1
|
Khokhar B, Chiang B, Iglay K, Reynolds K, Rodriguez-Ormaza N, Spalding W, Freedland E. QT-Interval Prolongation, Torsades de Pointes, and Heart Failure With EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Systematic Review. Clin Lung Cancer 2024; 25:285-318. [PMID: 38553324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
A systematic literature review was conducted to determine the incidence and mortality of QT-interval prolongation (QTp), torsades de pointes (TdP), and heart failure (HF) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TKIs. Of 296 identified publications, 95 met eligibility criteria and were abstracted for QTp/TdP and HF outcomes (QTp/TdP: 83 publications, including 5 case study publications; HF: 79 publications, including 6 case study publications [involving 8 patients]). QTp incidence ranged from 0% to 27.8% in observational studies and from 0% to 11% in clinical trials, with no deaths due to QTp. There were no TdP events or deaths due to TdP. The incidence of HF ranged from 0% to 8%, and HF mortality rates ranged from 0% to 4%. Patients receiving treatment with EGFR TKIs should be monitored for signs of QTp, TdP, and HF per prescribing information. Standardized definitions and methods to improve monitoring of QTp, TdP, and HF-related events are needed in patients with NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Khokhar
- Global Evidence and Outcomes, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA.
| | - Beatrice Chiang
- Global Patient Safety Evaluation, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA
| | - Kristy Iglay
- Real-world Evidence and Patient Outcomes, CERobs Consulting, LLC, Wrightsville Beach, NC
| | - Kamika Reynolds
- Real-world Evidence and Patient Outcomes, CERobs Consulting, LLC, Wrightsville Beach, NC; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Nidia Rodriguez-Ormaza
- Real-world Evidence and Patient Outcomes, CERobs Consulting, LLC, Wrightsville Beach, NC; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - William Spalding
- Global Evidence and Outcomes, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA
| | - Eric Freedland
- Global Patient Safety Evaluation, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guan J, Borenäs M, Xiong J, Lai WY, Palmer RH, Hallberg B. IGF1R Contributes to Cell Proliferation in ALK-Mutated Neuroblastoma with Preference for Activating the PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4252. [PMID: 37686528 PMCID: PMC10563084 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) by activating point mutation or amplification drives 5-12% of neuroblastoma (NB). Previous work has identified the involvement of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) in a wide range of cancers. We show here that many NB cell lines exhibit IGF1R activity, and that IGF1R inhibition led to decreased cell proliferation to varying degrees in ALK-driven NB cells. Furthermore, combined inhibition of ALK and IGF1R resulted in synergistic anti-proliferation effects, in particular in ALK-mutated NB cells. Mechanistically, both ALK and IGF1R contribute significantly to the activation of downstream PI3K-AKT and RAS-MAPK signaling pathways in ALK-mutated NB cells. However, these two RTKs employ a differential repertoire of adaptor proteins to mediate downstream signaling effects. We show here that ALK signaling led to activation of the RAS-MAPK pathway by preferentially phosphorylating the adaptor proteins GAB1, GAB2, and FRS2, while IGF1R signaling preferentially phosphorylated IRS2, promoting activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway. Together, these findings reveal a potentially important role of the IGF1R RTK in ALK-mutated NB and that co-targeting of ALK and IGF1R may be advantageous in clinical treatment of ALK-mutated NB patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jikui Guan
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| | - Marcus Borenäs
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| | - Junfeng Xiong
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Wei-Yun Lai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| | - Ruth H. Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ajay AK, Chu P, Patel P, Deban C, Roychowdhury C, Heda R, Halawi A, Saad A, Younis N, Zhang H, Jiang X, Nasr M, Hsiao LL, Lin G, Azzi JR. High-Throughput/High Content Imaging Screen Identifies Novel Small Molecule Inhibitors and Immunoproteasomes as Therapeutic Targets for Chordoma. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1274. [PMID: 37111759 PMCID: PMC10145398 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chordomas account for approximately 1-4% of all malignant bone tumors and 20% of primary tumors of the spinal column. It is a rare disease, with an incidence estimated to be approximately 1 per 1,000,000 people. The underlying causative mechanism of chordoma is unknown, which makes it challenging to treat. Chordomas have been linked to the T-box transcription factor T (TBXT) gene located on chromosome 6. The TBXT gene encodes a protein transcription factor TBXT, or brachyury homolog. Currently, there is no approved targeted therapy for chordoma. Here, we performed a small molecule screening to identify small chemical molecules and therapeutic targets for treating chordoma. We screened 3730 unique compounds and selected 50 potential hits. The top three hits were Ribociclib, Ingenol-3-angelate, and Duvelisib. Among the top 10 hits, we found a novel class of small molecules, including proteasomal inhibitors, as promising molecules that reduce the proliferation of human chordoma cells. Furthermore, we discovered that proteasomal subunits PSMB5 and PSMB8 are increased in human chordoma cell lines U-CH1 and U-CH2, confirming that the proteasome may serve as a molecular target whose specific inhibition may lead to better therapeutic strategies for chordoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrendra K. Ajay
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Chu
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
| | - Poojan Patel
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christa Deban
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
| | - Chitran Roychowdhury
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
| | - Radhika Heda
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
| | - Ahmad Halawi
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anis Saad
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nour Younis
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiuju Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mahmoud Nasr
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Li-Li Hsiao
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gang Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jamil R. Azzi
- Transplant Research Centre, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA (R.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Macvanin M, Gluvic Z, Radovanovic J, Essack M, Gao X, Isenovic ER. New insights on the cardiovascular effects of IGF-1. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1142644. [PMID: 36843588 PMCID: PMC9947133 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1142644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular (CV) disorders are steadily increasing, making them the world's most prevalent health issue. New research highlights the importance of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) for maintaining CV health. METHODS We searched PubMed and MEDLINE for English and non-English articles with English abstracts published between 1957 (when the first report on IGF-1 identification was published) and 2022. The top search terms were: IGF-1, cardiovascular disease, IGF-1 receptors, IGF-1 and microRNAs, therapeutic interventions with IGF-1, IGF-1 and diabetes, IGF-1 and cardiovascular disease. The search retrieved original peer-reviewed articles, which were further analyzed, focusing on the role of IGF-1 in pathophysiological conditions. We specifically focused on including the most recent findings published in the past five years. RESULTS IGF-1, an anabolic growth factor, regulates cell division, proliferation, and survival. In addition to its well-known growth-promoting and metabolic effects, there is mounting evidence that IGF-1 plays a specialized role in the complex activities that underpin CV function. IGF-1 promotes cardiac development and improves cardiac output, stroke volume, contractility, and ejection fraction. Furthermore, IGF-1 mediates many growth hormones (GH) actions. IGF-1 stimulates contractility and tissue remodeling in humans to improve heart function after myocardial infarction. IGF-1 also improves the lipid profile, lowers insulin levels, increases insulin sensitivity, and promotes glucose metabolism. These findings point to the intriguing medicinal potential of IGF-1. Human studies associate low serum levels of free or total IGF-1 with an increased risk of CV and cerebrovascular illness. Extensive human trials are being conducted to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and outcomes of IGF-1-related therapy. DISCUSSION We anticipate the development of novel IGF-1-related therapy with minimal side effects. This review discusses recent findings on the role of IGF-1 in the cardiovascular (CVD) system, including both normal and pathological conditions. We also discuss progress in therapeutic interventions aimed at targeting the IGF axis and provide insights into the epigenetic regulation of IGF-1 mediated by microRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- *Correspondence: Mirjana Macvanin,
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Radovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Gao
