1
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Ni M, Qiu J, Liu G, Sun X, Zhu W, Wu P, Chen Z, Qiu J, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Li C, Gao Y, Zhou J, Zhu Q. Loss of macrophage TSC1 exacerbates sterile inflammatory liver injury through inhibiting the AKT/MST1/NRF2 signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:146. [PMID: 38360839 PMCID: PMC10869801 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06538-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) plays important roles in regulating innate immunity. However, the precise role of TSC1 in macrophages in the regulation of oxidative stress response and hepatic inflammation in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) remains unknown. In a mouse model of liver I/R injury, deletion of myeloid-specific TSC1 inhibited AKT and MST1 phosphorylation, and decreased NRF2 accumulation, whereas activated TLR4/NF-κB pathway, leading to increased hepatic inflammation. Adoptive transfer of AKT- or MST1-overexpressing macrophages, or Keap1 disruption in myeloid-specific TSC1-knockout mice promoted NRF2 activation but reduced TLR4 activity and mitigated I/R-induced liver inflammation. Mechanistically, TSC1 in macrophages promoted AKT and MST1 phosphorylation, and protected NRF2 from Keap1-mediated ubiquitination. Furthermore, overexpression AKT or MST1 in TSC1-knockout macrophages upregulated NRF2 expression, downregulated TLR4/NF-κB, resulting in reduced inflammatory factors, ROS and inflammatory cytokine-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. Strikingly, TSC1 induction in NRF2-deficient macrophages failed to reverse the TLR4/NF-κB activity and production of pro-inflammatory factors. Conclusions: Macrophage TSC1 promoted the activation of the AKT/MST1 signaling pathway, increased NRF2 levels via reducing Keap1-mediated ubiquitination, and modulated oxidative stress-driven inflammatory responses in liver I/R injury. Our findings underscore the critical role of macrophage TSC1 as a novel regulator of innate immunity and imply the therapeutic potential for the treatment of sterile liver inflammation in transplant recipients. Schematic illustration of macrophage TSC1-mediated AKT/MST1/NRF2 signaling pathway in I/R-triggered liver inflammation. Macrophage TSC1 can be activated in I/R-stressed livers. TSC1 activation promotes phosphorylation of AKT and MST1, which in turn increases NRF2 expression and inhibits ROS production and TLR4/NF-κB activation, resulting in reduced hepatocellular apoptosis in I/R-triggered liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ni
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohu Sun
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Zhu
- Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyun Gang, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajing Qiu
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziming Wu
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changyong Li
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science & Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
- The Institute of Hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Zhou Q, Liu Y, Feng R, Zhang W. NUCB2: roles in physiology and pathology. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:603-617. [PMID: 35678998 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nucleobindin2 (NUCB2) is a member of nucleobindin family which was first found in the nucleus of the hypothalamus, and had a relationship in diet and energy homeostasis. Its location in normal tissues such as stomach and islet further confirms that it plays a vital role in the regulation of physiological functions of the body. Besides, NUCB2 participates in tumorigenesis through activating various signal-pathways, more and more studies indicate that NUCB2 might impact tumor progression by promoting or inhibiting proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, and invasion of tumor cells. In this review, we comprehensively stated NUCB2's expression and functions, and introduced the role of NUCB2 in physiology and pathology and its mechanism. What is more, pointed out the potential direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Skorupska A, Lenda R, Ożyhar A, Bystranowska D. The Multifaceted Nature of Nucleobindin-2 in Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5687. [PMID: 34073612 PMCID: PMC8198689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucb2 is a multifunctional protein associated with a variety of biological processes. Multiple studies have revealed that Nucb2, and its derivative nesfatin-1, are involved in carcinogenesis. Interestingly, the role of Nucb2/nesfatin-1 in tumorigenesis seems to be dual-both pro-metastatic and anti-metastatic. The implication of Nucb2/nesfatin-1 in carcinogenesis seems to be tissue dependent. Herein, we review the role of Nucb2/nesfatin-1 in both carcinogenesis and the apoptosis process, and we also highlight the multifaceted nature of Nucb2/nesfatin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dominika Bystranowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (R.L.); (A.O.)
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4
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Özdemir-Kumral ZN, Koyuncuoğlu T, Arabacı-Tamer S, Çilingir-Kaya ÖT, Köroğlu AK, Yüksel M, Yeğen BÇ. High-fat Diet Enhances Gastric Contractility, but Abolishes Nesfatin-1-induced Inhibition of Gastric Emptying. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 27:265-278. [PMID: 33795544 PMCID: PMC8026381 DOI: 10.5056/jnm20206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Gastrointestinal motility changes contribute to development and maintenance of obesity. Nesfatin-1 (NES-1) is involved in central appetite control. The aim is to elucidate effects of NES-1 and high-fat diet (HFD) on gastrointestinal motility and to explore myenteric neuron expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in HFDinduced oxidative injury. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with normal diet (ND) or HFD. Gastric emptying rate was measured following NES-1 (5 pmol/rat, intracerebroventricular) preceded by subcutaneous injections of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin 1 (CCK-1), and gastrin/CCK-2 receptor antagonists. In carbachol-contracted gastric and ileal strips, contractile changes were recorded by adding NES- 1 (0.3 nmol/L), GLP-1, CCK-1, and gastrin/CCK-2 antagonists. RESULTS Neither HFD nor NES-1 changed methylcellulose emptying, but NES-1 delayed saline emptying in cannulated ND-rats. Inhibitory effect of NES-1 on gastric emptying in ND-rats was reversed by all antagonists, and abolished in HFD-rats. In HFD-rats, carbachol-induced contractility was enhanced in gastric, but inhibited in ileal strips. HFD increased body weight, while serum triglycerides, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, and levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, myeloperoxidase activity, and luminolchemiluminescence in hepatic, ileal, and adipose tissues were similar in ND- and HFD-rats, but only lucigenin-chemiluminescence was increased in HFD-rats. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and TH immunoreactivities were depressed and nNOS immunoreactivity was increased in gastric tissues of HFD-rats, while VIP and TH were enhanced, but nNOS was reduced in their intestines. CONCLUSIONS HFD caused mild systemic inflammation, disrupted enteric innervation, enhanced gastric contractility, inhibited ileal contractility, and eliminated inhibitory effect of NES-1 on gastric motility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Türkan Koyuncuoğlu
- Departments of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevil Arabacı-Tamer
- Departments of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem T Çilingir-Kaya
- Departments of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayça K Köroğlu
- Departments of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine; Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Yüksel
- Marmara University Vocational School of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Ç Yeğen
- Departments of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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5
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Xu K, Zhang Z, Chen M, Moqbel SAA, He Y, Ma C, Jiang L, Xiong Y, Wu L. Nesfatin-1 Promotes the Osteogenic Differentiation of Tendon-Derived Stem Cells and the Pathogenesis of Heterotopic Ossification in Rat Tendons via the mTOR Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:547342. [PMID: 33344440 PMCID: PMC7744791 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.547342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a pathological condition involved in tendinopathy. Adipokines are known to play a key role in HO of tendinopathy. Nesfatin-1, an 82-amino acid adipokine is closely reportedly associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), which, in turn, is closely related to tendinopathy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of nesfatin-1 on the osteogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) and the pathogenesis of tendinopathy in rats. In vitro, TDSCs were incubated in osteogenic induction medium for 14 days with different nesfatin-1 concentration. In vivo, Sprague Dawley rats underwent Achilles tenotomy to evaluate the effect of nesfatin-1 on tendinopathy. Our results showed that the expression of nesfatin-1 expression in tendinopathy patients was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects. Nesfatin-1 affected the cytoskeleton and reduced the migration ability of TDSCs in vitro. Furthermore, nesfatin-1 inhibited the expression of Scx, Mkx, and Tnmd and promoted the expression of osteogenic genes, such as COL1a1, ALP, and RUNX2; these results suggested that nesfatin-1 inhibits cell migration, adversely impacts tendon phenotype, promotes osteogenic differentiation of TDSCs and the pathogenesis of HO in rat tendons. Moreover, we observed that nesfatin-1 suppressed autophagy and activated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway both in vitro and in vivo. The suppression of the mTOR pathway alleviated nesfatin-1-induced HO development in rat tendons. Thus, nesfatin-1 promotes the osteogenic differentiation of TDSC and the pathogenesis of HO in rat tendons via the mTOR pathway; these findings highlight a new potential therapeutic target for tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhanfeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Safwat Adel Abdo Moqbel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhe He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lidong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Pena-Leon V, Perez-Lois R, Seoane LM. mTOR Pathway is Involved in Energy Homeostasis Regulation as a Part of the Gut-Brain Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165715. [PMID: 32784967 PMCID: PMC7460813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian, or mechanic, target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is a crucial factor in the regulation of the energy balance that functions as an energy sensor in the body. The present review explores how the mTOR/S6k intracellular pathway is involved in modulating the production of different signals such as ghrelin and nesfatin-1 in the gastrointestinal tract to regulate food intake and body weight. The role of gastric mTOR signaling in different physiological processes was studied in depth through different genetic models that allow the modulation of mTOR signaling in the stomach and specifically in gastric X/A type cells. It has been described that mTOR signaling in X/A-like gastric cells has a relevant role in the regulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis due to its interaction with different organs such as liver and adipose tissue. These findings highlight possible therapeutic strategies, with the gut–brain axis being one of the most promising targets in the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Pena-Leon
