. MTX and AZA treatment decreased Hb levels, increased relative liver weight, increased the activity of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (AST) aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values, and displayed histopathological and ultrastructural alterations. These changes included the disorganization of hepatocytes, pyknosis, karyolysis of some nuclei, and mononuclear leukocytic infiltration. The liver with significant oxidative stress (OS) showed decreased reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In contrast, GSE administration ameliorated ALT, AST, and all histopathological and ultrastructural changes. GSE treatment also reduced MDA levels but increased the antioxidant parameters. In conclusion, it was concluded that GSE supplementation could be considered as a promising antioxidant in reducing OS, histopathological and ultrastructural alterations induced by MTX and AZA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Abdul-Hamid
- Histology and Cell Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
| | - Eman Salah Abdel-Reheim
- Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Walaa Hegazy
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Allam
- Developmental Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdulla Alwaele
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samraa Hussein Abdel-Kawi
- Medical Histology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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18
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Attia SH, Elshazly SM, Abdelaal MM, Soliman E. Reno-protective effect of mangiferin against methotrexate-induced kidney damage in male rats: PPARγ-mediated antioxidant activity. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:1252-1261. [PMID: 36249937 PMCID: PMC9561181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an immunosuppressant used for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. MTX has a major adverse effect, acute kidney injury, which limits its use. Mangiferin (MF) is a natural bioactive xanthonoid used as a traditional herbal supplement to boost the immune system due to its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The present study evaluates the protective effect of MF against MTX-induced kidney damage. Male Wistar rats received MTX to induce nephrotoxicity or were pretreated with MF for 10 constitutive days before MTX administration. MF dose-dependently improved renal functions of MTX-treated rats and this activity was correlated with increased renal expression of PPARγ, a well-known transcriptional regulator of the immune response. Pretreating rats with PPARγ inhibitor, BADGE, reduced the reno-protective activity of MF. Furthermore, MF treatment significantly reduced MTX-induced upregulation of the pro-inflammatory (NFκB, interleukin-1ß, TNF-α, and COX-2), oxidative stress (Nrf-2, hemoxygenase-1, glutathione, and malondialdehyde), and nitrosative stress (nitric oxide and iNOS) markers in the kidney. Importantly, BADGE treatment significantly reduced the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of MF. Therefore, our data suggest that the reno-protective effect of MF against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity is due to inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress in a PPAR-γ-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seba Hassan Attia
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | | | | | - Eman Soliman
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
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19
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Attallah NGM, Mokhtar FA, Elekhnawy E, Heneidy SZ, Ahmed E, Magdeldin S, Negm WA, El-Kadem AH. Mechanistic Insights on the In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and In Vivo Hepatoprotective Effects of Salvinia auriculata Aubl against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050549. [PMID: 35631375 PMCID: PMC9145932 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in the treatment of numerous malignancies; however, its use is associated with marked hepatotoxicity. Herein, we assessed the possible hepatoprotective effects of Salvinia auriculata methanol extract (SAME) against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity and elucidated the possible fundamental mechanisms that mediated such protective effects for the first time. Forty mice were randomly allocated into five groups (eight/group). Control saline, MTX, and MTX groups were pre-treated with SAME 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg. The results revealed that MTX caused a considerable increase in blood transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, oxidative stress, significant activation of the Nod-like receptor-3 (NLPR3)/caspase-1 inflammasome axis, and its downstream inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). MTX also down-regulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. Additionally, it increased the immunostaining of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and downstream inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, the hepatic cellular apoptosis was dramatically up-regulated in the MTX group. On the contrary, prior treatment with SAME significantly improved biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical alterations caused by MTX in a dose-dependent manner. The antibacterial activity of SAME has also been investigated against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. LC-ESI-MS/MS contributed to the authentication of the studied plant and identified 24 active constituents that can be accountable for the SAME-exhibited effects. Thus, our findings reveal new evidence of the hepatoprotective and antibacterial properties of SAME that need further future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwah G. M. Attallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fatma Alzahraa Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, ALSalam University, Kafr El Zayat 31616, Al Gharbiya, Egypt
- Correspondence: (F.A.M.); (W.A.N.)
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Selim Z. Heneidy
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt;
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt;
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Walaa A. Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Correspondence: (F.A.M.); (W.A.N.)
| | - Aya H. El-Kadem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
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20
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Alfwuaires MA. Galangin mitigates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in a rat model of methotrexate hepatotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:20279-20288. [PMID: 34729716 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16804-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an efficient chemotherapeutic agent for treating various malignancies and autoimmune diseases. However, the long-term use of MTX can result in hepatotoxicity and this limits its use. Galangin (Gal) is a potent flavonoid with various biological activities; however, its protective effect against MTX hepatotoxicity has not been previously investigated. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective of Gal against MTX-induced liver injury. Rats received Gal for 10 days and a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg) at day 7. The administration of MTX induced liver damage reflected by increased serum biomarkers of liver function and histopathological manifestations. MTX increased hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and diminished GSH and antioxidant enzymes. Gal relieved liver injury, ameliorated liver function, oxidative stress, and inflammation markers, and increased antioxidants in MTX-treated rats. In addition, Gal decreased the expression of inflammation and apoptosis markers in MTX-treated rats. In conclusion, Gal possesses a hepatoprotective effect mediated by attenuating oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal A Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
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21
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Co-treatment of Nimbolide augmented the anti-arthritic effects of methotrexate while protecting against organ toxicities. Life Sci 2022; 295:120372. [PMID: 35143824 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to the pharmacological doses of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) often results in major organ toxicities resulting in poor patient compliance. Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the commonly prescribed DMARDs for the treatment of arthritis, which results in vital organ dysfunction. To retain the anti-arthritic activity of MTX with the reduction in toxicities, combination therapies are warranted. Nimbolide (NMB) is a potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic agent whose potential has been demonstrated in various pre-clinical models. Monoarthritis was developed with Complete Freund's Adjuvant in the knees of Wistar rats and treatment was given with either NMB (3 mg/kg/day) or MTX (2 mg/kg/week) alone or combination therapy (NMB + MTX). The anti-arthritic effects were evaluated by arthritic scoring, radiological imaging, synovial tissue proteins analysis, and histopathological staining. While hepato-renal toxicity was assessed in serum by evaluating the kidney and liver functional parameters, in tissues by oxidative-nitrosative stress markers, and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. Histopathological analysis was performed to study the extent of tissue damage. Molecular studies like immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to understand the effect of combination therapy. We thereby report that monotherapy with either NMB or MTX exhibited significant anti-arthritic effects, while combination therapy resulted in augmented anti-arthritic effects with significant reduction in hepato-renal toxicity produced by MTX probably through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Therefore, our proposed combination of NMB and MTX may serve as a potential strategy for the effective management of arthritis.
