1
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Nam YW, Shin JH, Kim S, Hwang CH, Lee CS, Hwang G, Kim HR, Roe JS, Song J. EGFR inhibits TNF-α-mediated pathway by phosphorylating TNFR1 at tyrosine 360 and 401. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:1318-1332. [PMID: 38789573 PMCID: PMC11445491 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) induces the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signalling pathway and regulated cell death processes when TNF-α ligates with it. Although mechanisms regulating the downstream pathways of TNFR1 have been elucidated, the direct regulation of TNFR1 itself is not well known. In this study, we showed that the kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) regulates NF-κB signalling and TNF-α-induced cell death by directly phosphorylating TNFR1 at Tyr 360 and 401 in its death domain. In contrast, EGFR inhibition by EGFR inhibitors, such as erlotinib and gefitinib, prevented their interaction. Once TNFR1 is phosphorylated, its death domain induces the suppression of the NF-κB pathways, complex II-mediated apoptosis, or necrosome-dependent necroptosis. Physiologically, in mouse models, EGF treatment mitigates TNF-α-dependent necroptotic skin inflammation induced by treatment with IAP and caspase inhibitors. Our study revealed a novel role for EGFR in directly regulating TNF-α-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Woo Nam
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - June-Ha Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongmi Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chi Hyun Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong-Sil Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyuho Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa-Ryeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Roe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaewhan Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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2
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Ghannam IAY, El Kerdawy AM, Mounier MM, Abo-Elfadl MT, Abdel-Mohsen HT. Discovery of novel diaryl urea-oxindole hybrids as BRAF kinase inhibitors targeting BRAF and KRAS mutant cancers. Bioorg Chem 2024; 153:107848. [PMID: 39368145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, a novel series of diaryl urea incorporating oxindole moiety was rationally designed as type II BRAF inhibitors targeting BRAF and KRAS mutant cancers. Molecular hybridization between the diaryl urea scaffold which binds to the inactive conformation of protein kinases on one side and the oxindole core which exhibit adenine mimic properties to be settled in the hinge region on the other side was performed. Studying the antiproliferative activity of the synthesized candidates 9a-t on NCI cancer cell lines showed that they exhibit potent and broad spectrum of antiproliferative activity on the tested cancer cell lines with compounds 9c, 9p, 9q, 9s, and 9t demonstrating potent GI50 reaching 0.01 µM. Noteworthy, compound 9s demonstrated a potent GI50 on cell lines expressing mutant KRAS and those express BRAFV600E with GI50 ranges of 1.79 and 7.94 µM and 1.68 to 2.0 µM, respectively. Further analysis on A375 and Mel501 cell lines expressing BRAFV600E revealed that compound 9s has a potent growth inhibitory activity with IC50 of 0.7 and 1.5 µM, respectively, in reference to sorafenib (IC50 = 8.7 and 0.3 µM, respectively). Additionally, nearly all the target candidates did not show any cytotoxic effect on the normal fibroblast cell line BJ-1 with compound 9s showing IC50 of 20.2 µM in reference to sorafenib (IC50 = 6.1 µM). Further cellular assays on A375 cell line, revealed the ability of compound 9s to halt the cell cycle progression at the G2 phase besides its ability to induce apoptosis. In parallel, all the synthesized candidates 9a-t were biochemically evaluated for their inhibitory activity on BRAFWT and compounds 9b, 9c, and 9n revealed a sub-micromolar IC50 of 0.11, 0.84 and 0.80 µM, respectively. Further investigation of selected compounds on BRAFV600E showed that compounds 9c, 9n, 9s, and 9t exhibit a sub-micromolar IC50 range of 0.17 to 0.89 µM. Noteworthy, the examined candidates demonstrated a higher selectively towards BRAFV600E over BRAFWT highlighting their promising optimization for treating BRAFV600E expressing cancers. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations in the inactive DFG-out kinase domain of BRAFWT/V600E protein kinases confirmed the planned design strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman A Y Ghannam
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Mounier
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud T Abo-Elfadl
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba T Abdel-Mohsen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
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3
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Dash A, Vaddamanu G, Hawsawi MB, Alluhaibi MS, Gurijala PK, Mulakayala N. Design, synthesis, and high-throughput in vitro anti-cancer evaluation of novel 4-aminopyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine derivatives: potential anti-cancer candidates against UO-31 renal cancer cells. RSC Adv 2024; 14:30938-30953. [PMID: 39346525 PMCID: PMC11428193 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra05136j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 20 compounds containing 4-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine core were synthesized, characterized and their chemical structures confirmed using spectroscopic techniques such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and HRMS. The compound's growth inhibitory activities were evaluated against 60 human tumor cell lines from nine panels: leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), colon, central nervous system (CNS), melanoma, ovarian, renal, prostate, and breast cancer. Among all the compounds, 11, 12c, 12d, 12f, and 12j are active against different cancer cell lines. Between all the cell lines, compounds 12c, 12d, 12f, 12j, and 11 showed good inhibitory activity against renal cancer cell lines. From the five-dose study, based on IC50 values, the order of activity of compounds against renal cancer cell lines was found to be 12c > 12f > 12c > 12j > 11 with 12c being the most potent, was better than sunitinib and sorafenib. Having been recognized as initial hits, these substances need additional pharmacological investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitananda Dash
- Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning Anantapur - 515 001 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Guruswamy Vaddamanu
- SVAK Life Sciences ALEAP Industrial Area, Pragathi Nagar Hyderabad - 500090 India
| | - Mohammed B Hawsawi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa S Alluhaibi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Naveen Mulakayala
- SVAK Life Sciences ALEAP Industrial Area, Pragathi Nagar Hyderabad - 500090 India
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4
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Koochakkhani S, Branco DSN, Alonso AV, Murugesan A, Sarkar P, Caires CJN, Devanesan S, AlSalhi MS, Candeias NR, Kandhavelu M. Novel tetrahydroquinoline derivatives induce ROS-mediated apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 200:106842. [PMID: 38936514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Current treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is not efficient due to its aggressive nature, tendency to infiltrate surrounding brain tissue, and chemotherapy resistance. Tetrahydroquinoline scaffolds are emerging as a new class of drug for treating many human cancers including GBM. This study investigates the cytotoxicity effect of eight novel derivatives of 2-((3,4-dihydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl)(aryl)methyl)phenol, containing substitute 1 with reduced dihydroquinoline fused with cyclohexene ring and substitute 2 with phenyl and methyl group. The 4-position of the aryl ring was determinant for the desired cytotoxicity, and out of the 8 synthesized compounds, the 4-trifluoromethyl substituted derivative (4ag) exhibited the most anti-GBM potential effect compared to the standard chemotherapeutic agent, temozolomide (TMZ), with IC50 values of 38.3 μM and 40.6 μM in SNB19 and LN229 cell lines, respectively. Our results demonstrated that 4ag triggers apoptosis through the activation of Caspase-3/7. In addition, 4ag induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS) which in turn elevated mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) and causes the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψmt) in both GBM cells. This compound also exhibited anti-migratory properties over the time in both the cell lines. Overall, these findings suggest that tetrahydroquinoline derivative, 4ag could lead to the development of a new drug for treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnaz Koochakkhani
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; BioMeditech and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University, Hospital, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Daniela S N Branco
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Anxo Vila Alonso
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Akshaya Murugesan
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; BioMeditech and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University, Hospital, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland; Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai, India
| | - Puja Sarkar
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Carina J N Caires
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuno R Candeias
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; BioMeditech and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University, Hospital, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
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5
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Purcell C, Srinivasan PR, Pinho-Schwermann M, MacDonald WJ, Ding E, El-Deiry WS. Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Drivers SOX2 and BRN2 Confer Differential Responses to Imipridones ONC201, ONC206, and ONC212 in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.28.610184. [PMID: 39257809 PMCID: PMC11383667 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.28.610184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading cause death from cancer in men worldwide. Approximately 30% of castrate-resistant PCa's become refractory to therapy due to neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) that is present in <1% of androgen-sensitive tumors. First-in-class imipridone ONC201/TIC10 has shown clinical activity against midline gliomas, neuroendocrine tumors and PCa. We explored the question of whether NED promotes sensitivity to imipridones ONC201 and ONC206 by inducible overexpression of SOX2 and BRN2, well-known neuroendocrine drivers, in human PCa cell lines DU145 or LNCaP. Slight protection from ONC201 or ONC206 with SOX2 and BRN2 overexpression was observed in the inducible LNCaP cells but not in the DU145 cells. At 2 months, there was an apparent increase in CLpP expression in LNCaP SOX2-overexpressing cells but this did not confer enhanced sensitivity to ONC201. DU145 SOX2-overexpressing cells had a significantly reduced ONC201 sensitivity than DU145 control cells. The results support the idea that treatment of castrate-resistant prostate cancer by imipridones may not be significantly impacted by neuroendocrine differentiation as a therapy-resistance mechanism. The results support further testing of imipridones across subtypes of androgen-sensitive and castrate-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Purcell
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Praveen R Srinivasan
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Maximilian Pinho-Schwermann
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - William J MacDonald
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ding
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
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6
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Nuñez-Ríos JD, Reyna-Jeldes M, Mata-Martínez E, Campos-Contreras ADR, Lazcano-Sánchez I, González-Gallardo A, Díaz-Muñoz M, Coddou C, Vázquez-Cuevas FG. Extracellular ATP/P2X7 receptor, a regulatory axis of migration in ovarian carcinoma-derived cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304062. [PMID: 38870128 PMCID: PMC11175443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
ATP is actively maintained at high concentrations in cancerous tissues, where it promotes a malignant phenotype through P2 receptors. In this study, we first evaluated the effect of extracellular ATP depletion with apyrase in SKOV-3, a cell line derived from metastatic ovarian carcinoma. We observed a decrease in cell migration and an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance and cell markers, suggesting a role in maintaining a mesenchymal phenotype. To identify the P2 receptor that mediated the effects of ATP, we compared the transcript levels of some P2 receptors and found that P2RX7 is three-fold higher in SKOV-3 cells than in a healthy cell line, namely HOSE6-3 (from human ovarian surface epithelium). Through bioinformatic analysis, we identified a higher expression of the P2RX7 transcript in metastatic tissues than in primary tumors; thus, P2X7 seems to be a promising effector for the malignant phenotype. Subsequently, we demonstrated the presence and functionality of the P2X7 receptor in SKOV-3 cells and showed through pharmacological approaches that its activity promotes cell migration and contributes to maintaining a mesenchymal phenotype. P2X7 activation using BzATP increased cell migration and abolished E-cadherin expression. On the other hand, a series of P2X7 receptor antagonists (A438079, BBG and OxATP) decreased cell migration. We used a CRISPR-based knock-out system directed to P2RX7. According to the results of our wound-healing assay, SKOV3-P2X7KO cells lacked receptor-mediated calcium mobilization and decreased migration. Altogether, these data let us propose that P2X7 receptor is a regulator for cancer cell migration and thus a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- José David Nuñez-Ríos
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Mauricio Reyna-Jeldes
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Para el Estudio del Cáncer a Nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Esperanza Mata-Martínez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Anaí del Rocío Campos-Contreras
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Iván Lazcano-Sánchez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Adriana González-Gallardo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Claudio Coddou
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Para el Estudio del Cáncer a Nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Francisco G. Vázquez-Cuevas
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
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7
