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Asundaria RR, Patil SB. Early Childhood Caries and Its Association With Behavior in Preschool Children. Cureus 2024; 16:e58648. [PMID: 38770496 PMCID: PMC11103452 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Early childhood caries (ECC) is a profoundly impactful multifactorial condition that not only influences a child's overall well-being but also diminishes their quality of life. Given the limited availability of literature on the relationship between children's behavior and ECC, the present study utilized a standardized assessment tool to assess the association between ECC and behavioral changes in preschool children. Methodology Our study cohort consisted of 120 healthy preschool children, aged 18-60 months, evenly divided into two groups: caries-free (group I) and caries active (group II). Clinical features of ECC were meticulously inspected in each child, and the parents or caregivers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), which comprises 100 questions related to a child's daily behavior. The total scores, the narrow-band subscales, and raw scores were obtained. Accordingly, for each raw score, t-scores were obtained using the graphic display. These scores were then subjected to various statistical analyses including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's rank correlation method. Results Results of the present study revealed that there were no significant differences in behavior based on demographic factors such as gender and age. However notable differences were observed in several aspects of behavior between the two groups. Conclusion Caries-active children exhibited significantly higher levels of behavioral problems compared to their caries-free counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shruthi B Patil
- Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara (SDM) College of Dental Science and Hospital, Dharwad, IND
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Sun IG, Chu CH, Lo ECM, Duangthip D. Global prevalence of early childhood dental fear and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2024; 142:104841. [PMID: 38246307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to determine the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in early childhood and identify its related factors. METHODS The systematic review utilized three common English-language databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science). Two independent researchers performed a systematic search to include observational studies on young children published from 2000 to 2023. They extracted information on prevalence of DFA, assessment tools used, study sites, respondents, and children's dental visit experiences. RESULTS A total of 2,895 studies were identified, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The pooled prevalence of DFA among 2- to 6- year-old children was estimated to be 30 % (95 % CI=25, 36). Children without dental visit experience (OR=1.37, 95 % CI=1.18, 1.59) and children with caries experiences (OR=1.18, 95 % CI=1.09, 1.27) had higher odds of experiencing DFA compared to those with dental visit experience or caries-free status. The most commonly used assessment tools in the included studies were the Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (32 %, 8/25), Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (20 %, 5/25), and Dental Anxiety Question (20 %, 5/25). CONCLUSIONS This systematic review reveals that approximately one-third of young children globally experience DFA. Children who lack dental visit experience or have caries experiences are at increased risk of DFA. Clinicians can use this information to make informed decisions regarding dental care provision for young children. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study provides comprehensive information on the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety and its associated factors in early childhood. The findings can assist clinicians in understanding and addressing DFA in their dental care approach for young children. REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42023446464).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Godois LDS, Knorst JK, Noronha TG, Emmanuelli B, Ardenghi TM, Tomazoni F. Pathways to dental fear from childhood to adolescence: A 10-year cohort study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33:553-562. [PMID: 36939652 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental fear affects children's oral health; there is, however, no evidence regarding the pathways linking possible predictors for its occurrence. AIM This study aimed at exploring the direct and indirect effects of sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural and psychosocial factors on the development of dental fear in schoolchildren over time. DESIGN This is a prospective cohort study, with 10 years of follow-up. The first assessment started in 2010 (T1) with a sample of 639 children aged 1-5 years from Southern Brazil. For this study, the follow-up (T2) of these individuals was performed in 2020. Dental fear was assessed at T2 using the Brazilian version of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). Socio-economic, demographic, psychosocial and oral health measures were collected in both assessments. A structural equation model was performed to assess the direct and indirect pathways among variables at T1 and T2 to predict the CFSS-DS scores at T2. RESULTS Of the 639 children, 429 were re-evaluated at T2. Higher levels of untreated dental caries, younger individuals, dental visits for nonroutine reasons and low sense of coherence at T2 directly impacted dental fear at T2. Considering the indirect effects, the presence of dental caries and low household income at T1 indirectly impacted higher levels of dental fear over 10 years via dental caries at follow-up. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that socio-economic, demographic, clinical, psychosocial and behavioural conditions can influence dental fear from childhood to adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo da Silva Godois
- Post Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jessica Klöckner Knorst
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thaís Gioda Noronha
- Post Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Bruno Emmanuelli
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thiago Machado Ardenghi
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tomazoni
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Reis PPG, Jorge RC, Ferreira DMTP, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Maia LC, Soviero VM. Do patients with molar incisor hypomineralization have more dental anxiety and behavior management problems? A systematic review with meta-analysis. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e069. [PMID: 37436292 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review evaluated the available evidence on whether children with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) have more dental fear and anxiety (DFA) and dental behavior management problems (DBMPs) than those without MIH (Prospero CDR42020203851). Unrestricted searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, BBO, Embase, Cochrane Library, APA PsycINFO, Open Grey, and Google Scholar. Observational studies evaluating DFA and/or DBMPs in patients with and without MIH were eligible. Reviews, case reports, interventional studies, and those based on questionnaires to dentists were excluded. The methodological quality assessment was based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to synthesize data on DFA. The certainty of evidence was performed according to GRADE. Seven studies that evaluated a total of 3,805 patients were included. All of them presented methodological issues, mainly in the comparability domain. Most studies observed no significant difference in DFA between children with and without MIH. The meta-analysis did not show a significant effect of MIH on the standardized units for the DFA scores (SMD = 0.03; 95%CI: -0.06-0.12; p = 0.53; I2 = 0%). Synthesis including only the results for severe cases of MIH also did not show a significant effect of the condition on DFA scores (MD = 8.68; 95%CI: -8.64-26.00; p = 0.33; I2 = 93%). Two articles found DBMPs were significantly more frequent in patients with MIH. The overall certainty of evidence was very low for both outcomes assessed. The current evidence suggests no difference in DFA between children with and without MIH; DBMPs are more common in patients with MIH. This information should be viewed with caution because of the very low quality evidence obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Papoula Gorni Reis
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vera Mendes Soviero
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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5
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Boyd DH, Foster Page LA, Moffat SM, Thomson WM. Time to complain about pain: Children's self-reported procedural pain in a randomised control trial of Hall and conventional stainless steel crown techniques. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33:382-393. [PMID: 36841968 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children's pain in dentistry has undesirable short- and long-term consequences; therefore, less invasive treatments merit consideration. AIM To investigate procedural pain scores for two treatments for carious primary molars in New Zealand primary care. DESIGN This study was a split-mouth randomised control trial, with secondary outcome analysis. Children (4-8 years) with proximal carious lesions on matched primary molars had one tooth treated with the Hall technique (HT) and one treated with a conventional stainless steel crown (CT); treatment type and order of treatment were randomly allocated (allocation concealment). The Wong-Baker self-report pain scale measured pretreatment dental pain, procedural pain at each treatment and post-operative pain. RESULTS Data were analysed for 103 children: 49 children had the HT first and 54 children had the CT first. Procedural pain scores did not differ by treatment type, with 71.8% and 76.7% of children reporting low pain for the HT and the CT, respectively. Fewer children reported low procedural pain for the second treatment than the first (p = .047). Most children reported low procedural pain for both treatments (58.3%), although 41.7% experienced moderate-high procedural pain with at least one treatment. CONCLUSIONS The HT caused pain for as many children as the CT. There is an opportunity for better dental pain management in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy H Boyd
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lyndie A Foster Page
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Susan M Moffat
