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Korbecki J, Bosiacki M, Szatkowska I, Kupnicka P, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Clinical Significance and Involvement in Molecular Cancer Processes of Chemokine CXCL1 in Selected Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4365. [PMID: 38673949 PMCID: PMC11050300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines play a key role in cancer processes, with CXCL1 being a well-studied example. Due to the lack of a complete summary of CXCL1's role in cancer in the literature, in this study, we examine the significance of CXCL1 in various cancers such as bladder, glioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, leukemias, Kaposi's sarcoma, lung, osteosarcoma, renal, and skin cancers (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma), along with thyroid cancer. We focus on understanding how CXCL1 is involved in the cancer processes of these specific types of tumors. We look at how CXCL1 affects cancer cells, including their proliferation, migration, EMT, and metastasis. We also explore how CXCL1 influences other cells connected to tumors, like promoting angiogenesis, recruiting neutrophils, and affecting immune cell functions. Additionally, we discuss the clinical aspects by exploring how CXCL1 levels relate to cancer staging, lymph node metastasis, patient outcomes, chemoresistance, and radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bosiacki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Iwona Szatkowska
- Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
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2
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Rath B, Stickler S, Hochmair MJ, Hamilton G. Expression of cytokines in pleural effusions and corresponding cell lines of small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2024; 13:5-15. [PMID: 38405004 PMCID: PMC10891412 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-23-569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine aggressive tumor with a dismal prognosis due to the lack of curative therapeutic modalities. Approximately 11% of these patients show a malignant pleural effusion (MPE) that increase in frequency with progression of the disease. In MPE, fluid accumulates due to leaky vessels and mesothelial surfaces as well as impaired removal of fluid due to impaired drainage. Methods For this investigation, three SCLC MPE samples and supernatants of the corresponding isolated cell lines were analyzed for the content of 105 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Overexpressed pathways including these cytokines were identified using Reactome analysis tools. Results A large range of cytokines, including vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), were found to be expressed in the MPEs and conditioned media of the corresponding cell line. These mediators are involved in pathways such as interleukin (IL) signaling, growth factor stimulation, modulation of cell adhesion molecules and proliferative cell signaling. Cytokine expression by the corresponding SCLC cell lines revealed the specific contributions of the tumor cells and included high expression of VEGFA, tumor-promoting factors and mediators exerting immunosuppressive and protumor effects. MPEs used here showed marked stimulation of the proliferation of four permanent SCLC cell lines. Conclusions MPEs comprise a large number of cytokines with mixed activities on tumor cells and the invading SCLC cells release a number of protumor mediators and induce an immunosuppressive pleural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Rath
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Stickler
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian J. Hochmair
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Hamilton
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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3
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Singla N, Nirschl TR, Obradovic AZ, Shenderov E, Lombardo K, Liu X, Pons A, Zarif JC, Rowe SP, Trock BJ, Hammers HJ, Bivalacqua TJ, Pierorazio PM, Deutsch JS, Lotan TL, Taube JM, Ged YMA, Gorin MA, Allaf ME, Drake CG. Immunomodulatory response to neoadjuvant nivolumab in non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1458. [PMID: 38228729 PMCID: PMC10792074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51889-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel perioperative strategies are needed to reduce recurrence rates in patients undergoing nephrectomy for high-risk, non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We conducted a prospective, phase I trial of neoadjuvant nivolumab prior to nephrectomy in 15 evaluable patients with non-metastatic ccRCC. We leveraged tissue from that cohort to elucidate the effects of PD-1 inhibition on immune cell populations in ccRCC and correlate the evolving immune milieu with anti-PD-1 response. We found that nivolumab durably induces a pro-inflammatory state within the primary tumor, and baseline immune infiltration within the primary tumor correlates with nivolumab responsiveness. Nivolumab increases CTLA-4 expression in the primary tumor, and subsequent nephrectomy increases circulating concentrations of sPD-L1, sPD-L3 (sB7-H3), and s4-1BB. These findings form the basis to consider neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) for high-risk ccRCC while the tumor remains in situ and provide the rationale for perioperative strategies of novel ICI combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmish Singla
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Park 213, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Thomas R Nirschl
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Eugene Shenderov
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kara Lombardo
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Park 213, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Xiaopu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alice Pons
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jelani C Zarif
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven P Rowe
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce J Trock
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Park 213, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Hans J Hammers
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- Division of Urology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Phillip M Pierorazio
- Division of Urology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie S Deutsch
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janis M Taube
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yasser M A Ged
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Gorin
- Milton and Carroll Petrie Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohamad E Allaf
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Park 213, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles G Drake
- Immuno-Oncology, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Raritan, NJ, USA
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Peng TJ, Wu YC, Tang SJ, Sun GH, Sun KH. TGFβ1 induces CXCL1 to promote stemness features in lung cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2249-2261. [PMID: 38158808 PMCID: PMC10903253 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231220662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines critically orchestrate the tumorigenesis, metastasis, and stemness features of cancer cells that lead to poor outcomes. High plasma levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) correlate with poor prognostic features in advanced lung cancer patients, thus suggesting the importance of TGFβ1 in the lung tumor microenvironment. However, the role of chemokines in TGFβ1-induced tumor stemness features remains unclear. Here, we clarify the previously undocumented role of CXCL1 in TGFβ1-induced lung cancer stemness features. CXCL1 and its receptor CXCR2 were significantly upregulated in TGFβ1-induced lung cancer stem cells (CSCs). CXCL1 silencing (shCXCL1) suppressed stemness gene expression, tumorsphere formation, colony formation, drug resistance, and in vivo tumorigenicity in TGFβ1-induced lung tumorspheres. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that patients with stage II/III lung cancer had higher expression levels of CXCL1. The levels of CXCL1 were positively associated with lymph node metastasis and correlated with the expression of the CSC transcription factor Oct-4. Furthermore, online database analysis revealed that CXCL1 expression was negatively correlated with lung cancer survival in patients. Patients with high TGFβ1/CXCL1/CD44 co-expression had a worse survival rate. We suggest that CXCL1 serves as a crucial factor in TGFβ1-induced stemness features of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Jung Peng
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
| | - Yi-Ching Wu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
| | - Shye-Jye Tang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301
| | - Guang-Huan Sun
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202
| | - Kuang-Hui Sun
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 103212
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5
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Łukaszewicz-Zając M, Zajkowska M, Pączek S, Kulczyńska-Przybik A, Safiejko K, Juchimiuk M, Kozłowski L, Mroczko B. The Significance of CXCL1 and CXCR1 as Potential Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1933. [PMID: 37509572 PMCID: PMC10377230 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The CXCL1/CXCR2 and CXCL8-CXCR1/CXCR2 axes are under intensive investigation as they appear to regulate the progression and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC). Growing evidence demonstrates the elevated expression of these proteins in CRC. However, a majority of relevant studies have been performed on CRC tissues using immunohistochemical techniques. Our study is the first to evaluate the diagnostic significance of serum CXCL1 and CXCR1 levels in CRC patients in comparison to well-established tumor markers, such as the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP). Thus, the aim of our study was to assess whether circulating serum levels of CXCL1 and CXCR1 might be candidates for novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and progression of CRC. The study was performed on 76 subjects, including patients with CRC and healthy volunteers as a control group. Serum concentrations of CXCL1, CXCR1, and the classical tumor marker (CEA) were measured using immunoenzyme assays, while CRP levels were assessed with the immunoturbidimetric method. Serum CXCL1 levels were statistically significantly increased in CRC patients when compared to healthy subjects, and similar results were found for CEA and CRP levels. The percentage of elevated concentrations of CXCL1 and CXCR1 was higher than that of the classical tumor biomarker and increased in the combined measurement of these proteins with CEA. In addition, among all proteins tested, serum CXCL1 seems to be the best indicator in the differentiation between CRC patients with nodal involvement and patients without the presence of lymph node metastasis. Our preliminary results indicate the role of serum CXCL1 and CXCR1 in the diagnosis of CRC, particularly in the combined measurement with CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Łukaszewicz-Zając
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Zajkowska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sara Pączek
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kulczyńska-Przybik
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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6
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Gibellini L, Borella R, Santacroce E, Serattini E, Boraldi F, Quaglino D, Aramini B, De Biasi S, Cossarizza A. Circulating and Tumor-Associated Neutrophils in the Era of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Dynamics, Phenotypes, Metabolism, and Functions. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3327. [PMID: 37444436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant myeloid cells in the blood and are a considerable immunological component of the tumor microenvironment. However, their functional importance has often been ignored, as they have always been considered a mono-dimensional population of terminally differentiated, short-living cells. During the last decade, the use of cutting-edge, single-cell technologies has revolutionized the classical view of these cells, unmasking their phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. In this review, we summarize the emerging concepts in the field of neutrophils in cancer, by reviewing the recent literature on the heterogeneity of both circulating neutrophils and tumor-associated neutrophils, as well as their possible significance in tumor prognosis and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Rebecca Borella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Santacroce
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Eugenia Serattini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Boraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Daniela Quaglino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Aramini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University Hospital GB Morgagni-L Pierantoni, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