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Bagnyukova T, Egleston BL, Pavlov VA, Serebriiskii IG, Golemis EA, Borghaei H. Synergy of EGFR and AURKA Inhibitors in KRAS-mutated Non-small Cell Lung Cancers. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1227-1239. [PMID: 38639476 PMCID: PMC11078142 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The most common oncogenic driver mutations for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) activate EGFR or KRAS. Clinical trials exploring treatments for EGFR- or KRAS-mutated (EGFRmut or KRASmut) cancers have focused on small-molecule inhibitors targeting the driver mutations. Typically, these inhibitors perform more effectively based on combination with either chemotherapies, or other targeted therapies. For EGFRmut NSCLC, a combination of inhibitors of EGFR and Aurora-A kinase (AURKA), an oncogene commonly overexpressed in solid tumors, has shown promising activity in clinical trials. Interestingly, a number of recent studies have indicated that EGFR activity supports overall viability of tumors lacking EGFR mutations, and AURKA expression is abundant in KRASmut cell lines. In this study, we have evaluated dual inhibition of EGFR and AURKA in KRASmut NSCLC models. These data demonstrate synergy between the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib and the AURKA inhibitor alisertib in reducing cell viability and clonogenic capacity in vitro, associated with reduced activity of EGFR pathway effectors, accumulation of enhanced aneuploid cell populations, and elevated cell death. Importantly, the erlotinib-alisertib combination also synergistically reduces xenograft growth in vivo. Analysis of signaling pathways demonstrated that the combination of erlotinib and alisertib was more effective than single-agent treatments at reducing activity of EGFR and pathway effectors following either brief or extended administration of the drugs. In sum, this study indicates value of inhibiting EGFR in KRASmut NSCLC, and suggests the specific value of dual inhibition of AURKA and EGFR in these tumors. SIGNIFICANCE The introduction of specific KRAS G12C inhibitors to the clinical practice in lung cancer has opened up opportunities that did not exist before. However, G12C alterations are only a subtype of all KRAS mutations observed. Given the high expression of AURKA in KRASmut NSCLC, our study could point to a potential therapeutic option for this subgroup of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Bagnyukova
- Program in Cell Signaling and Metastasis, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian L. Egleston
- Program in Cell Signaling and Metastasis, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Valerii A. Pavlov
- Program in Cell Signaling and Metastasis, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya G. Serebriiskii
- Program in Cell Signaling and Metastasis, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Erica A. Golemis
- Program in Cell Signaling and Metastasis, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hossein Borghaei
- Program in Cell Signaling and Metastasis, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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8
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Terrazzan A, Vanini R, Ancona P, Bianchi N, Taccioli C, Aguiari G. State-of-the-art in transposable element modulation affected by drugs in malignant prostatic cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30557. [PMID: 38501160 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Over recent years, the investigation of transposable elements (TEs) has granted researchers a deeper comprehension of their characteristics and functions, particularly regarding their significance in the mechanisms contributing to cancer development. This manuscript focuses on prostate carcinoma cell lines and offers a comprehensive review intended to scrutinize the associations and interactions between TEs and genes, as well as their response to treatment using various chemical drugs, emphasizing their involvement in cancer progression. We assembled a compendium of articles retrieved from the PubMed database to construct networks demonstrating correlations with genes and pharmaceuticals. In doing so, we linked the transposition of certain TE types to the expression of specific transcripts directly implicated in carcinogenesis. Additionally, we underline that treatment employing different drugs revealed unique patterns of TE reactivation. Our hypothesis gathers the current understanding and guides research toward evidence-based investigations, emphasizing the association between antiviral drugs, chemotherapy, and the reduced expression of TEs in patients affected by prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Terrazzan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vanini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pietro Ancona
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristian Taccioli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aguiari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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9
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Balcerak A, Szafron LA, Rubel T, Swiderska B, Bonna AM, Konarzewska M, Sołtyszewski I, Kupryjanczyk J, Szafron LM. A Multi-Faceted Analysis Showing CRNDE Transcripts and a Recently Confirmed Micropeptide as Important Players in Ovarian Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4381. [PMID: 38673965 PMCID: PMC11050281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
CRNDE is considered an oncogene expressed as long non-coding RNA. Our previous paper is the only one reporting CRNDE as a micropeptide-coding gene. The amino acid sequence of this micropeptide (CRNDEP) has recently been confirmed by other researchers. This study aimed at providing a mass spectrometry (MS)-based validation of the CRNDEP sequence and an investigation of how the differential expression of CRNDE(P) influences the metabolism and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer (OvCa) cells. We also assessed cellular localization changes of CRNDEP, looked for its protein partners, and bioinformatically evaluated its RNA-binding capacities. Herein, we detected most of the CRNDEP sequence by MS. Moreover, our results corroborated the oncogenic role of CRNDE, portraying it as the gene impacting carcinogenesis at the stages of DNA transcription and replication, affecting the RNA metabolism, and stimulating the cell cycle progression and proliferation, with CRNDEP being detected in the centrosomes of dividing cells. We also showed that CRNDEP is located in nucleoli and revealed interactions of this micropeptide with p54, an RNA helicase. Additionally, we proved that high CRNDE(P) expression increases the resistance of OvCa cells to treatment with microtubule-targeted cytostatics. Furthermore, altered CRNDE(P) expression affected the activity of the microtubular cytoskeleton and the formation of focal adhesion plaques. Finally, according to our in silico analyses, CRNDEP is likely capable of RNA binding. All these results contribute to a better understanding of the CRNDE(P) role in OvCa biology, which may potentially improve the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Balcerak
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Tymon Rubel
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bianka Swiderska
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Cancer Pathomorphology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Michal Szafron
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Abe M, Asada N, Kimura M, Fukui C, Yamada D, Wang Z, Miyake M, Takarada T, Ono M, Aoe M, Kitamura W, Matsuda M, Moriyama T, Matsumura A, Maeda Y. Antitumor activity of α-pinene in T-cell tumors. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1317-1332. [PMID: 38279512 PMCID: PMC11007008 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute leukemia and lymphoma have a poor prognosis. Although new therapeutic agents have been developed, their therapeutic effects are suboptimal. α-Pinene, a monoterpene compound, has an antitumor effect on solid tumors; however, few comprehensive investigations have been conducted on its impact on hematologic malignancies. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential benefits of using α-pinene as an antitumor agent for the treatment of T-cell tumors. We found that α-pinene inhibited the proliferation of hematologic malignancies, especially in T-cell tumor cell lines EL-4 and Molt-4, induced mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species accumulation, and inhibited NF-κB p65 translocation into the nucleus, leading to robust apoptosis in EL-4 cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that α-pinene has potential as a therapeutic agent for T-cell malignancies, and further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Abe
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory MedicineOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Noboru Asada
- Department of Hematology and OncologyOkayama University HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Maiko Kimura
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory MedicineOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Chie Fukui
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineKobe University HospitalKobeJapan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Department of Regenerative ScienceOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Masayuki Miyake
- Division of Medical SupportOkayama University HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Takeshi Takarada
- Department of Regenerative ScienceOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Mitsuaki Ono
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Michinori Aoe
- Division of Medical SupportOkayama University HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Wataru Kitamura
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory MedicineOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Masayuki Matsuda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory MedicineOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Takashi Moriyama
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory MedicineOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Akifumi Matsumura
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory MedicineOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory MedicineOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
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11
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Yakkala PA, Naaz F, Shafi S, Kamal A. PI3K and tankyrase inhibitors as therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:159-177. [PMID: 38497299 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2331015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathways like Wingless-related integration (Wnt/β-catenin) and PI3K play an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development; however, their roles are distinct in the process of oncogenesis. Despite their differences, these pathways interact through feedback mechanisms and regulate the common effectors both in the upstream and the downstream processes in normal and pathological conditions. Their ability to reciprocally control each other is a primary resistance mechanism for the selective inhibitors in CRC. AREA COVERED This review highlights the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K pathways that are interrelated in CRC, recent advances and some key perspectives in developing inhibitors that could target the tankyrase enzyme and PI3K, apart from a brief description of the potential of dual inhibitors of PI3K and Tankyrases (TNKS). EXPERT OPINION Recent research has focused on overcoming the challenges particularly relating to the resistance and efficacy of dual inhibitors targeting PI3K and tankyrase proteins. Despite these challenges, PI3K as well as tankyrases remain promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of solid tumors. The design of potent inhibitors is crucial to effectively block these protein signaling pathways. Moreover, it is essential to explore the potential of dual-target inhibition of other signaling pathways in conjunction with PI3K and tankyrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Anjaneyulu Yakkala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Fatima Naaz
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Medchal, India
- Environment, Forests, Science & Technology Department, Telangana State Council of Science & Technlogy, Hyderabad, India
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12
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Gala K, Jain M, Shah P, Pandey A, Garg M, Khattar E. Role of p53 transcription factor in determining the efficacy of telomerase inhibitors in cancer treatment. Life Sci 2024; 339:122416. [PMID: 38216120 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM Telomerase expression is unique to cancer cells, making it a promising target for therapy. However, a major drawback of telomerase inhibition is that it affects cancer cell proliferation only when telomeres shorten, creating a lag phase post-continuous drug treatment. Acute cytotoxicity of telomerase inhibitors is dependent on their ability to induce DNA damage. p53 senses DNA damage and is the primary effector required for sensitizing cells towards apoptosis. MAIN METHODS Isogenic p53+/+ and p53-/- ovarian cancer cell lines were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and the anti-cancer effect of telomerase inhibitors MST-312 and BIBR1532 were determined. Flow cytometry, real-time PCR, and western blot were performed to study cell cycle, apoptosis, and gene expression. KEY FINDINGS We report that MST-312 exhibits p53-dependent cytotoxicity, while BIBR1532 exhibits p53-independent cytotoxicity. Colony-forming ability also confirms the p53-dependent effect of MST-312. Re-expression of p53 in p53-/- cells could rescue MST-312 sensitivity. In p53+/+ cells, MST-312 causes S phase arrest and activation of p53-dependent target genes like anti-apoptosis markers (Fas and Puma) and cell cycle markers (p21 and cyclinB). In p53-/- cells, MST-312 causes S/G2/M arrest. BIBR1532 induces S/G2/M phase cell cycle arrest irrespective of p53 status. This correlates with the expression of the DNA damage marker (γ-H2AX). Long-term continuous treatment with MST-312 or BIBR1532 results in p53-independent telomere shortening. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, we demonstrate that acute anti-cancer effects of MST-312 are dependent on p53 expression. Hence, it is important to consider the p53 expression status in cancer cells when selecting and administering telomerase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Gala
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Meghna Jain
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Prachi Shah
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Amit Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Ekta Khattar
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai 400056, India.
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13
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Pommerenke C, Nagel S, Haake J, Koelz AL, Christgen M, Steenpass L, Eberth S. Molecular Characterization and Subtyping of Breast Cancer Cell Lines Provide Novel Insights into Cancer Relevant Genes. Cells 2024; 13:301. [PMID: 38391914 PMCID: PMC10886524 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Continuous cell lines are important and commonly used in vitro models in breast cancer (BC) research. Selection of the appropriate model cell line is crucial and requires consideration of their molecular characteristics. To characterize BC cell line models in depth, we profiled a panel of 29 authenticated and publicly available BC cell lines by mRNA-sequencing, mutation analysis, and immunoblotting. Gene expression profiles separated BC cell lines in two major clusters that represent basal-like (mainly triple-negative BC) and luminal BC subtypes, respectively. HER2-positive cell lines were located within the luminal cluster. Mutation calling highlighted the frequent aberration of TP53 and BRCA2 in BC cell lines, which, therefore, share relevant characteristics with primary BC. Furthermore, we showed that the data can be used to find novel, potential oncogenic fusion transcripts, e.g., FGFR2::CRYBG1 and RTN4IP1::CRYBG1 in cell line MFM-223, and to elucidate the regulatory circuit of IRX genes and KLF15 as novel candidate tumor suppressor genes in BC. Our data indicated that KLF15 was activated by IRX1 and inhibited by IRX3. Moreover, KLF15 inhibited IRX1 in cell line HCC-1599. Each BC cell line carries unique molecular features. Therefore, the molecular characteristics of BC cell lines described here might serve as a valuable resource to improve the selection of appropriate models for BC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pommerenke
- Department of Bioinformatics, IT and Databases, Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Stefan Nagel
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.N.)
| | - Josephine Haake
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.N.)
| | - Anne Leena Koelz
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.N.)
| | - Matthias Christgen
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Steenpass
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.N.)
- Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sonja Eberth
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.N.)
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14
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Duran I, Pombo J, Sun B, Gallage S, Kudo H, McHugh D, Bousset L, Barragan Avila JE, Forlano R, Manousou P, Heikenwalder M, Withers DJ, Vernia S, Goldin RD, Gil J. Detection of senescence using machine learning algorithms based on nuclear features. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1041. [PMID: 38310113 PMCID: PMC10838307 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45421-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress response with broad pathophysiological implications. Senotherapies can induce senescence to treat cancer or eliminate senescent cells to ameliorate ageing and age-related pathologies. However, the success of senotherapies is limited by the lack of reliable ways to identify senescence. Here, we use nuclear morphology features of senescent cells to devise machine-learning classifiers that accurately predict senescence induced by diverse stressors in different cell types and tissues. As a proof-of-principle, we use these senescence classifiers to characterise senolytics and to screen for drugs that selectively induce senescence in cancer cells but not normal cells. Moreover, a tissue senescence score served to assess the efficacy of senolytic drugs and identified senescence in mouse models of liver cancer initiation, ageing, and fibrosis, and in patients with fatty liver disease. Thus, senescence classifiers can help to detect pathophysiological senescence and to discover and validate potential senotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imanol Duran
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Joaquim Pombo
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Bin Sun
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Suchira Gallage
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- M3 Research Center for Malignome, Metabolome and Microbiome, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 37, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hiromi Kudo
- Section for Pathology, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Domhnall McHugh
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Laura Bousset
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jose Efren Barragan Avila
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roberta Forlano
- Liver Unit, Section of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Pinelopi Manousou
- Liver Unit, Section of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- M3 Research Center for Malignome, Metabolome and Microbiome, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 37, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180), Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominic J Withers
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Santiago Vernia
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Robert D Goldin
- Section for Pathology, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Jesús Gil
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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15
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Raab M, Kostova I, Peña‐Llopis S, Fietz D, Kressin M, Aberoumandi SM, Ullrich E, Becker S, Sanhaji M, Strebhardt K. Rescue of p53 functions by in vitro-transcribed mRNA impedes the growth of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024; 44:101-126. [PMID: 38140698 PMCID: PMC10794014 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cellular tumor protein p53 (TP53) is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently mutated in human cancers. Among various cancer types, the very aggressive high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) exhibits the highest prevalence of TP53 mutations, present in >96% of cases. Despite intensive efforts to reactivate p53, no clinical drug has been approved to rescue p53 function. In this study, our primary objective was to administer in vitro-transcribed (IVT) wild-type (WT) p53-mRNA to HGSOC cell lines, primary cells, and orthotopic mouse models, with the aim of exploring its impact on inhibiting tumor growth and dissemination, both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS To restore the activity of p53, WT p53 was exogenously expressed in HGSOC cell lines using a mammalian vector system. Moreover, IVT WT p53 mRNA was delivered into different HGSOC model systems (primary cells and patient-derived organoids) using liposomes and studied for proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, colony formation, and chromosomal instability. Transcriptomic alterations induced by p53 mRNA were analyzed using RNA sequencing in OVCAR-8 and primary HGSOC cells, followed by ingenuity pathway analysis. In vivo effects on tumor growth and metastasis were studied using orthotopic xenografts and metastatic intraperitoneal mouse models. RESULTS Reactivation of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene was explored in different HGSOC model systems using newly designed IVT mRNA-based methods. The introduction of WT p53 mRNA triggered dose-dependent apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and potent long-lasting inhibition of HGSOC cell proliferation. Transcriptome analysis of OVCAR-8 cells upon mRNA-based p53 reactivation revealed significant alterations in gene expression related to p53 signaling, such as apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and DNA damage. Restoring p53 function concurrently reduces chromosomal instability within the HGSOC cells, underscoring its crucial contribution in safeguarding genomic integrity by moderating the baseline occurrence of double-strand breaks arising from replication stress. Furthermore, in various mouse models, treatment with p53 mRNA reduced tumor growth and inhibited tumor cell dissemination in the peritoneal cavity in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The IVT mRNA-based reactivation of p53 holds promise as a potential therapeutic strategy for HGSOC, providing valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying p53 function and its relevance in ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Raab
- Department of GynecologyMedical SchoolGoethe‐UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Izabela Kostova
- Department of GynecologyMedical SchoolGoethe‐UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Samuel Peña‐Llopis
- Translational Genomics in Solid TumorsWest German Cancer CenterUniversity HospitalEssenGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)EssenGermany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Daniela Fietz
- Histology and EmbryologyInstitute for Veterinary AnatomyGiessenGermany
| | - Monika Kressin
- Department of GynecologyMedical SchoolGoethe‐UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Histology and EmbryologyInstitute for Veterinary AnatomyGiessenGermany
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aberoumandi
- Histology and EmbryologyInstitute for Veterinary AnatomyGiessenGermany
- Franfurt Cancer Institute (FCI)Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Evelyn Ullrich
- Franfurt Cancer Institute (FCI)Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Experimental ImmunologyDepartment for Children and Adolescents MedicineUniversity Hospital FrankfurtGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Sven Becker
- Department of GynecologyMedical SchoolGoethe‐UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Mourad Sanhaji
- Department of GynecologyMedical SchoolGoethe‐UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Department of GynecologyMedical SchoolGoethe‐UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
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16
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Zhang J, Li C, Sun L, Sun D, Zhao T. P53‑microRNA interactions regulate the response of colorectal tumor cells to oxaliplatin under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Oncol Rep 2023; 50:219. [PMID: 37921068 PMCID: PMC10636723 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXA)‑containing regimens are used as first‑line chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, OXA resistance remains a major challenge in CRC treatment. CRC cells that adapt to hypoxia can potentially develop OXA resistance, and the underlying molecular mechanisms still need to be further investigated. In the current study, the OXA drug sensitivity of two CRC cell lines, HCT116 (TP53WT) and HT29 (TP53MT), was compared under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. It was found that under normoxic condition, HCT116 cells showed significantly higher OXA sensitivity than HT29 cells. However, both cell lines showed remarkable OXA resistance under hypoxic conditions. It was also revealed that P53 levels were increased after OXA and hypoxia treatment in HCT116 cells but not in HT29 cells. Notably, knocking down P53WT decreased normoxic but increased hypoxic OXA sensitivity in HCT116 cells, which did not exist in HT29 cells. Molecular analysis indicated that P53WT activated microRNA (miR)‑26a and miR‑34a in OXA treatment and activated miR‑23a in hypoxia treatment. Cell proliferation experiments indicated that a high level of miR‑23a decreased OXA sensitivity and that a high level of miR‑26a or miR‑34a increased OXA sensitivity in HCT116 cells. Additionally, it was demonstrated that miR‑26a, miR‑34a and miR‑23a affect cell apoptosis through regulation of MCL‑1, EZH2, BCL‑2, SMAD 4 and STAT3. Taken together, the present findings revealed the dual function of P53 in regulating cellular chemo‑sensitivity and highlighted the role of P53‑miR interactions in the response of CRC cells to OXA chemotherapy under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Luanbiao Sun
- Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Denghua Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Tiancheng Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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17
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Saleh MM, El-Moselhy T, El-Bastawissy E, Ibrahim MAA, Sayed SRM, Hegazy MEF, Efferth T, Jaragh-Alhadad LA, Sidhom PA. The mystery of titan hunter: Rationalized striking of the MAPK pathway via Newly synthesized 6-Indolylpyridone-3-Carbonitrile derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115675. [PMID: 37506545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
MAPK pathway sparkles with RTK activation, passes through subsequent downstream RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling cascades, with consequent direct and indirect CDK4/6 signaling activation, and ends with cell survival, division, and proliferation. However, the emergence of anomalies such as mutations or overexpression in one or more points of the pathway could lead to cancer development and drug resistance. Therefore, designing small inhibitors to strike multitudinous MAPK pathway steps could be a promising synergistic strategy to confine cancer. In this study, twelve 6-indolylpyridone-3-carbonitrile candidates were synthesized and assessed in vitro for antineoplastic activity using four cancer cell lines. The initial antiproliferative screening revealed that compounds 3g, 3h, and 3i were the most potent candidates (GI% Avg = 70.10, 73.94, 74.33%, respectively) compared to staurosporine (GI% Avg = 70.99%). The subsequent safety and selectivity assessment showed that 3h exhibited sub-micromolar inhibition against lung cancer cells (HOP-92 GI50 = 0.75 μM) and 13.7 times selectivity toward cancerous cells over normal cells. As a result, 3h was nominated for deep mechanistic studies which evidenced that compound 3h impressively blocks multiple keystones of the MAPK pathway with nanomolar potency (EGFRWT IC50 = 281 nM, c-MET IC50 = 205 nM, B-RAFWT IC50 = 112 nM, and CDK4/6 IC50 = 95 and 184 nM, respectively). Surprisingly, 3h showed a remarkable potency against mutated EGFR and B-RAF, being 4 and 1.3 more selective to the mutated enzymes over the wild-type forms (EGFRT790M IC50 = 69 nM and B-RAFV600E IC50 = 83 nM). Ultimately, combined molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) calculations were executed to inspect the mode of binding and the complex stability of 3h towards the keystones of the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Tarek El-Moselhy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eman El-Bastawissy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A A Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt; School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Shaban R M Sayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed-Elamir F Hegazy
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Center, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Peter A Sidhom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
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18
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Morris J, Kunkel MW, White SL, Wishka DG, Lopez OD, Bowles L, Sellers Brady P, Ramsey P, Grams J, Rohrer T, Martin K, Dexheimer TS, Coussens NP, Evans D, Risbood P, Sonkin D, Williams JD, Polley EC, Collins JM, Doroshow JH, Teicher BA. Targeted Investigational Oncology Agents in the NCI-60: A Phenotypic Systems-based Resource. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1270-1279. [PMID: 37550087 PMCID: PMC10618733 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel has proved to be a useful tool for the global cancer research community in the search for novel chemotherapeutics. The publicly available cell line characterization and compound screening data from the NCI-60 assay have significantly contributed to the understanding of cellular mechanisms targeted by new oncology agents. Signature sensitivity/resistance patterns generated for a given chemotherapeutic agent against the NCI-60 panel have long served as fingerprint presentations that encompass target information and the mechanism of action associated with the tested agent. We report the establishment of a new public NCI-60 resource based on the cell line screening of a large and growing set of 175 FDA-approved oncology drugs (AOD) plus >825 clinical and investigational oncology agents (IOA), representing a diverse set (>250) of therapeutic targets and mechanisms. This data resource is available to the public (https://ioa.cancer.gov) and includes the raw data from the screening of the IOA and AOD collection along with an extensive set of visualization and analysis tools to allow for comparative study of individual test compounds and multiple compound sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Morris
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Mark W. Kunkel
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Stephen L. White
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Donn G. Wishka
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Omar D. Lopez
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Lori Bowles
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Penny Sellers Brady
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Patricia Ramsey
