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Grywalska E, Mielnik M, Podgajna M, Hymos A, Ludian J, Rolińska A, Gosik K, Kwaśniewski W, Sosnowska-Pasiarska B, Smok-Kalwat J, Pasiarski M, Stelmach-Gołdyś A, Góźdź S, Roliński J. Expression of CTLA-4 and CD86 Antigens and Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia-Any Link with Known Prognostic Factors? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030672. [PMID: 35158937 PMCID: PMC8833759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) accounts for one-third of all leukemias. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has the ability to transform B-cells into cancer cells. A history of EBV infection increases the chances of acquiring CLL and it worsens the prognosis in CLL. We tried to assess whether EBV affects the course of CLL by deregulating the CTLA-4/CD86 pathway. The expression of CTLA-4 and CD86 on immune cells in patients with CLL has been evaluated and linked to indicators of EBV infection and clinical outcomes. Our studies have shown that anergy, which is expressed by inhibition through the interaction of CTLA-4 and CD86, is an important mechanism leading to the inhibition of the antitumor response and CLL progression. Abstract Infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) worsens the prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but the underlying mechanisms are not yet established. We intended to assess whether EBV affects the course of CLL by the deregulation of the CTLA-4/CD86 signaling pathway. We used polymerase chain reaction to measure the load of EBV DNA in the blood of 110 newly diagnosed patients with CLL. The expression of CTLA-4 and CD86 antigen on lymphocytes was assessed with flow cytometry. Additionally, CTLA-4 and CD86 serum concentrations were measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Fifty-four percent of the patients had detectable EBV DNA [EBV(+)]. In EBV(+) patients the CTLA-4 and CD86 serum concentrations and their expressions on investigated cell populations were significantly higher than in EBV(−) patients. EBV load correlated positively with unfavorable prognostic markers of CLL and the expression of CTLA-4 on CD3+ lymphocytes (r = 0.5339; p = 0.027) and CD86 on CD19+ cells (r = 0.6950; p < 0.001). During a median follow-up period of 32 months EBV(+) patients were more likely to require treatment or have lymphocyte doubling (p < 0.001). Among EBV(+) but not EBV(−) patients, increased expressions of CTLA-4 lymphocytes were associated with elevated risks of progression. We propose that EBV coinfection may worsen prognosis in CLL patients, partly due to EBV-induced up-regulation of CTLA-4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.G.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (J.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Michał Mielnik
- Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-608-033-811
| | - Martyna Podgajna
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.G.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (J.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Anna Hymos
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.G.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (J.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Jarosław Ludian
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.G.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (J.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Rolińska
- Department of Applied Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Gosik
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.G.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (J.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Wojciech Kwaśniewski
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | | | - Jolanta Smok-Kalwat
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (J.S.-K.); (S.G.)
| | - Marcin Pasiarski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (M.P.); (A.S.-G.)
- Department of Hematology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Stelmach-Gołdyś
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (M.P.); (A.S.-G.)