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Prazanowska KH, Lim SB. An integrated single-cell transcriptomic dataset for non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Data 2023; 10:167. [PMID: 36973297 PMCID: PMC10042991 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a great tool for studying cellular heterogeneity within the past decade, the number of available scRNA-seq datasets also rapidly increased. However, reuse of such data is often problematic due to a small cohort size, limited cell types, and insufficient information on cell type classification. Here, we present a large integrated scRNA-seq dataset containing 224,611 cells from human primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors. Using publicly available resources, we pre-processed and integrated seven independent scRNA-seq datasets using an anchor-based approach, with five datasets utilized as reference and the remaining two, as validation. We created two levels of annotation based on cell type-specific markers conserved across the datasets. To demonstrate usability of the integrated dataset, we created annotation predictions for the two validation datasets using our integrated reference. Additionally, we conducted a trajectory analysis on subsets of T cells and lung cancer cells. This integrated data may serve as a resource for studying NSCLC transcriptome at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Hanna Prazanowska
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Su Bin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
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8
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Lee MJ, Lee J, Kang SK, Wirth D, Yoo SM, Park C, Lee MS. CXCL1 confers a survival advantage in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-infected human endothelial cells through STAT3 phosphorylation. J Med Virol 2023; 95. [PMID: 35869037 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Many cytokines produced by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-infected cells have been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of KSHV. Determination of the exact role of cytokines in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) pathogenesis is limited, however, by the difficulty to manipulate the target genes in human endothelial cells. In this study, we sought to elucidate the role of cytokines in KSHV-infected human immortalized endothelial cell line (HuARLT cells) by knockout (KO) of the corresponding target genes using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The cytokine production profile of KSHV-infected HuARLT cells was analyzed using a protein array, and several cytokines were found to be highly upregulated following KSHV infection. This study focused on CXCL1, which was investigated by knocked out in HuARLT cells. KSHV-infected CXCL1 KO cells underwent increased cell death compared to KSHV-infected wild-type (WT) cells and mock-infected CXCL1 KO cells. Lytic replication was not observed in KSHV-infected WT nor CXCL1 KO cells. Phosphorylation of STAT3 was significantly suppressed in KSHV-infected CXCL1 KO cells. Additionally, inhibitors of STAT3 and CXCL1 induced cell death in KSHV-infected endothelial cells. Our results show that CXCL1 production is required for the survival of KSHV-infected endothelial cells, and the CXCL1 to STAT3 phosphorylation signaling pathway may be a therapeutic target for KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Ju Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Kyung Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dagmar Wirth
- Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Seung-Min Yoo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhoon Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Shin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Guan R, Mei J, Guo R. Analysis of the Prognosis Prediction Ability of a Necroptosis-Related Gene Signature and its Relationship With the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immune Microenvironment Using Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231182208. [PMID: 37335078 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231182208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant cancers and has a poor prognosis. The immune microenvironment is closely related to the drug sensitivity of a tumor. Necroptosis was reported to be a key factor for HCC. The prognostic value of necroptosis-related genes and their association with the tumor immune microenvironment are still unknown. Methods: Necroptosis-related genes that could comprise a signature for predicting the prognosis of HCC cases were identified using univariate analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression analysis. The association between this prognosis prediction signature and HCC immune microenvironment was analyzed. The immunological activities and drug sensitivities were compared between different risk score groups identified using the prognosis prediction signature. The expression levels of the five genes comprising the signature were validated using RT-qPCR. Results: A prognosis prediction signature consisting of five necroptosis-related genes was constructed and validated. Its risk score was = (0.1634 × PGAM5 expression) + (0.0134 × CXCL1 expression) - (0.1007 × ALDH2 expression) + (0.2351 × EZH2 expression) - (0.0564 × NDRG2 expression). The signature was found to be significantly associated with the infiltration of B cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and myeloid dendritic cells into the HCC immune microenvironment. The number of infiltrating immune cells and the expression levels of immune checkpoints in the immune microenvironment of high-risk score patients were higher. Sorafenib and immune checkpoint blockade were determined to be ideally suited for treating high-risk score patients and low-risk score patients, respectively. Finally, RT-qPCR results confirmed that the expression levels of EZH2, NDRG2, and ALDH2 were significantly down-regulated in HuH7 and HepG2 cells compared to those in LO2 cells. Conclusion: The necroptosis-related gene signature developed herein can classify patients with HCC according to prognosis risk well and is associated with infiltration of immune cells into the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renguo Guan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongping Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Al-Saafeen BH, Al-Sbiei A, Bashir G, Mohamed YA, Masad RJ, Fernandez-Cabezudo MJ, al-Ramadi BK. Attenuated Salmonella potentiate PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy in a preclinical model of colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1017780. [PMID: 36605208 PMCID: PMC9807881 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1017780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat cancer resulted in unprecedented and durable clinical benefits. However, the response rate among patients remains rather modest. Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated the efficacy of using attenuated bacteria as immunomodulatory anti-cancer agents. The current study investigated the potential of utilizing a low dose of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium to enhance the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade in a relatively immunogenic model of colon cancer. The response of MC38 tumors to treatment with αPD-L1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was variable, with only 30% of the mice being responsive. Combined treatment with αPD-L1 mAb and Salmonella resulted in 75% inhibition of tumor growth in 100% of animals. Mechanistically, the enhanced response correlated with a decrease in the percentage of tumor-associated granulocytic cells, upregulation in MHC class II expression by intratumoral monocytes and an increase in tumor infiltration by effector T cells. Collectively, these alterations resulted in improved anti-tumor effector responses and increased apoptosis within the tumor. Thus, our study demonstrates that a novel combination treatment utilizing attenuated Salmonella and αPD-L1 mAb could improve the outcome of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besan H. Al-Saafeen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashraf Al-Sbiei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghada Bashir
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yassir A. Mohamed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Razan J. Masad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria J. Fernandez-Cabezudo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basel K. al-Ramadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,*Correspondence: Basel K. al-Ramadi,
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11
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Yue Z, Nie L, Zhao P, Ji N, Liao G, Wang Q. Senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its impact on oral immune homeostasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1019313. [PMID: 36275775 PMCID: PMC9581398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1019313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which accumulates over the course of normal aging and in age-related diseases, is a crucial driver of chronic inflammation and aging phenotypes. It is also responsible for the pathogenesis of multiple oral diseases. However, the pathogenic mechanism underlying SASP has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, relevant articles on SASP published over the last five years (2017-2022) were retrieved and used for bibliometric analysis, for the first time, to examine SASP composition. More than half of the relevant articles focus on various cytokines (27.5%), growth factors (20.9%), and proteases (20.9%). In addition, lipid metabolites (13.1%) and extracellular vesicles (6.5%) have received increasing attention over the past five years, and have been recognized as novel SASP categories. Based on this, we summarize the evidences demonstrating that SASP plays a pleiotropic role in oral immunity and propose a four-step hypothetical framework for the progression of SASP-related oral pathology-1) oral SASP development, 2) SASP-related oral pathological alterations, 3) pathological changes leading to oral immune homeostasis disruption, and 4) SASP-mediated immune dysregulation escalating oral disease. By targeting specific SASP factors, potential therapies can be developed to treat oral and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lulingxiao Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ga Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Information Management, Department of Stomatology Informatics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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CXC Chemokines in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Disease and Pharmacological Relevance. Int J Inflam 2022; 2022:4558159. [PMID: 36164329 PMCID: PMC9509283 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4558159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors play important roles in the pathophysiology of many diseases by regulating the cellular migration of major inflammatory and immune players. The CXC motif chemokine subfamily is the second largest family, and it is further subdivided into ELR motif CXC (ELR+) and non-ELR motif (ELR-) CXC chemokines, which are effective chemoattractants for neutrophils and lymphocytes/monocytes, respectively. These chemokines and their receptors are expected to have a significant impact on a wide range of lung diseases, many of which have inflammatory or immunological underpinnings. As a result, manipulations of this subfamily of chemokines and their receptors using small molecular agents and other means have been explored for potential therapeutic benefit in the setting of several lung pathologies. Furthermore, encouraging preclinical data has necessitated the progression of a few of these drugs into clinical trials in order to make the most effective use of interventions in the development of viable targeted therapeutics. The current review presents the understanding of the roles of CXC ligands (CXCLs) and their cognate receptors (CXCRs) in the pathogenesis of several lung diseases such as allergic rhinitis, COPD, lung fibrosis, lung cancer, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. The potential therapeutic benefits of pharmacological or other CXCL/CXCR axis manipulations are also discussed.
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13
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An Immune-Related Prognostic Risk Model in Colon Cancer by Bioinformatics Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3640589. [PMID: 36065262 PMCID: PMC9440785 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3640589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the leading malignancies with poor prognosis worldwide. Immune cell infiltration has a potential prognostic value for colon cancer. This study aimed to establish an immune-related prognostic risk model for colon cancer by bioinformatics analysis. A total of 1670 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 177 immune-related genes, were identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. A prognostic risk model was constructed based on six critical immune-related genes (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), epiregulin (EREG), C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 (CCL24), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), tropomyosin 2 (TPM2), and semaphorin 3G (SEMA3G)). This model was validated using the microarray dataset GSE35982. In addition, Cox regression analysis showed that age and clinical stage were correlated with prognostic risk scores. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that high risk scores correlated with low survival probabilities in patients with colon cancer. Downregulated TPM2, FABP4, and SEMA3G levels were positively associated with the activated mast cells, monocytes, and macrophages M2. Upregulated CXCL1 and EREG were positively correlated with macrophages M1 and activated T cells CD4 memory, respectively. Based on these results, we can conclude that the proposed prognostic risk model presents promising novel signatures for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of colon cancer. This model may provide therapeutic benefits for the development of immunotherapy for colon cancer.