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - W Murray Thomson
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Ferreira JBS, Rigo DCA, Costa LR, Freire MCM. Prevalence of negative behaviour in the dental setting and association with sociodemographic, oral health-related and psychosocial factors amongst Brazilian preschool children. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023:10.1007/s40368-023-00815-0. [PMID: 37378788 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence of negative behaviour in preschool children attending dental clinics and its association with sociodemographic, oral health-related and parental psychosocial factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out with 145 parents/guardians and their children aged 4-6 years attending paediatric dentistry training programmes in a capital city of Midwest Brazil. Data were obtained from children's dental records, interviews, and questionnaires for parents/guardians. The outcome was negative child behaviour, based on the dentists' use or indication of behavioural control measures during the dental appointments, as registered in the children's dental records. Covariates were sociodemographic, clinical and parent/guardian psychosocial factors religiosity (DUREL index) and Sense of Coherence (SOC-13 scale). Bivariate analyses and Poisson regression with robust variance were performed. RESULTS The prevalence of negative behaviour was 24.1% (95% CI = 17.9-31.7). In the bivariate analyses, the variables initially selected for the regression models (p < 0.25) were the parent/guardians' number of children and religiosity, and the children's dental pain and caries status in deciduous teeth. After adjustment, the prevalence of negative behaviour was 2.12 higher in children with teeth extracted due to caries. CONCLUSION The prevalence of negative behaviour was high and associated with the presence of missing teeth due to caries, regardless of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and other oral health factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B S Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - D C A Rigo
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - L R Costa
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - M C M Freire
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Chisini LA, Varella de Carvalho R, Dos Santos Costa F, Salvi LC, Demarco FF, Britto Correa M. Genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the pathway of saliva and dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:8-23. [PMID: 36644905 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2162891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), related to genes in salivary composition and flow, on dental caries experience. Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review and ten in the meta-analysis. Forty-four SNPS, covering four genes (CA6, AQP2, AQP5, and MUC5B) were identified. Most of the SNPs were not associated with caries in meta-analysis. Homozygous TT genotype of the SNP CA6 rs17032907(C/T) was associated with caries [OR = 3.23(1.39-7.49)]. The pool effect of the SNPs assessed in AQP5 was associated with a reduction in the likelihood of caries [OR = 0.75(0.59-0.95)]. Considering all SNPs of salivary composition and flow, the effect allele was associated with a 75% increase in the likelihood of caries [OR = 1.75(1.06-2.89)] in the homozygous genotype. The present findings showed that the genes in salivary composition and flow can play an important role in dental caries experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Alexandre Chisini
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Varella de Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Carla Salvi
- Graduate Program in Biology, University of Vale do Taquari, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Adeniyi AA, Folayan MO, Arowolo O, Oziegbe EO, Chukwumah NM, El-Tantawi M. Associations between oral habits, dental anxiety, dental service utilization, and maternal mental health status among 6- to 12-year-old children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2022; 24:177-185. [PMID: 36367680 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-022-00767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study sought to determine the associations between maternal mental health and oral habits, dental anxiety, and dental service utilization of 6- to 12-year-old children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. METHODS Data were obtained from a household survey involving 1411 mothers and their 6- to 12-year-old children. Data collected were the confounding (maternal age, child's age at last birthday, sex at birth and socioeconomic status), independent (maternal psychological distress, and depression status) and dependent (child's non-nutritive oral habits, dental anxiety level, and most recent dental visit) variables. Bivariate analyses were conducted to test the associations between the dependent and independent variables. After controlling for confounding variables, the associations between the dependent and independent variables were determined using multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Overall, 479 (33.9%) reported one oral habit, 189 (13.4%) reported two and 99 (7.0%) children reported three or more oral habits. Only 25 (1.7%) children reported a dental visit in the year preceding the study. Higher maternal psychological distress was associated with higher dental anxiety in children (AOR: 0.094; 95% CI - 0.080 to - 0.293; p < 0.001). There was no significant association between maternal psychological distress, child's non-nutritive oral habits, and the child's most recent dental visit. There was also no association between maternal depression and the child's non-nutritive oral habits, dental anxiety level, and most recent dental visit. CONCLUSION Maternal psychological distress was a significant risk indicator for dental anxiety, but not for dental service utilization or non-nutritive oral habits among children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Maternal educational status was also associated with dental anxiety. Further research is needed to elucidate the study's findings.
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Brilhante VOM, Costa LR, Corrêa-Faria P. Evaluating the agreement between children and their parents on dental pain in children using the self-reported method. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:686-692. [PMID: 34910335 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Having preschool children evaluate their dental pain can provide an additional insight into pain diagnoses and improve patient-centered care. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement between self-reported dental pain by preschoolers and their parents' report (proxy measure). DESIGN This cross-sectional study was conducted with children aged 4 to 6 years, and with one of their parents. Dental pain was reported using the Simplified Faces Pain Scale (S-FPS) and administered before the dental consultation. Dental pain was assessed using closed-ended questions, and a three-face scale was used to determine pain severity. The kappa and weighted kappa tests were used to evaluate the agreement between the children's self-report and their parents' report. RESULTS A total of 198 child-parent dyads participated. Current child dental pain was reported by 44.4% of the children and 36.9% of the parents. Severe pain was reported most frequently between children (17.1%) and parents (16.2%). The agreement on the severity of dental pain ranged from substantial (children aged 6 years and parents: weighted kappa = 0.372) to moderate (4-year-olds: 0.412; 5-year-olds: 0.453). CONCLUSION Children and parents agreed on the child's dental pain. The use of the S-FPS among younger children appears valid and feasible for assessing dental pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciane Rezende Costa
- School of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Corrêa-Faria
- School of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Shinde N, Kanabar DJ, Miles LJ. Narrative review of the prevalence and distribution of acute pain in children in the self-care setting. PAEDIATRIC & NEONATAL PAIN 2022; 4:169-191. [PMID: 36618510 PMCID: PMC9798044 DOI: 10.1002/pne2.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Acute pain among children is common, yet it may be underestimated and undertreated if the pain is not recognized. Assessing and managing pediatric pain can be complicated, and as such, measuring the prevalence of acute pain in children can be challenging. We sought to provide a consolidated review of the available data on the prevalence of commonly occurring acute pain in children in the self-care setting. An extensive literature search was performed to determine the prevalence of acute pain at multiple bodily locations in children aged between 3 months and 18 years. We considered the influence of age, sex, and sociodemographic factors on prevalence estimates. We also sought to identify some of the challenges involved in assessing and managing pediatric pain, thus shedding light on areas where there may be clinical and medical unmet needs. In general, a high prevalence of acute pain in children was detected, particularly headache, menstruation-related pain, and dental and back pain. Older age, female sex, and lower socioeconomic status were associated with increased pain prevalence. Risk factors were identified for all pain types and included psychological issues, stress, and unhealthy lifestyle habits. Owing to the heterogeneity in study populations, the prevalence estimates varied widely; there was also heterogeneity in the pain assessment tools utilized. The paucity of information regarding pain prevalence appears to be out of proportion with the burden of acute pain in children. This could indicate that clinicians may not be equipped with an optimal pain management strategy to guide their practice, especially regarding the use of developmentally appropriate pain assessment tools, without which prevalence data may not be captured. If acute pain is not accurately identified, it cannot be optimally treated. Further investigation is required to determine how the information from prevalence studies translates to the real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutan Shinde
- Reckitt Benckiser plc (Global Headquarters)BerkshireUK
| | | | - Lisa J. Miles
- Reckitt Benckiser plc (Global Headquarters)BerkshireUK
