1
|
Sukka SR, Ampomah PB, Darville LNF, Ngai D, Wang X, Kuriakose G, Xiao Y, Shi J, Koomen JM, McCusker RH, Tabas I. Efferocytosis drives a tryptophan metabolism pathway in macrophages to promote tissue resolution. Nat Metab 2024:10.1038/s42255-024-01115-7. [PMID: 39242914 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage efferocytosis prevents apoptotic cell (AC) accumulation and triggers inflammation-resolution pathways. The mechanisms linking efferocytosis to resolution often involve changes in macrophage metabolism, but many gaps remain in our understanding of these processes. We now report that efferocytosis triggers an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1)-dependent tryptophan (Trp) metabolism pathway that promotes several key resolution processes, including the induction of pro-resolving proteins, such interleukin-10, and further enhancement of efferocytosis. The process begins with upregulation of Trp transport and metabolism, and it involves subsequent activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by the Trp metabolite kynurenine (Kyn). Through these mechanisms, macrophage IDO1 and AhR contribute to a proper resolution response in several different mouse models of efferocytosis-dependent tissue repair, notably during atherosclerosis regression induced by plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) lowering. These findings reveal an integrated metabolism programme in macrophages that links efferocytosis to resolution, with possible therapeutic implications for non-resolving chronic inflammatory diseases, notably atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh R Sukka
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Patrick B Ampomah
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lancia N F Darville
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - David Ngai
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Kuriakose
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuling Xiao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John M Koomen
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert H McCusker
- Department of Animal Sciences, Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program and Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khoshkhabar R, Yazdani M, Hoda Alavizadeh S, Saberi Z, Arabi L, Reza Jaafari M. Chemo-immunotherapy by nanoliposomal epacadostat and docetaxel combination to IDO1 inhibition and tumor microenvironment suppression. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112437. [PMID: 38870880 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The over-activation of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism to kynurenine (Kyn) catalyzed by Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) enzyme, is one of the main metabolic pathways involved in tumor microenvironment (TME) immune escape and cancer treatment failure. The most efficient of IDO1 inhibitors is Epacadostat (EPA). Since monotherapy with single-agent IDO1 inhibitor regimen has led to an insufficient anti-tumor activity, we examined the efficacy of simultaneous treatment by Liposomal epacadostat (Lip-EPA) as a potent IDO inhibitor, in combination with docetaxel (DTX) as a complement immunogenic cell death (ICD) agent against B16F10 model. First, the in vitro combination index (CI) of epacadostat (EPA) and DTX was investigated by using the unified theory. Then, the in vivo efficacy of the combination therapy was assessed. Results indicated the synergestic cytotoxic effect of the combination on B16F10 compared to normal fibroblast cells (NIH). The immune profiling demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of infiltrated T lymphocytes and IFN-γ release, a significant decrease in the percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg) population and the subsequent low levels of IL-10 generation in mice treated with Lip-EPA + DTX. Further, a significant tumor growth delay (TGD = 69.15 %) and an increased life span (ILS > 47.83 %) was observed with the combination strategy. Histopathology analysis revealed a remarkable increase in the Trp concentration following combination treatment, while Kyn levels significantly decreased. Results showed that the nano-liposomal form of IDO1 inhibitor in combination with chemotherapy could significantly improve the imunity response and dominate the tumor immuno-suppressive micro-environment, which merits further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahimeh Khoshkhabar
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Yazdani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Zahra Saberi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Arabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang C, Wang H, Aji T, Li Z, Li Y, Ainiwaer A, Rousu Z, Li J, Wang M, Deng B, Duolikun A, Kang X, Zheng X, Yu Q, Shao Y, Zhang W, Vuitton DA, Tian Z, Sun H, Wen H. Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells promotes antiparasitic T-cell immunity and enhances the efficacy of PD-1 blockade (15 words). Nat Commun 2024; 15:6345. [PMID: 39068159 PMCID: PMC11283557 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune exhaustion corresponds to a loss of effector function of T cells that associates with cancer or chronic infection. Here, our objective was to decipher the mechanisms involved in the immune suppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and to explore the potential to target these cells for immunotherapy to enhance checkpoint blockade efficacy in a chronic parasite infection. We demonstrated that programmed cell-death-1 (PD-1) expression was significantly upregulated and associated with T-cell dysfunction in advanced alveolar echinococcosis (AE) patients and in Echinococcus multilocularis-infected mice. PD-1 blockade ex vivo failed to reverse AE patients' peripheral blood T-cell dysfunction. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade or PD-1 deficiency had no significant effects on metacestode in mouse model. This was due to the inhibitory capacities of immunosuppressive granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs), especially in the liver surrounding the parasite pseudotumor. MDSCs suppressed T-cell function in vitro in an indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)-dependent manner. Although depleting MDSCs alone restored T-cell effector functions and led to some limitation of disease progression in E. multilocularis-infected mice, combination with PD-1 blockade was better to induce antiparasitic efficacy. Our findings provide preclinical evidence in support of targeting MDSC or combining such an approach with checkpoint blockade in patients with advanced AE. (200 words).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of High Incidence Disease Research in Xingjiang, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of High Incidence Disease Research in Xingjiang, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, and WHO Collaborating Centre on Prevention and Case Management of Echinococcosis, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Tuerganaili Aji
- Key Laboratory of High Incidence Disease Research in Xingjiang, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Department of Hepatic Hydatid and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhide Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yinshi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Abidan Ainiwaer
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zibigu Rousu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Maolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Department of Hepatic Hydatid and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Bingqing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Adilai Duolikun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xuran Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yingmei Shao
- Department of Hepatic Hydatid and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Wenbao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, and WHO Collaborating Centre on Prevention and Case Management of Echinococcosis, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Dominique A Vuitton
- WHO-Collaborating Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, Department of Parasitology, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté (EA 3181) and University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University; Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sheng Y, Hu W, Chen S, Zhu X. Efferocytosis by macrophages in physiological and pathological conditions: regulatory pathways and molecular mechanisms. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1275203. [PMID: 38779685 PMCID: PMC11109379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1275203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Efferocytosis is defined as the highly effective phagocytic removal of apoptotic cells (ACs) by professional or non-professional phagocytes. Tissue-resident professional phagocytes ("efferocytes"), such as macrophages, have high phagocytic capacity and are crucial to resolve inflammation and aid in homeostasis. Recently, numerous exciting discoveries have revealed divergent (and even diametrically opposite) findings regarding metabolic immune reprogramming associated with efferocytosis by macrophages. In this review, we highlight the key metabolites involved in the three phases of efferocytosis and immune reprogramming of macrophages under physiological and pathological conditions. The next decade is expected to yield further breakthroughs in the regulatory pathways and molecular mechanisms connecting immunological outcomes to metabolic cues as well as avenues for "personalized" therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan−Ran Sheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen−Ting Hu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siman Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao−Yong Zhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tong M, Bai Y, Han X, Kong L, Ren L, Zhang L, Li X, Yao J, Yan B. Single-cell profiling transcriptomic reveals cellular heterogeneity and cellular crosstalk in choroidal neovascularization model. Exp Eye Res 2024; 242:109877. [PMID: 38537669 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a hallmark of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and a major contributor to vision loss in nAMD cases. However, the identification of specific cell types associated with nAMD remains challenging. Herein, we performed single-cell sequencing to comprehensively explore the cellular diversity and understand the foundational components of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid complex. We unveiled 10 distinct cell types within the RPE/choroid complex. Notably, we observed significant heterogeneity within endothelial cells (ECs), fibroblasts, and macrophages, underscoring the intricate nature of the cellular composition in the RPE/choroid complex. Within the EC category, four distinct clusters were identified and EC cluster 0 was tightly associated with choroidal neovascularization. We identified five clusters of fibroblasts actively involved in the pathogenesis of nAMD, influencing fibrotic responses, angiogenic effects, and photoreceptor function. Additionally, three clusters of macrophages were identified, suggesting their potential roles in regulating the progression of nAMD through immunomodulation and inflammation regulation. Through CellChat analysis, we constructed a complex cell-cell communication network, revealing the role of EC clusters in interacting with fibroblasts and macrophages in the context of nAMD. These interactions were found to govern angiogenic effects, fibrotic responses, and inflammatory processes. In summary, this study reveals noteworthy cellular heterogeneity in the RPE/choroid complex and provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis of CNV. These findings will open up potential avenues for deep understanding and targeted therapeutic interventions in nAMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tong
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yun Bai
- College of Information Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaoyan Han
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lingjie Kong
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ling Ren
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Linyu Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Xiumiao Li
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Jin Yao
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Biao Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chang K, Jiao Y, Zhang B, Hou L, He X, Wang D, Li D, Li R, Wang Z, Fan P, Zhang J. MGP + and IDO1 + tumor-associated macrophages facilitate immunoresistance in breast cancer revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111818. [PMID: 38460300 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is widely applied for the treatment of breast cancer, but to which some patients respond poorly or develop resistance. Therefore, the mechanism needs to be further studied. Transcriptomic data of 31 breast cancer patients treated with anti-programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) was downloaded from the VIB-KULeuven Center for Cancer Biology to analyze the changes in myeloid cells in tumor tissues before and after immunotherapy. And 24 cell populations that may be immune-related were further identified. Representative cell populations were also screened and validated through cellular and animal experiments to evaluate the relevant molecular expression and pathways of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment. The results demonstrated that MGP+ TAMs and IDO1+ TAMs influenced the efficacy of immunotherapy in breast cancer patients. After anti-PD-1 treatment, Increased numbers of MGP+ TAMs and IDO1+ TAMs in breast cancer patients upregulated pro-tumorigenic factors associated with resistance to immunosuppressive therapy. This study provides new biomarkers for immunotherapy to predict therapeutic responses and overcome potential resistance to immunotherapy. It is an important complement to the immunosuppression caused by TAMs after immunotherapy for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Chang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yangchi Jiao
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lan Hou
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiangmei He
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Danxi Li
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ruolei Li
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Pengyu Fan
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Juliang Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yao X, Zhang L, Sun S, Fu A, Ge Y. Progress of research on the relationship between efferocytosis and tumor. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1361327. [PMID: 38655133 PMCID: PMC11035832 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1361327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumors are genetic changes that develop in an organism as a result of many internal and external causes. They affect the biological behavior of cells, cause them to grow independently, and give rise to new, perpetually proliferating organisms. Recent research has supported the critical function of tumor-associated macrophages in the development, progression, and metastasis of tumors through efferocytosis. Yet, there is still much to learn about the mechanisms behind their contribution to tumor pathological processes. As a result, it's critical to actively investigate how cytosolic processes contribute to the growth of tumors and to create novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanlei Ge
- North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou X, Li D, Xia S, Ma X, Li R, Mu Y, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhou Q, Zhuo W, Ding K, Lin A, Liu W, Liu X, Zhou T. RNA-based modulation of macrophage-mediated efferocytosis potentiates antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer. J Control Release 2024; 366:128-141. [PMID: 38104775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages play pivotal roles in tumor progression and metastasis. Macrophage-mediated clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) supports inflammation resolution, contributing to immune evasion in colorectal cancers. To reverse this immunosuppressive process, we propose a readily translatable RNA therapy to selectively inhibit macrophage-mediated efferocytosis in tumor microenvironment. A clinically approved lipid nanoparticle platform (LNP) is employed to encapsulate siRNA for the phagocytic receptor MerTK (siMerTK), enabling selective MerTK inhibition in the diseased organ. Decreased MerTK expression in tumor-associated macrophages results in apoptotic cell accumulation and immune activation in tumor microenvironment, leading to suppressed tumor growth and better survival in both liver and peritoneal metastasis models of colorectal cancers. siMerTK delivery combined with PD-1 blockade further produces enhanced antimetastatic efficacy with reactivated intratumoral immune milieu. Collectively, LNP-based siMerTK delivery combined with immune checkpoint therapy may present a feasible modality for metastatic colorectal cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Zhou
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China.