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (V.P.-L.); (R.P.-L.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Raquel Perez-Lois
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (V.P.-L.); (R.P.-L.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luisa Maria Seoane
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (V.P.-L.); (R.P.-L.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence:
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7
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Liu Y, Chen X, Qu Y, Song L, Lin Q, Li M, Su K, Li Y, Dong J. Central nesfatin-1 activates lipid mobilization in adipose tissue and fatty acid oxidation in muscle via the sympathetic nervous system. Biofactors 2020; 46:454-464. [PMID: 31898375 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the influence of central nesfatin-1 on lipid metabolism under diabetic conditions. The main objective of this study was to characterize the mechanisms by which central nesfatin-1 regulates lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and whether the sympathetic nervous system is involved. Male Kunming mice were fed high-fat diets (HFDs) and were treated twice with low-dose STZ (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [IP]) to generate the T2DM model. Pharmacological adrenergic blockage (phentolamine 10 mg/kg, propranolol 0.017 mmol) and surgical denervation of sympathetic nervous system of the hindlimb and inguinal fat were used to block nerve conduction to determine whether the effect of central nesfatin-1 required the hypothalamic-sympathetic nervous system axis. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and insulin levels were measured. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels in skeletal muscle and hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose triglycerides lipase (HSL/ATGL) levels in white adipose tissue (WAT) were measured using western blot. mRNA expression of AMPK was measured. We found that there were significantly fewer NUCB2/nesfatin-1 immunoreactive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) in T2DM mice. Central nesfatin-1 administration decreased levels of plasma FFA significantly and activated AMPK to enhance fatty-acid oxidation in skeletal muscle in T2DM mice. In addition, HSL and ATGL were significantly activated during triglyceride mobilization in WAT triggered by central nesfatin-1 administration. Adrenergic blockade and morphological denervation of the sciatic and femoral nerves reduced these changes. Taken together, these data suggest that central nesfatin-1 regulates peripheral lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes via the sympathetic nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Special Medicine Department, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Physiology Department, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Physiology Department, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Limin Song
- Special Medicine Department, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Special Medicine Department, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Manwen Li
- Special Medicine Department, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kaizhen Su
- Clinical medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanrun Li
- Clinical medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Special Medicine Department, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Physiology Department, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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8
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Tao R, Niu WB, Dou PH, Ni SB, Yu YP, Cai LC, Wang XY, Li SY, Zhang C, Luo ZG. Nucleobindin-2 enhances the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3653-3664. [PMID: 32391090 PMCID: PMC7204623 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB-2) is a multifunctional protein that contains several functional domains and is associated with a wide variety of biological processes, such as food intake and energy homeostasis. NUCB-2 has been demonstrated to be associated with worse malignant outcomes and cell migration in breast and prostate cancer. However, to the best of our knowledge, its clinical and biological significance in renal cell carcinoma remains unknown. In the present study, tissue specimens from 68 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 10 normal controls were collected for NUCB-2 mRNA and protein assays. The NUCB-2 level in the patients with renal cell cancer was significantly increased compared with the normal control patients. NUCB-2-knockout in the renal cancer cell line SK-RC-52 inhibited migration and invasion. In addition, the expression levels of molecules associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), including E-cadherin, β-catenin, Slug and Twist, were affected by NUCB-2 suppression and the zinc finger E-box binding to homeobox 1 (ZEB1)-dependent pathway. The AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)/target of rapamycin complex (mTORC) 1 signaling pathway participates in the regulation of NUCB-2-mediated metastasis and EMT. Suppression of NUCB-2 also inhibited tumor nodule formation in a murine renal cell carcinoma tumor model. In summary, NUCB-2 increased migration, invasion and EMT in renal cell carcinoma cells through the AMPK/TORC1/ZEB1 pathway in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Niu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Samii Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Hui Dou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154001, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Bin Ni
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Peng Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Li-Cheng Cai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Yi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Guo Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154001, P.R. China
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9
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Wang XQ, Zheng Y, Fang PF, Song XB. Nesfatin-1 is a potential diagnostic biomarker for gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:1577-1583. [PMID: 31966083 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of reliable plasma biomarkers limits their use in the diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC). The current study aimed to determine whether plasma nesfatin-1 can be used as a novel non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of GC. The levels of nesfatin-1 in 40 patients with GC and 40 healthy individuals, who were selected from the Chaohu Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, were assessed. ELISA was used for the measurement of plasma nesfatin-1 levels, while immunohistochemistry was applied to determine Ki67 protein expression in GC and normal gastric tissues. The diagnostic value of plasma nesfatin-1 for GC was further assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The results revealed that, compared with the controls, the mean nesfatin-1 levels in patients with GC were significantly increased. Furthermore, the protein expression of Ki67 in GC tissue was significantly upregulated compared with that in normal gastric tissue. Plasma nesfatin-1 levels were also demonstrated to be correlated with Ki67 protein expression in GC tissues. Additionally, ROC curve analysis indicated the potential diagnostic value of nesfatin-1, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for nesfatin-1 was 0.857 (95% confidence interval, 0.769-0.946). At a threshold nesfatin-1 level of 1.075 ng/ml, the optimal sensitivity and specificity were 70.0 and 95.0%, respectively, in discriminating patients with GC from healthy controls. These results indicated that plasma nesfatin-1 may serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of GC and determination of GC cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Chaohu Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Fei Fang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Bing Song
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
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10
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Schalla MA, Stengel A. Current Understanding of the Role of Nesfatin-1. J Endocr Soc 2018; 2:1188-1206. [PMID: 30302423 PMCID: PMC6169466 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nesfatin-1 was discovered in 2006 and implicated in the regulation of food intake. Subsequently, its widespread central and peripheral distribution gave rise to additional effects. Indeed, a multitude of actions were described, including modulation of gastrointestinal functions, glucose and lipid metabolism, thermogenesis, mediation of anxiety and depression, as well as cardiovascular and reproductive functions. Recent years have witnessed a great increase in our knowledge of these effects and their underlying mechanisms, which will be discussed in the present review. Lastly, gaps in knowledge will be highlighted to foster further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha A Schalla