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14
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Baci D, Cekani E, Imperatori A, Ribatti D, Mortara L. Host-Related Factors as Targetable Drivers of Immunotherapy Response in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:914890. [PMID: 35874749 PMCID: PMC9298844 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.914890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite some significant therapeutic breakthroughs leading to immunotherapy, a high percentage of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) do not respond to treatment on relapse, thus experiencing poor prognosis and survival. The unsatisfying results could be related to the features of the tumor immune microenvironment and the dynamic interactions between a tumor and immune infiltrate. Host-tumor interactions strongly influence the course of disease and response to therapies. Thus, targeting host-associated factors by restoring their physiologic functions altered by the presence of a tumor represents a new therapeutic approach to control tumor development and progression. In NSCLC, the immunogenic tumor balance is shifted negatively toward immunosuppression due to the release of inhibitory factors as well as the presence of immunosuppressive cells. Among these cells, there are myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells that can generate a tumor-permissive milieu by reprogramming the cells of the hosts such as tumor-associated macrophages, tumor-associated neutrophils, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and mast cells that acquire tumor-supporting phenotypes and functions. This review highlights the current knowledge of the involvement of host-related factors, including innate and adaptive immunity in orchestrating the tumor cell fate and the primary resistance mechanisms to immunotherapy in NSCLC. Finally, we discuss combinational therapeutic strategies targeting different aspects of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to prime the host response. Further research dissecting the characteristics and dynamic interactions within the interface host-tumor is necessary to improve a patient fitness immune response and provide answers regarding the immunotherapy efficacy, with the aim to develop more successful treatments for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Baci
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.,Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Elona Cekani
- Medical Oncology Clinic, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Imperatori
- Center for Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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15
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Li X, Yuan Y, Pal M, Jiang X. Identification and Validation of lncRNA-SNHG17 in Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Novel Prognostic and Diagnostic Indicator. Front Oncol 2022; 12:929655. [PMID: 35719962 PMCID: PMC9198440 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.929655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer has the highest death rate among cancers globally. Accumulating evidence has indicated that cancer-related inflammation plays an important role in the initiation and progression of lung cancer. However, the prognosis, immunological role, and associated regulation axis of inflammatory response-related gene (IRRGs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Methods In this study, we perform comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and constructed a prognostic inflammatory response-related gene (IRRGs) and related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. We also utilized the Pearson’s correlation analysis to determine the correlation between IRRGs expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor-immune infiltration, and the drug sensitivity in NSCLC. Growth curve and Transwell assay used to verify the function of SNHG17 on NSCLC progression. Results First, we found that IRRGs were significantly upregulated in lung cancer, and its high expression was correlated with poor prognosis; high expression of IRRGs was significantly correlated with the tumor stage and poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment indicated that these IRRGs are mainly involved in the inflammatory and immune response-related signaling pathway in the progression of NSCLC. We utilized 10 prognostic-related genes to construct a prognostic IRRGs model that could predict the overall survival of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients possessing high specificity and accuracy. Our evidence demonstrated that IRRGs expression was significantly correlated with the TMB, MSI, immune-cell infiltration, and diverse cancer-related drug sensitivity. Finally, we identified the upstream regulatory axis of IRRGs in NSCLC, namely, lncRNA MIR503HG/SNHG17/miR-330-3p/regulatory axis. Finally, knockdown of SNHG17 expression inhibited lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell proliferation and migration. Our findings confirmed that SNHG17 is a novel oncogenic lncRNA and may be a biomarker for the prognosis and diagnosis of LUAD. Conclusion DNA hypomethylation/lncRNA MIR503HG/SNHG17/microRNA-330-3p/regulatory axis may be a valuable biomarker for prognosis and is significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixiao Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mintu Pal
- Biotechnology Division, North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, India
| | - Xiulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Wang X, Ma L, Pei X, Wang H, Tang X, Pei JF, Ding YN, Qu S, Wei ZY, Wang HY, Wang X, Wei GH, Liu DP, Chen HZ. Comprehensive assessment of cellular senescence in the tumor microenvironment. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:bbac118. [PMID: 35419596 PMCID: PMC9116224 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence (CS), a state of permanent growth arrest, is intertwined with tumorigenesis. Due to the absence of specific markers, characterizing senescence levels and senescence-related phenotypes across cancer types remain unexplored. Here, we defined computational metrics of senescence levels as CS scores to delineate CS landscape across 33 cancer types and 29 normal tissues and explored CS-associated phenotypes by integrating multiplatform data from ~20 000 patients and ~212 000 single-cell profiles. CS scores showed cancer type-specific associations with genomic and immune characteristics and significantly predicted immunotherapy responses and patient prognosis in multiple cancers. Single-cell CS quantification revealed intra-tumor heterogeneity and activated immune microenvironment in senescent prostate cancer. Using machine learning algorithms, we identified three CS genes as potential prognostic predictors in prostate cancer and verified them by immunohistochemical assays in 72 patients. Our study provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating senescence levels and clinical relevance, gaining insights into CS roles in cancer- and senescence-related biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lifei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoya Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Heping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Fei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang-Nan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Siyao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gong-Hong Wei
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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17
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Chen M, Wu W, Wang S, Lai X, Liu M, Sun Y, Liu X, Li G, Song Y, Bao C, Li X, Chen G, Deng Y. Neutrophils as emerging immunotherapeutic targets: Indirect treatment of tumors by regulating the tumor immune environment based on a sialic acid derivative-modified nanocomplex platform. Int J Pharm 2022; 620:121684. [PMID: 35314280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells are dependent on their microenvironment; thus, targeting the non-cancerous components surrounding the tumor may be beneficial. Neutrophils are important inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment that significantly affect tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and immune regulation. Targeted regulation of tumor-associated neutrophil-related pathways is expected to become a new therapeutic approach. Colchicine compounds are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that strongly inhibit the chemotaxis of neutrophils to the inflammatory site. We attempted to achieve anticancer effects by utilizing its ability to inhibit neutrophil recruitment rather than killing tumor cells. As such drugs are likely to cause non-specific damages due to the lack of selectivity, we synthesized and used sialic acid and cholesterol derivatives (SA-CH) for surface modification of the newly synthesized low-toxic colchicine derivative (BCS) nanocomposite to improve neutrophil targeting. In vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that SA-CH-modified BCS preparations are effectively absorbed by neutrophils, inhibit cell migration, reduce infiltration of tumor-associated neutrophils, enhance T lymphocyte function, and exhibit good anti-S180 early tumor effect. In addition, in a triple-negative breast cancer model, the agent could strongly inhibit tumor metastasis to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxue Lai
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Mengyang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Yiming Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Xinrong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Gang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Yanzhi Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Changshun Bao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yihui Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
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18
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Park YL, Kim HP, Ock CY, Min DW, Kang JK, Lim YJ, Song SH, Han SW, Kim TY. EMT-mediated regulation of CXCL1/5 for resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:2026-2038. [PMID: 35173310 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of RAS/RAF mutant clone is the main feature of EGFR inhibitor resistance in KRAS wild-type colon cancer. However, its molecular mechanism is thought to be multifactorial, mainly due to cellular heterogeneity. In order to better understand the resistance mechanism in a single clone level, we successfully isolated nine cells with cetuximab-resistant (CR) clonality from in vitro system. All CR cells harbored either KRAS or BRAF mutations. Characteristically, these cells showed a higher EMT (Epithelial to mesenchymal transition) signature, showing increased EMT markers such as SNAI2. Moreover, the expression level of CXCL1/5, a secreted protein, was significantly higher in CR cells compared to the parental cells. In these CR cells, CXCL1/5 expression was coordinately regulated by SNAI2/NFKB and transactivated EGFR through CXCR/MMPI/EGF axis via autocrine singling. We also observed that combined cetuximab/MEK inhibitor not only showed growth inhibition but also reduced the secreted amounts of CXCL1/5. We further found that serum CXCL1/5 level was positively correlated with the presence of RAS/RAF mutation in colon cancer patients during cetuximab therapy, suggesting its role as a biomarker. These data indicated that the application of serum CXCL1/5 could be a potential serologic biomarker for predicting resistance to EGFR therapy in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Lim Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hwang-Phill Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,IMBDx Inc, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Young Ock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Min
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Kyu Kang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Joo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Song
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae-Won Han
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-You Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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19
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Ozel I, Duerig I, Domnich M, Lang S, Pylaeva E, Jablonska J. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: Neutrophils, Angiogenesis, and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030536. [PMID: 35158807 PMCID: PMC8833332 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from already existing vasculature, is tightly regulated by pro- and anti-angiogenic stimuli and occurs under both physiological and pathological conditions. Tumor angiogenesis is central for tumor development, and an “angiogenic switch” could be initiated by multiple immune cells, such as neutrophils. Tumor-associated neutrophils promote tumor angiogenesis by the release of both conventional and non-conventional pro-angiogenic factors. Therefore, neutrophil-mediated tumor angiogenesis should be taken into consideration in the design of novel anti-cancer therapy. This review recapitulates the complex role of neutrophils in tumor angiogenesis and summarizes neutrophil-derived pro-angiogenic factors and mechanisms regulating angiogenic activity of tumor-associated neutrophils. Moreover, it provides up-to-date information about neutrophil-targeting therapy, complementary to anti-angiogenic treatment.
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20
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Duits DEM, de Visser KE. Impact of cancer cell-intrinsic features on neutrophil behavior. Semin Immunol 2021; 57:101546. [PMID: 34887163 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are multifaceted innate immune cells that play a significant role in the progression of cancer by exerting both pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions. The crosstalk between cancer cells and neutrophils is complex and emerging evidence is pointing at cancer cell-intrinsic programs regulating neutrophil abundance, phenotype and function. Cancer cell-derived soluble mediators are key players in modulating the interaction with neutrophils. Here, we review how intrinsic features of cancer cells, including cancer cell genetics, epigenetics, signaling, and metabolism, manipulate neutrophil behavior and how to target these processes to impact cancer progression. A molecular understanding of cancer cell-intrinsic properties that shape the crosstalk with neutrophils will provide novel therapeutic strategies for personalized immunomodulation in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danique E M Duits
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karin E de Visser
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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21
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Siwicki M, Pittet MJ. Versatile neutrophil functions in cancer. Semin Immunol 2021; 57:101538. [PMID: 34876331 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils have historically been considered a singular, terminally-differentiated cell population, replete with pre-formed granules, poised to react quickly, aggressively, and somewhat non-specifically in the face of a microbial challenge or tissue injury. However, in recent years, neutrophil biologists have started revisiting this simplistic conception. Many studies have identified complexities in neutrophil biology, and these findings have led the field to redefine neutrophil heterogeneity from multiple angles including their development and maturation, their tissue location, and their ability to respond to various (pathological) stimuli. In this review, we discuss the importance of this reassessment within the context of cancer. Experimental evidence supports that neutrophil behavior is diverse, context-dependent, and manipulable; cutting-edge technologies have enabled the identification of neutrophil heterogeneity with high resolution and in an unbiased manner, revealing what may be critical underpinnings of these diverse behaviors, and enabling sophisticated computational assessments of specific programs and interactions. We are coming ever closer to delineating a holistic picture of neutrophil heterogeneity and how it may interplay with cancer stage, tumor microenvironment, and therapy. All of this together paints a promising picture when considering how clinical practice may harness the heterogeneity of these cells, for biomarkers or therapeutic approaches, leveraging what we are learning about these powerful and plentiful immune effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Siwicki
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard, USA.
