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Raffin J, Rolland Y, Genoux A, Combes G, Croyal M, Perret B, Guyonnet S, Vellas B, Martinez LO, de Souto Barreto P. Associations between physical activity levels and ATPase inhibitory factor 1 concentrations in older adults. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:409-418. [PMID: 37748689 PMCID: PMC11116968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine triphosphatase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) is a key protein involved in energy metabolism. IF1 has been linked to various age-related diseases, although its relationship with physical activity (PA) remains unclear. Additionally, the apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), a PA-modulated lipoprotein, could play a role in this relationship because it shares a binding site with IF1 on the cell-surface ATP synthase. We examined here the associations between chronic PA and plasma IF1 concentrations among older adults, and we investigated whether apoA-I mediated these associations. METHODS In the present work, 1096 healthy adults (63.8% females) aged 70 years and over who were involved in the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial study were included. IF1 plasma concentrations (square root of ng/mL) were measured at the 1-year visit of the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial, while PA levels (square root of metabolic equivalent task min/week) were assessed using questionnaires administered each year from baseline to the 3-year visit. Multiple linear regressions were performed to investigate the associations between the first-year mean PA levels and IF1 concentrations. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether apoA-I mediated these associations. Mixed-effect linear regressions were carried out to investigate whether the 1-year visit IF1 concentrations predicted subsequent changes in PA. RESULTS Multiple linear regressions indicated that first-year mean PA levels were positively associated with IF1 concentrations (B = 0.021; SE = 0.010; p = 0.043). Mediation analyses revealed that about 37.7% of this relationship was mediated by apoA-I (Bab = 0.008; SE = 0.004; p = 0.023). Longitudinal investigations demonstrated that higher concentrations of IF1 at the 1-year visit predicted a faster decline in PA levels over the subsequent 2 years (time × IF1: B = -0.148; SE = 0.066; p = 0.025). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that regular PA is associated with plasma IF1 concentrations, and it suggests that apoA-I partly mediates this association. Additionally, this study finds that baseline concentrations of IF1 can predict future changes in PA. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Raffin
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France.
| | - Yves Rolland
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France; Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1295, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France
| | - Annelise Genoux
- LimitAging Team, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1297, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31432, France; Service de Biochimie, Pôle de biologie, Hôpital de Purpan, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31300, France
| | - Guillaume Combes
- LimitAging Team, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1297, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31432, France
| | - Mikael Croyal
- L'Institut du Thorax, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France; BioCore, US16, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Bonamy, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France; Plate-forme de spectrométrie de masse, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition HumaineOuest, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Bertrand Perret
- LimitAging Team, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1297, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31432, France; Service de Biochimie, Pôle de biologie, Hôpital de Purpan, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31300, France
| | - Sophie Guyonnet
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France; Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1295, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France; Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1295, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France
| | - Laurent O Martinez
- LimitAging Team, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1297, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31432, France.
| | - Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France; Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1295, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France
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Fung KYY, Ho TWW, Xu Z, Neculai D, Beauchemin CAA, Lee WL, Fairn GD. Apolipoprotein A1 and high-density lipoprotein limit low-density lipoprotein transcytosis by binding SR-B1. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100530. [PMID: 38479648 PMCID: PMC11004410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis results from the deposition and oxidation of LDL and immune cell infiltration in the sub-arterial space leading to arterial occlusion. Studies have shown that transcytosis transports circulating LDL across endothelial cells lining blood vessels. LDL transcytosis is initiated by binding to either scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1) or activin A receptor-like kinase 1 on the apical side of endothelial cells leading to its transit and release on the basolateral side. HDL is thought to partly protect individuals from atherosclerosis due to its ability to remove excess cholesterol and act as an antioxidant. Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), an HDL constituent, can bind to SR-B1, raising the possibility that APOA1/HDL can compete with LDL for SR-B1 binding, thereby limiting LDL deposition in the sub-arterial space. To examine this possibility, we used in vitro approaches to quantify the internalization and transcytosis of fluorescent LDL in coronary endothelial cells. Using microscale thermophoresis and affinity capture, we find that SR-B1 and APOA1 interact and that binding is enhanced when using the cardioprotective variant of APOA1 termed Milano (APOA1-Milano). In male mice, transiently increasing the levels of HDL reduced the acute deposition of fluorescently labeled LDL in the atheroprone inner curvature of the aorta. Reduced LDL deposition was also observed when increasing circulating wild-type APOA1 or the APOA1-Milano variant, with a more robust inhibition from the APOA1-Milano. The results suggest that HDL may limit SR-B1-mediated LDL transcytosis and deposition, adding to the mechanisms by which it can act as an atheroprotective particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Y Y Fung
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tse Wing Winnie Ho
- Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zizhen Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Pathology Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dante Neculai
- Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Pathology Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Catherine A A Beauchemin
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS) program, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Warren L Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Gregory D Fairn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Li S, Xie X, Zeng X, Wang S, Lan J. Association between serum albumin to serum creatinine ratio and mortality risk in patients with heart failure. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:2345-2355. [PMID: 37710402 PMCID: PMC10651659 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum albumin to serum creatinine ratio (sACR) and the prognosis of heart failure (HF). In this single-center prospective cohort study, a total of 2625 patients with HF were enrolled between March 2012 and June 2017. All patients were divided into three groups according to the tertiles of sACR. Of 2625 patients, the mean age was 57.0 ± 14.3 years. During a median follow-up time of 23 months, 666 end point events occurred. Prognosis analysis indicated that the lowest sACR was significantly associated with higher mortality risk of HF (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.920, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.585-2.326, p < 0.001) when compared with the highest tertile. After adjusting for covariates including age, gender, diabetes, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin, and β-blocker use, the HRs for mortality risk of HF was 1.513 (95% CI = 1.070-2.139, p = 0.019). Subgroup analysis indicated that the mortality risk of HF statistically significantly reduced with the rise in sACR in patients with no β-blocker use, patients with serum creatine less than 97 μmol/L. However, stratification by age, sex, history of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, level of glycosylated hemoglobin, and albumin have no obvious effect on the association between sACR and the prognosis of HF. Additionally, patients with lower sACR displayed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter. The discriminant power of sACR alone and in combination with age, gender, SBP, heart rate, and glycosylated hemoglobin were excellent with C statistic of 0.655 and 0.889, respectively. Lower sACR was an independent risk factor for mortality risk of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Li
- Division of CardiologyPanzhihua Central HospitalPanzhihuaChina
- Panzhihua Central Hospital affiliated to Dali UniversityYunnanChina
| | - Xiaoshuang Xie
- Division of CardiologyPanzhihua Central HospitalPanzhihuaChina
| | - Xiaobin Zeng
- Division of CardiologyPanzhihua Central HospitalPanzhihuaChina
| | - Shihai Wang
- Division of CardiologyPanzhihua Central HospitalPanzhihuaChina
| | - Jianjun Lan
- Division of CardiologyPanzhihua Central HospitalPanzhihuaChina
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Namba N, Ohgita T, Tamagaki-Asahina H, Nishitsuji K, Shimanouchi T, Sato T, Saito H. Amyloidogenic 60-71 deletion/ValThr insertion mutation of apolipoprotein A-I generates a new aggregation-prone segment that promotes nucleation through entropic effects. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18514. [PMID: 37898709 PMCID: PMC10613298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The N-terminal fragment of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), comprising residues 1-83, contains three segments prone to aggregation: residues 14-22, 53-58, and 67-72. We previously demonstrated that residues 14-22 are critical in apoA-I fibril formation while residues 53-58 entropically drove the nucleation process. Here, we investigated the impact of amyloidogenic mutations (Δ60-71/VT, Δ70-72, and F71Y) located around residues 67-72 on fibril formation by the apoA-I 1-83 fragment. Thioflavin T fluorescence assay demonstrated that the Δ60-71/VT mutation significantly enhances both nucleation and fibril elongation rates, whereas the Δ70-72 and F71Y mutations had minimal effects. Circular dichroism measurements and microscopic observations revealed that all variant fragments formed straight fibrils, transitioning from random coils to β-sheet structures. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that primary nucleation is the dominant step in fibril formation, with fibril elongation reaching saturation at high protein concentrations. Thermodynamically, both nucleation and fibril elongation were enthalpically and entropically unfavorable in all apoA-I 1-83 variants, in which the entropic barrier of nucleation was almost eliminated for the Δ60-71/VT variant. Taken together, our results suggest the presence of new aggregation-prone segment in the Δ60-71/VT variant that promotes nucleation through entropic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Namba
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohgita
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tamagaki-Asahina
- Division of Liberal Arts Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Kazuchika Nishitsuji
- Department of Biochemistry, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Toshinori Shimanouchi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Division of Liberal Arts Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saito
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan.
