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Mocanu V, Timofte DV, Zară-Dănceanu CM, Labusca L. Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Osteoarthritis Require Integrative Understanding and Management. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1262. [PMID: 38927469 PMCID: PMC11201254 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive chronic disease affecting the articular joints, leading to pain and disability. Unlike traditional views that primarily link OA to aging, recent understanding portrays it as a multifactorial degenerative disease of the entire joint. Emerging research highlights metabolic and immune dysregulation in OA pathogenesis, emphasizing the roles of obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in altering joint homeostasis. Recent studies have increasingly focused on the complex role of white adipose tissue (WAT) in OA. WAT not only serves metabolic functions but also plays a critical role in systemic inflammation through the release of various adipokines. These adipokines, including leptin and adiponectin, have been implicated in exacerbating cartilage erosion and promoting inflammatory pathways within joint tissues. The overlapping global crises of obesity and metabolic syndrome have significantly impacted joint health. Obesity, now understood to contribute to mechanical joint overload and metabolic dysregulation, heightens the risk of developing OA, particularly in the knee. Metabolic syndrome compounds these risks by inducing chronic inflammation and altering macrophage activity within the joints. The multifaceted effects of obesity and metabolic syndrome extend beyond simple joint loading. These conditions disrupt normal joint function by modifying tissue composition, promoting inflammatory macrophage polarization, and impairing chondrocyte metabolism. These changes contribute to OA progression, highlighting the need for targeted therapeutic strategies that address both the mechanical and biochemical aspects of the disease. Recent advances in understanding the molecular pathways involved in OA suggest potential therapeutic targets. Interventions that modulate macrophage polarization, improve chondrocyte function, or normalize adipokine levels could serve as preventative or disease-modifying therapies. Exploring the role of diet, exercise, and pharmacological interventions in modulating these pathways offers promising avenues for reducing the burden of OA. Furthermore, such methods could prove cost-effective, avoiding the increase in access to healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Mocanu
- Center for Obesity BioBehavioral Experimental Research, Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II (Pathophysiology), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Daniel Vasile Timofte
- Department of Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Camelia-Mihaela Zară-Dănceanu
- National Institute of Research and Development in Technical Physics Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (C.-M.Z.-D.); (L.L.)
| | - Luminita Labusca
- National Institute of Research and Development in Technical Physics Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (C.-M.Z.-D.); (L.L.)
- Department of Orthopedics, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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2
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Mladenov M, Lubomirov L, Grisk O, Avtanski D, Mitrokhin V, Sazdova I, Keremidarska-Markova M, Danailova Y, Nikolaev G, Konakchieva R, Gagov H. Oxidative Stress, Reductive Stress and Antioxidants in Vascular Pathogenesis and Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051126. [PMID: 37237992 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is focused on the mechanisms that regulate health, disease and aging redox status, the signal pathways that counteract oxidative and reductive stress, the role of food components and additives with antioxidant properties (curcumin, polyphenols, vitamins, carotenoids, flavonoids, etc.), and the role of the hormones irisin and melatonin in the redox homeostasis of animal and human cells. The correlations between the deviation from optimal redox conditions and inflammation, allergic, aging and autoimmune responses are discussed. Special attention is given to the vascular system, kidney, liver and brain oxidative stress processes. The role of hydrogen peroxide as an intracellular and paracrine signal molecule is also reviewed. The cyanotoxins β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA), cylindrospermopsin, microcystins and nodularins are introduced as potentially dangerous food and environment pro-oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitko Mladenov
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, "Ss. Cyril and Methodius" University, P.O. Box 162, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Lubomir Lubomirov
- Institute of Physiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Olaf Grisk
- Institute of Physiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Dimiter Avtanski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Vadim Mitrokhin
- Department of Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanova Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Iliyana Sazdova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Keremidarska-Markova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yana Danailova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Nikolaev
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rossitza Konakchieva
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hristo Gagov
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Roever L, Cavalcante BRR, Improta-Caria AC. Long-term consequences of COVID-19 on mental health and the impact of a physically active lifestyle: a narrative review. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:19. [PMID: 37170283 PMCID: PMC10174610 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Respiratory viruses damage not only the upper respiratory tract in humans, but also several different organs such as the brain. Some of the neurological consequences of COVID-19 reported are anosmia, headache, stroke, declined cognitive function, and impaired mental health, among others. People who had COVID-19 have a higher risk of sequelae in the central nervous system (CNS). However, it is not known which are all possible sequelae and how long will last the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral patterns and quality of life. AIM We intend to address the long-term impacts of COVID-19 on mental health and the relevance of physical exercise during the pandemic. METHODS We conducted a literature search using PubMed to find the articles that were related to these themes. RESULTS We found 23,489 papers initially, and then we applied the inclusion/exclusion criteria to narrow down our search to 3617 articles and selected 1380 eligible articles after a thorough reading of titles and abstracts. The findings indicated that COVID-19 impacted general mental health and led many not only hospitalized patients to develop cognitive decline, memory impairment, anxiety, sleep alterations, and depressive-like behavior. Furthermore, the fear of vaccines and their effects had negatively affected mental health and directly impacted mortality rates in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS Preventive measures must be undertaken, such as the vaccination of the entire population, vaccination hesitancy discouragement by creating awareness among individuals, and people's engagement in a physically active lifestyle, since being physically active is a low-cost and effective measure to restore or inhibit the negative outcomes from COVID-19 on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Roever
- Department of Clinical Research, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Cavalcante
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
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Zhang L, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang X. Physical Exercise and Diet: Regulation of Gut Microbiota to Prevent and Treat Metabolic Disorders to Maintain Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061539. [PMID: 36986268 PMCID: PMC10054346 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Each person's body is host to a large number and variety of gut microbiota, which has been described as the second genome and plays an important role in the body's metabolic process and is closely related to health. It is common knowledge that proper physical activity and the right diet structure can keep us healthy, and in recent years, researchers have found that this boost to health may be related to the gut microbiota. Past studies have reported that physical activity and diet can modulate the compositional structure of the gut microbiota and further influence the production of key metabolites of the gut microbiota, which can be an effective way to improve body metabolism and prevent and treat related metabolic diseases. In this review, we outline the role of physical activity and diet in regulating gut microbiota and the key role that gut microbiota plays in improving metabolic disorders. In addition, we highlight the regulation of gut microbiota through appropriate physical exercise and diet to improve body metabolism and prevent metabolic diseases, aiming to promote public health and provide a new approach to treating such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinzhou Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Associations of Circulating Irisin and Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Levels with Measures of Energy Homeostasis in Highly Trained Adolescent Rhythmic Gymnasts. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247450. [PMID: 36556065 PMCID: PMC9783942 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to determine the associations of serum irisin and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) with the measures of energy homeostasis, training stress and other energy homeostasis hormones in highly trained adolescent rhythmic gymnasts (RG). Thirty-three RG and 20 untrained controls (UC) aged 14−18 years participated in this study. Body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), peak oxygen consumption, and different energy homeostasis hormones in serum, including irisin, FGF-21, leptin, and resistin, were measured. Irisin and FGF-21 were not significantly different (p > 0.05) between RG and UC groups. In RG, serum irisin was positively associated with REE (r = 0.40; p = 0.021) and leptin (r = 0.60; p = 0.013), while serum FGF-21 was related to body fat mass (r = 0.46; p = 0.007) and leptin (r = 0.45; p = 0.009). Irisin was related to FGF-21, independent of age, body fat, and lean masses (r = 0.36; p = 0.049) in RG. In conclusion, serum irisin concentration was associated with energy expenditure and serum FGF-21 level with energy availability measures in lean adolescent athletes, while no relationships of irisin and FGF-21 with energy status measures were observed in lean nonathletic adolescents.