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22
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Morsy MA, El-Sheikh AAK, Abdel-Hafez SMN, Kandeel M, Abdel-Gaber SA. Paeonol Protects Against Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Upregulation of P-gp Expression and Inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:774387. [PMID: 35185559 PMCID: PMC8854802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.774387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a well-known anticancer drug that causes nephrotoxicity as a side effect. To investigate the mechanisms by which paeonol, a natural phenolic compound, can protect against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity, paeonol (100 mg/kg/day orally) was given to rats for 10 days, with or without MTX (20 mg/kg once i.p. at day 5). Compared to control, MTX caused nephrotoxic effects manifested by increased serum urea and creatinine and distortion in renal histological architecture, with a significant increase in the mean glomerular diameter and upregulation of kidney injury molecule-1. MTX caused oxidative stress manifested by decreasing reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase while increasing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. MTX also induced renal inflammation by upregulating TLR4, NF-κB, and IL-1β and caused apoptosis by induction of caspase 3. Administering paeonol with MTX improved kidney functional and structural parameters, as well as all oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers tested. Interestingly, both MTX and paeonol increased the expression of the renal efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) that helps in MTX elimination, and their drug combination further upregulated renal P-gp. In silico, paeonol was neither a substrate nor an inhibitor of P-gp, suggesting that its effect on P-gp is not on functional but on the expression level. In vitro, paeonol and MTX were administered to colon cancer cells and their combination caused a progressive cellular cytotoxic effect, which was dose-dependent with the increase of paeonol concentration. In conclusion, paeonol protects against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms and might potentiate MTX chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mohamed A. Morsy,
| | - Azza A. K. El-Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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Soliman MM, Alotaibi SS, Sayed S, Hassan MM, Althobaiti F, Aldhahrani A, Youssef GBA, El-Shehawi AM. The Protective Impact of Salsola imbricata Leaf Extract From Taif Against Acrylamide-Induced Hepatic Inflammation and Oxidative Damage: The Role of Antioxidants, Cytokines, and Apoptosis-Associated Genes. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:817183. [PMID: 35155650 PMCID: PMC8835116 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.817183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Salsola imbricata is a herbal plant native to Saudi Arabia, known for its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. This study explored the protective effects of an ethanolic leaf extract of Salsola imbricata against the oxidative stress and hepatic injury caused by acrylamide. Rats received intragastric administrations of 20 mg/kg of body weight of acrylamide to induce hepatic injury, or 300 mg/kg of body weight of Salsola ethanolic extract orally for 7 days before acrylamide administration. The treatments were continued for 3 weeks. Blood and liver samples were collected from all the groups, and the following biochemical parameters were tested: serum ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), GGT (gamma glutaryl transferase), urea, albumin, total proteins, catalase, SOD (superoxide dismutase), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), and MDA (malondialdehyde). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the expression of Nrf2 (Nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2), HO-1 (Hemoxygenase-1), COX-2 (Cyclooxgenase-2), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-beta1), Bax, and Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), which are associated with oxidative stress, fibrosis, apoptosis, and anti-apoptotic effects. The annexin and survivin immunoreactivity were examined at the immunohistochemical level. Pretreatment with the Salsola ethanolic extract reduced the negative impact of acrylamide on ALT, AST, GGT, urea, albumin, and total proteins. The Salsola ethanolic extract reversed acrylamide's effects on serum and tissue antioxidants. Nrf2/HO-1 expression was downregulated, while COX-2 and TGF-β1 were upregulated in the acrylamide-administered group and normalized by the pre-administration of Salsola ethanolic extract to the acrylamide experimental group. The immunoreactivity of annexin and survivin was restored in the experimental group administered Salsola ethanolic extract plus acrylamide. In conclusion, Salsola ethanolic extract inhibits and regulates the side effects induced in the liver by acrylamide. Salsola induced its impacts by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis-/anti-apoptosis-associated genes at the biochemical, molecular, and cellular levels. Salsola is recommended as oxidative stress relievers against environmental toixicity at high altitude areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Sayed
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Althobaiti
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gehan B. A. Youssef
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Javed K, Rakha A, Butt MS, Faisal MN. Probing the antioxidant potential of
Juglans regia
(walnut) against arthritis‐induced oxidative stress in
Sprague Dawley
rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14082. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Komal Javed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Allah Rakha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq Butt
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
