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Zeng W, Liu H, Mao Y, Jiang S, Yi H, Zhang Z, Wang M, Zong Z. Myeloid‑derived suppressor cells: Key immunosuppressive regulators and therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 65:85. [PMID: 39054950 PMCID: PMC11299769 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer. CRC has no apparent symptoms in the early stages of disease, and most patients receive a confirmed diagnosis in the middle or late disease stages. The incidence of CRC continues to increase, and the affected population tends to be younger. Therefore, determining how to achieve an early CRC diagnosis and treatment has become a top priority for prolonging patient survival. Myeloid‑derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of bone marrow‑derived immuno‑negative regulatory cells that are divided into two subpopulations, polymorphonuclear‑MDSCs and monocytic‑MDSCs, based on their phenotypic similarities to neutrophils and monocytes, respectively. These cells can inhibit the immune response and promote cancer cell metastasis in the tumour microenvironment (TME). A large aggregation of MDSCs in the TME is often a marker of cancer and a poor prognosis in inflammatory diseases of the intestine (such as colonic adenoma and ulcerative colitis). In the present review, the phenotypic classification of MDSCs in the CRC microenvironment are first discussed. Then, the amplification, role and metastatic mechanism of MDSCs in the CRC TME are described, focusing on genes, gene modifications, proteins and the intestinal microenvironment. Finally, the progress in CRC‑targeted therapies that aim to modulate the quantity, function and structure of MDSCs are summarized in the hope of identifying potential screening markers for CRC and improving CRC prognosis and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- HuanKui Academy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Haohan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhao Mao
- Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shihao Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hao Yi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zitong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- HuanKui Academy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Menghui Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- HuanKui Academy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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2
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Lin H, Liu C, Hu A, Zhang D, Yang H, Mao Y. Understanding the immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioma: mechanistic insights and clinical perspectives. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:31. [PMID: 38720342 PMCID: PMC11077829 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the predominant and primary malignant intracranial tumor, poses a formidable challenge due to its immunosuppressive microenvironment, thereby confounding conventional therapeutic interventions. Despite the established treatment regimen comprising surgical intervention, radiotherapy, temozolomide administration, and the exploration of emerging modalities such as immunotherapy and integration of medicine and engineering technology therapy, the efficacy of these approaches remains constrained, resulting in suboptimal prognostic outcomes. In recent years, intensive scrutiny of the inhibitory and immunosuppressive milieu within GBM has underscored the significance of cellular constituents of the GBM microenvironment and their interactions with malignant cells and neurons. Novel immune and targeted therapy strategies have emerged, offering promising avenues for advancing GBM treatment. One pivotal mechanism orchestrating immunosuppression in GBM involves the aggregation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), glioma-associated macrophage/microglia (GAM), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Among these, MDSCs, though constituting a minority (4-8%) of CD45+ cells in GBM, play a central component in fostering immune evasion and propelling tumor progression, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. MDSCs deploy intricate immunosuppressive mechanisms that adapt to the dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME). Understanding the interplay between GBM and MDSCs provides a compelling basis for therapeutic interventions. This review seeks to elucidate the immune regulatory mechanisms inherent in the GBM microenvironment, explore existing therapeutic targets, and consolidate recent insights into MDSC induction and their contribution to GBM immunosuppression. Additionally, the review comprehensively surveys ongoing clinical trials and potential treatment strategies, envisioning a future where targeting MDSCs could reshape the immune landscape of GBM. Through the synergistic integration of immunotherapy with other therapeutic modalities, this approach can establish a multidisciplinary, multi-target paradigm, ultimately improving the prognosis and quality of life in patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaxian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ankang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanwu Zhang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Bergerud KMB, Berkseth M, Pardoll DM, Ganguly S, Kleinberg LR, Lawrence J, Odde DJ, Largaespada DA, Terezakis SA, Sloan L. Radiation Therapy and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Breaking Down Their Cancerous Partnership. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:42-55. [PMID: 38042450 PMCID: PMC11082936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) has been a primary treatment modality in cancer for decades. Increasing evidence suggests that RT can induce an immunosuppressive shift via upregulation of cells such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). MDSCs inhibit antitumor immunity through potent immunosuppressive mechanisms and have the potential to be crucial tools for cancer prognosis and treatment. MDSCs interact with many different pathways, desensitizing tumor tissue and interacting with tumor cells to promote therapeutic resistance. Vascular damage induced by RT triggers an inflammatory signaling cascade and potentiates hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RT can also drastically modify cytokine and chemokine signaling in the TME to promote the accumulation of MDSCs. RT activation of the cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway recruits MDSCs through a CCR2-mediated mechanism, inhibiting the production of type 1 interferons and hampering antitumor activity and immune surveillance in the TME. The upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor mobilizes MDSCs to the TME. After recruitment, MDSCs promote immunosuppression by releasing reactive oxygen species and upregulating nitric oxide production through inducible nitric oxide synthase expression to inhibit cytotoxic activity. Overexpression of arginase-1 on subsets of MDSCs degrades L-arginine and downregulates CD3ζ, inhibiting T-cell receptor reactivity. This review explains how radiation promotes tumor resistance through activation of immunosuppressive MDSCs in the TME and discusses current research targeting MDSCs, which could serve as a promising clinical treatment strategy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Berkseth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Drew M Pardoll
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sudipto Ganguly
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lawrence R Kleinberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jessica Lawrence
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - David J Odde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - David A Largaespada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Lindsey Sloan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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4
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Chaffey LE, Roberti A, Bowman A, O'Brien CJ, Som L, Purvis GS, Greaves DR. Drug repurposing screen identifies novel anti-inflammatory activity of sunitinib in macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176437. [PMID: 38417608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is a driver of human disease and an unmet clinical need exists for new anti-inflammatory medicines. As a key cell type in both acute and chronic inflammatory pathologies, macrophages are an appealing therapeutic target for anti-inflammatory medicines. Drug repurposing - the use of existing medicines for novel indications - is an attractive strategy for the identification of new anti-inflammatory medicines with reduced development costs and lower failure rates than de novo drug discovery. In this study, FDA-approved medicines were screened in a murine macrophage NF-κB reporter cell line to identify potential anti-inflammatory drug repurposing candidates. The multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib was found to be a potent inhibitor of NF-κB activity and suppressor of inflammatory mediator production in murine bone marrow derived macrophages. Furthermore, oral treatment with sunitinib in mice was found to reduce TNFα production, inflammatory gene expression and organ damage in a model of endotoxemia via inhibition of NF-κB. Finally, we revealed sunitinib to have immunomodulatory effects in a model of chronic cardiovascular inflammation by reducing circulating TNFα. This study validates drug repurposing as a strategy for the identification of novel anti-inflammatory medicines and highlights sunitinib as a potential drug repurposing candidate for inflammatory disease via inhibition of NF-κB signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Chaffey
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxfordshire, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Annabell Roberti
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxfordshire, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Bowman
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxfordshire, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Conan Jo O'Brien
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxfordshire, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Liliana Som
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxfordshire, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Sd Purvis
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxfordshire, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - David R Greaves
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxfordshire, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom.