| | - Dezhi Li
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Shenglong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xixi Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yongli Mu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zimo Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Zhuo
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Liu
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Xiangrui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314100, China.
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang M, Yu F, Zhang Y, Li P. Programmed cell death in tumor immunity: mechanistic insights and clinical implications. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1309635. [PMID: 38283351 PMCID: PMC10811021 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1309635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of cell suicide that is controlled by various signaling pathways. PCD plays an important role in a multitude of biological processes, such as cell turnover, development, tissue homeostasis and immunity. Some forms of PCD, including apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and necroptosis, contribute to carcinogenesis and cancer development, and thus have attracted increasing attention in the field of oncology. Recently, increasing research-based evidence has demonstrated that PCD acts as a critical modulator of tumor immunity. PCD can affect the function of innate and adaptive immune cells, which leads to distinct immunological consequences, such as the priming of tumor-specific T cells, immunosuppression and immune evasion. Targeting PCD alone or in combination with conventional immunotherapy may provide new options to enhance the clinical efficacy of anticancer therapeutics. In this review, we introduce the characteristics and mechanisms of ubiquitous PCD pathways (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, pyroptosis and ferroptosis) and explore the complex interaction between these cell death mechanisms and tumor immunity based on currently available evidence. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of PCD-based approaches by outlining clinical trials targeting PCD in cancer treatment. Elucidating the immune-related effects of PCD on cancer pathogenesis will likely contribute to an improved understanding of oncoimmunology and allow PCD to be exploited for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | | | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qiu H, Shao Z, Wen X, Liu Z, Chen Z, Qu D, Ding X, Zhang L. Efferocytosis: An accomplice of cancer immune escape. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115540. [PMID: 37741255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The clearance of apoptotic cells by efferocytes such as macrophages and dendritic cells is termed as "efferocytosis", it plays critical roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Currently, available studies indicate that efferocytosis-related molecules and pathways are tightly associated with cancer development, metastasis and treatment resistance, efferocytosis also induces an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and assists cancer cells escape from immune surveillance. In this study, we reviewed the underlying mechanisms of efferocytosis in mediating the occurrence of cancer immune escape, and then emphatically summarized the strategies of using efferocytosis as therapeutic target to enhance the anti-tumor efficacies of immune checkpoint inhibitors, hoping to provide powerful evidences for more effective therapeutic regimens of malignant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiying Shao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Debao Qu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dong Y, Chen J, Chen Y, Liu S. Targeting the STAT3 oncogenic pathway: Cancer immunotherapy and drug repurposing. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115513. [PMID: 37741251 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune effector cells in the microenvironment tend to be depleted or remodeled, unable to perform normal functions, and even promote the malignant characterization of tumors, resulting in the formation of immunosuppressive microenvironments. The strategy of reversing immunosuppressive microenvironment has been widely used to enhance the tumor immunotherapy effect. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was found to be a crucial regulator of immunosuppressive microenvironment formation and activation as well as a factor, stimulating tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasiveness and metastasis. Therefore, regulating the immune microenvironment by targeting the STAT3 oncogenic pathway might be a new cancer therapy strategy. This review discusses the pleiotropic effects of STAT3 on immune cell populations that are critical for tumorigenesis, and introduces the novel strategies targeting STAT3 oncogenic pathway for cancer immunotherapy. Lastly, we summarize the conventional drugs used in new STAT3-targeting anti-tumor applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Dong
- Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1 Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songjiang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No.26, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao S, Wang Q, Liu Y, Zhang P, Ji W, Xie J, Cheng C. Interaction, immune infiltration characteristics and prognostic modeling of efferocytosis-related subtypes in glioblastoma. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:248. [PMID: 37853449 PMCID: PMC10583324 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01688-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efferocytosis is a biological process in which phagocytes remove apoptotic cells and vesicles from tissues. This process is initiated by the release of inflammatory mediators from apoptotic cells and plays a crucial role in resolving inflammation. The signals associated with efferocytosis have been found to regulate the inflammatory response and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which promotes the immune escape of tumor cells. However, the role of efferocytosis in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is not well understood and requires further investigation. METHODS In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 22 efferocytosis-related genes (ERGs) by searching for studies related to efferocytosis. Using bulk RNA-Seq and single-cell sequencing data, we analyzed the expression and mutational characteristics of these ERGs. By using an unsupervised clustering algorithm, we obtained ERG clusters from 549 GBM patients and evaluated the immune infiltration characteristics of each cluster. We then identified differential genes (DEGs) in the two ERG clusters and classified GBM patients into different gene clusters using univariate cox analysis and unsupervised clustering algorithms. Finally, we utilized the Boruta algorithm to screen for prognostic genes and reduce dimensionality, and the PCA algorithm was applied to create a novel efferocytosis-related scoring system. RESULTS Differential expression of ERGs in glioma cell lines and normal cells was analyzed by rt-PCR. Cell function experiments, on the other hand, validated TIMD4 as a tumor risk factor in GBM. We found that different ERG clusters and gene clusters have distinct prognostic and immune infiltration profiles. The ERG signature we developed provides insight into the tumor microenvironment of GBM. Patients with lower ERG scores have a better survival rate and a higher likelihood of benefiting from immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our novel efferocytosis-related signature has the potential to be used in clinical practice for risk stratification of GBM patients and for selecting individuals who are likely to respond to immunotherapy. This can help clinicians design appropriate targeted therapies before initiating clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songyun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuankun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiaheng Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Y, Huang S, Kong W, Wu C, Zeng T, Xie S, Chen Q, Kuang S, Zheng R, Wang F, Zhou C, Chen Y, Huang S, Lv Z. Corilagin alleviates liver fibrosis in zebrafish and mice by repressing IDO1-mediated M2 macrophage repolarization. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155016. [PMID: 37598639 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis caused by chronic liver injury, eventually develops into liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there are no effective drugs to relieve liver fibrosis due to the lack of molecular pathogenesis characteristics. Former research demonstrates that the hepatic immune microenvironment plays a key role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, thus macrophages are important immune cells in the liver. Our previous study has found that IDO1 plays an important role in the liver immune microenvironment. CRG is a gallic acid tannin found in medicinal plants of many ethnicities that protects against inflammation, tumors and chronic liver disease. However, the mechanism of by which CRG mediates the interaction of IDO1 with macrophages during hepatic immune maturation is not clear. PURPOSE To investigate the regulatory mechanism of CRG in liver fibrosis and the intrinsic relationship between IDO1 and macrophage differentiation. METHODS Zebrafish, RAW264.7 cells and mice were used in the study. IDO1 overexpression and knockdown cell lines were constructed using lentiviral techniques. RESULTS We discovered that CRG remarkably reduced the AST and ALT serum levels. Histological examination revealed that CRG ameliorates CCL4-induced liver fibrosis and depressed the expression of α-SMA, Lamimin, Collagen-Ι and fibronectin. Besides, we found that CRG promoted increased MerTK expression on partly macrophages. Interestingly, in vitro, we found that CRG suppressed IDO1 expression and regulated macrophage differentiation by upregulating CD86, CD80 and iNOS, while downregulating CD206, CD163, IL-4 and IL-10 expression. Additionally, we found that CRG could inhibit hepatic stellate cell activation by direct or indirect action. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CRG alleviates liver fibrosis by mediating IDO1-mediated M2 macrophage repolarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Sha Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Wen Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Chaofeng Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Shuwen Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Qing Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Shanshan Kuang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Ruise Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Fengsui Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Chuying Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Yuyao Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zhiping Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen Z, Li Z, Huang H, Shen G, Ren Y, Mao X, Wang L, Li Z, Wang W, Li G, Zhao B, Guo W, Hu Y. Cancer Immunotherapy Based on Cell Membrane-Coated Nanocomposites Augmenting cGAS/STING Activation by Efferocytosis Blockade. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302758. [PMID: 37381095 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity triggered by the cGAS/STING pathway has the potential to improve cancer immunotherapy. Previously, the authors reported that double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) released by dying tumor cells can trigger the cGAS/STING pathway. However, owing to efferocytosis, dying tumor cells are engulfed and cleared before the damaged dsDNA is released; hence, immunologic tolerance and immune escape occur. Herein, a cancer-cell-membrane biomimetic nanocomposites that exhibit tumor-immunotherapeutic effects are synthesized by augmenting the cGAS/STING pathway and suppressing efferocytosis. Once internalized by cancer cells, a combined chemo/chemodynamic therapy would be triggered, which damages their nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Furthermore, the releasing Annexin A5 protein could inhibit efferocytosis effect and promote immunostimulatory secondary necrosis by preventing phosphatidylserine exposure, resulting in the burst release of dsDNA. These dsDNA fragments, as molecular patterns to immunogenic damage, escape from the cancer cells, activate the cGAS/STING pathway, enhance cross-presentation inside dendritic cells, and promote M1-polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. In vivo experiments suggest that the proposed nanocomposite could recruit cytotoxic T-cells and facilitate long-term immunological memory. Moreover, when combined with immune-checkpoint blockades, it could augment the immune response. Therefore, this novel biomimetic nanocomposite is a promising strategy for generating adaptive antitumor immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Huilin Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yingxin Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Weisheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Bingxia Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- Experiment Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu K, Liu Y, Luo H, Wang T. Efferocytosis signatures as prognostic markers for revealing immune landscape and predicting immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1218244. [PMID: 37383726 PMCID: PMC10294713 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1218244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal liver cancer with late diagnosis; therefore, the identification of new early biomarkers could help reduce mortality. Efferocytosis, a process in which one cell engulfs another cell, including macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells, etc., plays a complex role in tumorigenesis, sometimes promoting and sometimes inhibiting tumor development. However, the role of efferocytosis-related genes (ERGs) in HCC progression has been poorly studied, and their regulatory effects in HCC immunotherapy and drug targeting have not been reported. Methods: We downloaded efferocytosis-related genes from the Genecards database and screened for ERGs that showed significant expression changes between HCC and normal tissues and were associated with HCC prognosis. Machine learning algorithms were used to study prognostic gene features. CIBERSORT and pRRophetic R packages were used to evaluate the immune environment of HCC subtypes and predict treatment response. CCK-8 experiments conducted on HCC cells were used to assess the reliability of drug sensitivity prediction. Results: We constructed a prognostic prediction model composed of six genes, and the ROC curve showed good predictive accuracy of the risk model. In addition, two ERG-related subgroups in HCC showed significant differences in tumor immune landscape, immune response, and prognostic stratification. The CCK-8 experiment conducted on HCC cells confirmed the reliability of drug sensitivity prediction. Conclusion: Our study emphasizes the importance of efferocytosis in HCC progression. The risk model based on efferocytosis-related genes developed in our study provides a novel precision medicine approach for HCC patients, allowing clinicians to customize treatment plans based on unique patient characteristics. The results of our investigation carry noteworthy implications for the development of individualized treatment approaches involving immunotherapy and chemotherapy, thereby potentially facilitating the realization of personalized and more efficacious therapeutic interventions for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Huiyan Luo