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Khalaf MM, Hassanein EHM, Shalkami AGS, Hemeida RAM, Mohamed WR. Diallyl Disulfide Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Injury, Inflammation and Apoptosis and Enhances its Anti-Tumor Activity. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2022; 15:213-226. [PMID: 34042041 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210525153111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is used potently for a wide range of diseases. However, hepatic intoxication by MTX hinders its clinical use. OBJECTIVES The present study was conducted to investigate the diallyl disulfide (DADS) ability to ameliorate MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, DADS (50 mg/kg/day, orally), MTX (single i.p. injection of 20 mg/kg) and DADS+MTX. Liver function biomarkers, histopathological examinations, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis biomarkers were investigated. Besides, an in vitro cytotoxic activity study was conducted to explore the modulatory effects of DADS on MTX cytotoxic activity using Caco-2, MCF-7, and HepG2 cells. RESULTS DADS significantly reduced the increased serum activities of ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH. These results were confirmed by the alleviation of liver histopathological changes. It restored the decreased GSH content and SOD activity, while significantly decreased MTX-induced elevations in both MDA and NO2 - contents. The hepatoprotective effects were mechanistically mediated through the up-regulation of hepatic Nrf-2 and the down-regulation of Keap-1, P38MAPK, and NF- κB expression levels. In addition, an increase in Bcl-2 level with a decrease in the expression of both Bax and caspase-3 was observed. The in vitro study showed that DADS increased MTX antitumor efficacy. CONCLUSION DADS potently alleviated MTX-induced hepatotoxicity through the modulation of Keap-1/Nrf-2, P38MAPK/NF-κB and apoptosis signaling pathways and effectively enhanced the MTX cytotoxic effects, which could be promising for further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut,Egypt
| | - Abdel-Gawad S Shalkami
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut,Egypt
| | - Ramadan A M Hemeida
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut,Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,Egypt
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Farooq J, Sultana R, Taj T, Asdaq SMB, Alsalman AJ, Mohaini MA, Al Hawaj MA, Kamal M, Alghamdi S, Imran M, Shahin H, Tabassum R. Insights into the Protective Effects of Thymoquinone against Toxicities Induced by Chemotherapeutic Agents. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010226. [PMID: 35011457 PMCID: PMC8746502 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The drugs used to treat cancer not only kill fast-growing cancer cells, but also kill or slow the growth of healthy cells, causing systemic toxicities that lead to altered functioning of normal cells. Most chemotherapeutic agents have serious toxicities associated with their use, necessitating extreme caution and attention. There is a growing interest in herbal remedies because of their pharmacological activities, minimal side effects, and low cost. Thymoquinone, a major component of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa Linn, also known as black cumin or black seeds, is commonly used in Middle Eastern countries as a condiment. It is also utilized for medicinal purposes and possesses antidiabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. This review attempts to compile the published literature demonstrating thymoquinone's protective effect against chemotherapeutic drug-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juveriya Farooq
- Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (J.F.); (T.T.); (H.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Rokeya Sultana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
- Correspondence: or (R.S.); or (S.M.B.A.)
| | - Tahreen Taj
- Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (J.F.); (T.T.); (H.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (R.S.); or (S.M.B.A.)
| | - Abdulkhaliq J. Alsalman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Arar 91911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Al Mohaini
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Thuwal 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maitham A. Al Hawaj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd. Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Arar 91911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Haleema Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (J.F.); (T.T.); (H.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Ruheena Tabassum
- Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (J.F.); (T.T.); (H.S.); (R.T.)
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Protective effects of melatonin and L-carnitine against methotrexate-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 395:87-97. [PMID: 34821957 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of melatonin (MEL) and/or L-carnitine (L-CAR) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were prepared using collagenase techniques of perfusion and digestion of rat liver. Trypan blue uptake, as well as, glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured. Caspase-3 activity was also assessed. Pre-incubation of hepatocytes with MEL (1 mM) and/or L-CAR (10 mM) 30 min prior to intoxication with MTX, significantly protected hepatocytes against toxicity. In addition, LPO, NO, TNF-α levels, and caspase-3 activity were decreased in comparison to the MTX-intoxicated group. Furthermore, the two drugs increased the MTX-depleted GSH level. MEL and L-CAR prevented MTX-induced hepatocytotoxicity, at least partly, by their antioxidative, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. Further studies are recommended on the clinical pharmacologic and toxicologic effects of MEL and L-CAR in patients receiving MTX.
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28
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Ozturk E, Karabulut D, Akin AT, Kaymak E, Kuloglu N, Yakan B. Evaluation by different mechanisms of the protective effects of vitamin B12 on methotrexate nephrotoxicity. J Mol Histol 2021; 53:133-143. [PMID: 34655350 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate is used for cure of many cancer types. It has many side effects. For this reason, obtaining a nephroprotective agent is obligatory. In the study, our aim is to determine probable effects of Vitamin B12 on MTX caused kidney damages in rats. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, including 8 animals in each group. Control group, VitB12 group (3 μg-kg-ip B12 throughout 15 days), MTX group (at the 8th day of experiment, a single dose of 20 mg-kg-ip MTX), Vit B12 + MTX group (3 μg-kg-ip B12 throughout 15 days and at the 8th day of experiment, a single dose of 20 mg-kg-ip MTX) Animals were anesthetized and kidney tissues were removed to evaluate biochemically, immunohistochemically and histopathologycally. There were histopathological deteriorations, rises of apoptotic cells, expressions of heat shock proteins, endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation markers in the MTX group. In the MTX group, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) and Catalase (CAT) levels decreased, but Total Oxidant Status TOS, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and interleukin-6 (IL6) levels increased. In addition, there was amelioration in kidney tissue in Vit B12 + MTX group compared to the MTX group. We suggest that Vit B12 can be used to reduce the toxic effects of MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ozturk
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology-Embriology Department, Harran University, Sanlıurfa, Turkey.