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Chen X, Jin H, Wang D, Liu J, Qin Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xiang Q. Serum creatinine levels, traditional cardiovascular risk factors and 10-year cardiovascular risk in Chinese patients with hypertension. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1140093. [PMID: 37008918 PMCID: PMC10060819 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1140093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum creatinine is associated with cardiovascular risk and cardiovascular events, however, the relationship between serum creatinine levels and cardiovascular risk is not well established in hypertensive population in Jiangsu Province. We aimed to evaluate the association of serum creatinine levels with traditional cardiovascular risk factors and 10-year cardiovascular risk in a Chinese hypertensive population. METHODS Participants were patients with hypertension registered and enrolled in health service centers in 5 counties or districts from January 2019 to May 2020 in Jiangsu Province of China followed strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, demographics as well as clinical indicators and disease history and lifestyle were collected. Participants were divided into four groups according to quartiles of serum creatinine levels, then the China-PAR model was used to calculate 10-year cardiovascular risk for each individual. RESULTS A total of 9978 participants were enrolled in this study, 4173(41.82%) were males. The blood pressure level and prevalence of dyslipidemia, elderly, current smokers and drinking as well as obesity were higher in the Q4 group than the Q1 group (all P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression showed that serum creatinine in the Q4 group compared with that in the Q1 group was positively associated with overweight and obesity (OR=1.432, 95% CI 1.237-1.658, P<0.001), while negatively associated with physical activity (OR=0.189, 95%CI 0.165-0.217, P<0.001), and so on. Multiple linear regression showed 10-year cardiovascular risk is positively associated with serum creatinine levels after adjusting for multiple risk factors (β=0.432, P< 0.001). CONCLUSION Serum creatinine was associated with several traditional cardiovascular risk factors and the 10-year cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients. Creatinine-reduction and kidney-sparing therapy are essential for patients with hypertension to optimize control of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Jin
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Quanyong Xiang, ; Yuqing Zhang,
| | - Quanyong Xiang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Quanyong Xiang, ; Yuqing Zhang,
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Adorni MP, Palumbo M, Marchi C, Zimetti F, Ossoli A, Turri M, Bernini F, Hollan I, Moláček J, Treska V, Ronda N. HDL metabolism and functions impacting on cell cholesterol homeostasis are specifically altered in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935241. [PMID: 36172376 PMCID: PMC9510680 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe etiopathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is still unclarified, but vascular inflammation and matrix metalloproteases activation have a recognized role in AAA development and progression. Circulating lipoproteins are involved in tissue inflammation and repair, particularly through the regulation of intracellular cholesterol, whose excess is associated to cell damage and proinflammatory activation. We analyzed lipoprotein metabolism and function in AAA and in control vasculopathic patients, to highlight possible non-atherosclerosis-related, specific abnormalities.MethodsWe measured fluorometrically serum esterified/total cholesterol ratio, as an index of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity in patients referred to vascular surgery either for AAA (n=30) or stenotic aortic/peripheral atherosclerosis (n=21) having similar burden of cardiovascular risk factors and disease. We measured high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), through the ATP-binding cassette G1 (ABCG1) and A1 (ABCA1) pathways and serum cell cholesterol loading capacity (CLC), by radioisotopic and fluorimetric methods, respectively.ResultsWe found higher LCAT (+23%; p < 0.0001) and CETP (+49%; p < 0.0001) activity in AAA sera. HDL ABCG1-CEC was lower (−16%; p < 0.001) and ABCA1-CEC was higher (+31.7%; p < 0.0001) in AAA. Stratification suggests that smoking may partly contribute to these modifications. CEC and CETP activity correlated with CLC only in AAA.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that compared to patients with stenotic atherosclerosis, patients with AAA had altered HDL metabolism and functions involved in their anti-inflammatory and tissue repair activity, particularly through the ABCG1-related intracellular signaling. Clarifying the relevance of this mechanism for AAA evolution might help in developing new diagnostic parameters and therapeutic targets for the early management of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Adorni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/F, Parma, Italy
| | - Marcella Palumbo
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Zimetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma, Italy
| | - Alice Ossoli
- Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Turri
- Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Franco Bernini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma, Italy
- *Correspondence: Franco Bernini,
| | - Ivana Hollan
- Lillehammer Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, M. Grundtvigs veg 6, Lillehammer, Norway and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Cardiology Division, Boston, United States
| | - Jiří Moláček
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Plzen, Charles University Ovocný trh 5 Prague 1, Plzen, Czechia
| | - Vladislav Treska
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Plzen, Charles University Ovocný trh 5 Prague 1, Plzen, Czechia
| | - Nicoletta Ronda
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma, Italy
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Noveir SD, Kerman BE, Xian H, Meuret C, Smadi S, Martinez AE, Johansson J, Zetterberg H, Parks BA, Kuklenyik Z, Mack WJ, Johansson JO, Yassine HN. Effect of the ABCA1 agonist CS-6253 on amyloid-β and lipoprotein metabolism in cynomolgus monkeys. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:87. [PMID: 35751102 PMCID: PMC9229758 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inducing brain ATP-binding cassette 1 (ABCA1) activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models is associated with improvement in AD pathology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the ABCA1 agonist peptide CS-6253 on amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) and lipoproteins in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of cynomolgus monkeys, a species with amyloid and lipoprotein metabolism similar to humans. METHODS CS-6253 peptide was injected intravenously into cynomolgus monkeys at various doses in three different studies. Plasma and CSF samples were collected at several time points before and after treatment. Levels of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), lipoprotein particles, apolipoproteins, and Aβ were measured using ELISA, ion-mobility analysis, and asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation (AF4). The relationship between the change in levels of these biomarkers was analyzed using multiple linear regression models and linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS Following CS-6253 intravenous injection, within minutes, small plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were increased. In two independent experiments, plasma TG, apolipoprotein E (apoE), and Aβ42/40 ratio were transiently increased following CS-6253 intravenous injection. This change was associated with a non-significant decrease in CSF Aβ42. Both plasma total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels were reduced following treatment. AF4 fractionation revealed that CS-6253 treatment displaced apoE from HDL to intermediate-density- and low density-lipoprotein (IDL/LDL)-sized particles in plasma. In contrast to plasma, CS-6253 had no effect on the assessed CSF apolipoproteins or lipids. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with the ABCA1 agonist CS-6253 appears to favor Aβ clearance from the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan D Noveir
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Bilal E Kerman
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Haotian Xian
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Cristiana Meuret
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Sabrina Smadi
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Ashley E Martinez
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bryan A Parks
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | | | - Wendy J Mack
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | | | - Hussein N Yassine
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Yu XH, Tang CK. ABCA1, ABCG1, and Cholesterol Homeostasis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1377:95-107. [PMID: 35575923 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-1592-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a major component of mammalian cell membranes and plays important structural and functional roles. However, excessive cholesterol accumulation is toxic to cells and constitutes the molecular basis for many diseases, especially atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Thus, cellular cholesterol is tightly regulated to maintain a homeostasis. Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is thought to be one primary pathway to eliminate excessive cholesterol from the body. The first and rate-limiting step of RCT is ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transports A1 (ABCA1)- and ABCG1-dependent cholesterol efflux. In the process, ABCA1 mediates initial transport of cellular cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) for forming nascent high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, and ABCG1 facilitates subsequent continued cholesterol efflux to HDL for further maturation. In this chapter, we summarize the roles of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in maintaining cellular cholesterol homoeostasis and discuss the underlying mechanisms by which they mediate cholesterol export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
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Hafiane A, Gianopoulos I, Sorci-Thomas MG, Daskalopoulou SS. Current models of apolipoprotein A-I lipidation by adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter A1. Curr Opin Lipidol 2022; 33:139-145. [PMID: 34581311 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The primary cardioprotective function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is to remove excess cellular free cholesterol (FC) from peripheral tissues and deliver it to the liver. Here, we summarize recent research that examines apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) lipidation models by adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and discuss its relevance in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). RECENT FINDINGS The first step in HDL formation involves the interaction between apoA-I and ABCA1, where ABCA1 mediates the removal of FC and phospholipids from lipid-laden macrophages to form discoidal nascent HDL (nHDL). However, there are currently no clear-cut systematic models that characterize HDL formation. A number of recent studies have investigated the importance of apoA-I C- and N-terminal domains required for optimal cholesterol efflux and nHDL production. Furthermore, functional ABCA1 is required for direct or indirect binding to apoA-I where ABCA1 dimer-monomer interconversion facilitates apoA-I lipidation from plasma membrane microdomains. Microparticles are also another lipid source for apoA-I solubilization into nHDL. SUMMARY ApoA-I and ABCA1 are key factors in macrophage-mediated cholesterol efflux and nHDL production. Understanding of the key steps in HDL formation may unlock the therapeutic potential of HDL and improve clinical management of ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Hafiane
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ioanna Gianopoulos
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mary G Sorci-Thomas
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Stella S Daskalopoulou
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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10
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Kockx M, Roberts L, Wang J, Tran C, Brown MA, Kritharides L. Effects of pre-eclampsia on HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity after pregnancy. ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS 2022; 48:12-19. [PMID: 36644562 PMCID: PMC9833242 DOI: 10.1016/j.athplu.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with life-long increased risk of cardiovascular disease. One of the main protective functions of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is its role in reverse cholesterol transport. HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is decreased during pregnancy in women with PE. Whether this persists postpartum is unknown. Methods Basal and transporter-specific CEC were determined 6 months postpartum in women who had a normotensive (n = 44) or a PE (n = 42) pregnancy. CEC was also measured in 23 normotensive and 20 PE women for whom samples were collected 24 months postpartum. Basal, ATP-binding cassette transporter-A1 (ABCA1)- and -G1 (ABCG1)-specific CEC were primarily determined using Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing human ABCA1 or ABCG1, and were also assessed using a J774 mouse macrophage cell line. Results ABCA1-specific CEC was significantly lower in women who had PE 6 months postpartum (0.57 ± 0.1 vs 0.53 ± 0.08; p < 0.05), whilst basal and ABCG1-specific efflux were not significantly different. cAMP-specific CEC in J774 cells was also lower 6 months after PE (0.85 ± 0.21 vs 0.75 ± 0.25, p < 0.05). Although apoA-I, apoE, plasminogen and PON-1 levels were not significantly different in women who had PE compared with controls, ABCA1 efflux did correlate with apoA-l, HDL-C and apoE levels after a normal, and with apoA-l and HDL-C levels after a PE pregnancy. ABCA1-specific efflux decreased in all women between 6 and 24 months postpartum, by 11 ± 1.6% in women who had a normotensive pregnancy and 9 ± 1.3% in women who had PE. After adjustment for apoA-I levels, there was no significant difference in ABCA1-specific efflux between the groups at 6 months postpartum and in normotensive women over time, but remained significantly different between 6 and 24 months in women who had PE. Conclusions ABCA1-mediated CEC is impaired 6 months postpartum after a PE pregnancy and decreases thereafter in both normotensive and PE pregnancies. ABCA1-mediated efflux is dynamic after pregnancy but is unlikely to explain the long-term increased CVD risk in women with PE.