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- Department of Equipment, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhuang WR, Wang Y, Nie W, Lei Y, Liang C, He J, Zuo L, Huang LL, Xie HY. Bacterial outer membrane vesicle based versatile nanosystem boosts the efferocytosis blockade triggered tumor-specific immunity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1675. [PMID: 36966130 PMCID: PMC10039929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Efferocytosis inhibition is emerging as an attractive strategy for antitumor immune therapy because of the subsequent leak of abundant immunogenic contents. However, the practical efficacy is seriously impeded by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. Here, we construct a versatile nanosystem that can not only inhibit the efferocytosis but also boost the following antitumor immunity. MerTK inhibitor UNC2025 is loaded into the bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are then modified with maleimide (mU@OMVs). The prepared mU@OMVs effectively inhibits the efferocytosis by promoting the uptake while preventing the MerTK phosphorylation of tumor associated macrophages, and then captures the released antigens through forming universal thioether bonds. The obtained in situ vaccine effectively transfers to lymph nodes by virtue of the intrinsic features of OMVs, and then provokes intense immune responses that can efficiently prevent the growth, metastasis and recurrence of tumors in mice, providing a generalizable strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ru Zhuang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Nie
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yao Lei
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi He
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Liping Zuo
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Xie
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yoshida S, Hamada Y, Narita M, Sato D, Tanaka K, Mori T, Tezuka H, Suda Y, Tamura H, Aoki K, Kuzumaki N, Narita M. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying tumor aggravation by the activation of stress-related neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Mol Brain 2023; 16:18. [PMID: 36732798 PMCID: PMC9896675 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that excess stress could aggravate tumor progression. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus plays an important role in the adaptation to stress because the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can be activated by inducing the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the PVN. In this study, we used pharmacogenetic techniques to investigate whether concomitant activation of CRHPVN neurons could directly contribute to tumor progression. Tumor growth was significantly promoted by repeated activation of CRHPVN neurons, which was followed by an increase in the plasma levels of corticosterone. Consistent with these results, chronic administration of glucocorticoids induced tumor progression. Under the concomitant activation of CRHPVN neurons, the number of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment was dramatically decreased, and the mRNA expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit α (HIF1α), glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Tsc22d3 were upregulated in inhibitory lymphocytes, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Furthermore, the mRNA levels of various kinds of driver molecules related to tumor progression and tumor metastasis were prominently elevated in cancer cells by concomitant activation of CRHPVN neurons. These findings suggest that repeated activation of the PVN-CRHergic system may aggravate tumor growth through a central-peripheral-associated tumor immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Yoshida
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XDepartment of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Yusuke Hamada
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XDepartment of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Michiko Narita
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Daisuke Sato
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XDepartment of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Kenichi Tanaka
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XDepartment of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Tomohisa Mori
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XDepartment of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tezuka
- grid.256115.40000 0004 1761 798XDepartment of Cellular Function Analysis, Research Promotion Headquarters, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-Cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
| | - Yukari Suda
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XDepartment of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Hideki Tamura
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XInstitute for Advanced Life Sciences, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XLaboratory of Biofunctional Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan
| | - Kazunori Aoki
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Immune Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Naoko Kuzumaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan. .,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Minoru Narita
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan. .,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang M, Lin Y, Chen R, Yu H, Li Y, Chen M, Dou C, Yin P, Zhang L, Tang P. Ghost messages: cell death signals spread. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:6. [PMID: 36624476 PMCID: PMC9830882 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a mystery in various forms. Whichever type of cell death, this is always accompanied by active or passive molecules release. The recent years marked the renaissance of the study of these molecules showing they can signal to and communicate with recipient cells and regulate physio- or pathological events. This review summarizes the defined forms of messages cells could spread while dying, the effects of these signals on the target tissue/cells, and how these types of communications regulate physio- or pathological processes. By doing so, this review hopes to identify major unresolved questions in the field, formulate new hypothesis worthy of further investigation, and when possible, provide references for the search of novel diagnostic/therapeutics agents. Video abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China ,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lin
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijing Chen
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China ,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haikuan Yu
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China ,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China ,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China ,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ce Dou
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengbin Yin
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China ,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China ,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peifu Tang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China ,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Xu C, Xiao X, Chen Y, Wang X, Liu W, Tan Y, Zhu W, Hu J, Liang J, Yan G, Lin Y, Cai J. Overcoming resistance to oncolytic virus M1 by targeting PI3K-γ in tumor-associated myeloid cells. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3677-3693. [PMID: 35552024 PMCID: PMC9734023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have become a category of promising anticancer immunotherapeutic agents over the last decade. However, the fact that many individuals fail to respond to OVs highlights the importance of defining the barely known immunosuppressive mechanisms that lead to treatment resistance. Here we found that the immunosuppression mediated by tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) directly quenches the antitumor effect of oncolytic virus M1 (OVM). OVM induces myeloid cells to migrate into tumors and strengthens their immunosuppressive phenotypes. Mechanically, tumor cells treated with OVM secrete interleukin-6 (IL-6) to activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-γ/Akt axis in TAMCs, promoting infiltration of TAMCs and aggravating their inhibition on cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes. Pharmacologically targeting PI3K-γ relieves TAMC-mediated immunosuppression and enhances the efficacy of OVM. Additional treatment with immune checkpoint antibodies eradicates multiple refractory solid tumors and induces potent long-term antitumor immune memory. Our findings indicate that OVM functions as a double-edged sword in antitumor immunity and provide insights into the rationale for liberating T cell-mediated antitumor activity by abolishing TAMC-mediated immunosuppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cuiying Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoting Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yinting Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yaqian Tan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiankai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guangmei Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Krysko DV, Demuynck R, Efimova I, Naessens F, Krysko O, Catanzaro E. In Vitro Veritas: From 2D Cultures to Organ-on-a-Chip Models to Study Immunogenic Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cells 2022; 11:3705. [PMID: 36429133 PMCID: PMC9688238 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a functionally unique form of cell death that promotes a T-cell-dependent anti-tumor immune response specific to antigens originating from dying cancer cells. Many anticancer agents and strategies induce ICD, but despite their robust effects in vitro and in vivo on mice, translation into the clinic remains challenging. A major hindrance in antitumor research is the poor predictive ability of classic 2D in vitro models, which do not consider tumor biological complexity, such as the contribution of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which plays a crucial role in immunosuppression and cancer evasion. In this review, we describe different tumor models, from 2D cultures to organ-on-a-chip technology, as well as spheroids and perfusion bioreactors, all of which mimic the different degrees of the TME complexity. Next, we discuss how 3D cell cultures can be applied to study ICD and how to increase the translational potential of the ICD inducers. Finally, novel research directions are provided regarding ICD in the 3D cellular context which may lead to novel immunotherapies for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V. Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia
| | - Robin Demuynck
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Iuliia Efimova
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Faye Naessens
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olga Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia
| | - Elena Catanzaro
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Meng R, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Mou Y, Liu G, Fan H. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 signaling orchestrates immune tolerance in Echinococcus multilocularis-infected mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1032280. [PMID: 36439161 PMCID: PMC9691980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cestode Echinococcus multilocularis larva infection causes lethal zoonotic alveolar echinococcosis (AE), a disease posing a great threat to the public health worldwide. This persistent hepatic tumor-like disease in AE patients has been largely attributed to aberrant T cell responses, of which Th1 responses are impeded, whilst Th2 and regulatory T cell responses are elevated, creating an immune tolerogenic microenvironment in the liver. However, the immune tolerance mechanisms are not fully understood. Dendritic cells (DCs) are key cellular components in facilitating immune tolerance in chronic diseases, including AE. Here, we demonstrate that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1-deficient (IDO1-/-) mice display less severe AE as compared to wild-type (WT) mice during the infection. Mechanistically, IDO1 prevents optimal T cells responses by programming DCs into a tolerogenic state. Specifically, IDO1 prevents the maturation and migration potential of DCs, as shown by the significantly enhanced expression of the antigen-presenting molecule (MHC II), costimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86), and chemokine receptors (CXCR4 and CCR7) in infected IDO1-/- mice as compared to infected wild-type mice. More importantly, the tolerogenic phenotype of DCs is partly reverted in IDO1-/- mice, as indicated by enhanced activation, proliferation, and differentiation of both CD4+ and CD8+ - T cells upon infection with Echinococcus multilocularis, in comparison with WT mice. Interestingly, in absence of IDO1, CD4+ T cells are prone to differentiate to effector memory cells (CD44+CD62L-); in contrast, CD8+ T cells are highly biased to the central memory phenotype (CD44+CD62L+). Overall, these data are the first to demonstrate the essential role of IDO1 signaling in inducing immunosuppression in mice infected with Echinococcus multilocularis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Meng