- Department of Hematology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (J.S.-K.); (S.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University, 25-516 Kielce, Poland
| | - Jacek Roliński
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Huang W, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Ji J. Use of dipyridamole is associated with lower risk of lymphoid neoplasms: a propensity score-matched cohort study. Br J Haematol 2021; 196:690-699. [PMID: 34553368 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The anti-cancer potential of dipyridamole has been suggested from experiments, but evidence from population-based studies is still lacking. We aimed to explore if dipyridamole use was related to a lower risk of lymphoid neoplasms. We identified individuals with prescription of aspirin after diagnosis of ischaemic cerebrovascular disease since 2006 by linking several Swedish registers. In these aspirin users, those with dipyridamole prescription were further identified as the study group and patients without dipyridamole were randomly selected as reference group with 1:1 ratio using a propensity score-matching approach. After a median of 6·67 years of follow-up, a total of 46 patients with dipyridamole use developed lymphoid neoplasms with an incidence rate of 0·49 per 1 000 person-years, while the rate in the matched group was 0·74 per 1 000 person-years. As compared to non-users, dipyridamole users were associated with a significantly decreased risk of lymphoid neoplasms [hazard ratio (HR) = 0·65; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0·43-0·98]. Specifically, the reduced risk was observed for non-Hodgkin lymphomas (HR = 0·64; 95% CI = 0·42-0·94), especially B-cell lymphomas (HR = 0·56; 95% CI = 0·35-0·88). Dipyridamole use was related to a lower risk of lymphoid neoplasms, indicating a clinical potential of dipyridamole to be an adjunct anti-tumour agent against lymphoid neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuqing Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Functional Pathology, Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Functional Pathology, Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Jianguang Ji
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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3
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Chen X, Chen J, Liao S, Cao Y. Invasive ductal carcinoma and small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia manifesting as a collision breast tumor: A case report and literature review. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:867-871. [PMID: 34522780 PMCID: PMC8402943 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Collision breast tumors, consisting of breast cancer (BC) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), are extremely rare. Here we report the case of a 64-year-old woman with a collision tumor in her left breast mass that was composed of invasive ductal carcinoma and small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In addition, we reviewed the published comparable English-language literature. Collision breast tumor composed of BC and NHL is extremely rare. For that reason, there is a lack of consensus about the underlying mechanism, and diagnosing it without delay remains a complex clinical challenge. We found that post-menopausal, age-related estrogen levels changes and Epstein-Barr virus infection are possible pathogenic factors. However, the symptoms are almost identical, and it is difficult to distinguish a simple breast tumor from a breast collision tumor. In this study, we reviewed the clinical features of all patients with BC and NHL colliding breast tumors; this information might enable early identification and prevention of misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Chen
- Department of Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianli Chen
- The Third Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sihai Liao
- Department of Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuwen Cao
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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4
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Gamaleldin MA, Ghallab OM, Nadwan EA, Abo Elwafa RA. PD-1 and PD-L1 gene expressions and their association with Epstein-Barr virus infection in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2309-2322. [PMID: 34120295 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The PD-1 (programmed cell death-1) receptor is expressed on the surface of activated T cells. Its ligand, programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), is expressed on the surface of dendritic cells or macrophages. The PD-1/PD-L1 interaction ensures prevention of autoimmunity by activating the immune system only when needed. In cancers, PD-L1 expressed on the tumour cells binds to PD-1 receptors on the activated T cells, leading to inhibition of the cytotoxic T cells and immunosuppression. PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is upregulated in EBV infection that is known to worsen the CLL prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to study the association between PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions, EBV status and the CLL prognosis. METHODS AND PATIENTS The study was conducted on 80 newly diagnosed CLL patients and 80 controls. We analyzed PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions and EBV-DNA load by real-time PCR. The cytogenetic abnormalities and expression of ZAP70 and CD38 were detected by FISH and Flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS PD-1/PD-L1 expressions were significantly upregulated in CLL patients compared to controls. In addition, their mRNA levels were significantly higher in EBV( +) versus EBV( -) patients. High expression of PD-1/PD-L1 was associated with poor prognostic markers (RAI stages of CLL, del 17p13, ZAP70, and CD38 expression), failure of complete remission, shorter progression-free survival, and overall survival. CONCLUSION High expression of PD-1 and PD-L1, together with high EBD-DNA load were linked to worse prognosis in CLL. In addition, PD-1 and PD-L1 might represent suitable therapeutic targets for patients suffering from aggressive CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Gamaleldin