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Julie Grams
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Tiffany Rohrer
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Karen Martin
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Thomas S. Dexheimer
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Nathan P. Coussens
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - David Evans
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Prabhakar Risbood
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Dmitriy Sonkin
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - John D. Williams
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Eric C. Polley
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jerry M. Collins
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - James H. Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
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19
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Wittenstein A, Caspi M, Rippin I, Elroy-Stein O, Eldar-Finkelman H, Thoms S, Rosin-Arbesfeld R. Nonsense mutation suppression is enhanced by targeting different stages of the protein synthesis process. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002355. [PMID: 37943958 PMCID: PMC10684085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of premature termination codons (PTCs), as a result of splicing defects, insertions, deletions, or point mutations (also termed nonsense mutations), lead to numerous genetic diseases, ranging from rare neuro-metabolic disorders to relatively common inheritable cancer syndromes and muscular dystrophies. Over the years, a large number of studies have demonstrated that certain antibiotics and other synthetic molecules can act as PTC suppressors by inducing readthrough of nonsense mutations, thereby restoring the expression of full-length proteins. Unfortunately, most PTC readthrough-inducing agents are toxic, have limited effects, and cannot be used for therapeutic purposes. Thus, further efforts are required to improve the clinical outcome of nonsense mutation suppressors. Here, by focusing on enhancing readthrough of pathogenic nonsense mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene, we show that disturbing the protein translation initiation complex, as well as targeting other stages of the protein translation machinery, enhances both antibiotic and non-antibiotic-mediated readthrough of nonsense mutations. These findings strongly increase our understanding of the mechanisms involved in nonsense mutation readthrough and facilitate the development of novel therapeutic targets for nonsense suppression to restore protein expression from a large variety of disease-causing mutated transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Wittenstein
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Caspi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Rippin
- The Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orna Elroy-Stein
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagit Eldar-Finkelman
- The Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sven Thoms
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Medical School EWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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20
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Shen L, Chen YL, Huang CC, Shyu YC, Seftor REB, Seftor EA, Hendrix MJC, Chien DS, Chu YW. CVM-1118 (foslinanib), a 2-phenyl-4-quinolone derivative, promotes apoptosis and inhibits vasculogenic mimicry via targeting TRAP1. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1611038. [PMID: 37351538 PMCID: PMC10283505 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1611038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
CVM-1118 (foslinanib) is a phosphoric ester compound selected from 2-phenyl-4-quinolone derivatives. The NCI 60 cancer panel screening showed CVM-1125, the major active metabolite of CVM-1118, to exhibit growth inhibitory and cytotoxic effects at nanomolar range. CVM-1118 possesses multiple bioactivities, including inducing cellular apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at G2/M, as well as inhibiting vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation. The TNF receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1) was identified as the binding target of CVM-1125 using nematic protein organization technique (NPOT) interactome analysis. Further studies demonstrated CVM-1125 reduced the protein level of TRAP1 and impeded its downstream signaling by reduction of cellular succinate levels and destabilization of HIF-1α. The pharmacogenomic biomarkers associated with CVM-1118 were also examined by Whole Genome CRISPR Knock-Out Screening. Two hits (STK11 and NF2) were confirmed with higher sensitivity to the drug in cell knock-down experiments. Biological assays indicate that the mechanism of action of CVM-1118 is via targeting TRAP1 to induce mitochondrial apoptosis, suppress tumor cell growth, and inhibit vasculogenic mimicry formation. Most importantly, the loss-of-function mutations of STK11 and NF2 are potential biomarkers of CVM-1118 which can be applied in the selection of cancer patients for CVM-1118 treatment. CVM-1118 is currently in its Phase 2a clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Elisabeth A. Seftor
- Department of Biology, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV, United States
| | - Mary J. C. Hendrix
- Department of Biology, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV, United States
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21
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Basu A, Champagne RN, Patel NG, Nicholson ED, Weiss RJ. TFCP2 is a transcriptional regulator of heparan sulfate assembly and melanoma cell growth. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104713. [PMID: 37061003 PMCID: PMC10200990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) is a long, linear polysaccharide that is ubiquitously expressed in all animal cells and plays a key role in many cellular processes, including cell signaling and development. Dysregulation of HS assembly has been implicated in pathophysiological conditions, such as tumorigenesis and rare genetic disorders. HS biosynthesis occurs in a non-template-driven manner in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi through the activity of a large group of biosynthetic enzymes. While much is known about its biosynthesis, little is understood about the regulation of HS assembly across diverse tissue types and disease states. To address this gap in knowledge, we recently performed genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens to identify novel regulatory factors of HS biosynthesis. From these screens, we identified the alpha globin transcription factor, TFCP2, as a top hit. To investigate the role of TFCP2 in HS assembly, we targeted TFCP2 expression in human melanoma cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. TFCP2 knockout cells exhibited decreased fibroblast growth factor binding to cell surface HS, alterations in HS composition, and slowed cell growth compared to wild-type cells. Additionally, RNA sequencing revealed that TFCP2 regulates the expression of multiple enzymes involved in HS assembly, including the secreted endosulfatase, SULF1. Pharmacological targeting of TFCP2 activity similarly reduced growth factor binding and increased SULF1 expression, and the knockdown of SULF1 expression in TFCP2 mutant cells restored melanoma cell growth. Overall, these studies identify TFCP2 as a novel transcriptional regulator of HS and highlight HS-protein interactions as a possible target to slow melanoma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Basu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Rachel N Champagne
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Neil G Patel
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Elijah D Nicholson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Ryan J Weiss
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
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22
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Constantin TA, Varela-Carver A, Greenland KK, de Almeida GS, Olden E, Penfold L, Ang S, Ormrod A, Leach DA, Lai CF, Ainscow EK, Bahl AK, Carling D, Fuchter MJ, Ali S, Bevan CL. The CDK7 inhibitor CT7001 (Samuraciclib) targets proliferation pathways to inhibit advanced prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:2326-2337. [PMID: 37076563 PMCID: PMC10241923 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current strategies to inhibit androgen receptor (AR) are circumvented in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) promotes AR signalling, in addition to established roles in cell cycle and global transcription, providing a rationale for its therapeutic targeting in CRPC. METHODS The antitumour activity of CT7001, an orally bioavailable CDK7 inhibitor, was investigated across CRPC models in vitro and in xenograft models in vivo. Cell-based assays and transcriptomic analyses of treated xenografts were employed to investigate the mechanisms driving CT7001 activity, alone and in combination with the antiandrogen enzalutamide. RESULTS CT7001 selectively engages with CDK7 in prostate cancer cells, causing inhibition of proliferation and cell cycle arrest. Activation of p53, induction of apoptosis, and suppression of transcription mediated by full-length and constitutively active AR splice variants contribute to antitumour efficacy in vitro. Oral administration of CT7001 represses growth of CRPC xenografts and significantly augments growth inhibition achieved by enzalutamide. Transcriptome analyses of treated xenografts indicate cell cycle and AR inhibition as the mode of action of CT7001 in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study supports CDK7 inhibition as a strategy to target deregulated cell proliferation and demonstrates CT7001 is a promising CRPC therapeutic, alone or in combination with AR-targeting compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora A Constantin
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Anabel Varela-Carver
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Kyle K Greenland
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Gilberto Serrano de Almeida
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Ellen Olden
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Lucy Penfold
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Simon Ang
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Alice Ormrod
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Damien A Leach
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Chun-Fui Lai
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Edward K Ainscow
- Carrick Therapeutics, Nova UCD, Bellfield Innovation Park, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Ash K Bahl
- Carrick Therapeutics, Nova UCD, Bellfield Innovation Park, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - David Carling
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, UK
| | - Simak Ali
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Charlotte L Bevan
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK.
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23
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Celesia A, Franzò M, Di Liberto D, Lauricella M, Carlisi D, D'Anneo A, Notaro A, Allegra M, Giuliano M, Emanuele S. Oncogenic BRAF and p53 Interplay in Melanoma Cells and the Effects of the HDAC Inhibitor ITF2357 (Givinostat). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119148. [PMID: 37298104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic BRAF mutations have been widely described in melanomas and promote tumour progression and chemoresistance. We previously provided evidence that the HDAC inhibitor ITF2357 (Givinostat) targets oncogenic BRAF in SK-MEL-28 and A375 melanoma cells. Here, we show that oncogenic BRAF localises to the nucleus of these cells, and the compound decreases BRAF levels in both the nuclear and cytosolic compartments. Although mutations in the tumour suppressor p53 gene are not equally frequent in melanomas compared to BRAF, the functional impairment of the p53 pathway may also contribute to melanoma development and aggressiveness. To understand whether oncogenic BRAF and p53 may cooperate, a possible interplay was considered in the two cell lines displaying a different p53 status, being p53 mutated into an oncogenic form in SK-MEL-28 and wild-type in A375 cells. Immunoprecipitation revealed that BRAF seems to preferentially interact with oncogenic p53. Interestingly, ITF2357 not only reduced BRAF levels but also oncogenic p53 levels in SK-MEL-28 cells. ITF2357 also targeted BRAF in A375 cells but not wild-type p53, which increased, most likely favouring apoptosis. Silencing experiments confirmed that the response to ITF2357 in BRAF-mutated cells depends on p53 status, thus providing a rationale for melanoma-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Celesia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marzia Franzò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Diana Di Liberto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonietta Notaro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Allegra
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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24
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Ford K, Munson BP, Fong SH, Panwala R, Chu WK, Rainaldi J, Plongthongkum N, Arunachalam V, Kostrowicki J, Meluzzi D, Kreisberg JF, Jensen-Pergakes K, VanArsdale T, Paul T, Tamayo P, Zhang K, Bienkowska J, Mali P, Ideker T. Multimodal perturbation analyses of cyclin-dependent kinases reveal a network of synthetic lethalities associated with cell-cycle regulation and transcriptional regulation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7678. [PMID: 37169829 PMCID: PMC10175263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cycle control is accomplished by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), motivating extensive research into CDK targeting small-molecule drugs as cancer therapeutics. Here we use combinatorial CRISPR/Cas9 perturbations to uncover an extensive network of functional interdependencies among CDKs and related factors, identifying 43 synthetic-lethal and 12 synergistic interactions. We dissect CDK perturbations using single-cell RNAseq, for which we develop a novel computational framework to precisely quantify cell-cycle effects and diverse cell states orchestrated by specific CDKs. While pairwise disruption of CDK4/6 is synthetic-lethal, only CDK6 is required for normal cell-cycle progression and transcriptional activation. Multiple CDKs (CDK1/7/9/12) are synthetic-lethal in combination with PRMT5, independent of cell-cycle control. In-depth analysis of mRNA expression and splicing patterns provides multiple lines of evidence that the CDK-PRMT5 dependency is due to aberrant transcriptional regulation resulting in premature termination. These inter-dependencies translate to drug-drug synergies, with therapeutic implications in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Ford