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), The Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis of Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Academician Zhang Yong Innovation Center, Xining Animal Disease Control Center, Xining, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yaogang Zhang
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yalin Mou
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Gongguan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haining Fan
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), The Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis of Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lang C, Roy S, Wang Y, Graves D, Xu Y, Serezani CH, Korrer M, Kim YJ. Efferocytosis drives myeloid NLRP3 dependent inflammasome signaling secretion of IL-1β to promote tumor growth. Front Immunol 2022; 13:993771. [PMID: 36439171 PMCID: PMC9681818 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase-1 signaling in myeloid suppressor cells can promote T-cell independent cancer progression, but the regulation of inflammasome signaling within the highly heterogeneous myeloid population in the tumor milieu remains elusive. To resolve this complexity, single cell transcriptomic profile of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) identified distinct inflammasome-associated genes within specific clusters of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. Among these myeloid cells, the sensor protein, NLRP3, and downstream effector IL-1β transcripts were enriched in discreet monocytic and macrophage subtypes in the TME. We showed that deletion of NLRP3, but not AIM2, phenocopied caspase-1/IL-1β dependent tumor progression in vivo. Paradoxically, we found myeloid-intrinsic caspase-1 signaling increased myeloid survival contrary to what would be predicted from the canonical pyroptotic function of caspase-1. This myeloid NLRP3/IL-1β signaling axis promotion of tumor growth was found to be gasdermin D independent. Mechanistically, we found that phagocyte-mediated efferocytosis of dying tumor cells in the TME directly activated NLRP3-dependent inflammasome signaling to drive IL-1β secretion. Subsequently we showed that NLRP3-mediated IL-1β production drives tumor growth in vivo. Dynamic RNA velocity analysis showed a robust directional flow from efferocytosis gene-set high macrophages to an inflammasome gene-set high macrophage population. We provide a novel efferocytosis-dependent inflammasome signaling pathway which mediates homeostatic tumor cell apoptosis that characterizes chronic inflammation-induced malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cara Lang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sohini Roy
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Diana Graves
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Yaomin Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - C. Henrique Serezani
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael Korrer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Young J. Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Young J. Kim,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cheng L, Weng B, Jia C, Zhang L, Hu B, Deng L, Mou N, Sun F, Hu J. The expression and significance of efferocytosis and immune checkpoint related molecules in pancancer samples and the correlation of their expression with anticancer drug sensitivity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:977025. [PMID: 36059952 PMCID: PMC9437300 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.977025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The efferocytosis-related molecules have been considered to be correlated with the resistance to cancer chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and significance of efferocytosis-related molecules in cancers and the correlation of their expression with anticancer drug sensitivity, and provide new potential targets and treatment options for cancers.Methods: We investigated the differential expression of 15 efferocytosis-related molecules (Axl, Tyro3, MerTK, CX3CL1, Tim-4, BAI1, Stab2, Gas6, IDO1, Rac1, MFGE8, ICAM-1, CD47, CD31, and PD-L1) and other 12 common immune checkpoint-related molecules in tumor and normal tissues, the correlation between their expression and various clinicopathological features in 16 types of cancers using publicly available pancancer datasets in The Cancer Genome Atlas. We also analyzed the correlation of the expression of efferocytosis and immune checkpoint related molecules with 126 types of anticancer drugs sensitivity using drug-RNA-seq data.Results: There is a panel of circulating molecules among the 27 molecules. Based on the results of differential expression and correlation with various clinicopathological features of efferocytosis-related molecules in cancers, we identified new potential therapeutic targets for anticancer therapy, such as Axl for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, Tyro3 for liver hepatocellular carcinoma, and IDO1 for renal papillary cell carcinoma. Except for BAI1, CD31, and MerTK, the enhanced expressions of Axl, Tyro3, Gas6, MFGE8, Stab2, Tim-4, CX3CL1, IDO1, Rac1, and PD-L1 were associated with decreased sensitivity of the cancer cells to many anti-cancer drugs; however, for other common immune checkpoint-related molecules, only enhanced expressions of PD-1, CD28, CTLA4, and HVEM were associated with decreased sensitivity of the cancer cells to a few drugs.Conclusion: The efferocytosis-related molecules were significantly associated with clinical outcomes in many types of cancers and played important roles in resistance to chemotherapy. Combination therapy targeting efferocytosis-related molecules and other immune checkpoint-related molecules is necessary to reduce resistance to chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jing Hu
- *Correspondence: Fengjun Sun, ; Jing Hu,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang T, Liang N, Li J, Hu P, Huang Q, Zhao Z, Wang Q, Zhang H. MDSCs might be "Achilles heel" for eradicating CSCs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 65:39-50. [PMID: 35595600 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
During tumor initiation and progression, the complicated role of immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment remains a concern. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of immune cells that originate from the bone marrow and have immunosuppressive potency in various diseases, including cancer. In recent years, the key role of cancer stemness has received increasing attention in cancer development and therapy. Several studies have demonstrated the important regulatory relationship between MDSCs and cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, there is still no clear understanding regarding the complex interacting regulation of tumor malignancy, and current research progress is limited. In this review, we summarize the complicated role of MDSCs in the modulation of cancer stemness, evaluate the mechanism of the relationship between CSCs and MDSCs, and discuss potential strategies for eradicating CSCs with respect to MDSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The 75th Group Army Hospital, Dali 671000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Pan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the 920 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese PLA, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The 75th Group Army Hospital, Dali 671000, China
| | - Zifeng Zhao
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Intervention Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wei YT, Wang XR, Yan C, Huang F, Zhang Y, Liu X, Wen ZF, Sun XT, Zhang Y, Chen YQ, Gao R, Pan N, Wang LX. Thymosin α-1 reverses M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages during efferocytosis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1991-2002. [PMID: 35364609 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The immunological effects of chemotherapy-induced tumor cell death are not completely understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that phagocytic clearance of apoptotic tumor cells, also known as efferocytosis, is an immunologically silent process, thus maintaining an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here we report that, in the breast tumor microenvironment, thymosin α-1 (Tα-1) significantly reverses M2 polarization of IL-10-producing tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) during efferocytosis induced by apoptotic cells. Mechanistically, Tα-1, which bound to phosphatidylserine on the surface of apoptotic tumor cells and was internalized by macrophages, triggered the activation of SH2-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) through the lysosomal toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)/MyD88 pathway, subsequently resulting in dephosphorylation of efferocytosis-activated TBK1 and reduction of efferocytosis-induced IL-10. Tα-1 combined with epirubicin chemotherapy markedly suppressed tumor growth in an in vivo breast cancer model by reducing macrophage-derived IL-10 and enhancing the number and function of tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, Tα-1 improved the curative effect of chemotherapy by reversing M2 polarization of efferocytosis-activated macrophages, suggesting that Tα-1 injection immediately after chemotherapy may contribute to highly synergistic anti-tumor effects in breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Wei
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu-Ru Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunguang Yan
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Xueming Liu
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Fa Wen
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Sun
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Rong Gao
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Pan
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liang X, Luo M, Shao B, Yang JY, Tong A, Wang RB, Liu YT, Jun R, Liu T, Yi T, Zhao X, Wei YQ, Wei XW. Phosphatidylserine released from apoptotic cells in tumor induces M2-like macrophage polarization through the PSR-STAT3-JMJD3 axis. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:205-222. [PMID: 35191227 PMCID: PMC8923121 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding how the tumor microenvironment is shaped by various factors is important for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Tumor cells often undergo spontaneous apoptotic cell death in tumor microenvironment, these apoptotic cells are histologically co‐localized with immunosuppressive macrophages. However, the mechanism by which tumor cell apoptosis modulates macrophage polarization is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the tumor promoting effects of apoptotic tumor cells and the signal pathways involved. Methods Apoptotic cells and macrophages in tumors were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Morphological analysis was performed with Giemsa staining. Lipids generated from apoptotic cells were detected by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Phosphatidylserine‐containing liposomes were prepared to mimic apoptotic cells. The expression of protein was determined by real‐time PCR, immunohistochemistry enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. Mouse malignant ascites and subcutaneous tumor models were designed for in vivo analysis. Transgenic mice with specific genes knocked out and inhibitors specific to certain proteins were used for the mechanistic studies. Results The location and the number of apoptotic cells were correlated with that of macrophages in several types of carcinomas. Phosphatidylserine, a lipid molecule generated in apoptotic cells, induced polarization and accumulation of M2‐like macrophages in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, sustained administration of phosphoserine promoted tumor growth in the malignant ascites and subcutaneous tumor models. Further analyses suggested that phosphoserine induced a M2‐like phenotype in macrophages, which was related to the activation of phosphoserine receptors including T‐cell immunoglobin mucin 4 (TIM4) and the FAK‐SRC‐STAT3 signaling pathway as well as elevated the expression of the histone demethylase Jumonji domain‐containing protein 3 (JMJD3). Administration of specific inhibitors of these pathways could reduce tumor progression. Conclusions This study suggest that apoptotic cell‐generated phosphoserine might be a notable signal for immunosuppressive macrophages in tumors, and the related pathways might be potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Min Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Bin Shao