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Kayaaltı-Yüksek S, Yıldırım S. Effect of Mozart's music on the learning of toothbrushing behavior in children with high and low dental anxiety levels. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5979-5988. [PMID: 35834000 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Mozart's music on the learning of toothbrushing behavior in children with high and low dental anxiety levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized, controlled, single-blinded, and observational study was conducted with 60 children, aged 8-12, who were recruited to high dental anxiety level (HDAL) and low dental anxiety level (LDAL) groups. Both groups were divided into two equal subgroups (with or without Mozart's music). In the Mozart's music subgroups, children were exposed to Mozart's Sonata for 7 min and toothbrushing training was given accompanied by music. The training was instructed to the second subgroup without listening to Mozart's music. The periodontal measurements were repeated after 15 days. Three-factor variance analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS There was a statistically significant decrease in plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) scores in the follow-up visits for all groups (p < 0.05). A statistically significant decrease was found in PI values between groups with or without music in those with HDAL (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant differences were found between groups with or without music in those with LDAL (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS Listening to Mozart's music before toothbrushing training had a significant effect on plaque removal in children with high dental anxiety, while Mozart's music did not have a positive effect in the group with low dental anxiety. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of Mozart's music may be beneficial in oral hygiene education for children with high dental anxiety levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Kayaaltı-Yüksek
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sinem Yıldırım
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Boyd DH, Moffat SM, Foster Page LA, Lacey (Te Arawa iwi, Ngāti Whakaue hapū and Ngāruahine iwi, JK, Fuge KN, Natarajan AK, Misa (Tule fanakava Misa of Te'ekiu, Kanokupolu, Tonga Islan TF, Thomson WM. Oral health of children in Aotearoa New Zealand–time for change. J R Soc N Z 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2022.2069826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy H. Boyd
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Susan M. Moffat
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lyndie A. Foster Page
- Defence Health Directorate, Te Ope Kātua o Aotearoa–New Zealand Defence Force, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Kathryn N. Fuge
- Bee Healthy Regional Dental Service, Hutt Valley District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Arun K. Natarajan
- Specialist Paediatric Dentist, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - W. Murray Thomson
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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13
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Stein Duker LI, Grager M, Giffin W, Hikita N, Polido JC. The Relationship between Dental Fear and Anxiety, General Anxiety/Fear, Sensory Over-Responsivity, and Oral Health Behaviors and Outcomes: A Conceptual Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042380. [PMID: 35206566 PMCID: PMC8872083 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is common across the lifespan and represents a barrier to proper oral health behaviors and outcomes. The aim of this study is to present a conceptual model of the relationships between DFA, general anxiety/fear, sensory over-responsivity (SOR), and/or oral health behaviors and outcomes. Two rounds of literature searches were performed using the PubMed database. Included articles examined DFA, general anxiety/fear, SOR, catastrophizing, and/or oral health behaviors and outcomes in typically developing populations across the lifespan. The relationships between the constructs were recorded and organized into a conceptual model. A total of 188 articles were included. The results provided supporting evidence for relationships between DFA and all other constructs included in the model (general anxiety/fear, SOR, poor oral health, irregular dental attendance, dental behavior management problems [DBMP], and need for treatment with pharmacological methods). Additionally, SOR was associated with general anxiety/fear and DBMP; general anxiety/fear was linked to poor oral health, irregular attendance, and DBMP. This model provides a comprehensive view of the relationships between person factors (e.g., general anxiety/fear, SOR, and DFA) and oral health behaviors and outcomes. This is valuable in order to highlight connections between constructs that may be targeted in the development of new interventions to improve oral health behaviors and outcomes as well as the experience of DFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah I. Stein Duker
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Willa Giffin
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
| | - Natasha Hikita
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
| | - José C. Polido
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA;
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14
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Valdes-Stauber J, Hummel K. The relationship between dental anxiety and other kinds of anxiety: a naturalistic, cross-sectional and comparative study. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:184. [PMID: 34819158 PMCID: PMC8611955 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental anxiety is of public health importance because it leads to postponed dental treatment, which comes with health complications. The present study investigated whether there is a correlation between the degree of dental anxiety and other kinds of anxiety and whether there are prognostic factors for the different kinds of anxiety. METHOD In the sample (N = 156) from a dental practice in a large German city, 62% of patients received a check-examination and 38% received dental surgery. The target variables were recorded with validated questionnaires: dental anxiety (IDAF-4c+), subclinical anxiety (SubA), anxiety of negative evaluation (SANB-5), current general anxiety (STAI state), loneliness (LS-S) and self-efficacy (GSW-6). The applied statistics were: t-tests for 31 variables, correlation matrix and multivariate and bivariate regression analyses. RESULTS The dental surgery patients displayed more dental anxiety and more dental interventions than the check-examination group. The main result was a positive correlation of all kinds of anxiety with each other, a positive correlation of loneliness and neuroticism with all forms of anxiety and a negative correlation between all forms of anxiety and self-efficacy. Especially dental anxiety is positively associated with other kinds of anxiety. In multivariate regression models only neuroticism is associated with dental anxiety, but feelings of loneliness are positively associated with with the other kinds of anxiety assessed in this study. The higher the self-efficacy, the lower the level of general anxiety. CONCLUSIONS In dentistry, anxiety from negative experiences with buccal interventions should be distinguished from anxiety caused by personality traits. Self-efficacy tends to protect against anxiety, while loneliness and neuroticism are direct or indirect risk factors for anxiety in this urban dentistry sample. Dental anxiety seems to be independent from biographical strains but not from neuroticism. In practice, more attention must be paid to anxiety control, self-management and efforts to improve the confidence of patients with emotional lability, less self-confidence and propensity to shame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Valdes-Stauber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Kevin Hummel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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15
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Slabšinskienė E, Kavaliauskienė A, Žemaitienė M, Vasiliauskienė I, Zaborskis A. Dental Fear and Associated Factors among Children and Adolescents: A School-Based Study in Lithuania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168883. [PMID: 34444632 PMCID: PMC8395053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dental fear is a challenging problem in dentistry and many contributing factors have been identified. Although this problem among children and adolescents has been studied in the literature for a long time, few such studies have been conducted in Lithuania. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dental fear and examine its association with gender, age and several psychological and social factors among children and adolescents in Lithuania. The cross-sectional survey included a randomly selected sample (n = 1590) of children aged 11-14 and adolescents aged 15-18. The data were supplemented by interviewing the parents of these subjects (n = 1399). Dental fear was measured with a single five-score question. The data collection also included questions on oral health, socioeconomic status, oral health-related quality of life and self-esteem. Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the association between perception of dental fear and potential predictor variables. It was found that 32.2% (95% CI: 29.9-34.4%) of children and adolescents reported no fear of dental treatment, 12.5% (10.8-14.2%) of their peers were highly afraid of dental treatment, and other subjects assessed their dental fear gradually. Girls reported greater dental fear scores than boys, but the level of dental fear did not depend on the age. We identified the groups of subjects by gender and age, and a higher level of dental fear was significantly associated with untreated caries experience, a delay in the age of the subject's first visit to the dentist, low self-esteem, low oral health-related quality of life, low overall life satisfaction and low family affluence. The results also suggested that dental fear could originate from previous toothache, dentists' actions, high sensitivity in the child and poor psychological readiness for treatment. It was concluded that dental fear among Lithuanian children and adolescents is a common problem that is associated with gender and several dental, psychological and social factors. The findings indicate that school-based health policies, paediatric dentists and parents should be encouraged to focus on the psychosocial factors associated with dental fear because most of them can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglė Slabšinskienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.Ž.); (I.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +37-037-388-192
| | - Aistė Kavaliauskienė
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Miglė Žemaitienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.Ž.); (I.V.)
| | - Ingrida Vasiliauskienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.Ž.); (I.V.)