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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11
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Improvement of Adipose Macrophage Polarization in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese GHSR Knockout Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4924325. [PMID: 30112394 PMCID: PMC6077514 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4924325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Adipose tissue inflammation is the key linking obesity to insulin resistance. Over 50% of the interstitial cells in adipose tissue are macrophages, which produce inflammatory cytokines and therefore play an important role in the progression of insulin resistance. Within this classification view, macrophage biology is driven by two polarization phenotypes, M1 (proinflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory). The unique functional receptor of ghrelin, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), is a classic seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor that is linked to multiple intracellular signaling pathways. Knockout of GHSR improves the obesity and glucose metabolic disorders, suggesting a crucial role of ghrelin activity in insulin resistance. Here, we discussed whether macrophage polarization phenotypes in adipose tissue were changed in GHSR knockout (GHSR-/-) mice. Methods GHSR-/- mice were fed with normal chow diet (NCD) or high fat diet (HFD). Markers of different macrophage polarization phenotypes were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Results The size of adipocytes decreased and interstitial cells, especially infiltrated macrophages, reduced in epididymal adipose tissue of GHSR-/- mice fed with HFD. Compared with wild type mice, the mRNA levels of inflammatory adipokines such as resistin, IL-6, and PAI-1 were significantly lower in epididymal adipose tissue of GHSR-/- mice, whereas anti-inflammatory adipokine, adiponectin, was significantly higher. M1 markers, MCP-1, TNF-α, and iNOS, were significantly lower in epididymal adipose tissue of GHSR-/- mice, whereas M2 markers, Arg-1, Mgl-1, were Mrc1, were significantly higher. Conclusion The GHSR-/- mice fed with HFD showed suppressed adipose inflammation, reduced macrophage infiltration, and enhanced M2 polarization of macrophages in adipose tissue, which improved insulin sensitivity.
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12
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He R, Yin Y, Li Y, Li Z, Zhao J, Zhang W. Esophagus-duodenum Gastric Bypass Surgery Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Mice. EBioMedicine 2018; 28:241-250. [PMID: 29398599 PMCID: PMC5898028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite of its significant therapeutic effects on obesity and metabolic diseases, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has limited clinical application because of considerable impacts on the gastrointestinal structure and postoperative complications. This study aims to develop a simplified surgical approach with less damage and complication but efficient metabolic benefit. Methods The effects of Esophagus-Duodenum gastric bypass (EDGB) on body weight, food intake, glucose and lipid metabolism were compared to RYGB in mice. Findings EDGB is simple, has higher survival rate and less complication. Relative to RYGB, EDGB demonstrated modest body weight control, identical improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism in obese mice. Blood glucose increased significantly 15 and 30 min after oral glucose administration, then markedly decreased in both EDGB and RYGB groups relative to the sham surgery, indicating a quicker absorption of oral glucose and improvement in glucose uptake by insulin targeted tissues. Insulin sensitivity was identically improved. EDGB significantly decreased plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels, while increased browning in visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue to the extent identical to RYGB. Levels of ghrelin and nesfatin-1 increased significantly after EDGB and RYGB. Interpretation EDGB is a valuable model to study the metabolic benefit of bariatric surgery in mice. Esophagus-Duodenum gastric bypass surgery is easier and safer to perform in mice. Esophagus-Duodenum gastric bypass can produce a metabolic benefit as efficient as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. EDGB may serve as an alternative model to study the weight-loss-independent mechanisms for glycemic control.
A valuable bariatric surgery designated as esophagus-duodenum gastric bypass surgery is easier and safer to perform. Post-operative complications are rare and survival rate is higher. The benefits to reduce bodyweight and improve blood glucose are identical to the commonly used bariatric surgery named Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. In addition, esophagus-duodenum gastric bypass surgery improves lipid profile in the extent identical to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Our study indicates that esophagus-duodenum gastric bypass surgery may provide an alternative approach for the intervention of obesity, and its associated metabolic dysfunctions such as diabetes and fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street No.1160, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziru Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0346, USA.
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13
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Fan XT, Tian Z, Li SZ, Zhai T, Liu JL, Wang R, Zhang CS, Wang LX, Yuan JH, Zhou Y, Dong J. Ghrelin Receptor Is Required for the Effect of Nesfatin-1 on Glucose Metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:633. [PMID: 30405536 PMCID: PMC6207996 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of nesfatin-1 in glucose metabolism have become a topic of interest recently, however, the specific receptor for nesfatin-1 has not yet been identified. Some studies hinted at a connection between nesfatin-1 and the ghrelin receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Therefore, we aimed to study the role of GHSR in the glycemic effects of nesfatin-1 as well as its downstream pathways. We employed C57/BL6 mice (wild type and GHSR knockout mice) eating a normal chow diet and a high fat diet in this study, and the experimental technique included western blot, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and ELISA. We found that in mice fed a normal chow diet (NCD), nesfatin-1 improved glucose tolerance, up-regulated AKT kinase (AKT) mRNA levels and phosphorylation and GLUT4 membrane translocation in skeletal muscle. These effects were blocked by co-injection of GHSR antagonist [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 and were attenuated in GHSR knockout mice. In mice fed high-fat diet (HFD), nesfatin-1 not only exerted the effects observed in NCD mice, but also suppressed appetite and raised AKT levels in liver tissues that also required GHSR. Peripheral nesfatin-1 suppressed c-fos expression of GHSR immunoreactive neurons induced by fasting in hypothalamic nuclei, indicating that nesfatin-1 inhibited the activation of central GHSR. We concluded that the effects of nesfatin-1 on food intake and glucose metabolism were GHSR-dependent, and that the glycemic effect was associated with AKT and GLUT4. This study should stimulate further exploration of the nesfatin-1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Tong Fan
- Clinical Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhao Tian
- Clinical Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi-Zhen Li
- Preventive Medicine Department, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Zhai
- Preventive Medicine Department, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun-Li Liu
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rui Wang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cai-Shun Zhang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liu-Xin Wang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun-Hua Yuan
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Physiology Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Physiology Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Dong
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14
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Legg-St Pierre CB, Mackova M, Miskiewicz EI, Hemmings DG, Unniappan S, MacPhee DJ. Insulinotropic nucleobindin-2/nesfatin-1 is dynamically expressed in the haemochorial mouse and human placenta. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:519-532. [DOI: 10.1071/rd16486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is the physiological bridge between mother and fetus and has life-sustaining functions during pregnancy, including metabolic regulation, fetal protection and hormone secretion. Nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) is a calcium- and DNA-binding protein and precursor of nesfatin-1, a signalling peptide with multiple functions, including regulation of energy homeostasis and glucose transport. These are also key functions of the placenta, yet NUCB2/nesfatin-1 expression has never been comprehensively studied in this organ. In the present study, mouse placental samples from Embryonic Day (E) 7.5 to E17.5 and human chorionic villi from the first and second trimester, as well as term pregnancy, were analysed for NUCB2/nesfatin-1 expression by immunohistochemistry with an antiserum that recognised both NUCB2 and nesfatin-1. From E7.5 to E9.5, NUCB2/nesfatin-1 was expressed in the ectoplacental cone, then parietal trophoblast giant cells and early spongiotrophoblast. At E10.5–12.5, NUCB2/nesfatin-1 expression became detectable in the developing labyrinth. From E12.5 and onwards, NUCB2/nesfatin-1 was expressed in the glycogen trophoblast cells, as well as highly expressed in syncytiotrophoblast, sinusoidal trophoblast giant cells and fetal capillary endothelial cells of the labyrinth. In all trimesters of human pregnancy, NUCB2/nesfatin-1 was highly expressed in syncytiotrophoblast. In addition, there was a significant increase in NUCB2 expression in human primary trophoblast cells induced to syncytialise. Thus, the haemochorial mammalian placenta is a novel source of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 and likely a site of its action, with potential roles in glucose homeostasis and/or nutrient sensing.