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Brenton P Munson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Samson H Fong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rebecca Panwala
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Wai Keung Chu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Joseph Rainaldi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nongluk Plongthongkum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Dario Meluzzi
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jason F Kreisberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Todd VanArsdale
- Pfizer Inc, 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Thomas Paul
- Pfizer Inc, 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Pablo Tamayo
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Prashant Mali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Trey Ideker
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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25
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Seo DS, Joo S, Baek S, Kang J, Kwon TK, Jang Y. Metformin Resistance Is Associated with Expression of Inflammatory and Invasive Genes in A549 Lung Cancer Cells. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051014. [PMID: 37239373 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin, the most commonly used drug for type 2 diabetes, has recently been shown to have beneficial effects in patients with cancer. Despite growing evidence that metformin can inhibit tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, studies on drug resistance and its side effects are lacking. Here, we aimed to establish metformin-resistant A549 human lung cancer cells (A549-R) to determine the side effects of metformin resistance. Toward this, we established A549-R by way of prolonged treatment with metformin and examined the changes in gene expression, cell migration, cell cycle, and mitochondrial fragmentation. Metformin resistance is associated with increased G1-phase cell cycle arrest and impaired mitochondrial fragmentation in A549 cells. We demonstrated that metformin resistance highly increased the expression of proinflammatory and invasive genes, including BMP5, CXCL3, VCAM1, and POSTN, using RNA-seq analysis. A549-R exhibited increased cell migration and focal adhesion formation, suggesting that metformin resistance may potentially lead to metastasis during anti-cancer therapy with metformin. Taken together, our findings indicate that metformin resistance may lead to invasion in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Soo Seo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Joo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Baek
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeon Kang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Jang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea
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26
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Terrones M, de Beeck KO, Van Camp G, Vandeweyer G. Pre-clinical modelling of ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2023; 180:107192. [PMID: 37068393 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous group of diseases which accounts for 80% of newly diagnosed lung cancers. In the previous decade, a new molecular subset of NSCLC patients (around 2%) harboring rearrangements of the c-ros oncogene 1 was defined. ROS1+ NSCLC is typically diagnosed in young, nonsmoker individuals presenting an adenocarcinoma histology. Patients can benefit from tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as crizotinib and entrectinib, compounds initially approved to treat ALK-, MET- or NTRK- rearranged malignancies respectively. Given the low prevalence of ROS1-rearranged tumors, the use of TKIs was authorized based on pre-clinical evidence using limited experimental models, followed by basket clinical trials. After initiating targeted therapy, disease relapse is reported in approximately 50% of cases as a result of the appearance of resistance mechanisms. The restricted availability of TKIs active against resistance events critically reduces the overall survival. In this review we discuss the pre-clinical ROS1+ NSCLC models developed up to date, highlighting their strengths and limitations with respect to the unmet clinical needs. By combining gene-editing tools and novel cell culture approaches, newly developed pre-clinical models will enhance the development of next-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors that overcome resistant tumor cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Terrones
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Ken Op de Beeck
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Geert Vandeweyer
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
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Lechuga S, Braga-Neto MB, Naydenov NG, Rieder F, Ivanov AI. Understanding disruption of the gut barrier during inflammation: Should we abandon traditional epithelial cell lines and switch to intestinal organoids? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1108289. [PMID: 36875103 PMCID: PMC9983034 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1108289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier is a hallmark of mucosal inflammation. It increases exposure of the immune system to luminal microbes, triggering a perpetuating inflammatory response. For several decades, the inflammatory stimuli-induced breakdown of the human gut barrier was studied in vitro by using colon cancer derived epithelial cell lines. While providing a wealth of important data, these cell lines do not completely mimic the morphology and function of normal human intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) due to cancer-related chromosomal abnormalities and oncogenic mutations. The development of human intestinal organoids provided a physiologically-relevant experimental platform to study homeostatic regulation and disease-dependent dysfunctions of the intestinal epithelial barrier. There is need to align and integrate the emerging data obtained with intestinal organoids and classical studies that utilized colon cancer cell lines. This review discusses the utilization of human intestinal organoids to dissect the roles and mechanisms of gut barrier disruption during mucosal inflammation. We summarize available data generated with two major types of organoids derived from either intestinal crypts or induced pluripotent stem cells and compare them to the results of earlier studies with conventional cell lines. We identify research areas where the complementary use of colon cancer-derived cell lines and organoids advance our understanding of epithelial barrier dysfunctions in the inflamed gut and identify unique questions that could be addressed only by using the intestinal organoid platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Lechuga
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Manuel B. Braga-Neto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Nayden G. Naydenov
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Andrei I. Ivanov
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Kim O, Butler M, Sergi Z, Robey RW, Zhang M, Chari R, Pang Y, Yu G, Zhang W, Song H, Davis D, Hawley RG, Wen X, Wang H, Quezado M, Tran B, Merchant M, Ranjan A, Furnari FB, Khan J, Gilbert MR, Ryan Miller C, Gottesman MM, Pommier Y, Wu J. Combined inhibition of topoisomerase I and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: A synergistic therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma with phosphatase and tensin homolog deficiency. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad102. [PMID: 37706203 PMCID: PMC10496946 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deletions or loss-of-function mutations in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) are common in glioblastoma (GBM) and have been associated with defective DNA damage repair. Here we investigated whether PTEN deficiency presents a vulnerability to a simultaneous induction of DNA damage and suppression of repair mechanisms by combining topoisomerase I (TOP1) and PARP inhibitors. Methods Patient-derived GBM cells and isogenic PTEN-null and PTEN-WT glioma cells were treated with LMP400 (Indotecan), a novel non-camptothecin TOP1 inhibitor alone and in combination with a PARP inhibitor, Olaparib or Niraparib. RNAseq analysis was performed to identify treatment-induced dysregulated pathways. Results We found that GBM cells lacking PTEN expression are highly sensitive to LMP400; however, rescue of the PTEN expression reduces sensitivity to the treatment. Combining LMP400 with Niraparib leads to synergistic cytotoxicity by inducing G2/M arrest, DNA damage, suppression of homologous recombination-related proteins, and activation of caspase 3/7 activity significantly more in PTEN-null cells compared to PTEN-WT cells. LMP400 and Niraparib are not affected by ABCB1 and ABCG2, the major ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporters expressed at the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus suggesting BBB penetration which is a prerequisite for potential brain tumor treatment. Animal studies confirmed both an anti-glioma effect and sufficient BBB penetration to prolong survival of mice treated with the drug combination. Conclusions Our findings provide a proof of concept for the combined treatment with LMP400 and Niraparib in a subset of GBM patients with PTEN deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kim
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Madison Butler
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zach Sergi
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert W Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meili Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Raj Chari
- Genome Modification Core laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Inc/ Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ying Pang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Guangyang Yu
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hua Song
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dionne Davis
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert G Hawley
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xinyu Wen
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Herui Wang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Bao Tran
- Sequencing Facility, Leidos Biomedical Inc/ Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Mythili Merchant
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alice Ranjan
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Frank B Furnari
- University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Michael M Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jing Wu
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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29
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Kinnunen PC, Luker GD, Luker KE, Linderman JJ. Computational modeling implicates protein scaffolding in p38 regulation of Akt. J Theor Biol 2022; 555:111294. [PMID: 36195198 PMCID: PMC10394737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cells process environmental cues by activating intracellular signaling pathways with numerous interconnections and opportunities for cross-regulation. We employed a systems biology approach to investigate intersections of kinase p38, a context-dependent tumor suppressor or promoter, with Akt and ERK, two kinases known to promote cell survival, proliferation, and drug resistance in cancer. Using live, single cell microscopy, multiplexed fluorescent reporters of p38, Akt, and ERK activities, and a custom automated image-processing pipeline, we detected marked heterogeneity of signaling outputs in breast cancer cells stimulated with chemokine CXCL12 or epidermal growth factor (EGF). Basal activity of p38 correlated inversely with amplitude of Akt and ERK activation in response to either ligand. Remarkably, small molecule inhibitors of p38 immediately decreased basal activities of Akt and ERK but increased the proportion of cells with high amplitude ligand-induced activation of Akt signaling. To identify mechanisms underlying cross-talk of p38 with Akt signaling, we developed a computational model incorporating subcellular compartmentalization of signaling molecules by scaffold proteins. Dynamics of this model revealed that subcellular scaffolding of Akt accounted for observed regulation by p38. The model also predicted that differences in the amount of scaffold protein in a subcellular compartment captured the observed single cell heterogeneity in signaling. Finally, our model predicted that reduction in kinase signaling can be accomplished by both scaffolding and direct kinase inhibition. However, scaffolding inhibition can potentiate future kinase activity by redistribution of pathway components, potentially amplifying oncogenic signaling. These studies reveal how computational modeling can decipher mechanisms of cross-talk between the p38 and Akt signaling pathways and point to scaffold proteins as central regulators of signaling dynamics and amplitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Kinnunen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 United States
| | - Gary D Luker
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 United States
| | - Kathryn E Luker
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 United States
| | - Jennifer J Linderman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 United States.
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30
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Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of 1,2,4-Triazolo-Linked Bis-Indolyl Conjugates as Dual Inhibitors of Tankyrase and PI3K. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217642. [PMID: 36364474 PMCID: PMC9657870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new 1,2,4-triazolo-linked bis-indolyl conjugates (15a–r) were prepared by multistep synthesis and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cell lines. It was observed that they were more susceptible to colon and breast cancer cells. Conjugates 15o (IC50 = 2.04 μM) and 15r (IC50 = 0.85 μM) illustrated promising cytotoxicity compared to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, IC50 = 5.31 μM) against the HT-29 cell line. Interestingly, 15o and 15r induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, these conjugates led to apoptosis in HT-29 at 2 μM and 1 μM, respectively, and also enhanced the total ROS production as well as the mitochondrial-generated ROS. Immunofluorescence and Western blot assays revealed that these conjugates reduced the expression levels of the PI3K-P85, β-catenin, TAB-182, β-actin, AXIN-2, and NF-κB markers that are involved in the β-catenin pathway of colorectal cancer. The results of the in silico docking studies of 15r and 15o further support their dual inhibitory behaviour against PI3K and tankyrase. Interestingly, the conjugates have adequate ADME-toxicity parameters based on the calculated results of the molecular dynamic simulations, as we found that these inhibitors (15r) influenced the conformational flexibility of the 4OA7 and 3L54 proteins.