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Key Words
- ABCA1, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1
- ABCG1, ATP-binding cassette transporter G1
- BMI, body mass index
- CEC, cholesterol efflux capacity
- CHO, Chinese Hamster Ovary
- CVD
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Cholesterol efflux capacity
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- LDL, Low-density lipoprotein
- PE, preeclampsia
- PON1, paraoxonase 1
- Preeclampsia
- RCT, reverse cholesterol transport
- apo, apolipoprotein
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Kockx
- Atherosclerosis Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia,Corresponding author.
| | - Lynne Roberts
- Women's and Children's Health, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, Sydney, Australia,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Wang
- Atherosclerosis Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Collin Tran
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark A. Brown
- Department of Renal Medicine, St. George Hospital and Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Leonard Kritharides
- Atherosclerosis Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia,Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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11
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Martin M, Gaete L, Tetzlaff W, Ferraro F, Lozano Chiappe E, Botta EE, Osta V, Saez MS, Lorenzon Gonzalez MV, Palenque P, Ballerini G, Sorroche P, Boero L, Triffone L, Brites F. Vascular inflammation and impaired reverse cholesterol transport and lipid metabolism in obese children and adolescents. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:258-268. [PMID: 34895801 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Childhood obesity is associated to complications such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. High density lipoproteins (HDL) constitute the only lipoprotein fraction with ateroprotective properties. The aim of the present study was to analyze inflammatory markers, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid profile and HDL functionality in obese children and adolescents compared to healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty obese children and adolescents (Body mass index z score >3.0) (9-15 years old) and 20 age and sex similar controls were included in the study. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C, apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and B, glucose and insulin levels were quantified. Lipid indexes and HOMA-IR were calculated. Cholesterol efflux (CEC), lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein, plus paraoxonase and arylesterase (ARE) activities were evaluated. Obese children and adolescents showed significantly higher TG [69 (45-95) vs 96 (76-121); p < 0.05], non-HDL-C [99 ± 34 vs 128 ± 26; p < 0.01], TC/HDL-C [2.8 ± 0.6 vs 4.7 ± 1.5; p < 0.01], TG/HDL-C [1.1 (1.0-1.8) vs 2,2 (1.4-3.2); p < 0.01], and HOMA-IR [1.5 (1.1-1.9) vs. 2.6 (2.0-4.5); p < 0.01] values, plus Lp-PLA2 activity [8.3 ± 1.9 vs 7.1 ± 1.7 umol/ml.h; p < 0,05] in addition to lower HDL-C [57 ± 10 vs 39 ± 9; p < 0.01], apo A-I [143 ± 25 vs 125 ± 19; p < 0.05], and CEC [6.4 (5.1-6.8) vs. 7.8 (5.7-9.5); p < 0.01] plus LCAT [12.6 ± 3.3 vs 18.7 ± 2.6; p < 0.05] and ARE [96 ± 19 vs. 110 ± 19; p < 0.05] activities. Lp-PLA2 activity correlated with LDL-C (r = 0.72,p < 0.01), non-HDL-C (r = 0.76,p < 0.01), and apo B (r = 0.60,p < 0.01). LCAT activity correlated with triglycerides (r = -0.78,p < 0.01), HDL-C (r = 0.64,p < 0.01), and apo A-I (r = 0.62, p < 0.05). ARE activity correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.32,p < 0.05) and apoA-I (r = 0.43,p < 0.01). CEC was negatively associated with BMI z-score (r = -0.36,p < 0.05), and triglycerides (r = -0.28,p < 0.05), and positively with LCAT activity (r = 0.65,p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, BMI z-score was the only parameter significantly associated to CEC (r2 = 0.43, beta = -0.38, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The obese group showed alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which were associated to the presence of vascular specific inflammation and impairment of HDL atheroprotective capacity. These children and adolescents would present qualitative alterations in their lipoproteins which would determine higher risk of suffering premature cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Martin
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Laura Gaete
- Servicio de Nutrición y Diabetes, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Walter Tetzlaff
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Ferraro
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Lozano Chiappe
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana E Botta
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana Osta
- Laboratorio Central, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria S Saez
- Laboratorio Central, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Patricia Palenque
- Servicio de Nutrición y Diabetes, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Ballerini
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Laura Boero
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana Triffone
- Servicio de Nutrición y Diabetes, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Brites
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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12
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Schrijver DP, Dreu A, Hofstraat SRJ, Kluza E, Zwolsman R, Deckers J, Anbergen T, Bruin K, Trines MM, Nugraha EG, Ummels F, Röring RJ, Beldman TJ, Teunissen AJP, Fayad ZA, Meel R, Mulder WJM. Nanoengineering Apolipoprotein A1‐Based Immunotherapeutics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David P. Schrijver
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Anne Dreu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Stijn R. J. Hofstraat
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Ewelina Kluza
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Robby Zwolsman
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Deckers
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Tom Anbergen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Koen Bruin
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Mirre M. Trines
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Eveline G. Nugraha
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Floor Ummels
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Rutger J. Röring
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious diseases (RCI) Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Nijmegen 6525 GA The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J. Beldman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious diseases (RCI) Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Nijmegen 6525 GA The Netherlands
| | - Abraham J. P. Teunissen
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10029‐6574 USA
| | - Zahi A. Fayad
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10029‐6574 USA
| | - Roy Meel
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Willem J. M. Mulder
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious diseases (RCI) Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Nijmegen 6525 GA The Netherlands
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13
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Pullinger CR, O’Connor PM, Naya‐Vigne JM, Kunitake ST, Movsesyan I, Frost PH, Malloy MJ, Kane JP. Levels of Prebeta-1 High-Density Lipoprotein Are a Strong Independent Positive Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease and Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e018381. [PMID: 33728928 PMCID: PMC8174380 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background We previously showed that levels of prebeta-1 high-density lipoprotein (HDL), the principal acceptor of cholesterol effluxed from cells, including artery wall macrophages, are positively associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI) risk. Methods and Results In a multiethnic follow-up cohort of 1249 individuals from University of California-San Francisco clinics, we determined the degree to which prebeta-1 HDL levels, both absolute and percentage of apolipoprotein AI, are associated with CHD and history of MI. Independent, strong, positive associations were found. Meta-analysis revealed for the absolute prebeta-1 HDL for the top tertile versus the lowest, unadjusted odds ratios of 1.90 (95% CI, 1.40-2.58) for CHD and 1.79 (95% CI, 1.35-2.36) for MI. For CHD, adjusting for established risk factors, the top versus bottom tertiles, quintiles, and deciles yielded sizable odds ratios of 2.37 (95% CI, 1.74-3.25, P<0.001), 3.20 (95% CI, 2.07-4.94, P<0.001), and 4.00 (95% CI, 2.11-7.58, P<0.001), respectively. Men and women were analyzed separately in a combined data set of 2507 individuals. The odds ratios for CHD and MI risk were similar. Higher levels of prebeta-1 HDL were associated with all 5 metabolic syndrome features. Addition of prebeta-1 HDL to these 5 features resulted in significant improvements in risk-prediction models. Conclusions Analysis of 2507 subjects showed conclusively that levels of prebeta-1 HDL are strongly associated with a history of CHD or MI, independently of traditional risk factors. Addition of prebeta-1 HDL can significantly improve clinical assessment of risk of CHD and MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive R. Pullinger
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
- Department of Physiological NursingUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
| | | | | | - Steven T. Kunitake
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
| | - Irina Movsesyan
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
| | - Philip H. Frost
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
| | - Mary J. Malloy
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
| | - John P. Kane
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
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14
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Tárraga WA, Falomir-Lockhart LJ, Garda HA, González MC. Analysis of pyrene-labelled apolipoprotein A-I oligomerization in solution: Spectra deconvolution and changes in P-value and excimer formation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 699:108748. [PMID: 33444627 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
ApoA-I is the main protein of HDL which has anti-atherogenic properties attributed to reverse cholesterol transport. It shares with other exchangeable apolipoproteins a high level of structural plasticity. In the lipid-free state, the apolipoprotein amphipathic α-helices interact intra- and inter-molecularly, providing structural stabilization by a complex self-association mechanism. In this study, we employed a multi-parametric fluorescent probe to study the self-association of apoA-I. We constructed six single cysteine mutants spanning positions along three helices: F104C, K107C (H4), K133C, L137C (H5), F225C and K226C (H10); and labelled them with N-Maleimide Pyrene. Taking advantage of its spectral properties, namely formation of an excited dimer (excimer) and polarity-dependent changes in its fluorescence fine structure (P-value), we monitored the apoA-I self-association in its lipid-free form as a function of its concentration. Interactions in helices H5 (K133C) and H10 (F225C and K226C) were highlighted by excimer emission; while polarity changes were reported in helix H4 (K107C), as well as in helices H5 and H10. Mathematical models were developed to enrich data analysis and estimate association constants (KA) and oligomeric species distribution. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the usefulness of the multi-parametric fluorescent probe to monitor different equilibria, even at a single labelling position. Results suggest that apoA-I self-association must be considered to fully understand its physiological roles. Particularly, some contacts that stabilize discoidal HDL particles seem to be already present in the lipid-free apoA-I oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson A Tárraga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímica de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico-La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Lisandro J Falomir-Lockhart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímica de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico-La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 y 115 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Horacio A Garda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímica de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico-La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Marina C González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímica de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico-La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
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15