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15
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Blanco AM, Velasco C, Bertucci JI, Soengas JL, Unniappan S. Nesfatin-1 Regulates Feeding, Glucosensing and Lipid Metabolism in Rainbow Trout. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:484. [PMID: 30210451 PMCID: PMC6121026 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nesfatin-1 is an 82 amino acid peptide that has been involved in a wide variety of physiological functions in both mammals and fish. This study aimed to elucidate the role of nesfatin-1 on rainbow trout food intake, and its putative effects on glucose and fatty acid sensing systems. Intracerebroventricular administration of 25 ng/g nesfatin-1 resulted in a significant inhibition of appetite, likely mediated by the activation of central POMC and CART. Nesfatin-1 stimulated the glucosensing machinery (changes in sglt1, g6pase, gsase, and gnat3 mRNA expression) in the hindbrain and hypothalamus. Central fatty acid sensing mechanisms were unaltered by nesfatin-1, but this peptide altered the expression of mRNAs encoding factors regulating lipid metabolism (fat/cd36, acly, mcd, fas, lpl, pparα, and pparγ), suggesting that nesfatin-1 promotes lipid accumulation in neurons. In the liver, intracerebroventricular nesfatin-1 treatment resulted in decreased capacity for glucose use and lipogenesis, and increased the potential of fatty acid oxidation. Altogether, the present results demonstrate that nesfatin-1 is involved in the homeostatic regulation of food intake and metabolism in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelén M. Blanco
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Cristina Velasco
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan I. Bertucci
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - José L. Soengas
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Suraj Unniappan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Suraj Unniappan
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16
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Kan JY, Yen MC, Wang JY, Wu DC, Chiu YJ, Ho YW, Kuo PL. Nesfatin-1/Nucleobindin-2 enhances cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via LKB1/AMPK/TORC1/ZEB1 pathways in colon cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31336-49. [PMID: 27150059 PMCID: PMC5058760 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that a high level of nesfatin-1/Nucleobindin-2 (NUCB-2) is associated with poor outcome and promotes cell migration in breast cancer and prostate cancer. However, the role of NUCB2 is not well known in colon cancer. In this study, NUCB-2 level in colon cancer tissue was higher than that in non-tumor tissue. Suppression of NUCB-2 in a colon cancer cell line SW620 inhibited migration and invasion. The microarray analysis showed that low expression level of transcription factor ZEB1 in NUCB-2 knockdowned SW620 cells. In addition, expression level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related molecules including N-cadherin, E-cadherin, β-catenin, Slug and Twist was affected by NUCB-2 suppression and ZEB1-denepdent pathway. The signaling pathway liver kinase B1(LKB1)/AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)/target of rapamycin complex (TORC) 1 was involved in regulation of NUCB-2-mediated metastasis and EMT properties. Suppression of NUCB-2 inhibited tumor nodules formation in a murine colon tumor model as well. In summary, nesfatin-1/NUCB-2 enhanced migration, invasion and EMT in colon cancer cells through LKB1/AMPK/TORC1/ZEB1 pathways in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yu Kan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chi Yen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jung Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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17
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Folgueira C, Barja-Fernandez S, Prado L, Al-Massadi O, Castelao C, Pena-Leon V, Gonzalez-Saenz P, Baltar J, Baamonde I, Leis R, Dieguez C, Pagotto U, Casanueva FF, Tovar SA, Nogueiras R, Seoane LM. Pharmacological inhibition of cannabinoid receptor 1 stimulates gastric release of nesfatin-1 via the mTOR pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:6403-6411. [PMID: 29085189 PMCID: PMC5643265 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i35.6403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine whether Nucb2/nesfatin1 production is regulated by the cannabinoid system through the intracellular mTOR pathway in the stomach.
METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were treated with vehicle, rimonabant, rapamycin or rapamycin+rimonabant. Gastric tissue obtained from the animals was used for biochemical assays: Nucb2 mRNA measurement by real time PCR, gastric Nucb2/nesfatin protein content by western blot, and gastric explants to obtain gastric secretomes. Nucb2/nesfatin levels were measured in gastric secretomes and plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS The inhibition of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) by the peripheral injection of an inverse agonist, namely rimonabant, decreases food intake and increases the gastric secretion and circulating levels of Nucb2/nesfatin-1. In addition, rimonabant treatment activates mTOR pathway in the stomach as showed by the increase in pmTOR/mTOR expression in gastric tissue obtained from rimonabant treated animals. These effects were confirmed by the use of a CB1 antagonist, AM281. When the intracellular pathway mTOR/S6k was inactivated by chronic treatment with rapamycin, rimonabant treatment was no longer able to stimulate the gastric secretion of Nucb2/nesfatin-1.