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Yun Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - An Tong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Bo Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Tong Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ren Jun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Quan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xia-Wei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tao N, Li H, Deng L, Zhao S, Ouyang J, Wen M, Chen W, Zeng K, Wei C, Liu YN. A Cascade Nanozyme with Amplified Sonodynamic Therapeutic Effects through Comodulation of Hypoxia and Immunosuppression against Cancer. ACS NANO 2022; 16:485-501. [PMID: 34962762 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) featured by immunosuppression and hypoxia is pivotal to cancer deterioration and metastasis. Thus, regulating the TME to improve cancer cell ablation efficiency has received extensive interest in oncotherapy. However, to reverse the immunosuppression and alleviate hypoxia simultaneously in the TME are major challenges for effective cancer therapy. Herein, a multifunctional platform based on Au nanoparticles and a carbon dots modified hollow black TiO2 nanosphere (HABT-C) with intrinsic cascade enzyme mimetic activities is prepared for reversing immunosuppression and alleviating hypoxia in the TME. The HABT-C NPs possess triple-enzyme mimetic activity to act as self-cascade nanozymes, which produce sufficient oxygen to alleviate hypoxia and generate abundant ROS. The theoretical analysis demonstrates that black TiO2 facilitates absorption of H2O and O2, separation of electron-holes, and generation of ROS, consequently amplifying the sonodynamic therapy (SDT) efficiency. Specifically, HABT-C exhibits favorable inhibition of immunosuppressive mediator expression, along with infiltrating of immune effector cells into the TME and reversing the immunosuppression in the TME. As a result, HABT-C can effectively kill tumor cells via eliciting immune infiltration, alleviating hypoxia, and improving SDT efficiency. This cascade nanozyme-based platform (HABT-C@HA) will provide a strategy for highly efficient SDT against cancer by modulation of hypoxia and immunosuppression in the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Tao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Huihuang Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Liu Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Senfeng Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Jiang Ouyang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Mei Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Wansong Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Ke Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Chuanwan Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - You-Nian Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lin J, Xu A, Jin J, Zhang M, Lou J, Qian C, Zhu J, Wang Y, Yang Z, Li X, Yu W, Liu B, Tao H. MerTK-mediated efferocytosis promotes immune tolerance and tumor progression in osteosarcoma through enhancing M2 polarization and PD-L1 expression. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2024941. [PMID: 35036076 PMCID: PMC8757471 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.2024941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor progress of immunotherapy on osteosarcoma patients requires deeper delineation of immune tolerance mechanisms in the osteosarcoma microenvironment and a new therapeutic strategy. Clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes, a process termed “efferocytosis,” is ubiquitous in tumors and mediates the suppression of innate immune inflammatory response. Considering the massive infiltrated macrophages in osteosarcoma, efferocytosis probably serves as a potential target, but is rarely studied in osteosarcoma. Here, we verified M2 polarization and PD-L1 expression of macrophages following efferocytosis. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown were used to explore the underlying pathway. Moreover, tumor progression and immune landscape were evaluated following inhibition of efferocytosis in osteosarcoma model. Our study indicated that efferocytosis promoted PD-L1 expression and M2 polarization of macrophages. Ëfferocytosis was mediated by MerTK receptor in osteosarcoma and regulated the phenotypes of macrophages through the p38/STAT3 pathway. By establishing the murine osteosarcoma model, we emphasized that inhibition of MerTK suppressed tumor growth and enhanced the T cell cytotoxic function by increasing the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and decreasing their exhaustion. Our findings demonstrate that MerTK-mediated efferocytosis promotes osteosarcoma progression by enhancing M2 polarization of macrophages and PD-L1-induced immune tolerance, which were regulated through the p38/STAT3 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinti Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ankai Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiakang Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianan Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chao Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhengming Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiumao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Huimin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Werfel TA. Assessment of the Immune Response to Tumor Cell Apoptosis and Efferocytosis. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2543:45-55. [PMID: 36087258 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2553-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Apoptotic cells are cleared from the body principally through recognition and engulfment by neighboring phagocytes, a process known as efferocytosis. During efferocytosis, phagocytes are recruited to the site/activated by "find me" signals released from apoptotic cells, precisely identify apoptotic cells by the recognition of "eat me" signals on the apoptotic cell surface, and engulf the apoptotic cells to prevent secondary necrosis and inflammation. Thus, efferocytosis is critical for tissue homeostasis in normal physiology. However, efferocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells-performed by tumor-associated macrophages-suppresses immunity within the tumor microenvironment and limits the antitumor response. This phenomenon is further exacerbated in tumor residual disease because of the high apoptotic cell burden generated by cytotoxic therapies. Blocking efferocytosis could be a powerful approach to boost tumor immunogenicity, particularly as a combination approach with cytotoxic therapies that produce many apoptotic cells, but little is currently known about the immune response to efferocytosis. Moreover, there is a dearth of in vivo models available to study the immunologic and therapeutic consequences of blocking efferocytosis in tumor residual disease.Here, we describe a model that enables in vivo studies of tumor immunology in the aftermath of cytotoxic therapy with an emphasis on the impact of efferocytosis. Orthotopic HER2+ mammary tumors are established in immune-competent mice, followed by a single administration of lapatinib, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of HER2, to the mice that induces widespread, transient apoptosis in the tumor microenvironment. In the days following lapatinib treatment, agents that block efferocytosis such as BMS-777607 are administered. Tissue is collected from cohorts of mice at day 2 (after lapatinib treatment only) to assess apoptosis, day 8 (after lapatinib treatment followed by blockade of efferocytosis) to assess the immune response to apoptosis and efferocytosis, and day 28 (after 4 consecutive weeks of treatment) to assess therapeutic efficacy. This model enables mechanistic studies of tumor immunology in residual disease as well as therapeutic efficacy studies of targeted agents that disrupt efferocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Werfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, MS, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mun H, Townley HE. Mechanism of Action of the Sesquiterpene Compound Helenalin in Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121258. [PMID: 34959659 PMCID: PMC8703838 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most frequent soft tissue sarcoma in paediatric patients. Relapsed or refractory RMS shows very low 5-year survival rates, which urgently necessitates new chemotherapy agents. Herein, the sesquiterpene lactone, helenalin, was investigated as a new potential therapeutic agent against the embryonal RMS (eRMS) and alveolar RMS (aRMS) cells. We have evaluated in vitro antiproliferative efficacy of helenalin on RMS cells by the MTT and wound healing assay, and estimated several cell death pathways by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and immunoblotting. It was shown that helenalin was able to increase reactive oxygen species levels, decrease mitochondrial membrane potential, trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and deactivate the NF-κB pathway. Confirmation was obtained through the use of antagonistic compounds which alleviated the effects of helenalin in the corresponding pathways. Our findings demonstrate that oxidative stress is the pivotal mechanism of action of helenalin in promoting RMS cell death in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hakmin Mun
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
| | - Helen Elizabeth Townley
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-01865283792
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pocaterra A, Catucci M, Mondino A. Adoptive T cell therapy of solid tumors: time to team up with immunogenic chemo/radiotherapy. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 74:53-59. [PMID: 34743069 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-reactive lymphocytes can overcome the immune desert of poorly immunogenic tumors and instruct tumor eradication. Several hurdles limit the efficacy of this strategy against solid tumor including, but not limited to, sub optimal T cell engraftment, tumor infiltration, poor tumor antigenicity/immunogenicity, and immunosuppressive or resistance mechanisms. Recent advances indicate that concomitant treatments can be set in place to offset such barriers. In this review, we highlight the beneficial effects of combining ACT with conventional chemo and/or radiotherapy. While originally classified as immunosuppressive, these methodologies can also promote the engraftment of ACT products, immunogenic cell death, and the reprogramming of more favorable microenvironments. Data indicates that systemic and local chemo/radiotherapy regimens promote intratumoral cytokine and chemokine upregulation, tumor antigen presentation and cross presentation, infiltration and in situ T cells reactivation. Here we review the most recent contributions supporting these notions and discuss further developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pocaterra
- Lymphocyte Activation Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Catucci
- Lymphocyte Activation Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Mondino
- Lymphocyte Activation Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hirschhorn D, Betof Warner A, Maniyar R, Chow A, Mangarin LM, Cohen AD, Hamadene L, Rizzuto GA, Budhu S, Suek N, Liu C, Houghton AN, Merghoub T, Wolchok JD. Cyclophosphamide enhances the antitumor potency of GITR engagement by increasing oligoclonal cytotoxic T cell fitness. JCI Insight 2021; 6:151035. [PMID: 34676831 PMCID: PMC8564916 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Only a subset of cancer patients responds to checkpoint blockade inhibition in the clinic. Strategies to overcome resistance are promising areas of investigation. Targeting glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein (GITR) has shown efficacy in preclinical models, but GITR engagement is ineffective in controlling advanced, poorly immunogenic tumors, such as B16 melanoma, and has not yielded benefit in clinical trials. The alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CTX) depletes regulatory T cells (Tregs), expands tumor-specific effector T cells (Teffs) via homeostatic proliferation, and induces immunogenic cell death. GITR agonism has an inhibitory effect on Tregs and activates Teffs. We therefore hypothesized that CTX and GITR agonism would promote effective antitumor immunity. Here we show that the combination of CTX and GITR agonism controlled tumor growth in clinically relevant mouse models. Mechanistically, we show that the combination therapy caused tumor cell death, clonal expansion of highly active CD8+ T cells, and depletion of Tregs by activation-induced cell death. Control of tumor growth was associated with the presence of an expanded population of highly activated, tumor-infiltrating, oligoclonal CD8+ T cells that led to a diminished TCR repertoire. Our studies show that the combination of CTX and GITR agonism is a rational chemoimmunotherapeutic approach that warrants further clinical investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hirschhorn
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Allison Betof Warner
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rachana Maniyar
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Chow
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Levi Mb Mangarin
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam D Cohen
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and
| | - Linda Hamadene
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Gabrielle A Rizzuto
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sadna Budhu
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Nathan Suek
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Cailian Liu
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Alan N Houghton
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Atorvastatin facilitates chemotherapy effects in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:1285-1298. [PMID: 34462586 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01529-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) is treated mainly with chemotherapy. However, resistance frequently occurs as tumours enter dormancy. Statins have been suggested as effective against cancer but as they prolong and promote dormancy, it is an open question of whether the concomitant use would interfere with chemotherapy in primary and mTNBC. We examined this question in animal models and clinical correlations. METHODS We used a xenograft model of spontaneous metastasis to the liver from an ectopic tumour employing a mTNBC cell line. Atorvastatin was provided to sensitise metastatic cells, followed by chemotherapy. The effects of statin usage on outcomes in women with metastatic breast cancer was assessed respectively by querying a database of those diagnosed from 1999 to 2019. RESULTS Atorvastatin had limited influence on tumour growth or chemotherapy effects in ectopic primary tumours. Interestingly, atorvastatin was additive with doxorubicin (but not paclitaxel) when targeting liver metastases. E-cadherin-expressing, dormant, breast cancer cells were resistant to the use of either statins or chemotherapy as compared to wild-type cells; however, the combination of both did lead to increased cell death. Although prospective randomised studies are needed for validation, our retrospective clinical analysis suggested that patients on statin treatment could experience prolonged dormancy and overall survival; still once the tumour recurred progression was not affected by statin use. CONCLUSION Atorvastatin could be used during adjuvant chemotherapy and also in conjunction with metastatic chemotherapy to reduce mTNBC cancer progression. These preclinical data establish a rationale for the development of randomised studies.