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Nogueira Godinho WD, Vasconcelos Filho FSL, Pinto DV, Alves JO, Nascimento TDS, de Aguiar ID, Silva Almeida GN, Ceccatto VM, Soares PM. High-Intense Interval Training Prevents Cognitive Impairment And Increases The Expression Of Muscle Genes Fndc5 And Ppargc1a In A Rat Model Of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2022; 19:CAR-EPUB-128075. [PMID: 36503461 DOI: 10.2174/1567205020666221207103109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function, whose main histopathological landmark is the accumulation of β-amyloid in the brain. OBJECTIVE It is well known that exercise is a neuroprotective factor and that muscles produce and release myokines that exert endocrine effects in inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Thus, this work intends to establish the relationship between the benefits of exercise through the chronic training of HIIT on cognitive damage induced by the Alzheimer's model by the injection of β amyloid 1-42. METHODS For this purpose, forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Sedentary Sham (SS), Trained Sham (ST), Sedentary Alzheimer's (AS), and Trained Alzheimer's (AT). Animals were submitted to stereotactic surgery and received a hippocampal injection of Aβ1-42 or a saline solution. Seven days after surgery, twelve days of treadmill adaptation followed by five maximal running tests (MRT) and fifty-five days of HIIT, rats underwent the Morris water maze test. The animals were then euthanized, and their gastrocnemius muscle tissue was extracted to analyze the Fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5), PPARG Coactivator 1 Alpha (PPARGC1A), and Integrin subunit beta 5 (ITGB5-R) expression by qRT-PCR in addition to cross-sectional areas. RESULTS The HIIT prevents the cognitive deficit induced by the infusion of amyloid β 1-42 (p<0.0001), causes adaptation of muscle fibers (p<0.0001), modulates the gene expression of FNDC5 (p<0.01), ITGB5 (p<0.01) and PPARGC1A (p<0.01), and induces an increase in peripheral protein expression of FNDC5 (p<0.005). CONCLUSION Thus, we conclude that HIIT can prevent cognitive damage induced by the infusion of Aβ1-42, constituting a non-pharmacological tool that modulates important genetic and protein pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Sérgio Lopes Vasconcelos Filho
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará
- Coordenadoria de Esporte e Cultura do Movimento, Pró-Reitoria de Cultura, Universidade Federal do Cariri
| | - Daniel Vieira Pinto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará
| | - Juliana Osório Alves
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará
| | | | - Isabele Dutra de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará
| | - Guilherme Nizan Silva Almeida
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará
| | - Vânia Marilande Ceccatto
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará
| | - Paula Matias Soares
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará
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Kujawski S, Kujawska A, Kozakiewicz M, Jakovljevic DG, Stankiewicz B, Newton JL, Kędziora-Kornatowska K, Zalewski P. Effects of Sitting Callisthenic Balance and Resistance Exercise Programs on Cognitive Function in Older Participants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14925. [PMID: 36429644 PMCID: PMC9691233 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise training programs have the potential to improve cognitive function in older subjects. However, the majority of training programs are based on aerobic modality. In the current study, the influence of 3 months programs of sitting callisthenic balance (SCB) and resistance training (RT) on cognitive functioning and the mediating role that a change in the level of neurotrophic factors and strength in older, healthy participants plays were examined. MATERIAL AND METHODS Global cognitive function was examined using MoCA, short-term memory using Digit Span and Delayed Matching to Sample, set shifting using Trial Making Test Part B, speed of processing simple visual stimuli using Simple Reaction Time, decision making using Choice Reaction Time, visual attention with Visual Attention Test (VAT), tests. Strength of lower and upper limbs, neurotrophin level (irisin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), neurotrophin 4/5 (NT 4/5) were examined. RESULTS Improved scores in RT vs. SCB were noted in MoCA (p = 0.02), reaction time in SRT (p = 0.02), TMT B (p = 0.03), errors committed in CRT (p = 0.04) and VAT (p = 0.02) were observed. No significant changes in the level of neurotrophic factors were observed. Changes in upper limb strength were related to changes in the number of errors committed in the SRT (p = 0.03). Lower limb strength changes explained the dynamics of the number of correct answers (p = 0.002) and errors committed (p = 0.006) in VAT. CONCLUSIONS Both SCB and RT influenced multiple cognitive domains. The RT program improved global cognitive functioning, while no improvement was noticed in the SCB group. Decision making, visual attention and global cognitive function were improved after the RT program. Set-shifting, short-term visual memory processing speed of simple visual stimuli were improved after the SCB program, while a decrease in the processing speed of simple visual stimuli was noted in the RT group. Changes in irisin were related to set-shifting and short-term memory, while in BDNF to an improvement in the processing speed of simple visual stimuli. Resistance exercise training programs could be applied to prevent age related declines of cognitive function in healthy older subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Kujawski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kujawska
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kozakiewicz
- Department of Geriatrics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dębowa 3, 85-626 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Djordje G. Jakovljevic
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Research Centre [CSELS], Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, and University Hospitals, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Błażej Stankiewicz
- Institute of Physical Education, Kazimierz Wielki University, Jana Karola Chodkiewicza 30, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Julia L. Newton
- Population Health Sciences Institute, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dębowa 3, 85-626 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Paweł Zalewski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Warsaw Medical University, 1b Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Hu S, Hu Y, Long P, Li P, Chen P, Wang X. The effect of tai chi intervention on NLRP3 and its related antiviral inflammatory factors in the serum of patients with pre-diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1026509. [PMID: 36248820 PMCID: PMC9554800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background NLRP3 inflammasome and its related antiviral inflammatory factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance, but its contribution to pre-diabetes remains poorly understood. Objective To investigate the effects and the potential mechanism of Tai Chi intervention on NLRP3 inflammasome and its related inflammatory factors in the serum of middle-aged and older people with pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM). Methods 40 pre-diabetic subjects were divided into a pre-diabetic control group (PDM-C group, N=20) and a Tai Chi group (PDM-TC group, N=20) by random number table. 10 normoglycemic subjects (NG) were selected as controls. We measured clinical metabolic parameters and collected blood samples before and after the 12 weeks of Tai Chi intervention. Antiviral inflammatory factors in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The blood glucose, insulin resistance, and inflammation in PDM groups were higher than those in the NG group (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The results also suggested that 12 weeks of Tai Chi intervention could reduce body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose, insulin resistance, blood lipid, and the expressions of serum inflammatory factors in the pre-diabetic population. Conclusion Tai Chi intervention may improve blood glucose, lipid levels, and insulin resistance in middle-aged and elderly pre-diabetic patients by reducing the level of NLRP3 inflammasome and its related inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Hu
- School of Education and Physical Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- School of Physical Education and Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Yingxing Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Peilin Long
- School of Physical Education and Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Peixiong Li
- School of Physical Education and Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Physical Education and Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Xianwang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Relationship between Body Composition and Cardiac Autonomic Regulation in a Large Population of Italian Olympic Athletes. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091508. [PMID: 36143294 PMCID: PMC9505674 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Athletic performance is determined by many factors, such as cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and psychological features, which all interact simultaneously. The large Italian National Olympic Committee database of Olympic athletes offers a unique healthy population to verify the strength of the interplay among a number of major elements of training, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation, biochemical indicators and body composition, in a system medicine approach. This observational, retrospective study involved 583 individuals. As part of the yearly precompetitive examination, cardiac autonomic (heart rate variability), psychological, physical (cycloergometer stress test), biochemical and body composition (BOD POD) evaluations were performed. In subsequent analysis, we first considered the relationship between body composition and single individual variables in a simple correlation matrix, including a multitude of variables; then, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) restricted the information to six latent domains, each combining congruent information in relation to body composition. Finally, we employed a multiple quantile regression model to evaluate possible relationships between ANSIs (index capable of synthetizing ANS regulation) and the latent domains indicated by EFA reflecting body composition. We observed a clear relationship between ANS and body mass composition parameters, as indicated by both bivariate correlations and the quantile regression result of ANSIs versus the latent domain aggregating mainly body composition data expressed in % (p = 0.002). In conclusion, these results suggest that specific training may elicit parallel adaptation of ANS control and body composition. The analysis of Olympic athletes’ data allowed us to obtain a better understanding of the complex, multidimensional factors involved in determining sport performance. The latter appears to be determined by the simultaneous interaction not only of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and psychological features, but also of ANS cardiovascular modulation and body composition.