| | - Mikael J Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Switzerland; AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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22
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Lee CW, Chiang YC, Yu PA, Peng KT, Chi MC, Lee MH, Fang ML, Lee KH, Hsu LF, Liu JF. A Role of CXCL1 Drives Osteosarcoma Lung Metastasis via VCAM-1 Production. Front Oncol 2021; 11:735277. [PMID: 34760697 PMCID: PMC8573405 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.735277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a common aggressive and malignant cancer, appears in the musculoskeletal system among young adults. The major cause of mortality in osteosarcoma was the recurrence of lung metastases. However, the molecular mechanisms of metastasis involved in osteosarcomas remain unclear. Recently, CXCL1 and CXCR2 have been crucial indicators for lung metastasis in osteosarcoma by paracrine releases, suggesting the involvement of directing neutrophils into tumor microenvironment. In this study, overexpression of CXCL1 has a positive correlation with the migratory and invasive activities in osteosarcoma cell lines. Furthermore, the signaling pathway, CXCR2/FAK/PI3K/Akt, is activated through CXCL1 by promoting vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) via upregulation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression and nuclear translocation. The in vivo animal model further demonstrated that CXCL1 serves as a critical promoter in osteosarcoma metastasis to the lung. The correlated expression of CXCL1 and VCAM-1 was observed in the immunohistochemistry staining from human osteosarcoma specimens. Our findings demonstrate the cascade mechanism regulating the network in lung metastasis osteosarcoma, therefore indicating that the CXCL1/CXCR2 pathway is a worthwhile candidate to further develop treatment schemas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiang-Wen Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Taiwan.,Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Taiwan.,Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Taiwan
| | - Pei-An Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi, Taiwan.,Sports Medicine Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chia Yi, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ti Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Ching Chi
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsueh Lee
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Taiwan.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Fang
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Super Micro Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Han Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Fen Hsu
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Taiwan.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Fang Liu
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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23
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ERK5 modulates IL-6 secretion and contributes to tumor-induced immune suppression. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:969. [PMID: 34671021 PMCID: PMC8528934 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumors exhibit a variety of strategies to dampen antitumor immune responses. With an aim to identify factors that are secreted from tumor cells, we performed an unbiased mass spectrometry-based secretome analysis in lung cancer cells. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been identified as a prominent factor secreted by tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts isolated from cancer patients. Incubation of dendritic cell (DC) cultures with tumor cell supernatants inhibited the production of IL-12p70 in DCs but not the surface expression of other activation markers which is reversed by treatment with IL-6 antibody. Defects in IL-12p70 production in the DCs inhibited the differentiation of Th1 but not Th2 and Th17 cells from naïve CD4+ T cells. We also demonstrate that the classical mitogen-activated protein kinase, ERK5/MAPK7, is required for IL-6 production in tumor cells. Inhibition of ERK5 activity or depletion of ERK5 prevented IL-6 production in tumor cells, which could be exploited for enhancing antitumor immune responses.
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24
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Korbecki J, Simińska D, Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Listos J, Gutowska I, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Chronic and Cycling Hypoxia: Drivers of Cancer Chronic Inflammation through HIF-1 and NF-κB Activation: A Review of the Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910701. [PMID: 34639040 PMCID: PMC8509318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic (continuous, non-interrupted) hypoxia and cycling (intermittent, transient) hypoxia are two types of hypoxia occurring in malignant tumors. They are both associated with the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), which induce changes in gene expression. This paper discusses in detail the mechanisms of activation of these two transcription factors in chronic and cycling hypoxia and the crosstalk between both signaling pathways. In particular, it focuses on the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) together with nitric oxide synthase, acetylation of HIF-1, and the action of MAPK cascades. The paper also discusses the importance of hypoxia in the formation of chronic low-grade inflammation in cancerous tumors. Finally, we discuss the effects of cycling hypoxia on the tumor microenvironment, in particular on the expression of VEGF-A, CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL1/GRO-α, CXCL8/IL-8, and COX-2 together with PGE2. These factors induce angiogenesis and recruit various cells into the tumor niche, including neutrophils and monocytes which, in the tumor, are transformed into tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) that participate in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (I.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Donata Simińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (I.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Magdalena Gąssowska-Dobrowolska
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Listos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (I.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (I.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (I.G.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(91)-466-1515
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25
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Qin YF, Li GM, Wang G, Kong DJ, Wang HD, Zhao YM, Hao JP, Qin H, Sun DQ, Wang H. Identification of Hub Gene TIMP1 and Relative ceRNAs Regulatory Network in Colorectal Cancer. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2021; 17:889-901. [PMID: 34475758 PMCID: PMC8407779 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s321101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to discover the ceRNAs network in the pathophysiological development of human colorectal cancer (CRC) and to screen biomarkers for target therapy and prognosis by using integrated bioinformatics analysis. Methods Data on gene expressions of mRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases, respectively. Differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were identified by using the DESeq2 package of R software. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted using the ClusterProfiler package of R software. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was shown by the STRING website. Survival analysis of hub genes was performed using the survival package in R software. Interactions among hub genes, differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) were used to construct the ceRNAs network. Results A total of 412 DEmRNAs including 82 upregulated and 330 downregulated genes were screened out between 473 CRC and 41 normal samples. Two hundred and sixty DEcircRNAs including 253 upregulated and 7 downregulated genes were altered between 23 CRC and 23 normal samples. One hundred and ninety DEmiRNAs including 82 upregulated and 108 downregulated genes were obtained between 450 CRC and 8 normal samples. A ceRNAs and PPI network were successfully constructed, and TIMP1 associated with prognosis was employed. Conclusion The present study identified a novel circRNAs-miRNAs-mRNA ceRNAs network, which implied that TIMP1 and related miRNAs, circRNAs were potential biomarkers underlying the development of CRC, providing new insights for survival predictions and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fei Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Ming Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Grace Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - De-Jun Kong
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Da Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ming Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Peng Hao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Qing Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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26
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Singh AJ, Gray JW. Chemokine signaling in cancer-stroma communications. J Cell Commun Signal 2021; 15:361-381. [PMID: 34086259 PMCID: PMC8222467 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-021-00621-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multi-faceted disease in which spontaneous mutation(s) in a cell leads to the growth and development of a malignant new organ that if left undisturbed will grow in size and lead to eventual death of the organism. During this process, multiple cell types are continuously releasing signaling molecules into the microenvironment, which results in a tangled web of communication that both attracts new cell types into and reshapes the tumor microenvironment as a whole. One prominent class of molecules, chemokines, bind to specific receptors and trigger directional, chemotactic movement in the receiving cell. Chemokines and their receptors have been demonstrated to be expressed by almost all cell types in the tumor microenvironment, including epithelial, immune, mesenchymal, endothelial, and other stromal cells. This results in chemokines playing multifaceted roles in facilitating context-dependent intercellular communications. Recent research has started to shed light on these ligands and receptors in a cancer-specific context, including cell-type specificity and drug targetability. In this review, we summarize the latest research with regards to chemokines in facilitating communication between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun J Singh
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
| | - Joe W Gray
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
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27
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Guo H, Li B, Diao L, Wang H, Chen P, Jiang M, Zhao L, He Y, Zhou C. An immune-based risk-stratification system for predicting prognosis in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC). Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1947665. [PMID: 34290908 PMCID: PMC8279095 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1947665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is an uncommon subtype of lung cancer, and immune checkpoint blockade promises in clinical benefit. However, virtually nothing is known about the expression of common immune checkpoints in PSC. Here, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect nine immune-related proteins in 97 PSC patients. Based on the univariable Cox regression, random forests were used to establish risk models for OS and DFS. Moreover, we used the GSEA, CIBERSORT, and ImmuCellAI to analyze the enriched pathways and microenvironment. Univariable analysis revealed that CD4 (P = 0.008), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; P = 0.003), galectin-9 (Gal-9) on tumor cells (TCs; P = 0.021) were independent for DFS, while CD4 (P = 0.020), PD-1 (P = 0.004), Gal-9 (P = 0.033), and HLA on TILs (P = 0.031) were significant for OS. Meanwhile, the expression level of CD8 played a marginable role in DFS (P = 0.061), limited by the number of patients. The combination of Gal-9 on TC with CD4 and PD-1 on TILs demonstrated the most accurate prediction for DFS (AUC: 0.636-0.791, F1-score: 0.635–0.799), and a dramatic improvement to TNM-stage (P < 0.001 for F1-score of 1-y, 3-y, and 5-yDFS). A similar finding was also observed in the predictive ability of CD4 for OS (AUC: 0.602-0.678, F1-score: 0.635–0.679). CD4 was negatively associated with the infiltration of neutrophils (P = 0.015). PDCD1 (coding gene of PD-1) was positively correlated to the number of exhausted T cells (Texs; P = 0.020) and induced regulatory T cells (iTregs; P = 0.021), and LGALS9 (coding gene of Gal-9) was positively related to the level of dendritic cells (DCs; P = 0.021). Further, a higher combinational level of CD4, PDCD1 on TILs, and LAGLS9 on TCs were proved to be infiltrated with more M1-type macrophages (P < 0.05). We confirmed the expression status of nine immune-related proteins and established a TNM-Immune system for OS and DFS in PSC to assist clinical risk-stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binglei Li