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Montarello NJ, Nelson AJ, Verjans J, Nicholls SJ, Psaltis PJ. The role of intracoronary imaging in translational research. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:1480-1507. [PMID: 33224769 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a key public health concern worldwide and leading cause of morbidity, mortality and health economic costs. Understanding atherosclerotic plaque microstructure in relation to molecular mechanisms that underpin its initiation and progression is needed to provide the best chance of combating this disease. Evolving vessel wall-based, endovascular coronary imaging modalities, including intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), used in isolation or as hybrid modalities, have been advanced to allow comprehensive visualization of the pathological substrate of coronary atherosclerosis and accurately measure temporal changes in both the vessel wall and plaque characteristics. This has helped further our appreciation of the natural history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), evaluate the responsiveness to conventional and experimental therapeutic interventions, and assist in guiding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Here we review the use of different imaging modalities for these purposes and the lessons they have provided thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Montarello
- Department of Cardiology, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Adam J Nelson
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Johan Verjans
- Department of Cardiology, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- Department of Cardiology, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
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16
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Chiappe EL, Martin M, Molli AI, Millan A, Tetzlaff W, Botta E, Ferraro F, Sáez MS, Lorenzon Gonzalez MV, Boero L, Sorroche P, Beskow A, Gutierrez M, Cerrone G, Gutt S, Frechtel G, Brites F. Effect of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Lipoprotein Metabolism and Markers of HDL Functionality in Morbid Obese Patients. Obes Surg 2020; 31:1092-1098. [PMID: 33128217 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-05076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Morbid obesity represents the most severe form of obesity and surgical intervention would be its only successful treatment. Bariatric surgery could generate modifications in carbohydrate metabolism and in lipid profile plus lipoprotein-associated proteins and enzymes, such as lipoprotein-associated phoslipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), and paraoxonase (PON) 1. The aim of the present study was to analyze changes in inflammation markers, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid parameters in patients who underwent bariatric surgery. METHODS Thirty-seven patients with morbid obesity were recruited. Evaluations were performed before (T0) and 1 (T1) and 6 (T2) months after surgery. Glucose, insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins (apo) A-I, and B plus Interleukin 1β and 6 levels in addition to CETP, Lp-PLA2, and PON 1 activities were determined. RESULTS Body mass index decreased at T1 and T2 (p < 0.01). An improvement in all markers of insulin resistance (p < 0.05) was observed at T1. hsCRP levels diminished at T2 (p < 0.05). Triglyceride levels decreased at T1 and T2 (p < 0.05). HDL-C and apo A-I showed a decrease at T1 which was completely reversed at T2 (p < 0.05). Lp-PLA2 activity increased at T1, which was reversed at T2 (p < 0.05), and CETP activity was diminished at T2 (p < 0.05). PON and ARE activities decreased at T1 and partially recovered at T2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results would be indicative of a favorable effect of bariatric surgery on markers of carbohydrate metabolism and cardiovascular disease lipid risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Lozano Chiappe
- Laboratorio de Lipidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Martin
- Laboratorio de Lipidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrea Iglesias Molli
- Laboratorio de Genetica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Millan
- Laboratorio de Genetica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Walter Tetzlaff
- Laboratorio de Lipidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Botta
- Laboratorio de Lipidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Ferraro
- Laboratorio de Lipidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria S Sáez
- Laboratorio Central, Hospital italiano de Buenos Aires, Pres. Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, C1199 ABH, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria V Lorenzon Gonzalez
- Laboratorio Central, Hospital italiano de Buenos Aires, Pres. Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, C1199 ABH, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Boero
- Laboratorio de Lipidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Sorroche
- Laboratorio Central, Hospital italiano de Buenos Aires, Pres. Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, C1199 ABH, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Axel Beskow
- Servicio de Clinica Médica, Sección Nutrición, Hospital italiano de Buenos Aires, Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, C1199 ABH, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Gutierrez
- Servicio de Clinica Médica, Sección Nutrición, Hospital italiano de Buenos Aires, Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, C1199 ABH, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gloria Cerrone
- Laboratorio de Genetica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Gutt
- Servicio de Clinica Médica, Sección Nutrición, Hospital italiano de Buenos Aires, Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, C1199 ABH, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Frechtel
- Laboratorio de Genetica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Brites
- Laboratorio de Lipidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, C1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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17
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Townsend DJ, Middleton DA, Ashton L. Raman Spectroscopy with 2D Perturbation Correlation Moving Windows for the Characterization of Heparin-Amyloid Interactions. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13822-13828. [PMID: 32935978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown extensively that glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-protein interactions can induce, accelerate, and impede the clearance of amyloid fibrils associated with systemic and localized amyloidosis. Obtaining molecular details of these interactions is fundamental to our understanding of amyloid disease. Consequently, there is a need for analytical approaches that can identify protein conformational transitions and simultaneously characterize heparin interactions. By combining Raman spectroscopy with two-dimensional (2D) perturbation correlation moving window (2DPCMW) analysis, we have successfully identified changes in protein secondary structure during pH- and heparin-induced fibril formation of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) associated with atherosclerosis. Furthermore, from the 2DPCMW, we have identified peak shifts and intensity variations in Raman peaks arising from different heparan sulfate moieties, indicating that protein-heparin interactions vary at different heparin concentrations. Raman spectroscopy thus reveals new mechanistic insights into the role of GAGs during amyloid fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Townsend
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - David A Middleton
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna Ashton
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
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18
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Chétiveaux M, Croyal M, Ouguerram K, Fall F, Flet L, Zair Y, Nobecourt E, Krempf M. Effect of fasting and feeding on apolipoprotein A-I kinetics in preβ 1-HDL, α-HDL, and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15585. [PMID: 32973209 PMCID: PMC7519065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the kinetics of apolipoprotein (apo)A-I during fed and fasted states in humans, and to determine to what extent the intestine contributes to apoA-I production. A stable isotope study was conducted to determine the kinetics of apoA-I in preβ1 high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and α-HDL. Six healthy male subjects received a constant intravenous infusion of 2H3-leucine for 14 h. Subjects in the fed group also received small hourly meals. Blood samples were collected hourly during tracer infusion and then daily for 4 days. Tracer enrichments were measured by mass spectrometry and then fitted to a compartmental model using asymptotic plateau of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) apoB100 and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) apoB48 as estimates of hepatic and intestinal precursor pools, respectively. The clearance rate of preβ1-HDL-apoA-I was lower in fed individuals compared with fasted subjects (p < 0.05). No other differences in apoA-I production or clearance rates were observed between the groups. No significant correlation was observed between plasma apoC-III concentrations and apoA-I kinetic data. In contrast, HDL-apoC-III was inversely correlated with the conversion of α-HDL to preβ1-HDL. Total apoA-I synthesis was not significantly increased in fed subjects. Hepatic production was not significantly different between the fed group (17.17 ± 2.75 mg/kg/day) and the fasted group (18.67 ± 1.69 mg/kg/day). Increase in intestinal apoA-I secretion in fed subjects was 2.20 ± 0.61 mg/kg/day. The HDL-apoA-I kinetics were similar in the fasted and fed groups, with 13% of the total apoA-I originating from the intestine with feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikaël Croyal
- CRNH-O Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France. .,NUN, INRA, CHU Nantes, UMR 1280, PhAN, IMAD, CRNH-O, IRS-UN-Spectrométrie de Masse-8, quai Moncousu, 44000, Nantes, France.
| | - Khadija Ouguerram
- CRNH-O Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France.,NUN, INRA, CHU Nantes, UMR 1280, PhAN, IMAD, CRNH-O, IRS-UN-Spectrométrie de Masse-8, quai Moncousu, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Fanta Fall
- CRNH-O Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Flet
- Pharmacy Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Yassine Zair
- CRNH-O Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France
| | - Estelle Nobecourt
- CRNH-O Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France.,Nephrology Department, CHU Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Michel Krempf
- CRNH-O Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France.,Clinique Bretéché, Groupe Elsan, Nantes, France
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19
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Ciccone L, Shi C, di Lorenzo D, Van Baelen AC, Tonali N. The Positive Side of the Alzheimer's Disease Amyloid Cross-Interactions: The Case of the Aβ 1-42 Peptide with Tau, TTR, CysC, and ApoA1. Molecules 2020; 25:E2439. [PMID: 32456156 PMCID: PMC7288020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a progressive amyloidogenic disorder whose advancement is widely recognized to be connected to amyloid-β peptides and Tau aggregation. However, several other processes likely contribute to the development of AD and some of them might be related to protein-protein interactions. Amyloid aggregates usually contain not only single type of amyloid protein, but also other type of proteins and this phenomenon can be rationally explained by the process of protein cross-seeding and co-assembly. Amyloid cross-interaction is ubiquitous in amyloid fibril formation and so a better knowledge of the amyloid interactome could help to further understand the mechanisms of amyloid related diseases. In this review, we discuss about the cross-interactions of amyloid-β peptides, and in particular Aβ1-42, with other amyloids, which have been presented either as integrated part of Aβ neurotoxicity process (such as Tau) or conversely with a preventive role in AD pathogenesis by directly binding to Aβ (such as transthyretin, cystatin C and apolipoprotein A1). Particularly, we will focus on all the possible therapeutic strategies aiming to rescue the Aβ toxicity by taking inspiration from these protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chenghui Shi
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 5, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.S.); (D.d.L.)
| | - Davide di Lorenzo
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 5, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.S.); (D.d.L.)
| | - Anne-Cécile Van Baelen
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), CEA, INRAE, Université Paris Saclay, SIMoS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Nicolo Tonali
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 5, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.S.); (D.d.L.)