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee JS, Tocheny CE, Shaw LM. The Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer: An Elusive Therapeutic Target. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121992. [PMID: 36556357 PMCID: PMC9782138 DOI: 10.3390/life12121992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of the role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway in breast cancer and discuss its potential as a therapeutic target. The IGF pathway ligands, IGF-1 and IGF-2, and their receptors, primarily IGF-1R, are important for normal mammary gland biology, and dysregulation of their expression and function drives breast cancer risk and progression through activation of downstream signaling effectors, often in a subtype-dependent manner. The IGF signaling pathway has also been implicated in resistance to current therapeutic strategies, including ER and HER2 targeting drugs. Unfortunately, efforts to target IGF signaling for the treatment of breast cancer have been unsuccessful, due to a number of factors, most significantly the adverse effects of disrupting IGF signaling on normal glucose metabolism. We highlight here the recent discoveries that provide enthusiasm for continuing efforts to target IGF signaling for the treatment of breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leslie M. Shaw
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-508-856-8675; Fax: +1-508-856-1310
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Werner H, LeRoith D. Hallmarks of cancer: The insulin-like growth factors perspective. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1055589. [PMID: 36479090 PMCID: PMC9720135 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1055589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of a series of attributes or hallmarks that are shared by virtually all cancer cells constitutes a true milestone in cancer research. The conceptualization of a catalogue of common genetic, molecular, biochemical and cellular events under a unifying Hallmarks of Cancer idea had a major impact in oncology. Furthermore, the fact that different types of cancer, ranging from pediatric tumors and leukemias to adult epithelial cancers, share a large number of fundamental traits reflects the universal nature of the biological events involved in oncogenesis. The dissection of a complex disease like cancer into a finite directory of hallmarks is of major basic and translational relevance. The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) as a progression/survival factor required for normal cell cycle transition has been firmly established. Similarly well characterized are the biochemical and cellular activities of IGF1 and IGF2 in the chain of events leading from a phenotypically normal cell to a diseased one harboring neoplastic traits, including growth factor independence, loss of cell-cell contact inhibition, chromosomal abnormalities, accumulation of mutations, activation of oncogenes, etc. The purpose of the present review is to provide an in-depth evaluation of the biology of IGF1 at the light of paradigms that emerge from analysis of cancer hallmarks. Given the fact that the IGF1 axis emerged in recent years as a promising therapeutic target, we believe that a careful exploration of this signaling system might be of critical importance on our ability to design and optimize cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hang J, Ouyang H, Wei F, Zhong Q, Yuan W, Jiang L, Liu Z. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics of chordoma biopsies reveal alterations in multiple pathways and aberrant kinases activities. Front Oncol 2022; 12:941046. [PMID: 36248973 PMCID: PMC9563620 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.941046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chordoma is a slow-growing but malignant subtype of bone sarcoma with relatively high recurrence rates and high resistance to chemotherapy. It is urgent to understand the underlying regulatory networks to determine more effective potential targets. Phosphorylative regulation is currently regarded as playing a significant role in tumorigenesis, and the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in clinical practice has yielded new promise for the treatment of a variety of sarcoma types. Materials and methods We performed comprehensive proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of chordoma using four-dimensional label-free liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and bioinformatics analysis. The potential aberrantly expressed kinases and their functions were validated using western blotting and CCK-8 assays. Results Compared with paired normal muscle tissues, 1,139 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 776 differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs) were identified in chordoma tumor tissues. The developmentally significant Wnt-signaling pathway and oxidative phosphorylation were aberrant in chordoma. Moreover, we predicted three kinases (AURA, CDK9, and MOK) with elevated activity by kinase-pathway network analysis (KiPNA) and verified their increased expression levels. The knockdown of these kinases markedly suppressed chordoma cell growth, and this was also the case for cells treated with the CDK9 inhibitor AZD4573. We additionally examined 208 proteins whose expression and phosphorylation levels were synergetically altered. Conclusions We herein depicted the collective protein profiles of chordomas, providing insight into chordomagenesis and the potential development of new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqiang Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qihang Zhong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wanqiong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongjun Liu, ; Liang Jiang, ; Wanqiong Yuan,
| | - Liang Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongjun Liu, ; Liang Jiang, ; Wanqiong Yuan,
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongjun Liu, ; Liang Jiang, ; Wanqiong Yuan,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Optimization of the 4-anilinoquin(az)oline scaffold as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for chordoma utilizing a toxicology profiling assay platform. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12820. [PMID: 35896603 PMCID: PMC9329436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The 4-anilinoquin(az)oline is a well-known kinase inhibitor scaffold incorporated in clinical inhibitors including gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, and lapatinib, all of which have previously demonstrated activity against chordoma cell lines in vitro. We screened a focused array of compounds based on the 4-anilinoquin(az)oline scaffold against both U-CH1 and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor resistant U-CH2. To prioritize the hit compounds for further development, we screened the compound set in a multiparameter cell health toxicity assay. The de-risked compounds were then screened against a wider panel of patient derived cell lines and demonstrated low micromolar efficacy in cells. We also investigated the properties that gave rise to the toxophore markers, including the structural and electronic features, while optimizing for EGFR in-cell target engagement. These de-risked leads present a potential new therapeutic avenue for treatment of chordomas and new chemical tools and probe compound 45 (UNC-CA359) to interrogate EGFR mediated disease phenotypes.
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu X, Qiu Y, Chen S, Wang S, Yang R, Liu B, Li Y, Deng J, Su Y, Lin Z, Gu J, Li S, Huang L, Zhou Y. Different roles of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in non-small cell lung cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:2052-2064. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220608122934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the deadliest malignant diseases, with high incidence and mortality worldwide. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, consisting of IGF-1, IGF-2, related receptors (IGF-1R, -2R), and high-affinity binding proteins (IGFBP 1–6), is associated with promoting fetal development, tissue growth, and metabolism. Emerging studies have also identified the role of the IGF axis in NSCLC, including cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Upregulation of IGE-1 and IGF-2, overexpression of IGF-1R, and dysregulation of downstream signaling molecules involved in the PI-3K/Akt and MAPK pathways jointly increase the risk of cancer growth and migration in NSCLC. At the genetic level, some noncoding RNAs could influence the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells through the IGF signaling pathway. The resistance to some promising drugs might be partially attributed to the IGF axis. Therapeutic strategies targeting the IGF axis have been evaluated, and some have shown promising efficacy. In this review, we summarize the biological roles of the IGF axis in NSCLC, including the expression and prognostic significance of the related components, noncoding RNA regulation, involvement in drug resistance, and therapeutic application. This review offers comprehensive understanding of NSCLC and provides insightful ideas for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiongye Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baomo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiating Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziying Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincui Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoli Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang P, Mak VCY, Cheung LWT. Drugging IGF-1R in cancer: New insights and emerging opportunities. Genes Dis 2022; 10:199-211. [PMID: 37013053 PMCID: PMC10066341 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis plays important roles in cancer development and metastasis. The type 1 IGF receptor (IGF-1R) is a key member in the IGF axis and has long been recognized for its oncogenic role in multiple cancer lineages. Here we review the occurrence of IGF-1R aberrations and activation mechanisms in cancers, which justify the development of anti-IGF-1R therapies. We describe the therapeutic agents available for IGF-1R inhibition, with focuses on the recent or ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies. These include antisense oligonucleotide, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies which may be conjugated with cytotoxic drug. Remarkably, simultaneous targeting of IGF-1R and several other oncogenic vulnerabilities has shown early promise, highlighting the potential benefits of combination therapy. Further, we discuss the challenges in targeting IGF-1R so far and new concepts to improve therapeutic efficacy such as blockage of the nuclear translocation of IGF-1R.