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Diao
- Department of Automation, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peixin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minlin Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lishu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Wei J, Fang DL, Huang CK, Hua SL, Lu XS. Screening a novel signature and predicting the immune landscape of metastatic osteosarcoma in children via immune-related lncRNAs. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:1851-1866. [PMID: 34430433 PMCID: PMC8349967 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune microenvironment plays an essential role in osteosarcoma (OSs); however, differences in immune-related long non-coding ribonucleic acids (irlncRNAs) in children with localized OSs and metastatic OSs have not yet been investigated. METHODS The clinical data and the transcriptome of OSs were obtained from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database, and the immune-related genes were derived from the imported dataset. The correlations between immune-related genes and lncRNAs were examined. Next, the differential expressions of the irlncRNA pairs (IRLPs) in localized OSs and distant metastatic OSs were analyzed, and a prognostic model was constructed based on the significant differentially expressed IRLPs. We also analyzed the association between the IRLPs' signature risk score and the infiltration of the immune cells. Finally, we investigated the correlation between risk score and drug resistance. RESULTS Thirty upregulated and 22 downregulated lncRNAs were identified in the localized and metastatic OSs samples. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were undertaken to select 6 lncRNA pairs to establish the prognostic signature, the model was valuable in predicting OSs prognosis. Further, the expression of the finally selected irlncRNAs indicated that VPS9D1-AS1 (P=0.031), AP003086.2 (P=0.041), AL031847.1 (P=0.008), AL020997.3 (P=0.020), AC011444.1 (P=0.025), and AC006449.2 (P=0.003) were significantly upregulated in metastasis patients, but USP27X-AS1 (P=0.046), AL008721.2 (P=0.005), AC002091.1 (P=0.033), and AL118558.4 (P=0.049) were significantly overexpressed in localized patients. The overexpression of AC002091.1 (P=0.038) and AL118558.4 (P=0.004) resulted in better overall survival, but the upregulation of AC011444.1 (P=0.045), AL031847.1 (P=0.020), VPS9D1-AS1 (P=0.039), and AC006449.2 (0.006) led to a poor outcome. Differences in immune cell infiltration indicated that metastatic patients and localized have significant difference of 4 (CD4) T cells (P=0.006), monocytes (P=0.029), activated mast cells (P=0.018), and neutrophils (P=0.026), and a high abundance of activated dendritic cells (P=0.010) and activated mast cells (P=0.049) resulted in poor prognosis. Patients in the high-risk-score group were resistant to axitinib, but sensitive to dasatinib, bortezomib, and cisplatin. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, IRLPs were used to construct a novel and practical model for predicting the prognosis of localized and metastatic OSs in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wei
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Da-Lang Fang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Cheng Kua Huang
- Department of Traumatology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Shu-Liang Hua
- Department of Traumatology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Lu
- Department of Traumatology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
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29
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Anderson R, Blidner AG, Rapoport BL. Frontiers in Pharmacology: Review Manuscript Targeting of the Neutrophil as an Adjunctive Strategy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:676399. [PMID: 34168563 PMCID: PMC8218630 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.676399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for around 85% of cases. Of particular concern is the poor responsiveness of this malignancy to therapy, resulting in a very low 5-year survival rate (17.4%) and a prominent tendency to progress to metastatic disease. A number of very recent studies, both pre-clinical and clinical, have implicated the neutrophil in both the pathogenesis and unsatisfactory response to therapy of NSCLC. In this context, movement of neutrophils into the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a common feature of NSCLC. Indeed neutrophils are the dominant type of immune cell in the NSCLC TME, creating a highly immunosuppressive milieu that is not only conducive to tumor growth and spread, but also represents a significant obstacle to the success of anti-tumor therapy, especially novel immunotherapies. The clinically relevant adverse impact of a neutrophil predominance both systemically and in the TME of patients with NSCLC is underscored by the negative prognostic value of both a persistent neutrophilia and, in particular, a high (≥5) neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio. On a more positive note, however, recognition of the involvement of the neutrophil in both the pathophysiology of NSCLC and treatment failure has enabled identification of neutrophil-targeted strategies that have the potential to serve as adjuncts to standard anti-cancer therapies, including immunotherapy. These strategies together with a consideration of the immunosuppressive, pro-tumorigenic properties of the neutrophil represent the major thrusts of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Anderson
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ada Gabriela Blidner
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bernardo Leon Rapoport
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa
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30
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Unver N. Identification of the dominant angiogenic CXCL class chemokines associated with non-small cell lung cancer via bioinformatics tools. Med Oncol 2021; 38:68. [PMID: 33983509 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines play a critical role in lung cancer progression and metastasis. In non-small cell lung cancer, the determination of dominant angiogenic CXCL-type chemokines may increase the efficacy of targeted therapy and modulate the prognosis of lung cancer. Also, chemokine and chemokine receptors shape the immune response in the cross-talk between both cancer cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. In this computational evaluation study based on databases containing mostly RNA-seq analyses, it is aimed to determine the dominant angiogenic CXCL-type chemokines with the highest expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and particularly in non-small cell lung cancer cells. CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL7, and CXCL8, which can potentially be co-regulated and associated with poor survival, and phagocyte infiltration including neutrophils and macrophages are predominantly identified in non-small cell lung cancer. Moreover, the receptors of these chemokines, CXCR1 (binding CXCL8) and CXCR2 (binding CXCL1, 5, 7, 8), are positively correlated with the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. With the discovery of the common regulatory mechanisms of these angiogenic chemokines and validation studies in clinical examples, the chemokine panels specific to non-small cell lung cancer will become clear and have a decisive role in the prognosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Unver
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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31
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SenGupta S, Hein LE, Xu Y, Zhang J, Konwerski JR, Li Y, Johnson C, Cai D, Smith JL, Parent CA. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Recruit Neutrophils by Secreting TGF-β and CXCR2 Ligands. Front Immunol 2021; 12:659996. [PMID: 33912188 PMCID: PMC8071875 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.659996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor associated neutrophils (TANs) are frequently detected in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Recent studies also reveal the importance of neutrophils in promoting tumor progression and metastasis during breast cancer. However, the mechanisms regulating neutrophil trafficking to breast tumors are less clear. We sought to determine whether neutrophil trafficking to breast tumors is determined directly by the malignant potential of cancer cells. We found that tumor conditioned media (TCM) harvested from highly aggressive, metastatic TNBC cells induced a polarized morphology and robust neutrophil migration, while TCM derived from poorly aggressive estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer cells had no activity. In a three-dimensional (3D) type-I collagen matrix, neutrophils migrated toward TCM from aggressive breast cancer cells with increased velocity and directionality. Moreover, in a neutrophil-tumor spheroid co-culture system, neutrophils migrated with increased directionality towards spheroids generated from TNBC cells compared to ER+ cells. Based on these findings, we next sought to characterize the active factors secreted by TNBC cell lines. We found that TCM-induced neutrophil migration is dependent on tumor-derived chemokines, and screening TCM elution fractions based on their ability to induce polarized neutrophil morphology revealed the molecular weight of the active factors to be around 12 kDa. TCM from TNBC cell lines contained copious amounts of GRO (CXCL1/2/3) chemokines and TGF-β cytokines compared to ER+ cell-derived TCM. TCM activity was inhibited by simultaneously blocking receptors specific to GRO chemokines and TGF-β, while the activity remained intact in the presence of either single receptor inhibitor. Together, our findings establish a direct link between the malignant potential of breast cancer cells and their ability to induce neutrophil migration. Our study also uncovers a novel coordinated function of TGF-β and GRO chemokines responsible for guiding neutrophil trafficking to the breast tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvasree SenGupta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lauren E Hein
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jason Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jamie R Konwerski
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Craig Johnson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dawen Cai
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Janet L Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Carole A Parent
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Zhao Y, Ting KK, Coleman P, Qi Y, Chen J, Vadas M, Gamble J. The Tumour Vasculature as a Target to Modulate Leucocyte Trafficking. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071724. [PMID: 33917287 PMCID: PMC8038724 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumour blood vessels, characterised by abnormal morphology and function, create an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment via restricting the appropriate leucocyte subsets trafficking. Strategies to trigger phenotypic alteration in tumour vascular system to resemble normal vascular system, named vascular normalisation, promote effective trafficking of leucocytes into tumours through enhancing the interactions between leucocytes and endothelial cells. This review specifically demonstrates how targeting tumour blood vessels modulates the critical steps of leucocyte trafficking. Furthermore, selective regulation of leucocyte subsets trafficking in tumours can be achieved by vasculature-targeting strategies, contributing to improved immunotherapy and thereby delayed tumour progression. Abstract The effectiveness of immunotherapy against solid tumours is dependent on the appropriate leucocyte subsets trafficking and accumulating in the tumour microenvironment (TME) with recruitment occurring at the endothelium. Such recruitment involves interactions between the leucocytes and the endothelial cells (ECs) of the vessel and occurs through a series of steps including leucocyte capture, their rolling, adhesion, and intraluminal crawling, and finally leucocyte transendothelial migration across the endothelium. The tumour vasculature can curb the trafficking of leucocytes through influencing each step of the leucocyte recruitment process, ultimately producing an immunoresistant microenvironment. Modulation of the tumour vasculature by strategies such as vascular normalisation have proven to be efficient in facilitating leucocyte trafficking into tumours and enhancing immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of abnormal tumour vasculature and its impact on leucocyte trafficking, and potential strategies for overcoming the tumour vascular abnormalities to boost immunotherapy via increasing leucocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-025-85811237 (Y.Z.); +61-02-95656225 (J.G.)
| | - Ka Ka Ting
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
| | - Paul Coleman
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia;
| | - Mathew Vadas
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
| | - Jennifer Gamble
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-025-85811237 (Y.Z.); +61-02-95656225 (J.G.)