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5
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Cheng Y, Song Z, Fang X, Tang Z. Polycomb repressive complex 2 and its core component EZH2: potential targeted therapeutic strategies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:54. [PMID: 38600608 PMCID: PMC11007890 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01666-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The polycomb group (PcG) comprises a set of proteins that exert epigenetic regulatory effects and play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, ranging from pluripotency and development to carcinogenesis. Among these proteins, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) stands out as a catalytic component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which plays a role in regulating the expression of homologous (Hox) genes and initial stages of x chromosome inactivation. In numerous human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), EZH2 is frequently overexpressed or activated and has been identified as a negative prognostic factor. Notably, EZH2 emerges as a significant gene involved in regulating the STAT3/HOTAIR axis, influencing HNSCC proliferation, differentiation, and promoting metastasis by modulating related oncogenes in oral cancer. Currently, various small molecule compounds have been developed as inhibitors specifically targeting EZH2 and have gained approval for treating refractory tumors. In this review, we delve into the epigenetic regulation mediated by EZH2/PRC2 in HNSCC, with a specific focus on exploring the potential roles and mechanisms of EZH2, its crucial contribution to targeted drug therapy, and its association with cancer markers and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, we aim to unravel its potential as a therapeutic strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Cheng
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengzheng Song
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaodan Fang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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6
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Lynce F, Mainor C, Donahue RN, Geng X, Jones G, Schlam I, Wang H, Toney NJ, Jochems C, Schlom J, Zeck J, Gallagher C, Nanda R, Graham D, Stringer-Reasor EM, Denduluri N, Collins J, Chitalia A, Tiwari S, Nunes R, Kaltman R, Khoury K, Gatti-Mays M, Tarantino P, Tolaney SM, Swain SM, Pohlmann P, Parsons HA, Isaacs C. Adjuvant nivolumab, capecitabine or the combination in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer: the OXEL randomized phase II study. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2691. [PMID: 38538574 PMCID: PMC10973408 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46961-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have a role in the post-neoadjuvant setting in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the effects of nivolumab, a checkpoint inhibitor, capecitabine, or the combination in changing peripheral immunoscore (PIS) remains unclear. This open-label randomized phase II OXEL study (NCT03487666) aimed to assess the immunologic effects of nivolumab, capecitabine, or the combination in terms of the change in PIS (primary endpoint). Secondary endpoints included the presence of ctDNA, toxicity, clinical outcomes at 2-years and association of ctDNA and PIS with clinical outcomes. Forty-five women with TNBC and residual invasive disease after standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy were randomized to nivolumab, capecitabine, or the combination. Here we show that a combination of nivolumab plus capecitabine leads to a greater increase in PIS from baseline to week 6 (91%) compared with nivolumab (47%) or capecitabine (53%) alone (log-rank p = 0.08), meeting the pre-specified primary endpoint. In addition, the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is associated with disease recurrence, with no new safety signals in the combination arm. Our results provide efficacy and safety data on this combination in TNBC and support further development of PIS and ctDNA analyses to identify patients at high risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Lynce
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Candace Mainor
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Renee N Donahue
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xue Geng
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Ilana Schlam
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nicole J Toney
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Jochems
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay Zeck
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Deena Graham
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Julie Collins
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- AstraZeneca, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Ami Chitalia
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shruti Tiwari
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raquel Nunes
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
- AstraZeneca, Arlington, VA, USA
| | | | - Katia Khoury
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Paolo Tarantino
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara M Tolaney
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paula Pohlmann
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Heather A Parsons
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Ding G, Yu H, Jin J, Qiao X, Ma J, Zhang T, Cheng X. Reciprocal relationship between cancer stem cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells: implications for tumor progression and therapeutic strategies. Future Oncol 2024; 20:215-228. [PMID: 38390682 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increased focus on cancer stem cells (CSCs) due to their resilience, making them difficult to eradicate. This resilience often leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis. CSCs adeptly manipulate their surroundings to create an environment conducive to their survival. In this environment, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a crucial role in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and bolstering CSCs' stemness. In response, CSCs attract MDSCs, enhancing their infiltration, expansion and immunosuppressive capabilities. This interaction between CSCs and MDSCs increases the difficulty of antitumor therapy. In this paper, we discuss the interplay between CSCs and MDSCs based on current research and highlight recent therapeutic strategies targeting either CSCs or MDSCs that show promise in achieving effective antitumor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqing Ding
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Jason Jin
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xi Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Jinyun Ma
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
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Wang L, Si W, Yu X, Piffko A, Dou X, Ding X, Bugno J, Yang K, Wen C, Zhang L, Chen D, Huang X, Wang J, Arina A, Pitroda S, Chmura SJ, He C, Liang HL, Weichselbaum R. Epitranscriptional regulation of TGF-β pseudoreceptor BAMBI by m6A/YTHDF2 drives extrinsic radioresistance. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e172919. [PMID: 38099498 PMCID: PMC10721150 DOI: 10.1172/jci172919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of TGF-β signaling serves as an extrinsic resistance mechanism that limits the potential for radiotherapy. Bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) antagonizes TGF-β signaling and is implicated in cancer progression. However, the molecular mechanisms of BAMBI regulation in immune cells and its impact on antitumor immunity after radiation have not been established. Here, we show that ionizing radiation (IR) specifically reduces BAMBI expression in immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in both murine models and humans. Mechanistically, YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA-binding protein F2 (YTHDF2) directly binds and degrades Bambi transcripts in an N6-methyladenosine-dependent (m6A-dependent) manner, and this relies on NF-κB signaling. BAMBI suppresses the tumor-infiltrating capacity and suppression function of MDSCs via inhibiting TGF-β signaling. Adeno-associated viral delivery of Bambi (AAV-Bambi) to the tumor microenvironment boosts the antitumor effects of radiotherapy and radioimmunotherapy combinations. Intriguingly, combination of AAV-Bambi and IR not only improves local tumor control, but also suppresses distant metastasis, further supporting its clinical translation potential. Our findings uncover a surprising role of BAMBI in myeloid cells, unveiling a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming extrinsic radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wei Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianbin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andras Piffko
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xiaoyang Dou
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xingchen Ding
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jason Bugno
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- The Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics and
| | - Kaiting Yang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chuangyu Wen
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Linda Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jiaai Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ainhoa Arina
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sean Pitroda
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hua Laura Liang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ralph Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Lynce F, Mainor C, Donahue RN, Geng X, Jones G, Schlam I, Wang H, Toney NJ, Jochems C, Schlom J, Zeck J, Gallagher C, Nanda R, Graham D, Stringer-Reasor EM, Denduluri N, Collins J, Chitalia A, Tiwari S, Nunes R, Kaltman R, Khoury K, Gatti-Mays M, Tarantino P, Tolaney SM, Swain SM, Pohlmann P, Parsons HA, Isaacs C. Adjuvant nivolumab, capecitabine or the combination in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer: the OXEL randomized phase II study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.04.23297559. [PMID: 38105958 PMCID: PMC10723519 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.04.23297559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have a role in the post-neoadjuvant setting in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the effects of nivolumab, a checkpoint inhibitor, capecitabine, or the combination in changing peripheral immunoscore (PIS) remains unclear. This open-label randomized phase II OXEL study (NCT03487666) aimed to assess the immunologic effects of nivolumab, capecitabine, or the combination in terms of the change in PIS (primary endpoint). Secondary endpoints include the presence of ctDNA, toxicity, clinical outcomes at 2-years and association of ctDNA and PIS with clinical outcomes. Forty-five women with TNBC and residual invasive disease after standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy were randomized to nivolumab, capecitabine, or the combination. Here we show that a combination of nivolumab plus capecitabine leads to a greater increase in PIS from baseline to week 6 (91%) compared with nivolumab (47%) or capecitabine (53%) alone (log-rank p = 0.08), meeting the pre-specified primary endpoint. In addition, the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was associated with disease recurrence, with no new safety signals in the combination arm. Our results provide efficacy and safety data on this combination in TNBC and support further development of PIS and ctDNA analyses to identify patients at high risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Lynce
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Candace Mainor
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Renee N. Donahue
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xue Geng
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Greg Jones
- NeoGenomics, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ilana Schlam
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nicole J. Toney
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Jochems
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay Zeck
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Deena Graham
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Julie Collins
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ami Chitalia
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shruti Tiwari
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raquel Nunes
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Katia Khoury
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Paolo Tarantino
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara M. Tolaney
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paula Pohlmann
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Heather A. Parsons
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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10
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Ren R, Xiong C, Ma R, Wang Y, Yue T, Yu J, Shao B. The recent progress of myeloid-derived suppressor cell and its targeted therapies in cancers. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e323. [PMID: 37547175 PMCID: PMC10397484 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an immature group of myeloid-derived cells generated from myeloid cell precursors in the bone marrow. MDSCs appear almost exclusively in pathological conditions, such as tumor progression and various inflammatory diseases. The leading function of MDSCs is their immunosuppressive ability, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis through their immunosuppressive effects. Since MDSCs have specific molecular features, and only a tiny amount exists in physiological conditions, MDSC-targeted therapy has become a promising research direction for tumor treatment with minimal side effects. In this review, we briefly introduce the classification, generation and maturation process, and features of MDSCs, and detail their functions under various circumstances. The present review specifically demonstrates the environmental specificity of MDSCs, highlighting the differences between MDSCs from cancer and healthy individuals, as well as tumor-infiltrating MDSCs and circulating MDSCs. Then, we further describe recent advances in MDSC-targeted therapies. The existing and potential targeted drugs are divided into three categories, monoclonal antibodies, small-molecular inhibitors, and peptides. Their targeting mechanisms and characteristics have been summarized respectively. We believe that a comprehensive in-depth understanding of MDSC-targeted therapy could provide more possibilities for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesDepartment of OrthodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chenyi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Runyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tianyang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jiayun Yu