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31
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Barbolina MV. Targeting Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau in Chemotherapy-Resistant Models of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4535. [PMID: 36139693 PMCID: PMC9496900 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapsed, recurrent, chemotherapy-resistant high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is the deadliest stage of this disease. Expression of microtubule-associated protein tau (tau) has been linked to resistance to paclitaxel treatment. Here, I used models of platinum-resistant and created models of platinum/paclitaxel-resistant high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma to examine the impact of reducing tau expression on cell survival and tumor burden in cell culture and xenograft and syngeneic models of the disease. Tau was overexpressed in platinum/paclitaxel-resistant models; expression of phosphoSer396 and phosphoThr181 species was also found. A treatment with leucomethylene blue reduced the levels of tau in treated cells, was cytotoxic in cell cultures, and efficiently reduced the tumor burden in xenograft models. Furthermore, a combination of leucomethylene blue and paclitaxel synergized in eliminating cancer cells in cell culture and xenograft models. These findings underscore the feasibility of targeting tau as a treatment option in terminal-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Barbolina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60091, USA
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32
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Elangovan A, Hooda J, Savariau L, Puthanmadhomnarayanan S, Yates ME, Chen J, Brown DD, McAuliffe PF, Oesterreich S, Atkinson JM, Lee AV. Loss of E-cadherin Induces IGF1R Activation and Reveals a Targetable Pathway in Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1405-1419. [PMID: 35665642 PMCID: PMC9444924 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
No special-type breast cancer [NST; commonly known as invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)] and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) are the two major histological subtypes of breast cancer with significant differences in clinicopathological and molecular characteristics. The defining pathognomonic feature of ILC is loss of cellular adhesion protein, E-cadherin (CDH1). We have previously shown that E-cadherin functions as a negative regulator of the IGF1R and propose that E-cadherin loss in ILC sensitizes cells to growth factor signaling that thus alters their sensitivity to growth factor-signaling inhibitors and their downstream activators. To investigate this potential therapeutic vulnerability, we generated CRISPR-mediated CDH1 knockout (CDH1 KO) IDC cell lines (MCF7, T47D, and ZR75.1) to uncover the mechanism by which loss of E-cadherin results in IGF pathway activation. CDH1 KO cells demonstrated enhanced invasion and migration that was further elevated in response to IGF1, serum and collagen I. CDH1 KO cells exhibited increased sensitivity to IGF resulting in elevated downstream signaling. Despite minimal differences in membranous IGF1R levels between wild-type (WT) and CDH1 KO cells, significantly higher ligand-receptor interaction was observed in the CDH1 KO cells, potentially conferring enhanced downstream signaling activation. Critically, increased sensitivity to IGF1R, PI3K, Akt, and MEK inhibitors was observed in CDH1 KO cells and ILC patient-derived organoids. IMPLICATIONS Overall, this suggests that these targets require further exploration in ILC treatment and that CDH1 loss may be exploited as a biomarker of response for patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashuvinee Elangovan
- Molecular Genetics and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA.,Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jagmohan Hooda
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Laura Savariau
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Susrutha Puthanmadhomnarayanan
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Megan E. Yates
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jian Chen
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Priscilla F. McAuliffe
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Section of Breast Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jennifer M. Atkinson
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Corresponding Authors: Adrian V. Lee, PhD, , Phone: 4126417724, Fax: 4126416456, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, Jennifer M. Atkinson, PhD, , Phone: 4126417724, Fax: 4126416456, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Corresponding Authors: Adrian V. Lee, PhD, , Phone: 4126417724, Fax: 4126416456, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, Jennifer M. Atkinson, PhD, , Phone: 4126417724, Fax: 4126416456, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Ortmayr K, Zampieri M. Sorting-free metabolic profiling uncovers the vulnerability of fatty acid β-oxidation in in vitro quiescence models. Mol Syst Biol 2022; 18:e10716. [PMID: 36094015 PMCID: PMC9465820 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescent cancer cells are rare nondiving cells with the unique ability to evade chemotherapies and resume cell division after treatment. Despite the associated risk of cancer recurrence, how cells can reversibly switch between rapid proliferation and quiescence remains a long-standing open question. By developing a unique methodology for the cell sorting-free separation of metabolic profiles in cell subpopulations in vitro, we unraveled metabolic characteristics of quiescent cells that are largely invariant to basal differences in cell types and quiescence-inducing stimuli. Consistent with our metabolome-based analysis, we show that impairing mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) can induce apoptosis in quiescence-induced cells and hamper their return to proliferation. Our findings suggest that in addition to mediating energy and redox balance, FAO can play a role in preventing the buildup of toxic intermediates during transitioning to quiescence. Uncovering metabolic strategies to enter, maintain, and exit quiescence can reveal fundamental principles in cell plasticity and new potential therapeutic targets beyond cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ortmayr
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETHZürichSwitzerland
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Mattia Zampieri
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETHZürichSwitzerland
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34
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Wang Y, Stancliffe E, Fowle-Grider R, Wang R, Wang C, Schwaiger-Haber M, Shriver LP, Patti GJ. Saturation of the mitochondrial NADH shuttles drives aerobic glycolysis in proliferating cells. Mol Cell 2022; 82:3270-3283.e9. [PMID: 35973426 PMCID: PMC10134440 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proliferating cells exhibit a metabolic phenotype known as "aerobic glycolysis," which is characterized by an elevated rate of glucose fermentation to lactate irrespective of oxygen availability. Although several theories have been proposed, a rationalization for why proliferating cells seemingly waste glucose carbon by excreting it as lactate remains elusive. Using the NCI-60 cell lines, we determined that lactate excretion is strongly correlated with the activity of mitochondrial NADH shuttles, but not proliferation. Quantifying the fluxes of the malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS), the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle (G3PS), and lactate dehydrogenase under various conditions demonstrated that proliferating cells primarily transform glucose to lactate when glycolysis outpaces the mitochondrial NADH shuttles. Increasing mitochondrial NADH shuttle fluxes decreased glucose fermentation but did not reduce the proliferation rate. Our results reveal that glucose fermentation, a hallmark of cancer, is a secondary consequence of MAS and G3PS saturation rather than a unique metabolic driver of cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ethan Stancliffe
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ronald Fowle-Grider
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Rencheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Michaela Schwaiger-Haber
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Leah P Shriver
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Gary J Patti
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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Yen SC, Wu YW, Huang CC, Chao MW, Tu HJ, Chen LC, Lin TE, Sung TY, Tseng HJ, Chu JC, Huang WJ, Yang CR, HuangFu WC, Pan SL, Hsu KC. O-methylated flavonol as a multi-kinase inhibitor of leukemogenic kinases exhibits a potential treatment for acute myeloid leukemia. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154061. [PMID: 35364561 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with poor overall survival characterized by various genetic changes. The continuous activation of oncogenic pathways leads to the development of drug resistance and limits current therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, a multi-targeting inhibitor may overcome drug resistance observed in AML treatment. Recently, groups of flavonoids, such as flavones and flavonols, have been shown to inhibit a variety of kinase activities, which provides potential opportunities for further anticancer applications. PURPOSE In this study, we evaluated the anticancer effects of flavonoid compounds collected from our in-house library and investigated their potential anticancer mechanisms by targeting multiple kinases for inhibition in AML cells. METHODS The cytotoxic effect of the compounds was detected by cell viability assays. The kinase inhibitory activity of the selected compound was detected by kinase-based and cell-based assays. The binding conformation and interactions were investigated by molecular docking analysis. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis. The protein and gene expression were estimated by western blotting and qPCR, respectively. RESULTS In this study, an O-methylated flavonol (compound 11) was found to possess remarkable cytotoxic activity against AML cells compared to treatment in other cancer cell lines. The compound was demonstrated to act against multiple kinases, which play critical roles in survival signaling in AML, including FLT3, MNK2, RSK, DYRK2 and JAK2 with IC50 values of 1 - 2 μM. Compared to our previous flavonoid compounds, which only showed inhibitions against MNKs or FLT3, compound 11 exhibited multiple kinase inhibitory abilities. Moreover, compound 11 showed effectiveness in inhibiting internal tandem duplications of FLT3 (FLT3-ITDs), which accounts for 25% of AML cases. The interactions between compound 11 and targeted kinases were investigated by molecular docking analysis. Mechanically, compound 11 caused dose-dependent accumulation of leukemic cells at the G0/G1 phase and followed by the cells undergoing apoptosis. CONCLUSION O-methylated flavonol, compound 11, can target multiple kinases, which may provide potential opportunities for the development of novel therapeutics for drug-resistant AMLs. This work provides a good starting point for further compound optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chung Yen
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Wen Wu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chiao Huang
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wu Chao
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ju Tu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chieh Chen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tony Eight Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Master Program in Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ying Sung
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tseng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jung-Chun Chu
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ron Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun HuangFu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Cheng Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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36
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Jandova J, Park SL, Corenblum MJ, Madhavan L, Snell JA, Rounds L, Wondrak GT. Mefloquine induces ER stress and apoptosis in BRAFi-resistant A375-BRAF V600E /NRAS Q61K malignant melanoma cells targeting intracranial tumors in a bioluminescent murine model. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:603-614. [PMID: 35417045 PMCID: PMC9133119 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly targeted therapeutics have revolutionized the treatment of BRAFV600E -driven malignant melanoma, but the rapid development of resistance to BRAF kinase inhibitors (BRAFi) presents a significant obstacle. The use of clinical antimalarials for the investigational treatment of malignant melanoma has shown only moderate promise, attributed mostly to inhibition of lysosomal-autophagic adaptations of cancer cells, but identification of specific antimalarials displaying single-agent antimelanoma activity has remained elusive. Here, we have screened a focused library of clinically used artemisinin-combination therapeutic (ACT) antimalarials for the apoptotic elimination of cultured malignant melanoma cell lines, also examining feasibility of overcoming BRAFi-resistance comparing isogenic melanoma cells that differ only by NRAS mutational status (BRAFi-sensitive A375-BRAFV600E /NRASQ61 vs. BRAFi-resistant A375-BRAFV600E /NRASQ61K ). Among ACT antimalarials tested, mefloquine (MQ) was the only apoptogenic agent causing melanoma cell death at low micromolar concentrations. Comparative gene expression-array analysis (A375-BRAFV600E /NRASQ61 vs. A375-BRAFV600E /NRASQ61K ) revealed that MQ is a dual inducer of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and redox stress responses that precede MQ-induced loss of viability. ER-trackerTM DPX fluorescence imaging and electron microscopy indicated ER swelling, accompanied by rapid induction of ER stress signaling (phospho-eIF2α, XBP-1s, ATF4). Fluo-4 AM-fluorescence indicated the occurrence of cytosolic calcium overload observable within seconds of MQ exposure. In a bioluminescent murine model employing intracranial injection of A375-Luc2 (BRAFV600E /NRASQ61K ) cells, an oral MQ regimen efficiently antagonized brain tumor growth. Taken together, these data suggest that the clinical antimalarial MQ may be a valid candidate for drug repurposing aiming at chemotherapeutic elimination of malignant melanoma cells, even if metastasized to the brain and BRAFi-resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Jandova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Sophia L. Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Mandi J. Corenblum
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jeremy A. Snell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Liliana Rounds
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Georg T. Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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37
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Kemmer S, Berdiel-Acer M, Reinz E, Sonntag J, Tarade N, Bernhardt S, Fehling-Kaschek M, Hasmann M, Korf U, Wiemann S, Timmer J. Disentangling ERBB Signaling in Breast Cancer Subtypes-A Model-Based Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2379. [PMID: 35625984 PMCID: PMC9139462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies have shown striking success in the treatment of cancer over the last years. However, their specific effects on an individual tumor appear to be varying and difficult to predict. Using an integrative modeling approach that combines mechanistic and regression modeling, we gained insights into the response mechanisms of breast cancer cells due to different ligand-drug combinations. The multi-pathway model, capturing ERBB receptor signaling as well as downstream MAPK and PI3K pathways was calibrated on time-resolved data of the luminal breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and T47D across an array of four ligands and five drugs. The same model was then successfully applied to triple negative and HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines, requiring adjustments mostly for the respective receptor compositions within these cell lines. The additional relevance of cell-line-specific mutations in the MAPK and PI3K pathway components was identified via L1 regularization, where the impact of these mutations on pathway activation was uncovered. Finally, we predicted and experimentally validated the proliferation response of cells to drug co-treatments. We developed a unified mathematical model that can describe the ERBB receptor and downstream signaling in response to therapeutic drugs targeting this clinically relevant signaling network in cell line that represent three major subtypes of breast cancer. Our data and model suggest that alterations in this network could render anti-HER therapies relevant beyond the HER2-positive subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Kemmer
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (S.K.); (M.F.-K.)
- FDM—Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mireia Berdiel-Acer
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Eileen Reinz
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Johanna Sonntag
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Nooraldeen Tarade
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Bernhardt
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Mirjam Fehling-Kaschek
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (S.K.); (M.F.-K.)
- FDM—Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Korf
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Jens Timmer
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (S.K.); (M.F.-K.)
- FDM—Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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38
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In Vitro Human Cancer Models for Biomedical Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092284. [PMID: 35565413 PMCID: PMC9099454 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. While numerous studies have been conducted on cancer treatment, clinical treatment options for cancers are still limited. To date, animal cancer models for cancer therapeutic studies have faced multiple challenges, including inaccuracy in the representation of human cancers, high cost and ethical concerns. Therefore, lab-grown human cancer models are being developed quickly to fulfill the increasing demand for more relevant models in order to improve knowledge of human cancers and to find novel treatments. This review summarizes the development of lab-grown human cancer models for biomedical applications, including cancer therapeutic development, assessment of human tumor biology and discovery of key cancer markers. Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and its incidence is steadily increasing. Although years of research have been conducted on cancer treatment, clinical treatment options for cancers are still limited. Animal cancer models have been widely used for studies of cancer therapeutics, but these models have been associated with many concerns, including inaccuracy in the representation of human cancers, high cost and ethical issues. Therefore, in vitro human cancer models are being developed quickly to fulfill the increasing demand for more relevant models in order to get a better knowledge of human cancers and to find novel treatments. This review summarizes the development of in vitro human cancer models for biomedical applications. We first review the latest development in the field by detailing various types of in vitro human cancer models, including transwell-based models, tumor spheroids, microfluidic tumor-microvascular systems and scaffold-based models. The advantages and limitations of each model, as well as their biomedical applications, are summarized, including therapeutic development, assessment of tumor cell migration, metastasis and invasion and discovery of key cancer markers. Finally, the existing challenges and future perspectives are briefly discussed.