| | - Apolinaras Zaborskis
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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16
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Costa FDS, Costa CDS, Chisini LA, Wendt A, Santos IDSD, Matijasevich A, Correa MB, Demarco FF. Socio-economic inequalities in dental pain in children: A birth cohort study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 50:360-366. [PMID: 34137065 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe socio-economic inequalities in dental pain and dental caries in 5 and 12-year-old children enrolled in a birth cohort. METHODS This prospective study was carried out with children enrolled in a birth cohort in Pelotas, Brazil. The main outcome was history of dental pain in the last six months, collected at 5 and 12 years of age. Dental caries was evaluated as a secondary outcome. Inequalities dimensions were investigated using maternal education and family income. The inequalities indicators used were the slope index of inequality (SII) and the concentration index (CIX). RESULTS Some 1,114 and 990 children were included in the analyses at the 5- and 12-year follow-ups, respectively. The prevalence of dental pain was 16.5% (95% CI 14.4-18.8) at 5 years and 31.6% (95% CI 28.7-34.6) at 12 years. Regarding SII, the difference in the prevalence of dental pain was 14 and 11 percentage points at 5 and 12 years, respectively, when comparing the less to the more maternal schooled strata. Relative inequalities (CIX) were found for dental pain only at age 12, considering family income (-5.8 CI95% -11.0; -0.6). Absolute socio-economic inequalities were also observed for dental caries in both ages. CONCLUSION Dental pain in the last six months and dental caries was unequally distributed. Economically disadvantaged groups had the highest prevalence of dental pain and dental caries in both dentitions. Actions to tackle socio-economic inequalities must be designed throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luiz Alexandre Chisini
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Taquari Valley University, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Andrea Wendt
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Iná da Silva Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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17
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Lopes ABS, Ramos-Jorge ML, Machado GF, Vieira-Andrade RG, Ramos-Jorge J, Fernandes IB. Longitudinal evaluation of determinants of the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries in early childhood. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 50:91-98. [PMID: 33704820 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate whether the trajectory of family income, parental education and clinical variables are associated with the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries among children. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted with 439 children between one and three years of age, evaluated at baseline and re-evaluated after three years. Sociodemographic and economic variables, untreated dental caries and biofilm were investigated both at baseline and at the 3-year follow-up. The pufa index (pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula and abscess) was used to diagnose the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries. RESULTS The prevalence of pufa ≥1 was 18.2% in the follow-up. The following variables were associated with a higher risk of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries: mother's low schooling level at baseline and follow-up (RR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.04-2.18), incidence or baseline presence of biofilm (RR = 4.66; 95% CI: 2.02-10.74), cavitated dental caries at baseline (RR = 3.57; 95% CI:1.86 to 6.83) and incidence of cavitated dental caries (RR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.24-3.35). CONCLUSION Low maternal schooling level, biofilm, cavitated dental caries at baseline, and incidence of dental caries were the factors determining the consequences of untreated dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Silva Lopes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Gabrielly Fernandes Machado
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Joana Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabella Barbosa Fernandes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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18
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Silveira ER, Cademartori MG, Schuch HS, Armfield JA, Demarco FF. Estimated prevalence of dental fear in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2021; 108:103632. [PMID: 33711405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically review the literature about: 'What is the global estimated prevalence of dental fear in adults?'. DATA/SOURCES Inclusion criteria were observational population-based studies reporting the prevalence or raw data of dental fear in adults (>18 years). Five electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Virtual Health Library and Web of Science) were searched without language restrictions up to March 2020. Two researchers independently performed the study selection, data extraction and quality assessment of the included studies. Risk of bias was performed using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence and Incidence studies. The prevalence pooled estimates of dental fear were calculated using fixed- and random-effect models. Subgroup analyses were performed. STUDY SELECTION The search strategy identified 4,486 studies. After removal of duplicates (1,722), title and abstract screening (2,764) and full-text reading (108), 31 publications were deemed eligible for this systematic review. Three studies presented low risk of bias and 28 studies presented high risk of bias. A total of 72,577 individuals 18 years of age or older composed the sample of this systematic review. The global estimated prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA), high DFA and severe DFA in adults were 15.3 % (95 %CI 10.2-21.2), 12.4 % (95 %CI 9.5-15.6) and 3.3 % (95 %CI 0.9-7.1), respectively. Subgroup analyses showed a higher prevalence of DFA, high DFA and severe DFA among women and younger adults. The instruments used to measure dental fear also affected its prevalence. CONCLUSIONS Dental fear and high dental fear are prevalent in adults worldwide, being more prevalent among women. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Evidence suggests fear negatively impacts dental care pattern, clinical and subjective oral health conditions. A better knowledge of the global prevalence and the factors associated with this problem will allow that prevention or even behavior modulation strategies of the fearful individual's in dental setting being carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethieli Rodrigues Silveira
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, 96015-560, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Gonzalez Cademartori
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, 96015-560, Brazil.
| | - Helena Silveira Schuch
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, 96015-560, Brazil.
| | - Jason A Armfield
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 101 Currie St, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, 96015-560, Brazil; Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, 1160, Marechal Deodoro Street, 96020-220, Brazil.
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19
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Barroso HH, Mourão PS, Gomes RL, Almeida MTPD, Silva TS, Ramos-Jorge J, Ramos-Jorge ML, Fernandes IB. Influence of breastfeeding duration on the incidence of dental caries in preschoolers: a cohort study. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-93042021000100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: investigate the association between breastfeeding duration and the incidence of severe caries in preschoolers. Methods: a cohort study was conducted with 132 pairs of mothers and children in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. Data collection was performed in 2 moments: when the children were between two and three years of age (baseline- 2013/2014) and after three years (T1-2016/2017). In both moments, children were evaluated for dental caries (International Caries Detection and Assessment System - ICDAS) and a questionnaire was administered to the mothers addressing socioeconomic aspects and thee habits of children. The outcome evaluated was the incidence of severe caries (Dentin caries - ICDAS Codes 5 and 6). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, chi-squared test and Poisson hierarchical regression with robust variance. Results: children who breastfed for more than 24 months (RR = 2.24 CI95%= 1.23-4.08), those whose parents were separated (RR = 1.73 CI95%= 1.11-2.69), and those with estab-lished/severe caries (RR = 2.74 CI95%= 1.37-5.49) at baseline were at greater risk of incidence of severe caries after three years. Conclusion: breastfeeding for more than 24 months is a risk factor for incidence of severe caries. In addition, family structure and established or severe baseline caries were associated.
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20
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Grisolia BM, Dos Santos APP, Dhyppolito IM, Buchanan H, Hill K, Oliveira BH. Prevalence of dental anxiety in children and adolescents globally: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:168-183. [PMID: 33245591 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental anxiety (DA) negatively impacts oral health-related quality of life, and patients with DA usually require more dental treatment time. AIM To describe the global prevalence of DA in children and adolescents and to examine the influence of individual factors (age, sex, and caries experience) and variables related to DA measurement on pooled prevalence. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analyses of observational studies published between 1985 and 2020 (PROSPERO CRD42014013879). RESULTS Searches yielded 1207 unique records; 224 full-text articles were screened, and 50 studies were used in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. No study was considered as having high methodological quality according to 'The Joanna Briggs Institute assessment tool'. Overall pooled DA prevalence was 23.9% (95% CI 20.4, 27.3). Pooled prevalence in preschoolers, schoolchildren, and adolescents was as follows: 36.5% (95% CI 23.8, 49.2), 25.8% (95% CI 19.5, 32.1), and 13.3% (95% CI 9.5, 17.0), respectively. DA was significantly more prevalent in preschool children (one study) and schoolchildren (two studies) with caries experience and in female adolescents (one study). The scale used for DA assessment was shown to influence pooled prevalence in preschoolers and adolescents. CONCLUSION DA is a frequent problem in 3- to 18-year-olds worldwide, more prevalent in schoolchildren and preschool children than in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Monteiro Grisolia
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Pires Dos Santos
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Izabel Monteiro Dhyppolito
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Heather Buchanan
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kirsty Hill
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Branca Heloisa Oliveira
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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21