- Department of RadiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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11
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Tadepalli S, Clements DR, Saravanan S, Hornero RA, Lüdtke A, Blackmore B, Paulo JA, Gottfried-Blackmore A, Seong D, Park S, Chan L, Kopecky BJ, Liu Z, Ginhoux F, Lavine KJ, Murphy JP, Mack M, Graves EE, Idoyaga J. Rapid recruitment and IFN-I-mediated activation of monocytes dictate focal radiotherapy efficacy. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadd7446. [PMID: 37294749 PMCID: PMC10340791 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.add7446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The recruitment of monocytes and their differentiation into immunosuppressive cells is associated with the low efficacy of preclinical nonconformal radiotherapy (RT) for tumors. However, nonconformal RT (non-CRT) does not mimic clinical practice, and little is known about the role of monocytes after RT modes used in patients, such as conformal RT (CRT). Here, we investigated the acute immune response induced by after CRT. Contrary to non-CRT approaches, we found that CRT induces a rapid and robust recruitment of monocytes to the tumor that minimally differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages or dendritic cells but instead up-regulate major histocompatibility complex II and costimulatory molecules. We found that these large numbers of infiltrating monocytes are responsible for activating effector polyfunctional CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes that reduce tumor burden. Mechanistically, we show that monocyte-derived type I interferon is pivotal in promoting monocyte accumulation and immunostimulatory function in a positive feedback loop. We also demonstrate that monocyte accumulation in the tumor microenvironment is hindered when RT inadvertently affects healthy tissues, as occurs in non-CRT. Our results unravel the immunostimulatory function of monocytes during clinically relevant modes of RT and demonstrate that limiting the exposure of healthy tissues to radiation has a positive therapeutic effect on the overall antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirimuvva Tadepalli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Derek R. Clements
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Sanjana Saravanan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Rebeca Arroyo Hornero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Anja Lüdtke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Beau Blackmore
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Joao A. Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andres Gottfried-Blackmore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - David Seong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
| | - Soyoon Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Leslie Chan
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Kopecky
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Departmental of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institut Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1015, Bâtiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif 94800, France
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kory J. Lavine
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Departmental of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - John Patrick Murphy
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Edward E. Graves
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
| | - Juliana Idoyaga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
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12
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Fan S, Han H, Yan Z, Lu Y, He B, Zhang Q. Lipid-based nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2023; 3:230-269. [PMID: 37789955 PMCID: PMC10542882 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
As the fourth most important cancer management strategy except surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, cancer immunotherapy has been confirmed to elicit durable antitumor effects in the clinic by leveraging the patient's own immune system to eradicate the cancer cells. However, the limited population of patients who benefit from the current immunotherapies and the immune related adverse events hinder its development. The immunosuppressive microenvironment is the main cause of the failure, which leads to cancer immune evasion and immunity cycle blockade. Encouragingly, nanotechnology has been engineered to enhance the efficacy and reduce off-target toxicity of their therapeutic cargos by spatiotemporally controlling the biodistribution and release kinetics. Among them, lipid-based nanoparticles are the first nanomedicines to make clinical translation, which are now established platforms for diverse areas. In this perspective, we discuss the available lipid-based nanoparticles in research and market here, then describe their application in cancer immunotherapy, with special emphasis on the T cells-activated and macrophages-targeted delivery system. Through perpetuating each step of cancer immunity cycle, lipid-based nanoparticles can reduce immunosuppression and promote drug delivery to trigger robust antitumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huize Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhicheng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
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13
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Bruni S, Mercogliano MF, Mauro FL, Cordo Russo RI, Schillaci R. Cancer immune exclusion: breaking the barricade for a successful immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1135456. [PMID: 37284199 PMCID: PMC10239871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1135456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has changed the course of cancer treatment. The initial steps were made through tumor-specific antibodies that guided the setup of an antitumor immune response. A new and successful generation of antibodies are designed to target immune checkpoint molecules aimed to reinvigorate the antitumor immune response. The cellular counterpart is the adoptive cell therapy, where specific immune cells are expanded or engineered to target cancer cells. In all cases, the key for achieving positive clinical resolutions rests upon the access of immune cells to the tumor. In this review, we focus on how the tumor microenvironment architecture, including stromal cells, immunosuppressive cells and extracellular matrix, protects tumor cells from an immune attack leading to immunotherapy resistance, and on the available strategies to tackle immune evasion.
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14
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Liu J, Lin WP, Su W, Wu ZZ, Yang QC, Wang S, Sun TG, Huang CF, Wang XL, Sun ZJ. Sunitinib attenuates reactive MDSCs enhancing anti-tumor immunity in HNSCC. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110243. [PMID: 37137265 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is implicated in promoting HNSCC malignant progression. However, EZH2 inhibitors, when used alone, increase the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are responsible for enhancing tumor stemness and promoting tumor immune escape. We aimed to determine whether combining tazemetostat (an EZH2 inhibitor) and sunitinib (a MDSC inhibitor) can improve the response rate to an immune-checkpoint-blocking (ICB) therapy. We evaluated the efficacy of the above treatment strategies by bioinformatics analysis and animal experiments. EZH2 overexpression and abundant MDSCs in patients with HNSCC are associated with tumor progression. Tazemetostat treatment alone had limited inhibitory effect on HNSCC progression in the mouse models, accompanied by a surge in the number of MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment. Conversely, the combined use of tazemetostat and sunitinib reduced the number of MDSCs and regulatory T cell populations, promoting intratumoral infiltration of T cells and inhibiting of T cell exhausting, regulating of wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and tumor stemness, promoting the intratumoral PD-L1 expression and improved the response rate to anti-PD-1 therapy. The combined use of EZH2 and MDSC inhibitors effectively reverses HNSCC-specific immunotherapeutic resistance and is a promising strategy for overcoming resistance to ICB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Wen-Ping Lin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Wen Su
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Qi-Chao Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Ting-Guan Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Cong-Fa Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiao-Long Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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15
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Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor recurrence. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:113-142. [PMID: 36640224 PMCID: PMC9840433 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of primary tumor cells in distant organs, termed metastasis, is the principal cause of cancer mortality and is a crucial therapeutic target in oncology. Thus, it is critical to establish a better understanding of metastatic progression for the future development of improved therapeutic approaches. Indeed, such development requires insight into the timing of tumor cell dissemination and seeding of distant organs resulting in occult lesions. Following dissemination of tumor cells from the primary tumor, they can reside in niches in distant organs for years or decades, following which they can emerge as an overt metastasis. This timeline of metastatic dormancy is regulated by interactions between the tumor, its microenvironment, angiogenesis, and tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses. An improved understanding of the mechanisms and interactions responsible for immune evasion and tumor cell release from dormancy would help identify and aid in the development of novel targeted therapeutics. One such mediator of dormancy is myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC), whose number in the peripheral blood (PB) or infiltrating tumors has been associated with cancer stage, grade, patient survival, and metastasis in a broad range of tumor pathologies. Thus, extensive studies have revealed a role for MDSCs in tumor escape from adoptive and innate immune responses, facilitating tumor progression and metastasis; however, few studies have considered their role in dormancy. We have posited that MDSCs may regulate disseminated tumor cells resulting in resurgence of senescent tumor cells. In this review, we discuss clinical studies that address mechanisms of tumor recurrence including from dormancy, the role of MDSCs in their escape from dormancy during recurrence, the development of occult metastases, and the potential for MDSC inhibition as an approach to prolong the survival of patients with advanced malignancies. We stress that assessing the impact of therapies on MDSCs versus other cellular targets is challenging within the multimodality interventions required clinically.
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16
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates the myeloid-derived immune suppression associated with cancer and infectious disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:1. [PMID: 36593497 PMCID: PMC9809056 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are immature heterogeneous bone marrow cells, have been described as potent immune regulators in human and murine cancer models. The distribution of MDSCs varies across organs and is divided into three subpopulations: granulocytic MDSCs or polymorphonuclear MDSCs (G-MDSCs or PMN-MDSCs), monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs), as well as a recently identified early precursor MDSC (eMDSCs) in humans. Activated MDSCs induce the inactivation of NK cells, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells through a variety of mechanisms, thus promoting the formation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. ER stress plays an important protecting role in the survival of MDSC, which aggravates the immunosuppression in tumors. In addition, ferroptosis can promote an anti-tumor immune response by reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment. This review summarizes immune suppression by MDSCs with a focus on the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated immune suppression in cancer and infectious disease, in particular leprosy and tuberculosis.
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The Current and Future Promises of Combination Radiation and Immunotherapy for Genitourinary Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010127. [PMID: 36612124 PMCID: PMC9818005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As the indications for the use of immunotherapy in genitourinary malignancies expand, its role in combination with standard or conventional therapies has become the subject of contemporary studies. Radiotherapy has multiple immunomodulating effects on anti-tumor immune response, which highlights potential synergistic role with immunotherapy agents. We sought to review the body of published data studying the combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy as well as the rationale for combination therapy. Trial information and primary articles were obtained using the following terms "immunotherapy", "radiotherapy", "prostate cancer", and "bladder cancer." All articles and trials were screened to ensure they included combination radiotherapy and immunotherapy. The effects of radiation on the immune system, including both immunogenic and immunosuppressive effects, have been reported. There is a potential for combinatorial or synergistic effects between radiation therapy and immunotherapy in treating bladder and prostate cancers. However, results from ongoing and future clinical trials are needed to best integrate immunotherapy into current standard of care treatments for GU cancers.
