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Mignini I, Blasi V, Termite F, Esposto G, Borriello R, Laterza L, Scaldaferri F, Ainora ME, Gasbarrini A, Zocco MA. Fibrostenosing Crohn's Disease: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Horizons. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6326. [PMID: 38928032 PMCID: PMC11204249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bowel strictures are well recognized as one of the most severe complications in Crohn's disease, with variable impacts on the prognosis and often needing surgical or endoscopic treatment. Distinguishing inflammatory strictures from fibrotic ones is of primary importance due to the different therapeutic approaches required. Indeed, to better understand the pathogenesis of fibrosis, it is crucial to investigate molecular processes involving genetic factors, cytokines, alteration of the intestinal barrier, and epithelial and endothelial damage, leading to an increase in extracellular matrix synthesis, which ultimately ends in fibrosis. In such a complex mechanism, the gut microbiota also seems to play a role. A better comprehension of molecular processes underlying bowel fibrosis, in addition to radiological and histopathological findings, has led to the identification of high-risk patients for personalized follow-up and testing of new therapies, primarily in preclinical models, targeting specific pathways involving Transforming Growth Factor-β, interleukins, extracellular matrix balance, and gut microbiota. Our review aims to summarize current evidence about molecular factors involved in intestinal fibrosis' pathogenesis, paving the way for potential diagnostic biomarkers or anti-fibrotic treatments for stricturing Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Assunta Zocco
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (I.M.); (V.B.); (G.E.); (R.B.); (L.L.); (F.S.); (M.E.A.); (A.G.)
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Wang Y, Jia Z, Zheng M, Wang P, Gao J, Zhang X, Zhou T, Zu G. Inhibition of miR-142-3p promotes intestinal epithelial proliferation and barrier function after ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting FoxM1. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05038-5. [PMID: 38819598 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Damage of intestinal barrier function (BF) after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury can induce serious complications and high mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in intestinal mucosal BF and epithelial proliferation after I/R injury have been reported. We aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-142-3p (miR-142) in intestinal epithelial proliferation and BF after I/R injury. We detected the proliferation, barrier function and miR-142 expression in clinical ischemic intestinal tissues. Furthermore, we induced an in vivo intestinal I/R injury mouse model and in vitro IEC-6 cells hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model. After increasing and decreasing expression of miR-142, we detected the proliferation and barrier function of intestinal epithelial cells after I/R or H/R injury. We found that miR-142 expression was significantly increased in clinical ischemic intestinal mucosa and mouse intestinal mucosa exposed to I/R injury, and there was an inverse relationship between miR-142 and proliferation/BF. Inhibition of miR-142 significant promoted intestinal epithelial proliferation and BF after I/R injury. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-142 improved overall survival rate of mice after I/R injury. MiR-142 directly targeted FoxM1 which was identified by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase activity assay in IEC-6 cells. Inhibition of miR-142 promotes intestinal epithelial proliferation and BF after I/R injury in a FoxM1-mediated manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital), No. 826 of Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zirui Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital), No. 826 of Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingcan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital), No. 826 of Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Puxu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital), No. 826 of Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital), No. 826 of Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital), No. 826 of Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Guo Zu
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital), No. 826 of Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China.
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Ai X, Yu H, Cai Y, Guan Y. Interactions Between Extracellular Vesicles and Autophagy in Neuroimmune Disorders. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01183-5. [PMID: 38421513 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome, are characterized by the dysfunction of both the immune system and the nervous system. Increasing evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles and autophagy are closely associated with the pathogenesis of these disorders. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the interactions between extracellular vesicles and autophagy in neuroimmune disorders and discuss their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Here we highlight the need for further research to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these disorders, and to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Ai
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Haojun Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Yangtai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Liao M, Qin M, Liu L, Huang H, Chen N, Du H, Huang D, Wang P, Zhou H, Tong G. Exosomal microRNA profiling revealed enhanced autophagy suppression and anti-tumor effects of a combination of compound Phyllanthus urinaria and lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155091. [PMID: 37844378 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compound Phyllanthus urinaria (CP), a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, possesses strong anti-cancer effects and is extensively employed in the clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While lenvatinib and other oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been authorized as initial treatments for advanced unresectable HCC, the survival of patients is ultimately restricted due to the gradual development of drug resistance. Fortunately, the co-administration of CP and lenvatinib holds promise for anti-cancer applications. PURPOSE Our objective was to understand the molecular-level mechanisms of bioactive phytocompounds in CP, in order to explore the anti-HCC effects of combining CP and lenvatinib treatment and reveal the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we discovered new miRNAs associated with autophagy that are common to both HepG2-derived exosomes and HepG2 cells. These miRNAs play a role in the advancement of HCC and were identified through the utilization of CP and lenvatinib. METHODS To assess the anti-HCC effects of CP in combination with lenvatinib, both an in vitro CCK-8 assay and an in vivo xenograft model assay were performed. TEM, NTA, and nano-flow cytometry were employed for the identification of isolated exosomes. To ascertain the miRNA expression patterns in HepG2 cells and HepG2-derived exosomes, miRNA-sequencing analysis was conducted. Further investigation involved the use of real-time PCR, examination of the fusion protein GFP-mRFP-LC3, TEM analysis, and western blotting. RESULTS In vitro and in vivo, the combination of CP and lenvatinib showed a stronger and more powerful impact on HCC compared to either CP or lenvatinib alone. The combination of CP and lenvatinib had a significant impact on autophagy-related miRNAs in HepG2-derived exosomes and HepG2 cells, as demonstrated by cellular and exosomal miRNA sequencing. Additional tests indicated that the increased inhibition of autophagy in HepG2 cells subjected to CP treatment, as well as the combination of CP and lenvatinib, was accomplished through the regulation of Beclin-1, LC3-II, and P62 expression. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results indicate that the combination of CP and lenvatinib can effectively inhibit HCC by promoting the exosome-mediated suppression of autophagy. This novel therapeutic option is highly efficient and durable, making it a promising treatment for HCC. Moreover, the miRNAs that are differentially expressed and associated with exosome-mediated autophagy, which have been discovered in this study, could potentially be targeted for clinical treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianmian Liao
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Meirong Qin
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, No. 28, The second Gaoxin Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Linhua Liu
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Houshuang Huang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, No. 28, The second Gaoxin Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, No. 28, The second Gaoxin Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Haiyan Du
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Danping Huang
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China; Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, No. 28, The second Gaoxin Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune, Disease Research, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Guangdong Tong
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China.