CONCLUSION The peripheral cannabinoid system regulates food intake through a mechanism that implies gastric production and release of Nucb2/Nesfatin-1, which is mediated by the mTOR/S6k pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Folgueira
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Barja-Fernandez
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
- Department of Pediatric, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Prado
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Omar Al-Massadi
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cecilia Castelao
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
| | - Veronica Pena-Leon
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Patricia Gonzalez-Saenz
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
| | - Javier Baltar
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ivan Baamonde
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
- Department of Pediatric, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Endocrinology Unit and Center for Applied Biomedical Research, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sulay A Tovar
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luisa M Seoane
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 15782 Santiago de compostela, Spain
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18
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Zeng L, Zhong J, He G, Li F, Li J, Zhou W, Liu W, Zhang Y, Huang S, Liu Z, Deng X. Identification of Nucleobindin-2 as a Potential Biomarker for Breast Cancer Metastasis Using iTRAQ-based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis. J Cancer 2017; 8:3062-3069. [PMID: 28928897 PMCID: PMC5604457 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a lethal step in the progression of breast cancer. None of the metastasis-associated biomarkers identified up to now has a definite prognostic value in breast cancer patients. This study was designed to identify biomarkers for breast cancer metastasis and predictors of the prognosis of breast cancer patients. The differentially expressed proteins between 23 paired primary breast tumor and metastatic lymph nodes were identified by quantitative iTRAQ proteomic analysis. Immunohistochemistry was applied to locate and assess the expression of NUCB2 in paired primary breast tumor and metastatic lymph node tissues (n = 106). The relationship between NUCB2 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients (n = 189) were analyzed by χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox hazard regression analysis were utilized to investigate the relationship between its expression and prognosis of breast cancer patients. The iTRAQ proteomic results showed that 4,837 confidential proteins were identified, 643 of which were differentially expressed in the primary breast cancer tissues and the paired metastatic lymph nodes. NUCB2 protein was found decreased in paired metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.000), with the positive expression rate being 82% in primary breast cancer tissues and 47% in paired metastatic lymph nodes, respectively. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, the overall survival time of patients with positive expression of NUCB2 protein were shorter than those with negative NUCB2 expression (P = 0.004). Cox regression model suggested that NUCB2 was a risk factor of breast cancer patients (P = 0.045, RR = 1.854). We conclude that NUCB2 can be used as a potential biomarker for breast cancer metastasis and a prognostic predictor of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China.,Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jingmin Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Guangchun He
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Fangjun Li
- Department of Social Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital & The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Breast Internal Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cancer of the Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 4100078, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Sanqian Huang
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiyun Deng
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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Hong X, Zhang H, Liang H, Li D, Huang J, Li Z, Jiang S, Zhang W, Xu G. Exendin-4 decreases ghrelin levels through mTOR signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 437:201-212. [PMID: 27569528 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exendin-4 (EX-4), a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, regulates feeding behavior through its ability to inhibit gastric emptying. Ghrelin, a gastric hormone, provides a hunger signal to the central nervous system to stimulate appetite. Here, we report that EX-4 suppresses ghrelin production through the mTORC1-dependent mechanism. Central administration of EX-4 reduces gastric, hypothalamic and plasma ghrelin in both C57BL/6J mice and diet induced obese mice. These changes were associated with a significant increase in mTORC1 activity. Both GLP-1 and EX-4 suppressed the expression and secretion of ghrelin in cultured mHypoE-42 cells, a hypothalamic cell line. These effects were associated with significant changes in mTOR signaling. Inhibition of mTORC1 activity by mTOR siRNA or rapamycin abolished the suppression of ghrelin production induced by GLP-1 and EX-4 in mHypoE-42 cells. Our results identify mTORC1 as a critical signaling pathway for the downregulation of ghrelin induced by activation of GLP-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosi Hong
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Hongbin Liang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Danjie Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Jiana Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Sibo Jiang
- Departments of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, 6550 Sanger Rd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Shenzhen University Diabetes Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0346, USA.
| | - Geyang Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
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Chen J, Chen L, Sanseau P, Freudenberg JM, Rajpal DK. Significant obesity-associated gene expression changes occur in the stomach but not intestines in obese mice. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/10/e12793. [PMID: 27207783 PMCID: PMC4886165 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract can have significant impact on the regulation of the whole‐body metabolism and may contribute to the development of obesity and diabetes. To systemically elucidate the role of the GI tract in obesity, we performed a transcriptomic analysis in different parts of the GI tract of two obese mouse models: ob/ob and high‐fat diet (HFD) fed mice. Compared to their lean controls, significant changes in the gene expression were observed in both obese mouse groups in the stomach (ob/ob: 959; HFD: 542). In addition, these changes were quantitatively much higher than in the intestine. Despite the difference in genetic background, the two mouse models shared 296 similar gene expression changes in the stomach. Among those genes, some had known associations to obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance. In addition, the gene expression profiles strongly suggested an increased gastric acid secretion in both obese mouse models, probably through an activation of the gastrin pathway. In conclusion, our data reveal a previously unknown dominant connection between the stomach and obesity in murine models extensively used in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Computational Biology, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lihong Chen
- Enteroendocrinology DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Philippe Sanseau
- Computational Biology, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Deepak K Rajpal
- Computational Biology, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
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21
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Takagi K, Miki Y, Tanaka S, Hashimoto C, Watanabe M, Sasano H, Ito K, Suzuki T. Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) in human endometrial carcinoma: a potent prognostic factor associated with cell proliferation and migration. Endocr J 2016; 63:287-99. [PMID: 26842712 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej15-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) is a multifunctional protein containing several functional domains, and associated with wide variety of biological process such as food intake and energy homeostasis. Recently, NUCB2 has been implicated in not only normal human tissues but also some kinds of human malignancies. However, its clinical and/or biological significance has largely remained unknown in endometrial carcinomas. We therefore immunolocalized NUCB2 protein in 87 endometrial carcinoma tissues and examined its clinical significance. NUCB2 immunoreactivity was detected in 19 out of 87 (22%) of endometrial carcinoma cases examined, and positively correlated with Ki67 labeling index, while there was no significant correlation between NUCB2 and stage, histological grade, and progesterone receptor status. Furthermore, NUCB2 immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with increased risk of recurrence and worse clinical outcome regardless of stage or histological grade. Subsequent multivariate analyses did reveal that NUCB2 immunoreactivity was an independent prognostic factor for both disease-free survival and endometrial cancer specific survival. In vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of NUCB2 using specific siRNA for NUCB2 significantly impaired cell proliferation and migration of the endometrial carcinoma cell lines, Ishikawa and Sawano cells, and that nesfatin-1 treatment significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration in Ishikawa cells. These findings possibly suggested that NUCB2 and/or nesfatin-1 had pivotal roles in the progression of endometrial carcinomas. Immunohistochemical NUCB2 status may therefore serve as a potent biomarker for endometrial carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Takagi
- Departments of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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22
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Yin Y, Li Z, Gao L, Li Y, Zhao J, Zhang W. AMPK-dependent modulation of hepatic lipid metabolism by nesfatin-1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 417:20-6. [PMID: 26363221 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanism by which peripheral nesfatin-1 regulates hepatic lipid metabolism. Continuous peripheral infusion of nesfatin-1 reduced adiposity and plasma levels of triglyceride and cholesterol. In mice fed high fat diet, peripheral nesfatin-1 significantly decreased hepatic steatosis measured by triglyceride content and oil red staining area and diameter. These alterations were associated with a significant reduction in lipogenesis-related transcriptional factors PPARγ and SREBP1, as well as rate-limited enzyme genes such as acaca, fasn, gpam, dgat1 and dgat2. In primary hepatocytes, nesfatin-1 inhibited both basal and oleic acid stimulated triglyceride accumulation, which was accompanied by a decrement in lipogenesis-related genes and an increase in β-oxidation-related genes. In cultured hepatocytes, nesfatin-1 increased levels of AMPK phosphorylation. Inhibition of AMPK by compound C blocked the reduction of triglyceride content elicited by nesfatin-1. Our studies demonstrate that nesfatin-1 attenuates lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by an AMPK-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziru Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0346, USA.