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Wang NH, Lei Z, Yang HN, Tang Z, Yang MQ, Wang Y, Sui JD, Wu YZ. Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1406. [PMID: 36660640 PMCID: PMC9843429 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the fundamental anti-cancer regimens by means of inducing in situ tumor vaccination and driving a systemic anti-tumor immune response. It can affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) components consisting of blood vessels, immunocytes, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix (ECM), and might subsequently suppress anti-tumor immunity through expression of molecules such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 therapies, have been regarded as effective in the reinvigoration of the immune system and another major cancer treatment. Experimentally, combination of RT and ICIs therapy shows a greater synergistic effect than either therapy alone. Methods We performed a narrative review of the literature in the PubMed database. The research string comprised various combinations of "radiotherapy", "programmed death-ligand 1", "microenvironment", "exosome", "myeloid cell", "tumor cell", "tumor immunity". The database was searched independently by two authors. A third reviewer mediated any discordance of the results of the two screeners. Key Content and Findings RT upregulates PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and macrophages. The signaling pathways correlated to PD-L1 expression in tumor cells include the DNA damage signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) pathway, cGAS-STING pathway, and JAK/STATs pathway. Conclusions PD-L1 upregulation post-RT is found not only in tumor cells but also in the TME and is one of the mechanisms of tumor evasion. Therefore, further studies are necessary to fully comprehend this biological process. Meanwhile, combination of therapies has been shown to be effective, and novel approaches are to be developed as adjuvant to RT and ICIs therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo-Han Wang
- College of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Lei
- College of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao-Nan Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng-Qi Yang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang-Dong Sui
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Wu
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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19
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Patysheva M, Frolova A, Larionova I, Afanas'ev S, Tarasova A, Cherdyntseva N, Kzhyshkowska J. Monocyte programming by cancer therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:994319. [PMID: 36341366 PMCID: PMC9631446 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.994319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes in peripheral blood circulation are the precursor of essential cells that control tumor progression, that include tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells (DCs) and myeloid-derive suppressor cells (MDSC). Monocytes-derived cells orchestrate immune reactions in tumor microenvironment that control disease outcome and efficiency of cancer therapy. Four major types of anti-cancer therapy, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and most recent immunotherapy, affect tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) polarization and functions. TAMs can also decrease the efficiency of therapy in a tumor-specific way. Monocytes is a major source of TAMs, and are recruited to tumor mass from the blood circulation. However, the mechanisms of monocyte programming in circulation by different therapeutic onsets are only emerging. In our review, we present the state-of-the art about the effects of anti-cancer therapy on monocyte progenitors and their dedifferentiation, on the content of monocyte subpopulations and their transcriptional programs in the circulation, on their recruitment into tumor mass and their potential to give origin for TAMs in tumor-specific microenvironment. We have also summarized very limited available knowledge about genetics that can affect monocyte interaction with cancer therapy, and highlighted the perspectives for the therapeutic targeting of circulating monocytes in cancer patients. We summarized the knowledge about the mediators that affect monocytes fate in all four types of therapies, and we highlighted the perspectives for targeting monocytes to develop combined and minimally invasive anti-cancer therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Patysheva
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Tumor Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia Frolova
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Irina Larionova
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Tumor Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Afanas'ev
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna Tarasova
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Cherdyntseva
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
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20
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Wu Y, Yi M, Niu M, Mei Q, Wu K. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: an emerging target for anticancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:184. [PMID: 36163047 PMCID: PMC9513992 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical responses observed following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) support immunotherapy as a potential anticancer treatment. However, a large proportion of patients cannot benefit from it due to resistance or relapse, which is most likely attributable to the multiple immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous array of pathologically activated immature cells, are a chief component of immunosuppressive networks. These cells potently suppress T-cell activity and thus contribute to the immune escape of malignant tumors. New findings indicate that targeting MDSCs might be an alternative and promising target for immunotherapy, reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus primarily on the classification and inhibitory function of MDSCs and the crosstalk between MDSCs and other myeloid cells. We also briefly summarize the latest approaches to therapies targeting MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. .,Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Abstract
The clinical responses observed following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) support immunotherapy as a potential anticancer treatment. However, a large proportion of patients cannot benefit from it due to resistance or relapse, which is most likely attributable to the multiple immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous array of pathologically activated immature cells, are a chief component of immunosuppressive networks. These cells potently suppress T-cell activity and thus contribute to the immune escape of malignant tumors. New findings indicate that targeting MDSCs might be an alternative and promising target for immunotherapy, reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus primarily on the classification and inhibitory function of MDSCs and the crosstalk between MDSCs and other myeloid cells. We also briefly summarize the latest approaches to therapies targeting MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Al-Mterin MA, Elkord E. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in colorectal cancer: prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:497-510. [PMID: 36081407 PMCID: PMC9448663 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of immature myeloid cells, which are expanded in most cancer patients. MDSCs suppress host immune responses, leading to cancer growth and progression. Several studies demonstrated that there was a relationship between levels of MDSCs and tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. MDSCs are now being investigated for their role as possible therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. This review summarizes available studies that investigated MDSC expansion in CRC patients, as well as their role in CRC tumorigenesis, prognosis, and targeting. Based on the available studies, there is a possible relationship between high levels of MDSCs and CRC progression. Additionally, targeting MDSCs in CRC patients selectively represents a significant challenge for the development of targeted treatments. Targeting of MDSCs could be exploited in different ways including MDSC depletion, inhibition of MDSC function and recruitment, and enhancing MDSC differentiation. Overall, MDSCs could be exploited as prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eyad Elkord
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman;Biomedical Research Center, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, M5 4WT Manchester, UK
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23
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Ding L, Wan M, Wang D, Cao H, Wang H, Gao P. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Patients With Acute Pancreatitis With Increased Inhibitory Function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840620. [PMID: 35911709 PMCID: PMC9329796 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is pancreatic or systemic inflammation without or with motion organ dysfunction. Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is the main cause of death for patients with AP. A pro-/anti-inflammatory imbalance is considered the key regulation of disease severity. However, the real mechanism of SAP remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the frequency and specific roll of myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) in AP. We evaluated MDSC frequency and disease severity by analyzing MDSCs in the peripheral blood of healthy controls (HCs) and patients with mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) and SAP by flow cytometry. We also compared the frequency and inhibitory ability of MDSCs from HCs and SAP, and finally detected the reason for the difference in inhibitory ability. AP was marked by expansion of MDSCs as well as its subsets, granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) and monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs). The proportion of MDSC in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with AP was increased and positively correlated with AP severity. The frequency of MDSC was decreased after treatment compared with pre-treatment. CD3+ T cells were remarkably inhibited by MDSC derived from the patients with SAP. In the expression of arginase-1 (Arg-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), the MDSCs from patients with SAP increased. These findings demonstrated that MDSCs expanded in the peripheral blood in patients with AP, especially in those with SAP. Moreover, the inhibitory ability of MDSCs was increased in the patients with SAP compared with that in the HCs. The enhanced suppressive function was possibly caused by an overexpression of Arg-1 and ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ding
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minjie Wan
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huiru Cao
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haijiao Wang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pujun Gao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Pujun Gao,
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Since its approval in 2002, imatinib remains the standard first-line treatment for patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Overall, all the drugs approved for patients who have developed secondary resistance to imatinib are less effective than imatinib in first-line. Even if, overall survival of patients with advanced GIST has improved over time the last 20 years, imatinib-resistant GIST remains therefore a difficult-to-treat cancer. The aim of this review is to elaborate on the potential strategies to improve outcome for patients with imatinib-refractory disease. RECENT FINDINGS New-generation potent KIT and PDGFRA inhibitors such as ripretinib and avapritinib developed for the treatment of GIST have shown very promising clinical activity in patients with highly refractory disease. However, both failed to improve outcome in comparison with standard of care in earlier lines settings. Clinical trials investigating the efficacy of multikinase inhibitor with highly specific KIT inhibitors are currently ongoing. Targeting the microenvironment of GIST may also represent a promising approach and is investigated in several clinical studies. SUMMARY Imatinib-refractory GIST still represent a therapeutic challenge. It is likely that only combination therapies with new generation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and/or immune-oncology agents might potentially result in an enhanced therapeutic efficacy compared with current standard of care.