Collapse
|
11
|
Al Shihabi A, Davarifar A, Nguyen HTL, Tavanaie N, Nelson SD, Yanagawa J, Federman N, Bernthal N, Hornicek F, Soragni A. Personalized chordoma organoids for drug discovery studies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl3674. [PMID: 35171675 PMCID: PMC8849332 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl3674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chordomas are rare tumors of notochordal origin, most commonly arising in the sacrum or skull base. Chordomas are considered insensitive to conventional chemotherapy, and their rarity complicates running timely and adequately powered trials to identify effective treatments. Therefore, there is a need for discovery of novel therapeutic approaches. Patient-derived organoids can accelerate drug discovery and development studies and predict patient responses to therapy. In this proof-of-concept study, we successfully established organoids from seven chordoma tumor samples obtained from five patients presenting with tumors in different sites and stages of disease. The organoids recapitulated features of the original parent tumors and inter- as well as intrapatient heterogeneity. High-throughput screenings performed on the organoids highlighted targeted agents such as PI3K/mTOR, EGFR, and JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors among the most effective molecules. Pathway analysis underscored how the NF-κB and IGF-1R pathways are sensitive to perturbations and potential targets to pursue for combination therapy of chordoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Shihabi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ardalan Davarifar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Huyen Thi Lam Nguyen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nasrin Tavanaie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Scott D. Nelson
- Department of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jane Yanagawa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noah Federman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Bernthal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francis Hornicek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alice Soragni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xiao D, Huang Y, Huang S, Zhuang J, Chen P, Wang Y, Zhang L. Targeted delivery of cancer drug paclitaxel to chordomas tumor cells via an RNA nanoparticle harboring an EGFR aptamer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 212:112366. [PMID: 35144131 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel has been extensively used in clinics for cancer treatment. However, its limited solubility in aqueous solution and high occurrence of side effects have also been widely reported. In this study, we constructed a biocompatible RNA nanoparticle delivery system (3WJ-EGFRapt) that includes 3WJ (3-way junction) nanoparticle with a size of 4.85 ± 0.59 nm as a backbone and an EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) aptamer for specific targeting to chordomas cells, which owns the encapsulation ability of drug paclitaxel (PTX) for cancer therapy. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry results confirmed 3WJ-EGFRapt nanoparticle exhibited excellent specific targeting to chordomas cell U-CH2 which is an EGFR(+) cell line; while the 3WJ nanoparticle lose the targeted ability. Both of the two nanoparticles own no sensitivity to lung cancer cell H520 which is an EGFR(-) cell line. Moreover, the 3WJ-EGFRapt nanoparticle encapsulated drug PTX could enhance the inhibition efficiency of chordomas tumor cells U-CH2 as compared to free PTX alone. This work demonstrates that RNA-3WJ constructed with a targeting aptamer provides a compromising targeted drug delivery ability on chordomas cells for therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yongxiong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shuaihao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jianxiong Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - P Chen
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Yi Wang
- Nanopeptide (Qingdao) Biotechnology LTD, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bleijs M, Pleijte C, Engels S, Ringnalda F, Meyer-Wentrup F, van de Wetering M, Clevers H. EWSR1-WT1 Target Genes and Therapeutic Options Identified in a Novel DSRCT In Vitro Model. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236072. [PMID: 34885181 PMCID: PMC8657306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an extremely rare soft tissue sarcoma arising in the abdomen of adolescents and young adults. This sarcoma is driven by a single genomic rearrangement, resulting in the expression of the EWSR1-WT1 fusion gene. No effective treatment exists for DSRCT patients, which highlights the need for preclinical models to study disease progression and drug sensitivity. The aim of this study is to develop a pre-clinical DSRCT in vitro model, which enables investigating the molecular target genes of the EWSR1-WT1 fusion gene and allows for medium-throughput drug screening to discover new therapeutic options. Abstract Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and aggressive soft tissue sarcoma with a lack of effective treatment options and a poor prognosis. DSRCT is characterized by a chromosomal translocation, resulting in the EWSR1-WT1 gene fusion. The molecular mechanisms driving DSRCT are poorly understood, and a paucity of preclinical models hampers DSRCT research. Here, we establish a novel primary patient-derived DSRCT in vitro model, recapitulating the original tumor. We find that EWSR1-WT1 expression affects cell shape and cell survival, and we identify downstream target genes of the EWSR1-WT1 fusion. Additionally, this preclinical in vitro model allows for medium-throughput drug screening. We discover sensitivity to several drugs, including compounds targeting RTKs. MERTK, which has been described as a therapeutic target for several malignancies, correlates with EWSR1-WT1 expression. Inhibition of MERTK with the small-molecule inhibitor UNC2025 results in reduced proliferation of DSRCT cells in vitro, suggesting MERTK as a therapeutic target in DSRCT. This study underscores the usefulness of preclinical in vitro models for studying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margit Bleijs
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Corine Pleijte
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sem Engels
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Ringnalda
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Friederike Meyer-Wentrup
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
| | - Marc van de Wetering
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
| | - Hans Clevers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Teixido C, Castillo P, Martinez-Vila C, Arance A, Alos L. Molecular Markers and Targets in Melanoma. Cells 2021; 10:2320. [PMID: 34571969 PMCID: PMC8469294 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma develops as a result of several genetic alterations, with UV radiation often acting as a mutagenic risk factor. Deep knowledge of the molecular signaling pathways of different types of melanoma allows better characterization and provides tools for the development of therapies based on the intervention of signals promoted by these cascades. The latest World Health Organization classification acknowledged the specific genetic drivers leading to melanoma and classifies melanocytic lesions into nine distinct categories according to the associate cumulative sun damage (CSD), which correlates with the molecular alterations of tumors. The largest groups are melanomas associated with low-CSD or superficial spreading melanomas, characterized by frequent presentation of the BRAFV600 mutation. High-CSD melanomas include lentigo maligna type and desmoplastic melanomas, which often have a high mutation burden and can harbor NRAS, BRAFnon-V600E, or NF1 mutations. Non-CSD-associated melanomas encompass acral and mucosal melanomas that usually do not show BRAF, NRAS, or NF1 mutations (triple wild-type), but in a subset may have KIT or SF3B1 mutations. To improve survival, these driver alterations can be treated with targeted therapy achieving significant antitumor activity. In recent years, relevant improvement in the prognosis and survival of patients with melanoma has been achieved, since the introduction of BRAF/MEK tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of molecular pathways and discuss current and potential therapeutic targets in melanoma, focusing on their clinical relevance of development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Teixido
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (P.C.); (L.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Paola Castillo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (P.C.); (L.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Clara Martinez-Vila
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Medical Oncology, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Dr. Joan Soler, 1–3, 08243 Manresa, Spain
| | - Ana Arance
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Llucia Alos
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (P.C.); (L.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen F, Shi Q, Pei F, Vogt A, Porritt RA, Garcia G, Gomez AC, Cheng MH, Schurdak ME, Liu B, Chan SY, Arumugaswami V, Stern AM, Taylor DL, Arditi M, Bahar I. A systems-level study reveals host-targeted repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mol Syst Biol 2021; 17:e10239. [PMID: 34339582 PMCID: PMC8328275 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection and identifying potential therapeutics are global imperatives. Using a quantitative systems pharmacology approach, we identified a set of repurposable and investigational drugs as potential therapeutics against COVID-19. These were deduced from the gene expression signature of SARS-CoV-2-infected A549 cells screened against Connectivity Map and prioritized by network proximity analysis with respect to disease modules in the viral-host interactome. We also identified immuno-modulating compounds aiming at suppressing hyperinflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients, based on the transcriptome of ACE2-overexpressing A549 cells. Experiments with Vero-E6 cells infected by SARS-CoV-2, as well as independent syncytia formation assays for probing ACE2/SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell fusion using HEK293T and Calu-3 cells, showed that several predicted compounds had inhibitory activities. Among them, salmeterol, rottlerin, and mTOR inhibitors exhibited antiviral activities in Vero-E6 cells; imipramine, linsitinib, hexylresorcinol, ezetimibe, and brompheniramine impaired viral entry. These novel findings provide new paths for broadening the repertoire of compounds pursued as therapeutics against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Chen
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qingya Shi
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fen Pei
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery InstitutePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Andreas Vogt
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery InstitutePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Rebecca A Porritt
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and ImmunologyCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
- Biomedical Sciences, Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research CenterCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Angela C Gomez
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and ImmunologyCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Mary Hongying Cheng
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Mark E Schurdak
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery InstitutePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Andrew M Stern
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery InstitutePittsburghPAUSA
| | - D Lansing Taylor
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery InstitutePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and ImmunologyCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
- Biomedical Sciences, Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research CenterCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery InstitutePittsburghPAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao T, Siu IM, Williamson T, Zhang H, Ji C, Burger PC, Connis N, Ruzevick J, Xia M, Cottone L, Flanagan AM, Hann CL, Gallia GL. AZD8055 enhances in vivo efficacy of afatinib in chordomas. J Pathol 2021; 255:72-83. [PMID: 34124783 DOI: 10.1002/path.5739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Chordomas are primary bone tumors that arise in the cranial base, mobile spine, and sacrococcygeal region, affecting patients of all ages. Currently, there are no approved agents for chordoma patients. Here, we evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy of small molecule inhibitors that target oncogenic pathways in chordoma, as single agents and in combination, to identify novel therapeutic approaches with the greatest translational potential. A panel of small molecule compounds was screened in vivo against patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of chordoma, and potentially synergistic combinations were further evaluated using chordoma cell lines and xenograft models. Among the tested agents, inhibitors of EGFR (BIBX 1382, erlotinib, and afatinib), c-MET (crizotinib), and mTOR (AZD8055) significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo but did not induce tumor regression. Co-inhibition of EGFR and c-MET using erlotinib and crizotinib synergistically reduced cell viability in chordoma cell lines but did not result in enhanced in vivo activity. Co-inhibition of EGFR and mTOR pathways using afatinib and AZD8055 synergistically reduced cell viability in chordoma cell lines. Importantly, this dual inhibition completely suppressed tumor growth in vivo, showing improved tumor control. Together, these data demonstrate that individual inhibitors of EGFR, c-MET, and mTOR pathways suppress chordoma growth both in vitro and in vivo. mTOR inhibition increased the efficacy of EGFR inhibition on chordoma growth in several preclinical models. The insights gained from our study potentially provide a novel combination therapeutic strategy for patients with chordoma. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianna Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - I-Mei Siu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tara Williamson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chenchen Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter C Burger