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20
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Tanaka M, Miyake H, Oka S, Maeda S, Iwasaki K, Mukai T. Effects of charged lipids on the physicochemical and biological properties of lipid–styrene maleic acid copolymer discoidal particles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Anthocyanin supplementation at different doses improves cholesterol efflux capacity in subjects with dyslipidemia-a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:345-354. [PMID: 32317748 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0609-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Numerous clinical trials have confirmed that supplementation with purified anthocyanins has favorable effects on metabolic diseases, but the dose-response of dyslipidemia to anthocyanin supplementation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of anthocyanin supplementation in different doses on lipid profile. SUBJECTS/METHODS We randomly assigned 176 dyslipidemic subjects aged 35-70 to three purified anthocyanin groups (40 mg/day, n = 45; 80 mg/day, n = 42; 320 mg/day, n = 43) and a placebo group (n = 46). Anthropometric parameters, serum lipid profiles, and cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) were measured at baseline, and at the end of 6 and 12 weeks. RESULTS After 12 weeks of supplementation, significant differences in CEC (P = 0.033), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.043), and apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) (P = 0.022) were observed between four groups. Compared with placebo, 320 mg/day anthocyanin significantly increased CEC (35.8%, 95% CI: 11.5-60.2%; P = 0.004), HDL-C (0.07 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.01-0.14; P = 0.003), and ApoA-I (0.07 g/L, 95% CI: 0.01-0.12; P = 0.008). Linear trend analysis showed that anthocyanin supplementation has a strong dose-response relationship with CEC (P = 0.002), HDL-C (P = 0.038), and ApoA-I (P = 0.023). Moreover, the enhancement of CEC showed positive correlations with the increase in HDL-C (r = 0.215, P < 0.01) and APOA-I (r = 0.327, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Anthocyanin supplementation at 0-320 mg/day for 12 weeks enhances CEC in a dose-response manner in dyslipidemic subjects. Anthocyanin supplementation doses of 80-320 mg/day can improve serum HDL-C levels and HDL-induced CEC.
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22
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Bagheri B, Radmard N, Faghani-Makrani A, Rasouli M. Serum Creatinine and Occurrence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease. Med Arch 2020; 73:154-156. [PMID: 31404126 PMCID: PMC6643330 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2019.73.154-156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The risk for cardiovascular disease is increased in all stages of the impairment of renal function. It is proposed that serum creatinine is a marker of diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) as well as the kidney function. Aim: to study the association of serum creatinine with the likelihood and severity of CAD. The study population consisted of 262 males and 266 females who were classified as CAD cases and controls according to the results of coronary angiography. Results: Patients with CAD compared with the controls had increased levels of serum urea and creatinine. Serum creatinine showed significant positive correlation with male sex, hypertension and negative correlation with total- and HDL-cholesterol and apoAI. Serum urea, uric acid and potassium were the major determinants of creatinine. All hematological parameters were strong negative correlates of creatinine. None of markers of inflammation had significant correlation with creatinine. Creatinine was associated significantly with the prevalence [odds ratio of 1.79 (1.47-2.20), p<0.001] and severity of CAD [F(3,528)= 3.0, p=0.03]. Serum creatinine was excluded from the regression equation after adjustment for major risk factors. Conclusion: Serum creatinine has significant association with CAD, but the correlation is not independent. Creatinine have significant association with markers of kidney function and body water status, but not with markers of inflammation and insulin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Bagheri
- Departments of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Najme Radmard
- Departments of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Atena Faghani-Makrani
- Departments Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rasouli
- Departments Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
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23
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Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and its main protein component apolipoprotein (apo)A-I, play an important role in cholesterol homeostasis. It has been demonstrated that HDLs comprise of a very heterogeneous group of particles, not only regarding size but also composition. HDL's best described function is its role in the reverse cholesterol transport, where lipid-free apoA-I or small HDLs can accept and take up cholesterol from peripheral cells and subsequently transport this to the liver for excretion. However, several other functions have also been described, like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects. In this article, the general features, synthesis and metabolism of apoA-I and HDLs will be discussed. Additionally, an overview of HDL functions will be given, especially in the context of some major pathologies like cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes mellitus. Finally, the therapeutic potential of raising HDL will be discussed, focussing on the difficulties of the past and the promises of the future.
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24
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Asztalos BF, Horvath KV, Schaefer EJ. High-Density Lipoprotein Particles, Cell-Cholesterol Efflux, and Coronary Heart Disease Risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2007-2015. [PMID: 30002062 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective- The cell-cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is inversely associated with coronary heart disease risk. ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) plays a crucial role in cholesterol efflux from macrophages to preβ-1-HDL. We tested the hypothesis that coronary heart disease patients have functionally abnormal preβ-1-HDL. Approach and Results- HDL cell-cholesterol efflux capacity via the ABCA1 and the SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B type I) pathways, HDL antioxidative capacity, apo (apolipoprotein) A-I-containing HDL particles, and inflammatory- and oxidative-stress markers were measured in a case-control study of 100 coronary heart disease cases and 100 sex-matched controls. There were significant positive correlations between ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux and the levels of small lipid-poor preβ-1 particles ( R2=0.535) and between SR-BI-dependent cholesterol efflux and the levels of large lipid-rich (α-1+α-2) HDL particles ( R2=0.712). Cases had significantly higher (87%) preβ-1 concentrations than controls, but the functionality of their preβ-1 particles (preβ-1 concentration normalized ABCA1-dependent efflux capacity) was significantly lower (-31%). Cases had significantly lower (-12%) mean concentration of large HDL particles, but the functionality of their particles (α-1+α-2 concentration normalized SR-BI-dependent efflux capacity) was significantly higher (22%) compared with that of controls. HDL antioxidative capacity was significantly lower (-16%) in cases than in controls. There were no significant correlations between either preβ-1 functionality or large HDL particle functionality with HDL antioxidative capacity or the concentrations of inflammatory- and oxidative-stress markers. Conclusions- HDL cell-cholesterol efflux capacity is significantly influenced by both the concentration and the functionality of specific HDL particles participating in cell-cholesterol efflux. Coronary heart disease patients have higher than normal preβ-1 concentrations with decreased functionality and lower than normal large HDL particle concentrations with enhanced functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bela F Asztalos
- From the Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Katalin V Horvath
- From the Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Ernst J Schaefer
- From the Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA
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25
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Xu W, Qian M, Huang C, Cui P, Li W, Du Q, Yi S, Shi X, Guo Y, Zheng J, Liu D, Lin D. Comparison of Mechanisms of Endothelial Cell Protections Between High-Density Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein A-I Mimetic Peptide. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:817. [PMID: 31379582 PMCID: PMC6659106 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptide, D-4F, exhibits anti-atherogenic effects similar to high-density lipoprotein (HDL). However, it remains elusive whether D-4F and HDL share similar molecular mechanisms underlying anti-atherogenic effects and endothelial cell protections. We here compared the metabolic changes in endothelial cells induced by D-4F and HDL against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), which may be of benefit to understanding the protective mechanisms of HDL and D-4F. Functional assays, including wound healing, transwell migration, and tube formation, were used to evaluate the pro-angiogenic effects of HDL and D-4F. NMR-based metabolomic analysis was employed to explore the protective mechanisms underlying HDL and D-4F. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to assess metabolic profiles, and orthogonal PLS-DA (OPLS-DA) was carried out to identify characteristic metabolites. Moreover, significantly altered metabolic pathways were also analyzed. We found that ox-LDL impaired the migration and tube formation of endothelial cells. Metabolomic analysis showed that ox-LDL triggered oxidative stress, impaired glycolysis, and enhanced glycerophospholipid metabolism. Both HDL and D-4F improved the migration and angiogenesis of endothelial cells, alleviated oxidative stress, and ameliorated disordered glycolysis impaired by ox-LDL. Strikingly, HDL partially attenuated the disturbed glycerophospholipid metabolism, whereas D-4F did not show this effect. In summary, although D-4F shared the similar protective effects with HDL on the migration and angiogenesis of endothelial cells, it could not deduce the molecular mechanisms of HDL completely. Nevertheless, D-4F possesses the potentiality to be exploited as clinically applicable agent for endothelial cell protection and cardiovascular disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingming Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Caihua Huang
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shenghui Yi
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaohe Shi
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yansong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medicine College, Fujian Cardiovascular Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianlan Zheng
- Department of Ob/Gyn and Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, The People's Liberation Army 174th Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medicine College, Fujian Cardiovascular Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Donghai Lin
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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26
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Cabou C, Honorato P, Briceño L, Ghezali L, Duparc T, León M, Combes G, Frayssinhes L, Fournel A, Abot A, Masri B, Parada N, Aguilera V, Aguayo C, Knauf C, González M, Radojkovic C, Martinez LO. Pharmacological inhibition of the F 1 -ATPase/P2Y 1 pathway suppresses the effect of apolipoprotein A1 on endothelial nitric oxide synthesis and vasorelaxation. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 226:e13268. [PMID: 30821416 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM The contribution of apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), the major apolipoprotein of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), to endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is unclear, and there is little information regarding endothelial receptors involved in this effect. Ecto-F1 -ATPase is a receptor for APOA1, and its activity in endothelial cells is coupled to adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-sensitive P2Y receptors (P2Y ADP receptors). Ecto-F1 -ATPase is involved in APOA1-mediated cell proliferation and HDL transcytosis. Here, we investigated the effect of lipid-free APOA1 and the involvement of ecto-F1 -ATPase and P2Y ADP receptors on nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and the regulation of vascular tone. METHOD Nitric oxide synthesis was assessed in human endothelial cells from umbilical veins (HUVECs) and isolated mouse aortas. Changes in vascular tone were evaluated by isometric force measurements in isolated human umbilical and placental veins and by assessing femoral artery blood flow in conscious mice. RESULTS Physiological concentrations of lipid-free APOA1 enhanced endothelial NO synthesis, which was abolished by inhibitors of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and of the ecto-F1 -ATPase/P2Y1 axis. Accordingly, APOA1 inhibited vasoconstriction induced by thromboxane A2 receptor agonist and increased femoral artery blood flow in mice. These effects were blunted by inhibitors of eNOS, ecto-F1 -ATPase and P2Y1 receptor. CONCLUSIONS Using a pharmacological approach, we thus found that APOA1 promotes endothelial NO production and thereby controls vascular tone in a process that requires activation of the ecto-F1 -ATPase/P2Y1 pathway by APOA1. Pharmacological targeting of this pathway with respect to vascular diseases should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cendrine Cabou