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Mediatory role for irisin/BDNF signaling in the protective effects of combined MSROM and aerobic training against metabolic risk factors in postmenopausal women. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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11
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Sousa RALD, de Magalhães COD, Dias IR, de Oliveira LRS, Improta-Caria AC, Cassilhas RC. Cross talk mechanisms of aerobic exercise training on obesity, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease: the role of insulin resistance. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:963-967. [PMID: 35946775 PMCID: PMC9574969 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20211210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas – Alto da Jacuba (MG), Brazil.,Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Grupo de Estudos em Neurociências e Exercício – Diamantina (MG), Brazil.,Corresponding author:
| | - Caíque Olegário Diniz de Magalhães
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas – Alto da Jacuba (MG), Brazil.,Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Grupo de Estudos em Neurociências e Exercício – Diamantina (MG), Brazil
| | - Isabella Rocha Dias
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas – Alto da Jacuba (MG), Brazil.,Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Grupo de Estudos em Neurociências e Exercício – Diamantina (MG), Brazil
| | - Lucas Renan Sena de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas – Alto da Jacuba (MG), Brazil.,Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Grupo de Estudos em Neurociências e Exercício – Diamantina (MG), Brazil
| | - Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Universidade federal da Bahia, Faculty of Medicine, Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health – Salvador (BA), Brazil
| | - Ricardo Cardoso Cassilhas
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas – Alto da Jacuba (MG), Brazil.,Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Grupo de Estudos em Neurociências e Exercício – Diamantina (MG), Brazil
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12
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Qiongyue Z, Xin Y, Meng P, Sulin M, Yanlin W, Xinyi L, Xuemin S. Post-treatment With Irisin Attenuates Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis Mice Through Anti-Ferroptosis via the SIRT1/Nrf2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:857067. [PMID: 35370723 PMCID: PMC8970707 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.857067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney is one of the most vulnerable organs in sepsis, resulting in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI), which brings about not only morbidity but also mortality of sepsis. Ferroptosis is a new kind of death type of cells elicited by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which participates in pathogenesis of sepsis. The aim of this study was to verify the occurrence of ferroptosis in the SA-AKI pathogenesis and demonstrate that post-treatment with irisin could restrain ferroptosis and alleviate SA-AKI via activating the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. We established a SA-AKI model by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation and an in vitro model in LPS-induced HK2 cells, respectively. Our result exhibited that irisin inhibited the level of ferroptosis and ameliorated kidney injury in CLP mice, as evidenced by reducing the ROS production, iron content, and MDA level and increasing the GSH level, as well as the alteration of ferroptosis-related protein (GPX4 and ACSL4) expressions in renal, which was consistent with the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Additionally, we consistently observed that irisin inhibited ROS accumulation, iron production, and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in LPS-stimulated HK-2 cells. Furthermore, our result also revealed that irisin could activate SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathways both in vivo and vitro. However, the beneficial effects of irisin were weakened by EX527 (an inhibitor of SIRT1) in vivo and by SIRT1 siRNA in vitro. In conclusion, irisin could protect against SA-AKI through ferroptotic resistance via activating the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Qiongyue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mi Sulin
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wang Yanlin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Xinyi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Xuemin
- Research Centre of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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13
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Exercise in the heat induces similar elevations in serum irisin in young and older men despite lower resting irisin concentrations in older adults. J Therm Biol 2022; 104:103189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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14
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Sugiharto S, Merawati D, Susanto H, Pranoto A, Taufiq A. The exercise-instrumental music program and irisin levels in younger non-professional athletes. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3920/cep210015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A passive lifestyle and lack of exercise are triggering factors in increasing metabolic syndrome, whereas metabolic syndrome is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to analyse an exercise-based non-pharmacological approach combined with instrumental music to the plasma levels of irisin. The study employed a randomised pretest-posttest-only group design recruiting 30 male participants. The individuals aged between 19-21 years, body mass index (BMI) 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, normal blood pressure, normal resting heart rate (RHR), VO2max 40-50 ml/kg bodyweight/min, normal haemoglobin (Hb). The subjects were randomly divided into three groups, MIE (n=10, moderate-intensity exercise), MIEM (n=10, moderate-intensity exercise + instrumental music), and HIE (n=10, high-intensity exercise). Blood sampling was collected from pre- and 5 min post-exercise treatment. ELISA method was used to measure the circulating irisin levels. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann Whitney test and Spearman correlation were chosen to analyse the data. The results showed that there is no significant difference in pre-exercise irisin levels (ng/ml) in MIE (1.58±0.89), MIEM (1.77±3.12), and HIE (1.65±0.88) with a P-value of 0.098. Importantly, the alteration of irisin levels post-exercise program revealed that the level of this peptide (ng/ml) is higher in HIE (7.28±5.11) compared to MIE (1.95±1.85) and MIEM (4.16±3.40) with a P-value of 0.019. The plasma levels of irisin significantly correlate to energy expenditure (r=0.353, P≤0.01), plasma peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (r=0.597, P≤0.001), and high-density lipoprotein (r=0.513, P≤0.01). In summary, increased irisin secretion may directly contribute to the gradual alteration of energy expenditure and correlate to physical exercise intensity-related musical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sugiharto
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - D. Merawati
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - H. Susanto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - A. Pranoto
- Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - A. Taufiq
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
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15
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Effects of CrossFit training on lipid profiles, body composition and physical fitness in overweight men. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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16
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Rahimi M, Nazarali P, Alizadeh R. Pilates and TRX training methods can improve insulin resistance in overweight women by increasing an exercise-hormone, Irisin. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1455-1460. [PMID: 34900797 PMCID: PMC8630183 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00887-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is leading to obesity and consequently insulin resistance and diabetes. Feasible and cost efficient strategies like Pilates and total body resistance exercise (TRX) training can impede obesity and its compilation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks Pilates and TRX training programs on irisin concentration and insulin resistance in overweight women. METHOD Thirty overweight women (Body mass index (BMI): 25-29.9 kg/m2) were divided, based on their BMI, into 3 groups; control, Pilates and TRX. The participants in the training groups were subjected to moderate intensity of Pilates or TRX exercise training 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken at pre-test and 48 h after the last training session and used for analyzing irisin, insulin and glucose. Data were analyzed by ANCOVA and paired-samples t-test. RESULTS The finding showed that the Pilates training decreased body weight and BMI compared to the pre-test (P < 0.05). Also, it has been revealed that irisin concentration in response to Pilates and TRX training programs were increased in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in irisin concentrations between training groups (p > 0.05). Moreover, fasting insulin, glucose and insulin resistance were significantly reduced after exercise intervention compared to the pre-test which were significantly lowered compared to the control group as well. CONCLUSION The results suggest Pilates and TRX trainings are two efficient model of exercise that by eliciting an exercise-hormone, irisin, can improve insulin resistance in overweight women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzyeh Rahimi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Nazarali