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Nag S, Mitra O, Tripathi G, Samanta S, Bhattacharya B, Chandane P, Mohanto S, Sundararajan V, Malik S, Rustagi S, Adhikari S, Mohanty A, León‐Figueroa DA, Rodriguez‐Morales AJ, Barboza JJ, Sah R. Exploring the theranostic potentials of miRNA and epigenetic networks in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1121. [PMID: 38156400 PMCID: PMC10755504 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune diseases (AD) are severe pathophysiological ailments that are stimulated by an exaggerated immunogenic response towards self-antigens, which can cause systemic or site-specific organ damage. An array of complex genetic and epigenetic facets majorly contributes to the progression of AD, thus providing significant insight into the regulatory mechanism of microRNA (miRNA). miRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that have been identified as essential contributors to the post-transcriptional regulation of host genome expression and as crucial regulators of a myriad of biological processes such as immune homeostasis, T helper cell differentiation, central and peripheral tolerance, and immune cell development. AIMS This article tends to deliberate and conceptualize the brief pathogenesis and pertinent epigenetic regulatory mechanism as well as miRNA networks majorly affecting five different ADs namely rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and inflammatory bowel disorder (IBD) thereby providing novel miRNA-based theranostic interventions. RESULTS & DISCUSSION Pertaining to the differential expression of miRNA attributed in target tissues and cellular bodies of innate and adaptive immunity, a paradigm of scientific expeditions suggests an optimistic correlation between immunogenic dysfunction and miRNA alterations. CONCLUSION Therefore, it is not astonishing that dysregulations in miRNA expression patterns are now recognized in a wide spectrum of disorders, establishing themselves as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Owing to its theranostic potencies, miRNA targets have been widely utilized in the development of biosensors and other therapeutic molecules originating from the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Nag
- Department of Bio‐SciencesSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia
- Integrative Multiomics LabSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia
| | - Oishi Mitra
- Department of Bio‐SciencesSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia
- Integrative Multiomics LabSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia
| | - Garima Tripathi
- Department of Bio‐SciencesSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia
| | - Souvik Samanta
- Department of Bio‐SciencesSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia
| | - Bikramjit Bhattacharya
- Integrative Multiomics LabSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia
- Department of Applied MicrobiologyVellore Institute of Technology (VIT)Tamil NaduIndia
| | - Priti Chandane
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of HyderabadHyderabadTelanganaIndia
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of PharmaceuticsYenepoya Pharmacy College & Research CentreYenepoya (Deemed to be University)MangaluruKarnatakaIndia
| | - Vino Sundararajan
- Integrative Multiomics LabSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of BiotechnologyAmity University JharkhandRanchiJharkhandIndia
- University Centre for Research and DevelopmentUniversity of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, GharuanMohaliPunjab
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life SciencesUttaranchal UniversityDehradunUttarakhandIndia
| | | | - Aroop Mohanty
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesGorakhpurUttar PradeshIndia
| | | | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez‐Morales
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of MedicineUniversidad Científica del SurLimaPeru
- Gilbert and Rose‐Marie Chagoury School of MedicineLebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | | | - Ranjit Sah
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyInstitute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching HospitalKathmanduNepal
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyDr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil VidyapeethPuneIndia
- Department of Public Health DentistryDr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil VidyapeethPuneMaharashtraIndia
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Du LK, Zheng L, Duan SL. Research of regulatory effect of spleen-strengthening therapy on endoplasmic reticulum stress in inflammatory bowel disease with intestinal fibrosis based on "spleen deficiency and endoplasmic reticulum stress" theory. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:666-670. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i16.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is one of the common complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. The ER is the largest membrane network structure in the cell, which is mainly involved in the anabolism of proteins. Governing transportation and transformation is the normal physiological function of the spleen, and spleen deficiency leads to the failure of transporting the fine water and valley, resulting in dampness-heat, phlegm turbidness, blood stasis and other pathological products obstructed in the intestine, intestinal wall thickening, and even intestinal cavity stenosis and obstruction, thus inducing the development of IBD. Physiologically, the spleen and ER have a certain correlation. Pathologically, spleen deficiency is the essence of ER stress and the core pathological link of IBD intestinal fibrosis. Therefore, spleen-strengthening therapy is helpful to improve the metabolic function of the ER. Exploring the regulation of ER stress and restoration of ER homeostasis by spleen-strengthening therapy based on the "spleen deficiency-ER stress" theory is of great significance for studying and treating IBD intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ke Du
- Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi 'an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lie Zheng
- Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi 'an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Duan
- Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi 'an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
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Cheng T, Xu C, Shao J. Updated immunomodulatory roles of gut flora and microRNAs in inflammatory bowel diseases. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1015-1031. [PMID: 36385416 PMCID: PMC9668223 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00935-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a heterogeneous intestinal inflammatory disorder, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Existing studies have shown that the pathogenesis of IBD is closely related to the host's genetic susceptibility, intestinal flora disturbance and mucosal immune abnormalities, etc. It is generally believed that there are complicated interactions between host immunity and intestinal microflora/microRNAs during the occurrence and progression of IBD. Intestinal flora is mainly composed of bacteria, fungi, viruses and helminths. These commensals are highly implicated in the maintenance of intestinal microenvironment homeostasis alone or in combination. MiRNA is an endogenous non-coding small RNA with a length of 20 to 22 nucleotides, which can perform a variety of biological functions by silencing or activating target genes through complementary pairing bonds. A large quantity of miRNAs are involved in intestinal inflammation, mucosal barrier integrity, autophagy, vesicle transportation and other small RNA alterations in IBD circumstance. In this review, the immunomodulatory roles of gut flora and microRNAs are updated in the occurrence and progression of IBD. Meanwhile, the gut flora and microRNA targeted therapeutic strategies as well as other immunomodulatory approaches including TNF-α monoclonal antibodies are also emphasized in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cheng
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Zhijing Building, 433 Room, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xu
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Zhijing Building, 433 Room, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shao
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Zhijing Building, 433 Room, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Macias-Ceja DC, Barrachina MD, Ortiz-Masià D. Autophagy in intestinal fibrosis: relevance in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1170436. [PMID: 37397491 PMCID: PMC10307973 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1170436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is often associated with fibrotic disorders in which an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix is a hallmark. Long-term fibrosis starts with tissue hypofunction and finally ends in organ failure. Intestinal fibrosis is not an exception, and it is a frequent complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Several studies have confirmed the link between deregulated autophagy and fibrosis and the presence of common prognostic markers; indeed, both up- and downregulation of autophagy are presumed to be implicated in the progression of fibrosis. A better knowledge of the role of autophagy in fibrosis may lead to it becoming a potential target of antifibrotic therapy. In this review we explore novel advances in the field that highlight the relevance of autophagy in fibrosis, and give special focus to fibrosis in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce C. Macias-Ceja
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBER, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María D. Barrachina
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBER, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Ortiz-Masià
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBER, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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9
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Alfaifi J, Germain A, Heba AC, Arnone D, Gailly L, Ndiaye NC, Viennois E, Caron B, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Dreumont N. Deep Dive Into MicroRNAs in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:986-999. [PMID: 36545755 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is thought to develop in genetically predisposed individuals as a consequence of complex interactions between dysregulated inflammatory stimuli, immunological responses, and environmental factors. The pathogenesis of IBD has yet to be fully understood. The global increase in the incidence of IBD suggests a gap in the current understanding of the disease. The development of a new diagnostic tool for inflammatory bowel disease that is both less invasive and more cost-effective would allow for better management of this condition. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs with important roles as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression, which has led to new insights into understanding IBD. Using techniques such as microarrays and real-time polymerase chain reactions, researchers have investigated the patterns in which patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis show alterations in the expression of miRNA in tissue, blood, and feces. These miRNAs are found to be differentially expressed in IBD and implicated in its pathogenesis through alterations in autophagy, intestinal barrier, and immune homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the miRNA expression profiles associated with IBD in tissue, peripheral blood, and feces and provide an overview of the miRNA mechanisms involved in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Colorectal, and Digestive Surgery, Nancy University Hospital, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Adeline Germain
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Colorectal, and Digestive Surgery, Nancy University Hospital, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Anne-Charlotte Heba
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Djésia Arnone
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Laura Gailly
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Emilie Viennois
- INSERM U1149, Center of Research on Inflammation, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Caron
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Natacha Dreumont
- NGERE (Nutrition-Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), INSERM, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