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nick Connis
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jacob Ruzevick
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lucia Cottone
- Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.,Histopathology Department, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
| | - Christine L Hann
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gary L Gallia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Achlaug L, Somri-Gannam L, Meisel-Sharon S, Sarfstein R, Dixit M, Yakar S, Hallak M, Laron Z, Werner H, Bruchim I. ZYG11A Is Expressed in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Correlates With Low Grade Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:688104. [PMID: 34220714 PMCID: PMC8249937 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.688104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGF) are important players in the development of gynecological malignancies, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The identification of biomarkers that can help in the diagnosis and scoring of EOC patients is of fundamental importance in clinical oncology. We have recently identified the ZYG11A gene as a new candidate target of IGF1 action. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of ZYG11A in EOC patients and to correlate its pattern of expression with histological grade and pathological stage. Furthermore, and in view of previous analyses showing an interplay between ZYG11A, p53 and the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), we assessed a potential coordinated expression of these proteins in EOC. In addition, zyg11a expression was assessed in ovaries and uteri of growth hormone receptor (GHR) knock-out mice. Tissue microarray analysis was conducted on 36 patients with EOC and expression of ZYG11A, IGF1R and p53 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Expression levels were correlated with clinical parameters. qPCR was employed to assess zyg11a mRNA levels in mice tissues. Our analyses provide evidence of reduced ZYG11A expression in high grade tumors, consistent with a putative tumor suppressor role. In addition, an inverse correlation between ZYG11A and p53 levels in individual tumors was noticed. Taken together, our data justify further exploration of the role of ZYG11A as a novel biomarker in EOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laris Achlaug
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lina Somri-Gannam
- Gynecology Oncology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shilhav Meisel-Sharon
- Gynecology Oncology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Manisha Dixit
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mordechai Hallak
- Gynecology Oncology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zvi Laron
- Endocrine and Diabetes Research Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Bruchim
- Gynecology Oncology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shibel R, Sarfstein R, Nagaraj K, Lapkina-Gendler L, Laron Z, Dixit M, Yakar S, Werner H. The Olfactory Receptor Gene Product, OR5H2, Modulates Endometrial Cancer Cells Proliferation via Interaction with the IGF1 Signaling Pathway. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061483. [PMID: 34204736 PMCID: PMC8231575 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in Western countries. The insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) axis has an important role in endometrial cancer biology and emerged as a promising therapeutic target in oncology. However, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers that may help in patient stratification and prognosis. Laron syndrome (LS) is a type of dwarfism that results from the mutation of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene, leading to congenital IGF1 deficiency. While high circulating IGF1 is regarded as a risk factor in cancer, epidemiological studies have shown that LS patients are protected from cancer development. Recent genome-wide profilings conducted on LS-derived lymphoblastoid cells led to the identification of a series of genes whose over- or under-representation in this condition might be mechanistically linked to cancer protection. The olfactory receptor 5 subfamily H member 2 (OR5H2) was the top downregulated gene in LS, its expression level being 5.8-fold lower than in the control cells. In addition to their typical role in the olfactory epithelium, olfactory receptors (ORs) are expressed in multiple tissues and play non-classical roles in various pathologies, including cancer. The aim of our study was to investigate the regulation of OR5H2 gene expression by IGF1 in endometrial cancer. Data showed that IGF1 and insulin stimulate OR5H2 mRNA and the protein levels in uterine cancer cell lines expressing either a wild-type or a mutant p53. OR5H2 silencing led to IGF1R downregulation, with ensuing reductions in the downstream cytoplasmic mediators. In addition, OR5H2 knockdown reduced the proliferation rate and cell cycle progression. Analyses of olfr196 (the mouse orthologue of OR5H2) mRNA expression in animal models of GHR deficiency or GH overexpression corroborated the human data. In summary, OR5H2 emerged as a novel target for positive regulation by IGF1, with potential relevance in endometrial cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rand Shibel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.S.); (R.S.); (K.N.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.S.); (R.S.); (K.N.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Karthik Nagaraj
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.S.); (R.S.); (K.N.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Lena Lapkina-Gendler
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.S.); (R.S.); (K.N.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Zvi Laron
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Petah Tikva 49292, Israel;
| | - Manisha Dixit
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086, USA; (M.D.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086, USA; (M.D.); (S.Y.)
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.S.); (R.S.); (K.N.); (L.L.-G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu Q, Tian AL, Li B, Leduc M, Forveille S, Hamley P, Galloway W, Xie W, Liu P, Zhao L, Zhang S, Hui P, Madeo F, Tu Y, Kepp O, Kroemer G. IGF1 receptor inhibition amplifies the effects of cancer drugs by autophagy and immune-dependent mechanisms. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002722. [PMID: 34127545 PMCID: PMC8204183 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological autophagy enhancement constitutes a preclinically validated strategy for preventing or treating most major age-associated diseases. Driven by this consideration, we performed a high-content/high-throughput screen on 65 000 distinct compounds on a robotized fluorescence microscopy platform to identify novel autophagy inducers. RESULTS Here, we report the discovery of picropodophyllin (PPP) as a potent inducer of autophagic flux that acts on-target, as an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). Thus, PPP lost its autophagy-stimulatory activity in cells engineered to lack IGF1R or to express a constitutively active AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) mutant. When administered to cancer-bearing mice, PPP improved the therapeutic efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy with a combination of immunogenic cytotoxicants and programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, better known as PD-1) blockade. These PPP effects were lost when tumors were rendered PPP-insensitive or autophagy-incompetent. In combination with chemotherapy, PPP enhanced the infiltration of tumors by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, while reducing regulatory T cells. In human triple-negative breast cancer patients, the activating phosphorylation of IGF1R correlated with inhibited autophagy, an unfavorable local immune profile, and poor prognosis. CONCLUSION Altogether, these results suggest that IGF1R may constitute a novel and druggable therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer in conjunction with chemoimmunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Ai-Ling Tian
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Marion Leduc
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sabrina Forveille
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Wei Xie
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Pan Hui
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yi Tu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Akinduro OO, Suarez-Meade P, Garcia D, Brown DA, Sarabia-Estrada R, Attia S, Gokaslan ZL, Quiñones-Hinojosa A. Targeted Therapy for Chordoma: Key Molecular Signaling Pathways and the Role of Multimodal Therapy. Target Oncol 2021; 16:325-337. [PMID: 33893940 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-021-00814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chordoma is a rare but devastating tumor that arises in the cranial skull base or spine. There are currently no US Food and Drug Administration-approved targeted therapies for chordoma, and little understanding of whether using more than one therapy has benefit over monotherapy. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to systematically review the current status of clinical trials completed for patients with chordoma to determine if multimodal therapy offers a benefit in progression-free survival over monomodal therapy. METHODS We performed a systematic review of the literature according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to review the available clinical trials of targeted therapy for chordoma. We compiled the clinical data to determine if there is a benefit of multimodal therapy over monotherapy. RESULTS Our search resulted in 11 clinical trials including 270 patients with advanced chordoma who were treated with targeted therapies. The most commonly employed targeted therapies acted within the following pathways: platelet-derived growth factor receptor (187 patients), vascular endothelial growth factor (66 patients), and mammalian target of rapamycin (43 patients). Reported progression-free survival for included studies ranged from 2.5 to 58 months, with the longest progression-free survival in a trial that included a platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitor, nilotinib, and concurrent radiotherapy (58.2 months). There was a higher range of progression-free survival for trials treating patients with multimodal therapy (10.2-14 months vs 2.5-9.2 months, except for a monotherapy trial published in 2020 with a progression-free survival of 18 months), and those published in 2018 or later (14-58.2 months vs 2.5-10.2 months). Only 23% of patients with chordoma in published clinical trials have been treated with multimodal therapy. CONCLUSIONS Progression-free survival may be enhanced by the use of targeted therapy with concurrent radiotherapy, use of multimodal therapy, and use of newer targeted therapy. Future clinical trials should consider use of concurrent radiotherapy and multimodal therapy for patients with advanced chordoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun O Akinduro
- Brain Tumor Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd. S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Paola Suarez-Meade
- Brain Tumor Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd. S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Diogo Garcia
- Brain Tumor Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd. S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Rachel Sarabia-Estrada
- Brain Tumor Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd. S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Steven Attia
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ziya L Gokaslan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa
- Brain Tumor Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd. S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fernandes I, Melo-Alvim C, Lopes-Brás R, Esperança-Martins M, Costa L. Osteosarcoma Pathogenesis Leads the Way to New Target Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E813. [PMID: 33467481 PMCID: PMC7831017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare condition with very poor prognosis in a metastatic setting. Basic research has enabled a better understanding of OS pathogenesis and the discovery of new potential therapeutic targets. Phase I and II clinical trials are already ongoing, with some promising results for these patients. This article reviews OS pathogenesis and new potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fernandes