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - O M Ghallab
- Internal Medicine Department (Hematology Unit), Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - E A Nadwan
- Internal Medicine Department (Hematology Unit), Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - R A Abo Elwafa
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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5
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Grywalska E, Pasiarski M, Sosnowska-Pasiarska B, Macek P, Rolińska A, Samardakiewicz M, Ludian J, Góźdź S, Roliński J. Programmed cell death 1 expression and Epstein-Barr virus infection in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a prospective cohort study. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7605-7618. [PMID: 31496815 PMCID: PMC6700397 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s212069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Infection with Epstein-Bar virus (EBV) is associated with an unfavourable prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We aimed to establish whether EBV worsens the course of CLL by up-regulating the programmed cell death 1 expression. Patients and methods Using polymerase chain reaction, we measured EBV DNA in the blood of 110 newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve patients with CLL. We used flow cytometry to measure the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death protein 1 ligand (PD-L1) on CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+ cells. Additionally, PD-1 and PD-L1 serum concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We related the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 to EBV DNA load and clinical outcomes. Results Fifty-nine (54%) patients had detectable EBV DNA [EBV(+)], and these patients had more advanced disease at baseline than the rest. PD-1 and PD-L1 serum concentrations and their expressions on all cell populations were higher in EBV(+) than EBV(-) patients. EBV load correlated positively with unfavourable clinical markers of CLL and the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on CD4+ and CD8+ cells (rho =0.42-0.75; p<0.001). EBV(+) patients had increased risks of treatment initiation and lymphocyte doubling during a median follow-up period of 32 months (p<0.001). Among EBV(+), but not EBV(-), patients, higher expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 on CD4+ and CD8+ cells were associated with higher risks of treatment initiation and lymphocyte doubling (p≤0.020). Conclusion EBV-induced up-regulation of PD-1-PD-L1 expression is associated with worse outcomes in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Pasiarski
- Department of Hematology, Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Kielce, Poland.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Macek
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rolińska
- Department of Applied Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Jarosław Ludian
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.,Department of Oncology, Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jacek Roliński
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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6
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Bassig BA, Willhauck-Fleckenstein M, Shu XO, Koh WP, Gao YT, Purdue MP, Xiang YB, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Brenner N, Waterboer T, Michel A, Ji BT, Hosgood HD, Rabkin CS, Yang G, Wong JYY, Zhang J, Hu W, Seow WJ, Chow WH, Pawlita M, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Lan Q, Rothman N. Serologic markers of viral infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A pooled study of three prospective cohorts in China and Singapore. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:570-579. [PMID: 29574937 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Incidence rates of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and distributions of certain viruses differ between East Asian and Western populations. There are limited data on associations between serologic markers of multiple viral infections in pre-diagnostic blood and NHL risk in East Asians. We conducted a nested case-control study of 214 NHL cases and 214 matched controls from three population-based prospective cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore. Antibodies against antigens from herpesviruses, Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus and polyomaviruses were measured in plasma or serum using fluorescent bead-based multiplex assays. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between antibody levels and NHL risk. An increased risk of NHL was observed for higher compared to lower EA-D (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.04, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.10-3.81; ptrend = 0.005) and ZEBRA (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.96-4.89; ptrend = 0.008) Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) antibodies, as well as for antibody seropositivity against the IE1A human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) antigen (OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.04-3.29). An increased NHL risk was also observed for higher compared to lower antibodies against the HBV-HBc and HBe antigens. An increased risk of NHL in relation to EBV and HBV infection in East Asians is consistent with findings in several studies of Western populations, suggesting similar viral risk factors for NHL in these diverse populations with distinct patterns of NHL. The association between HHV-6 antibodies and NHL has not previously been reported in a prospective study in this population and will require replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Martina Willhauck-Fleckenstein