| | - D Karabulut
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology-Embriology Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - A T Akin
- Faculty of Science, Biology Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - E Kaymak
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology-Embriology Department, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - N Kuloglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology-Embriology Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - B Yakan
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology-Embriology Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Aldhahrani A, Soliman MM, Althobaiti F, Alkhedaide A, Nassan MA, Mohamed WA, Youssef GBA, Said AM. The modulatory impacts of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract against methotrexate-induced testicular dysfunction and oxidative stress. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:677-686. [PMID: 34484660 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza glabra root (licorice) is a widely used herb for its beneficial effects on health. This study explored the protective effects of licorice extract against oxidative stress and testicular dysfunction caused by methotrexate (MTX). Mice were allocated into (i) negative control group that received saline; (ii) licorice extract group, orally administered with 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) licorice extract for 12 days; (iii) positive MTX-intoxicated group, injected with a single intraperitoneal dose of MTX (20 mg/kg bw) on day 7; and (iv) a protective group that received licorice extract for 12 days and then MTX on day 7 as in groups 2 and 3. Total proteins, albumin, globulins, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, IL-1, and IL-6 were measured in blood and testis samples collected from all groups. Testicular oxidative stress, serum reproductive hormones, and spermogram were examined. The expression of steroidogenesis-associated genes (translocator protein; and P450scc) was examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Bcl-2-associated X protein and cyclogenase-2 genes were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. The bioactive contents of licorice extract were confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Pretreatment with licorice extract ameliorated the toxic effects of MTX on total proteins, albumin, and globulins and oxidative stress biomarkers and reversed the effect of MTX on examined serum and tissue antioxidants. Besides, MTX down-regulated mRNA expression of translocator protein and P450scc genes. Licorice extract averted the decrease in serum testosterone and the increase in IL-1β and IL-6 levels induced by MTX. Moreover, MTX increased sperm abnormalities and percentage of dead sperms and reduced sperm motility. These changes were absent in the licorice preadministered group. Licorice prevented the increase in immunoreactivity of testis for Bcl-2-associated X protein and cyclogenase-2 that were overexpressed in MTX-injected mice. Licorice extracts positively regulated the expression of steroidogenesis genes suppressed by MTX, increased antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, and catalase) and reduced biomarker of oxidative stress (testicular malondialdehyde) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and -6). Moreover, reduction in testicular tissue immunoreactivity to Bcl-2-associated X protein and cyclogenase-2. In conclusion, licorice extract mitigated the toxic effects of MTX-induced testicular dysfunction at biochemical, molecular, and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Althobaiti
- Biotechnology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Alkhedaide
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abdo Nassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Wafaa Abdou Mohamed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Gehan B A Youssef
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa Mohammed Said
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
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Patil KD, Vadnere GP, Kori ML, Lodhi S. Ameliorative Effect of Polysaccharide Rich Fraction from Eulophia herbacea Against Methotrexate Induced Liver Damage in Rats. Pharm Chem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Ahmad A, Alkharfy KM, Bin Jardan YA, Shahid M, Ansari MA, Alqahtani S, Jan BL, Al-Jenoobi FI, Raish M. Sinapic acid mitigates methotrexate-induced hepatic injuries in rats through modulation of Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1261-1268. [PMID: 33720507 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present research has been investigated to study the protective outcomes of sinapic acid (SA) against methotrexate (MTX) encouraged liver damage in rats by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways. The animals were arbitrarily allocated into four groups: group I rats administered a 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) vehicle orally for 15 consecutive days with a single intravenous standard saline injection (0.9% NaCl) on day seven. Groups II, III, and IV were injected intraperitoneally with 20 mg MTX/kg on 7th day. Animals in group III and IV were treated orally for 14 days with 20 mg of SA/kg dissolved daily in 0.5% CMC respectively. In all experimental groups, liver function, biochemical, histopathological and molecular changes were evaluated. MTX-induced changes in liver function indices like ALT, AST, and ALP are substantially restored with SA pretreatment. Moreover, antioxidant defense mechanisms (GSH, SOD, and CAT) and oxidative/nitrostative stress (MDA and NO) and inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-β and MPO) were also substantially restored. Furthermore, the conclusions indicate that SA prevents the hepatic damage caused by MTX through apoptosis inhibition and stimulation of Nrf2/HO-1-medial antioxidant enzymes by NF-κB inhibition. Histological findings have shown that SA therapy has greatly protected liver damage caused by MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alkharfy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassar Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basit L Jan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad I Al-Jenoobi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Rababa'H AM, Alzoubi KH, Khabour OF, Ababneh M. Ameliorative effect of metformin on methotrexate-induced genotoxicity: An in vitro study in human cultured lymphocytes. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:59. [PMID: 34094535 PMCID: PMC8165753 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist that has been shown to be genotoxic to normal healthy cells. Metformin is an insulin-sensitizing agent, with multiple potential pharmacodynamic profiles. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genotoxic effect of methotrexate on DNA and the potential ameliorative effect of metformin on chromosomal damage induced by methotrexate. The present study was performed in vitro, and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in human cultured lymphocytes were measured. Blood samples from five non-smoking healthy men aged 20-35 years were donated and used in the present study. Treatment of cultured blood cells with methotrexate significantly increased the number of cells with CAs (P<0.0001) and the frequency of SCEs (P<0.0001). The chromosomal injury induced by methotrexate was significantly reduced by pretreatment of the samples with metformin (P<0.0001). Importantly, the treatment of the cells with metformin alone did not affect the frequency of SCEs compared with the control group (P>0.05). Additionally, methotrexate and metformin alone, and combined, induced significant decreases in the proliferative index compared with the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, metformin ameliorated the genotoxicity induced by methotrexate in cultured human lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Rababa'H
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mera Ababneh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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Sarkar C, Jamaddar S, Islam T, Mondal M, Islam MT, Mubarak MS. Therapeutic perspectives of the black cumin component thymoquinone: A review. Food Funct 2021; 12:6167-6213. [PMID: 34085672 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00401h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The dietary phytochemical thymoquinone (TQ), belonging to the family of quinones, mainly obtained from the black and angular seeds of Nigella sativa, is one of the promising monoterpenoid hydrocarbons, which has been receiving massive attention for its therapeutic potential and pharmacological properties. It plays an important role as a chemopreventive and therapeutic agent in the treatment of various diseases and illnesses. The aim of this review is to present a summary of the most recent literature pertaining to the use of TQ for the prevention and treatment of various diseases along with possible mechanisms of action, and the potential use of this natural product as a complementary or alternative medicine. Research findings indicated that TQ exhibits numerous pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and anticancer, among others. Conclusions of this review on the therapeutic aspects of TQ highlight the medicinal and folk values of this compound against various diseases and ailments. In short, TQ could be a novel drug in clinical trials, as we hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj-8100, Bangladesh.