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy University Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Paula Honorato
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Luis Briceño
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Lamia Ghezali
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France
| | - Thibaut Duparc
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France
| | - Marcelo León
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Guillaume Combes
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France
| | - Laure Frayssinhes
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France
| | - Audren Fournel
- UMR 1220, IRSD, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, European Associated Laboratory NeuroMicrobiota (INSERM/UCL) University of Toulouse Toulouse France
| | - Anne Abot
- UMR 1220, IRSD, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, European Associated Laboratory NeuroMicrobiota (INSERM/UCL) University of Toulouse Toulouse France
| | - Bernard Masri
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France
| | - Nicol Parada
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Valeria Aguilera
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Claudio Aguayo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
- Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health) Chillan Chile
| | - Claude Knauf
- UMR 1220, IRSD, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, European Associated Laboratory NeuroMicrobiota (INSERM/UCL) University of Toulouse Toulouse France
| | - Marcelo González
- Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health) Chillan Chile
- Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Claudia Radojkovic
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Laurent O. Martinez
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France
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27
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Barter P, Genest J. HDL cholesterol and ASCVD risk stratification: A debate. Atherosclerosis 2019; 283:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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28
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Apolipoprotein A-I enhances insulin-dependent and insulin-independent glucose uptake by skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1350. [PMID: 30718702 PMCID: PMC6362284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic interventions that increase plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I levels have been reported to reduce plasma glucose levels and attenuate insulin resistance. The present study asks if this is a direct effect of increased glucose uptake by skeletal muscle. Incubation of primary human skeletal muscle cells (HSKMCs) with apoA-I increased insulin-dependent and insulin–independent glucose uptake in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The increased glucose uptake was accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), the serine/threonine kinase Akt and Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160). Cell surface levels of the glucose transporter type 4, GLUT4, were also increased. The apoA-I-mediated increase in glucose uptake by HSKMCs was dependent on phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, the ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-B1). Taken together, these results establish that apoA-I increases glucose disposal in skeletal muscle by activating the IR/IRS-1/PI3K/Akt/AS160 signal transduction pathway. The findings suggest that therapeutic agents that increase apoA-I levels may improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.
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Yu XH, Zhang DW, Zheng XL, Tang CK. Cholesterol transport system: An integrated cholesterol transport model involved in atherosclerosis. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 73:65-91. [PMID: 30528667 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the pathological basis of most cardiovascular disease (CVD), is closely associated with cholesterol accumulation in the arterial intima. Excessive cholesterol is removed by the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway, representing a major antiatherogenic mechanism. In addition to the RCT, other pathways are required for maintaining the whole-body cholesterol homeostasis. Thus, we propose a working model of integrated cholesterol transport, termed the cholesterol transport system (CTS), to describe body cholesterol metabolism. The novel model not only involves the classical view of RCT but also contains other steps, such as cholesterol absorption in the small intestine, low-density lipoprotein uptake by the liver, and transintestinal cholesterol excretion. Extensive studies have shown that dysfunctional CTS is one of the major causes for hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Currently, several drugs are available to improve the CTS efficiently. There are also several therapeutic approaches that have entered into clinical trials and shown considerable promise for decreasing the risk of CVD. In recent years, a variety of novel findings reveal the molecular mechanisms for the CTS and its role in the development of atherosclerosis, thereby providing novel insights into the understanding of whole-body cholesterol transport and metabolism. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in this area with an emphasis on the therapeutic potential of targeting the CTS in CVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics and Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Sciences Center, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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Ai XM, Ho LC, Han LL, Lu JJ, Yue X, Yang NY. The role of splenectomy in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (AS). Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:186. [PMID: 30111317 PMCID: PMC6094557 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extensive performance of splenectomy worldwide for patients suffered from splenic trauma has given rise to high risks of postoperative complications, which has been attracting increasing attention in recent years. Nowadays the spleen is regarded as a versatile organ of the human body, invested with various excellent properties. The spleen has been recognized to take a great part in lipid metabolism. While removal of the spleen intends to alter lipid values, especially with an elevated LDL, splenic autotransplantation is able to normalize these lipid alterations. What is more, conservative surgical procedures like subtotal or partial splenectomy, could as well, afford a correction of dyslipidemia. At the same time, clinically, splenectomy demonstrates a high rate of atherosclerosis (AS), whereas non-surgical treatment after splenic trauma shows unchanged propagation of AS. Based on the intimate relationship between serum lipids and AS, the lipid changes modulated by splenectomy are believed to be responsible for the development of AS. Therefore, a "splenic factor" is most likely present in the regulation of lipidation and AS. Several theories have been postulated to elucidate the possible mechanism involved, among which most are primarily based on its forceful natural immune function, that is to say, the mononuclear phagocytic system.However, the accurate mechanisms behind this mysterious phenomenon still remain unclear so far. Of importance, lipid fractions should be monitored consecutively in case of inevitable splenectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Ai
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Li-Chen Ho
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu-Lu Han
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Jing Lu
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiong Yue
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nian-Yin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, Jiangsu, China
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Anastasius M, Luquain-Costaz C, Kockx M, Jessup W, Kritharides L. A critical appraisal of the measurement of serum 'cholesterol efflux capacity' and its use as surrogate marker of risk of cardiovascular disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:1257-1273. [PMID: 30305243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The 'cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC)' assay is a simple in vitro measure of the capacities of individual sera to promote the first step of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway, the delivery of cellular cholesterol to plasma HDL. This review describes the cell biology of this model and critically assesses its application as a marker of cardiovascular risk. We describe the pathways for cell cholesterol export, current cell models used in the CEC assay with their limitations and consider the contribution that measurement of serum CEC provides to our understanding of HDL function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm Anastasius
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Maaike Kockx
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wendy Jessup
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonard Kritharides
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Witkowski A, Chan GKL, Boatz JC, Li NJ, Inoue AP, Wong JC, van der Wel PCA, Cavigiolio G. Methionine oxidized apolipoprotein A-I at the crossroads of HDL biogenesis and amyloid formation. FASEB J 2018; 32:3149-3165. [PMID: 29401604 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701127r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) shares with other exchangeable apolipoproteins a high level of structural plasticity. In the lipid-free state, the apolipoprotein amphipathic α-helices interact intra- and intermolecularly, providing structural stabilization by self-association. We have reported that lipid-free apoA-I becomes amyloidogenic upon physiologically relevant (myeloperoxidase-mediated) Met oxidation. In this study, we established that Met oxidation promotes amyloidogenesis by reducing the stability of apoA-I monomers and irreversibly disrupting self-association. The oxidized apoA-I monomers also exhibited increased cellular cholesterol release capacity and stronger association with macrophages, compared to nonoxidized apoA-I. Of physiologic relevance, preformed oxidized apoA-I amyloid fibrils induced amyloid formation in nonoxidized apoA-I. This process was enhanced when self-association of nonoxidized apoA-I was disrupted by thermal treatment. Solid state NMR analysis revealed that aggregates formed by seeded nonoxidized apoA-I were structurally similar to those formed by the oxidized protein, featuring a β-structure-rich amyloid fold alongside α-helices retained from the native state. In atherosclerotic lesions, the conditions that promote apoA-I amyloid formation are readily available: myeloperoxidase, active oxygen species, low pH, and high concentration of lipid-free apoA-I. Our results suggest that even partial Met oxidation of apoA-I can nucleate amyloidogenesis, thus sequestering and inactivating otherwise antiatherogenic and HDL-forming apoA-I.-Witkowski, A., Chan, G. K. L., Boatz, J. C., Li, N. J., Inoue, A. P., Wong, J. C., van der Wel, P. C. A., Cavigiolio, G. Methionine oxidized apolipoprotein A-I at the crossroads of HDL biogenesis and amyloid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Witkowski
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI), Oakland, California, USA
| | - Gary K L Chan
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI), Oakland, California, USA
| | - Jennifer C Boatz
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nancy J Li
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI), Oakland, California, USA
| | - Ayuka P Inoue
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI), Oakland, California, USA
| | - Jaclyn C Wong
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI), Oakland, California, USA
| | | | - Giorgio Cavigiolio
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI), Oakland, California, USA
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Efficient purification of Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) from plasma by HEA HyperCel™: An alternative approach. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1073:104-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Present therapeutic role of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors. Pharmacol Res 2017; 128:29-41. [PMID: 29287689 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic interventions aimed at increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in order to reduce the residual cardiovascular (CV) risk of optimally drug treated patients have not provided convincing results, so far. Transfer of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissues to the liver appears to be the major atheroprotective function of HDL, and an elevation of HDL levels could represent an effective strategy. Inhibition of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), raising HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) levels, reduces low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and apoB levels, thus offering a promising approach. Despite the beneficial influence on cholesterol metabolism, off-target effects and lack of reduction in CV events and mortality (with torcetrapib, dalcetrapib and evacetrapib) highlighted the complex mechanism of CETP inhibition. After the failure of the above mentioned inhibitors in phase III clinical development, possibly due to the short duration of the trials masking benefit, the secondary prevention REVEAL trial has recently shown that the inhibitor anacetrapib significantly raised HDL-C (+104%), reduced LDL-C (-18%), with a protective effect on major coronary events (RR, 0.91; 95%CI, 0.85-0.97; p = 0.004). Whether LDL-C lowering fully accounts for the CV benefit or if HDL-C-rise is a crucial factor still needs to be determined, although the reduction of non-HDL (-18%) and Lp(a) (-25%), should be also taken into account. In spite of the positive results of the REVEAL Study, Merck decided not to proceed in asking regulatory approval for anacetrapib. Dalcetrapib (Dal-GenE study) and CKD-519 remain the two molecules within this area still in clinical development.