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Jarmakiewicz-Czaja S, Sokal A, Ferenc K, Motyka E, Helma K, Filip R. The Role of Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation in Intestinal Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Descending Process or a Programmed Consequence? Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1167. [PMID: 37372347 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of chronic diseases characterized by recurring periods of exacerbation and remission. Fibrosis of the intestine is one of the most common complications of IBD. Based on current analyses, it is evident that genetic factors and mechanisms, as well as epigenetic factors, play a role in the induction and progression of intestinal fibrosis in IBD. Key genetic factors and mechanisms that appear to be significant include NOD2, TGF-β, TLRs, Il23R, and ATG16L1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone modification, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference are the primary epigenetic mechanisms. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, which seem to be important in the pathophysiology and progression of IBD, may potentially be used in targeted therapy in the future. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gather and discuss selected mechanisms and genetic factors, as well as epigenetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aneta Sokal
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ferenc
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Motyka
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Kacper Helma
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Rafał Filip
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Gastroenterology with IBD, Clinical Hospital No. 2 im. Św. Jadwigi Królowej, 35-301 Rzeszow, Poland
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Matthews C, Walsh AM, Gordon SV, Markey B, Cotter PD, O' Mahony J. Differences in Faecal Microbiome Taxonomy, Diversity and Functional Potential in a Bovine Cohort Experimentally Challenged with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101652. [PMID: 37238082 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne's disease in ruminants, a chronic enteritis which results in emaciation and eventual loss of the animal. Recent advances in metagenomics have allowed a more in-depth study of complex microbiomes, including that of gastrointestinal tracts, and have the potential to provide insights into consequences of the exposure of an animal to MAP or other pathogens. This study aimed to investigate taxonomic diversity and compositional changes of the faecal microbiome of cattle experimentally challenged with MAP compared to an unexposed control group. Faecal swab samples were collected from a total of 55 animals [exposed group (n = 35) and a control group (n = 20)], across three time points (months 3, 6 and 9 post-inoculation). The composition and functional potential of the faecal microbiota differed across time and between the groups (p < 0.05), with the primary differences, from both a taxonomic and functional perspective, occurring at 3 months post inoculation. These included significant differences in the relative abundance of the genera Methanobrevibacter and Bifidobacterium and also of 11 other species (4 at a higher relative abundance in the exposed group and 7 at a higher relative abundance in the control group). Correlations were made between microbiome data and immunopathology measurements and it was noted that changes in the microbial composition correlated with miRNA-155, miR-146b and IFN-ɣ. In summary, this study illustrates the impact of exposure to MAP on the ruminant faecal microbiome with a number of species that may have relevance in veterinary medicine for tracking exposure to MAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Matthews
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Aaron M Walsh
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Stephen V Gordon
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bryan Markey
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Fermoy, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 R229 Cork, Ireland
| | - Jim O' Mahony
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland
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12
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Yu H, Jia X, Niu H, Xie L, Du B, Pang Y, Xu X, Li J. miR-23a regulates the disease resistance of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by targeting autophagy-related genes, ATG3 and ATG12. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108812. [PMID: 37172750 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs play a key role in the autophagy process. In recent years, the emerging role of autophagy in regulating immune response has attracted increasing attention. Since then, specific miRNAs have also been found to play an immune function indirectly by modulating autophagy as well. This study proved that miR-23a could downregulate grass carp autophagy simultaneously by targeting ATG3 and ATG12. Besides, both ATG3 and ATG12 mRNA levels were increased in kidney and intestine after being infected by Aeromonas hydrophila; yet almost at the same time, miR-23a was decreased. Besides, we illustrated that grass carp miR-23a could affect antimicrobial capacity, proliferation, migration, and antiapoptotic abilities of CIK cells. These results indicate that miR-23a was related to grass carp autophagy and plays an important role in antimicrobial immunity through targeting ATG3 and ATG12, which provides important information on autophagy-related miRNAs about the defense and immune mechanisms against pathogens in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuewen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiqin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingli Xie
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifang Pang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Oliveira ECSD, Quaglio AEV, Magro DO, Di Stasi LC, Sassaki LY. Intestinal Microbiota and miRNA in IBD: A Narrative Review about Discoveries and Perspectives for the Future. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087176. [PMID: 37108339 PMCID: PMC10138604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and comprises a chronic gastrointestinal tract disorder characterized by hyperactive and dysregulated immune responses to environmental factors, including gut microbiota and dietary components. An imbalance of the intestinal microbiota may contribute to the development and/or worsening of the inflammatory process. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with various physiological processes, such as cell development and proliferation, apoptosis, and cancer. In addition, they play an important role in inflammatory processes, acting in the regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways. Differences in the profiles of miRNAs may represent a useful tool in the diagnosis of UC and CD and as a prognostic marker in both diseases. The relationship between miRNAs and the intestinal microbiota is not completely elucidated, but recently this topic has gained prominence and has become the target of several studies that demonstrate the role of miRNAs in the modulation of the intestinal microbiota and induction of dysbiosis; the microbiota, in turn, can regulate the expression of miRNAs and, consequently, alter the intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, this review aims to describe the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and miRNAs in IBD, recent discoveries, and perspectives for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Cristina Souza de Oliveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus Botucatu, Sao Paulo CEP 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Valencise Quaglio
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTec), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus Botucatu, Sao Paulo CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Daniéla Oliveira Magro
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTec), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus Botucatu, Sao Paulo CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Ligia Yukie Sassaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus Botucatu, Sao Paulo CEP 18618-970, Brazil
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14
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Autophagy and polyphenol intervention strategy in aging. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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15
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MicroRNA-155 expression is associated with pulpitis progression by targeting SHIP1. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8575-8586. [PMID: 35834034 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07690-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulpitis is a commonly seen oral inflammation condition in clinical practice, it can cause much pain for the patient and may induce infections in other systems. Much is still unknown for the pathogenic mechanism of pulpitis. In this work, we discovered that the expression of miR-155 was associated with dental pulpal inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Our experiments of LPS stimulated odontoblast cell line MDPC-23 showed miR-155 could act as a positive regulator by increasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 during inflammatory responses, whereas knockdown of miR-155 can reverse the effects. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that SHIP1 is a direct target of miR-155 in odontoblasts, this result was further verified at both mRNA and protein level. Inhibition of miR-155 resulted in the downregulation of inflammation factors, while co-transfection of si-SHIP1 and miR-155 inhibitor promoted the inflammatory responses. Treatment with miR-155 mimic or si-SHIP1 up-regulated the protein level of p-PI3K and p-AKT. By contrast, miR-155 inhibitor exerted the opposite effects. miR-155 mimics could upregulate the gene expression of IL-1β and IL-6. Co-transfection of LY294002 and miR-155 mimic attenuated the inflammatory responses. Consistent with in vitro results, miR-155-/- mice could alleviate inflammatory response, as well as decrease the activation of p-PI3K and p-AKT, whereas increase the activation of SHIP1. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed a novel role for miR-155 in regulation of dental pulpal inflammatory response by targeting SHIP1 through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Xiao X, Mao X, Chen D, Yu B, He J, Yan H, Wang J. miRNAs Can Affect Intestinal Epithelial Barrier in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:868229. [PMID: 35493445 PMCID: PMC9043318 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The most obvious pathological characterization of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is intestinal epithelium erosion and severe inflammation invasion. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNA or microRNA), single-stranded noncoding RNAs of ~22 nucleotides, have been considered as the potential therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of IBD. Many previous studies have focused on the mechanisms that miRNAs use to regulate inflammation, immunity, and microorganisms in IBD. The review highlights in detail the findings of miRNAs in the intestinal epithelial barrier of IBD, and focuses on their gene targets, signaling pathways associated with IBD, and some potential therapies. It will be beneficial for the elucidation of the interaction between miRNAs and the intestinal epithelial barrier in IBD and provide a theoretical reference for preventing and treating IBD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Xiao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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17
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Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles transfer microRNA-130a-3p to alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting ATG16L1. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 389:99-114. [PMID: 35503135 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury as modulators by shuttling diverse cargoes, including microRNAs (miRNAs). The current study was initiated to unravel the potential involvement of plasma-derived EVs carrying miR-130a-3p on myocardial I/R injury. Rats were induced with moderate endoplasmic reticulum stress, followed by isolation of plasma-derived EVs. Then, an I/R rat model and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cardiomyoblast model were established to simulate a myocardial I/R injury environment where miR-130a-3p was found to be abundantly expressed. miR-130a-3p was confirmed to target and negatively regulate autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1) in cardiomyoblasts. Based on a co-culture system, miR-130a-3p delivered by EVs derived from plasma protected H/R-exposed cardiomyoblasts against H/R-induced excessive cardiomyoblast autophagy, inflammation, and damage, improving cardiac dysfunction as well as myocardial I/R-induced cardiac dysfunction and tissue injury. The mechanism underlying the functional role of EVs-loaded miR-130a-3p was found to be dependent on its targeting relation with ATG16L1. The protective action of EV-carried miR-130a-3p was further re-produced in a rat model serving as in vivo validation as evidenced by improved cardiac function, tissue injury, myocardial fibrosis, and myocardial infarction. Collectively, miR-130a-3p shuttled by plasma-derived EVs was demonstrated to alleviate excessive cardiomyoblast autophagy and improve myocardial I/R injury.