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília Melo-Alvim
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
| | - Raquel Lopes-Brás
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
| | - Miguel Esperança-Martins
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
- Sérgio Dias Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Costa
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fuentes-Baile M, Ventero MP, Encinar JA, García-Morales P, Poveda-Deltell M, Pérez-Valenciano E, Barberá VM, Gallego-Plazas J, Rodríguez-Lescure Á, Martín-Nieto J, Saceda M. Differential Effects of IGF-1R Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors BMS-754807 and OSI-906 on Human Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123717. [PMID: 33322337 PMCID: PMC7763458 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We have tested the effects of IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitors BMS-754807 (BMS) and OSI-906 (OSI) on human colon, pancreatic carcinoma cell, and glioblastoma cell lines and primary cultures. Although OSI and BMS are able to inhibit IGF-1R activity at low doses, the differential effect on cell proliferation and cell-cycle phase distribution shown by both compounds probes that many effects observed are mediated by BMS off-target interactions. Using MAPKs ELISAs and phospho-RTK array analysis, we have identified several BMS regulated putative kinases able to mediate BMS off-target effects. Interestingly, molecular docking assays suggest that BMS could affect these kinases not only by blocking their ATP-binding domain, but also by means of allosteric interactions. Since BMS has an important antineoplastic effect on these poor prognosis types of cancer, these compounds could be taken in consideration for treatment independently of IGF-1R status. Abstract We have determined the effects of the IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitors BMS-754807 (BMS) and OSI-906 (OSI) on cell proliferation and cell-cycle phase distribution in human colon, pancreatic carcinoma, and glioblastoma cell lines and primary cultures. IGF-1R signaling was blocked by BMS and OSI at equivalent doses, although both inhibitors exhibited differential antiproliferative effects. In all pancreatic carcinoma cell lines tested, BMS exerted a strong antiproliferative effect, whereas OSI had a minimal effect. Similar results were obtained on glioblastoma primary cultures, where HGUE-GB-15, -16 and -17 displayed resistance to OSI effects, whereas they were inhibited in their proliferation by BMS. Differential effects of BMS and OSI were also observed in colon carcinoma cell lines. Both inhibitors also showed different effects on cell cycle phase distribution, BMS induced G2/M arrest followed by cell death, while OSI induced G1 arrest with no cell death. Both inhibitors also showed different effects on other protein kinases activities. Taken together, our results are indicative that BMS mainly acts through off-target effects exerted on other protein kinases. Given that BMS exhibits a potent antiproliferative effect, we believe that this compound could be useful for the treatment of different types of tumors independently of their IGF-1R activation status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Fuentes-Baile
- Unidad de Investigación, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (M.F.-B.); (V.M.B.)
| | - María P. Ventero
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03005 Alicante, Spain;
| | - José A. Encinar
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (P.G.-M.); (M.P.-D.); (E.P.-V.)
- Correspondence: (J.A.E.); (M.S.); Tel.: +34-966658432 (M.S.)
| | - Pilar García-Morales
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (P.G.-M.); (M.P.-D.); (E.P.-V.)
| | - María Poveda-Deltell
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (P.G.-M.); (M.P.-D.); (E.P.-V.)
| | - Elizabeth Pérez-Valenciano
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (P.G.-M.); (M.P.-D.); (E.P.-V.)
| | - Víctor M. Barberá
- Unidad de Investigación, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (M.F.-B.); (V.M.B.)
- Unidad de Genética Molecular, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203 Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Javier Gallego-Plazas
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (J.G.-P.); (Á.R.-L.)
| | - Álvaro Rodríguez-Lescure
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (J.G.-P.); (Á.R.-L.)
| | - José Martín-Nieto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Miguel Saceda
- Unidad de Investigación, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (M.F.-B.); (V.M.B.)
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain; (P.G.-M.); (M.P.-D.); (E.P.-V.)
- Correspondence: (J.A.E.); (M.S.); Tel.: +34-966658432 (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Werner H, Laron Z. Role of the GH-IGF1 system in progression of cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:111003. [PMID: 32919021 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence links the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) endocrine axis to cancer development. While this putative correlation is of major translational relevance, most clinical and epidemiological reports to date found no causal linkage between GH therapy and enhanced cancer risk. Thus, it is generally agreed that GH therapy constitutes a safe pharmacological intervention. The present review focuses on a number of issues in the area of GH-IGF1 action in cancer development. Emphasis is given to the idea that GH and IGF1 do not conform to the definition of oncogenic factors. Specifically, these hormones, even at high pharmacological doses, are unable to induce malignant transformation. However, the GH-IGF1 axis is capable of 'pushing' already transformed cells through the various phases of the cell cycle. Viral and cellular oncogenes require an intact IGF1 signaling pathway in order to elicit transformation; in other words, oncogenic agents adopt the IGF1 pathway. This universal mechanism of action of oncogenes has broad implications in oncology. Our review provides an in-depth analysis of the interplay between the GH-IGF1 axis and cancer genes, including tumor suppressors p53 and BRCA1. Finally, the safety of GH therapy in both children and adults needs further long-term follow-up studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Zvi Laron
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chramiec A, Teles D, Yeager K, Marturano-Kruik A, Pak J, Chen T, Hao L, Wang M, Lock R, Tavakol DN, Lee MB, Kim J, Ronaldson-Bouchard K, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Integrated human organ-on-a-chip model for predictive studies of anti-tumor drug efficacy and cardiac safety. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4357-4372. [PMID: 32955072 PMCID: PMC8092329 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00424c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Traditional drug screening models are often unable to faithfully recapitulate human physiology in health and disease, motivating the development of microfluidic organs-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms that can mimic many aspects of human physiology and in the process alleviate many of the discrepancies between preclinical studies and clinical trials outcomes. Linsitinib, a novel anti-cancer drug, showed promising results in pre-clinical models of Ewing Sarcoma (ES), where it suppressed tumor growth. However, a Phase II clinical trial in several European centers with patients showed relapsed and/or refractory ES. We report an integrated, open setting, imaging and sampling accessible, polysulfone-based platform, featuring minimal hydrophobic compound binding. Two bioengineered human tissues - bone ES tumor and heart muscle - were cultured either in isolation or in the integrated platform and subjected to a clinically used linsitinib dosage. The measured anti-tumor efficacy and cardiotoxicity were compared with the results observed in the clinical trial. Only the engineered tumor tissues, and not monolayers, recapitulated the bone microenvironment pathways targeted by linsitinib, and the clinically-relevant differences in drug responses between non-metastatic and metastatic ES tumors. The responses of non-metastatic ES tumor tissues and heart muscle to linsitinib were much closer to those observed in the clinical trial for tissues cultured in an integrated setting than for tissues cultured in isolation. Drug treatment of isolated tissues resulted in significant decreases in tumor viability and cardiac function. Meanwhile, drug treatment in an integrated setting showed poor tumor response and less cardiotoxicity, which matched the results of the clinical trial. Overall, the integration of engineered human tumor and cardiac tissues in the integrated platform improved the predictive accuracy for both the direct and off-target effects of linsitinib. The proposed approach could be readily extended to other drugs and tissue systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Chramiec
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diogo Teles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarāes, Braga, Portugal
| | - Keith Yeager
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Marturano-Kruik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G Natta”, Politecnico de Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Joseph Pak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luke Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miranda Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roberta Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Marcus Busub Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA
| | | | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hoffman SE, Al Abdulmohsen SA, Gupta S, Hauser BM, Meredith DM, Dunn IF, Bi WL. Translational Windows in Chordoma: A Target Appraisal. Front Neurol 2020; 11:657. [PMID: 32733369 PMCID: PMC7360834 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordomas are rare tumors that are notoriously refractory to chemotherapy and radiotherapy when radical surgical resection is not achieved or upon recurrence after maximally aggressive treatment. The study of chordomas has been complicated by small patient cohorts and few available model systems due to the rarity of these tumors. Emerging next-generation sequencing technologies have broadened understanding of this disease by implicating novel pathways for possible targeted therapy. Mutations in cell-cycle regulation and chromatin remodeling genes have been identified in chordomas, but their significance remains unknown. Investigation of the immune microenvironment of these tumors suggests that checkpoint protein expression may influence prognosis, and adjuvant immunotherapy may improve patient outcome. Finally, growing evidence supports aberrant growth factor signaling as potential pathogenic mechanisms in chordoma. In this review, we characterize the impact on treatment opportunities offered by the genomic and immunologic landscape of this tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha E Hoffman
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sally A Al Abdulmohsen
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Saksham Gupta
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Blake M Hauser
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David M Meredith
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ian F Dunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Wenya Linda Bi
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases contribute to 71% of the deaths worldwide, of which cancers rank second after cardiovascular diseases. Among all the cancers, head and neck cancers (HNC) are consequential in augmenting the global cancer incidence as well as mortality. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are emphatic for the matter that they serve as biomarkers aiding the analysis of tumor progression and metastasis as well as diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic progression in the patients. The extensive researches on HNC have made significant furtherance in numerous targeted therapies, but for the escalating therapeutic resistance. This review explicates RTKs in HNC, their signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis, metastasis and stemness induction, the association of non-coding RNAs with RTKs, an overview of RTK based therapy and associated resistance in HNC, as well as a sneak peek into the HPV positive HNC and its therapy. The review extrapolates the cardinal role of RTKs and RTK based therapy as superior to other existing therapeutic interventions for HNC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Nadhan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Priya Srinivas
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
| | - M Radhakrishna Pillai
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
The insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family of proteins are part of a complex network that regulates cell proliferation and survival. While this system is undoubtedly important in prenatal development and postnatal cell growth, members of this family have been implicated in several different cancer types. Increased circulating insulin and IGF ligands have been linked to increased risk of cancer incidence. This observation has led to targeting the IGF system as a therapeutic strategy in a number of cancers. This chapter aims to describe the well-characterized biology of the IGF1R system, outline the rationale for targeting this system in cancer, summarize the clinical data as it stands, and discuss where we can go from here.