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nicole Brenner
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Michel
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Charles S Rabkin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
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Maxim LD, Utell MJ. Review of refractory ceramic fiber (RCF) toxicity, epidemiology and occupational exposure. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:49-71. [PMID: 29564943 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1448019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This literature review on refractory ceramic fibers (RCF) summarizes relevant information on manufacturing, processing, applications, occupational exposure, toxicology and epidemiology studies. Rodent toxicology studies conducted in the 1980s showed that RCF caused fibrosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma. Interpretation of these studies was difficult for various reasons (e.g. overload in chronic inhalation bioassays), but spurred the development of a comprehensive product stewardship program under EPA and later OSHA oversight. Epidemiology studies (both morbidity and mortality) were undertaken to learn more about possible health effects resulting from occupational exposure. No chronic animal bioassay studies on RCF have been conducted since the 1980s. The results of the ongoing epidemiology studies confirm that occupational exposure to RCF is associated with the development of pleural plaques and minor decrements in lung function, but no interstitial fibrosis or incremental lung cancer. Evidence supporting a finding that urinary tumors are associated with RCF exposure remains, but is weaker. One reported, but unconfirmed, mesothelioma was found in an individual with prior occupational asbestos exposure. An elevated SMR for leukemia was found, but was absent in the highly exposed group and has not been observed in studies of other mineral fibers. The industry will continue the product stewardship program including the mortality study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Daniel Maxim
- a Everest Consulting Associates , West Windsor , NJ , USA
| | - Mark J Utell
- b University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester , NY , USA
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8
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Visco C, Falisi E, Young KH, Pascarella M, Perbellini O, Carli G, Novella E, Rossi D, Giaretta I, Cavallini C, Scupoli MT, De Rossi A, D'Amore ESG, Rassu M, Gaidano G, Pizzolo G, Ambrosetti A, Rodeghiero F. Epstein-Barr virus DNA load in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an independent predictor of clinical course and survival. Oncotarget 2016; 6:18653-63. [PMID: 26087198 PMCID: PMC4621917 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The relation between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load and clinical course of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is unknown. We assessed EBV DNA load by quantitative PCR at CLL presentation in mononuclear cells (MNC) of 220 prospective patients that were enrolled and followed-up in two major Institutions. In 20 patients EBV DNA load was also assessed on plasma samples. Forty-one age-matched healthy subjects were tested for EBV DNA load on MNC. Findings were validated in an independent retrospective cohort of 112 patients with CLL. EBV DNA load was detectable in 59%, and high (≥2000 copies/µg DNA) in 19% of patients, but it was negative in plasma samples. EBV DNA load was significantly higher in CLL patients than in healthy subjects (P < .0001). No relation was found between high EBV load and clinical stage or biological variables, except for 11q deletion (P = .004), CD38 expression (P = .003), and NOTCH1 mutations (P = .05). High EBV load led to a 3.14-fold increase in the hazard ratio of death and to a shorter overall survival (OS; P = .001). Poor OS was attributable, at least in part, to shorter time-to-first-treatment (P = .0008), with no higher risk of Richter's transformation or second cancer. Multivariate analysis selected high levels of EBV load as independent predictor of OS after controlling for confounding clinical and biological variables. EBV DNA load at presentation is an independent predictor of OS in patients with CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Visco
- Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Erika Falisi
- Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Omar Perbellini
- Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carli
- Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Novella
- Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Davide Rossi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Giaretta
- Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavallini
- Research Center LURM (University Laboratory of Medical Research), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Scupoli
- Research Center LURM (University Laboratory of Medical Research), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anita De Rossi
- Section of Oncology and Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Istituto Oncologico Veneto(IOV)-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mario Rassu
- Department of Microbiology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pizzolo
- Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Achille Ambrosetti
- Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Haddouche M, Meziane W, Hadjidj Z, Mesli N, Aribi M. Clinical association of baseline levels of conjugated dienes in low-density lipoprotein and nitric oxide with aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and their relationship with immunoglobulins and Th1-to-Th2 ratio. J Blood Med 2016; 7:111-9. [PMID: 27330333 PMCID: PMC4898418 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s103967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to highlight the clinical association of baseline levels of conjugated dienes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL-BCD) and nitric oxide (NO) with immunoglobulins (Igs) and T helper (Th)1/Th2 ratio in patients with newly diagnosed B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Patients and methods Thirty-two newly diagnosed patients with aggressive B-cell NHL and 25 age-, sex-, and body-mass-index-matched healthy controls were randomly selected for a cross-sectional case–control study conducted at the Hematology Department of Tlemcen Medical Centre University (northwest of Algeria). Results Circulating levels of LDL-BCD and NO and those of IgA and IgM were significantly higher in patients than in controls. The levels of Th1/Th2 ratio and plasma total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in patients compared with controls, while malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels were significantly higher in patients. B-cell NHL was significantly associated with high levels of LDL-BCD from 25th to 75th percentile (25th percentile: relative risk [RR] =2.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42–3.59, P=0.014; 50th percentile: RR =2.84, 95% CI 1.72–4.68, P<0.001; 75th percentile: RR =5.43, 95% CI 2.58–11.42, P<0.001). Similarly, the disease was significantly associated with high levels of NO production from 25th to 75th percentile (25th percentile: RR =2.07, 95% CI 1.25–3.44, P=0.024; 50th percentile: RR =2.78, 95% CI 1.63–4.72, P<0.001; 75th percentile: RR =4.68, 95% CI 2.21–9.91, P<0.001). Moreover, LDL-BCD levels were positively and significantly correlated with interferon (IFN)-γ, whereas NO levels were inversely and significantly correlated with IFN-γ and Th1/Th2 ratio. Conclusion LDL-BCD and NO production seem to be associated with aggressive B-cell NHL and alteration of Th1/Th2 ratio. Our results have to be examined using ex vivo mechanistic studies leading to further investigations of these parameters, with an interest in the link between Epstein–Barr virus infection and NO and immunoglobulins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Haddouche
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria; Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Warda Meziane
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria; Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Zeyneb Hadjidj
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria; Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Naima Mesli
- Hematology Department, Tlemcen Medical Centre University, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Mourad Aribi
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria; Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
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10
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Chien SH, Liu CJ, Hong YC, Teng CJ, Hu YW, Ku FC, Yeh CM, Chiou TJ, Gau JP, Tzeng CH. Development of second primary malignancy in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a nationwide population-based study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 141:1995-2004. [PMID: 25971624 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-1979-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the improved survival of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients, development of second primary malignancy (SPM) has become an increasingly important issue in these long-term survivors. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study to analyze NHL patients diagnosed between January 1997 and December 2010 in Taiwan. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were applied to compare the risk of SPMs in NHL patients and the general population. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors of SPM. RESULT NHL patients have a significantly greater risk of developing SPM [SIR 1.43; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.32-1.55; p < 0.001). A significantly high SIR was noted for leukemia, myeloma, and neoplasms of the bone and soft tissue, thyroid, central nervous system, skin, stomach, head and neck, liver and biliary tract, and the lungs and mediastinum. Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥60 years [hazard ratios (HR) 2.04], being male (HR 1.22), comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 1.34), liver cirrhosis (HR 1.50), hepatitis C infection (HR 1.94) and therapy containing radiotherapy (HR 1.38) were the significant predictors for SPM occurrence. The median follow-up time and survival time were 3.37 and 9.45 years, respectively. CONCLUSION This Taiwanese population-based study provides updated data about the risk of SPM in NHL patients, demonstrating an approximately 1.5 time greater risk of SPM compared to the general population. A high risk of SPM for myeloma and hepatocellular carcinoma is unique to Asian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hsuan Chien
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201 Shipai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jen Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201 Shipai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chung Hong
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jen Teng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Hu
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Chen Ku
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Mei Yeh
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzeon-Jye Chiou
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Pyng Gau