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18
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Zhang Z, Qiao D, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Chen Y, Tang Y, Que R, Chen Y, Zheng L, Dai Y, Tang Z. Portulaca Oleracea L. Extract Ameliorates Intestinal Inflammation by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100791. [PMID: 34968000 PMCID: PMC9286603 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Scope To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)‐induced autophagy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the intervention mechanism of Portulaca oleracea L. (POL) extract, a medicinal herb with anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, immune‐regulating, and antitumor properties, in vitro and in vivo. Methods and Results An IL‐10‐deficient mouse model is used for in vivo experiments; a thapsigargin (Tg)‐stimulated ERS model of human colonic mucosal epithelial cells (HIECs) is used for in vitro experiments. The levels of ERS‐autophagy‐related proteins are examined by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Cellular ultrastructure is assessed with transmission electron microscopy. POL extract promotes a healing effect on colitis by regulating ERS‐autophagy through the protein kinase R‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)‐eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)/Beclin1‐microtubule‐associated protein light chain 3II (LC3II) pathway. Conclusion Overall, the results of this study further confirm the anti‐inflammatory mechanism and protective effect of POL extract and provide a new research avenue for the clinical treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dan Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 200082, Shanghai, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yujun Chen
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yingjue Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Renye Que
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 200082, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 200082, Shanghai, China
| | - Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 730000, China
| | - Yancheng Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 200082, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Circ_SPG11 plays contributing effects on IL-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation via miR-665 inhibition-mediated GREM1 upregulation. Clin Immunol 2021; 233:108889. [PMID: 34798237 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The dysregulation of circular RNA (circRNA) has been monitored in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage, hinting that circRNA deregulation modulates OA progression. We thus aimed to unveil the role of circRNA spastic paraplegia 11 (circ_SPG11) in OA conditions. The upregulation of circ_SPG11 was observed in OA cartilage and IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Knockdown of circ_SPG11 restored IL-1β-depleted cell proliferation and alleviated IL-1β-induced cell apoptosis and ECM degradation. Circ_SPG11 bound to miR-665 and negatively regulated miR-665 expression. Inhibition of miR-665 reversed the inhibitory effect on IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury caused by circ_SPG11 knockdown. GREM1 was a target of miR-665, and circ_SPG11 knockdown depleted GREM1 expression by enriching miR-665. Overexpression of GREM1 also reversed the inhibitory effect on IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury caused by miR-665 enrichment. Circ_SPG11 might promote IL-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation via increasing GREM1 expression by decoying miR-665.
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LncRNA LUCAT1 as a Plasma Biomarker for Assessing Disease Activity in Adult Patients with Crohn's Disease. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2021; 2021:5557357. [PMID: 34621310 PMCID: PMC8492250 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5557357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the expression of long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) LUCAT1 in adult patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and evaluate the relationship between LncRNA LUCAT1 and the disease activity in Chinese patients with CD. Methods Patients with CD and healthy participants (≥18 years old) were enrolled in this study between January 2018 and December 2019. The expression of LncRNA LUCAT1 in plasma samples was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Basic characteristics of patients with CD were collected, including gender, age, clinical stage, disease behavior, disease location, C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet (PLT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), fecal calprotectin (FC), Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) score, and simplified Crohn's disease endoscopic score (SES-CD). Results In total, 168 patients with CD and 65 healthy participants (≥18 years old) were enrolled in this study. Among them, ninety patients with clinically active CD, seventy-eight patients with CD in clinical remission, forty-eight patients with endoscopically active CD, thirty patients with endoscopically inactive CD, and sixty-five healthy participants. LncRNA LUCAT1 was increased in plasma of patients with CD compared with the control group. The plasma LncRNA LUCAT1 level of patients with CD both in the clinical and endoscopic active phase was higher than that of both the clinical and endoscopic remission phase. The plasma level of LncRNA LUCAT1 in patients with CD was positively correlated with ESR, CRP, FC, CDAI, and SES-CD. There was no significant correlation between the level of LUCAT1 and platelets. The plasma LncRNA LUCAT1 level in patients with CD had significant differences between severe active patients and mild/moderate active patients. Conclusion The plasma LncRNA LUCAT1 is positively associated with the disease activity in patients with CD, and it may act as a noninvasive biomarker to identify the degree of disease activity.
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Qiao D, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Chen Y, Tang Y, Sun X, Tang Z, Dai Y. Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Autophagy: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Ulcerative Colitis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:697360. [PMID: 34588980 PMCID: PMC8473789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.697360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammation that mainly affects the mucosa and submucosa of the rectum and colon. Numerous studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced autophagy plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of UC. ERS is the imbalance of internal balance caused by misfolded or unfolded proteins accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).Excessive ERS triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), an increase in inositol-requiring enzyme 1, and a Ca2+ overload, which activates the autophagy pathway. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved method of cellular self-degradation. Dysregulated autophagy causes inflammation, disruption of the intestinal barrier, and imbalance of intestinal homeostasis, therefore increasing the risk of colonic diseases. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of ERS, UPR, and ERS-related autophagy in UC, providing potential new targets and more effective treatment options for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujun Chen
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjue Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai PuTuo District People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yancheng Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Zhou C, Zhou H, Zhang F, Hao L, Guo J. Active Ingredients and Potential Mechanisms of the Gan Jiang-Huang Qin-Huang Lian-Ren Shen Decoction against Ulcerative Colitis: A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking-Based Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:1925718. [PMID: 34539797 PMCID: PMC8445727 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1925718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic and nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease, seriously affects the quality of patients' life. Han Re Bing Yong Fa (treating diseases with both cool- and warm-natured herbs) is a classical therapeutic principle of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is often used to treat chronic diseases, including UC. The Gan Jiang-Huang Qin-Huang Lian-Ren Shen decoction (GJHQHLRSD), a representative of Han Re Bing Yong Fa, is effective in alleviating inflammatory symptoms in UC. However, the pharmacological mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory effect remains unclear. METHODS A network pharmacology strategy, including the construction and analysis of the drug-disease network, was used to explore the complex mechanism of GJHQHLRSD treatment of UC. In addition, molecular docking technology was used to preliminarily examine the binding ability of the potential active components and core therapeutic targets of GJHQHLRSD. RESULTS The network pharmacology results revealed 140 targets of GJHQHLRSD which are involved in UC. The PPI network analysis identified seven target genes: BCL2L1, NR3C1, ALOX5, S1PR5, NR1I2, CYP2D6, and LPAR6. The molecular docking results revealed that the following displayed strongest combined effects: EGFR with kaempferol, ERK1 with worenine, STAT3 with Palmidin A, BCL2L1 with diop and VEGFA with ginsenoside Rg3. The KEGG and gene ontology enrichment analyses results indicated that GJHQHLRSD functions by regulating the EGFR signaling pathway in UC treatment. Other effective biological processes involved in UC treatment included cancer-related as well as inflammation and viral infection signaling pathways, such as the "MicroRNAs in cancer," "TNF signaling pathway," and "JAK-STAT signaling pathway." CONCLUSIONS This study reflects the multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway characteristics of the action mechanism of GJHQHLRSD in treating UC. Furthermore, it helps better understand the TCM therapeutic principle of Han Re Bing Yong Fa and explore novel candidate drug targets for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Zhou
- Department of Proctology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Furong Zhang
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Liangliang Hao
- Department of Proctology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
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23
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The Role of microRNAs in Pulp Inflammation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082142. [PMID: 34440911 PMCID: PMC8391605 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp can be affected by thermal, physical, chemical, and bacterial phenomena that stimulate the inflammatory response. The pulp tissue produces an immunological, cellular, and vascular reaction in an attempt to defend itself and resolve the affected tissue. The expression of different microRNAs during pulp inflammation has been previously documented. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small molecules involved in the transcription of genes that regulate the immune system and the inflammatory response. They are present in cellular and physiological functions, as well as in the pathogenesis of human diseases, becoming potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring, and safety. Previous studies have evidenced the different roles played by miRNAs in proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and immunological phenomena in the dental pulp, highlighting specific key functions of pulp pathology. This systematized review aims to provide an understanding of the role of the different microRNAs detected in the pulp and their effects on the expression of the different target genes that are involved during pulp inflammation.