Collapse
|
28
|
Werner H, Sarfstein R, Bruchim I. Investigational IGF1R inhibitors in early stage clinical trials for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:1101-1112. [PMID: 31731883 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1694660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are a family of secreted peptide hormones with important roles in different cellular and organism functions. The biological activities of the IGFs are mediated by the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), a cell surface, tyrosine kinase-containing heterotetramer that is linked to numerous cytoplasmic signaling cascades. The IGF1R displays potent antiapoptotic, pro-survival capacities and plays a key role in malignant transformation. Research has identified the IGF1R as a candidate therapeutic target in cancer.Areas covered: We offer a synopsis of ongoing efforts to target the IGF axis for therapeutic purposes. Our review includes a digest of early experimental work that led to the identification of IGF1R as a candidate therapeutic target in oncology.Expert opinion: Targeting of the IGF axis has yielded disappointing results in phase III trials, but it is important to learn from this to improve future trials in a rational manner. The potential of anti-IGF1R antibodies and small molecular weight inhibitors, alone or in combination with chemotherapy or other biological agents, should be investigated further in randomized studies. Moreover, the implementation of predictive biomarkers for patient selection will improve the outcome of future trials. Emerging personalized medicine could have a major impact on IGF1R targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Bruchim
- Gynecologic Oncology Division, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Osher E, Macaulay VM. Therapeutic Targeting of the IGF Axis. Cells 2019; 8:E895. [PMID: 31416218 PMCID: PMC6721736 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin like growth factor (IGF) axis plays a fundamental role in normal growth and development, and when deregulated makes an important contribution to disease. Here, we review the functions mediated by ligand-induced IGF axis activation, and discuss the evidence for the involvement of IGF signaling in the pathogenesis of cancer, endocrine disorders including acromegaly, diabetes and thyroid eye disease, skin diseases such as acne and psoriasis, and the frailty that accompanies aging. We discuss the use of IGF axis inhibitors, focusing on the different approaches that have been taken to develop effective and tolerable ways to block this important signaling pathway. We outline the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, and discuss progress in evaluating these agents, including factors that contributed to the failure of many of these novel therapeutics in early phase cancer trials. Finally, we summarize grounds for cautious optimism for ongoing and future studies of IGF blockade in cancer and non-malignant disorders including thyroid eye disease and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliot Osher
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Meng T, Jin J, Jiang C, Huang R, Yin H, Song D, Cheng L. Molecular Targeted Therapy in the Treatment of Chordoma: A Systematic Review. Front Oncol 2019; 9:30. [PMID: 30775316 PMCID: PMC6367227 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Chordoma is a rare bone malignancy that affects the spine and skull base. Treatment dilemma leads to a high rate of local relapse and distant metastases. Molecular targeted therapy (MTT) is an option for advanced chordoma, but its therapeutic efficacy and safety have not been investigated systematically. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted on studies reporting MTT regimens for chordoma. Methods: Clinical trials, case series and case reports on chordoma MTT were identified using MEDLINE, Cochrane library and EMBASE, and systematically reviewed. Data on clinical outcomes, such as median overall survival, progression-free survival, response rate and adverse events (AEs) were extracted and analyzed. Results: Thirty-three eligible studies were selected for the systematic review, which indicated that imatinib and erlotinib were the most frequently used molecular targeted inhibitors (MTIs) for chordoma. For PDGFR-positive and/or EGFR-positive chordoma, clinical benefits were achieved with acceptable AEs. Monotherapy is preferred as the first-line of treatment, and combined drug therapy as the second-line treatment. In addition, the brachyury vaccine has shown promising results. Conclusions: The selection of MTIs for patients with advanced or relapsed chordoma should be based on gene mutation screening and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Monotherapy of TKIs is recommended as the first-line management, and combination therapy (two TKIs or TKI plus mTOR inhibitor) may be the choice for drug-resistant chordoma. Brachyury vaccine is a promising therapeutic strategy and requires more clinical trials to evaluate its safety and efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Meng
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Jin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, BIDMC Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Cancer Research Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Runzhi Huang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huabin Yin
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dianwen Song
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liang WS, Dardis C, Helland A, Sekar S, Adkins J, Cuyugan L, Enriquez D, Byron S, Little AS. Identification of therapeutic targets in chordoma through comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analyses. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018; 4:mcs.a003418. [PMID: 30322893 PMCID: PMC6318766 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a003418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chordoma is a rare, orphan cancer arising from embryonal precursors of bone. Surgery and radiotherapy (RT) provide excellent local control, often at the price of significant morbidity because of the structures involved and the need for relatively high doses of RT; however, recurrence remains high. Although our understanding of the genetic changes that occur in chordoma is evolving rapidly, this knowledge has yet to translate into treatments. We performed comprehensive DNA (paired tumor/normal whole-exome and shallow whole-genome) and RNA (tumor whole-transcriptome) next-generation sequencing analyses of archival sacral and clivus chordoma specimens. Incorporation of transcriptomic data enabled the identification of gene overexpression and expressed DNA alterations, thus providing additional support for potential therapeutic targets. In three patients, we identified alterations that may be amenable to off-label FDA-approved treatments for other tumor types. These alterations include FGFR1 overexpression (ponatinib, pazopanib) and copy-number duplication of CDK4 (palbociclib) and ERBB3 (gefitinib). In a third patient, germline DNA demonstrated predicted pathogenic changes in CHEK2 and ATM, which may have predisposed the patient to developing chordoma at a young age and may also be associated with potential sensitivity to PARP inhibitors because of homologous recombination repair deficiency. Last, in the fourth patient, a missense mutation in IGF1R was identified, suggesting potential activity for investigational anti-IGF1R strategies. Our findings demonstrate that chordoma patients present with aberrations in overlapping pathways. These results provide support for targeting the IGF1R/FGFR/EGFR and CDK4/6 pathways as treatment strategies for chordoma patients. This study underscores the value of comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analysis in the development of rational, individualized treatment plans for chordoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winnie S Liang
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Christopher Dardis
- Division of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013, USA
| | - Adrienne Helland
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Shobana Sekar
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Jonathan Adkins
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Lori Cuyugan
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Daniel Enriquez
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Sara Byron
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Andrew S Little
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Helgadottir H, Rocha Trocoli Drakensjö I, Girnita A. Personalized Medicine in Malignant Melanoma: Towards Patient Tailored Treatment. Front Oncol 2018; 8:202. [PMID: 29946532 PMCID: PMC6006716 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite enormous international efforts, skin melanoma is still a major clinical challenge. Melanoma takes a top place among the most common cancer types and it has one of the most rapidly increasing incidences in many countries around the world. Until recent years, there have been limited options for effective systemic treatment of disseminated melanoma. However, lately, we have experienced a rapid advancement in the understanding of the biology and molecular background of the disease. This has led to new molecular classifications and the development of more effective targeted therapies adapted to distinct melanoma subtypes. Not only are these treatments more effective but they can be rationally prescribed to the patients standing to benefit. As such, melanoma management has now become one of the most developed for personalized medicine. The aim of the present paper is to summarize the current knowledge on melanoma molecular classification, predictive markers, combination therapies, as well as emerging new treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hildur Helgadottir