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25
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Lai X, Liu XL, Pan H, Zhu MH, Long M, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Dong X, Lu Q, Sun P, Lovell JF, Chen HZ, Fang C. Light-Triggered Efficient Sequential Drug Delivery of Biomimetic Nanosystem for Multimodal Chemo-, Antiangiogenic, and Anti-MDSC Therapy in Melanoma. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106682. [PMID: 34989039 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In view of the multiple pathological hallmarks of tumors, nanosystems for the sequential delivery of various drugs whose targets are separately located inside and outside tumor cells are desired for improved cancer therapy. However, current sequential delivery is mainly achieved through enzyme- or acid-dependent degradation of the nanocarrier, which would be influenced by the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment, and unloading efficiency of the drug acting on the target outside tumor cells is usually unsatisfactory. Here, a light-triggered sequential delivery strategy based on a liposomal formulation of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded small-sized polymeric nanoparticles (DOX-NP) and free sunitinib in the aqueous cavity, is developed. The liposomal membrane is doped with photosensitizer porphyrin-phospholipid (PoP) and hybridized with red blood cell membrane to confer biomimetic features. Near-infrared light-induced membrane permeabilization triggers the "ultrafast" and "thorough" release of sunitinib (100% release in 5 min) for antiangiogenic therapy and also myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) inhibition to reverse the immunosuppressive tumor environment. Subsequently, the small-sized DOX-NP liberated from the liposomes is more easily uptaken by tumor cells for improved immunogenic chemotherapy. RNA sequencing and immune-related assay indicates therapeutic immune enhancement. This light-triggered sequential delivery strategy demonstrates the potency in cancer multimodal therapy against multiple targets in different spatial positions in tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Lai
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xue-Liang Liu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Mao-Hua Zhu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mei Long
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yihang Yuan
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiao Dong
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qin Lu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
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Li R, Mukherjee MB, Lin J. Coordinated Regulation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by Cytokines and Chemokines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051236. [PMID: 35267547 PMCID: PMC8909268 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review, we summarize the effects of various cytokines and chemokines as a network to regulate the expansion, recruitment, and immunosuppressive functions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer metastasis. Abstract Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells that impair immune cell functions and promote tumor progression. Mounting evidence indicates that cytokines and chemokines in the tumor microenvironment alter MDSCs. Various cytokines and chemokines are involved in MDSC production, their infiltration into tumors, and their exertion of suppressive functions. Here, we consider those cytokines, chemokines, and MDSCs as an intricately connected, complex system and we focus on how tumors manipulate the MDSCs through various cytokines and chemokines. We also discuss treatment capitalizing on cytokines/chemokine signaling aimed at combating the potent immunosuppressive activities of MDSCs to improve disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jun Lin
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-631-444-2975
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27
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Chen HM, Sun L, Pan PY, Wang LH, Chen SH. Nutrient supplements from selected botanicals mediated immune modulation of the tumor microenvironment and antitumor mechanism. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:3435-3449. [PMID: 33877384 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Specific extracts of selected vegetables (SV) have been shown to benefit the survival of stage IIIb/IV non-small cell lung cancer patients in phase I/II studies and is currently in a phase III trial. However, the underlying mechanism of SV-mediated antitumor immune responses has not been elucidated. Our results indicate that SV modulated the NK and adoptive T cell immune responses in antitumor efficacy. Furthermore, antitumor effects of SV were also mediated by innate myeloid cell function, which requires both TLR and β-glucan signaling in a MyD88/TRIF and Dectin-1-dependent manner, respectively. Additionally, SV treatment reduced granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration into the tumor and limited monocytic MDSC toward the M2-like functional phenotype. Importantly, SV treatment enhanced antigen-specific immune responses by augmenting the activation of antigen-specific TH1/TH17 cells in secondary lymphoid organs and proliferative response, as well as by reducing the Treg population in the tumor microenvironment, which was driven by SV-primed activated M-MDSC. Our results support the idea that SV can subvert immune-tolerance state in the tumor microenvironment and inhibit tumor growth. The present study suggests that features, such as easy accessibility, favorable clinical efficacy, no detectable side effects and satisfactory safety make SV a feasible, appealing and convincing adjuvant therapy for the treatment of cancer patients and prevent tumor recurrence and/or metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Linus Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Ping-Ying Pan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Lu-Hai Wang
- Institute of Integrated Medicine and Chinese Medical Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA.
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, 77030, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, USA.
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28
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Reijmen E, De Mey S, Van Damme H, De Ridder K, Gevaert T, De Blay E, Bouwens L, Collen C, Decoster L, De Couck M, Laoui D, De Grève J, De Ridder M, Gidron Y, Goyvaerts C. Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation Alone or in Combination With Radiotherapy Stimulates Lung Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes But Fails to Suppress Tumor Growth. Front Immunol 2021; 12:772555. [PMID: 34925341 PMCID: PMC8671299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.772555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of radiotherapy (RT) with immunotherapy represents a promising treatment modality for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. As only a minority of patients shows a persistent response today, a spacious optimization window remains to be explored. Previously we showed that fractionated RT can induce a local immunosuppressive profile. Based on the evolving concept of an immunomodulatory role for vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), we tested its therapeutic and immunological effects alone and in combination with fractionated RT in a preclinical-translational study. Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing C57Bl/6 mice were treated with VNS, fractionated RT or the combination while a patient cohort with locally advanced NSCLC receiving concurrent radiochemotherapy (ccRTCT) was enrolled in a clinical trial to receive either sham or effective VNS daily during their 6 weeks of ccRTCT treatment. Preclinically, VNS alone or with RT showed no therapeutic effect yet VNS alone significantly enhanced the activation profile of intratumoral CD8+ T cells by upregulating their IFN-γ and CD137 expression. In the periphery, VNS reduced the RT-mediated rise of splenic, but not blood-derived, regulatory T cells (Treg) and monocytes. In accordance, the serological levels of protumoral CXCL5 next to two Treg-attracting chemokines CCL1 and CCL22 were reduced upon VNS monotherapy. In line with our preclinical findings on the lack of immunological changes in blood circulating immune cells upon VNS, immune monitoring of the peripheral blood of VNS treated NSCLC patients (n=7) did not show any significant changes compared to ccRTCT alone. As our preclinical data do suggest that VNS intensifies the stimulatory profile of the tumor infiltrated CD8+ T cells, this favors further research into non-invasive VNS to optimize current response rates to RT-immunotherapy in lung cancer patients.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Female
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Tumor Burden
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Reijmen
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven De Mey
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Centre University Hospital Brussels (Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helena Van Damme
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kirsten De Ridder
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Gevaert
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Centre University Hospital Brussels (Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmy De Blay
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Collen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Centre University Hospital Brussels (Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lore Decoster
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marijke De Couck
- Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Health Care, University College Odisee, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Damya Laoui
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques De Grève
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Centre University Hospital Brussels (Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yori Gidron
- Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Cleo Goyvaerts
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Carbon ion radiotherapy boosts anti-tumour immune responses by inhibiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells in melanoma-bearing mice. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:332. [PMID: 34732697 PMCID: PMC8566527 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00731-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) induces anti-cancer immune responses in melanoma patients, yet the mechanism remains elusive. The abundance of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in the tumour microenvironment is associated with therapeutic efficacy and disease outcome. This study analysed the changes in the immune contexture in response to the carbon ion treatment. The murine melanoma B16, MelanA, and S91 tumour models were established in syngeneic immunocompetent mice. Then, the tumours were irradiated with carbon ion beams, and flow cytometry was utilised to observe the immune contexture changes in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, spleen, and tumours. The immune infiltrates in the tumour tissues were further assessed using haematoxylin/eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. The immunoblot detected the expression of proteins associated with the JAK/STAT signalling pathway. The secretion of immune-related cytokines was examined using ELISA. Compared to conventional radiotherapy, particle beams have distinct advantages in cancer therapy. Here, the use of carbon ion beams (5 GyE) for melanoma-bearing mice was found to reduce the population of MDSC in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen of the animals via a JAK2/STAT3-dependent mechanism. The percentage of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells increased after radiation, resulting in reduced tumour growth and prolonged overall survival in the three different mouse models of melanoma. This study, therefore, substantiated that CIRT boosts anti-tumour immune responses via the inhibition of MDSC.
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Hofer F, Di Sario G, Musiu C, Sartoris S, De Sanctis F, Ugel S. A Complex Metabolic Network Confers Immunosuppressive Functions to Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) within the Tumour Microenvironment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102700. [PMID: 34685679 PMCID: PMC8534848 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute a plastic and heterogeneous cell population among immune cells within the tumour microenvironment (TME) that support cancer progression and resistance to therapy. During tumour progression, cancer cells modify their metabolism to sustain an increased energy demand to cope with uncontrolled cell proliferation and differentiation. This metabolic reprogramming of cancer establishes competition for nutrients between tumour cells and leukocytes and most importantly, among tumour-infiltrating immune cells. Thus, MDSCs that have emerged as one of the most decisive immune regulators of TME exhibit an increase in glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism and also an upregulation of enzymes that catabolise essential metabolites. This complex metabolic network is not only crucial for MDSC survival and accumulation in the TME but also for enhancing immunosuppressive functions toward immune effectors. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the field of MDSC-associated metabolic pathways that could facilitate therapeutic targeting of these cells during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefano Ugel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-8126451; Fax: +39-045-8126455
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31
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Li K, Shi H, Zhang B, Ou X, Ma Q, Chen Y, Shu P, Li D, Wang Y. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as immunosuppressive regulators and therapeutic targets in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:362. [PMID: 34620838 PMCID: PMC8497485 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenic population of immature myeloid cells with immunosuppressive effects, which undergo massive expansion during tumor progression. These cells not only support immune escape directly but also promote tumor invasion via various non-immunological activities. Besides, this group of cells are proved to impair the efficiency of current antitumor strategies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Therefore, MDSCs are considered as potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. Treatment strategies targeting MDSCs have shown promising outcomes in both preclinical studies and clinical trials when administrated alone, or in combination with other anticancer therapies. In this review, we shed new light on recent advances in the biological characteristics and immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs. We also hope to propose an overview of current MDSCs-targeting therapies so as to provide new ideas for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Houhui Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Benxia Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejin Ou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Qizhi Ma
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Shu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, and Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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32
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Song HN, Jin H, Kim JH, Ha IB, Kang KM, Choi HS, Jeong HJ, Kim MY, Kim HJ, Jeong BK. Abscopal Effect of Radiotherapy Enhanced with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors of Triple Negative Breast Cancer in 4T1 Mammary Carcinoma Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910476. [PMID: 34638817 PMCID: PMC8509046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Local radiotherapy (RT) is important to manage metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Although RT primarily reduces cancer cells locally, this control can be enhanced by triggering the immune system via immunotherapy. RT and immunotherapy may lead to an improved systemic effect, known as the abscopal effect. Here, we analyzed the antitumor effect of combination therapy using RT with an anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody in primary tumors, using poorly immunogenic metastatic mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 model. Mice were injected subcutaneously into both flanks with 4T1 cells, and treatment was initiated 12 days later. Mice were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: (1) control (no treatment with RT or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)), (2) RT alone, and (3) RT+ICI. The same RT dose was prescribed in both RT-alone and RT+ICI groups as 10Gy/fx in two fractions and delivered to only one of the two tumor burdens injected at both sides of flanks. In the RT+ICI group, 200 µg fixed dose of PD-1 antibody was intraperitoneally administered concurrently with RT. The RT and ICI combination markedly reduced tumor cell growth not only in the irradiated site but also in non-irradiated sites, a typical characteristic of the abscopal effect. This was observed only in radiation-sensitive cancer cells. Lung metastasis development was lower in RT-irradiated groups (RT-only and RT+ICI groups) than in the non-irradiated group, regardless of the radiation sensitivity of tumor cells. However, there was no additive effect of ICI on RT to control lung metastasis, as was already known regarding the abscopal effect. The combination of local RT with anti-PD-1 blockade could be a promising treatment strategy against metastatic TNBC. Further research is required to integrate our results into a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haa-Na Song
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.S.); (J.-H.K.)