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Murakami Y, Konishi H, Fujiya M, Takahashi K, Ando K, Ueno N, Kashima S, Moriichi K, Tanabe H, Okumura T. Testis-specific hnRNP is expressed in colorectal cancer cells and accelerates cell growth mediating ZDHHC11 mRNA stabilization. Cancer Med 2022; 11:3643-3656. [PMID: 35384384 PMCID: PMC9554453 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Various heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) have been reported to be associated with cancer cell growth. However, it remains unclear whether hnRNP G‐T, which is specifically expressed in the testis, is expressed in tumor cells, and whether hnRNP G‐T expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells is associated with tumor progression. We herein report that hnRNP G‐T promoted cancer cell growth and stabilized mRNA of ZDHHC11 in CRC. The cell growth was inhibited by transfection of siRNA of hnRNP G‐T in cancer cells, but not in non‐cancerous epithelial cells. The tumor promotive effect of hnRNP G‐T was confirmed in an HCT116 transplanted mouse model. RT‐PCR and western blotting indicated the augmentation of hnRNP G‐T in CRC in comparison to non‐cancerous cells. The downregulation of hnRNP G‐T inhibited cancer cell growth and promoted apoptosis in CRC. A transcriptome analysis combined with immunoprecipitation revealed that hnRNP G‐T stabilized 174 mRNAs, including ZDHHC11 mRNA. The cell growth was also suppressed by the transfection of siRNA of ZDHHC11 and the mRNA and the protein expression were decreased by the transfection of siRNA of hnRNP G‐T. These results suggested that hnRNP G‐T promotes the cell growth of CRC by regulating the mRNA of ZDHHC11. Therefore, hnRNP G‐T will be highlighted as an effective therapeutic target with less adverse effects in CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Murakami
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Konishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Fujiya
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Keitaro Takahashi
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Ando
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ueno
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Shin Kashima
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Moriichi
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanabe
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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40
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Borsari C, Keles E, McPhail JA, Schaefer A, Sriramaratnam R, Goch W, Schaefer T, De Pascale M, Bal W, Gstaiger M, Burke JE, Wymann MP. Covalent Proximity Scanning of a Distal Cysteine to Target PI3Kα. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6326-6342. [PMID: 35353516 PMCID: PMC9011356 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Covalent protein
kinase inhibitors exploit currently noncatalytic
cysteines in the adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP)-binding site
via electrophiles directly appended to a reversible-inhibitor scaffold.
Here, we delineate a path to target solvent-exposed cysteines at a
distance >10 Å from an ATP-site-directed core module and produce
potent covalent phosphoinositide 3-kinase α (PI3Kα) inhibitors.
First, reactive warheads are used to reach out to Cys862 on PI3Kα,
and second, enones are replaced with druglike warheads while linkers
are optimized. The systematic investigation of intrinsic warhead reactivity
(kchem), rate of covalent bond formation
and proximity (kinact and reaction space
volume Vr), and integration of structure
data, kinetic and structural modeling, led to the guided identification
of high-quality, covalent chemical probes. A novel stochastic approach
provided direct access to the calculation of overall reaction rates
as a function of kchem, kinact, Ki, and Vr, which was validated with compounds with varied linker
lengths. X-ray crystallography, protein mass spectrometry (MS), and
NanoBRET assays confirmed covalent bond formation of the acrylamide
warhead and Cys862. In rat liver microsomes, compounds 19 and 22 outperformed the rapidly metabolized CNX-1351,
the only known PI3Kα irreversible inhibitor. Washout experiments
in cancer cell lines with mutated, constitutively activated PI3Kα
showed a long-lasting inhibition of PI3Kα. In SKOV3 cells, compounds 19 and 22 revealed PI3Kβ-dependent signaling,
which was sensitive to TGX221. Compounds 19 and 22 thus qualify as specific chemical probes to explore PI3Kα-selective
signaling branches. The proposed approach is generally suited to develop
covalent tools targeting distal, unexplored Cys residues in biologically
active enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Borsari
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erhan Keles
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacob A McPhail
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Alexander Schaefer
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rohitha Sriramaratnam
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wojciech Goch
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thorsten Schaefer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina De Pascale
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matthias Gstaiger
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - John E Burke
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Matthias P Wymann
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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41
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MUC6 expression is a preferable prognostic marker for invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 157:671-684. [PMID: 35353213 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Gastric gland mucin consists of core protein MUC6 with residues heavily glycosylated by unique O-glycans carrying α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc). αGlcNAc-glycosylated MUC6 protein is seen in normal gastric and duodenal glands. Decreased αGlcNAc glycosylation on MUC6-positive tumor cells is often observed in premalignant lesions of the stomach, pancreas, and bile duct, and decreased MUC6 expression is seen in invasive cancer of these organs. Lung cancer (LC) is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Recently, the adenocarcinoma subtype has become the most common histological subtype of LC, and one of its invasive forms is invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA). Currently, prognostic markers of LC IMA are unknown. Here, we analyzed MUC5AC, MUC6, and αGlcNAc expression in 54 IMA LC cases. MUC5AC was positively expressed in 50 (93%), MUC6 in 38 (70%), and αGlcNAc in 19 (35%). Each expression level was scored from 0 to 3. The αGlcNAc expression score was significantly decreased relative to MUC6 (P < 0.001). Interestingly, disease-free survival was significantly higher in MUC6-positive than MUC6-negative cases based on the log-rank test (P = 0.021). For in vitro analysis, we ectopically expressed MUC6 in A549 cells, derived from LC and harboring a KRAS mutation. MUC6-expressing A549 cells showed significantly lower proliferation, motility, and invasiveness than control cells. Finally, F-actin staining in MUC6-expressing cells revealed a decrease or loss of filopodia associated with decreased levels of FSCN transcripts, which encodes an actin-bundling protein fascin1 necessary for cell migration. We conclude that MUC6 expression is a preferable prognostic biomarker in IMA LC.
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42
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Smith LK, Parmenter T, Kleinschmidt M, Kusnadi EP, Kang J, Martin CA, Lau P, Patel R, Lorent J, Papadopoli D, Trigos A, Ward T, Rao AD, Lelliott EJ, Sheppard KE, Goode D, Hicks RJ, Tiganis T, Simpson KJ, Larsson O, Blythe B, Cullinane C, Wickramasinghe VO, Pearson RB, McArthur GA. Adaptive translational reprogramming of metabolism limits the response to targeted therapy in BRAF V600 melanoma. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1100. [PMID: 35232962 PMCID: PMC8888590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the success of therapies targeting oncogenes in cancer, clinical outcomes are limited by residual disease that ultimately results in relapse. This residual disease is often characterized by non-genetic adaptive resistance, that in melanoma is characterised by altered metabolism. Here, we examine how targeted therapy reprograms metabolism in BRAF-mutant melanoma cells using a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen and global gene expression profiling. Using this systematic approach we demonstrate post-transcriptional regulation of metabolism following BRAF inhibition, involving selective mRNA transport and translation. As proof of concept we demonstrate the RNA processing kinase U2AF homology motif kinase 1 (UHMK1) associates with mRNAs encoding metabolism proteins and selectively controls their transport and translation during adaptation to BRAF-targeted therapy. UHMK1 inactivation induces cell death by disrupting therapy induced metabolic reprogramming, and importantly, delays resistance to BRAF and MEK combination therapy in multiple in vivo models. We propose selective mRNA processing and translation by UHMK1 constitutes a mechanism of non-genetic resistance to targeted therapy in melanoma by controlling metabolic plasticity induced by therapy. Different adaptive mechanisms have been reported to reduce the efficacy of mutant BRAF inhibition in melanoma. Here, the authors show BRAF inhibition induces the translational regulation of metabolic genes leading to acquired therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorey K Smith
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Tiffany Parmenter
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Eric P Kusnadi
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claire A Martin
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Lau
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Riyaben Patel
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie Lorent
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Papadopoli
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anna Trigos
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Teresa Ward
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aparna D Rao
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emily J Lelliott
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen E Sheppard
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Goode
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rodney J Hicks
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kaylene J Simpson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ola Larsson
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Benjamin Blythe
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vihandha O Wickramasinghe
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Branstrom A, Cao L, Furia B, Trotta C, Santaguida M, Graci JD, Colacino JM, Ray B, Li W, Sheedy J, Mollin A, Yeh S, Kong R, Sheridan R, Baird JD, O'Keefe K, Spiegel R, Goodwin E, Keating S, Weetall M. Emvododstat, a Potent Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor, Is Effective in Preclinical Models of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 12:832816. [PMID: 35223511 PMCID: PMC8864546 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.832816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blocking the pyrimidine nucleotide de novo synthesis pathway by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) results in the cell cycle arrest and/or differentiation of rapidly proliferating cells including activated lymphocytes, cancer cells, or virally infected cells. Emvododstat (PTC299) is an orally bioavailable small molecule that inhibits DHODH. We evaluated the potential for emvododstat to inhibit the progression of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using several in vitro and in vivo models of the disease. Broad potent activity was demonstrated against multiple AML cell lines, AML blasts cultured ex vivo from patient blood samples, and AML tumor models including patient-derived xenograft models. Emvododstat induced differentiation, cytotoxicity, or both in primary AML patient blasts cultured ex vivo with 8 of 10 samples showing sensitivity. AML cells with diverse driver mutations were sensitive, suggesting the potential of emvododstat for broad therapeutic application. AML cell lines that are not sensitive to emvododstat are likely to be more reliant on the salvage pathway than on de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Pharmacokinetic experiments in rhesus monkeys demonstrated that emvododstat levels rose rapidly after oral administration, peaking about 2 hours post-dosing. This was associated with an increase in the levels of dihydroorotate (DHO), the substrate for DHODH, within 2 hours of dosing indicating that DHODH inhibition is rapid. DHO levels declined as drug levels declined, consistent with the reversibility of DHODH inhibition by emvododstat. These preclinical findings provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of emvododstat in an ongoing Phase 1 study of patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Branstrom
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Liangxian Cao
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Bansri Furia
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | | | | | - Jason D Graci
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Joseph M Colacino
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Balmiki Ray
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Wencheng Li
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Josephine Sheedy
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Anna Mollin
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Shirley Yeh
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Ronald Kong
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | | | - John D Baird
- Clinical, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Kylie O'Keefe
- Commercial, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Robert Spiegel
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Elizabeth Goodwin
- Scientific Writing, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Suzanne Keating
- Scientific Writing, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
| | - Marla Weetall
- Research, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, United States
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Alwuthaynani M, Eftimie R, Trucu D. Inverse problem approaches for mutation laws in heterogeneous tumours with local and nonlocal dynamics. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2022; 19:3720-3747. [PMID: 35341271 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell mutations occur when cells undergo multiple cell divisions, and these mutations can be spontaneous or environmentally-induced. The mechanisms that promote and sustain these mutations are still not fully understood. This study deals with the identification (or reconstruction) of the usually unknown cancer cell mutation law, which lead to the transformation of a primary tumour cell population into a secondary, more aggressive cell population. We focus on local and nonlocal mathematical models for cell dynamics and movement, and identify these mutation laws from macroscopic tumour snapshot data collected at some later stage in the tumour evolution. In a local cancer invasion model, we first reconstruct the mutation law when we assume that the mutations depend only on the surrounding cancer cells (i.e., the ECM plays no role in mutations). Second, we assume that the mutations depend on the ECM only, and we reconstruct the mutation law in this case. Third, we reconstruct the mutation when we assume that there is no prior knowledge about the mutations. Finally, for the nonlocal cancer invasion model, we reconstruct the mutation law that depends on the cancer cells and on the ECM. For these numerical reconstructions, our approximations are based on the finite difference method combined with the finite elements method. As the inverse problem is ill-posed, we use the Tikhonov regularisation technique in order to regularise the solution. Stability of the solution is examined by adding additive noise into the measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Alwuthaynani
- Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, UK
| | - Raluca Eftimie
- Laboratoire Mathématiques de Besançcon, UMR-CNRS 6623, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, Besançcon 25000, France
| | - Dumitru Trucu
- Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, UK
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Marazioti A, Krontira AC, Behrend SJ, Giotopoulou GA, Ntaliarda G, Blanquart C, Bayram H, Iliopoulou M, Vreka M, Trassl L, Pepe MAA, Hackl CM, Klotz LV, Weiss SAI, Koch I, Lindner M, Hatz RA, Behr J, Wagner DE, Papadaki H, Antimisiaris SG, Jean D, Deshayes S, Grégoire M, Kayalar Ö, Mortazavi D, Dilege Ş, Tanju S, Erus S, Yavuz Ö, Bulutay P, Fırat P, Psallidas I, Spella M, Giopanou I, Lilis I, Lamort A, Stathopoulos GT. KRAS signaling in malignant pleural mesothelioma. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e13631. [PMID: 34898002 PMCID: PMC8819314 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) arises from mesothelial cells lining the pleural cavity of asbestos-exposed individuals and rapidly leads to death. MPM harbors loss-of-function mutations in BAP1, NF2, CDKN2A, and TP53, but isolated deletion of these genes alone in mice does not cause MPM and mouse models of the disease are sparse. Here, we show that a proportion of human MPM harbor point mutations, copy number alterations, and overexpression of KRAS with or without TP53 changes. These are likely pathogenic, since ectopic expression of mutant KRASG12D in the pleural mesothelium of conditional mice causes epithelioid MPM and cooperates with TP53 deletion to drive a more aggressive disease form with biphasic features and pleural effusions. Murine MPM cell lines derived from these tumors carry the initiating KRASG12D lesions, secondary Bap1 alterations, and human MPM-like gene expression profiles. Moreover, they are transplantable and actionable by KRAS inhibition. Our results indicate that KRAS alterations alone or in accomplice with TP53 alterations likely play an important and underestimated role in a proportion of patients with MPM, which warrants further exploration.