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Silveira ER, Cademartori MG, Schuch HS, Corrêa MB, Ardenghi TM, Armfield J, Horta BL, Demarco FF. The vicious cycle of dental fear at age 31 in a birth cohort in Southern Brazil. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 49:354-361. [PMID: 33283921 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This longitudinal study assessed the prevalence of dental fear in adulthood and the association with socio-economic, behavioural and clinical variables. Also, the existence of a vicious cycle of dental fear was tested. METHODS A random sample of adults (n = 535) from the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Brazil, was selected. Socio-economic data, behavioural characteristics and clinical variables were collected during different cohort waves. Oral health data were collected at ages 15, 24 and 31 years old, using questionnaires and oral examination. Dental fear (the outcome) was assessed by the question: 'Are you afraid of going to the dentist?', with possible responses: dichotomized into 'No' or 'A little/Yes/A lot'. Exposure variables were as follows: dental visit in the last years (at the ages 15 and 31); caries experience (DMFT ≥ mean) at the ages 15 and 31; the trajectory of caries prevalence from 15 to 31 years old; dental pain in the last six months in the two ages evaluated; and self-rated oral health at age 31. Several multivariable Poisson regression models were used to investigate the association between each of the exposure variables and dental fear. RESULTS Dental fear prevalence was 22.1%, and it was more prevalent among non-white individuals and females. After controlling for potential confounders, dental fear was more likely to be reported by those individuals who had dental pain or a higher prevalence of dental caries at the age 15. Dental fear was also associated with a worse trajectory of dental caries, negative self-rated oral health at age 31 and with not having visited the dentist in the last year (at the age 31). Results supported the proposed vicious cycle of dental fear. CONCLUSIONS Dental fear in adulthood was related to exposures occurring across the lifecourse. Also, it was possible to observe the occurrence of the vicious cycle of dental fear in the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort. Therefore, preventive measures during different periods of the life course are required to prevent dental fear and adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethieli R Silveira
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Dental Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Helena S Schuch
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Marcos B Corrêa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Ardenghi
- Graduate Program in Dental Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jason Armfield
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Flavio F Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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22
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Nurdin MF, Yusof ZYM. Facilitators and Barriers to the Implementation of Preschool Oral Healthcare Programme in Malaysia from the Perspective of Dental Therapists: A Qualitative Study. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7120266. [PMID: 33276484 PMCID: PMC7760564 DOI: 10.3390/children7120266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Preschool Oral Healthcare Programme (POHP) was introduced in Malaysia by the Ministry of Health in 1984 to provide oral healthcare for 5–6-year-old children. Most of its evaluations were directed towards assessing children’s oral health status. Little emphasis has been placed on assessing the programme feasibility from the perspectives of the oral health personnel. The objective of the study was to explore the facilitators and barriers to the implementation of the POHP using the perspectives of dental therapists (DT) in Selangor state, Malaysia. This study took a qualitative approach using focus group discussion (FGD) as the data collection method. The data were transcribed verbatim followed by thematic analysis using NVivo 12 Pro version software. A total of 13 FGDs had been conducted involving 114 DT. The main facilitators were good dental teamwork, assistance from schools and teachers, sufficient training of DT, adequate support from dental administration, and good cooperation from the children. The main barriers were lack of financial support, manpower, time, inadequate support from preschools and children, language barrier, and accessibility to sugary food and drinks at schools. The study provided important insights regarding the POHP that would be useful for programme improvement through policy changes, workforce training, and enhanced school participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farid Nurdin
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health, Level 5, Block E10, Precinct 1, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia;
| | - Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof
- Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +601-9382-4503
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23
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Laureano ICC, Farias L, Fernandes LHF, Alencar CRBD, Forte FDS, Honório DR, Cavalcanti AL. Dental Fear in Children: Association with Dental Caries and Molar Incisor Hypomineralization. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:673-679. [PMID: 33237240 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202003880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental fear and to evaluate its association with dental caries and molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren aged 8-10 years from a municipality in Northeastern Brazil. Data from 466 students enrolled in urban public schools in a cross-sectional study were collected. Parents/guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, dental fear was measured by means of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and clinical examinations were performed by three calibrated examiners for diagnosis of dental caries, using the International Caries Detection & Assessment System - ICDAS II and a previously validated index for MIH. Descriptive data analysis was performed, and associations between dental fear, dental caries and MIH were analyzed using robust Poisson regression for complex samples (p<0,05). The prevalence of dental fear was 21.6%, and the mean total CFSS-DS score was 29.97 (CI 95%=29.05-30.89). In the multivariate adjusted model, the prevalence of dental fear was associated to family income (PR=1.78; CI 95%=1.02-3.08; p= 0.041). Monthly family income was associated with dental fear in children, whereas dental caries and MIH were not associated with dental fear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lunna Farias
- Departament of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UEPB - Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | | | | | - Franklin Delano Soares Forte
- Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Daniela Rios Honório
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Leite Cavalcanti
- Departament of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UEPB - Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
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24
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Vasakova J, Duskova J, Lunackova J, Drapalova K, Zuzankova L, Starka L, Duskova M, Broukal Z. Midazolam and its effect on vital signs and behavior in children under conscious sedation in dentistry. Physiol Res 2020; 69:S305-S314. [PMID: 33094628 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Midazolam is a short acting sedative with small number of adverse effects. Administered orally, it is currently the most common form of conscious sedation in children. The objective of this paper is to describe effect of midazolam administered to children during dental treatment on their vital signs, and to monitor changes in children's behavior. We described values of vital signs and behavior in 418 sedations conducted in 272 children between 1-12 years of age. To achieve the following results, we used data from 272 all first-time sedations. After administration of midazolam arterial blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation decreased by values which were not clinically significant. The heart rate increased, with values staying within the limits of physiological range. The speed of onset of midazolam's clinical effects depends on age and dose. The lower age and dose correlated with the higher behavior score. The effectiveness of midazolam treatment is 97.8 %. Unwillingness of child to receive midazolam is predictor for disruptive behavior during sedation. 1.8 % of all sedation cases showed paradoxical reactions. The administration of midazolam in dose of 0.5 mg per 1 kg of child's body weight is safe and could be recommended for dental treatment in pediatric dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vasakova
- Departement of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Zhu M, Yu H, Xie B, Li H, He Q, Li H, Su J, Li X. Experiential learning for children's dental anxiety: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:216. [PMID: 32736555 PMCID: PMC7395402 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental anxiety (DA) has an impact on the quality of dental treatment and may have long-lasting implications for children. A recent study introducing experiential learning (EL) into children's oral health promotion resulted in better oral hygiene. The purpose of the study is to evaluate whether EL can reduce children's DA. METHODS In September 2018, we recruited 988 children aged 7-8 years from 24 classes to participate in a cluster-randomized trial. Classes were randomly assigned to EL (in which children received a lively presentation on oral health and participated in a role play in a simulated dental clinic in the classroom) or the Tell-Show-Do (TSD) group (in which children received a conventional TSD behavior management). The primary outcome was the prevalence of high DA after the procedure of pit and fissure sealant (PFS), assessed by a modified Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale. Secondary outcomes were changes in blood pressures (BP) and pulse rates (PR) before and after the PFS procedure. The intervention effects were estimated by means of mixed effect models, which included covariates of gender and school (and baseline value for BP and PR only), and a random cluster effect. RESULTS In 396 children of the EL group who received the PFS treatment, the prevalence of high DA (score ≥ 38) was 18.5%, compared with 24.3% in 391 children of the TSD group (OR = 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-0.93; P = 0.019). The increases in BP and PR after the PFS were also significantly less in the EL group. CONCLUSION School-based experiential learning intervention before a dental visit is feasible and effective in reducing children's dental anxiety during PFS. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 5 January 2020 (No.: ChiCTR2000028878 , retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Zhu
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518054, China.
| | - Hongbing Yu
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Hongwen Li
- Shenzhen Nanshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Qian He
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Jing Su
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Xueqi Li
- Shenzhen Nanshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, 518054, China.