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201 Shipai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Hwai Tzeng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201 Shipai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Casabonne D, Benavente Y, Robles C, Costas L, Alonso E, Gonzalez-Barca E, Tardón A, Dierssen-Sotos T, Vázquez EG, Aymerich M, Campo E, Castaño-Vinyals G, Aragones N, Pollan M, Kogevinas M, Juwana H, Middeldorp J, de Sanjose S. Aberrant Epstein-Barr virus antibody patterns and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a Spanish multicentric case-control study. Infect Agent Cancer 2015; 10:5. [PMID: 25972916 PMCID: PMC4429596 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-10-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancies harbour distinct serological responses to EBV antigens. We hypothesized that EBV serological patterns can be useful to identify different stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Methods Information on 150 cases with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and 157 frequency-matched (by age, sex and region) population-based controls from a Spanish multicentre case-control study was obtained. EBV immunoglobulin G serostatus was evaluated through a peptide-based ELISA and further by immunoblot analysis to EBV early antigens (EA), nuclear antigen (EBNA1), VCA-p18, VCA-p40 and Zebra. Two independent individuals categorized the serological patterns of the western blot analysis. Patients with very high response and diversity in EBV-specific polypeptides, in particular with clear responses to EA-associated proteins, were categorized as having an abnormal reactive pattern (ab_EBV). Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using logistic regression models. Results Almost all subjects were EBV-IgG positive (>95% of cases and controls) whereas ab_EBV patterns were detected in 23% of cases (N = 34) and 11% of controls (N = 17; OR: 2.44, 95% CI, 1.29 to 4.62; P = 0.006), particularly in intermediate/high risk patients. Although based on small numbers, the association was modified by smoking with a gradual reduction of ab_EBV-related OR for all Rai stages from never smokers to current smokers. Conclusions Highly distinct EBV antibody diversity patterns revealed by immunoblot analysis were detected in cases compared to controls, detectable at very early stages of the disease and particularly among non smokers. This study provides further evidence of an abnormal immunological response against EBV in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1750-9378-10-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Casabonne
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2°; 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Benavente
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2°; 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Robles
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2°; 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Costas
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2°; 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Alonso
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Gonzalez-Barca
- Hematology, L' Hospitalet de Llobregat, IDIBELL, Institut Català d' Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias
| | - Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria- IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Marta Aymerich
- Hematopathology Unit, Pathology Department, Hospital Clínic and University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elias Campo
- Hematopathology Unit, Pathology Department, Hospital Clínic and University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain ; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain ; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragones
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain ; National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain ; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) of Hierro, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Marina Pollan
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain ; National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain ; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) of Hierro, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain ; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain ; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain ; National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Hedy Juwana
- Department Pathology, VU University medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Middeldorp
- Department Pathology, VU University medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia de Sanjose
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2°; 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Coghill AE, Hildesheim A. Epstein-Barr virus antibodies and the risk of associated malignancies: review of the literature. Am J Epidemiol 2014; 180:687-95. [PMID: 25167864 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous herpes virus that infects 90% of humans by adulthood, is linked to the development of various cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric cancer, Burkitt lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and Hodgkin lymphoma. We reviewed the literature published since 1980 regarding an association between antibodies against EBV proteins and the risk of EBV-associated malignancies. Immunoglobulin A antibody levels that are elevated before diagnosis have consistently been associated with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and patients with Hodgkin lymphoma have significantly higher immunoglobulin G antibody levels than disease-free controls. However, the link between the immune response to EBV and other EBV-associated malignancies was less clear. Although evidence of an association between the risk of Burkitt lymphoma and immunoglobulin G antibodies was consistent for available studies, the sample sizes were limited. Evidence for a link between antibodies against EBV and risk of either gastric cancer or NHL was inconsistent. Future investigations should account for tumor EBV status because only 7%-10% of gastric tumors and select NHL subtypes are related to EBV infection. Comparing differences in the associations between the humoral immune response to EBV and disease risk across cancers may help elucidate how this ubiquitous virus contributes to distinct tumors globally.