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Stock EO, Ferrara CT, O'Connor PM, Naya-Vigne JM, Frost PH, Malloy MJ, Kane JP, Pullinger CR. Levels of prebeta-1 high-density lipoprotein are elevated in 3 phenotypes of dyslipidemia. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 12:99-109. [PMID: 29198898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prebeta-1 high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a small subspecies of HDL that functions as the HDL quantum particle and is the principal acceptor of cholesterol effluxed from macrophages through the ATP-binding cassette transporter, ABCA1. High levels of prebeta-1 HDL are associated with increased risk of structural coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare prebeta-1 HDL levels in normal subjects and in 3 phenotypes of dyslipidemia. METHODS We studied 2435 individuals (1388 women; 1047 men). Of these, 2018 were not taking lipid-lowering medication when enrolled: 392 were normolipidemic controls; 713 had elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; 623 had combined hyperlipidemia; and 290 had hypertriglyceridemia. RESULTS Relative to controls, prebeta-1 HDL levels were increased in all 3 dyslipidemic phenotypes, particularly the combined and hypertriglyceridemia groups. This increase possibly reflects increased acceptor capacity of apolipoprotein B-100 containing lipoproteins for entropically driven transfer of cholesteryl esters from HDL via cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the main predictor variables significantly associated with prebeta-1 HDL levels were apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-1) (β = 0.500), triglyceride (β = 0.285), HDL-C (β = -0.237), and age (β = -0.169). There was an interaction between apoA-1 and sex (female vs male; β = -0.110). Among postmenopausal women, estrogenized subjects had a similar level of prebeta-1 HDL compared to those not receiving estrogens. CONCLUSIONS Prebeta-1 HDL levels are elevated in the 3 most common types of hyperlipidemia and are most strongly influenced by the levels of apoA-1, triglyceride, and HDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Oestreicher Stock
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Patricia M O'Connor
- St James Hospital Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Philip H Frost
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mary J Malloy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John P Kane
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Clive R Pullinger
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Melchior JT, Walker RG, Cooke AL, Morris J, Castleberry M, Thompson TB, Jones MK, Song HD, Rye KA, Oda MN, Sorci-Thomas MG, Thomas MJ, Heinecke JW, Mei X, Atkinson D, Segrest JP, Lund-Katz S, Phillips MC, Davidson WS. A consensus model of human apolipoprotein A-I in its monomeric and lipid-free state. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2017; 24:1093-1099. [PMID: 29131142 PMCID: PMC5749415 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein (apo)A-I is an organizing scaffold protein that is critical to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) structure and metabolism, probably mediating many of its cardioprotective properties. However, HDL biogenesis is poorly understood, as lipid-free apoA-I has been notoriously resistant to high-resolution structural study. Published models from low-resolution techniques share certain features but vary considerably in shape and secondary structure. To tackle this central issue in lipoprotein biology, we assembled a team of structural biologists specializing in apolipoproteins and set out to build a consensus model of monomeric lipid-free human apoA-I. Combining novel and published cross-link constraints, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) and crystallography data, we propose a time-averaged model consistent with much of the experimental data published over the last 40 years. The model provides a long-sought platform for understanding and testing details of HDL biogenesis, structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Melchior
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ryan G Walker
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Allison L Cooke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jamie Morris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark Castleberry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas B Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Martin K Jones
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hyun D Song
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael N Oda
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Mary G Sorci-Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Section on Endocrinology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael J Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jay W Heinecke
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Xiaohu Mei
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Atkinson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jere P Segrest
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sissel Lund-Katz
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael C Phillips
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - W Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Del Giudice R, Domingo-Espín J, Iacobucci I, Nilsson O, Monti M, Monti DM, Lagerstedt JO. Structural determinants in ApoA-I amyloidogenic variants explain improved cholesterol metabolism despite low HDL levels. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:3038-3048. [PMID: 28887204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Twenty Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) variants are responsible for a systemic hereditary amyloidosis in which protein fibrils can accumulate in different organs, leading to their failure. Several ApoA-I amyloidogenic mutations are also associated with hypoalphalipoproteinemia, low ApoA-I and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol plasma levels; however, subjects affected by ApoA-I-related amyloidosis do not show a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The structural features, the lipid binding properties and the functionality of four ApoA-I amyloidogenic variants were therefore inspected in order to clarify the paradox observed in the clinical phenotype of the affected subjects. Our results show that ApoA-I amyloidogenic variants are characterized by a different oligomerization pattern and that the position of the mutation in the ApoA-I sequence affects the molecular structure of the formed HDL particles. Although lipidation increases ApoA-I proteins stability, all the amyloidogenic variants analyzed show a lower affinity for lipids, both in vitro and in ex vivo mouse serum. Interestingly, the lower efficiency at forming HDL particles is compensated by a higher efficiency at catalysing cholesterol efflux from macrophages. The decreased affinity of ApoA-I amyloidogenic variants for lipids, together with the increased efficiency in the cholesterol efflux process, could explain why, despite the unfavourable lipid profile, patients affected by ApoA-I related amyloidosis do not show a higher CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Del Giudice
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Joan Domingo-Espín
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Oktawia Nilsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - Jens O Lagerstedt
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Dysfunctional HDL in diabetes mellitus and its role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 440:167-187. [PMID: 28828539 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease, the leading cause of death in the developed and developing countries, is prevalent in diabetes mellitus with 68% cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality. Epidemiological studies suggested inverse correlation between HDL and CVD occurrence. Therefore, low HDL concentration observed in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic individuals was thought to be one of the primary causes of increased risks of CVD. Efforts to raise HDL level via CETP inhibitors, Torcetrapib and Dalcetrapib, turned out to be disappointing in outcome studies despite substantial increases in HDL-C, suggesting that factors beyond HDL concentration may be responsible for the increased risks of CVD. Therefore, recent studies have focused more on HDL function than on HDL levels. The metabolic environment in diabetes mellitus condition such as hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, and inflammation promote HDL dysfunction leading to greater risks of CVD. This review discusses dysfunctional HDL as one of the mechanisms of increased CVD risks in diabetes mellitus through adversely affecting components that support HDL function in cholesterol efflux and LDL oxidation. The dampening of reverse cholesterol transport, a key process that removes cholesterol from lipid-laden macrophages in the arterial wall, leads to increased risks of CVD in diabetic patients. Therapeutic approaches to keep diabetes under control may benefit patients from developing CVD.