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hana Jin
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Kim
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.S.); (J.-H.K.)
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - In-Bong Ha
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Ki-Mun Kang
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon 51472, Korea
| | - Hoon-Sik Choi
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon 51472, Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Jeong
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Min-Young Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea;
| | - Hye-Jung Kim
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Bae-Kwon Jeong
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.-N.J.); (I.-B.H.); (K.-M.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Correspondence:
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33
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Shi H, Li K, Ni Y, Liang X, Zhao X. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Implications in the Resistance of Malignant Tumors to T Cell-Based Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:707198. [PMID: 34336860 PMCID: PMC8317971 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.707198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T lymphocytes function as major players in antigen-mediated cytotoxicity and have become powerful tools for exploiting the immune system in tumor elimination. Several types of T cell-based immunotherapies have been prescribed to cancer patients with durable immunological response. Such strategies include immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T cell therapy, cancer vaccines, oncolytic virus, and modulatory cytokines. However, the majority of cancer patients still failed to take the advantage of these kinds of treatments. Currently, extensive attempts are being made to uncover the potential mechanism of immunotherapy resistance, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been identified as one of vital interpretable factors. Here, we discuss the immunosuppressive mechanism of MDSCs and their contributions to failures of T cell-based immunotherapy. Additionally, we summarize combination therapies to ameliorate the efficacy of T cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houhui Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanghong Ni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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34
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Le DT, Huynh TR, Burt B, Van Buren G, Abeynaike SA, Zalfa C, Nikzad R, Kheradmand F, Tyner JJ, Paust S. Natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes are required to clear solid tumor in a patient-derived xenograft. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e140116. [PMID: 34081628 PMCID: PMC8410059 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models of solid tumors lack a fully tumor donor-matched, syngeneic, and functional immune system. We developed a model that overcomes these limitations by engrafting lymphopenic recipient mice with a fresh, undisrupted piece of solid tumor, whereby tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) persisted in the recipient mice for several weeks. Successful tumor engraftment was achieved in 83% to 89% of TIL-PDX mice, and these were seen to harbor exhausted immuno-effector as well as functional immunoregulatory cells persisting for at least 6 months postengraftment. Combined treatment with interleukin-15 stimulation and immune checkpoint inhibition resulted in complete or partial tumor response in this model. Further, depletion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and/or natural killer cells before combined immunotherapy revealed that both cell types were required for maximal tumor regression. Our TIL-PDX model provides a valuable resource for powerful mechanistic and therapeutic studies in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Tri Le
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tridu R Huynh
- Scripps Research Translational Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Internal Medicine, Scripps Clinic/Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bryan Burt
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery and
| | - George Van Buren
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shawn A Abeynaike
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cristina Zalfa
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rana Nikzad
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Margaret M. and Albert B. Alkek Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John J Tyner
- Division of Cardiovascular/Thoracic Surgery, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Silke Paust
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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35
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Mortezaee K. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer immunotherapy-clinical perspectives. Life Sci 2021; 277:119627. [PMID: 34004256 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are heterogeneous and poorly mature cells of innate immunity that their population is increased substantially in cancer patients. MDSCs represent three subsets including CD14+ monocytic (M), CD15+ granulocytic (G) and Lin- early precursor (e) cells. MDSCs release a number of factors that direct several tumorigenic-related events including immune evasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. Assessment of MDSCs can provide valuable information from cancer immunity state, and it can be an indicator of tumor prognosis. The cells can be targeted in combination with current immunotherapeutic schedules, and the outcomes were promising. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of MDSCs, their involvement in tumor-related immunosuppression, and their impact on cancer immunotherapy. Then, strategies are proposed to boost the power of immune system against MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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36
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Jin J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Fu S, Wu J. Coordinated regulation of immune contexture: crosstalk between STAT3 and immune cells during breast cancer progression. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:50. [PMID: 33957948 PMCID: PMC8101191 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cancer development have revealed the tumor microenvironment (TME) immune cells to functionally affect the development and progression of breast cancer. However, insufficient evidence of TME immune modulators limit the clinical application of immunotherapy for advanced and metastatic breast cancers. Intercellular STAT3 activation of immune cells plays a central role in breast cancer TME immunosuppression and distant metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that targeting STAT3 and/or in combination with radiotherapy may enhance anti-cancer immune responses and rescue the systemic immunologic microenvironment in breast cancer. Indeed, apart from its oncogenic role in tumor cells, the functions of STAT3 in TME of breast cancer involve multiple types of immunosuppression and is associated with tumor cell metastasis. In this review, we summarize the available information on the functions of STAT3-related immune cells in TME of breast cancer, as well as the specific upstream and downstream targets. Additionally, we provide insights about the potential immunosuppression mechanisms of each type of evaluated immune cells. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging (CEMI), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - JingBo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
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37
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Darden DB, Bacher R, Brusko MA, Knight P, Hawkins RB, Cox MC, Dirain ML, Ungaro R, Nacionales DC, Rincon JC, Gauthier MPL, Kladde M, Bihorac A, Brusko TM, Moore FA, Brakenridge SC, Mohr AM, Moldawer LL, Efron PA. Single-Cell RNA-seq of Human Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Late Sepsis Reveals Multiple Subsets With Unique Transcriptional Responses: A Pilot Study. Shock 2021; 55:587-595. [PMID: 33021571 PMCID: PMC8019679 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are independently associated with poor long-term clinical outcomes in sepsis. Studies implicate subsets of MDSCs having unique roles in lymphocyte suppression; however, characterization of these cells after sepsis remains incomplete. We performed a pilot study to determine the transcriptomic landscape in MDSC subsets in sepsis using single-cell RNAseq (scRNA-seq). METHODS A mixture of whole blood myeloid-enriched and Ficoll-enriched PBMCs from two late septic patients on post-sepsis day 21 and two control subjects underwent Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing (CITE-seq). RESULTS We successfully identified the three MDSC subset clusters-granulocytic (G-), monocytic (M-), and early (E-) MDSCs. Sepsis was associated with a greater relative expansion of G-MDSCs versus M-MDSCs at 21 days as compared to control subjects. Genomic analysis between septic patients and control subjects revealed cell-specific and common differential expression of genes in both G-MDSC and M-MDSC subsets. Many of the common genes have previously been associated with MDSC proliferation and immunosuppressive function. Interestingly, there was no differential expression of several genes demonstrated in the literature to be vital to immunosuppression in cancer-induced MDSC. CONCLUSION This pilot study successfully demonstrated that MDSCs maintain a transcriptomic profile that is immunosuppressive in late sepsis. Interestingly, the landscape in chronic critical illness is partially dependent on the original septic insult. Preliminary data would also indicate immunosuppressive MDSCs from late sepsis patients appear to have a somewhat unique transcriptome from cancer and/or other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijoia B. Darden
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Rhonda Bacher
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Maigan A. Brusko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Parker Knight
- Department of Mathematics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Russell B. Hawkins
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael C. Cox
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marvin L. Dirain
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ricardo Ungaro
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Dina C. Nacionales
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jaimar C. Rincon
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marie-Pierre L. Gauthier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Michael Kladde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Azra Bihorac
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Todd M. Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Frederick A. Moore
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Scott C. Brakenridge
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alicia M. Mohr
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lyle L. Moldawer
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Philip A. Efron
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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38
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Cui C, Lan P, Fu L. The role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in gastrointestinal cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:442-471. [PMID: 33773092 PMCID: PMC8211353 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer encompasses a range of malignancies that originate in the digestive system, which together represent the most common form of cancer diagnosed worldwide. However, despite numerous advances in both diagnostics and treatment, the incidence and mortality rate of GI cancer are on the rise. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that increase in number under certain pathological conditions, such as infection and inflammation, and this expansion is of particular relevance to cancer. MDSCs are heavily involved in the regulation of the immune system and act to dampen its response to tumors, favoring the escape of tumor cells from immunosurveillance and increasing both metastasis and recurrence. Several recent studies have supported the use of MDSCs as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in patients with cancer, and potentially as a novel treatment target. In the present review, the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs are described, and recent researches concerning the involvement of MDSCs in the progression, prognosis, and therapies of GI cancer are reviewed. The aim of this work was to present the development of novel treatments targeting MDSCs in GI cancer in the hope of improving outcomes for patients with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Penglin Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