- Skin Tumor Center, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iara Rocha Trocoli Drakensjö
- Skin Tumor Center, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ada Girnita
- Skin Tumor Center, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Vishwamitra D, George SK, Shi P, Kaseb AO, Amin HM. Type I insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in hematological malignancies. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1814-1844. [PMID: 27661006 PMCID: PMC5352101 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system plays key roles in the establishment and progression of different types of cancer. In agreement with this idea, substantial evidence has shown that the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR) and its primary ligand IGF-I are important for maintaining the survival of malignant cells of hematopoietic origin. In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role of IGF-IR signaling in cancer with a focus on the hematological neoplasms. We also address the emergence of IGF-IR as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of different types of cancer including plasma cell myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Vishwamitra
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suraj Konnath George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Oza A, Kaye S, Van Tornout J, Sessa C, Gore M, Naumann RW, Hirte H, Colombo N, Chen J, Gorla S, Poondru S, Singh M, Steinberg J, Yuen G, Banerjee S. Phase 2 study evaluating intermittent and continuous linsitinib and weekly paclitaxel in patients with recurrent platinum resistant ovarian epithelial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 149:275-282. [PMID: 29454514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Linsitinib, an oral, dual inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and insulin receptor, in combination with weekly paclitaxel, may improve clinical outcomes compared with paclitaxel alone in patients with refractory or platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS This open-label phase 1/2 clinical trial (NCT00889382) randomized patients with refractory or platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (1:1:1) to receive either oral intermittent linsitinib (600mg once daily on Days 1-3 per week) combined with paclitaxel (80mg/m2 on Days 1, 8, and 15; Arm A) or continuous linsitinib (150mg twice daily) in combination with paclitaxel (Arm B), or paclitaxel alone (Arm C). Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety/tolerability. RESULTS A total of 152 women were randomized to treatment (n=51 Arm A; n=51 Arm B, n=50 Arm C). In combination with paclitaxel, neither intermittent linsitinib (median PFS 2.8months; 95% confidence interval [CI]:2.5-4.4) nor continuous linsitinib (median PFS 4.2months; 95% CI:2.8-5.1) improved PFS over weekly paclitaxel alone (median PFS 5.6months; 95% CI:3.2-6.9). No improvement in ORR, DCR, or OS in either linsitinib dosing schedule was observed compared with paclitaxel alone. Adverse event (AE) rates, including all-grade and grade 3/4 treatment-related AEs, and treatment-related AEs leading to discontinuation, were higher among patients receiving intermittent linsitinib compared with the other treatment arms. CONCLUSION Addition of intermittent or continuous linsitinib with paclitaxel did not improve outcomes in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer compared with paclitaxel alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Oza
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Stanley Kaye
- The Royal Marsden and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Cristiana Sessa
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Martin Gore
- The Royal Marsden and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - R Wendel Naumann
- Levine Cancer Institute at Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Hal Hirte
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nicoletta Colombo
- European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Jihong Chen
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Northbrook, IL, USA
| | - Seema Gorla
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Northbrook, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Geoff Yuen
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Northbrook, IL, USA
| | - Susana Banerjee
- The Royal Marsden and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Simpson A, Petnga W, Macaulay VM, Weyer-Czernilofsky U, Bogenrieder T. Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) Pathway Targeting in Cancer: Role of the IGF Axis and Opportunities for Future Combination Studies. Target Oncol 2017; 12:571-597. [PMID: 28815409 PMCID: PMC5610669 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-017-0514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite a strong preclinical rationale for targeting the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in cancer, clinical studies of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R)-targeted monotherapies have been largely disappointing, and any potential success has been limited by the lack of validated predictive biomarkers for patient enrichment. A large body of preclinical evidence suggests that the key role of the IGF axis in cancer is in driving treatment resistance, via general proliferative/survival mechanisms, interactions with other mitogenic signaling networks, and class-specific mechanisms such as DNA damage repair. Consequently, combining IGF-targeted agents with standard cytotoxic agents, other targeted agents, endocrine therapies, or immunotherapies represents an attractive therapeutic approach. Anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) do not inhibit IGF ligand 2 (IGF-2) activation of the insulin receptor isoform-A (INSR-A), which may limit their anti-proliferative activity. In addition, due to their lack of specificity, IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitors are associated with hyperglycemia as a result of interference with signaling through the classical metabolic INSR-B isoform; this may preclude their use at clinically effective doses. Conversely, IGF-1/IGF-2 ligand-neutralizing mAbs inhibit proliferative/anti-apoptotic signaling via IGF-1R and INSR-A, without compromising the metabolic function of INSR-B. Therefore, combination regimens that include these agents may be more efficacious and tolerable versus IGF-1R-targeted combinations. Herein, we review the preclinical and clinical experience with IGF-targeted therapies to-date, and discuss the rationale for future combination approaches as a means to overcome treatment resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Simpson
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Bogenrieder
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, Dr. Boehringer Gasse 5-11, 1121, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Randomised Phase 2 study of maintenance linsitinib (OSI-906) in combination with erlotinib compared with placebo plus erlotinib after platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:757-766. [PMID: 28772281 PMCID: PMC5589984 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Maintenance therapy is important in advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Erlotinib as switch maintenance following platinum-based chemotherapy increases survival. Cross-talk between the epidermal growth factor receptor and insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR) pathways mediate resistance to individual receptor blockade. This study compared maintenance linsitinib plus erlotinib vs erlotinib plus placebo in patients with NSCLC. Methods: In this Phase II randomised trial, patients without progression following four cycles of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (N=205) received continuous schedule maintenance oral linsitinib 150 mg or placebo BID combined with erlotinib 150 mg QD for 21-day cycles. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Results: The study was unblinded early due to linsitinib non-superiority. No difference was found between the two treatment groups in median PFS of 125 days linsitinib vs 129 days placebo (P=0.601); no difference in overall survival (OS) was observed. Tolerability was similar, although in the linsitinib group, treatment-related adverse events and discontinuations were more frequent. No drug–drug interaction was implicated. Conclusions: Linsitinib maintenance therapy added to erlotinib did not improve PFS or OS in non-progressing NSCLC patients. This highlights the need for robust biomarkers of response for combinations that incorporate IGFR-targeted therapies in maintenance or other therapeutic settings.