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26
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Wong HM, Peng SM, Perfecto A, McGrath CPJ. Dental anxiety and caries experience from late childhood through adolescence to early adulthood. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 48:513-521. [PMID: 32683779 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between dental anxiety and caries experience from late childhood through adolescence and into early adulthood (12, 15 and 18 years old, respectively). METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted among a population-representative sample of Chinese in Hong Kong. A baseline survey was conducted at age 12 and follow-up assessments were completed at ages 15 and 18. Caries experience was assessed as the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT). Dental anxiety was assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). Participants' socio-economic status and oral health-related behaviours were ascertained using a self-complete questionnaire. Negative binomial regression was used to explore the association between dental anxiety and subsequent caries status, controlling for other factors. RESULTS At baseline, 668 children participated; 279 (41.8%, comprising 57.0% females) completed all three phases of data collection. MDAS scores at age 18 were lower than at age 12. Caries experience increased as participants aged. At age 15 and 18, females had higher MDAS and DMFT scores than males. Reported frequency of snacking between meals was associated with MDAS scores at age 18. In regression analyses, dental anxiety at age 12 was not significantly associated with dental caries experience at age 15, controlling for socio-demographic and oral-health behaviour factors at age 12. Likewise, dental anxiety at age 15 was not significantly associated with dental caries experience at age 18, controlling for the same factors at age 15. CONCLUSION Dental anxiety assessed by MDAS in late childhood and adolescence appears not to predict dental caries experience later in life in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Ming Wong
- Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Philip Dental Hospital, 2/F Prince, Hong Kong
| | - Si-Min Peng
- Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Philip Dental Hospital, 2/F Prince, Hong Kong
| | - Antonio Perfecto
- Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Philip Dental Hospital, 2/F Prince, Hong Kong
| | - Colman P J McGrath
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Philip Dental Hospital, 2/F Prince, Hong Kong
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Sarapultseva M, Yarushina M, Kritsky I, Ibragimov R, Sarapultsev A. Prevalence of Dental Fear and Anxiety among Russian Children of Different Ages: The Cross-Sectional Study. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:621-625. [PMID: 32610359 PMCID: PMC7535968 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children's dental fear may lead to an avoidance of seeking dental care or disruptive behavior during treatment. The study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence and scores of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) among Russian children of different ages with an experience of dental treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cross-sectional study included 371 children aged 2 to 17 years. Study participants were divided into three groups according to their age: 112 "preschool children" aged 2 to 5 years, 137 "school children" aged 6 to 11 years, and 122 "adolescents" aged 12 to 18 years. The questionnaires were distributed at reception areas of the dental clinic to parents of children aged 2 to 5 years and to the older children themselves. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 15.0. The parametric tests were used (one-way ANOVA, Student's t-test, and Pearson's correlation) because of the expected sample of more than 100 observations. The chi-square test was used for categorical variables. RESULTS The data have shown that 93.8% of the Russian child population visiting dental offices suffer mostly from moderate (11.85) levels of DFA. DFA was more often revealed in girls and among the youngest children aged 2 to 5 years. CONCLUSIONS According to the obtained results, children were more afraid of "tooth drilling" and an "injection of local anesthetic" than other factors mentioned in the questionnaires. Fear of dental treatment is common among Russian children, and the factors associated with it differ with the gender and age of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sarapultseva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Firm Vital EVV, Ekaterinburg, Russia.,Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Maria Yarushina
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Firm Vital EVV, Ekaterinburg, Russia.,Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Igor Kritsky
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Roman Ibragimov
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
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Silveira ER, Costa VPP, Goettems ML, Ardenghi TM, Azevedo MS, Correa MB, Demarco FF. The impact of cyberbullying on schoolchildren's dental anxiety in Brazil: A cross-sectional multi-level study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 48:440-446. [PMID: 32562307 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study assessed the correlation between individual and school-related social environment variables with dental anxiety in Brazilian schoolchildren aged 8-12 years. METHODS A sample of children from 20 private and public schools (n = 1211) from Pelotas, Brazil, were selected. Socioeconomic data were collected from parents, and data regarding children characteristics were collected using a questionnaire. Dental anxiety (the outcome) was assessed by the following question: 'Are you afraid of going to the dentist?' Dental examinations were performed to assess caries experience (DMFT ≥ 1). The social school environment was assessed by a questionnaire administered to schools' coordinators and considered: type of school, verbal violence between students, presence of gangs at school and cyberbullying episodes. Multilevel Poisson regression was used to investigate the association between school social environment and dental anxiety. RESULTS The prevalence of dental anxiety was 9.1% (95%CI 7.5-10.8). For the individual variables, anxiety was more prevalent in girls [1.85 (1.21-2.81)], in children with less-educated mothers [1.50 (1.00-2.27)] and in children who never attended to the dentist [2.48 (1.65-3.72)]. For contextual variables, episodes of cyberbullying in school increased the prevalence of dental anxiety by almost 80% [1.78 (1.14-2.78)]. CONCLUSIONS The school social environment influences dental anxiety. The results suggest that it is important to establish strategies focused on promoting healthier environments and preventing cyberbullying in order to reduce the occurrence of dental anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethieli R Silveira
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Dental Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vanessa P P Costa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Marília L Goettems
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Ardenghi
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Dental Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Marina S Azevedo
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Marcos B Correa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Flávio F Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Menoncin BLV, Portella PD, Ramos BLM, Assunção LRDS, de Souza JF, Menezes JVNB. Dental anxiety in schoolchildren with molar incisor hypomineralization-A population-based cross-sectional study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2019; 29:615-623. [PMID: 31009135 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying patients with high levels of DA helps to define the most adequate oral healthcare strategy, especially for pediatric patients. AIM To investigate the association between parental reports of dental anxiety (DA) and molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of 731 8-year-old schoolchildren from the city of Curitiba, Brazil, who were clinically examined (k ≥ 0.75) for the diagnosis of MIH and dental caries using the EAPD criteria and dmft/DMFT index, respectively. Parents/guardians reported children's DA using the Dental Anxiety Question (DAQ) and answered a self-administered structured questionnaire addressing socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Associations were evaluated using Poisson regression analysis with robust variance (P < 0.05). RESULTS A significant association was found between DA and MIH (PR = 1.20; 95%CI: 1.01-1.42; P = 0.038), but this association lost its significance when adjusted for the other characteristics (PR = 1.13; 95%CI: 0.93-1.38; P = 0.215). Caries experience in primary teeth was associated with lower levels of DA (PR = 0.83; 95%CI: 0.71-0.96; P = 0.0013). The most recent visit to the dentist due to pain increased the levels of DA (PR = 1.18; 95%CI: 1.07-1.30; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The presence of MIH in schoolchildren was not associated with parental reports of DA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Dresch Portella
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bruna Luiza Maximo Ramos
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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30
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Cademartori MG, Costa VPP, Corrêa MB, Goettems ML. The influence of clinical and psychosocial characteristics on children behaviour during sequential dental visits: a longitudinal prospective assessment. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 21:43-52. [PMID: 31066016 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-019-00444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This is the first study to adopt a multilevel approach to assess the impact of the order of dental visits on child's behaviour. The aim was to investigate which factors directly interfere with child's behaviour regardless of the order of sequential dental visits. METHODS In this prospective longitudinal study, children aged 7-12 years were invited to participate. Child behaviour was assessed using the Frankl Scale during four sequential dental visits. Chi-square test was used to analyse the effect of dental fear on children's non-cooperative behaviour according to the presence of dental fear. Multilevel mixed logistic regression model was used to assess the association between predictor variables and the outcome (child behaviour) during the sequential dental visits. RESULTS Overall, 111 children participated in this study. Maternal dental anxiety, dental pain and complexity of the treatment were associated with the non-cooperative behaviour in children aged 7-12 years. When stratified by dental fear, the complexity of the treatment remained associated with non-cooperative behaviour. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence that, even with the familiarization of child with the dental environment, maternal dental anxiety, dental pain in the last month, and the complexity of dental treatment negatively affect the children's behaviour aged 7-12 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Cademartori
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
- School of Dentistry (UFPel), 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - V P P Costa
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry and Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
- School of Dentistry (UFPel), 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - M B Corrêa
- Department of Dentistry and Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
- School of Dentistry (UFPel), 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - M L Goettems
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry and Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