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24
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McGillis L, Bronte-Tinkew DM, Dang F, Capurro M, Prashar A, Ricciuto A, Greenfield L, Lozano-Ruf A, Siddiqui I, Hsieh A, Church P, Walters T, Roth DE, Griffiths A, Philpott D, Jones NL. Vitamin D deficiency enhances expression of autophagy-regulating miR-142-3p in mouse and "involved" IBD patient intestinal tissues. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G171-G184. [PMID: 34159811 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00398.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is an environmental factor involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the mechanisms surrounding its role remain unclear. Previous studies conducted in an intestinal epithelial-specific vitamin D receptor (VDR) knockout model suggest that a lack of vitamin D signaling causes a reduction in intestinal autophagy. A potential link between vitamin D deficiency and dysregulated autophagy is microRNA (miR)-142-3p, which suppresses autophagy. In this study, we found that wild-type C57BL/6 mice fed a vitamin D-deficient diet for 5 wk had increased miR-142-3p expression in ileal tissues compared with mice that were fed a matched control diet. Interestingly, there was no difference in expression of key autophagy markers ATG16L1 and LC3II in the ileum whole tissue. However, Paneth cells of vitamin D-deficient mice were morphologically abnormal and had an accumulation of the autophagy adaptor protein p62, which was not present in the total crypt epithelium. These findings suggest that Paneth cells exhibit early markers of autophagy dysregulation within the intestinal epithelium in response to vitamin D deficiency and enhanced miR-142-3p expression. Finally, we demonstrated that treatment-naïve IBD patients with low levels of vitamin D have an increase in miR-142-3p expression in colonic tissues procured from "involved" areas of the disease. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that insufficient vitamin D levels alter expression of autophagy-regulating miR-142-3p in intestinal tissues of mice and patients with IBD, providing insight into the mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency modulates IBD pathogenesis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Vitamin D deficiency has a role in IBD pathogenesis, and although the mechanisms surrounding its role remain unclear, it has been suggested that autophagy dysregulation is involved. Here, we show increased ileal expression of autophagy-suppressing miR-142-3p in mice that were fed a vitamin D-deficient diet and in "involved" colonic biopsies from pediatric IBD patients with low vitamin D. miR-142-3p serves as a potential mechanism mediating vitamin D deficiency and reduced autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel McGillis
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dana M Bronte-Tinkew
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frances Dang
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mariana Capurro
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Akriti Prashar
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Ricciuto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Greenfield
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana Lozano-Ruf
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iram Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Hsieh
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Church
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Walters
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel E Roth
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Paediatric Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne Griffiths
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dana Philpott
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicola L Jones
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Bai X, Dong Q, Zhao L, Yao Y, Wang B. microRNA-106b-containing extracellular vesicles affect autophagy of neurons by regulating CDKN2B in Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2021; 760:136094. [PMID: 34216715 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder, and autophagy dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of PD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been established as an attractive therapeutic tool, since they can serve as biological nanoparticles with beneficial effects in PD. Herein, the study aimed to investigate the effects of EVs derived microRNA (miR)-106b on autophagy of neurons in PD. Following the development of a mouse model of PD, we conducted behavior test, TUNEL assay and HE staining to verify the success of modeling. Afterward, MSC-derived EVs were extracted and identified. In hippocampal tissues and neurons of PD mice, miR-106b was poorly expressed, while CDKN2B was highly expressed. miR-106b shuttled by MSC-derived EVs increased neuronal survival, autophagy, LC3II/LC3I ratio and Bcl-2 protein expression, while inhibited neuronal apoptosis and Bax expression in PD mice. It was also confirmed that CDKN2B is a downstream target of miR-106b. Overexpression of CDKN2B reversed the protective effects of miR-106b-containing EVs on neurons in mice with PD. Collectively, miR-106b-containing EVs alleviate neuronal apoptosis and enhance neuronal autophagy in PD by downregulating CDKN2B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Department Five of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, PR China.
| | - Qiaoyun Dong
- Department Five of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department Five of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yan Yao
- Department Five of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department Five of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, PR China
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26
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The Sex-Related Interplay between TME and Cancer: On the Critical Role of Estrogen, MicroRNAs and Autophagy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133287. [PMID: 34209162 PMCID: PMC8267629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) has a fundamental role in tumor progression and response to therapy. The plethora of components constituting the TME, such as stroma, fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cells, as well as macromolecules, e.g., hormones and cytokines, and epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs, can modulate the survival or death of cancer cells. Actually, the TME can stimulate the genetically regulated programs that the cell puts in place under stress: apoptosis or, of interest here, autophagy. However, the implication of autophagy in tumor growth appears still undefined. Autophagy mainly represents a cyto-protective mechanism that allows cell survival but, in certain circumstances, also leads to the blocking of cell cycle progression, possibly leading to cell death. Since significant sex/gender differences in the incidence, progression and response to cancer therapy have been widely described in the literature, in this review, we analyzed the roles played by key components of the TME, e.g., estrogen and microRNAs, on autophagy regulation from a sex/gender-based perspective. We focused our attention on four paradigmatic and different forms of cancers-colon cancer, melanoma, lymphoma, and lung cancer-concluding that sex-specific differences may exert a significant impact on TME/cancer interaction and, thus, tumor growth.
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27
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Inhibit the Fibrosis of Fibrotic Buccal Mucosal Fibroblasts via the MicroRNA-375/FOXF1 Axis. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:9964159. [PMID: 34257670 PMCID: PMC8245228 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9964159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous lesion. Adipose-derived stem cell- (ADSC-) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) (ADSC-EVs) regulate multiple oral diseases. Hence, this study explored the mechanism of ADSC-EVs in OSF. ADSCs were transduced with microRNA- (miR-) 375 mimic. ADSC-EVs and miR-375-overexpressed ADSC-EVs (EVs-miR-375) were extracted and identified. miR-375 expression in EVs and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs) was detected. EV uptake by fBMFs was observed. The targeted relationship between miR-375 and forkhead box protein F1 (FOXF1) was predicted and verified. After EVs-miR-375 treatment or FOXF1 overexpression, fBMF cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated, and levels of apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved-caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2) and fibrosis markers (α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III) were detected. Functional rescue experiments were further performed to verify the role of the miR-375/FOXF1 axis in OSF. miR-375 was notably upregulated in EVs-miR-375 and EVs-miR-375-treated fBMFs (all P < 0.001). ADSC-EVs carried miR-375 into fBMFs. fBMFs can internalize ADSC-EVs. EVs-miR-375 treatment markedly inhibited fBMF cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and fibrosis and promoted apoptosis (all P < 0.01). Moreover, miR-375 targeted FOXF1 in fBMFs. FOXF1 overexpression promoted fBMF cell biological behaviors and fibrosis, which were reversed after EVs-miR-375 treatment (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001). We highlighted that ADSC-EVs inhibited fBMF fibrosis and then suppressed OSF progression via the miR-375/FOXF1 axis.