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rostam Alizadeh
- Department of Sports Science, School of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
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17
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Rejeki P, Pranoto A, Prasetya R, Sugiharto S. Irisin serum increasing pattern is higher at moderate-intensity continuous exercise than at moderate-intensity interval exercise in obese females. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/cep200050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle, unhealthy eating patterns, and low physical activity become trigger factors of obesity. Therefore, lifestyle modification with an exercise-based nonpharmacological approach is one of the strategies for combat obesity. This study aims to analyse the response of moderate-intensity interval and continuous exercise to irisin level increasing pattern on the obese female. A total of 21 obese females were enrolled in this study and given moderate-intensity interval exercise (MIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE). ELISA was used to quantify the serum level of irisin in all samples. Statistical analysis was performed using one way-ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test. Mean irisin levels of pre-exercise at control (CON), MIIE, and MICE were 3.26±1.28l, 3.44±0.56 and 3.89±1.08 ng/ml, respectively (P=0.519). The mean irisin level of 10 min post-exercise was 2.99±0.86 ng/ml at CON, 4.82±1.01 ng/ml at MIIE, and 5.99±1.27 ng/ml at MICE (P=0.000). The mean irisin levels of 6 h post-exercise were 3.04±0.60, 4.56±0.87, and 5.73±1.02 ng/ml at CON, MIIE, and MICE, respectively (P=0.000). The mean irisin level of 24 h post-exercise was 3.04±0.91 ng/ml at CON, 4.64±0.69 ng/ml at MIIE, and 5.69±1.53 ng/ml at MICE (P=0.002). We conclude that the post-exercise serum irisin level increased in both MICE and MIIE subjects, and the post-exercise serum irisin level maintained higher in the MICE than in the MIIE in the obese female subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.S. Rejeki
- Sport Health Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47 Street, 60131, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47 Street, 60131, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47 Street, 60131, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - A. Pranoto
- Sport Health Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47 Street, 60131, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - R.E. Prasetya
- Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47 Street, 60131, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - S. Sugiharto
- Sport Science Department, Faculty of Sport Science State University of Malang, Semarang No. 5 Street, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
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18
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Tang N, Chen Y, Wu W, Pan W, Wang D, Zhang J, Tan K, Jing J, Cai L. Association between plasma irisin in pregnancy and postpartum glucose levels among Chinese women: A cohort study. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:1723-1731. [PMID: 33522146 PMCID: PMC8409878 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The association between plasma irisin and glucose levels in the general population is controversial, and few studies have longitudinally detected this correlation. We aimed to examine whether irisin in pregnancy was associated with postpartum glucose levels among Chinese women and explore the modifiable factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a prospective cohort study in Guangzhou, China, during 2017 and 2018, and 453 pregnant women (20-28 weeks) were enrolled. Plasma irisin levels in pregnancy were tested. At 6-8 weeks after delivery, 93 women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and the other 360 women had a fasting blood glucose (FBG) test. Multivariable linear, quantile and logistic regressions were carried out. RESULTS The mean plasma irisin in mid-pregnancy was 13.73 ng/mL. We observed a significantly negative association between mid-pregnancy irisin and postpartum FBG (β: -0.056 ± 0.024). However, quantile regression showed the association was only significant in high percentiles of FBG levels (P50 to P95 ), and the magnitude showed an increasing trend. Higher baseline irisin was also associated with a lower risk of postpartum impaired fasting glucose (relative risk 0.563, 95% confidence interval 0.384-0.825). Furthermore, we found significant interactions between irisin and predominant breast-feeding on FBG and impaired fasting glucose (both Pinteraction < 0.05). In women with GDM, baseline irisin was non-significantly associated with postpartum postprandial 2-h glucose levels (β: -0.305 ± 0.160, P = 0.061). CONCLUSIONS Plasma irisin levels in mid-pregnancy were negatively associated with FBG levels and impaired fasting glucose at 6-8 weeks postpartum among Chinese women, and stronger associations were observed in women with higher FBG values. Furthermore, breast-feeding might modify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nu Tang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Weijia Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Scientific ResearchHainan Women and Children's Medical CenterHaikouChina
| | - Wenting Pan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jingshu Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Kaiyun Tan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and HealthDepartment of NutritionSchool of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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19
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Kornel A, Den Hartogh DJ, Klentrou P, Tsiani E. Role of the Myokine Irisin on Bone Homeostasis: Review of the Current Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9136. [PMID: 34502045 PMCID: PMC8430535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a highly dynamic tissue that is constantly adapting to micro-changes to facilitate movement. When the balance between bone building and resorption shifts more towards bone resorption, the result is reduced bone density and mineralization, as seen in osteoporosis or osteopenia. Current treatment strategies aimed to improve bone homeostasis and turnover are lacking in efficacy, resulting in the search for new preventative and nutraceutical treatment options. The myokine irisin, since its discovery in 2012, has been shown to play an important role in many tissues including muscle, adipose, and bone. Evidence indicate that irisin is associated with increased bone formation and decreased bone resorption, leading to reduced risk of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. In addition, low serum irisin levels have been found in individuals with osteoporosis and osteopenia. Irisin targets key signaling proteins, promoting osteoblastogenesis and reducing osteoclastogenesis. The present review summarizes the existing evidence regarding the effects of irisin on bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Kornel
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (A.K.); (D.J.D.H.)
| | - Danja J. Den Hartogh
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (A.K.); (D.J.D.H.)
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada;
| | - Panagiota Klentrou
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada;
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Evangelia Tsiani
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (A.K.); (D.J.D.H.)
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada;
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Crossing the Antarctica: Exploring the Effects of Appetite-Regulating Hormones and Indicators of Nutrition Status during a 93-Day Solo-Expedition. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061777. [PMID: 34070968 PMCID: PMC8224809 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Future deep space astronauts must maintain adequate nutrition despite highly stressful, isolated, confined and dangerous environments. The present case-study investigated appetite regulating hormones, nutrition status, and physical and emotional stress in a space analog condition: an explorer conducting a 93-day unsupported solo crossing of Antarctica. Using the dried blood spot (DBS) method, the subject drew samples of his blood on a regular basis during the expedition. The DBSs were later analyzed for the appetite regulating hormones leptin and adiponectin. Energy intake and nutritional status were monitored by analysis of albumin and globulin (including their ratio). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was also analyzed and used as an energy sensor. The results showed a marked reduction in levels of the appetite-reducing hormone, leptin, and the appetite stimulating hormone, adiponectin, during both extreme physical and psychological strain. Nutrition status showed a variation over the expedition, with below-normal levels during extreme psychological strain and levels abutting the lower bounds of the normal range during a phase dominated by extreme physical hardship. The IL-6 levels varied substantially, with levels above the normal range except during the recovery phase. It was concluded that a daily intake of 5058 to 5931 calories seemed to allow recovery of both appetite and nutritional status between extreme physical and psychological hardship during a long Arctic expedition. Furthermore, IL-6 may be a sensor in the muscle-liver, muscle-fat and muscle-brain crosstalk. These results may help guide nutrition planning for future astronaut crews, mountaineers and others involved in highly demanding missions.