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Smith BR, M S NPN, M S TJG, M S KAP, Hill PM, Yu J, Gutiérrez AN, Md BGA, Hyer DE. The dosimetric enhancement of GRID profiles using an external collimator in pencil beam scanning proton therapy. Med Phys 2022; 49:2684-2698. [PMID: 35120278 PMCID: PMC9007854 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The radiobiological benefits afforded by spatially fractionated (GRID) radiation therapy pairs well with the dosimetric advantages of proton therapy. Inspired by the emergence of energy-layer specific collimators in pencil beam scanning (PBS), this work investigates how the spot spacing and collimation can be optimized to maximize the therapeutic gains of a GRID treatment while demonstrating the integration of a dynamic collimation system (DCS) within a commercial beam line to deliver GRID treatments and experimentally benchmark Monte Carlo calculation methods. METHODS GRID profiles were experimentally benchmarked using a clinical DCS prototype that was mounted to the nozzle of the IBA Dedicated Nozzle system. Integral depth dose (IDD) curves and lateral profiles were measured for uncollimated and GRID-collimated beamlets. A library of collimated GRID dose distributions were simulated by placing beamlets within a specified uniform grid and weighting the beamlets to achieve a volume-averaged tumor cell survival equivalent to an open field delivery. The healthy tissue sparing afforded by the GRID distribution was then estimated across a range of spot spacings and collimation widths, which were later optimized based on the radiosensitivity of the tumor cell line and the nominal spot size of the PBS system. This was accomplished by using validated models of the IBA Universal and Dedicated nozzles. RESULTS Excellent agreement was observed between the measured and simulated profiles. The IDDs matched above 98.7% when analyzed using a 1%/1 mm gamma criteria with some minor deviation observed near the Bragg peak for higher beamlet energies. Lateral profile distributions predicted using Monte Carlo methods agreed well with the measured profiles; a gamma passing rate of 95% or higher was observed for all in-depth profiles examined using a 3%/2 mm criteria. Additional collimation was shown to improve PBS GRID treatments by sharpening the lateral penumbra of the beamlets but creates a tradeoff between enhancing the valley-to-peak ratio of the GRID delivery and the dose-volume effect. The optimal collimation width and spot spacing changed as a function of the tumor cell radiosensitivity, dose, and spot size. In general, a spot spacing below 2.0 cm with a collimation less than 1.0 cm provided a superior dose distribution among the specific cases studied. CONCLUSIONS The ability to customize a GRID dose distribution using different collimation sizes and spot spacings is a useful advantage, especially to maximize the overall therapeutic benefit. In this regard, the capabilities of the DCS, and perhaps alternative dynamic collimators, can be used to enhance GRID treatments. Physical dose models calculated using Monte Carlo methods were experimentally benchmarked in water and were found to accurately predict the respective dose distributions of uncollimated and DCS-collimated GRID profiles. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake R Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, 52242 Iowa
| | - Nicholas P Nelson M S
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705
| | | | | | - Patrick M Hill
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792
| | - Jen Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, 8900 N. Kendall Drive, Miami, FL, 33176
| | - Alonso N Gutiérrez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, 8900 N. Kendall Drive, Miami, FL, 33176
| | - Bryan G Allen Md
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, 52242 Iowa
| | - Daniel E Hyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, 52242 Iowa
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The Natural Chemotherapeutic Capsaicin Activates AMPK through LKB1 Kinase and TRPV1 Receptors in Prostate Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020329. [PMID: 35214061 PMCID: PMC8880011 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural bioactive compound capsaicin has been reported to have anticancer activity, although the underlying mechanism of action has not been completely clarified. Herein, we investigated the mechanism whereby capsaicin exerts antitumor effects on prostate cancer cells. We found that capsaicin activated AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and promoted cell death in the LKB1-expressing prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC3, but not in the liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-null cell line DU-145. Capsaicin treatment stimulated LKB1 phosphorylation and activated AMPK in LKB1-expressing cells. In addition, LKB1 silencing in LNCaP and PC3 cells abrogated capsaicin-induced AMPK activation, while the overexpression of LKB1 by lentiviral infection in DU-145 cells induced capsaicin-triggered AMPK phosphorylation. Moreover, the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) inhibitor STO-609 did not modify the activation of AMPK induced by capsaicin, suggesting a CaMKK2-independent mechanism. Capsaicin-induced LKB1 phosphorylation was dependent on the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), since TRPV1 knocked down by shRNA abolished LKB1 and AMPK phosphorylation in LKB1-expressing cells. Altogether, our results showed that capsaicin affected AMPK activity in an LKB1- and TRPV1-dependent fashion, linking TRPV1 with cell fate. These data also suggest that capsaicin may be a rational chemotherapeutic option for prostate tumors.
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Weissenrieder JS, Weissenkampen JD, Reed JL, Green MV, Zheng C, Neighbors JD, Liu DJ, Hohl RJ. RNAseq reveals extensive metabolic disruptions in the sensitive SF-295 cell line treated with schweinfurthins. Sci Rep 2022; 12:359. [PMID: 35013404 PMCID: PMC8748991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The schweinfurthin family of natural compounds exhibit a unique and potent differential cytotoxicity against a number of cancer cell lines and may reduce tumor growth in vivo. In some cell lines, such as SF-295 glioma cells, schweinfurthins elicit cytotoxicity at nanomolar concentrations. However, other cell lines, like A549 lung cancer cells, are resistant to schweinfurthin treatment up to micromolar concentrations. At this time, the precise mechanism of action and target for these compounds is unknown. Here, we employ RNA sequencing of cells treated with 50 nM schweinfurthin analog TTI-3066 for 6 and 24 h to elucidate potential mechanisms and pathways which may contribute to schweinfurthin sensitivity and resistance. The data was analyzed via an interaction model to observe differential behaviors between sensitive SF-295 and resistant A549 cell lines. We show that metabolic and stress-response pathways were differentially regulated in the sensitive SF-295 cell line as compared with the resistant A549 cell line. In contrast, A549 cell had significant alterations in response genes involved in translation and protein metabolism. Overall, there was a significant interaction effect for translational proteins, RNA metabolism, protein metabolism, and metabolic genes. Members of the Hedgehog pathway were differentially regulated in the resistant A549 cell line at both early and late time points, suggesting a potential mechanism of resistance. Indeed, when cotreated with the Smoothened inhibitor cyclopamine, A549 cells became more sensitive to schweinfurthin treatment. This study therefore identifies a key interplay with the Hedgehog pathway that modulates sensitivity to the schweinfurthin class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Weissenrieder
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Mail Code CH72, Hershey, PA 17033-0850 USA
| | - J. D. Weissenkampen
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - J. L. Reed
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Mail Code CH72, Hershey, PA 17033-0850 USA
| | - M. V. Green
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Mail Code CH72, Hershey, PA 17033-0850 USA
| | - C. Zheng
- grid.214572.70000 0004 1936 8294Department of Pharmacology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - J. D. Neighbors
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Mail Code CH72, Hershey, PA 17033-0850 USA
| | - D. J. Liu
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Raymond J. Hohl
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA ,grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Mail Code CH72, Hershey, PA 17033-0850 USA
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Chakraborty S, Utter MB, Frias MA, Foster DA. Cancer cells with defective RB and CDKN2A are resistant to the apoptotic effects of rapamycin. Cancer Lett 2021; 522:164-170. [PMID: 34563639 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) with rapamycin in the absence of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling induces apoptosis in many cancer cell lines. In the presence of TGFβ, rapamycin induces G1 cell cycle arrest; however, in the absence of TGFβ, cells do not arrest in G1 and progress into S-phase where rapamycin is cytotoxic rather than cytostatic. However, we observed that DU145 prostate and NCI-H2228 lung cancer cells were resistant to the cytotoxic effect of rapamycin. Of interest, the rapamycin-resistant DU145 and NCI-H2228 cells have mutations in the RB and CDKN2A tumor suppressor genes. The gene products of RB and CDKN2A (pRb and p14ARF) suppress E2F family transcription factors that promote cell cycle progression from G1 into S. Restoration of wild type RB or inhibition of E2F activity in DU145 and NCI-H2228 cells led to rapamycin sensitivity. These data provide evidence that the combination of mutant RB and mutant CDKN2A in cancer cells leads to rapamycin resistance, which has implications for precision medicine approaches to anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohag Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA; Biochemistry Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, USA
| | - Matthew B Utter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA; Biochemistry Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, USA
| | - Maria A Frias
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - David A Foster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA; Biochemistry Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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miRNA-148a Enhances the Treatment Response of Patients with Rectal Cancer to Chemoradiation and Promotes Apoptosis by Directly Targeting c-Met. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101371. [PMID: 34680492 PMCID: PMC8533359 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) have an excellent prognosis, but only approximately 30% of patients achieve pCR. Therefore, identifying predictors of pCR is imperative. We employed a microRNA (miRNA) microarray to compare the miRNA profiles of patients with LARC who achieved pCR (pCR group, n = 5) with those who did not (non-pCR group, n = 5). The validation set confirmed that miRNA-148a was overexpressed in the pCR group (n = 11) compared with the non-pCR group (n = 40). Cell proliferation and clonogenic assays revealed that miRNA-148a overexpression radio-sensitized cancer cells and inhibited cellular proliferation, before and after irradiation (p < 0.01). Apoptosis assays demonstrated that miRNA-148a enhanced apoptosis before and after irradiation. Reporter assays revealed that c-Met was the direct target gene of miRNA-148a. An in vivo study indicated that miRNA-148a enhanced the irradiation-induced suppression of xenograft tumor growth (p < 0.01). miRNA-148a may be a biomarker of pCR following NACRT and can promote apoptosis and inhibit proliferation in CRC cells by directly targeting c-Met in vitro and enhancing tumor response to irradiation in vivo.
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