- School of Dentistry (UFPel), 457, Gonçalves Chaves Street, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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Pezzini Soares J, Cardoso M, Bolan M. Demystifying behaviour and dental anxiety in schoolchildren during endodontic treatment for primary teeth-controlled clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent 2019; 29:249-256. [PMID: 30656782 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behaviour and anxiety of children are predictors of effective dental treatment. AIM Compare the behaviour and anxiety during preventive care, endodontic treatment, and dental extraction. DESIGN Controlled clinical trial was conducted with 99 children aged 6-9 years. The children were distributed among three groups: G1 (control)-prophylaxis and topical fluoride; G2 (intervention)-endodontic treatment; and G3 (intervention)-tooth extraction. Behaviour was measured using the Frankl scale. Dental anxiety was assessed using the modified Venham Picture Test and measured at three moments: before, during, and after the procedure. Caregivers answered a questionnaire addressing the child's previous dental experience. Clinical examinations were performed by a calibrated examiner (Kappa > 0.70) for the identification of dental caries (d-dmft/D-DMFT). Statistical analysis involved repeated-measures Poisson regression, with level of significance was P < 0.05. RESULTS Neither negative behaviour nor anxiety was associated with the type of procedure. Negative behaviour was associated with the need for restraint during a previous dental appointment (P = 0.012). Dental anxiety was associated with age (P = 0.037), previous difficult behaviour (P < 0.001), moment of measurement (P < 0.001), and dental caries on permanent teeth (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Negative behaviour and dental anxiety in children were not associated with the type of treatment performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Pezzini Soares
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariane Cardoso
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Michele Bolan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
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Al Zoubi L, Schmoeckel J, Mustafa Ali M, Alkilzy M, Splieth CH. Parental acceptance of advanced behaviour management techniques in normal treatment and in emergency situations used in paediatric dentistry. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 20:319-323. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0408-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Townsend JA, Wells MH. Behavior Guidance of the Pediatric Dental Patient. Pediatr Dent 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-60826-8.00024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to differentiate anxious from nonanxious adolescents and evaluate gender differences in anxiety with respect to previous negative dental and medical experiences. The purpose was also to evaluate a causative relationship between child medical fear and dental anxiety. STUDY DESIGN This study sampled 113 Croatian adolescents from 15 to18 years of age. Children's Fear Survey Schedule - Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) was used for the assessment of child dental anxiety regarding visits to the dentist and receiving dental treatment. A modified version of Child Medical Fear Questionnaire (CMFQ-M) was used for evaluation of child medical fear related to medical treatment and doctors in general. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results showed significantly higher dental anxiety (CFSS-DS) and medical fear (CMFQ-M) in adolscent girls (p<0,001) as compared to adolescent boys. A significantly strong correlation between medical fear and dental anxiety in adolescent girls was proved by Pearson's correlation coefficient (p < 0,01). In this study, CMFQ-M and CFSS-DS questionnaires were standardized in the Croatian adolescent population and proved reliable in the estimation of anxious behaviour with respect to specific medical and dental situations.
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Goettems ML, Shqair AQ, Bergmann VF, Cadermatori MG, Correa MB, Demarco FF. Oral health self-perception, dental caries, and pain: the role of dental fear underlying this association. Int J Paediatr Dent 2018. [PMID: 29528150 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health perception has multidimensional nature and can be influenced not only by clinical conditions but also by psychosocial characteristics. HYPOTHESIS Dental fear could modify the association between dental caries and dental pain and the perception of negative impact. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted with (n = 1,196) children aged 8-12 years attending public and private schools in Pelotas/Brazil. Children were interviewed and examined. Oral health perception was assessed using a global oral health impact item. Crude and adjusted multivariable regression models were built and effect modification of dental fear in the association between clinical indicators and perception of impact was tested. RESULTS Compared with children without fear and caries, children with fear and dental caries presented a 1.45 higher prevalence of negative impact (95% CI: 1.18-1.79) while those without fear and with dental caries had a 1.31 higher prevalence (95% CI: 1.11-1.54) after adjustments. Also, the prevalence of negative perception was higher for children with fear and dental pain (PR: 2.95; 95% CI: 1.59-2.39) and for children without fear and with pain (PR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.29-1.80), compared to children without fear and pain. CONCLUSION The presence of fear increased the effect of pain and caries on children's oral health perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Leão Goettems
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ayah Qassem Shqair
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Grindefjord M, Persson J, Jansson L, Tsilingaridis G. Dental treatment and caries prevention preceding treatment under general anaesthesia in healthy children and adolescents: a retrospective cohort study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2018; 19:99-105. [PMID: 29480502 PMCID: PMC5893663 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This was to examine healthy children and adolescents treated under general anaesthesia (GA) and a matched control group not receiving GA to compare treatment and preventive care received prior to GA treatment. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 71 healthy subjects and 213 age- and gender-matched control subjects. The treatment group had been consecutively referred from the Public Dental Health Service (PDS) in Stockholm to the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Eastman Institute, Stockholm during 2006-2007. Data was extracted from the patient records at the PDS, including variables such as number of dental visits, treatment/prophylaxis prior to GA, number of missed and cancelled appointments, and number of decayed teeth. RESULTS On average, the treatment group had significantly more decayed teeth (p < 0.001) than the control group. Furthermore, the treatment group had significantly more restorations (p < 0.01), had visited the dentist significantly more often (p < 0.001), and had undergone significantly more behaviour management treatment and preventive treatment (p < 0.001). In the treatment group 65% of the children and adolescents, had received no behaviour management treatment and 48%, no preventive treatment. CONCLUSIONS In the Stockholm PDS, over half of the children and adolescents referred by general dentists to paediatric specialists had no behaviour management treatment and nearly half, no preventive treatment, despite receiving significantly more operative treatment compared with matched controls. General dentists should target high caries-risk patients for additional behaviour management and preventive care to reduce the need for treatment under GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grindefjord
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Public Dental Health Services, Eastmaninstitutet, Dalagatan 11, 113 24, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center of Pediatric Oral Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Persson
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Public Dental Health Services, Eastmaninstitutet, Dalagatan 11, 113 24, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center of Pediatric Oral Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Jansson
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Health Services, Eastmaninstitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Tsilingaridis
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Public Dental Health Services, Eastmaninstitutet, Dalagatan 11, 113 24, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Center of Pediatric Oral Health, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Costa VPP, Correa MB, Goettems ML, Pinheiro RT, Demarco FF. Maternal depression and anxiety associated with dental fear in children: a cohort of adolescent mothers in Southern Brazil. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e85. [PMID: 29116297 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to maternal symptoms of depression/anxiety has long-term negative consequences for child development, regardless of the contextual risk. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of the symptomatology of persistent maternal depression and anxiety with child dental fear. This study was nested in a cohort of adolescent mothers in southern Brazil. Symptomatology of maternal depression and anxiety was assessed during pregnancy and postpartum, when the mothers' children were 24-36 months old, using Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory. The mothers answered a questionnaire to assess dental fear in their children, and to obtain socioeconomic and demographic data. Both mothers and their children were submitted to clinical oral examination (n= 540 dyads) to obtain oral health data. Multivariate hierarchical Poisson regression analysis was used to determine associations (p < 0.05). At data collection, the prevalence of maternal depressive symptoms was 39.1%, and anxiety was observed in 27.8% of the mothers, whereas 21.6% of the children presented dental fear. In the adjusted analysis, children's dental fear was positively associated with mothers' presenting depressive symptomatology and caries experience. The depression symptomatology trajectory was not associated with dental fear, whereas mothers with persistent symptoms of anxiety reported higher prevalence of dental fear toward their offspring. The findings of symptomatology of maternal depression observed at data collection and persistence of anxiety may negatively impact the child's perception of dental fear. Mothers are the main caregivers and primary models responsible for transmitting health-related behaviors; consequently, mental disorders affecting mothers may negatively impact their children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marília Leão Goettems
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tavares Pinheiro
- Universidade Católica de Pelotas - UCPel, Post-Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Silveira ERD, Goettems ML, Demarco FF, Azevedo MS. Clinical and Individual Variables in Children’s Dental Fear: A School-Based Investigation. Braz Dent J 2017; 28:398-404. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of dental fear and associated factors in schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 years old, in Pelotas, southern Brazil. Schoolchildren enrolled in 20 public and private schools were selected using a multi-stage sample design. Sociodemographic characteristics, children’s dental visit and oral hygiene habits were assessed by questionnaires. The Dental Anxiety Question was used to measure dental fear prevalence. Children’s clinical examination evaluated presence of dental caries (DMFT/dmft index) and gingival bleeding. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression with robust variance (prevalence ratio; 95% confidence interval). One thousand two hundred and two children were included. Dental fear prevalence was 24.6%. After the adjustment, girls [PR=1.71 (CI 95%: 1.31-2.22)], children from poorer families [PR=1.96 (CI 95%: 1.36-2.83)], those who had decayed teeth (D/d index>0)[PR=1.32 (CI 95%: 1.01-1.72), and who had never been at the dentist [PR=1.85 (CI 95%: 1.42-2.41) remained significantly associated with dental fear. The prevalence of dental fear indicates that it is a common problem among schoolchildren. Early dental care and dental caries prevention are important factors to prevent dental fear.