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28
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Khodakarimi S, Zarebkohan A, Kahroba H, Omrani M, Sepasi T, Mohaddes G, Beyrampour-Basmenj H, Ebrahimi A, Ebrahimi-Kalan A. The role of miRNAs in the regulation of autophagy in autoimmune diseases. Life Sci 2021; 287:119726. [PMID: 34144058 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AD), which are classified as chronic injuries, are caused by a specific auto-reactive reaction. The etiology of most ADs is not well understood. Meanwhile, Autophagy is a protective response defining as a catabolic method by lysosomes tending to maintain homeostasis acts by recycling and discrediting cell compartments. Autophagy plays a crucial role in controlling immune homeostasis by eliminating intracellular pathogens and presenting antigens to immune cognition. MicroRNAs are commonly known as endogenous non-coding small RNAs, which span 18-25 nt and take part in the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level regulation. miRNAs play important roles in different processes like, cell differentiation, duplicating, and apoptosis. Moreover, miRNAs are the critical molecules for the regular function of the immune system by modulating immune tolerance mechanisms and autoimmunity. Recent findings support the role of dysregulated miRNAs in the pathogenesis of ADs and in the regulation of autophagy. In this review, we will focus on the role of the miRNAs in the regulation of autophagy and then will explain the role of dysregulated miRNAs in the initiation of the ADs by modulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Khodakarimi
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Houman Kahroba
- Molecular Medicine Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadhassan Omrani
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tina Sepasi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Beyrampour-Basmenj
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayyub Ebrahimi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Haliç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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29
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Jung H, Kim JS, Lee KH, Tizaoui K, Terrazzino S, Cargnin S, Smith L, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Li H, Hong SH, Yon DK, Lee SW, Kim MS, Wasuwanich P, Karnsakul W, Shin JI, Kronbichler A. Roles of microRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2112-2123. [PMID: 34131410 PMCID: PMC8193269 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.59904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that mainly affects young people. IBD is associated with various gastrointestinal symptoms, and thus, affects the quality of life of patients. Currently, the pathogenesis of IBD is poorly understood. Although intestinal bacteria and host immune response are thought to be major factors in its pathogenesis, a sufficient explanation of their role in its pathophysiologic mechanism has not been presented. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression, have gained attention as they are known to participate in the molecular interactions of IBD. Recent studies have confirmed the important role of miRNAs in targeting certain molecules in signaling pathways that regulate the homeostasis of the intestinal barrier, inflammatory reactions, and autophagy of the intestinal epithelium. Several studies have identified the specific miRNAs associated with IBD from colon tissues or serum samples of IBD patients and have attempted to use them as useful diagnostic biomarkers. Furthermore, some studies have attempted to treat IBD through intracolonic administration of specific miRNAs in the form of nanoparticle. This review summarizes the latest findings on the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunTaek Jung
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seok Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum Hwa Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kalthoum Tizaoui
- Laboratory Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salvatore Terrazzino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics (CRIFF), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Sarah Cargnin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics (CRIFF), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, 08830 Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, 08830 Barcelona, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Han Li
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sung Hwi Hong
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Data Science, Sejong University College of Software Convergence, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Paul Wasuwanich
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Wikrom Karnsakul
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Andreas Kronbichler
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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30
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Abbasi Teshnizi F, Kazemipour N, Nazifi S, Bagheri Lankarani K, Sepehrimanesh M, Razeghian Jahromi I. A study on the potential role of autophagy-related protein 10 as a biomarker for ulcerative colitis. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14825. [PMID: 33904657 PMCID: PMC8077160 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a lifelong disease with unclear etiology and increasing prevalence worldwide. Autophagy has been reported to play roles in the pathogenesis and progression of UC. Here, we aimed to analyze the expression of autophagy related protein 10 (ATG10) and its regulator, micro-RNA (miR) 519a, in UC patients. METHODS The level of ATG10 in the serum, stool, and colon biopsies from 15 UC patients and 30 non-UC healthy individuals (HC) group was measured by ELISA. Also, the blood level of miR-519a was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS We found 13.63 ng/ml versus 0.99 ng/ml, 11.01 ng/ml versus 1.11 ng/ml and 6.41 ng/ml versus 3.21 ng/ml of ATG10 in the stool, colon tissue, and serum of UC and HC, respectively. There was no significant difference in the expression of miR-519a in the blood samples of UC and HC. CONCLUSIONS ATG10 might be a potential non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abbasi Teshnizi
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Kazemipour
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Clinical Pathology Division, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Masood Sepehrimanesh
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Louisiana at Lafayette, LA, USA
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31
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MicroRNAs in Colon Tissue of Pediatric Ulcerative Pancolitis Patients Allow Detection and Prognostic Stratification. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061325. [PMID: 33806966 PMCID: PMC8005023 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease has been on the rise in recent years, especially in pediatric populations. This study aimed to provide precise identification and stratification of pediatric patients with diagnosed ulcerative colitis (UC) according to the severity of their condition and the prediction for standard treatment according to the specific expression of candidate miRNAs. We enrolled consecutive, therapeutically naïve, pediatric UC patients with confirmed pancolitis. We examined formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of colonic tissue for the expression of 10 selected candidate miRNAs. We performed receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, using area under the curve and a logistic regression model to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive power of the miRNA panels. Sixty patients were included in the final analysis. As a control group, 18 children without macroscopic and microscopic signs of inflammatory bowel disease were examined. The combination of three candidate miRNAs (let-7i-5p, miR-223-3p and miR-4284) enabled accurate detection of pediatric UC patients and controls. A panel of four candidate miRNAs (miR-375-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-223-3p and miR-200b-3p) was associated with severity of UC in pediatric patients and a combination of three miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-192-5p and miR-194-5p) was associated with early relapse of the disease. Nine patients out of the total were diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) simultaneously with ulcerative colitis. A panel of 6 candidate miRNAs (miR-142-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-223-3p, let-7i-5p, miR-192-5p and miR-194-5p) identified those patients with PSC. Specific combinations of miRNAs are promising tools for potential use in precise disease identification and severity and prognostic stratification in pediatric patients with ulcerative pancolitis.