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Talib WH, Mahmod AI, Abuarab SF, Hasen E, Munaim AA, Haif SK, Ayyash AM, Khater S, AL-Yasari IH, Kury LTA. Diabetes and Cancer: Metabolic Association, Therapeutic Challenges, and the Role of Natural Products. Molecules 2021; 26:2179. [PMID: 33920079 PMCID: PMC8070467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered the second leading cause of death worldwide and in 2018 it was responsible for approximately 9.6 million deaths. Globally, about one in six deaths are caused by cancer. A strong correlation was found between diabetes mellitus and carcinogenesis with the most evident correlation was with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research has proven that elevated blood glucose levels take part in cell proliferation and cancer cell progression. However, limited studies were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of conventional therapies in diabetic cancer patients. In this review, the correlation between cancer and diabetes will be discussed and the mechanisms by which the two diseases interact with each other, as well as the therapeutics challenges in treating patients with diabetes and cancer with possible solutions to overcome these challenges. Natural products targeting both diseases were discussed with detailed mechanisms of action. This review will provide a solid base for researchers and physicians to test natural products as adjuvant alternative therapies to treat cancer in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Sara Feras. Abuarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Eliza Hasen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Amer A. Munaim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Shatha Khaled Haif
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Amani Marwan Ayyash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Samar Khater
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Intisar Hadi AL-Yasari
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon 00964, Iraq;
| | - Lina T. Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates;
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Shahid F, Farooqui Z, Alam T, Abidi S, Parwez I, Khan F. Thymoquinone supplementation ameliorates cisplatin-induced hepatic pathophysiology. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1673-1684. [PMID: 33832332 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211003645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is a major dose-limiting side effect of CP chemotherapy besides nephrotoxicity and gastrointestinal dysfunction. TQ, a principal Nigella sativa seed oil constituent, has been shown to improve hepatic functions in various in vivo models of acute hepatic injury. In view of this, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of TQ against CP-induced hepatotoxicity. Rats were divided into four experimental groups; control, CP, CP+TQ and TQ. Animals in CP+TQ and TQ groups were administered TQ (1.5 mg/kg bwt, orally), with or without a single hepatotoxic dose of CP (6 mg/kg bwt, i.p.) respectively, for 14 days before and four days following the CP treatment. CP induced an upsurge in serum ALT and AST activities, indicating liver injury, as also confirmed by the histopathological findings. CP caused significant alterations in the activities of membrane marker enzymes, carbohydrate metabolic enzymes, and the enzymatic and nonenzymatic components of the antioxidant defense system. TQ supplementation ameliorated all these adverse biochemical and histological changes in CP-treated rats. Thus, TQ may have excellent scope for clinical applications in combating CP-induced hepatic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Z Farooqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Abidi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - I Parwez
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - F Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gunyeli I, Saygin M, Ozmen O. Methotrexate-induced toxic effects and the ameliorating effects of astaxanthin on genitourinary tissues in a female rat model. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:985-997. [PMID: 33608803 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06000-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to explore the possible deleterious effects of Methotrexate (MTX) treatment on the urogenital tissues and the potential protective effects of Astaxanthin (AXA). METHODS Twenty-four female Wistar Albino rats (12 months old) were divided into 3 groups as follows: Group I (Control group): rats received a single dose of 0.1 ml saline by gavage and intraperitoneal injection. Group II (MTX group): rats received a single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX, i.p, on the 2nd day. Group III (MTX + AXA group): rats received 100 mg/kg AXA orally for 7 days in addition to a single dose of MTX. The levels of total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and histopathological and immunohistochemical markers (Caspase-3, iNOS, CRP, G-CSF) were evaluated in urogenital tissues. RESULTS In ovarian tissues, a statistically significant increase in TOS levels (p = 0.001) and OSI index (p = 0.028) were observed in Group II compared to Group I. TAS level was significantly higher in Group III compared to Group II and I (p = 0.009 and 0.002, respectively). However, a significant decrease in OSI level was observed in Group III compared to Group II (p = 0.035). In fallopian tube tissues, TAS level was significantly decreased in Group II compared to Group I (p = 0.047). Histopathologically, marked hyperemia was observed in MTX group. AXA treatment ameliorated all the pathological findings. Immunohistochemically, all the studied markers were considerably increased in Group II, however, they were decreased by AXA. CONCLUSION These findings revealed that MTX treatment caused oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in the urogenital tissue. We found that AXA significantly ameliorated the damage caused by MTX in the urogenital tissue. The results of the study have indicated that AXA may be a promising nutritional support substance against the damage caused by chemotherapeutic and cytotoxic agents, such as MTX, to the urogenital tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Gunyeli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Cunur-Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Saygin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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Al Aboud D, Baty RS, Alsharif KF, Hassan KE, Zhery AS, Habotta OA, Elmahallawy EK, Amin HK, Abdel Moneim AE, Kassab RB. Protective efficacy of thymoquinone or ebselen separately against arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6195-6206. [PMID: 32989703 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) exposure is associated with adverse health outcomes to the living organisms. In the present study, the hepato-protective ability of thymoquinone (TQ), the active principle of Nigella sativa seed, or ebselen (Eb), an organoselenium compound, against As intoxication in female rats was investigated. For this purpose, animals were allocated randomly into control, As (20 mg/kg), TQ (10 mg/kg), Eb (5 mg/kg), As+TQ, and As+Eb groups that were orally administered for 28 consecutive days. Arsenic exposure resulted in hepatic oxidative damage which was evidenced by marked decreases in antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione (GSH)) concomitant with high malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Furthermore, As toxicity induced significant elevations in liver accumulation of As, serum hepatic indices (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TB)), and apoptotic marker (B cell lymphoma 2(Bcl2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and caspase 3) levels. Additionally, notable increments in hepatic fibrotic markers (epidermal growth factor (EFG) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)) associated with high nitric oxide, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were noticed following As intoxication. Biochemical findings were well-supported by hepatic histopathological screening. The co-treatment of As-exposed rats with TQ or Eb considerably improved liver function and antioxidant status together with lessened hepatic As content, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. The overall outcomes demonstrated that TQ or Eb ameliorates As-induced liver injury through their favorable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and fibrolytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daifullah Al Aboud