Collapse
|
34
|
Wu Q, Zhang W, Wang Y, Min Q, Zhang H, Dong D, Zhan Q. MAGE-C3 promotes cancer metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immunosuppression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:1354-1372. [PMID: 34347390 PMCID: PMC8696229 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evading immune surveillance is necessary for tumor metastasis. Thus, there is an urgent need to better understand the interaction between metastasis and mechanisms of tumor immune evasion. In this study, we aimed to clarify a novel mechanism that link tumor metastasis and immunosuppression in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods The expression of melanoma‐associated antigen C3 (MAGE‐C3) was detected using immunohistochemistry. Transwell assays were used to evaluate the migration and invasion ability of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Metastasis assays in mice were used to evaluate metastatic ability in vivo. Lymphocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity assays were performed to visualize the immune suppression function on tumor cells. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes between MAGE‐C3 overexpressing ESCC cells and control cells. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses was performed to identify the most altered pathways influenced by MAGE‐C3. The activation of the interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) pathway was analyzed using Western blotting, GAS luciferase reporter assays, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. The role of MAGE‐C3 in the IFN‐γ pathway was determined by Western blotting and immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis monitored the changes of infiltrated T cell populations in murine lung metastases. Results MAGE‐C3 was overexpressed in ESCC tissues. High expression of MAGE‐C3 had a significant association with the risk of lymphatic metastasis and poor survival in patients with ESCC. Functional experiments revealed that MAGE‐C3 promoted tumor metastasis by activating the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). MAGE‐C3 repressed antitumor immunity and regulated cytokine secretion of T cells, implying an immunosuppressive function. Mechanistically, MAGE‐C3 facilitated IFN‐γ signaling and upregulated programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1) by binding with IFN‐γ receptor 1 (IFNGR1) and strengthening the interaction between IFNGR1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). Interestingly, MAGE‐C3 displayed higher tumorigenesis in immune‐competent mice than in immune‐deficient nude mice, confirming the immunosuppressive role of MAGE‐C3. Furthermore, mice bearing MAGE‐C3‐overexpressing tumors showed worse survival and more lung metastases with decreased CD8+ infiltrated T cells and increased programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1)+CD8+ infiltrated T cells. Conclusion MAGE‐C3 enhances tumor metastasis through promoting EMT and protecting tumors from immune surveillance, and could be a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingnan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China.,Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China.,Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| | - Qingjie Min
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| | - Hongyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| | - Dezuo Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, P. R. China.,Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lu T, Zhang L, Chen M, Zheng X, Jiang K, Zheng X, Li C, Xiao W, Miao Q, Yang S, Lin G. Intrapulmonic Cavity or Necrosis on Baseline CT Scan Serves as an Efficacy Predictor of Anti-PD-(L)1 Inhibitor in Advanced Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:5931-5939. [PMID: 34354375 PMCID: PMC8331205 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s319480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Predictive markers for guidance and monitoring of immunotherapy in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) are an interesting topic but have yet to be fully explored. A primary characteristic of LSCC is tumor necrosis that results in extensive immune suppression in patients. We sought to assess whether tumor necrosis or cavity on baseline CT could effectively predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced LSCC. Methods Advanced LSCC cases undergoing pre-treatment chest CT imaging and receiving ICIs were retrospectively collected. All CT images were reviewed by an independent chest radiologist blinded to any previous diagnosis to confirm morphological alterations in necrosis or cavity. We performed Logistic regression and developed Cox proportional hazards models to assess the predictive performance of baseline necrosis or cavity characteristics in advanced LSCC. Survival estimates were observed using Kaplan–Meier curves. Results Ninety-three patients were eligible for analysis, predominantly consisting of patients with ECOG performance status of 0 or 1 (97.8%), male patients (95.7%), and heavy smokers (92.5%). Intrapulmonic necrosis or cavity on CT scan was present in 52.7% of all patients. Generally, the objective response rate (ORR) in patients with necrosis or cavity to ICI treatment was significantly worse versus those without (30.6% vs 54.5%, p = 0.020), with the subgroup ORRs as follows: ICI monotherapy (necrosis vs non-necrosis: 10.0% vs 36.8%, p =0.047) and ICI combination therapy (44.8% vs 68.0%, p =0.088). Multivariable analysis identified intrapulmonic necrosis or cavity at baseline as a major risk factor for advanced LSCC (HR 4.042, 95% CI1.149–10.908, p = 0.006). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that baseline necrosis or cavity and ICI monotherapy were unfavorable factors for progression-free survival (HR 1.729; 95% CI1.203–2.484, p =0.003). Conclusion LSCC patients with intrapulmonic cavity or necrosis on baseline CT scan may respond poorly to anti-PD-(L)1-treatment, monotherapy and combination therapy alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Longfeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqiu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlong Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijin Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Lin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shokooh Saremi S, Nikpoor AR, Sadri K, Mehrabian A, Karimi M, Mansouri A, Jafari MR, Badiee A. Development of a stable and high loaded liposomal formulation of lapatinib with enhanced therapeutic effects for breast cancer in combination with Caelyx®: In vitro and in vivo evaluations. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:112012. [PMID: 34352656 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lapatinib, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has poor water solubility, which results in poor and incomplete absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. To overcome this obstacle, we designed a stable and high-loaded liposomal formulation encapsulating lapatinib and examined its therapeutic efficacy in vitro and in vivo on TUBO and 4T1 cell lines. We also assessed the impact of liposomal lapatinib on the extent of the tumor and spleen-infiltrating lymphocytes and the autophagy and apoptosis gene expression within the tumor site. Our results showed that liposomal lapatinib inhibits cell proliferation and significantly induces autophagy and apoptosis compared to control groups. Moreover, when it used in combination with liposomal doxorubicin, it extended the time to end from 22.4 ± 3.5 in the control group to 40 days in the TUBO cell line and from 29.2 ± 1.7 to 38.6 ± 2.2 days in 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer cell line, which reveals its promising effects on the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Our results indicated the need for further evaluations to understand liposomal lapatinib's potential effects on autophagy, apoptosis, and particularly on immune system cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shokooh Saremi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Reza Nikpoor
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Kayvan Sadri
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Mehrabian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Maryam Karimi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Atena Mansouri
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Badiee
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tajbakhsh A, Gheibi Hayat SM, Movahedpour A, Savardashtaki A, Loveless R, Barreto GE, Teng Y, Sahebkar A. The complex roles of efferocytosis in cancer development, metastasis, and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111776. [PMID: 34062411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
When tumor cells are killed by targeted therapy, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, they trigger their primary tumor by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Microenvironmental interactions can also promote tumor heterogeneity and development. In this line, several immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, including macrophages, dendritic cells, regulatory T-cells, and CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, are involved in the clearance of apoptotic tumor cells through a process called efferocytosis. Although the efficiency of apoptotic tumor cell efferocytosis is positive under physiological conditions, there are controversies regarding its usefulness in treatment-induced apoptotic tumor cells (ATCs). Efferocytosis can show the limitation of cytotoxic treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Since cytotoxic treatments lead to extensive cell mortality, efferocytosis, and macrophage polarization toward an M2 phenotype, the immune response may get involved in tumor recurrence and metastasis. Tumor cells can use the anti-inflammatory effect of apoptotic tumor cell efferocytosis to induce an immunosuppressive condition that is tumor-tolerant. Since M2 polarization and efferocytosis are tumor-promoting processes, the receptors on macrophages act as potential targets for cancer therapy. Moreover, researchers have shown that efferocytosis-related molecules/pathways are potential targets for cancer therapy. These include phosphatidylserine and calreticulin, Tyro3, Axl, and Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK), receptors of tyrosine kinase, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1, annexin V, CD47, TGF-β, IL-10, and macrophage phenotype switch are combined with conventional therapy, which can be more effective in cancer treatment. Thus, we set out to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of efferocytosis in treatment-induced apoptotic tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibi Hayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Reid Loveless
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Medical Laboratory, Imaging and Radiologic Sciences, College of Allied Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Unfried JP, Sangro P, Prats-Mari L, Sangro B, Fortes P. The Landscape of lncRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Translational Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2651. [PMID: 34071216 PMCID: PMC8197910 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs are emerging as relevant regulators of multiple cellular processes involved in cell physiology as well as in the development and progression of human diseases, most notably, cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prominent cause of cancer-related death worldwide due to the high prevalence of causative factors, usual cirrhotic status of the tumor-harboring livers and the suboptimal benefit of locoregional and systemic therapies. Despite huge progress in the molecular characterization of HCC, no oncogenic loop addiction has been identified and most genetic alterations remain non-druggable, underscoring the importance of advancing research in novel approaches for HCC treatment. In this context, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) appear as potentially useful targets as they often exhibit high tumor- and tissue-specific expression and many studies have reported an outstanding dysregulation of lncRNAs in HCC. However, there is a limited perspective of the potential role that deregulated lncRNAs may play in HCC progression and aggressiveness or the mechanisms and therapeutic implications behind such effects. In this review, we offer a clarifying landscape of current efforts to evaluate lncRNA potential as therapeutic targets in HCC using evidence from preclinical models as well as from recent studies on novel oncogenic pathways that show lncRNA-dependency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Unfried
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Universidad de Navarra (UNAV), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.-M.); (P.F.)