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23
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Ma L, Tang H, Yin Y, Yu R, Zhao J, Li Y, Mulholland MW, Zhang W. HDAC5-mTORC1 Interaction in Differential Regulation of Ghrelin and Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2)/Nesfatin-1. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:1571-80. [PMID: 26357899 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium valporate (VPA), a broad-spectrum inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), increased ghrelin whereas decreased nesfatin-1 in mice fed normal chow diet or high-fat diet. Alterations in ghrelin and nucleobindin 2/nesfatin-1 were mediated by HDAC5 but not HDAC4. Activation of mTORC1 significantly attenuated the effect of VPA on ghrelin and nesfatin-1 levels. HDAC5 coimmunoprecipitated with raptor. Inhibition of HDAC5 by VPA, trichostatin A, or siHDAC5 markedly increased acetylation of raptor Lys840 and subsequent phosphorylation of raptor Ser792, resulting in suppression of mTORC1 signaling. A raptor mutant lacking the Lys840 acetylation site showed a decrement in phosphorylation of raptor Ser792 and subsequent increase in mTORC1 signaling. These alterations were associated with reciprocal changes in ghrelin and nucleobindin 2/nesfatin-1 expression. These findings reveal HDAC5-mTORC1 signaling as a novel mechanism in the differential regulation of gastric ghrelin and nesfatin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxiao Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.M., H.T., Y.Y., R.Y., J.Z., Y.L., W.Z.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; and Department of Surgery (M.M., W.Z.), University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0346
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.M., H.T., Y.Y., R.Y., J.Z., Y.L., W.Z.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; and Department of Surgery (M.M., W.Z.), University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0346
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.M., H.T., Y.Y., R.Y., J.Z., Y.L., W.Z.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; and Department of Surgery (M.M., W.Z.), University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0346
| | - Ruili Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.M., H.T., Y.Y., R.Y., J.Z., Y.L., W.Z.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; and Department of Surgery (M.M., W.Z.), University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0346
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.M., H.T., Y.Y., R.Y., J.Z., Y.L., W.Z.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; and Department of Surgery (M.M., W.Z.), University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0346
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.M., H.T., Y.Y., R.Y., J.Z., Y.L., W.Z.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; and Department of Surgery (M.M., W.Z.), University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0346
| | - Michael W Mulholland
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.M., H.T., Y.Y., R.Y., J.Z., Y.L., W.Z.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; and Department of Surgery (M.M., W.Z.), University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0346
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.M., H.T., Y.Y., R.Y., J.Z., Y.L., W.Z.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; and Department of Surgery (M.M., W.Z.), University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0346
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24
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Senin LL, Al-Massadi O, Barja-Fernandez S, Folgueira C, Castelao C, Tovar SA, Leis R, Lago F, Baltar J, Baamonde I, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF, Seoane LM. Regulation of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 production in rat's stomach and adipose tissue is dependent on age, testosterone levels and lactating status. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 411:105-12. [PMID: 25916958 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1, which is derived from the NEFA/nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) precursor, was recently identified as an anorexigenic peptide that is produced in several tissues including the hypothalamus. Currently, no data exist regarding the regulation of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 production in peripheral tissues, such as gastric mucosa and adipose tissue, through different periods of development. The aim of the present work was to study the variations on circulating levels, mRNA expression and tissue content in gastric mucosa and adipose tissue of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 with age and specially in two clue periods of maturation, weaning and puberty. The weaning period affected NUCB2/nesfatin-1 production in gastric tissue. The testosterone changes associated with the initiation of puberty regulated NUCB2/nesfatin-1 production via adipose tissue and gastric NUCB2/nesfatin-1 production. In conclusion, the production of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 by the stomach and adipose tissue fluctuates with age to regulate energy homeostasis during different states of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia L Senin
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS).; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Omar Al-Massadi
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Barja-Fernandez
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS).; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Pediatric Department, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cintia Folgueira
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS).; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cecilia Castelao
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS).; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sulay A Tovar
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- Pediatric Department, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisca Lago
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit and Department of Cardiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier Baltar
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ivan Baamonde
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Physiology, Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luisa M Seoane
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS).; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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25
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Xu G, Li Z, Ding L, Tang H, Guo S, Liang H, Wang H, Zhang W. Intestinal mTOR regulates GLP-1 production in mouse L cells. Diabetologia 2015; 58:1887-97. [PMID: 26037201 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), an intestinal incretin produced in L cells through proglucagon processing, is released in response to meal intake. The intracellular mechanism by which L cells sense the organism energy level to coordinate the production of GLP-1 remains unclear. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an intracellular fuel sensor critical for energy homeostasis. In this study, we investigated whether intestinal mTOR regulates GLP-1 production in L cells. METHODS The effects of mTOR on GLP-1 production were examined in lean- or high-fat diet (HFD) induced diabetic C57/BL6, db/db, Neurog3-Tsc1(-/-) mice, and STC-1 cells. GLP-1 expression was investigated by real-time PCR and western blotting. Plasma GLP-1 and insulin were detected by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay, respectively. RESULTS Fasting downregulated mTOR activity, which was associated with a decrement of intestinal proglucagon and circulating GLP-1. Upon re-feeding, these alterations returned to the levels of fed animals. In HFD induced diabetic mice, ileal mTOR signalling, proglucagon and circulating GLP-1 were significantly decreased. Inhibition of mTOR signalling by rapamycin decreased levels of intestinal and plasma GLP-1 in both normal and diabetic mice. Activation of the intestinal mTOR signalling by L-leucine or Tsc1 gene deletion increased levels of intestinal proglucagon and plasma GLP-1. Overexpression of mTOR stimulated proglucagon promoter activity and GLP-1 production, whereas inhibition of mTOR activity by overexpression of tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1) or TSC2 decreased proglucagon promoter activity and GLP-1 production in STC-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION mTOR may link energy supply with the production of GLP-1 in L cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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26
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Serin S, Bakacak M, Ercan Ö, Köstü B, Avci F, Arıkan D, Kıran G. The evaluation of Nesfatin-1 levels in patients with and without intrauterine growth restriction. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:1409-13. [PMID: 26043295 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1049524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate Nesfatin-1 levels in patients with and without intrauterine growth restriction and to analyze the correlation between Nesfatin-1 levels and fetal birth weights. METHODS This study comprised a total of 81 cases; 41 patients with IUGR and 40 healthy cases. Demographic data, pregnancy weeks, fetal birth weights and Nesfatin-1 levels were all recorded. The Nesfatin-1 levels were compared between the groups and the correlation between fetal birth weights and Nesfatin-1 levels was analyzed. RESULTS No statistical significant difference was determined between the groups in terms of demographic data (p > 0.05). Average birth weights were determined as 3420 ± 259 g in the control group and 2041 ± 350 g in the IUGR group, which was found to be statistically unequal (p = 0.001). The average Nesfatin levels in the control group were 0.069 ± 0.011 and 0.094 ± 0.042 in the IUGR group. This difference was statistically unequal (p = 0.001). While no correlation was determined between Nesfatin levels and fetal birthweights in the control group (r = -0.034 versus p = 0.836), in the IUGR group and when all the cases were evaluated together, a statistically moderately significant negative correlation was determined (r = -0.469, p = 0.002 and r = -0.251, p = 0.024, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Although intrauterine growth is a multifactorial process, the effect mechanism has not yet been established. The results of this study offer some indications about the possible effect of Nesfatin 1 on fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Serin