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21
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Murawska-Ciałowicz E, de Assis GG, Clemente FM, Feito Y, Stastny P, Zuwała-Jagiełło J, Bibrowicz B, Wolański P. Effect of four different forms of high intensity training on BDNF response to Wingate and Graded Exercise Test. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8599. [PMID: 33883635 PMCID: PMC8060323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of a nine-week intervention of four different high-intensity training modalities [high-intensity functional training (HIFT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), high-intensity power training (HIPT), and high-intensity endurance training (HIET)] on the resting concentration of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). In addition, we evaluated the BDNF responses to Graded Exercise Test (GXT) and Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) in men. Thirty-five healthy individuals with body mass index 25.55 ± 2.35 kg/m2 voluntarily participated in this study and were randomly assigned into four training groups. During nine-weeks they completed three exercise sessions per week for one-hour. BDNF was analyzed before and after a GXT and WAnT in two stages: (stage 0-before training and stage 9-after nine weeks of training). At stage 0, an increase in BDNF concentration was observed in HIFT (33%; p < 0.05), HIPT (36%; p < 0.05) and HIIT (38%; p < 0.05) after GXT. Even though HIET showed an increase in BDNF (10%) this was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). At stage 9, higher BDNF levels after GXT were seen only for the HIFT (30%; p < 0.05) and HIIT (18%; p < 0.05) groups. Reduction in BDNF levels were noted after the WAnT in stage 0 for HIFT (- 47%; p < 0.01), HIPT (- 49%; p < 0.001), HIET (- 18%; p < 0.05)], with no changes in the HIIT group (- 2%). At stage 9, BDNF was also reduced after WAnT, although these changes were lower compared to stage 0. The reduced level of BDNF was noted in the HIFT (- 28%; p < 0.05), and HIPT (- 19%;p < 0.05) groups. Additionally, all groups saw an improvement in VO2max (8%; p < 0.001), while BDNF was also correlated with lactate and minute ventilation and selected WAnT parameters. Our research has shown that resting values of BDNF after nine weeks of different forms of high-intensity training (HIT) have not changed or were reduced. Resting BDNF measured at 3th (before GXT at stage 9) and 6th day after long lasting HITs (before WAnT at stage 9) did not differed (before GXT), but in comparison to the resting value before WAnT at the baseline state, was lower in three groups. It appears that BDNF levels after one bout of exercise is depended on duration time, intensity and type of test/exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gilmara Gomes de Assis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, PAN, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto E Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana Do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Yuri Feito
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, USA
| | - Petr Stastny
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Paweł Wolański
- Physiology and Biochemistry Department, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
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22
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Ambroży T, Rydzik Ł, Obmiński Z, Klimek AT, Serafin N, Litwiniuk A, Czaja R, Czarny W. The Impact of Reduced Training Activity of Elite Kickboxers on Physical Fitness, Body Build, and Performance during Competitions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4342. [PMID: 33923913 PMCID: PMC8073118 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Kickboxing is a combat sport where athletes require constant supervision of a coach. The outbreak of the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to a crisis in many sectors, including sport. Global efforts to limit the spread of the pathogen resulted in temporary lockdowns that limited sporting activity, thus deteriorating athletes' physical fitness. Methods: The participants included 20 kickboxers competing at the international level. Their physical fitness was evaluated based on the test developed by the International Committee on the Standardization of Physical Fitness Test (ICSPFT) and their body build was assessed using Tanita BC601 body composition monitor and a body height meter. Differences between physical fitness before the COVID-19 outbreak and during the pandemic after re-opening sports facilities were evaluated. Results: Temporary closing of sports clubs has led to the increase in body mass of the participants by 2.65 kg on average and significantly deteriorated physical fitness. Conclusions: Temporary closing of sports clubs and restrictions on physical activity aimed at containing the spread of COVID-19 caused a significant reduction in physical fitness and increased body mass of the participants. This is likely to cause worse performance in the nearest competitions and have a negative impact on the athletes' health status and immunity to diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Ambroży
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Rydzik
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Obmiński
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Sport-National Research Institute, 01-982 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej T. Klimek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Natalia Serafin
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Artur Litwiniuk
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Robert Czaja
- College of Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical Culture Studies, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (R.C.); (W.C.)
| | - Wojciech Czarny
- College of Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical Culture Studies, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (R.C.); (W.C.)
- Department of Sports Kinanthropology, Faculty of Sports, Universtiy of Presov, 080-01 Prešov, Slovakia
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23
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Sousa RALD, Improta-Caria AC, Souza BSDF. Exercise-Linked Irisin: Consequences on Mental and Cardiovascular Health in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2199. [PMID: 33672171 PMCID: PMC7926886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Chronic exposure to a T2DM microenvironment with hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress and increased levels of proinflammatory mediators, has negative consequences to the cardiovascular system and mental health. Therefore, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mental health issues have been strongly associated with T2DM. Lifestyle modifications, including physical exercise training, are necessary to prevent T2DM development and its associated complications. It is widely known that the regular practice of exercise provides several physiological benefits to subjects with T2DM, such as managing glycemic and blood pressure levels. Different types of exercise, from aerobic to resistance training, are effective to improve mental health and cognitive function in T2DM. Irisin is a myokine produced in response to exercise, which has been pointed as a relevant mechanism of action to explain the benefits of exercise on cardiovascular and mental health in T2DM patients. Here, we review emerging clinical and experimental evidence about exercise-linked irisin consequences to cardiovascular and mental health in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Multicenter Post Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais CEP 39.000-000, Brazil;
- Neuroscience and Exercise Study Group (Grupo de Estudos em Neurociências e Exercício–GENE), Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais CEP 39.000-000, Brazil
| | - Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia CEP 40.110-100, Brazil;
- Department of Physical Education in Cardiology, Brazilian Society of Cardiology, Bahia CEP 41.170-130, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia CEP 41.253-190, Brazil
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia CEP 41.253-190, Brazil
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro CEP 22.281-100, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia CEP 40.296-710, Brazil
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Uda'a B, Tinduh D, Masduchi HR, Laswati L, Wibisono S, Soenatalina S, Theodora S. Comparison of Irisin Serum Healthy Untrained Males on Treadmill Exercises by Increasing Gradually Speed Vs Inclination. FOLIA MEDICA INDONESIANA 2021. [DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v56i1.24603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise can improve cardiorespiratory fitness in young people. Irises released into the bloodstream function to execute regulation of energy metabolism, triggering browning white adipose, which is useful in mitochondrial biogenesis. The American College of Sport Medicine (ACSM) recommends moderate intensity cardiorespiratory fitness training with a frequency of 3-5 times a week, duration of 20-60 minutes, using a treadmill. Study subjects (n = 20) were divided randomly into 2 groups, namely the moderate intensity Treadmill training group with gradual speed improvement and gradual inclination increase. Serum slices are measured on the first and last day of exercise. There was an increasing of irisin serum in the moderate intensity Treadmill training group by increasing gradually speed after 2 weeks of exercise, both 30 minutes pre-exercise (p = 0.02) and 1 hour post exercise (p = 0.01). Medium intensity Treadmill training with 2 weeks gradual speed increase with frequency 3 times a week can increase serum slice in men, healthy untrained young men.
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Panagiotou G, Triantafyllidou S, Tarlatzis BC, Papakonstantinou E. Serum Levels of Irisin and Omentin-1 in Breast Neoplasms and Their Association with Tumor Histology. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:6656671. [PMID: 33688343 PMCID: PMC7920698 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6656671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is associated with obesity, possibly due to direct effects of adipokines and myokines, such as omentin-1 and irisin. In this study, we aimed to evaluate omentin-1 and irisin levels in women with benign and/or malignant breast neoplasms vs. healthy controls. Disease-free individuals (N = 56) and patients with histologically proven benign (N = 61) or malignant tumor (N = 96; subdivided into recently diagnosed/treatment-naïve (N = 72) and chemotherapy-treated (N = 24) subgroups) were enrolled in this study. Demographic, biochemical, and tumor histological characteristics were recorded. Body composition parameters were assessed using bioelectrical impedance. Serum irisin and omentin-1 levels were quantified with ELISA kits. In adjusted models, irisin levels were higher in both benign and malignant cases compared to controls but were comparable between neoplasms. Further adjustment for omentin-1 levels showed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = (1.02, 1.08), p < 0.01) and irisin levels (OR = 5.30, 95% CI = (1.24, 22.38), p=0.03) were independent predictors of the presence of malignancy. These molecules were associated with each other and with other anthropometric and demographic parameters. Irisin was associated with tumor histological characteristics including Ki67% levels, Elston-Ellis grading system, and estrogen receptors status. Omentin-1 was also associated with the Elston-Ellis grading system. In conclusion, serum irisin is increased in patients with both benign and malignant diseases of the breast. When combined with omentin-1, irisin concentration was associated with the presence of breast malignancy. This molecule's role as a potential diagnostic and/or prognostic agent in breast malignancies warrants further investigation in larger prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Panagiotou
- First Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Basil C. Tarlatzis
- Unit of Human Reproduction, 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Papageorgiou General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Papakonstantinou
- First Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Jürimäe J, Purge P. Irisin and inflammatory cytokines in elite male rowers: adaptation to volume-extended training period. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:102-108. [DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Its Forms in COVID-19 Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study on Their Role as Disease Biomarkers. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113785. [PMID: 33238596 PMCID: PMC7700384 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a well-known player of diabetes mellitus (DM)-related morbidities, was supposed to be involved in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), but no data exist about COVID-19, DM, and the soluble RAGE (sRAGE) forms. We quantified total sRAGE and its forms, the endogenously secretory esRAGE and the membrane-cleaved cRAGE, in COVID-19 patients with and without DM and in healthy individuals to explore how COVID-19 may affect these molecules and their potential role as biomarkers. Circulating sRAGE and esRAGE were quantified by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assays. cRAGE was obtained by subtracting esRAGE from total sRAGE. sRAGE, esRAGE, cRAGE, and the cRAGE/esRAGE ratio did not differ between DM and non-DM patients and had the same trend when compared to healthy individuals. Levels of total sRAGE, cRAGE, and cRAGE/esRAGE ratio were upregulated, while esRAGE was downregulated. The lack of difference between DM and non-DM COVID-19 patients in the levels of sRAGE and its forms supports the hypothesis that in COVID-19 the RAGE system is modulated regardless of glycemic control. Identifying how sRAGE and its forms associate to COVID-19 prognosis and the potential of RAGE as a therapeutic target to control inflammatory burden seem of relevance to help treatment of COVID-19.