| | - Paloma Sangro
- Liver Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CUN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Laura Prats-Mari
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Universidad de Navarra (UNAV), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.-M.); (P.F.)
| | - Bruno Sangro
- Liver Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CUN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Puri Fortes
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Universidad de Navarra (UNAV), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.-M.); (P.F.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen X, Lan H, He D, Wang Z, Xu R, Yuan J, Xiao M, Zhang Y, Gong L, Xiao S, Cao K. Analysis of Autophagy-Related Signatures Identified Two Distinct Subtypes for Evaluating the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Predicting Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:616133. [PMID: 34041016 PMCID: PMC8141647 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.616133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignant tumors. The interaction between autophagy and the tumor immune microenvironment has clinical importance. Hence, it is necessary to explore reliable biomarkers associated with autophagy-related genes (ARGs) for risk stratification in OC. Here, we obtained ARGs from the MSigDB database and downloaded the expression profile of OC from TCGA database. The k-means unsupervised clustering method was used for clustering, and two subclasses of OC (cluster A and cluster B) were identified. SsGSEA method was used to quantify the levels of infiltration of 24 subtypes of immune cells. Metascape and GSEA were performed to reveal the differential gene enrichment in signaling pathways and cellular processes of the subtypes. We found that patients in cluster A were significantly associated with higher immune infiltration and immune-associated signaling pathways. Then, we established a risk model by LASSO Cox regression. ROC analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis were applied for evaluating the efficiency of the risk signature, patients with low-risk got better outcomes than those with high-risk in overall survival. Finally, ULK2 and GABARAPL1 expression was further validated in clinical samples. In conclusion, Our study constructed an autophagy-related prognostic indicator, and identified two promising targets in OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dong He
- The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhanwang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Runshi Xu
- Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengqing Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lian Gong
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songshu Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jin J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Fu S, Wu J. Coordinated regulation of immune contexture: crosstalk between STAT3 and immune cells during breast cancer progression. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:50. [PMID: 33957948 PMCID: PMC8101191 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cancer development have revealed the tumor microenvironment (TME) immune cells to functionally affect the development and progression of breast cancer. However, insufficient evidence of TME immune modulators limit the clinical application of immunotherapy for advanced and metastatic breast cancers. Intercellular STAT3 activation of immune cells plays a central role in breast cancer TME immunosuppression and distant metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that targeting STAT3 and/or in combination with radiotherapy may enhance anti-cancer immune responses and rescue the systemic immunologic microenvironment in breast cancer. Indeed, apart from its oncogenic role in tumor cells, the functions of STAT3 in TME of breast cancer involve multiple types of immunosuppression and is associated with tumor cell metastasis. In this review, we summarize the available information on the functions of STAT3-related immune cells in TME of breast cancer, as well as the specific upstream and downstream targets. Additionally, we provide insights about the potential immunosuppression mechanisms of each type of evaluated immune cells. Video abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging (CEMI), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - JingBo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tang K, Wu YH, Song Y, Yu B. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors in clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:68. [PMID: 33883013 PMCID: PMC8061021 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a heme enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of L-tryptophan. Functionally, IDO1 has played a pivotal role in cancer immune escape via catalyzing the initial step of the kynurenine pathway, and overexpression of IDO1 is also associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. Currently, several small-molecule candidates and peptide vaccines are currently being assessed in clinical trials. Furthermore, the "proteolysis targeting chimera" (PROTAC) technology has also been successfully used in the development of IDO1 degraders, providing novel therapeutics for cancers. Herein, we review the biological functions of IDO1, structural biology and also extensively summarize medicinal chemistry strategies for the development of IDO1 inhibitors in clinical trials. The emerging PROTAC-based IDO1 degraders are also highlighted. This review may provide a comprehensive and updated overview on IDO1 inhibitors and their therapeutic potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ya-Hong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yihui Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rückert M, Deloch L, Frey B, Schlücker E, Fietkau R, Gaipl US. Combinations of Radiotherapy with Vaccination and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Differently Affect Primary and Abscopal Tumor Growth and the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040714. [PMID: 33572437 PMCID: PMC7916259 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is known to have immune-modulatory properties. We hypothesized that RT and inactivated whole tumor cell vaccines generated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) synergize to retard the tumor growth which can be additionally improved with anti-PD-1 treatment. In abscopal tumor models, we injected mice with B16-F10 melanoma or TS/A mammary tumors. To evaluate the efficiency of RT in combination with HHP vaccines, we locally irradiated only one tumor with 2 × 8 Gy or 3 × 8 Gy. HHP vaccines further retarded the growth of locally irradiated (2 × 8 Gy) tumors. However, HHP vaccination combined with RT failed to induce abscopal anti-tumor immune responses, namely those to non-irradiated tumors, and even partly abrogated those which were induced with RT plus anti-PD-1. In the latter group, the abscopal effects were accompanied by an elevated infiltration of CD8+ T cells, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells. 3 × 8 Gy failed to induce abscopal effects in association with increased expression of immunosuppressive checkpoint molecules compared to 2 × 8 Gy. We conclude that HHP vaccines induce anti-tumor effects, but only if the tumor microenvironment was previously modulated by hypofractionated RT with not too many fractions, but failed to improve RT plus anti-PD-induced abscopal responses that are characterized by distinct immune alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rückert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Lisa Deloch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Eberhard Schlücker
- Institute of Process Machinery and Systems Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Udo S. Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.R.); (L.D.); (B.F.); (R.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)9131-85-44258
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yao Y, Liang H, Fang X, Zhang S, Xing Z, Shi L, Kuang C, Seliger B, Yang Q. What is the prospect of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibition in cancer? Extrapolation from the past. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:60. [PMID: 33557876 PMCID: PMC7869231 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01847-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a monomeric heme-containing enzyme, catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, which plays an important role in immunity and neuronal function. Its implication in different pathophysiologic processes including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases has inspired the development of IDO1 inhibitors in the past decades. However, the negative results of the phase III clinical trial of the would-be first-in-class IDO1 inhibitor (epacadostat) in combination with an anti-PD1 antibody (pembrolizumab) in patients with advanced malignant melanoma call for a better understanding of the role of IDO1 inhibition. In this review, the current status of the clinical development of IDO1 inhibitors will be introduced and the key pre-clinical and clinical data of epacadostat will be summarized. Moreover, based on the cautionary notes obtained from the clinical readout of epacadostat, strategies for the identification of reliable predictive biomarkers and pharmacodynamic markers as well as for the selection of the tumor types to be treated with IDO1inhibitors will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Zikang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiang Kuang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kwon M, Jung H, Nam GH, Kim IS. The right Timing, right combination, right sequence, and right delivery for Cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2021; 331:321-334. [PMID: 33434599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy (CI) represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) presents a new paradigm for cancer treatment. However, the types of cancer that attain a therapeutic benefit from ICIs are limited, and the efficacy of these treatments does not meet expectations. To date, research on ICIs has mainly focused on identifying biomarkers and patient characteristics that can enhance the therapeutic effect on tumors. However, studies on combinational strategies for CI are being actively conducted to overcome the resistance to ICI treatment. Moreover, it has been confirmed that dramatic anticancer effects are achieved through "neoadjuvant" immunotherapy with ICIs in treatment-naïve cancer patients; consequently, it has become necessary to consider how to best apply cancer immunotherapies for patients, even with respect to their tumor stages. In this review, we sought to discuss the right timing of ICI treatment in consideration of the progression of cancer with a changing tumor-immune microenvironment. Furthermore, we investigated which types of combinational treatments and their corresponding sequences of administration could optimize the therapeutic effect of ICIs to expand the applicable target of ICIs and increase their therapeutic efficacy. Finally, we discussed several delivery pathways and methods that can maximize the effect of ICIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Kwon
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hanul Jung
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hoon Nam
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-San Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rios-Doria J, Favata M, Lasky K, Feldman P, Lo Y, Yang G, Stevens C, Wen X, Sehra S, Katiyar K, Liu K, Wynn R, Harris JJ, Ye M, Spitz S, Wang X, He C, Li YL, Yao W, Covington M, Scherle P, Koblish H. A Potent and Selective Dual Inhibitor of AXL and MERTK Possesses Both Immunomodulatory and Tumor-Targeted Activity. Front Oncol 2020; 10:598477. [PMID: 33425754 PMCID: PMC7793849 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.598477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK constitute the TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which play important roles in tumor growth, survival, cell adhesion, as well as innate immunity, phagocytosis, and immune-suppressive activity. Therefore, targeting both AXL and MERTK kinases may directly impact tumor growth and relieve immunosuppression. We describe here the discovery of INCB081776, a potent and selective dual inhibitor of AXL and MERTK that is currently in phase 1 clinical trials. In cellular assays, INCB081776 effectively blocked autophosphorylation of AXL or MERTK with low nanomolar half maximal inhibitory concentration values in tumor cells and Ba/F3 cells transfected with constitutively active AXL or MERTK. INCB081776 inhibited activation of MERTK in primary human macrophages and partially reversed M2 macrophage–mediated suppression of T-cell proliferation, which was associated with increased interferon-γ production. In vivo, the antitumor activity of INCB081776 was enhanced in combination with checkpoint blockade in syngeneic models, and resulted in increased proliferation of intratumoral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Finally, antitumor activity of INCB081776 was observed in a subset of sarcoma patient–derived xenograft models, which was linked with inhibition of phospho-AKT. These data support the potential therapeutic utility of INCB081776 as an immunotherapeutic agent capable of both enhancing tumor immune surveillance and blocking tumor cell survival mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kerri Lasky