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Fu SY, Wang CC, Chen FH, Yu CF, Hong JH, Chiang CS. Sunitinib Treatment-elicited Distinct Tumor Microenvironment Dramatically Compensated the Reduction of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells. In Vivo 2021; 34:1141-1152. [PMID: 32354903 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The clinical response rate of prostate cancer to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy is low. The mechanisms of resistance to TKI are unclear. This study aimed to examine if the tumor microenvironment (TME) is involved in the resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-vascular effect of Sutent was examined by immunofluorescent staining in TRAMP-C1 tumor. The percentage of CD11b+ population were analyzed by flow cytometry. The level of cytokines and chemokines were measured by multiplex immunoassay. RESULTS The Sutent monotherapy caused 1.5 days of tumor growth delay, chronic hypoxia, and more mature vasculature. Sutent monotherapy increased the percentage of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in peripheral blood. The evolved TME triggered the re-distribution of myeloid cells in chronically hypoxic areas. The multiplex immunoassay indicated higher levels of several cytokines and chemokines both in tumors and the blood. CONCLUSION Sunitinib treatment induced a distinct tumor microenvironment that impaired the efficient reduction of MDSCs by TKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yung Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital/Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Chieh Wang
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital/Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fang-Hsin Chen
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital/Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Fang Yu
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital/Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ji-Hong Hong
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital/Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Shiun Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Li JY, Chen YP, Li YQ, Liu N, Ma J. Chemotherapeutic and targeted agents can modulate the tumor microenvironment and increase the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockades. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:27. [PMID: 33541368 PMCID: PMC7863268 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based immunotherapy has dramatically changed methods of cancer treatment. This approach triggers a durable treatment response and prolongs patients' survival; however, not all patients can benefit. Accumulating evidence demonstrated that the efficacy of ICB is dependent on a robust antitumor immune response that is usually damaged in most tumors. Conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapy promote the antitumor immune response by increasing the immunogenicity of tumor cells, improving CD8+ T cell infiltration, or inhibiting immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment. Such immunomodulation provides a convincing rationale for the combination therapy of chemotherapeutics and ICBs, and both preclinical and clinical investigations have shown encouraging results. However, the optimal drug combinations, doses, timing, and sequence of administration, all of which affect the immunomodulatory effect of chemotherapeutics, as well as the benefit of combination therapy, are not yet determined. Future studies should focus on these issues and help to develop the optimal combination regimen for each cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Pei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Qin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:391-411. [PMID: 33411082 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09947-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The spread of primary tumor cells to distant organs, termed metastasis, is the principal cause of cancer mortality and is a critical therapeutic target in oncology. Thus, a better understanding of metastatic progression is critical for improved therapeutic approaches requiring insight into the timing of tumor cell dissemination and seeding of distant organs, which can lead to the formation of occult lesions. However, due to limitations in imaging techniques, primary tumors can only be detected when they reach a relatively large size (e.g., > 1 cm3), which, based on our understanding of tumor evolution, is 10 to 20 years (30 doubling times) following tumor initiation. Recent insights into the timing of metastasis are based on the genomic profiling of paired primary tumors and metastases, suggesting that tumor cell seeding of secondary sites occurs early during tumor progression and years prior to diagnosis. Following seeding, tumor cells may remain in a dormant state as single cells or micrometastases before emerging as overt lesions. This timeline and the role of metastatic dormancy are regulated by interactions between the tumor, its microenvironment, and tumor-specific T cell responses. An improved understanding of the mechanisms and interactions responsible for immune evasion and tumor cell release from dormancy would support the development of novel targeted therapeutics. We posit herein that the immunosuppressive mechanisms mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a major contributor to tumor progression, and that these mechanisms promote tumor cell escape from dormancy. Thus, while extensive studies have demonstrated a role for MDSCs in the escape from adoptive and innate immune responses (T-, natural killer (NK)-, and B cell responses), facilitating tumor progression and metastasis, few studies have considered their role in dormancy. In this review, we discuss the role of MDSC expansion, driven by tumor burden, and its role in escape from dormancy, resulting in occult metastases, and the potential for MDSC inhibition as an approach to prolong the survival of patients with advanced malignancies.
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42
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Yang JS, Wang CC, Qiu JD, Ren B, You L. Arginine metabolism: a potential target in pancreatic cancer therapy. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 134:28-37. [PMID: 33395072 PMCID: PMC7862822 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely malignant disease, which has an extremely low survival rate of <9% in the United States. As a new hallmark of cancer, metabolism reprogramming exerts crucial impacts on PDAC development and progression. Notably, arginine metabolism is altered in PDAC cells and participates in vital signaling pathways. In addition, arginine and its metabolites including polyamine, creatine, agmatine, and nitric oxide regulate the proliferation, growth, autophagy, apoptosis, and metastasis of cancer cells. Due to the loss of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1) expression, the key enzyme in arginine biosynthesis, arginine deprivation is regarded as a potential strategy for PDAC therapy. However, drug resistance develops during arginine depletion treatment, along with the re-expression of ASS1, metabolic dysfunction, and the appearance of anti-drug antibody. Additionally, arginase 1 exerts crucial roles in myeloid-derived suppressor cells, indicating its potential targeting by cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we introduce arginine metabolism and its impacts on PDAC cells. Also, we discuss the role of arginine metabolism in arginine deprivation therapy and immunotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Krisnawan VE, Stanley JA, Schwarz JK, DeNardo DG. Tumor Microenvironment as a Regulator of Radiation Therapy: New Insights into Stromal-Mediated Radioresistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102916. [PMID: 33050580 PMCID: PMC7600316 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is multifaceted and consists of more than just a collection of mutated cells. These cancerous cells reside along with other non-mutated cells in an extracellular matrix which together make up the tumor microenvironment or tumor stroma. The composition of the tumor microenvironment plays an integral role in cancer initiation, progression, and response to treatments. In this review, we discuss how the tumor microenvironment regulates the response and resistance to radiation therapy and what targeted agents have been used to combat stromal-mediated radiation resistance. Abstract A tumor is a complex “organ” composed of malignant cancer cells harboring genetic aberrations surrounded by a stroma comprised of non-malignant cells and an extracellular matrix. Considerable evidence has demonstrated that components of the genetically “normal” tumor stroma contribute to tumor progression and resistance to a wide array of treatment modalities, including radiotherapy. Cancer-associated fibroblasts can promote radioresistance through their secreted factors, contact-mediated signaling, downstream pro-survival signaling pathways, immunomodulatory effects, and cancer stem cell-generating role. The extracellular matrix can govern radiation responsiveness by influencing oxygen availability and controlling the stability and bioavailability of growth factors and cytokines. Immune status regarding the presence of pro- and anti-tumor immune cells can regulate how tumors respond to radiation therapy. Furthermore, stromal cells including endothelial cells and adipocytes can modulate radiosensitivity through their roles in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, and their secreted adipokines, respectively. Thus, to successfully eradicate cancers, it is important to consider how tumor stroma components interact with and regulate the response to radiation. Detailed knowledge of these interactions will help build a preclinical rationale to support the use of stromal-targeting agents in combination with radiotherapy to increase radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varintra E. Krisnawan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Stanley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (J.A.S.); (J.K.S.)
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Julie K. Schwarz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (J.A.S.); (J.K.S.)
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David G. DeNardo
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Correspondence:
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Radiotherapy-Mediated Immunomodulation and Anti-Tumor Abscopal Effect Combining Immune Checkpoint Blockade. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102762. [PMID: 32992835 PMCID: PMC7600068 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a conventional method for clinical treatment of local tumors, which can induce tumor-specific immune response and cause the shrinkage of primary tumor and distal metastases via mediating tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Ionizing radiation (IR) induced tumor regression outside the radiation field is termed as abscopal effect. However, due to the mobilization of immunosuppressive signals by IR, the activated CD8+T cells are not sufficient to maintain a long-term positive feedback to make the tumors regress completely. Eventually, the "hot" tumors gradually turn to "cold". With the advent of emerging immunotherapy, the combination of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and local RT has produced welcome changes in stubborn metastases, especially anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 which have been approved in clinical cancer treatment. However, the detailed mechanism of the abscopal effect induced by combined therapy is still unclear. Therefore, how to formulate a therapeutic schedule to maximize the efficacy should be took into consideration according to specific circumstance. This paper reviewed the recent research progresses in immunomodulatory effects of local radiotherapy on the tumor microenvironment, as well as the unique advantage for abscopal effect when combined with ICB, with a view to exploring the potential application value of radioimmunotherapy in clinic.