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32
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Shao BZ, Yao Y, Zhai JS, Zhu JH, Li JP, Wu K. The Role of Autophagy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:621132. [PMID: 33633585 PMCID: PMC7902040 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.621132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic intestinal inflammatory disease, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The abnormality of inflammatory and immune responses in the intestine contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of IBD. Autophagy is a vital catabolic process in cells. Recent studies report that autophagy is highly involved in various kinds of diseases, especially inflammation-related diseases, such as IBD. In this review, the biological characteristics of autophagy and its role in IBD will be described and discussed based on recent literature. In addition, several therapies for IBD through modulating the inflammasome and intestinal microbiota taking advantage of autophagy regulation will be introduced. We aim to bring new insight in the exploration of mechanisms for IBD and development of novel therapeutic strategies against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Zong Shao
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yao
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Shan Zhai
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhu
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Ping Li
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wu
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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33
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Zheng L, Wang Z, Li Z, Wang M, Wang W, Chang G. MicroRNA-130a inhibits proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing autophagy via ATG2B. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3829-3839. [PMID: 33611856 PMCID: PMC8051697 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous microRNAs participate in regulating the pathological process of atherosclerosis. We have found miR-130a is one of the most significantly down-regulated microRNAs in arteriosclerosis obliterans. Our research explored the function of miR-130a in regulating proliferation by controlling autophagy in arteriosclerosis obliterans development. A Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of miR-130a target genes indicated a correlation between miR-130a and cell proliferation. Thus, cell cycle, CCK-8 assays and Western blot analysis were performed, and the results indicated that miR-130a overexpression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) significantly attenuated cell proliferation, which was validated by an in vivo assay in a rat model. Moreover, autophagy is thought to be involved in the regulation of proliferation. As our results indicated, miR-130a could inhibit autophagy, and ATG2B was predicted to be a target of miR-130a. The autophagy inhibition effect of miR-130a overexpression was consistent with the effect of ATG2B knockdown. The results that ATG2B plasmids and miR-130a mimics were cotransfected in VSMCs further confirmed our conclusion. In addition, by using immunohistochemistry, the positive results of LC3 II/I and ATG2B in the rat model and artery vascular tissues from the patient were in accordance with in vitro data. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that miR-130a inhibits VSMCs proliferation via ATG2B, which indicates that miR-130a could be a potential therapeutic target that regulates autophagy in atherosclerosis obliterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zheng
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhecun Wang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilun Li
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian Wang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangqi Chang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Nazimek K. The complex functions of microRNA-150 in allergy, autoimmunity and immune tolerance. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2021016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
<abstract>
<p>At present, special efforts are being made to develop the strategies allowing for activation of long-lasting antigen-specific immune tolerance in therapy of allergic and autoimmune diseases. Some of these therapeutic approaches are aimed at modulating cell functions at genetic level by using miRNA-based and miRNA-targeting treatments. Simultaneously, the crucial role of extracellular vesicles as natural miRNA conveyors is highlighted for induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance, especially that they appear to be easily manipulatable for therapeutic applications. Among other immune-related miRNAs, miR-150 is getting special attention as it is differently expressed by immune cells at various stages of their maturation and differentiation. In addition, miR-150 is involved in different signaling cascades orchestrating humoral and cell-mediated mechanisms of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, miR-150 is considered a master regulator of immunity in mammals. Currently, physiological miR-150-dependent regulatory circuits and causes of their malfunctioning that underlie the pathogenesis of allergic and autoimmune disorders are being unraveled. Thus, present review summarizes the current knowledge of the role of miR-150 in the pathogenesis and complications of these diseases. Furthermore, the involvement of miR-150 in regulation of immune responses to allergens and self-antigens and in induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance is discussed with the special emphasis on the therapeutic potential of this miRNA.</p>
</abstract>
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Di Gregorio J, Robuffo I, Spalletta S, Giambuzzi G, De Iuliis V, Toniato E, Martinotti S, Conti P, Flati V. The Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition as a Possible Therapeutic Target in Fibrotic Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:607483. [PMID: 33409282 PMCID: PMC7779530 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.607483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a chronic and progressive disorder characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, which leads to scarring and loss of function of the affected organ or tissue. Indeed, the fibrotic process affects a variety of organs and tissues, with specific molecular background. However, two common hallmarks are shared: the crucial role of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and the involvement of the inflammation process, that is essential for initiating the fibrotic degeneration. TGF-β in particular but also other cytokines regulate the most common molecular mechanism at the basis of fibrosis, the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). EMT has been extensively studied, but not yet fully explored as a possible therapeutic target for fibrosis. A deeper understanding of the crosstalk between fibrosis and EMT may represent an opportunity for the development of a broadly effective anti-fibrotic therapy. Here we report the evidences of the relationship between EMT and multi-organ fibrosis, and the possible therapeutic approaches that may be developed by exploiting this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Di Gregorio
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Iole Robuffo
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Section of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sonia Spalletta
- Department of Clinical Pathology, E. Profili Hospital, Fabriano, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Giambuzzi
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Iuliis
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Toniato
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Martinotti
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Pio Conti
- Postgraduate Medical School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Flati
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Mignot S, Cagnard N, Albaud B, Bally C, Siavellis J, Hermine O, Frenzel L. Unique inflammatory signature in haemophilic arthropathy: miRNA changes due to interaction between blood and fibroblast-like synoviocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14453-14466. [PMID: 33159500 PMCID: PMC7753994 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In haemophilia, the recurrence of hemarthrosis leads to irreversible arthropathy termed haemophilic arthropathy (HA). However, HA is a unique form of arthropathy in which resident cells, such as fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS), come into direct contact with blood. Therefore, we hypothesized that FLS in HA could have a unique inflammatory signature as a consequence of their contact with blood. We demonstrated with ELISA and ELISPOT analyses that HA‐FLS expressed a unique profile of cytokine secretion, which differed from that of non‐HA‐FLS, mainly consisting of cytokines involved in innate immunity. We showed that unstable cytokine mRNAs were involved in this process, especially through miRNA complexes as confirmed by DICER silencing. A miRNOME analysis revealed that 30 miRNAs were expressed differently between HA and non‐HA‐FLS, with most miRNAs involved in inflammatory control pathways or described in certain inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus. Analysis of transcriptomic networks, impacted by these miRNAs, revealed that protein processes and inflammatory pathways were particularly targeted in LPS‐induced FLS, and in particular vascularization and osteoarticular modulation pathways in steady‐state FLS. Our study demonstrates that the presence of blood in contact with FLS may induce durable miRNA changes that likely participate in HA pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mignot
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutical Implications, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Labex GR-Ex, Imagine Institute, Inserm U1163, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Cécile Bally
- Hematology unit care - hemophilia Center - Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Justine Siavellis
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutical Implications, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Labex GR-Ex, Imagine Institute, Inserm U1163, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutical Implications, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Labex GR-Ex, Imagine Institute, Inserm U1163, Paris, France.,Hematology unit care - hemophilia Center - Necker Hospital, Paris, France.,Faculté de médecine Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Frenzel
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutical Implications, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Labex GR-Ex, Imagine Institute, Inserm U1163, Paris, France.,Hematology unit care - hemophilia Center - Necker Hospital, Paris, France.,Faculté de médecine Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
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Bi K, Zhang X, Chen W, Diao H. MicroRNAs Regulate Intestinal Immunity and Gut Microbiota for Gastrointestinal Health: A Comprehensive Review. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091075. [PMID: 32932716 PMCID: PMC7564790 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The regulation of microRNA expression in the gut intestine is gradually recognized as one of the crucial contributors of intestinal homeostasis and overall health. Recent studies indicated that both the microRNAs endogenous in the gut intestine and exogenous from diets could play influential roles in modulating microbial colonization and intestinal immunity. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of microRNAs in regulating intestinal homeostasis by modulating intestinal immune responses and gut microbiota. We particularly focus on addressing the microRNA-dependent communication and interactions among microRNA, gut microbiota, and intestinal immune system. Besides, we also summarize the roles of diet-derived microRNAs in host-microbiome homeostasis and their benefits on intestinal health. A better understanding of the relationships among intestinal disorders, microRNAs, and other factors influencing intestinal health can facilitate the application of microRNA-based therapeutics for gastrointestinal diseases.