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Senesi P, Luzi L, Terruzzi I. Adipokines, Myokines, and Cardiokines: The Role of Nutritional Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218372. [PMID: 33171610 PMCID: PMC7664629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now established that adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and heart are endocrine organs and secrete in normal and in pathological conditions several molecules, called, respectively, adipokines, myokines, and cardiokines. These secretory proteins constitute a closed network that plays a crucial role in obesity and above all in cardiac diseases associated with obesity. In particular, the interaction between adipokines, myokines, and cardiokines is mainly involved in inflammatory and oxidative damage characterized obesity condition. Identifying new therapeutic agents or treatment having a positive action on the expression of these molecules could have a key positive effect on the management of obesity and its cardiac complications. Results from recent studies indicate that several nutritional interventions, including nutraceutical supplements, could represent new therapeutic agents on the adipo-myo-cardiokines network. This review focuses the biological action on the main adipokines, myokines and cardiokines involved in obesity and cardiovascular diseases and describe the principal nutraceutical approaches able to regulate leptin, adiponectin, apelin, irisin, natriuretic peptides, and follistatin-like 1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Senesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (L.L.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (L.L.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Ileana Terruzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (L.L.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Sprint and endurance training in relation to redox balance, inflammatory status and biomarkers of aging in master athletes. Nitric Oxide 2020; 102:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Dozio E, Ruscica M, Vianello E, Macchi C, Sitzia C, Schmitz G, Tacchini L, Corsi Romanelli MM. PCSK9 Expression in Epicardial Adipose Tissue: Molecular Association with Local Tissue Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:1348913. [PMID: 32565719 PMCID: PMC7292972 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1348913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has the unique property to release mediators that nourish the heart in healthy conditions, an effect that becomes detrimental when volume expands and proinflammatory cytokines start to be produced. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a proinflammatory mediator involved in atherosclerosis, is also produced by visceral fat. Due to the correlation of inflammation with PCSK9 and EAT enlargement, we evaluated whether PCSK9 was expressed in EAT and associated with EAT inflammation and volume. EAT samples were isolated during surgery. EAT thickness was measured by echocardiography. A microarray was used to explore EAT transcriptoma. The PCSK9 protein levels were measured by Western Blot in EAT and ELISA in plasma. PCSK9 was expressed at both the gene and protein levels in EAT. We found a positive association with EAT thickness and local proinflammatory mediators, in particular, chemokines for monocytes and lymphocytes. No association was found with the circulating PCSK9 level. The expression of PCSK9 in EAT argues that PCSK9 is part of the EAT secretome and EAT inflammation is associated with local PCSK9 expression, regardless of circulating PCSK9 levels. Whether reducing EAT inflammation or PCSK9 local levels may have beneficial effects on EAT metabolism and cardiovascular risk needs further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Vianello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Macchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Clementina Sitzia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93052 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lorenza Tacchini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano M. Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Service of Laboratory Medicine1-Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza E. Malan 1, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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Dozio E, Vianello E, Sitzia C, Ambrogi F, Benedini S, Gorini S, Rampoldi B, Rigolini R, Tacchini L, Corsi Romanelli MM. Circulating Irisin and esRAGE as Early Biomarkers of Decline of Metabolic Health. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020454. [PMID: 32041319 PMCID: PMC7074501 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A decline in metabolic health may take place before observing any alteration in the levels of the traditional metabolic markers. New indicators of metabolic derangement are therefore compelling. Irisin is a myokine with important metabolic functions. The role of irisin as a metabolic biomarker in humans has not been fully established yet. We quantified plasma irisin and esRAGE in 106 apparently healthy individuals and we performed a cluster analysis to evaluate their associations with metabolic profile. Plasma levels of various traditional markers of metabolic risk (i.e., glucose and lipid levels) were all within the ranges of normality. We identified two clusters of individuals. Compared to cluster 2, individuals in cluster 1 had higher irisin levels, a metabolic profile shifted toward the limits of the reference ranges and lower esRAGE levels. The traditional metabolic blood tests seem not to be enough to identify a metabolic decline early. Irisin increase and esRAGE decrease may reflect a metabolic derangement at the beginning of its development. The role of these molecules as early biomarkers of decline of metabolic health seems an interesting topic to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39–02-5031–5342
| | - Elena Vianello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
| | - Clementina Sitzia
- Residency Program in Clinical Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Federico Ambrogi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Vanzetti 5, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Benedini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
| | - Silvia Gorini
- Instrumentation Laboratory—A Werfen Company, R&D Department, Viale Monza 338, 20128 Milan, Italy;
| | - Benedetta Rampoldi
- Service of Laboratory Medicine1-Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza E. Malan, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy; (B.R.); (R.R.)
| | - Roberta Rigolini
- Service of Laboratory Medicine1-Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza E. Malan, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy; (B.R.); (R.R.)
| | - Lorenza Tacchini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
| | - Massimiliano Marco Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
- Service of Laboratory Medicine1-Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza E. Malan, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy; (B.R.); (R.R.)