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roua S Baty
- Biotechnology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed S Zhery
- Kasr Al-Eini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola A Habotta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ehab K Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Hatim K Amin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Rami B Kassab
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Al Baha University, Almakhwah, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
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Abdo W, Elmadawy MA, Abdelhiee EY, Abdel-Kareem MA, Farag A, Aboubakr M, Ghazy E, Fadl SE. Protective effect of thymoquinone against lung intoxication induced by malathion inhalation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2498. [PMID: 33510276 PMCID: PMC7843975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82083-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Malathion is considered one of the vastest pesticides use all over the world. Malathion-inhalation toxicity commonly occurred in many occupational farmers. Therefore, this study aimed to ameliorate the possible malathion-induced pulmonary toxicity through thymoquinone administration. Forty animals were used to conduct our study, divided into five groups; G1 control group, G2 thymoquinone (50 mg/kg) group, G3 malathion group (animals inhaled 100 mg/ml/m3 for 15 min for 5 days/week for three weeks), G4 and G5 were subjected to the same malathion inhalation protocol beside oral thymoquinone administration at doses of 25 and 50 (mg/kg), respectively. Malathion-inhalation induced marked systemic toxicity as hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with increased serum hepatic and renal enzymes, and hypersensitivity accompanied with increased total IgE serum level. The lung showed severe interstitial pneumonia associated with severe vascular damage and marked eosinophil infiltration. Moreover, the lung showed a marked decrease in the pulmonary surfactant protein, especially SP-D gene expression. While, thymoquinone treatment to malathion-inhaled animals decremented the following; hepatic enzymes and renal function tests, total IgE as well as pneumonia and hypersensitivity pathological features, and augmented the expression of SP-D. In conclusion, thymoquinone could be potentially used in pest control workers to ameliorate the systemic and pulmonary intoxication caused by one of the most field-used pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walied Abdo
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Elmadawy
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Ehab Yahya Abdelhiee
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Mona A Abdel-Kareem
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Amira Farag
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Aboubakr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha University, 13736 Moshtohor, Toukh, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Emad Ghazy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Sabreen E Fadl
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt.
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Jafaripour L, Naserzadeh R, Alizamani E, Javad Mashhadi SM, Moghadam ER, Nouryazdan N, Ahmadvand H. Effects of Rosmarinic Acid on Methotrexate-induced Nephrotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats. Indian J Nephrol 2021; 31:218-224. [PMID: 34376933 PMCID: PMC8330652 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_14_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Methotrexate (MTX), used in the treatment of cancerous patients, causes toxicity in the different organs of the body. This study of rosmarinic acid (RA) is as an antioxidant on nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by MTX. Methods: Rats (n = 32) were divided into four groups: sham; MTX; 100 mg\kg RA + MTX; 200 mg/kg RA + MTX. The amount of MTX was 20 mg/kg. 24 hours after injection of the last dose of MTX, the blood samples and kidneys and liver of rats were studied. The aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, serum creatinine were assessed. Tissue antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. The liver and kidney tissues were histopathologically examined. Results: MTX significantly increased the urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, ALP levels, and renal MDA and significantly decreased renal catalase (CAT), hepatic glutathione (GSH), and hepatic CAT activity. MTX induced necrosis, leukocyte infiltration, eosinophilic casts, glomerular damage in kidney tissue and necrosis, degeneration and cellular vacuolization in liver tissues. RA at 100 mg/kg caused a significant decrease in ALT and AST and at two doses significantly decreased urea, renal MDA, and liver MDA. RA at 200 mg/kg significantly increased the renal CAT and liver GSH. RA in two doses significantly decreased necrosis and Leukocyte infiltration. RA caused a significant decrease in degeneration and cellular vacuolization in liver tissues. Conclusions: RA with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics decreased the MTX induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Jafaripour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Reza Naserzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Ehsan Alizamani
- Student Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | | | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Nouryazdan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hassan Ahmadvand
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.,Razi Herbal Researches Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Mohamed M, El Sheikh AK, Mohammed HH. Modulation of Liver P-Glycoprotien Expression May Contribute to Gossypin Protection against Methotrexate-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Indian J Pharmacol 2021; 53:25-30. [PMID: 33975996 PMCID: PMC8216128 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_824_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methotrexate (MTX) is a broadly used anticancer. Its major side effect is hepatotoxicity. Gossypin is a flavonoid has a hepatoprotective effect as well as antitumor property. The study aimed at inspecting the protective effect of gossypin against MTX hepatotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four adult male rats arranged into four groups (six rats each): control, gossypin control, MTX, and MTX+ gossypin. Animals were orally administered gossypin at 10 mg kg-1 day-1 for 7 days. MTX was injected i.p. (20 mg/kg-1 once) on 5th day. Liver enzyme and oxidative stress markers were assessed. BAX, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) gene expressions, and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were assessed. The histopathological study as well as the immunohistochemical study for hepatic caspase 3 and nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκ-B) was done. RESULTS MTX produced a significant increase of liver enzymes and distortion of hepatic architecture alongside with increased the hepatic collagen content. MTX administration significantly increased the oxidative stress markers and upregulated the pro-apoptotic BAX and the pro-fibrogenic TGF-β. MTX increased caspase 3 and NFκ-B expression, while diminished the expression of P-gp. Gossypin pretreatment improved the previous parameters, restored the normal hepatic architecture, reduced the hepatic fibrosis, and regained nearly normal expressions for BAX, TGF-β, caspase 3, and NFκ-B. Gossypin caused more reduction in P-gp hepatic expression. CONCLUSIONS Gossypin may be a valuable adjuvant therapy that protects the liver against MTX toxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic mechanisms, and mediated P-gp expression reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Azza Kamal El Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt; Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Chauhan P, Sharma H, Kumar U, Mayachari A, Sangli G, Singh S. Protective effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra supplementation against methotrexate-induced hepato-renal damage in rats: An experimental approach. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 263:113209. [PMID: 32738390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional medicine, Glycyrrhiza glabra, commonly known as liquorice, is known to possess promising pharmacological properties including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, gastro, hepato and nephro-protective activities. AIM The present study investigated the protective effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra rhizome extract (GGE) on MTX-induced hepato-renal damage in Wistar albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were pre-treated with GGE (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg) from day 1 to 15 and administered MTX (20 mg/kg) on day 4. Methotrexate-induced hepato-renal damage was assessed by serum toxicity biomarkers (AST, ALT, BUN and creatinine), oxidative stress estimation (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, peroxidase and glutathione reductase), interleukins profiling (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12), tissue histopathology and immunohistochemical (caspase-3 and NFkB) examination. RESULTS MTX induced hepato-renal damage resulted in elevated serum levels of AST, ALT, BUN and creatinine, increased pro-inflammatory cytokines concentration and accumulation of MDA and reduced levels of GSH, SOD, CAT, peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Conversely, co-treatment with GGE dose-dependently ameliorated oxidative stress, serum interleukins, hepato-renal toxicity biomarkers (p < 0.001), preserved tissue architecture and downregulated both caspase-3 and NFkB expression in hepato-renal tissue. CONCLUSION The above results suggested that GGE can alleviate MTX-induced hepato-renal damage by decreasing oxidative stress and suppressing the ensuing activation of pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Uma Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | | | | | - Surender Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Talib WH, Alsalahat I, Daoud S, Abutayeh RF, Mahmod AI. Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer Research: Extraction, Mechanism of Action, and Drug Formulation. Molecules 2020; 25:E5319. [PMID: 33202681 PMCID: PMC7696819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally and considered as a major challenge for the public health system. The high toxicity and the lack of selectivity of conventional anticancer therapies make the search for alternative treatments a priority. In this review, we describe the main plant-derived natural products used as anticancer agents. Natural sources, extraction methods, anticancer mechanisms, clinical studies, and pharmaceutical formulation are discussed in this review. Studies covered by this review should provide a solid foundation for researchers and physicians to enhance basic and clinical research on developing alternative anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
| | - Izzeddin Alsalahat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Safa Daoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Reem Fawaz Abutayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
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Famurewa AC, Ekeleme-Egedigwe CA, Onwe CS, Egedigwe UO, Okoro CO, Egedigwe UJ, Asogwa NT. Ginger juice prevents cisplatin-induced oxidative stress, endocrine imbalance and NO/iNOS/NF-κB signalling via modulating testicular redox-inflammatory mechanism in rats. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13786. [PMID: 32777091 DOI: 10.1111/and.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The off-target testicular toxicity of the anticancer drug, cisplatin, is a current clinical concern and worrisome to male cancer patients. Growing evidence has implicated oxidative stress and inflammation in cisplatin toxicity. We have explored whether fresh ginger juice could mitigate testicular toxicity induced by anticancer drug cisplatin in rats. Rats were subjected to oral administration of fresh ginger juice (5 ml/kg body weight/day) for 5 days against testicular damage induced by single ip injection of cisplatin (CIS) (10 mg/kg body weight) on day 2 only. Testicular activities of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-ĸB) and serum hormone levels were estimated. CIS-induced prominent decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities, GSH and serum hormone levels, whereas levels of MDA, cytokines, NO, iNOS and NF-ĸB increased remarkably (p < .05) compared to control. Interestingly, the CIS-induced testicular alterations were considerably mitigated by the fresh ginger juice via abrogation of oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory mechanism. The study suggests, for the first time, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ginger juice against CIS testicular damage. Fresh ginger juice may have beneficial health impact on testicular side effect of CIS chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Chima A Ekeleme-Egedigwe
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Chikodili S Onwe
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Uchenna O Egedigwe
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Chukwuemeka O Okoro
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Akakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ugochukwu J Egedigwe
- Department of Haematology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
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Fattahi N, Bahari A, Ramazani A, Koolivand D. In vitro immunobiological assays of methotrexate-stearic acid conjugate in human PBMCs. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151984. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.151984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Morsy MA, Abdel-Aziz AM, Abdel-Hafez SMN, Venugopala KN, Nair AB, Abdel-Gaber SA. The Possible Contribution of P-Glycoprotein in the Protective Effect of Paeonol against Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Injury in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090223. [PMID: 32872504 PMCID: PMC7558391 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol, a phenolic ingredient in the genus Paeonia, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent; however, its germ cell damage is a critical problem. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an efflux transporter, is a member of the blood–testis barrier. The present study evaluated the protective effect of paeonol on MTX-induced testicular injury in rats with the exploration of its mechanism and the possible contribution of P-gp in such protection. Testicular weight, serum testosterone, and testicular P-gp levels were measured. Testicular oxidant/antioxidant status was evaluated via determining the levels of malondialdehyde, total nitrite, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase activity. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and the apoptotic marker caspase 3 were estimated immunohistochemically. Testicular histopathology and spermatogenesis scores were also examined. MTX caused histopathologically evident testicular damage with decreased testicular weight, testosterone level, and spermatogenesis score, as well as significant increases in oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic responses. Paeonol significantly restored testicular weight, testosterone level, spermatogenesis score, and oxidant/antioxidant balance. Moreover, paeonol increased the testicular P-gp level and significantly decreased TNF-α and caspase 3 immunostaining. In conclusion, paeonol offered a protective effect against MTX-induced testicular injury through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects, as well as by increasing testicular P-gp level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5496-72245
| | - Asmaa M. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
| | - Sara M. N. Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
| | - Seham A. Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