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13
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Teras LR, Rollison DE, Pawlita M, Michel A, Brozy J, de Sanjose S, Blase JL, Gapstur SM. Epstein-Barr virus and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the cancer prevention study-II and a meta-analysis of serologic studies. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:108-16. [PMID: 24831943 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes rare, malignant lymphomas. The role of EBV in other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) remains unclear, but mildly reduced immune function could lead to reactivation of EBV and subsequent NHL. We examined the association between prospectively-collected plasma EBV antibodies and NHL risk in the Cancer Prevention Study-II (CPS-II) Nutrition Cohort and conducted a meta-analysis of our and published results. The CPS-II study included 225 NHL cases and 2:1 matched controls. No associations were observed between EBV serostatus or antibody levels and risk of NHL overall. However, when including only the three most common types of NHL (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma), high compared to low early antigen (EA-D) diffuse and BZLF1-encoded replication activator antibodies were associated with approximately 60% higher risk of NHL. Odds ratios (ORs) for EBV nuclear antigen-1 and viral capsid antigen (VCA)-p18 were elevated but not statistically significant. In the meta-analysis, both EA (summary OR = 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16-2.00) and VCA (summary OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.00-1.44) were positively associated with NHL risk. These results suggest EBV may be associated with a wider spectrum of NHL subtypes, but further study is needed to confirm and fully understand these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R Teras
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
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14
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Lim U, Kocarnik JM, Bush WS, Matise TC, Caberto C, Park SL, Carlson CS, Deelman E, Duggan D, Fesinmeyer M, Haiman CA, Henderson BE, Hindorff LA, Kolonel LN, Peters U, Stram DO, Tiirikainen M, Wilkens LR, Wu C, Kooperberg C, Le Marchand L. Pleiotropy of cancer susceptibility variants on the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the PAGE consortium. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89791. [PMID: 24598796 PMCID: PMC3943855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is higher among individuals with a family history or a prior diagnosis of other cancers. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have suggested that some genetic susceptibility variants are associated with multiple complex traits (pleiotropy). OBJECTIVE We investigated whether common risk variants identified in cancer GWAS may also increase the risk of developing NHL as the first primary cancer. METHODS As part of the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) consortium, 113 cancer risk variants were analyzed in 1,441 NHL cases and 24,183 controls from three studies (BioVU, Multiethnic Cohort Study, Women's Health Initiative) for their association with the risk of overall NHL and common subtypes [diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL)] using an additive genetic model adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity. Study-specific results for each variant were meta-analyzed across studies. RESULTS The analysis of NHL subtype-specific GWAS SNPs and overall NHL suggested a shared genetic susceptibility between FL and DLBCL, particularly involving variants in the major histocompatibility complex region (rs6457327 in 6p21.33: FL OR=1.29, p=0.013; DLBCL OR=1.23, p=0.013; NHL OR=1.22, p=5.9 × E-05). In the pleiotropy analysis, six risk variants for other cancers were associated with NHL risk, including variants for lung (rs401681 in TERT: OR per C allele=0.89, p=3.7 × E-03; rs4975616 in TERT: OR per A allele=0.90, p=0.01; rs3131379 in MSH5: OR per T allele=1.16, p=0.03), prostate (rs7679673 in TET2: OR per C allele=0.89, p=5.7 × E-03; rs10993994 in MSMB: OR per T allele=1.09, p=0.04), and breast (rs3817198 in LSP1: OR per C allele=1.12, p=0.01) cancers, but none of these associations remained significant after multiple test correction. CONCLUSION This study does not support strong pleiotropic effects of non-NHL cancer risk variants in NHL etiology; however, larger studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unhee Lim
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Jonathan M. Kocarnik
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - William S. Bush
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Tara C. Matise
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Christian Caberto
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Sungshim Lani Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher S. Carlson
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ewa Deelman
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - David Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Megan Fesinmeyer
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Brian E. Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lucia A. Hindorff
- Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Laurence N. Kolonel
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Daniel O. Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Maarit Tiirikainen
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Chunyuan Wu
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
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