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Urban – Rural dwellers’ well-being determinants: When the city size matters. The case of Italy. CITY, CULTURE AND SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccs.2019.100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Epicardial adipose tissue GLP-1 receptor is associated with genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and white-to-brown fat differentiation: A target to modulate cardiovascular risk? Int J Cardiol 2019; 292:218-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Jóźków P, Koźlenia D, Zawadzka K, Konefał M, Chmura P, Młynarska K, Kosowski M, Mędraś M, Chmura J, Ponikowski P, Daroszewski J. Effects of running a marathon on irisin concentration in men aged over 50. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:79-84. [PMID: 29761269 PMCID: PMC10717558 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0619-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to verify whether running a marathon is associated with changes in irisin concentration in healthy, endurance-trained men. In an observational study, we assessed baseline biochemical and fitness parameters of 28 middle-aged runners (mean ± SD age, BMI, VO2max: 58 ± 8 years; 24.5 ± 3 kg/m2; 51.1 ± 1.7 ml/kg/min). We evaluated irisin before, immediately after, and 7 days after the marathon. Irisin concentration decreased from a baseline value of 639 ± 427 to 461 ± 255 ng/ml immediately after the marathon (p < 0.05). After 7 days, it was still significantly lower than before the race, at 432 ± 146 ng/ml (p < 0.05). We found no correlations between irisin concentration and the training history of the studied subjects. We conclude that a long-distance run may have a negative impact on irisin release in men. This effect was not correlated with the training history of runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Jóźków
- Department of Sports Medicine and Dietetics, Wroclaw University of Physical Education, Ul. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Dawid Koźlenia
- Department of Sports Medicine and Dietetics, Wroclaw University of Physical Education, Ul. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zawadzka
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, L. Pasteur 4, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Konefał
- Department of Team Sport Games, Wroclaw University of Physical Education, I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Chmura
- Department of Team Sport Games, Wroclaw University of Physical Education, I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Młynarska
- Department of Heart Diseases, Medical University, Wroclaw, L. Pasteur 4, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Kosowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Medical University, Wroclaw, L. Pasteur 4, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Mędraś
- Department of Sports Medicine and Dietetics, Wroclaw University of Physical Education, Ul. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, L. Pasteur 4, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jan Chmura
- Department of Team Sport Games, Wroclaw University of Physical Education, I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Medical University, Wroclaw, L. Pasteur 4, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Daroszewski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, L. Pasteur 4, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
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Szumilewicz A, Worska A, Piernicka M, Kuchta A, Jastrzębski Z, Radzimiński Ł, Kozłowska M, Micielska K, Ziemann E. Acute Postexercise Change in Circulating Irisin Is Related to More Favorable Lipid Profile in Pregnant Women Attending a Structured Exercise Program and to Less Favorable Lipid Profile in Controls: An Experimental Study with Two Groups. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:1932503. [PMID: 30944566 PMCID: PMC6421761 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1932503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The blood irisin concentrations may be affected both by exercise and pregnancy. We aimed to determine acute responses in serum irisin after a single exercise session and relationships between exercise-induced changes in this hormone and lipid profile in pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS It was an experimental study in 20 Caucasian women in normal pregnancy (age 30 ± 3 years, 28 ± 6 weeks of gestation; mean ± SD). Participants were assigned to training (n = 8) and control groups (n = 12). Before the experiment, women from the training group attended a structured exercise program 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Blood samples were collected before and 30 minutes after a single bout of 60-minute moderate- to high-intensity exercise to determine serum levels of irisin, insulin, glucose concentration, and lipid profile. RESULTS At baseline, we recorded slightly lower irisin levels in the training group compared to controls (12.2 ± 2.4 and 13.9 ± 3.3 ng · ml-1, respectively). Only in the training group all women presented increase in irisin levels after exercise (on average by 14%); and this change was statistically significant (p = 0.002). In the controls, we found positive significant relationships between postexercise irisin change and low-density lipoproteins (R = 0.594; p = 0.04) and total cholesterol (R = 0.734; p = 0.006). Surprisingly, in the training group, these relationships were also significant but inverse (R = -0.738 and p = 0.036; R = -0.833 and p = 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Training and control pregnant women responded differently to a single exercise session, both in the postexercise change in irisin and its relationship to the blood lipids. Only in the training group we observed the postexercise increase in irisin, which was related to more favorable lipid profile. Systematic prenatal physical activity may optimize the postexercise irisin response and lipid metabolism regulated by this hormone. Therefore, exercise programs should be promoted in pregnant women and obstetric care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szumilewicz
- Department of Fitness and Strength Conditioning, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland
| | - Aneta Worska
- Department of Fitness and Strength Conditioning, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland
| | - Magdalena Piernicka
- Department of Fitness and Strength Conditioning, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kuchta
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Jastrzębski
- Department of Biomedical Health Basics, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland
| | - Łukasz Radzimiński
- Department of Biomedical Health Basics, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland
| | - Marta Kozłowska
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Micielska
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
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Irisin Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on Cultured Neurons by Regulating Astrocytes. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:9070341. [PMID: 30356412 PMCID: PMC6178172 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9070341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons suffer detrimental effects from β-amyloid toxicity in Alzheimer's disease. The exercise hormone, irisin, is found to induce a neuroprotective gene program and facilitates the beneficial effects on cognitive function. But no effort is made to test its direct protective effects on neurons against the Aβ-induced cell toxicity so far. In the present study, we investigated whether irisin could protect neurons against Aβ- (25-35) induced cell damage and explored the possible underlying mechanisms. Primary cell cultures of astrocytes and neurons were established. Conditioned medium from astrocyte was collected for the treatment and biochemistry assay study. To explore the protein expression changes, Western blot and ELISA assays were used in these in vitro cell culture models. Exposure of hippocampal neurons to 10 μM Aβ (25-35) caused significant reduction on cell viability, and the toxic effect was not significantly reduced by the coadministration of irisin. However, pretreated astrocyte-conditioned medium with irisin for 12 hours notably protected the neurons from the toxicity of Aβ. Also, we found that irisin could attenuate the release of IL-6 and IL-1β from cultured astrocytes and decrease the expression level of COX-2 and phosphorylation of AKT. Last, we found that irisin could reduce NFκB activation in astrocyte exposed to Aβ by preventing the phosphorylation and the loss of IκBα. Our finding may provide novel evidence for the future application of irisin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and the memory dysfunction in diabetes mellitus.
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Farhan FS, Hussien SS. Irisin as a Novel Marker for Insulin Resistance in Iraqi Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Before and After Metformin Therapy. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2018; 69:194-200. [PMID: 31686756 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-018-1176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome affects 5-10% of women; it represents the most common cause of hyperinsulinemia with anovulation. Many biomarkers are used to assess insulin resistance. Irisin is a newly discovered myokine associated with insulin resistance and other metabolic syndromes. Objective To measure the serum level of irisin in polycystic ovary syndrome patients and assess the effect of metformin treatment on its level. Method This study was a prospective interventional study conducted in a private clinic and Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad City from January 1, 2017, till April 1, 2018. A hundred women were enrolled in the study. Fifty of them suffered from PCOS and other fifty were normal. They were randomly selected according to computer-based randomization and assigned as a control group. Hormonal, biochemical and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on all patients, including Irisin. The results have been compared for both groups. Twenty-nine women of PCOS patients received metformin for a course period of 4 months as the changes in their biochemical results were evaluated. Result Serum irisin level was higher in patients group compared to control group (312 ± 134.3 and 188.4 ± 53.8 μg/l, respectively), and the difference was statistically significant as the p value < 0.001. After 4 months treatment with metformin for twenty-nine polycystic patients, there was a significant reduction in irisin level by (165.8 ± 55.6 μg/l) and the p value was significant. Conclusion Irisin might be used as a simple test for the prediction of insulin resistance in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Shallal Farhan
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Al Mustansiriyah Medical College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Shatha Sami Hussien
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Al Mustansiriyah Medical College, Baghdad, Iraq
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Korkmaz A, Venojärvi M, Wasenius N, Manderoos S, Deruisseau KC, Gidlund EK, Heinonen OJ, Lindholm H, Aunola S, Eriksson JG, Atalay M. Plasma irisin is increased following 12 weeks of Nordic walking and associates with glucose homoeostasis in overweight/obese men with impaired glucose regulation. Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 19:258-266. [PMID: 30132382 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1506504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Irisin is a myokine that is thought to be secreted in response to exercise that may help to prevent obesity and maintain normal glucose metabolism. In this study we investigated the associations between irisin and glucose homeostasis in middle-aged, overweight and obese men (n = 144) with impaired glucose regulation, and the impact of exercise training on these relationships. The participants underwent 12 weeks of resistance or aerobic (Nordic walking) exercise training three times per week, 60 minutes per session. Venous blood (n = 105) and skeletal muscle samples (n = 45) were obtained at baseline and post-intervention. Compared to controls, Nordic walking, but not resistance training, increased irisin levels in plasma (9.6 ± 4.2%, P = 0.014; 8.7 ± 4.9%, P = 0.087; respectively) compared to controls. When considering all subjects, baseline irisin correlated positively with atherogenic index of plasma (r = 0.244, P = 0.013) and 2-hour insulin levels (r = 0.214, P = 0.028), and negatively with age (r = -0.262, P = 0.007), adiponectin (r = -0.240, P = 0.014) and McAuley index (r = -0.259, P = 0.008). Training-induced FNDC5 mRNA changes were negatively correlated with HbA1c (r = -0.527, P = 0.030) in the resistance training group and with chemerin in the Nordic walking group (r = -0.615, P = 0.033). In conclusion, 12-weeks of Nordic walking was more effective than resistance training in elevating plasma irisin, in middle-aged men with impaired glucose tolerance. Thus, the change in irisin in response to exercise training varied by the type of exercise but showed limited association with improvements in glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayhan Korkmaz