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tatvan State Hospital , Bitlis , Turkey
| | - Murat Bakacak
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, School of Medicine , Kahramanmaraş , Turkey , and
| | - Önder Ercan
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, School of Medicine , Kahramanmaraş , Turkey , and
| | - Bülent Köstü
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, School of Medicine , Kahramanmaraş , Turkey , and
| | - Fazıl Avci
- c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Patnos State Hospital , Ağrı , Turkey
| | - Deniz Arıkan
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, School of Medicine , Kahramanmaraş , Turkey , and
| | - Gürkan Kıran
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, School of Medicine , Kahramanmaraş , Turkey , and
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27
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Chung Y, Jung E, Kim H, Kim J, Yang H. Expression of Nesfatin-1/NUCB2 in Fetal, Neonatal and Adult Mice. Dev Reprod 2015; 17:461-7. [PMID: 25949163 PMCID: PMC4382952 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2013.17.4.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1/NUCB2, which is associated with the control of appetite and energy metabolism, was reported for the first time to be expressed in the hypothalamus. However, recent studies have shown that nesfatin-1/NUCB2 was expressed not only in the hypothalamus, but also in various tissues including digestive and reproductive organs. We also demonstrated that nesfatin-1/NUCB2 was expressed in the reproductive organs, pituitary gland, heart, lung, and gastrointestinal tract of the adult mouse. However, little is known about nesfatin-1/NUCB2 expression in fetal and neonatal mice. Therefore, we examined here the distribution of nesfatin-1/NUCB2 in various organs of fetal and neonatal mice and compared them with the distribution in adult mice. As a result of immunohistochemical staining, nesfatin-1/NUCB2 protein was expressed relatively higher in the lung, kidney, heart, and liver compared to other organs in the fetus. Western blot results also showed that nesfatin-1/NUCB2 protein was detected in the lung, kidney, heart, and stomach. Next, we compared the expression levels of nesfatin-1/NUCB2 mRNA in the fetus and neonate with the expression levels in both male and female adult mice. The expression levels in heart, lung, stomach, and kidney were higher compared with other organs in fetal and neonatal mice and in both male and female adult mice. Interestingly, the expression of nesfatin-1/NUCB2 mRNA in the kidney was devrepamatically increased in male and female adult mice compared to fetal and neonatal mice. These results indicate that nesfatin-1/NUCB2 may regulate the development and physiological function of mouse organs. In the future, we need more study on the function of nesfatin-1/NUCB2, which is highly expressed in the heart, lung, and kidney during mouse development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwa Chung
- Department of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Jung
- Department of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Kim
- Department of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Kim
- Fertility Center, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul 135-913, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwon Yang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Republic of Korea
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28
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Kim J, Yang H. Nesfatin-1 as a new potent regulator in reproductive system. Dev Reprod 2015; 16:253-64. [PMID: 25949098 PMCID: PMC4282246 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2012.16.4.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1 is a recently discovered anorexigenic peptide which is distributed in several brain areas implicated in the feeding and metabolic regulation. Recently, it has been reported that nesfatin-1 is expressed not only in brain, but also in peripheral organs such as digestive organs, adipose tissues, heart, and reproductive organs. Nesfatin-1 is markedly expressed in the pancreas, stomach and duodenum. Eventually, the nesfatin-1 expression in the digestive organs may be regulated by nutritional status, which suggests a regulatory role of peripheral nesfatin-1 in energy homeostasis. Nesfatin-1 is also detected in the adipose tissues of humans and rodents, indicating that nesfatin-1 expression in the fat may regulate food intake independently, rather than relying on leptin. In addition, nesfatin-1 is expressed in the heart as a cardiac peptide. It suggests that nesfatin-1 may regulate cardiac function and encourage clinical potential in the presence of nutrition-dependent physio-pathologic cardiovascular diseases. Currently, only a few studies demonstrate that nesfatin-1 is expressed in the reproductive system. However, it is not clear yet what function of nesfatin-1 is in the reproductive organs. Here, we summarize the expression of nesfatin-1 and its roles in brain and peripheral organs and discuss the possible roles of nesfatin-1 expressed in reproductive organs, including testis, epididymis, ovary, and uterus. We come to the conclusion that nesfatin-1 as a local regulator in male and female reproductive organs may regulate the steroidogenesis in the testis and ovary and the physiological activity in epididymis and uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Kim
- Dept. of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Korea
| | - Hyunwon Yang
- Dept. of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Korea
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Barja-Fernandez S, Leis R, Casanueva FF, Seoane LM. Drug development strategies for the treatment of obesity: how to ensure efficacy, safety, and sustainable weight loss. Drug Des Devel Ther 2014; 8:2391-400. [PMID: 25489237 PMCID: PMC4257050 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s53129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide, and approximately 25%-35% of the adult population is obese in some countries. The excess of body fat is associated with adverse health consequences. Considering the limited efficacy of diet and exercise in the current obese population and the use of bariatric surgery only for morbid obesity, it appears that drug therapy is the only available method to address the problem on a large scale. Currently, pharmacological obesity treatment options are limited. However, new antiobesity drugs acting through central nervous system pathways or the peripheral adiposity signals and gastrointestinal tract are under clinical development. One of the most promising approaches is the use of peptides that influence the peripheral satiety signals and brain-gut axis such as GLP-1 analogs. However, considering that any antiobesity drug may affect one or several of the systems that control food intake and energy expenditure, it is unlikely that a single pharmacological agent will be effective as a striking obesity treatment. Thus, future strategies to treat obesity will need to be directed at sustainable weight loss to ensure maximal safety. This strategy will probably require the coadministration of medications that act through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barja-Fernandez
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Leis
- Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - FF Casanueva
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC) Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - LM Seoane
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Feijóo-Bandín S, Rodríguez-Penas D, García-Rúa V, Mosquera-Leal A, Otero MF, Pereira E, Rubio J, Martínez I, Seoane LM, Gualillo O, Calaza M, García-Caballero T, Portolés M, Roselló-Lletí E, Diéguez C, Rivera M, González-Juanatey JR, Lago F. Nesfatin-1 in human and murine cardiomyocytes: synthesis, secretion, and mobilization of GLUT-4. Endocrinology 2013; 154:4757-67. [PMID: 24064358 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1, a satiety-inducing peptide identified in hypothalamic regions that regulate energy balance, is an integral regulator of energy homeostasis and a putative glucose-dependent insulin coadjuvant. We investigated its production by human cardiomyocytes and its effects on glucose uptake, in the main cardiac glucose transporter GLUT-4 and in intracellular signaling. Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blots, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, and ELISA of human and murine cardiomyocytes and/or cardiac tissue showed that cardiomyocytes can synthesize and secrete nesfatin-1. Confocal microscopy of cultured cardiomyocytes after GLUT-4 labeling showed that nesfatin-1 mobilizes this glucose transporter to cell peripherals. The rate of 2-deoxy-D-[(3)H]glucose incorporation demonstrated that nesfatin-1 induces glucose uptake by HL-1 cells and cultured cardiomyocytes. Nesfatin-1 induced dose- and time-dependent increases in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, and AS160. In murine and human cardiac tissue, nesfatin-1 levels varied with diet and coronary health. In conclusion, human and murine cardiomyocytes can synthesize and secrete nesfatin-1, which is able to induce glucose uptake and the mobilization of the glucose transporter GLUT-4 in these cells. Nesfatin-1 cardiac levels are regulated by diet and coronary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Feijóo-Bandín
- Laboratorio 7, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Travesía Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Stengel A, Mori M, Taché Y. The role of nesfatin-1 in the regulation of food intake and body weight: recent developments and future endeavors. Obes Rev 2013; 14:859-70. [PMID: 23980879 PMCID: PMC3810163 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1 was discovered in 2006 and introduced as a potential novel anorexigenic modulator of food intake and body weight. The past years have witnessed increasing evidence establishing nesfatin-1 as a potent physiological inhibitor of food intake and body weight and unravelled nesfatin-1's interaction with other brain transmitters to exert its food consumption inhibitory effect. As observed for other anorexigenic brain neuropeptides, nesfatin-1 is also likely to exert additional, if not pleiotropic, actions in the brain and periphery. Recent studies established the prominent expression of the nesfatin-1 precursor, nucleobindin2 (NUCB2), in the stomach and pancreas, where nesfatin-1 influences endocrine secretion. This review will highlight the current experimental state-of-knowledge on the effects of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 on food intake, body weight and glucose homeostasis. Potential implications in human obesity will be discussed in relation to the evidence of changes in circulating levels of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 in disease states, the occurrence of genetic NUCB2 polymorphisms and--in contrast to several other hormones--the independence of leptin signalling known to be blunted under conditions of chronically increased body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stengel