Collapse
|
37
|
Hdeib A, Wright JM. Brachyury-targeting immunotherapy for chordomas: treatment with GI-6301, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast-based cancer vaccine. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1331126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alia Hdeib
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James M. Wright
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yamaguchi T, Imada H, Iida S, Szuhai K. Notochordal Tumors: An Update on Molecular Pathology with Therapeutic Implications. Surg Pathol Clin 2017; 10:637-656. [PMID: 28797506 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent molecular investigations of chordoma show common expression of various receptor tyrosine kinases and activation of downstream signaling pathways contributing to tumor growth and progression. The transcription factor brachyury (also known as T) is important in notochord differentiation, and germline duplication of the gene is often found in familial chordomas. Nuclear expression of brachyury is consistent in chordoma and in benign notochordal cell tumor. Based on the molecular evidence, targeting of several kinds of molecular agents has been attempted for the treatment of uncontrolled chordomas and achieved partial response or stable condition in many cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo Medical University, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Imada
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo Medical University, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo Medical University, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box: 9600, Post Zone: R-01-P, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chan JY, Hackel BJ, Yee D. Targeting Insulin Receptor in Breast Cancer Using Small Engineered Protein Scaffolds. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1324-1334. [PMID: 28468775 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin receptor (InsR) and the type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF1R) are homologous receptors necessary for signal transduction by their cognate ligands insulin, IGF-I and IGF-II. IGF1R mAbs, intended to inhibit malignant phenotypic signaling, failed to show benefit in patients with endocrine-resistant tumors in phase III clinical trials. Our previous work showed that in tamoxifen-resistant cells, IGF1R expression was lacking, but InsR inhibition effectively blocked growth. In endocrine-sensitive breast cancer cells, insulin was not growth stimulatory, likely due to the presence of hybrid InsR/IGF1R, which has high affinity for IGF-I, but not insulin. Combination inhibition of InsR and IGF1R showed complete suppression of the system in endocrine-sensitive breast cancer cells. To develop InsR-binding agents, we employed a small protein scaffold, T7 phage gene 2 protein (Gp2) with the long-term goal of creating effective InsR inhibitors and diagnostics. Using yeast display and directed evolution, we identified three Gp2 variants (Gp2 #1, #5, and #10) with low nanomolar affinity and specific binding to cell surface InsR. These Gp2 variants inhibited insulin-mediated monolayer proliferation in both endocrine-sensitive and resistant breast cancer, but did not downregulate InsR expression. Gp2 #5 and Gp2 #10 disrupted InsR function by inhibiting ligand-induced receptor activation. In contrast, Gp2 #1 did not block InsR phosphorylation. Notably, Gp2 #1 binding was enhanced by pretreatment of cells with insulin, suggesting a unique receptor-ligand-binding mode. These Gp2 variants are the first nonimmunoglobulin protein scaffolds to target insulin receptor and present compelling opportunity for modulation of InsR signaling. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(7); 1324-34. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ying Chan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Benjamin J Hackel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Douglas Yee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. .,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Leighl NB, Rizvi NA, de Lima LG, Arpornwirat W, Rudin CM, Chiappori AA, Ahn MJ, Chow LQM, Bazhenova L, Dechaphunkul A, Sunpaweravong P, Eaton K, Chen J, Medley S, Poondru S, Singh M, Steinberg J, Juergens RA, Gadgeel SM. Phase 2 Study of Erlotinib in Combination With Linsitinib (OSI-906) or Placebo in Chemotherapy-Naive Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Activating Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations. Clin Lung Cancer 2017; 18:34-42.e2. [PMID: 27686971 PMCID: PMC5474312 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION First-line epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with EGFR-activating mutations improves outcomes compared with chemotherapy, but resistance develops in most patients. Compensatory signaling through type 1 insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) may contribute to resistance; dual blockade of IGF-1R and EGFR may improve outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study of linsitinib, a dual IGF-1R and insulin receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, plus erlotinib versus placebo plus erlotinib in chemotherapy-naive patients with EGFR-mutation positive, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Patients received linsitinib 150 mg twice daily or placebo plus erlotinib 150 mg once daily on continuous 21-day cycles. The primary end point was progression-free survival. RESULTS After randomization of 88 patients (44 each arm), the trial was unblinded early owing to inferiority in the linsitinib arm. The median progression-free survival for the linsitinib versus the placebo group was 8.4 months versus 12.4 months (hazard ratio, 1.37; P = .29). Overall response rate (47.7% vs. 75.0%; P = .02) and disease control rate (77.3% vs. 95.5%; P = .03) were also inferior. Whereas most adverse events were ≤ grade 2, linsitinib plus erlotinib was associated with increased adverse events that led to decreased erlotinib exposure (median days, 228 vs. 305). No drug-drug interaction was suggested by pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results. CONCLUSION Adding linsitinib to erlotinib resulted in inferior outcomes compared with erlotinib alone. Further understanding of the signaling pathways and a biomarker that can predict efficacy is needed prior to further clinical development of IGF-1R inhibitors in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha B Leighl
- Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Naiyer A Rizvi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Lopes Gilberto de Lima
- Oncoclinicas Group, Hcor Onco, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | | | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Lyudmila Bazhenova
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, CA
| | - Arunee Dechaphunkul
- Departments of Pathology, Hematology, and Surgery, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | | | - Keith Eaton
- Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand; Medical Oncology at University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rosalyn A Juergens
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Shirish M Gadgeel
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Hematology-Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Planchard D. Reply to N. Singh et al. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:4055-4056. [PMID: 27551135 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.68.9349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
42
|
Ochnik AM, Baxter RC. Combination therapy approaches to target insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:R513-R536. [PMID: 27733416 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) signaling as a therapeutic target has been widely studied and clinically tested. Despite the vast amount of literature supporting the biological role of IGF1R in breast cancer, effective clinical translation in targeting its activity as a cancer therapy has not been successful. The intrinsic complexity of cancer cell signaling mediated by many tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors that work together to modulate each other and intracellular downstream mediators in the cell highlights that studying IGF1R expression and activity as a prognostic factor and therapeutic target in isolation is certainly associated with problems. This review discusses the current literature and clinical trials associated with IGF-1 signaling and attempts to look at new ways of designing novel IGF1R-directed breast cancer therapy approaches to target its activity
and/or intracellular downstream signaling pathways in IGF1R-expressing breast cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Ochnik
- Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert C Baxter
- Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Clinical studies in humans targeting the various components of the IGF system show lack of efficacy in the treatment of cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 772:105-122. [PMID: 28528684 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) system regulates cell growth, differentiation and energy metabolism and plays crucial role in the regulation of key aspects of tumor biology, such as cancer cell growth, survival, transformation and invasion. The current focus for cancer therapeutic approaches have shifted from the conventional treatments towards the targeted therapies and the IGF system has gained a great interest as anti-cancer therapy. The proliferative, anti-apoptotic and transformation effects of IGFs are mainly triggered by the ligation of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR). Thus, aiming at developing novel and effective cancer therapies, different strategies have been employed to target IGF system in human malignancies, including but not limited to ligand or receptor neutralizing antibodies and IGF-IR signaling inhibitors. In this review, we have focused on the clinical studies that have been conducted targeting the various components of the IGF system for the treatment of different types of cancer, providing a description and the challenges of each targeting strategy and the degree of success.
Collapse
|
44
|
Aleksic T, Browning L, Woodward M, Phillips R, Page S, Henderson S, Athanasou N, Ansorge O, Whitwell D, Pratap S, Hassan AB, Middleton MR, Macaulay VM. Durable Response of Spinal Chordoma to Combined Inhibition of IGF-1R and EGFR. Front Oncol 2016; 6:98. [PMID: 27200287 PMCID: PMC4852191 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordomas are rare primary malignant bone tumors arising from embryonal notochord remnants of the axial skeleton. Chordomas commonly recur following surgery and radiotherapy, and there is no effective systemic therapy. Previous studies implicated receptor tyrosine kinases, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), in chordoma biology. We report an adult female patient who presented in 2003 with spinal chordoma, treated with surgery and radiotherapy. She underwent further surgery for recurrent chordoma in 2008, with subsequent progression in pelvic deposits. In June 2009, she was recruited onto the Phase I OSI-906-103 trial of EGFR inhibitor erlotinib with linsitinib, a novel inhibitor of IGF-1R/insulin receptor (INSR). Treatment with 100 mg QD erlotinib and 50 mg QD linsitinib was well-tolerated, and after 18 months a partial response was achieved by RECIST criteria. From 43 months, a protocol modification allowed intra-patient linsitinib dose escalation to 50 mg BID. The patient remained stable on trial treatment for a total of 5 years, discontinuing treatment in August 2014. She subsequently experienced further disease progression for which she underwent pelvic surgery in April 2015. Analysis of DNA extracted from 2008 (pre-trial) tissue showed that the tumor harbored wild-type EGFR, and a PIK3CA mutation was detected in plasma, but not tumor DNA. The 2015 (post-trial) tumor harbored a mutation of uncertain significance in ATM, with no detectable mutations in other components of a 50 gene panel, including EGFR, PIK3CA, and TP53. By immunohistochemistry, the tumor was positive for brachyury, the molecular hallmark of chordoma, and showed weak–moderate membrane and cytoplasmic EGFR. IGF-1R was detected in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm and was expressed more strongly in recurrent tumor than the primary. We also noted heterogeneous nuclear IGF-1R, which has been linked with sensitivity to IGF-1R inhibition. Similar variation in IGF-1R expression and subcellular localization was noted in 15 further cases of chordoma. In summary, this exceptionally durable response suggests that there may be merit in evaluating combined IGF-1R/INSR and EGFR inhibition in patients with chordomas that recur following failure of local treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Aleksic
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford , UK
| | - Lisa Browning
- Department of Cellular Pathology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Oxford , UK
| | - Martha Woodward
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Oxford , UK
| | - Rachel Phillips
- Department of Radiology, Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Oxford , UK
| | - Suzanne Page
- BRC Oxford Molecular Diagnostic Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Oxford , UK
| | - Shirley Henderson
- BRC Oxford Molecular Diagnostic Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Oxford , UK
| | - Nicholas Athanasou
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre , Oxford , UK
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital , Oxford , UK
| | - Duncan Whitwell
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre , Oxford , UK
| | - Sarah Pratap
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Oxford , UK
| | - A Bassim Hassan
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Oxford , UK
| | - Mark R Middleton
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Oxford , UK
| | - Valentine M Macaulay
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, UK; Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|