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Türk E, Güvenç M, Cellat M, Uyar A, Kuzu M, Ağgül AG, Kırbaş A. Zingerone protects liver and kidney tissues by preventing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in methotrexate-treated rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:1054-1065. [PMID: 32781857 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1804397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The clinical use of drugs used in the treatment of diseases is limited due to the toxic side effects, and many studies have been conducted to benefit from herbal adjuvant therapies recently to eliminate these effects. In this study, the protective effect of zingerone against liver and kidney damage generated in rats through methotrexate (MTX). Histopathological investigations were performed to determine tissue damage caused by MTX and the healing effect of zingone and liver function markers such as serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and renal function markers such as urea, creatine, and aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) were measured. The effects of MTX and protective properties of zingerone on oxidative stress were investigated through the measurement of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activities. The anti-inflammatory effect of zingerone was determined by measuring the cytokine levels causing inflammation such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and its effects on apoptosis were determined by immunohistochemical analysis of caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression levels. According to the results obtained within the scope of the study, it was determined that zingerone treatment prevented the increase in MTX-induced liver and kidney function markers, showed healing effects on antioxidant parameters degraded in both tissues, and decreased the inflammation parameters. It was determined that it also prevented apoptosis and possessed a protective effect on disrupted tissue architecture by decreasing the increased caspase-3 expression and increasing the decreased Bcl-2 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdinç Türk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cellat
- Department of Physiology, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Department of Pathology, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Müslüm Kuzu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | | | - Akın Kırbaş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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The ameliorative impacts of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against oxidative stress and methotrexate-induced hepato-renal dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Hussein OE, Hozayen WG, Bin-Jumah MN, Germoush MO, Abd El-Twab SM, Mahmoud AM. Chicoric acid prevents methotrexate hepatotoxicity via attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation and up-regulation of PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20725-20735. [PMID: 32246423 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chicoric acid (CA) is a natural antioxidant with promising hepatoprotective activity. We investigated the potential of CA to prevent methotrexate (MTX) hepatotoxicity, pointing to the role of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and PPARγ. Rats received CA for 15 days and were then injected with MTX at day 16. Blood and tissue samples were collected for analysis at day 19. CA ameliorated liver function markers and mitigated histological alterations in MTX-induced rats. Pre-treatment with CA suppressed reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidants in MTX-induced rats. Moreover, CA upregulated hepatic Nrf2, HO-1, NQO-1, and PPARγ, and attenuated inflammation. Consequently, CA inhibited apoptosis by increasing Bcl-2 expression and suppressing Bax, cytochrome c, and caspase-3 in MTX-administered rats. In conclusion, CA prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, and liver injury induced by MTX by activating Nrf2 /HO-1 signaling and PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia E Hussein
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Walaa G Hozayen
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - May N Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa M Abd El-Twab
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Roghani M, Kalantari H, Khodayar MJ, Khorsandi L, Kalantar M, Goudarzi M, Kalantar H. Alleviation of Liver Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Underlies the Protective Effect of Ferulic Acid in Methotrexate-Induced Hepatotoxicity. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:1933-1941. [PMID: 32546960 PMCID: PMC7250701 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s237107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction In multiple studies, involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of methotrexate (MTX)-mediated liver damage has been confirmed. Use of many drugs has been examined experimentally in order to prevent or diminish oxidative stress. However, no study has yet examined the effects of ferulic acid (FA) on MTX-induced liver damage. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of FA on protection against liver damage induced by MTX in mice. Materials and Methods In this the mice were divided into five groups in a random manner: I) control; II) MTX (20 mg/kg); III and IV) FA (50 and 100 mg/kg) + MTX; and V) FA (100 mg/kg), and we measured serum factors, oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. Results In the MTX group, accumulation of inflammatory cells, accumulation of red blood cell (RBC), and nuclear pyknosis (NP) were detected in the liver. In line with the histological data, the levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α increased (TNF-α), whereas the reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) content reduced in the MTX group. However, FA ameliorated these hazardous effects in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory systems in MTX-treated groups. Conclusion Based on our findings, oxidative stress impairment and MTX-induced liver damage were ameliorated following FA pretreatment at both histological and biochemical levels. Therefore, FA can be effectively used in abrogation of MTX-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Roghani
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kalantar
- Student Research Committee, Shoushtar University of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Kalantar
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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50
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Carneiro MFH, Machado ART, Antunes LMG, Souza TE, Freitas VA, Oliveira LCA, Rodrigues JL, Pereira MC, Barbosa F. Gold-Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Attenuate Collagen-Induced Arthritis after Magnetic Targeting. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 194:502-513. [PMID: 31313244 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01799-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate if gold-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (AuSPION) magnetic-targeted to the arthritic articulation of collagen induced arthritis (CIA) rats are able to ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis without producing significant biological adverse effects in comparison to colloidal Au nanoparticles (AuC) and metotrexate (MTX). Male Wistar rats were divided into control; arthritic; AuSPION (150 μg kg-1); AuC (150 μg kg-1) and MTX (2.5 μg kg-1). Treatments were administered thrice every other day by the intraperitoneal route 15 min after all groups had a neodymium magnet coupled to the right ankle joint (kept for 1 h). Paw edema and body weight were measured weekly. Joint sections were evaluated by Haematoxylin & Eosin and immunohistochemistry (TNF-α, IL-1β). Biomarkers of oxidative stress were used to evaluate toxicity. Among the evaluated treatments, AuSPION led to significant clinical improvements (decreased edema and infiltration by leukocytes as well as less positively immunostained cells for both TNF-α and IL-1β in synovium) accompanied by a lack of toxicity as indicated by redox state and genotoxicity assays. Our results clearly indicate that the magnetic targeting of AuSPION suppresses joint edema and inflammation, cytokine expression as well as the redox imbalance, thereby contributing to an amelioration of arthritis severity in CIA rats. The results demonstrate for the first time the potentiality of AuSPION administration under a magnetic field as an attractive alternative for future treatments of rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Rita T Machado
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lusânia M G Antunes
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Talita E Souza
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG,, Brazil
| | - Victor A Freitas
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG,, Brazil
| | - Luiz C A Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG,, Brazil
| | - Jairo L Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG,, Brazil
| | - Marcio C Pereira
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG,, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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