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Division for General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Singh PK, Singh S, Ganesh S. Activation of serum/glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) underlies increased glycogen levels, mTOR activation, and autophagy defects in Lafora disease. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 24:3776-86. [PMID: 24131995 PMCID: PMC3861076 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-05-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD), a fatal genetic form of myoclonic epilepsy, is characterized by abnormally high levels of cellular glycogen and its accumulation as Lafora bodies in affected tissues. Therefore the two defective proteins in LD-laforin phosphatase and malin ubiquitin ligase-are believed to be involved in glycogen metabolism. We earlier demonstrated that laforin and malin negatively regulate cellular glucose uptake by preventing plasma membrane targeting of glucose transporters. We show here that loss of laforin results in activation of serum/glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) in cellular and animals models and that inhibition of SGK1 in laforin-deficient cells reduces the level of plasma membrane-bound glucose transporter, glucose uptake, and the consequent glycogen accumulation. We also provide evidence to suggest that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activates SGK1 kinase in laforin-deficient cells. The mTOR activation appears to be a glucose-dependent event, and overexpression of dominant-negative SGK1 suppresses mTOR activation, suggesting the existence of a feedforward loop between SGK1 and mTOR. Our findings indicate that inhibition of SGK1 activity could be an effective therapeutic approach to suppress glycogen accumulation, inhibit mTOR activity, and rescue autophagy defects in LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
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Zhang W, Zhang C, Fritze D, Chai B, Li J, Mulholland MW. Modulation of food intake by mTOR signalling in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in male rats: focus on ghrelin and nesfatin-1. Exp Physiol 2013; 98:1696-704. [PMID: 23955309 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2013.074930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling in the hypothalamus is involved in the control of energy homeostasis. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of mTOR signalling in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNV) on energy intake. Phospho-mTOR was detected in the DMNV neurons, and its levels were increased by energy deprivation. Rapamycin significantly inhibited mTOR activity and reduced food intake when administrated into the fourth ventricle. Exposure of DMNV neurons to ghrelin increased the phosphorylation of mTOR. Injection of ghrelin into the fourth ventricle significantly increased food intake relative to the control vehicle. Pretreatment with rapamycin for 15 min attenuated the orexigenic effect of ghrelin. A reduction in the phosphorylation of mTOR was observed following injection of nesfatin-1 into the fourth ventricle. When administrated by injection into the fourth ventricle, nesfatin-1 suppressed food intake in comparison with the control vehicle. The anorexigenic effect of nesfatin-1 was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with leucine for 15 min. All these findings suggest that mTOR signalling in the DMNV neurons regulates both the nutrient and the hormonal signals for the modulation of food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Zhang
- W. Zhang: University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 1520B MSRB I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Abstract
Aims/hypothesis The actions of peripherally administered nesfatin-1 on glucose homeostasis remain controversial. The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanisms by which peripheral nesfatin-1 regulates glucose metabolism. Methods The effects of nesfatin-1 on glucose metabolism were examined in mice by continuous infusion of the peptide via osmotic pumps. Changes in AKT phosphorylation and Glut4 were investigated by Western blotting and immnuofluorescent staining. Primary myocytes, adipocytes and hepatocytes were isolated from male mice. Results Continuous peripheral infusion of nesfatin-1 altered glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice fed either normal or high fat diet, while central administration of nesfatin-1 demonstrated no effect. Nesfatin-1 increases insulin secretion in vivo, and in vitro in cultured min6 cells. In addition, nesfatin-1 up-regulates the phosphorylation of AKT in pancreas and min6 islet cells. In mice fed normal diet, peripheral nesfatin-1 significantly increased insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of AKT in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver; similar effects were observed in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in mice fed high fat diet. At basal conditions and after insulin stimulation, peripheral nesfatin-1 markedly increased GLUT4 membrane translocation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in mice fed either diet. In vitro studies showed that nesfatin-1 increased both basal and insulin-stimulated levels of AKT phosphorylation in cells derived from skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver. Conclusions Our studies demonstrate that nesfatin-1 alters glucose metabolism by mechanisms which increase insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity via altering AKT phosphorylation and GLUT 4 membrane translocation in the skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver.
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Abstract
Ingestion of food affects the secretion of hormones from specialized endocrine cells scattered within the intestinal mucosa. Upon release, these hormones mostly decrease food intake by signaling information to the brain. Although enteroendocrine cells in the small intestine were thought to represent the predominant gut-brain regulators of food intake, recent advances also established a major role for gastric hormones in these regulatory pathways. First and foremost, the gastric endocrine X/A-like cell was in the focus of many studies due to the production of ghrelin, which is until now the only known orexigenic hormone that is peripherally produced and centrally acting. Although X/A-cells were initially thought to only release one hormone that stimulates food intake, this view has changed with the identification of additional peptide products also derived from this cell, namely desacyl ghrelin, obestatin, and nesfatin-1. Desacyl ghrelin may play a counter-regulatory role to the food intake stimulatory effect of ghrelin. The same property was suggested for obestatin; however, this hypothesis could not be confirmed in numerous subsequent studies. Moreover, the description of the stomach as the major source of the novel anorexigenic hormone nesfatin-1 derived from the NUCB2 gene further corroborated the assumption that the gastric X/A-like cell products are not only stimulant but also inhibitors of feeding, thereby acting as so far unique dual regulator of food intake located in a logistically important place where the gastrointestinal tract has initial contact with food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stengel
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Division Psychosomatic Medicine, Obesity Center Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Li WN, Tian ZB, Wei LZ, Sun GR, Zhang CP, Ge YL, Xu L. Expression of nucleobindin-2/nesfatin-1 in gastrointestinal tissues of high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:320-326. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i4.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of the NUCB2 gene and NUCB2/nesfatin-1 protein in gastrointestinal tissues of obese and normal rats.
METHODS: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups to be fed a high-fat diet or a normal diet. At the end of eight weeks, gastric, duodenal, small intestinal and colonic tissues were collected to detect the expression of NUCB2 mRNA and NUCB2/nesfatin-1 protein by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively.
RESULTS: The expression levels of NUCB2 mRNA in gastric, duodenal, and small intestinal tissues of obese rats were 2.02, 1.49 and 1.23 times higher than those in corresponding tissues of normal controls (t = 4.256, 3.455, 2.402; P = 0.000, 0.002, 0.026), showing a significant positive correlation with Lee's index (r = 0.677, 0.561, 0.538; P = 0.006, 0.030, 0.039); however, the expression level of NUCB2 mRNA in colonic tissue showed no significant difference between the two groups (t = 1.835, P = 0.077). NUCB2/nesfatin-1 protein was localized in the lower 2/3 of gastric mucosal glands, Brunner's glands and Paneth cells of the duodenum, and Paneth cells of the small intestine. The expression level of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 protein in gastric tissues was significantly increased in obese rats compared with normal controls (Z = -2.955, P = 0.003), and was positively correlated with Lee's index (r = 0.677, P = 0.008). The expression level of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 protein in Paneth cells of the duodenum and small intestine in obese rats significantly decreased compared with normal controls (Z = -2.026, -2.648; P = 0.043, 0.008), showing a significant negative correlation with Lee's index (r = -0.557, -0.617; P = 0.031, 0.014).
CONCLUSION: NUCB2/nesfatin-1 is widely expressed in gastrointestinal tissues of rats, and the expression of NUCB2 mRNA and NUCB2/nesfatin-1 protein is up-regulated in gastric tissues of obese rats, while NUCB2/nesfatin-1 protein is down-regulated in Paneth cells in obese rats.
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