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Costa FS, Silveira ER, Pinto GS, Nascimento GG, Thomson WM, Demarco FF. Developmental defects of enamel and dental caries in the primary dentition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2017; 60:1-7. [PMID: 28347809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between developmental defects of enamel and dental caries in the primary dentition. SOURCES Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Scopus and Scielo for the identification of relevant studies. STUDY SELECTION Observational studies that examined the association between developmental defects of enamel and dental caries in the deciduous dentition were included. Additionally, meta-analysis, funnel plots and sensitivity analysis were employed to synthesize the available evidence. Multivariable meta-regression analysis was performed to explore heterogeneity among studies. DATA A total of 318 articles were identified in the electronic searches. Of those, 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled estimates revealed that children with developmental defects of enamel had higher odds of having dental caries (OR 3.32; 95%CI 2.41-4.57), with high heterogeneity between studies (I2 80%). Methodological characteristic of the studies, such as where it was conducted, the examined teeth and the quality of the study explained about 30% of the variability. Concerning type of defect, children with hypoplasia and diffuse opacities had higher odds of having dental caries (OR 4.28; 95%CI 2.24-8.15; OR1.42; 95%CI 1.15-1.76, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates a clear association between developmental defects of enamel and dental caries in the primary dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine S Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | - Ethieli R Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela S Pinto
- College in Dentistry, Faculdade Especializada na Área de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo G Nascimento
- Federal University of Pelotas and Section of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | | - Flávio F Demarco
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
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40
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Soares FC, Lima RA, de Barros MVG, Dahllöf G, Colares V. Development of dental anxiety in schoolchildren: A 2-year prospective study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2017; 45:281-288. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C. Soares
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry; Department of Pediatric Dentistry; University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry; Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Rodrigo A. Lima
- Center for Research in Childhood Health; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- CAPES Foundation; Ministry of Education of Brazil; Brasilia Brazil
| | | | - Göran Dahllöf
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry; Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Viviane Colares
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry; Department of Pediatric Dentistry; University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
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Schuch HS, Costa FDS, Torriani DD, Demarco FF, Goettems ML. Oral health-related quality of life of schoolchildren: impact of clinical and psychosocial variables. Int J Paediatr Dent 2015; 25:358-65. [PMID: 25047069 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides the clinical aspects, the patient's perspective of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) may be influenced by a series of individual characteristics. AIM The aim was to investigate the impact of clinical and psychosocial variables on the OHRQoL of Brazilian schoolchildren. DESIGN A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted with children of 8-10 year old attending public (15) and private (5) schools (n = 749). Questionnaires were applied to parents to obtain socioeconomic characteristics, and children were interviewed. Assessment of OHRQoL was performed using the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 8-10 (CPQ). Oral health examinations included periodontal condition, dental caries, dental trauma, and malocclusion assessment. Unadjusted analyses were undertaken using t-tests and one-way analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the effects of independent variables on CPQ scores. RESULTS Factors associated with higher CPQ scores in the linear regression analysis after adjustments were family income, presence of decayed teeth, self-reported dental trauma, dental fear, and dental pain. CONCLUSION Oral health-related quality of life was influenced by psychosocial and clinical variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dione Dias Torriani
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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42
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de Oliveira LJC, Torriani DD, Correa MB, Peres MA, Peres KG, Matijasevich A, dos Santos IDS, Barros AJ, Demarco FF, Tarquinio SBC. Oral mucosal lesions’ impact on oral health-related quality of life in preschool children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2015; 43:578-85. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dione Dias Torriani
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Federal University of Pelotas (PPGO-UFPel); Pelotas Brazil
| | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Federal University of Pelotas (PPGO-UFPel); Pelotas Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology; Federal University of Pelotas (PPGE-UFPel); Pelotas Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Peres
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH); The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Karen Glazer Peres
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH); The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology; Federal University of Pelotas (PPGE-UFPel); Pelotas Brazil
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Iná da Silva dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology; Federal University of Pelotas (PPGE-UFPel); Pelotas Brazil
| | - Aluisio J.D. Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology; Federal University of Pelotas (PPGE-UFPel); Pelotas Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Federal University of Pelotas (PPGO-UFPel); Pelotas Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology; Federal University of Pelotas (PPGE-UFPel); Pelotas Brazil
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Khawja SG, Arora R, Shah AH, Wyne AH, Sharma A. Maternal Dental Anxiety and its Effect on Caries Experience Among Children in Udaipur, India. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC42-5. [PMID: 26266216 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/13647.6103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dental caries is a common oral disease among children. There are various factors that influence caries development. Parents and family environment influence oral health behaviours among children. Dental Anxiety is a common hindrance in seeking dental treatment. Mothers' dental anxiety may act as a barrier to seek professional advice about their children's caries experience. AIM To evaluate dental anxiety among mothers and its possible relationship with caries experience in their children in Udaipur city, India. SETTING AND DESIGN The sample was selected from those attending Darshan Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur for dental treatment. The study period was from June 2014 to November 2014. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was designed. A total of 187 mother-child pairs were recruited for the study. The children's age ranged from 3-14 years. Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), Hindi version, was used to evaluate dental anxiety among the mothers that categorizes the dental anxiety into five levels. Demographic detail such as age, educational level, and family income was also collected. The World Health Organization (WHO) criteria was utilized for the diagnosis of dental caries in children. DMFT (Decayed, missing and filled teeth) and DMFS (Decayed, missing and filled surfaces) scores were then calculated. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 was used to interpret data. Maternal anxiety scores taken as mean MDAS were compared with various independent variables. Statistical tests were used to compare maternal anxiety and children's caries experience. A p value equal or less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Almost half (49.7%) of the mothers reported as being 'fairly anxious' or 'very anxious'. There was a significant (p=.001) difference in maternal dental anxiety level in relation to age of the children. Mothers of younger children reported higher anxiety scores. Similarly, mothers with lesser education and lesser family income reported higher anxiety scores. The mean decayed score in children of very anxious mothers and phobic mothers was significantly (p=.001) higher as compared to the children of the mothers with lower anxiety levels. CONCLUSION There was a strong positive association between maternal dental anxiety and children's dental caries experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Gulzar Khawja
- PG Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Darshan Dental College and Hospital , Loyra, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ruchi Arora
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Darshan Dental College and Hospital , Loyra, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Altaf Hussain Shah
- Faculty, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Salman bin Abdulaziz University , AlKharj, Saudi Arabia , Fellow Pacific Academy of Higher Education and Research (PAHER) University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amjad Hassan Wyne
- Professor and Director, Post Graduate Studies, Paediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University , Saudi Arabia
| | - Anshu Sharma
- Lecturer, Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Salman bin Abdulaziz University , AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
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Pinto GDS, Oliveira LJC, Romano AR, Schardosim LR, Bonow MLM, Pacce M, Correa MB, Demarco FF, Torriani DD. Longevity of posterior restorations in primary teeth: Results from a paediatric dental clinic. J Dent 2014; 42:1248-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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