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Immunogenomic identification and characterization of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in multiple myeloma. Blood 2021; 136:199-209. [PMID: 32325491 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019004537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs) promote tumor growth and immunosuppression in multiple myeloma (MM). However, their phenotype is not well established for accurate monitoring or clinical translation. We aimed to provide the phenotypic profile of G-MDSCs based on their prognostic significance in MM, immunosuppressive potential, and molecular program. The preestablished phenotype of G-MDSCs was evaluated in bone marrow samples from controls and MM patients using multidimensional flow cytometry; surprisingly, we found that CD11b+CD14-CD15+CD33+HLADR- cells overlapped with common eosinophils and neutrophils, which were not expanded in MM patients. Therefore, we relied on automated clustering to unbiasedly identify all granulocytic subsets in the tumor microenvironment: basophils, eosinophils, and immature, intermediate, and mature neutrophils. In a series of 267 newly diagnosed MM patients (GEM2012MENOS65 trial), only the frequency of mature neutrophils at diagnosis was significantly associated with patient outcome, and a high mature neutrophil/T-cell ratio resulted in inferior progression-free survival (P < .001). Upon fluorescence-activated cell sorting of each neutrophil subset, T-cell proliferation decreased in the presence of mature neutrophils (0.5-fold; P = .016), and the cytotoxic potential of T cells engaged by a BCMA×CD3-bispecific antibody increased notably with the depletion of mature neutrophils (fourfold; P = .0007). Most interestingly, RNA sequencing of the 3 subsets revealed that G-MDSC-related genes were specifically upregulated in mature neutrophils from MM patients vs controls because of differential chromatin accessibility. Taken together, our results establish a correlation between the clinical significance, immunosuppressive potential, and transcriptional network of well-defined neutrophil subsets, providing for the first time a set of optimal markers (CD11b/CD13/CD16) for accurate monitoring of G-MDSCs in MM.
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Rückert M, Deloch L, Frey B, Schlücker E, Fietkau R, Gaipl US. Combinations of Radiotherapy with Vaccination and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Differently Affect Primary and Abscopal Tumor Growth and the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040714. [PMID: 33572437 PMCID: PMC7916259 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is known to have immune-modulatory properties. We hypothesized that RT and inactivated whole tumor cell vaccines generated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) synergize to retard the tumor growth which can be additionally improved with anti-PD-1 treatment. In abscopal tumor models, we injected mice with B16-F10 melanoma or TS/A mammary tumors. To evaluate the efficiency of RT in combination with HHP vaccines, we locally irradiated only one tumor with 2 × 8 Gy or 3 × 8 Gy. HHP vaccines further retarded the growth of locally irradiated (2 × 8 Gy) tumors. However, HHP vaccination combined with RT failed to induce abscopal anti-tumor immune responses, namely those to non-irradiated tumors, and even partly abrogated those which were induced with RT plus anti-PD-1. In the latter group, the abscopal effects were accompanied by an elevated infiltration of CD8+ T cells, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells. 3 × 8 Gy failed to induce abscopal effects in association with increased expression of immunosuppressive checkpoint molecules compared to 2 × 8 Gy. We conclude that HHP vaccines induce anti-tumor effects, but only if the tumor microenvironment was previously modulated by hypofractionated RT with not too many fractions, but failed to improve RT plus anti-PD-induced abscopal responses that are characterized by distinct immune alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rückert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Lisa Deloch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Eberhard Schlücker
- Institute of Process Machinery and Systems Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Udo S. Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)9131-85-44258
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Zhou X, Xiao F, Sugimoto H, Li B, McAndrews KM, Kalluri R. Acute Kidney Injury Instigates Malignant Renal Cell Carcinoma via CXCR2 in Mice with Inactivated Trp53 and Pten in Proximal Tubular Kidney Epithelial Cells. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2690-2702. [PMID: 33558337 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common urologic malignancies with the highest mortality rates worldwide. However, relevant mouse models that recapitulated the genetic alterations found in RCC have been lacking. In this study, we crossed Trp53 and Pten conditional knockout mice with Ggt1-Cre mice to generate a Ggt1-Cre; Trp53LoxP/LoxP ; PtenLoxP/LoxP ; YFPLoxP/LoxP (GPPY) mouse model, which resulted in the formation of dysplastic lesions involving kidney tubular epithelial cells (TEC), with only approximately 25% of mice developing RCC at an advanced age. Combining CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Vhl knockout in these mice increased the frequency of dysplasia, but failed to increase the incidence of RCC. Assessments of whether ischemic injury of TECs in the GPPY kidney without Vhl knockout influences the emergence of RCC revealed that advanced RCC predominantly emerged in the contralateral, noninjured kidney with 100% penetrance at a younger age, but rarely in the injured kidney due to severely damaged ischemic TEC. Injured TEC released CXCL1 into the microenvironment that traveled systemically to activate fibroblasts and recruit neutrophils to enable emergence of RCC in the contralateral kidney. Fibroblasts responded to CXCL1 via CXCR2 and recruited tumor-associated neutrophils, which in turn mediated tumor-promoting inflammation and angiogenesis. Treatment with anti-CXCR2 antibodies abolished the emergence of malignant RCC. Collectively, these results demonstrate a defining functional role of systemic inflammation and microenvironment in the emergence of malignant cancer from preestablished dysplastic precursor lesions. SIGNIFICANCE: These results identify a role for CXCL1/CXCR2 and the tumor microenvironment in the development of RCC. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/10/2690/F1.large.jpg.See related commentary by Kusmartsev, p. 2584.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunian Zhou
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bingrui Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathleen M McAndrews
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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36
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Gu L, Yao Y, Chen Z. An inter-correlation among chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) 1, CXCL2 and CXCL8, and their diversified potential as biomarkers for tumor features and survival profiles in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:748-758. [PMID: 35116406 PMCID: PMC8798849 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim was to explore the interaction among chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) 1/2/8 expressions, and their associations with clinicopathologic features and survival profiles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods The tumor tissue specimens from 232 primary NSCLC patients with TNM stage I-IIIA underwent resection were obtained and the expressions of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL8 were measured by immunohistochemical assay. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated according to survival data. Results There were 117(50.4%) CXCL1 low expression patients versus (vs.) 115 (49.6%) CXCL1 high expression patients, 107(46.1%) CXCL2 low expression patients vs. 125 (53.9%) CXCL2 high expression patients, 93 (40.1%) CXCL8 low expression patients vs. 139 (59.9%) CXCL8 high expression patients. Meanwhile, CXCL1 expression was positively correlated with CXCL2 expression and CXCL8 expression; CXCL2 expression was also positively correlated with CXCL8 expression. For tumor features, CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL8 were positively correlated with lymph node (LYN) metastasis and TNM stage, but not correlated with differentiation, tumor size or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level. For prognosis, CXCL1 high expression was associated with worse DFS and OS, so did CXCL2 high expression, while there was no correlation of CXCL8 with DFS or OS; Multivariate Cox’s regression disclosed that high expression of CXCL1, but not CXCL2 or CXCL8, was an independent factor predicting shorter DFS and OS. Conclusions An inter-correlation is observed among CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL8 expressions, and they show diversified potential as biomarkers for tumor features and survival profiles in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linping Gu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxian Yao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Korbecki J, Kojder K, Kapczuk P, Kupnicka P, Gawrońska-Szklarz B, Gutowska I, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of CXC Chemokines and CXC Chemokine Receptors-A Review of Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020843. [PMID: 33467722 PMCID: PMC7830156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an integral component of the tumor microenvironment. Either as chronic or cycling hypoxia, it exerts a similar effect on cancer processes by activating hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and nuclear factor (NF-κB), with cycling hypoxia showing a stronger proinflammatory influence. One of the systems affected by hypoxia is the CXC chemokine system. This paper reviews all available information on hypoxia-induced changes in the expression of all CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL4, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL7, CXCL8 (IL-8), CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 (SDF-1), CXCL13, CXCL14, CXCL15, CXCL16, CXCL17) as well as CXC chemokine receptors—CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR6, CXCR7 and CXCR8. First, we present basic information on the effect of these chemoattractant cytokines on cancer processes. We then discuss the effect of hypoxia-induced changes on CXC chemokine expression on the angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and recruitment of various cells to the tumor niche, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Finally, the review summarizes data on the use of drugs targeting the CXC chemokine system in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Klaudyna Kojder
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-281 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Kapczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Barbara Gawrońska-Szklarz
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914661515
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Hozhabri H, Lashkari A, Razavi SM, Mohammadian A. Integration of gene expression data identifies key genes and pathways in colorectal cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:7. [PMID: 33411100 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-01448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumor and prevalent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of patients with CRC with the aim of better understanding the molecular mechanism and key genes in CRC. Four gene expression profiles including, GSE9348, GSE41328, GSE41657, and GSE113513 were downloaded from GEO database. The data were processed using R programming language, in which 319 common differentially expressed genes including 94 up-regulated and 225 down-regulated were identified. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted to find the most significant enriched pathways in CRC. Based on the GO and KEGG pathway analysis, the most important dysregulated pathways were regulation of cell proliferation, biocarbonate transport, Wnt, and IL-17 signaling pathways, and nitrogen metabolism. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed using Cytoscape software and hub genes including MYC, CXCL1, CD44, MMP1, and CXCL12 were identified as the most critical hub genes. The present study enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the CRC, which might potentially be applied in the treatment strategies of CRC as molecular targets and diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hozhabri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Lashkari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed-Morteza Razavi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.,Salari Institute of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders (SICBD), Karaj, Alborz, Iran.,Systems Biology Research Lab, Bioinformatics Group, Systems Biology of Next Generation Company (SBNGC), Qom, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Park DS, Luddy KA, Robertson-Tessi M, O'Farrelly C, Gatenby RA, Anderson ARA. Searching for Goldilocks: How Evolution and Ecology Can Help Uncover More Effective Patient-Specific Chemotherapies. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5147-5154. [PMID: 32934022 PMCID: PMC10940023 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deaths from cancer are mostly due to metastatic disease that becomes resistant to therapy. A mainstay treatment for many cancers is chemotherapy, for which the dosing strategy is primarily limited by patient toxicity. While this MTD approach builds upon the intuitively appealing principle that maximum therapeutic benefit is achieved by killing the largest possible number of cancer cells, there is increasing evidence that moderation might allow host-specific features to contribute to success. We believe that a "Goldilocks Window" of submaximal chemotherapy will yield improved overall outcomes. This window combines the complex interplay of cancer cell death, immune activity, emergence of chemoresistance, and metastatic dissemination. These multiple activities driven by chemotherapy have tradeoffs that depend on the specific agents used as well as their dosing levels and schedule. Here we present evidence supporting the idea that MTD may not always be the best approach and offer suggestions toward a more personalized treatment regime that integrates insights into patient-specific eco-evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Park
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.
| | - Kimberly A Luddy
- Trinity Biosciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Mark Robertson-Tessi
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Robert A Gatenby
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Alexander R A Anderson
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.