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | | | - Yvonne Lo
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Gengjie Yang
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | | | - Xiaoming Wen
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Sarita Sehra
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Kamna Katiyar
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Ke Liu
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Richard Wynn
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | | | - Min Ye
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Susan Spitz
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Xiaozhao Wang
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Chunhong He
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Yun-Long Li
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Wenqing Yao
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | | | - Peggy Scherle
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Holly Koblish
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, DE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pesce S, Trabanelli S, Di Vito C, Greppi M, Obino V, Guolo F, Minetto P, Bozzo M, Calvi M, Zaghi E, Candiani S, Lemoli RM, Jandus C, Mavilio D, Marcenaro E. Cancer Immunotherapy by Blocking Immune Checkpoints on Innate Lymphocytes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123504. [PMID: 33255582 PMCID: PMC7760325 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints refer to a plethora of inhibitory pathways of the immune system that play a crucial role in maintaining self-tolerance and in tuning the duration and amplitude of physiological immune responses to minimize collateral tissue damages. The breakdown of this delicate balance leads to pathological conditions, including cancer. Indeed, tumor cells can develop multiple mechanisms to escape from immune system defense, including the activation of immune checkpoint pathways. The development of monoclonal antibodies, targeting inhibitory immune checkpoints, has provided an immense breakthrough in cancer therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), initially developed to reverse functional exhaustion in T cells, recently emerged as important actors in natural killer (NK)-cell-based immunotherapy. Moreover, the discovery that also helper innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) express inhibitory immune checkpoints, suggests that these molecules might be targeted on ILCs, to modulate their functions in the tumor microenvironment. Recently, other strategies to achieve immune checkpoint blockade have been developed, including miRNA exploiting systems. Herein, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on inhibitory immune checkpoints on NK cells and ILCs and we discuss how to target these innate lymphocytes by ICI in both solid tumors and hematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pesce
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.P.); (M.G.); (V.O.)
| | - Sara Trabanelli
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (S.T.); (C.J.)
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, CH-1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clara Di Vito
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; (C.D.V.); (M.C.); (E.Z.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Greppi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.P.); (M.G.); (V.O.)
| | - Valentina Obino
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.P.); (M.G.); (V.O.)
| | - Fabio Guolo
- Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.G.); (P.M.); (R.M.L.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Minetto
- Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.G.); (P.M.); (R.M.L.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Bozzo
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Michela Calvi
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; (C.D.V.); (M.C.); (E.Z.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Zaghi
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; (C.D.V.); (M.C.); (E.Z.); (D.M.)
| | - Simona Candiani
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Roberto Massimo Lemoli
- Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.G.); (P.M.); (R.M.L.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (S.T.); (C.J.)
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, CH-1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; (C.D.V.); (M.C.); (E.Z.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.P.); (M.G.); (V.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0103357888
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Shofolawe-Bakare OT, Stokes LD, Hossain M, Smith AE, Werfel TA. Immunostimulatory biomaterials to boost tumor immunogenicity. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5516-5537. [PMID: 33049007 PMCID: PMC7837217 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01183e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is exhibiting great promise as a new therapeutic modality for cancer treatment. However, immunotherapies are limited by the inability of some tumors to provoke an immune response. These tumors with a 'cold' immunological phenotype are characterized by low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, high numbers of immunosuppressive leukocytes (e.g. regulatory T cells, tumor-associated macrophages), and high production of immune-dampening signals (e.g. IL-10, TGF-β, IDO-1). Strategies to boost the aptitude of tumors to initiate an immune response (i.e. boost tumor immunogenicity) will turn 'cold' tumors 'hot' and augment the anti-tumor efficacy of current immunotherapies. Approaches to boost tumor immunogenicity already show promise; however, multifaceted delivery and immunobiology challenges exist. For instance, systemic delivery of many immune-stimulating agents causes off-target toxicity and/or the development of autoimmunity, limiting the administrable dose below the threshold needed to achieve efficacy. Moreover, once administered in vivo, molecules such as the nucleic acid-based agonists for many pattern recognition receptors are either rapidly cleared or degraded, and don't efficiently traffic to the intracellular compartments where the receptors are located. Thus, these nucleic acid-based drugs are ineffective without a delivery system. Biomaterials-based approaches aim to enhance current strategies to boost tumor immunogenicity, enable novel strategies, and spare dose-limiting toxicities. Here, we review recent progress to improve cancer immunotherapies by boosting immunogenicity within tumors using immunostimulatory biomaterials.
Collapse
|
48
|
Kavvadas E. Autoantibodies specific for C1q, C3b, β2-glycoprotein 1 and annexins may amplify complement activity and reduce apoptosis-mediated immune suppression. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110286. [PMID: 33254588 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neoplastic cells hijack cell death pathways to evade the immune response. Phosphatidylserine, a marker of apoptotic cells, and its highly conserved bridging proteins, annexins and β2-glycoprotein I, facilitate the efficient removal of apoptotic and necrotic cells via tumor-associated phagocytes in a process called efferocytosis. Efferocytosis results in the clearance of dead and dying cells and local immune suppression. Neoplastic cells also have an increased capacity to activate complement. Complement may facilitate the silent removal of tumor cells and has a dual role in promoting and inhibiting tumor growth. Here I hypothesize that immune response-generating IgG autoantibodies that recognize opsonizing fragments C1q, C3b, and phosphatidylserine-binding proteins (annexins, β2-glycoprotein I) may reduce tumor growth. I propose that these autoantibodies induce a pro-inflammatory, cytotoxic tumor microenvironment. Further, I predict that autoantibodies can drive neoplastic cell phagocytosis in an Fc receptor-dependent manner and recruit additional complement, resulting in immune-stimulatory effects. Excessive complement activation and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity may stimulate anti-tumor responses, including damage to tumor vasculature. Here I provide insights that may aid the development of more effective therapeutic modalities to control cancer. Such therapeutic approaches should kill neoplastic cells and target their interaction with host immune cells. Thereby the pro-tumorigenic effect of dead cancer cells could be limited while inducing the anti-tumor potential of tumor-associated phagocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Kavvadas
- 417 General Military Hospital NIMTS - Pathology Department, Monis Petraki 12, Postal Code: 11521, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Postic G, Marcoux J, Reys V, Andreani J, Vandenbrouck Y, Bousquet MP, Mouton-Barbosa E, Cianférani S, Burlet-Schiltz O, Guerois R, Labesse G, Tufféry P. Probing Protein Interaction Networks by Combining MS-Based Proteomics and Structural Data Integration. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:2807-2820. [PMID: 32338910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions play a major role in the molecular machinery of life, and various techniques such as AP-MS are dedicated to their identification. However, those techniques return lists of proteins devoid of organizational structure, not detailing which proteins interact with which others. Proposing a hierarchical view of the interactions between the members of the flat list becomes highly tedious for large data sets when done by hand. To help hierarchize this data, we introduce a new bioinformatics protocol that integrates information of the multimeric protein 3D structures available in the Protein Data Bank using remote homology detection, as well as information related to Short Linear Motifs and interaction data from the BioGRID. We illustrate on two unrelated use-cases of different complexity how our approach can be useful to decipher the network of interactions hidden in the list of input proteins, and how it provides added value compared to state-of-the-art resources such as Interactome3D or STRING. Particularly, we show the added value of using homology detection to distinguish between orthologs and paralogs, and to distinguish between core obligate and more facultative interactions. We also demonstrate the potential of considering interactions occurring through Short Linear Motifs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Postic
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, ERL U1133, Inserm, RPBS, 75013 Paris, France.,Institut Français de Bioinformatique (IFB), UMS 3601-CNRS, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Julien Marcoux
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Victor Reys
- CBS, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Jessica Andreani
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yves Vandenbrouck
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, IRIG-BGE, U1038, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Bousquet
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuelle Mouton-Barbosa
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Raphael Guerois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gilles Labesse
- CBS, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Tufféry
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, ERL U1133, Inserm, RPBS, 75013 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhou Y, Yao Y, Deng Y, Shao A. Regulation of efferocytosis as a novel cancer therapy. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:71. [PMID: 32370748 PMCID: PMC7199874 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Efferocytosis is a physiologic phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells, which modulates inflammatory responses and the immune environment and subsequently facilitates immune escape of cancer cells, thus promoting tumor development and progression. Efferocytosis is an equilibrium formed by perfect coordination among “find-me”, “eat-me” and “don’t-eat-me” signals. These signaling pathways not only affect the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumor cells but also regulate adaptive responses and drug resistance to antitumor therapies. Therefore, efferocytosis-related molecules and pathways are potential targets for antitumor therapy. Besides, supplementing conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other immunotherapies with efferocytosis-targeted therapy could enhance the therapeutic efficacy, reduce off-target toxicity, and promote patient outcome. Video abstract
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihan Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongchuan Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|