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Ardali R, Kazemipour N, Nazifi S, Bagheri Lankarani K, Razeghian Jahromi I, Sepehrimanesh M. Pathophysiological role of Atg5 in human ulcerative colitis. Intest Res 2020; 18:421-429. [PMID: 32380583 PMCID: PMC7609390 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2019.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Ulcerative colitis (UC), along with Crohn’s disease, is one of the main types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). On the other hand, deregulated autophagy is involved in many chronic diseases, including IBD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of Atg5 and microRNA-181a (miR-181a) in the pathophysiology of UC. Methods Colon biopsy, stool, and blood samples of 6 men and 9 women were confirmed for UC. Also, 13 men and 17 women were selected as healthy control (HC). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the Atg-5 content of the colon biopsies. Besides, the serum and stool levels of Atg5 were measured using ELISA. Moreover, the total RNA of blood cells was extracted and evaluated for the expression of miR-181a. Results We found 1.2 ng/mL versus 0.46 ng/mL, 0.34 ng/mL versus 0.24 ng/mL, and 0.082 ng/mL versus 0.062 ng/mL of Atg5 in stool, intestinal tissue, and serum of UC and HCs, respectively. There was no significant difference in the expression of miR-181a in the blood samples of UC and HCs. Immunohistochemistry showed high positivity without any significant difference between the 2 groups in the quantitative analysis. Conclusions The significant difference observed between the stool Atg5 content of the HCs and UC patients may provide new insight into using this protein as a diagnostic biomarker, however, considering the small size of our studied population further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Ardali
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Kazemipour
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Clinical Pathology Division, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Masood Sepehrimanesh
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
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Ye C, Qi W, Dai S, Zou G, Liu W, Yu B, Tang J. microRNA-223 promotes autophagy to aggravate lung ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression of transcription factor HIF2α. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L1-L10. [PMID: 32267722 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00009.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury severely endangers human health, and recent studies have suggested that certain microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in this pathological phenomenon. The current study aimed to ascertain the ability of miR-223 to influence lung I/R injury by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF2α). First, mouse models of lung I/R injury were established: during surgical procedures, pulmonary arteries and veins and unilateral pulmonary portal vessels were blocked and resuming bilateral pulmonary ventilation, followed by restoration of bipulmonary ventilation. In addition, a lung I/R injury cell model was constructed by exposure to hypoxic reoxygenation (H/R) in mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). Expression of miR-223, HIF2α and β-catenin in tissues or cells was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. Correlation between miR-223 and HIF2α was analyzed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Further, lung tissue injury and mouse PMVEC apoptosis was evaluated by HE, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. Autophagosomes in cells were detected by light chain3 immunofluorescence assay. miR-223 was expressed at a high level while HIF2α/β-catenin was downregulated in tissues and cells with lung I/R injury. Further, miR-223 targeted and repressed HIF2α expression to downregulate β-catenin expression. The miR-223/HIF2α/β-catenin axis aggravated H/R injury in mouse PMVECs and lung I/R injury in mice by enhancing autophagy. Taken together, miR-223 inhibits HIF2α to repress β-catenin, thus contributing to autophagy to complicate lung I/R injury. These findings provide a promising therapeutic target for treating lung I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Ye
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Wanghong Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Shaohua Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Guowen Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Weicheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Bentong Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
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The Influence of Nutrients on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:2894169. [PMID: 32190385 PMCID: PMC7064842 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2894169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases is a group of inflammatory diseases. The pathogenesis of diseases is multifactorial, which may include a Western-type diet. Diseases occur with periods of recurrence and remission. Many factors can have a beneficial effect on reducing the frequency of recurrence and prolonging the remission period. Such ingredients include dietary fibre, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, certain vitamins (D, C, and E), flavonoids, and minerals such as zinc and selenium. Properly selected nutrition might be an integral part of the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.
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Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Alleviates Inflammatory Bowel Disease Through Induction of AMPK-mTOR-p70S6K-Mediated Autophagy. Inflammation 2020; 42:1666-1679. [PMID: 31236857 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) has been reported to be protective in several kinds of disorders through inflammatory suppression. Here, we investigated the role of α7nAChR in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on α7nAChR deficient mice (α7nAChR-/-) and the wild-type mice (α7nAChR+/+). Three percent dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used for the creation of IBD mice model and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/DSS as an inflammatory stressor in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The severity of IBD was determined and HE staining as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time PCR were used to detect the level of inflammatory activation. Western blot was used to determine the levels of autophagy-related proteins. Transmission electron microscopy and mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid were applied to determine the levels of autophagy. We demonstrated that deficiency in α7nAChR produced a detrimental effect on IBD severity and inflammatory reaction in DSS-induced colitis models. Those effects were led to via autophagy dysfunction. α7nAChR deficiency attenuated the protective and anti-inflammatory effect of autophagy inducer in IBD mice and BMDMs challenged with LPS/DSS. The alleviative effect of activating α7nAChR was attenuated through inhibiting adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated signaling. In conclusion, α7nAChR contributes to alleviate IBD through the induction of AMPK-mammalian target of rapamycin rabbit (mTOR)-p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K)-mediated autophagy, thus providing a novel target for the treatment of IBD.
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miR-146b-5p Plays a Critical Role in the Regulation of Autophagy in ∆per Brucella melitensis-Infected RAW264.7 Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1953242. [PMID: 32051823 PMCID: PMC6995328 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1953242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucella-caused brucellosis is one of the most widespread worldwide zoonoses. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Brucella, which functions as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), is an important virulence factor that elicits protective antibodies. Per of B. melitensis is involved in the biosynthesis of the O-side chain of LPS. Autophagy is a crucial element of the innate immune response against intracellular pathogens including Brucella. In this study, we observed that autophagy was inhibited in RAW264.7 cells infected with Brucella melitensis ∆per. And, a high-throughput array-based screen and qRT-PCR validation were performed to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs in RAW264.7 cells infected with B. melitensis M5-90 ∆per. The results suggested that mmu-miR-146a-5p, mmu-miR-155-5p, mmu-miR-146b-5p, and mmu-miR-3473a were upregulated and mmu-miR-30c-5p was downregulated. During B. melitensis M5-90 ∆per infection, the increased expression of miR-146b-5p inhibited the autophagy activation in RAW264.7 cells. Using a bioinformatics approach, Tbc1d14 was predicted to be a potential target of miR-146b-5p. The results of a luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-146b-5p directly targeted the 3'-UTR of Tbc1d14, and the interaction between miR-146b-5p and the 3'-UTR of Tbc1d14 was sequence-specific. High-throughput RNA-Seq-based screening was performed to identify differentially expressed genes in Tbc1d14-expressing RAW264.7 cells, and these were validated by qRT-PCR. Among the differentially expressed genes, four autophagy associated genes, IFNγ-inducible p47 GTPase 1 (IIGP1), nuclear receptor binding protein 2 (Nrbp2), transformation related protein 53 inducible nuclear protein 1 (Trp53inp1), and immunity-related GTPase family M member 1 (Irgm1), were obtained. Our findings provide important insights into the functional mechanism of LPS of B. melitensis.
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Liu L, Li X. Downregulation of miR-320 Alleviates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammatory Response in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 129:131-137. [PMID: 31634961 DOI: 10.1055/a-1012-8420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs serve important roles in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs). This study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-320 (miR-320) in the development of ERs and the inflammatory response in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The adipose tissue expression levels of miR-320 and ERs markers (GRP78, GRP94, Derlin-1 and CHOP) and the serum concentration of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, NF-κB and IL-6) in obese patients were evaluated using quantitative real-time RT-PCR or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlation of miR-320 with genes involved in ERs and inflammation was analyzed. The effects of miR-320 on ERs and inflammation were explored using mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which were pretreated with palmitic acid (PA). RESULTS ERs markers and inflammatory cytokines were all upregulated in obese patients. Adipose tissue miR-320 expression was also increased in obese patients, and had positive correlations with the levels of ERs markers and inflammatory cytokines. After PA treatment, the levels of ERs markers and inflammatory cytokines were elevated significantly in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Moreover, miR-320 expression was increased in the cells under ERs status. The upregulation of miR-320 could enhance the expression of ERs markers and inflammatory cytokines, but the downregulation of miR-320 resulted in the opposite results. CONCLUSION The data of this study indicate that miR-320 expression is upregulated in ERs status, and the downregulation of miR-320 ameliorates ERs and the inflammatory response in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We consider that the approaches to decrease miR-320 expression may be novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of obesity and obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
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He S, Chen D, Hu M, Zhang L, Liu C, Traini D, Grau GE, Zeng Z, Lu J, Zhou G, Xie L, Sun S. Bronchial epithelial cell extracellular vesicles ameliorate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in COPD pathogenesis by alleviating M2 macrophage polarization. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 18:259-271. [PMID: 30981817 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is partly characterized as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related airflow limitation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play crucial roles in the crosstalk between cells, affecting many diseases including COPD. Up to now, the roles of EVs in COPD are still debated. As we found in this investigation, COPD patients have higher miR-21 level in total serum EVs. EMT occurs in lungs of COPD mice. Furthermore, bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) could generate EVs with less miR-21 when treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE), impacting less on the M2-directed macrophage polarization than the control-EVs (PBS-treated) according to EVs miR-21 level. Furthermore, the EMT processes in BEAS-2B cells were enhanced with the M2 macrophages proportion when co-cultured. Collectively, these results demonstrate that CSE-treated BEAS-2B cells could alleviate M2 macrophages polarization by modulated EVs, and eventually relieve the EMT process of BEAS-2B cells themselves under COPD pathogenesis, revealing a novel compensatory role of them in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyang He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Duanni Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengyun Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Caihong Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Georges E Grau
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zhengpeng Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjuan Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanzhi Zhou
- Department of Head and Neck Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Lihua Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Shenghua Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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