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Korbecki J, Olbromski M, Dzięgiel P. CCL18 in the Progression of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217955. [PMID: 33114763 PMCID: PMC7663205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A neoplastic tumor consists of cancer cells that interact with each other and non-cancerous cells that support the development of the cancer. One such cell are tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). These cells secrete many chemokines into the tumor microenvironment, including especially a large amount of CCL18. This chemokine is a marker of the M2 macrophage subset; this is the reason why an increase in the production of CCL18 is associated with the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment and an important element of cancer immune evasion. Consequently, elevated levels of CCL18 in the serum and the tumor are connected with a worse prognosis for the patient. This paper shows the importance of CCL18 in neoplastic processes. It includes a description of the signal transduction from PITPNM3 in CCL18-dependent migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) cancer cells. The importance of CCL18 in angiogenesis has also been described. The paper also describes the effect of CCL18 on the recruitment to the cancer niche and the functioning of cells such as TAMs, regulatory T cells (Treg), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs). The last part of the paper describes the possibility of using CCL18 as a therapeutic target during anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 6a St, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (M.O.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-717-841-354
| | - Mateusz Olbromski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 6a St, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (M.O.); (P.D.)
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 6a St, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (M.O.); (P.D.)
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Ignacego Jana Paderewskiego 35 Av., 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
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Jablonski K, Young NA, Henry C, Caution K, Kalyanasundaram A, Okafor I, Harb P, Schwarz E, Consiglio P, Cirimotich CM, Bratasz A, Sarkar A, Amer AO, Jarjour WN, Schlesinger N. Physical activity prevents acute inflammation in a gout model by downregulation of TLR2 on circulating neutrophils as well as inhibition of serum CXCL1 and is associated with decreased pain and inflammation in gout patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237520. [PMID: 33002030 PMCID: PMC7529261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Gout is the most prevalent inflammatory arthritis. To study the effects of regular physical activity and exercise intensity on inflammation and clinical outcome, we examined inflammatory pathogenesis in an acute model of murine gout and analyzed human gout patient clinical data as a function of physical activity. Methods NF-κB-luciferase reporter mice were organized into four groups and exercised at 0 m/min (non-exercise), 8 m/min (low-intensity), 11 m/min (moderate-intensity), and 15 m/min (high-intensity) for two weeks. Mice subsequently received intra-articular monosodium urate (MSU) crystal injections (0.5mg) and the inflammatory response was analyzed 15 hours later. Ankle swelling, NF-κB activity, histopathology, and tissue infiltration by macrophages and neutrophils were measured. Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 was quantified on peripheral monocytes/neutrophils by flow cytometry and both cytokines and chemokines were measured in serum or synovial aspirates. Clinical data and questionnaires accessing overall physical activity levels were collected from gout patients. Results Injection of MSU crystals produced a robust inflammatory response with increased ankle swelling, NF-κB activity, and synovial infiltration by macrophages and neutrophils. These effects were partially mitigated by low and moderate-intensity exercise. Furthermore, IL-1β was decreased at the site of MSU crystal injection, TLR2 expression on peripheral neutrophils was downregulated, and expression of CXCL1 in serum was suppressed with low and moderate-intensity exercise. Conversely, the high-intensity exercise group closely resembled the non-exercised control group by nearly all metrics of inflammation measured in this study. Physically active gout patients had significantly less flares/yr, decreased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and lower pain scores relative to physically inactive patients. Conclusions Regular, moderate physical activity can produce a quantifiable anti-inflammatory effect capable of partially mitigating the pathologic response induced by intra-articular MSU crystals by downregulating TLR2 expression on circulating neutrophils and suppressing systemic CXCL1. Low and moderate-intensity exercise produces this anti-inflammatory effect to varying degrees, while high-intensity exercise provides no significant difference in inflammation compared to non-exercising controls. Consistent with the animal model, gout patients with higher levels of physical activity have more favorable prognostic data. Collectively, these data suggest the need for further research and may be the foundation to a future paradigm-shift in conventional exercise recommendations provided by Rheumatologists to gout patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Jablonski
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, Unites States of America
| | - Nicholas A. Young
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, Unites States of America
| | - Caitlin Henry
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, Unites States of America
| | - Kyle Caution
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Anuradha Kalyanasundaram
- Department Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Ifeoma Okafor
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, Unites States of America
| | - Peter Harb
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, Unites States of America
| | - Emmy Schwarz
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, Unites States of America
| | - Paul Consiglio
- Department Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Chris M. Cirimotich
- Battelle Biomedical Research Center, West Jefferson, OH, United States of America
| | - Anna Bratasz
- Small Animal Imaging Core, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Anasuya Sarkar
- Department Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Amal O. Amer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Wael N. Jarjour
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, Unites States of America
| | - Naomi Schlesinger
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Corrigendum to "Tumor-Derived CXCL1 Promotes Lung Cancer Growth via Recruitment of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils". J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:5106904. [PMID: 32879895 PMCID: PMC7447590 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5106904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Bednarz-Misa I, Fortuna P, Fleszar MG, Lewandowski Ł, Diakowska D, Rosińczuk J, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Is Accompanied by Local and Systemic Changes in L-arginine/NO Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6282. [PMID: 32872669 PMCID: PMC7503331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The L-arginine/NO pathway holds promise as a source of potential therapy target and biomarker; yet, its status and utility in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is unclear. We aimed at quantifying pathway metabolites in sera from patients with ESCC (n = 61) and benign conditions (n = 62) using LC-QTOF-MS and enzyme expression in esophageal tumors and matched noncancerous samples (n = 40) using real-time PCR with reference to ESCC pathology and circulating immune/inflammatory mediators, quantified using Luminex xMAP technology. ESCC was associated with elevated systemic arginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine. Citrulline decreased and arginine bioavailability increased along with increasing ESCC advancement. Compared to adjacent tissue, tumors overexpressed ODC1, NOS2, PRMT1, and PRMT5 but had downregulated ARG1, ARG2, and DDAH1. Except for markedly higher NOS2 and lower ODC1 in tumors from M1 patients, the pathology-associated changes in enzyme expression were subtle and present also in noncancerous tissue. Both the local enzyme expression level and systemic metabolite concentration were related to circulating inflammatory and immune mediators, particularly those associated with eosinophils and those promoting viability and self-renewal of cancer stem cells. Metabolic reprogramming in ESCC manifests itself by the altered L-arginine/NO pathway. Upregulation of PRMTs in addition to NOS2 and ODC1 and the pathway link with stemness-promoting cytokines warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (M.G.F.); (Ł.L.)
| | - Paulina Fortuna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (M.G.F.); (Ł.L.)
| | - Mariusz G. Fleszar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (M.G.F.); (Ł.L.)
| | - Łukasz Lewandowski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (M.G.F.); (Ł.L.)
| | - Dorota Diakowska
- Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Rosińczuk
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (M.G.F.); (Ł.L.)
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Zhu K, Li P, Mo Y, Wang J, Jiang X, Ge J, Huang W, Liu Y, Tang Y, Gong Z, Liao Q, Li X, Li G, Xiong W, Zeng Z, Yu J. Neutrophils: Accomplices in metastasis. Cancer Lett 2020; 492:11-20. [PMID: 32745581 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a critical cause of treatment failure and death in patients with advanced malignancies. Tumor cells can leave the primary site and enter the bloodstream; these circulating tumor cells then colonize target organs by overcoming blood shear stress, evading immune surveillance, and silencing the offensive capabilities of immune cells, eventually forming metastatic foci. From leaving the primary focus to the completion of distant metastasis, malignant tumor cells are supported and/or antagonized by certain immune cells. In particular, it has been found that myeloid granulocytes play an important role in this process. This review therefore aims to comprehensively describe the significance of neutrophils in solid tumor metastasis in terms of their supporting role in initiating the invasion and migration of tumor cells and assisting the colonization of circulating tumor cells in distant target organs, with the hope of providing insight into and ideas for anti-tumor metastasis treatment of tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunjie Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Panchun Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongzhen Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianjie Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junshang Ge
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weilun Huang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jianjun Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Shen Q, Hu G, Wu J, Lv L. A new clinical prognostic nomogram for liver cancer based on immune score. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236622. [PMID: 32730361 PMCID: PMC7392298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased attention is being paid to the relationship between the immune status of the tumor microenvironment and tumor prognosis. The application of immune scoring in evaluating the clinical prognosis of liver cancer patients has not yet been explored. This study sought to clarify the association between immune score and prognosis and construct a clinical nomogram to predict the survival of patients with liver cancer. Methods A total of 346 patients were included in our analysis datasets downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. A Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). A nomogram was built based on the results of multivariate analysis and was subjected to bootstrap internal validation. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured by the concordance index (C-index) and the calibration curve. Through the functional analysis of differential expression of genes with different immune scores, the target genes were screened out. Results In comparison with patients with low immune scores, those with intermediate and high immune scores had significantly improved survival time [HR and 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54 (0.30–0.97) and 0.51 (0.27–0.97), respectively]. The C-index for survival time prediction was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.60–0.71). The calibration plot for the probability of survival at three or five years showed good agreement between prediction by the nomogram and actual observations. The top 10 hub genes were CXCL8(chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8), SYK(spleen tyrosine kinase), CXCL12(chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12), CXCL10 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand10), CXCL1(chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand1), CCL5(chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5), CCL20(chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20), LCK, CXCL11(chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11), CCR5(chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5). More importantly, we found that the high expression of CXCL8 and CXCL1 were related to the prognosis. Conclusions High and/or intermediate immune scores are significantly correlated with better survival time in patients with liver cancer. Moreover, nomograms for predicting prognosis may help to estimate the survival of patients. We also propose that CXCL8 and CXCL1 may be a potential therapeutic target for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyan Shen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Guinv Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - JinZhong Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liting Lv
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
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PLAG Exerts Anti-Metastatic Effects by Interfering with Neutrophil Elastase/PAR2/EGFR Signaling in A549 Lung Cancer Orthotopic Model. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030560. [PMID: 32121107 PMCID: PMC7139301 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy to treat lung cancer is limited because of highly metastatic nature. Novel strategies and drugs to attenuate metastatic activity are urgently required. In this study, red fluorescence proteins (RFP)-labeled A549 human lung cancer cells were orthotopically implantation, where they developed primary tumors. Metastasis in brain and intestines were reduced by up to 80% by treatment with 100 mpk 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) compared with that in control mice. PLAG treatment also reduced the migration of the primary tumors. Interestingly, substantial neutrophil infiltration was observed in the tumors in control mice. The neutrophil contribution to A549 cell metastatic activity was examined in in vitro co-culture system. Metastatic activity could be achieved in the A549 cells through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation mediated by protease activating receptor 2 (PAR2) receptor. Neutrophil elastase secreted from tumor-infiltrating neutrophils stimulated PAR2 and induced EGFR transactivation. However, this transactivation was inhibited by inducing PAR2 degradation following PLAG treatment and metastatic activity was effectively inhibited. PLAG attenuated cancer metastatic activity via modulated PAR2/EGFR transactivation by accelerating PAR2 degradation. These results suggest PLAG as potential therapeutic agent to combat tumor metastasis via regulating the activation signal pathway of PAR2 by tumor infiltrate-neutrophils.