- a Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Mika Venojärvi
- b Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Niko Wasenius
- c Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care , University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,d Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Sirpa Manderoos
- c Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care , University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,d Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki , Finland.,e Department of Public Health Solutions , National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki and Turku , Finland
| | - Keith C Deruisseau
- a Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland.,f Department of Exercise Science , Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA
| | - Eva-Karin Gidlund
- g Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- h Paavo Nurmi Centre, Departments of Physiology, and Health and Physical Activity , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Harri Lindholm
- i Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Sirkka Aunola
- j Department of Welfare , National Institute for Health and Welfare , Turku , Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- c Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care , University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,d Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki , Finland.,e Department of Public Health Solutions , National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki and Turku , Finland
| | - Mustafa Atalay
- a Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
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Effect of carbohydrates versus carbohydrates plus proteins and antioxidants on oxidative stress and muscle damage induced by single bout resistance exercise. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-018-0451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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40
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Osella AR, Colaianni G, Correale M, Pesole PL, Bruno I, Buongiorno C, Deflorio V, Leone CM, Colucci SC, Grano M, Giannelli G. Irisin Serum Levels in Metabolic Syndrome Patients Treated with Three Different Diets: A Post-Hoc Analysis from a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2018; 10:E844. [PMID: 29958455 PMCID: PMC6073260 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irisin, a hormone-like myokine, regulates energy homeostasis and mediates the benefits of physical activity on health. METHODS To estimate the effect of different diets on irisin concentrations in subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). METHODS Subjects with MetS were derived from a population survey; 163 subjects were enrolled and randomized to a: Low Glycaemic Index (LGID), Mediterranean (MD) or Low Glycaemic Index Mediterranean (LGIMD) Diet, and the groups were compared, also with 80 controls without MetS. Sociodemographic, medical and nutritional data were collected and fasting blood samples drawn. Subjects underwent LUS and bioimpedentiometry. Generalized Estimating Equations were performed. RESULTS At baseline, lower irisin concentrations were observed in MetS subjects. Mean irisin levels increased in all diet groups but only the LGID group reached statistical significance, as well as showing an interaction between LGID and time at the sixth month examination (4.57, 95% CI −1.27, 7.87). There was a positive effect of Vegetable Proteins (0.03, 95% CI −0.01,0.06) and Saturated Fatty Acids (0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.07) on irisin concentrations. In the LGIMD, a positive effect on Fat-Free Mass (0.38, 95% CI 0.19, 0.57) and a negative effect on the Body Mass Index (−0.75, 95% CI −1.30, −0.19) were observed. CONCLUSIONS There seems to be a link between diet and muscle physiology. We showed that patients following a LGID had higher levels of irisin, a promising biomarker of muscle activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto R Osella
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy.
| | - Mario Correale
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
| | - Pasqua L Pesole
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
| | - Irene Bruno
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
| | - Claudia Buongiorno
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
| | - Valentina Deflorio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
| | - Carla M Leone
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
| | - Silvia Concetta Colucci
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
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Esgalhado MGBM, Stockler-Pinto MB, Cardozo LFMDF, Barboza JE, Mafra D. Does high intensity exercise affects irisin plasma levels in hemodialysis patients? A pilot study. J Bras Nefrol 2018; 40:53-58. [PMID: 29796580 PMCID: PMC6533975 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-jbn-3802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irisin is a recently identified exercise-induced hormone that stimulates the "browning" of the white adipose tissue, at least in mice. In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, irisin regulation is not fully understood, and little attention has been given to the effects of exercise on irisin levels in these patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of high intensity exercise on irisin plasma levels in CKD patients under hemodialysis (HD). METHODS Fifteen HD patients (5 men, 44.4 ± 15.1 years old) were studied and served as their own controls. High intensity (single session) intradialytic strength exercises consisted of three sets of ten repetitions with four different movements in both lower limbs during 30 minutes. Blood samples were collected on different days (exercise and non-exercise day) at exactly the same time (30 and 60 minutes after the start of dialysis session). Plasma irisin levels were measured by ELISA assay and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Irisin plasma levels were significantly reduced in both exercise day (125.0 ± 18.5 to 117.4 ± 15.0 ng/mL, p=0.02) and non-exercise day (121.5 ± 13.7 to 115.4 ± 17.2 ng/mL, p=0.02) after 60 minutes of dialysis. CONCLUSION These data suggest that intense intradialytic strength exercise was unable to increase the circulating concentration of irisin in HD patients. Moreover, our data show that after one hour of dialysis session, irisin plasma levels may be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Ciências Cardiovasculares Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brasil
| | | | - Jorge Eduardo Barboza
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Ciências Médicas Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brasil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Ciências Cardiovasculares Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brasil
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Ciências Médicas Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brasil
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42
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Fatouros IG. Is irisin the new player in exercise-induced adaptations or not? A 2017 update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 56:525-548. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Irisin is produced by a proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) and has emerged as a potential mediator of exercise-induced energy metabolism. The purpose of this study was to review the results of studies that investigated irisin responses to acute and chronic exercise and provide an update. A comprehensive search in the databases of MEDLINE was performed (74 exercise studies). The focus of the analysis was on data concerning FNDC5 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle and circulating irisin concentration relatively to exercise mode, intensity, frequency and duration and the characteristics of the sample used. Circulating irisin levels may either not relate to FNDC5 transcription or expression of the later precedes irisin rise in the blood. Acute speed/strength and endurance exercise protocols represent potent stimuli for irisin release if they are characterized by adequate intensity and/or duration. There are no reports regarding irisin responses to field sport activities. Although animal studies suggest that irisin may also respond to systematic exercise training, the majority of human studies has produced contradictory results. Certain methodological issues need to be considered here such as the analytical assays used to measure irisin concentration in the circulation. Results may also be affected by subjects’ age, conditioning status and exercise intensity. The role of irisin as a moderator of energy metabolism during exercise remains to be seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis G. Fatouros
- School of Physical Education and Sports Sciences , University of Thessaly , Karies 42100 , Trikala , Greece
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43
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Huang J, Wang S, Xu F, Wang D, Yin H, Lai Q, Liao J, Hou X, Hu M. Exercise training with dietary restriction enhances circulating irisin level associated with increasing endothelial progenitor cell number in obese adults: an intervention study. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3669. [PMID: 28828264 PMCID: PMC5560232 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) correlate negatively with obesity. Previous studies have shown that exercise significantly restores circulating EPC levels in obese people; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. Recently, irisin has been reported to have a critical role in the regulation of EPCs. This exercise-induced myokine has been demonstrated to play a therapeutic role in obesity. In this study, we hypothesized that the increase in circulating irisin may form a link with increasing EPC levels in obese people after exercise. Methods Seventeen obese adults completed an 8-week program of combined exercise and dietary intervention. Clinical characteristics, blood biochemistry, and circulating irisin levels of subjects were measured before and after eight weeks of training. EPC levels were evaluated via flow cytometry, and EPC migratory and adhesive functions were also determined. Results Circulating irisin levels significantly increased following the 8-week training program (P < 0.05). We furthermore observed an improvement in EPC numbers (P < 0.05), and EPC migratory and adhesive functions (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) after the intervention. Additionally, we detected a positive correlation between changes in irisin and changes in EPC number (r = 0.52, P < 0.05). Discussion For the first time, a positive correlation between increasing irisin levels and increasing EPC levels has been reported after an 8-week program, consisting of exercise and dietary intervention. This result suggests a novel effect of irisin on the regulation of EPC mobilization, which might contribute to improvement of endothelial function in obese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengpeng Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honggang Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinhao Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Hou
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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