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Targeting Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092626. [PMID: 32942545 PMCID: PMC7564060 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) have been regarded as the main promoters of cancer development in recent years. They can protect tumor cells from being eliminated by neutralizing the anti-tumor response mediated by T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Therefore, different treatment methods targeting MDSCs, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy, have been developed and proven to effectively inhibit tumor expansion. Herein, we summarize the immunosuppressive role of MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment and some effective treatments targeting MDSCs, and discuss the differences between different therapies. Abstract Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are activated under pathological conditions, are a group of heterogeneous immature myeloid cells. MDSCs have potent capacities to support tumor growth via inhibition of the antitumoral immune response and/or the induction of immunosuppressive cells. In addition, multiple studies have demonstrated that MDSCs provide potential therapeutic targets for the elimination of immunosuppressive functions and the inhibition of tumor growth. The combination of targeting MDSCs and other therapeutic approaches has also demonstrated powerful antitumor effects. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and current strategies of cancer treatment by targeting MDSCs.
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Yang X, Lu Y, Hang J, Zhang J, Zhang T, Huo Y, Liu J, Lai S, Luo D, Wang L, Hua R, Lin Y. Lactate-Modulated Immunosuppression of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Contributes to the Radioresistance of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:1440-1451. [PMID: 32917658 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms responsible for radioresistance in pancreatic cancer have yet to be elucidated, and the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment must be considered. We investigated whether the radiotherapy-augmented Warburg effect helped myeloid cells acquire an immunosuppressive phenotype, resulting in limited treatment efficacy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Radiotherapy enhanced the tumor-promoting activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in pancreatic cancer. Sustained increase in lactate secretion, resulting from the radiation-augmented Warburg effect, was responsible for the enhanced immunosuppressive phenotype of MDSCs after radiotherapy. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was essential for tumor cell metabolism and lactate-regulated activation of MDSCs via the G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81)/mTOR/HIF-1α/STAT3 pathway. Blocking lactate production in tumor cells or deleting Hif-1α in MDSCs reverted antitumor T-cell responses and effectively inhibited tumor progression after radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Our investigation highlighted the importance of radiation-induced lactate in regulating the inhibitory immune microenvironment of PDAC. Targeting lactate derived from tumor cells and the HIF-1α signaling in MDSCs may hold distinct promise for clinical therapies to alleviate radioresistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuguang Yang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Hang
- Department of Oncology, Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiening Zhang
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanmiao Huo
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songtao Lai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Luo
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuli Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Daro-Faye M, Kassouf W, Souhami L, Marcq G, Cury F, Niazi T, Sargos P. Combined radiotherapy and immunotherapy in urothelial bladder cancer: harnessing the full potential of the anti-tumor immune response. World J Urol 2020; 39:1331-1343. [PMID: 32915313 PMCID: PMC7484608 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy (RT), as part of trimodal therapy, is an attractive alternative treatment in patients with urothelial muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). There is accumulating evidence suggesting the immunomodulatory effects of RT and its potential synergy when combined with immunotherapy. The aim of this review was to report on the most recent advances on this combination, including the mechanisms of RT immunomodulation, practical approach to combining RT and immunotherapy, and ongoing clinical trials in bladder cancer. METHODS Using the PubMed database, we identified articles published between March 2004 and April 2020 on the combination of RT with immunotherapy in localized or metastatic MIBC. A search of the Clinicaltrials.gov and Clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ retrieved ongoing clinical trials on the topic as well. RESULTS Combination of RT with immunotherapy leads to immunogenic cell death and an increase in immune markers thus leading to improved tumor control. For localized MIBC, there are safety concerns related to the use of concurrent immunotherapy with hypofractionated RT, thus neoadjuvant or adjuvant immunotherapy is preferred. In the metastatic setting, the combination of multi-site RT with SBRT-like doses (≥ 6 Gy per fraction) and concurrent immunotherapy seems most efficacious at harnessing the abscopal effect. At least 25 clinical trials combining immunotherapy and RT in MIBC are currently ongoing and will answer pending questions on safety, efficacy, and practical considerations on RT scheduling, fractionation, and targets volumes. CONCLUSION RT has the potential to synergize with immunotherapy to improve oncological outcomes in patient with localized or metastatic MIBC. Clinical trials results are eagerly awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mame Daro-Faye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Department of Urology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Luis Souhami
- Fellow of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (FASTRO), Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gautier Marcq
- Department of Urology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI-Laser Assisted Therapies and Immunotherapies for Oncology, 59000, Lille, France.,Department of Urology, Claude Huriez Hospital, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Fabio Cury
- Fellow of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (FASTRO), Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tamim Niazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Paul Sargos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institut Bergonie, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Davidov V, Jensen G, Mai S, Chen SH, Pan PY. Analyzing One Cell at a TIME: Analysis of Myeloid Cell Contributions in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1842. [PMID: 32983100 PMCID: PMC7492293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-mediated regulation of the host immune system involves an intricate signaling network that results in the tumor's inherent survival benefit. Myeloid cells are central in orchestrating the mechanisms by which tumors escape immune detection and continue their proliferative programming. Myeloid cell activation has historically been classified using a dichotomous system of classical (M1-like) and alternative (M2-like) states, defining general pro- and anti-inflammatory functions, respectively. Explosions in bioinformatics analyses have rapidly expanded the definitions of myeloid cell pro- and anti-inflammatory states with different combinations of tissue- and disease-specific phenotypic and functional markers. These new definitions have allowed researchers to target specific subsets of disease-propagating myeloid cells in order to modify or arrest the natural progression of the associated disease, especially in the context of tumor-immune interactions. Here, we discuss the myeloid cell contribution to solid tumor initiation and maintenance, and strategies to reprogram their phenotypic and functional fate, thereby disabling the network that benefits tumor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliy Davidov
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States.,Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Garrett Jensen
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States.,Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sunny Mai
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States.,Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ping-Ying Pan
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States.,Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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Bleve A, Durante B, Sica A, Consonni FM. Lipid Metabolism and Cancer Immunotherapy: Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells at the Crossroad. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165845. [PMID: 32823961 PMCID: PMC7461616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression generates a chronic inflammatory state that dramatically influences hematopoiesis, originating different subsets of immune cells that can exert pro- or anti-tumor roles. Commitment towards one of these opposing phenotypes is driven by inflammatory and metabolic stimuli derived from the tumor-microenvironment (TME). Current immunotherapy protocols are based on the reprogramming of both specific and innate immune responses, in order to boost the intrinsic anti-tumoral activity of both compartments. Growing pre-clinical and clinical evidence highlights the key role of metabolism as a major influence on both immune and clinical responses of cancer patients. Indeed, nutrient competition (i.e., amino acids, glucose, fatty acids) between proliferating cancer cells and immune cells, together with inflammatory mediators, drastically affect the functionality of innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as their functional cross-talk. This review discusses new advances on the complex interplay between cancer-related inflammation, myeloid cell differentiation and lipid metabolism, highlighting the therapeutic potential of metabolic interventions as modulators of anticancer immune responses and catalysts of anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Bleve
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani, 2-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.B.); (B.D.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Barbara Durante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani, 2-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.B.); (B.D.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani, 2-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.B.); (B.D.); (F.M.C.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS–, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)-321-375881; Fax: +39-(0)-321-375821
| | - Francesca Maria Consonni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani, 2-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.B.); (B.D.); (F.M.C.)
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Hasnis E, Dahan A, Khoury W, Duek D, Fisher Y, Beny A, Shaked Y, Chowers Y, Half EE. Intratumoral HLA-DR -/CD33 +/CD11b + Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1375. [PMID: 32903466 PMCID: PMC7435035 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Capecitabine-based neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) is currently the mainstay of treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), prior to surgical tumor removal. While response to this treatment is partial, it carries significant risk of side effects. As of today, there is no accepted model to predict tumor response, and allow for patient stratification. The level of circulating Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a subpopulation of early myeloid cells (EMCs), has been shown to correlate with prognosis and response to therapy in advanced colon cancer, but their role in LARC is not clear. We sought to study the effect of intratumoral and circulating levels of different EMCs subpopulations including MDSCs on response to nCRT. We analyzed tumor, normal mucosa, and peripheral blood samples from 25 LARC patients for their different EMCs subpopulation before and after nCRT, and correlated them with degree of pathologic response, as determined postoperatively. In addition, we compared LARC patient to 10 healthy donors and 6 metastatic patients. CD33+HLA-DR−CD16−CD11b+EMCs in the circulation of LARC patients were found to inhibit T-cell activation. Furthermore, elevated levels of CD33+HLA-DR− myeloid cells were found in the tumor relative to normal mucosa, but not in the circulation when compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, intratumoral, but not circulating levels of MDSCs correlated with clinical stage and response to therapy in patients treated with nCRT, with high levels of MDSCs significantly predicting poor response to nCRT. Importantly, therapy by itself, had significant differential effects on MDSC levels, leading to increased circulating MDSCs, concomitantly with decreasing intratumoral MDSCs. Our results suggest that high levels of intratumoral, but not circulating MDSCs may confer drug resistance due to immunomodulatory effects, and serve as a biomarker for patient stratification and decision-making prior to nCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Hasnis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam HealthCare Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Aviva Dahan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam HealthCare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Wissam Khoury
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Rambam HealthCare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel Duek
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Rambam HealthCare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yael Fisher
- Department of Pathology, Rambam HealthCare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alex Beny
- Department of Oncology, Rambam HealthCare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yuval Shaked
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yehuda Chowers
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam HealthCare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elizabeth E Half
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam HealthCare Campus, Haifa, Israel
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