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Chao CC, Lee CW, Chang TM, Chen PC, Liu JF. CXCL1/CXCR2 Paracrine Axis Contributes to Lung Metastasis in Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020459. [PMID: 32079335 PMCID: PMC7072404 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common of all bone malignancies, has a high likelihood of lung metastasis. Up until now, the molecular mechanisms involved in osteosarcomas with lung metastases are not clearly understood. Recent observations have shown that the chemokine CXCL1 and its receptor CXCR2 assist with the homing of neutrophils into the tumor microenvironment. Here, we show that the CXCL1/CXCR2 paracrine axis is crucial for lung metastasis in osteosarcoma. In an in vivo lung metastasis model of osteosarcoma, lung blood vessels expressed CXCL1 and osteosarcoma cells expressed the CXCR2 receptor. CXCR2 expression was higher in osteosarcoma cell lines than in normal osteoblast cells. Immunohistochemistry staining of clinical osteosarcoma specimens revealed positive correlations between CXCR2 expression and pathology stage and also vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) expression. High levels of CXCL1 secreted by human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) promoted osteosarcoma cell mobility, which was mediated by the upregulation of VCAM-1 expression. When HPAECs-conditioned media was incubated in osteosarcoma cells, we observed that the CXCR2 receptor and FAK/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling cascade were required for VCAM-1 expression. Our findings illustrate a molecular mechanism of lung metastasis in osteosarcoma and indicate that CXCL1/CXCR2 is worth targeting in treatment schemas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chia Chao
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan;
| | - Chiang-Wen Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Chang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Translational medicine Center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 11101, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Fang Liu
- Translational medicine Center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 11101, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +(886)-2-2833-2211 (ext. 9420)
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Yu S, Yi M, Xu L, Qin S, Li A, Wu K. CXCL1 as an Unfavorable Prognosis Factor Negatively Regulated by DACH1 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1515. [PMID: 31998654 PMCID: PMC6966305 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Interaction between cancer cells with microenvironment is essential for cancer progression, therapeutic resistance and prognosis. Chemokine CXCL1 shows variable roles in the development of cancers. DACH1 has been considered as a tumor suppressor and represses the expressions of several chemokines. The relationship between CXCL1 and DACH1 in non-small cell lung cancer (SCLC) deserves further investigation. Methods: Immunohistochemistry staining was performed on tumor tissue microarrays from lung cancer patients to detect CXCL1 protein. The CXCL1 concentration in the serum of adenocarcinoma patients was measured by ELISA. The CXCL1 protein secreted by cancer cell lines was detected by SearchLight proteome array and human cytokine antibody array. The meta-analysis of CXCL1 expression form public databases was performed and correlation between CXCL1 and DACH1 was analyzed. Moreover, the association between clinicopathological features and prognosis with CXCL1 and DACH1 was analyzed by tissue array and KM-plotter from public database. Results: The protein abundance of CXCL1 in lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues. CXCL1 was closely related to TNM stage, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis and predicted worse overall survival in adenocarcinoma. The level of CXCL1 in the peripheral blood of adenocarcinoma patients also significantly elevated and positively related with clinical stage. The meta-analysis demonstrated that CXCL1 mRNA level was increased in lung cancer tissues and high level of CXCL1 indicated tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, public database analyses showed that CXCL1 negatively correlated with DACH1. Stable overexpressing DACH1 in cultured lung cancer cells remarkably decreased CXCL1 protein. Moreover, ectopic expression of DACH1 significantly inhibited the expression of CXCL1, Ki67, and cyclin D1 in tumor tissues compared with A549 cells with empty vector. Survival analysis showed that high CXCL1 and low DACH1 indicated poor overall survival and progression-free survival. Conclusion: CXCL1 is closely associated with tumor progression and poor survival. DACH1 significantly inhibits the expression of CXCL1 and indicates good prognosis. Therefore, combined detection of CXCL1 and DACH1 could more precisely predict prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linping Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Yang Q, Li K, Li X, Liu J. Identification of Key Genes and Pathways in Myeloma side population cells by Bioinformatics Analysis. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2063-2076. [PMID: 32922167 PMCID: PMC7484674 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.48244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy, which is still incurable and relapses inevitably, highlighting further understanding of the possible mechanisms. Side population (SP) cells are a group of enriched progenitor cells showing stem-like phenotypes with a distinct low-staining pattern with Hoechst 33342. Compared to main population (MP) cells, the underlying molecular characteristics of SP cells remain largely unclear. This bioinformatics analysis aimed to identify key genes and pathways in myeloma SP cells to provide novel biomarkers, predict MM prognosis and advance potential therapeutic targets. Methods: The gene expression profile GSE109651 was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database, and then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with P-value <0.05 and |log2 fold-change (FC)| > 2 were selected by the comparison of myeloma light-chain (LC) restricted SP (LC/SP) cells and MP CD138+ cells. Subsequently, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed to identify the functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs and screen hub genes. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to select the potential prognostic DEGs in training dataset (GSE2658). The prognostic value of the potential prognostic genes was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curve and validated in another external dataset (MMRF-CoMMpass cohort from TCGA). Results: Altogether, 403 up-regulated and 393 down-regulated DEGs were identified. GO analysis showed that the up-regulated DEGs were significantly enriched in innate immune response, inflammatory response, plasma membrane and integral component of membrane, while the down-regulated DEGs were mainly involved in protoporphyrinogen IX and heme biosynthetic process, hemoglobin complex and erythrocyte differentiation. KEGG pathway analysis suggested that the DEGs were significantly enriched in osteoclast differentiation, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. The top 10 hub genes, identified by the plug-in cytoHubba of the Cytoscape software using maximal clique centrality (MCC) algorithm, were ITGAM, MMP9, ITGB2, FPR2, C3AR1, CXCL1, CYBB, LILRB2, HP and FCER1G. Modules and corresponding GO enrichment analysis indicated that myeloma LC/SP cells were significantly associated with immune system, immune response and cell cycle. The predictive value of the prognostic model including TFF3, EPDR1, MACROD1, ARHGEF12, AMMECR1, NFATC2, HES6, PLEK2 and SNCA was identified, and validated in another external dataset (MMRF-CoMMpass cohort from TCGA). Conclusions: In conclusion, this study provides reliable molecular biomarkers for screening, prognosis, as well as novel therapeutic targets for myeloma LC/SP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Department of Hematology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Kaihu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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Rashid MH, Borin TF, Ara R, Angara K, Cai J, Achyut BR, Liu Y, Arbab AS. Differential in vivo biodistribution of 131I-labeled exosomes from diverse cellular origins and its implication for theranostic application. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2019; 21:102072. [PMID: 31376572 PMCID: PMC6814553 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are critical mediators of intercellular crosstalk and are regulator of the cellular/tumor microenvironment. Exosomes have great prospects for clinical application as a theranostic and prognostic probe. Nevertheless, the advancement of exosomes research has been thwarted by our limited knowledge of the most efficient isolation method and their in vivo trafficking. Here we have shown that a combination of two size-based methods using a 0.20 μm syringe filter and 100 k centrifuge membrane filter followed by ultracentrifugation yields a greater number of uniform exosomes. We also demonstrated the visual representation and quantification of the differential in vivo distribution of radioisotope 131I-labeled exosomes from diverse cellular origins, e.g., tumor cells with or without treatments, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and endothelial progenitor cells. We also determined that the distribution was dependent on the exosomal protein/cytokine contents. The applied in vivo imaging modalities can be utilized to monitor disease progression, metastasis, and exosome-based targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Rashid
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Thaiz F Borin
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roxan Ara
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kartik Angara
- Department of Pediatrics & Human Development, Grand Rapids Research Center, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Jingwen Cai
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Bhagelu R Achyut
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Cancer Animal Models Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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