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Tanaka M, Tsujino N, Mukai T. Preparation and Cellular Uptake of Folate-modified Lipid Nanodisks. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Tanaka
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558
| | - Naomi Tsujino
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558
| | - Takahiro Mukai
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558
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Shiu SW, Wong Y, Tan KC. Pre-β1 HDL in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis 2017; 263:24-28. [PMID: 28595104 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pre-β1 HDL, being a major acceptor of free cholesterol from cells, plays an important role in reverse cholesterol transport. This study was performed to determine whether abnormalities in pre-β1 HDL concentration were present in type 2 diabetes irrespective of their HDL-cholesterol levels, and the impact on cholesterol efflux. METHODS 640 type 2 diabetic patients with or without cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 360 non-diabetic controls matched for serum HDL-cholesterol levels were recruited. Plasma pre-β1 HDL was measured by ELISA, and cholesterol efflux to serum, mediated by ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), was determined by measuring the transfer of [3H]cholesterol from cultured cells expressing ABCA1 to the medium containing the tested serum. RESULTS Despite the diabetic subjects having matched HDL-cholesterol and total apoA1 as controls, plasma pre-β1 HDL was significantly reduced in both male (p < 0.01) and female diabetic patients (p < 0.05), and patients with CVD had the lowest pre-β1 HDL level. Serum capacity to induce ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux was impaired in the diabetic group (p < 0.01) and cholesterol efflux correlated with pre-β1 HDL (Pearson's r = 0.38, p < 0.01), and this association remained significantly even after controlling for age, gender, body mass index, diabetes status, smoking, apoA1, triglyceride and LDL. CONCLUSIONS Plasma pre-β1 HDL level was significantly decreased in type 2 diabetes and was associated with a reduction in cholesterol efflux mediated by ABCA1. Our data would suggest that low pre-β1 HDL might cause impairment in reverse cholesterol transport in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Shiu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K C Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Brodeur MR, Rhainds D, Charpentier D, Mihalache-Avram T, Mecteau M, Brand G, Chaput E, Perez A, Niesor EJ, Rhéaume E, Maugeais C, Tardif JC. Dalcetrapib and anacetrapib differently impact HDL structure and function in rabbits and monkeys. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1282-1291. [PMID: 28515138 PMCID: PMC5496027 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m068940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) increases HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. However, the circulating CETP level varies and the impact of its inhibition in species with high CETP levels on HDL structure and function remains poorly characterized. This study investigated the effects of dalcetrapib and anacetrapib, the two CETP inhibitors (CETPis) currently being tested in large clinical outcome trials, on HDL particle subclass distribution and cholesterol efflux capacity of serum in rabbits and monkeys. New Zealand White rabbits and vervet monkeys received dalcetrapib and anacetrapib. In rabbits, CETPis increased HDL-C, raised small and large α-migrating HDL, and increased ABCA1-induced cholesterol efflux. In vervet monkeys, although anacetrapib produced similar results, dalcetrapib caused opposite effects because the LDL-C level was increased by 42% and HDL-C decreased by 48% (P < 0.01). The levels of α- and preβ-HDL were reduced by 16% (P < 0.001) and 69% (P < 0.01), resulting in a decrease of the serum cholesterol efflux capacity. CETPis modulate the plasma levels of mature and small HDL in vivo and consequently the cholesterol efflux capacity. The opposite effects of dalcetrapib in different species indicate that its impact on HDL metabolism could vary greatly according to the metabolic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anne Perez
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Eric Rhéaume
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Townsend D, Hughes E, Hussain R, Siligardi G, Baldock S, Madine J, Middleton DA. Heparin and Methionine Oxidation Promote the Formation of Apolipoprotein A-I Amyloid Comprising α-Helical and β-Sheet Structures. Biochemistry 2017; 56:1632-1644. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Townsend
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Eleri Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Rohanah Hussain
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England
| | - Giuliano Siligardi
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England
| | - Sarah Baldock
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Jillian Madine
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute
of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Middleton
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
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43
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Jayaraman S, Sánchez-Quesada JL, Gursky O. Triglyceride increase in the core of high-density lipoproteins augments apolipoprotein dissociation from the surface: Potential implications for treatment of apolipoprotein deposition diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:200-210. [PMID: 27768903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipids in the body are transported via lipoproteins that are nanoparticles comprised of lipids and amphipathic proteins termed apolipoproteins. This family of lipid surface-binding proteins is over-represented in human amyloid diseases. In particular, all major proteins of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), including apoA-I, apoA-II and serum amyloid A, can cause systemic amyloidoses in humans upon protein mutations, post-translational modifications or overproduction. Here, we begin to explore how the HDL lipid composition influences amyloid deposition by apoA-I and related proteins. First, we summarize the evidence that, in contrast to lipoproteins that are stabilized by kinetic barriers, free apolipoproteins are labile to misfolding and proteolysis. Next, we report original biochemical and biophysical studies showing that increase in triglyceride content in the core of plasma or reconstituted HDL destabilizes the lipoprotein assembly, making it more labile to various perturbations (oxidation, thermal and chemical denaturation and enzymatic hydrolysis), and promotes apoA-I release in a lipid-poor/free aggregation-prone form. Together, the results suggest that decreasing plasma levels of triglycerides will shift the dynamic equilibrium from the lipid-poor/free (labile) to the HDL-bound (protected) apolipoprotein state, thereby decreasing the generation of the protein precursor of amyloid. This prompts us to propose that triglyceride-lowering therapies may provide a promising strategy to alleviate amyloid diseases caused by the deposition of HDL proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobini Jayaraman
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Jose Luis Sánchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Gursky
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA.
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44
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Jayaraman S, Haupt C, Gursky O. Paradoxical effects of SAA on lipoprotein oxidation suggest a new antioxidant function for SAA. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:2138-2149. [PMID: 27744369 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m071191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation, which involve a dramatic increase in serum amyloid A (SAA) levels, are critical in the development of atherosclerosis. Most SAA circulates on plasma HDL particles, altering their cardioprotective properties. SAA-enriched HDL has diminished anti-oxidant effects on LDL, which may contribute to atherogenesis. We determined combined effects of SAA enrichment and oxidation on biochemical changes in HDL. Normal human HDLs were incubated with SAA, oxidized by various factors (Cu2+, myeloperoxidase, H2O2, OCl-), and analyzed for lipid and protein modifications and biophysical remodeling. Three novel findings are reported: addition of SAA reduces oxidation of HDL and LDL lipids; oxidation of SAA-containing HDL in the presence of OCl- generates a covalent heterodimer of SAA and apoA-I that resists the release from HDL; and mild oxidation promotes spontaneous release of proteins (SAA and apoA-I) from SAA-enriched HDL. We show that the anti-oxidant effects of SAA extend to various oxidants and are mediated mainly by the unbound protein. We propose that free SAA sequesters lipid hydroperoxides and delays lipoprotein oxidation, though much less efficiently than other anti-oxidant proteins, such as apoA-I, that SAA displaces from HDL. These findings prompt us to reconsider the role of SAA in lipid oxidation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobini Jayaraman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Christian Haupt
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Olga Gursky
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
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45
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Dinnes DLM, White MY, Kockx M, Traini M, Hsieh V, Kim M, Hou L, Jessup W, Rye K, Thaysen‐Andersen M, Cordwell SJ, Kritharides L. Human macrophage cathepsin β‐mediated C‐terminal cleavage of apolipoprotein α‐I at Ser
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severely impairs antiatherogenic capacity. FASEB J 2016; 30:4239-4255. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600508r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie Y. White
- School of Molecular BioscienceDiscipline of Pathology School of Medical Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Maaike Kockx
- Atherosclerosis LaboratoryANZAC Research Institute
| | | | - Victar Hsieh
- Department of CardiologySt. George Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Mi‐Jurng Kim
- School of Medical Sciences Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Liming Hou
- Lipid Research GroupSchool of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Wendy Jessup
- Atherosclerosis LaboratoryANZAC Research Institute
| | - Kerry‐Anne Rye
- Lipid Research GroupSchool of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Morten Thaysen‐Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular SciencesFaculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Stuart J. Cordwell
- School of Molecular BioscienceDiscipline of Pathology School of Medical Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Leonard Kritharides
- Atherosclerosis LaboratoryANZAC Research Institute
- Department of CardiologyConcord Repatriation General Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
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46
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Andrews J, Puri R, Kataoka Y, Nicholls SJ, Psaltis PJ. Therapeutic modulation of the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis: lessons learned from serial imaging studies. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2016; 6:282-303. [PMID: 27500089 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2015.10.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in risk prediction, preventive and therapeutic strategies, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a major public health challenge worldwide, carrying considerable morbidity, mortality and health economic burden. There continues to be a need to better understand the natural history of this disease to guide the development of more effective treatment, integral to which is the rapidly evolving field of coronary artery imaging. Various imaging modalities have been refined to enable detailed visualization of the pathological substrate of atherosclerosis, providing accurate and reproducible measures of coronary plaque burden and composition, including the presence of high-risk characteristics. The serial application of such techniques, including coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) have uncovered important insights into the progression of coronary plaque over time in patients with stable and unstable coronary artery disease (CAD), and its responsiveness to therapeutic interventions. Here we review the use of different imaging modalities for the surveillance of coronary atherosclerosis and the lessons they have provided about the modulation of CAD by both traditional and experimental therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Andrews
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute & School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rishi Puri
- Québec Heart & Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Hospital Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada; ; Cleveland Clinic Coordinating Center for Clinical Research (C5R), Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yu Kataoka
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute & School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute & School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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47
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Ossoli A, Pavanello C, Calabresi L. High-Density Lipoprotein, Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase, and Atherosclerosis. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2016; 31:223-9. [PMID: 27302716 PMCID: PMC4923405 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2016.31.2.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data clearly show the existence of a strong inverse correlation between plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and the incidence of coronary heart disease. This relation is explained by a number of atheroprotective properties of HDL, first of all the ability to promote macrophage cholesterol transport. HDL are highly heterogeneous and are continuously remodeled in plasma thanks to the action of a number of proteins and enzymes. Among them, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) plays a crucial role, being the only enzyme able to esterify cholesterol within lipoproteins. LCAT is synthetized by the liver and it has been thought to play a major role in reverse cholesterol transport and in atheroprotection. However, data from animal studies, as well as human studies, have shown contradictory results. Increased LCAT concentrations are associated with increased HDL-C levels but not necessarily with atheroprotection. On the other side, decreased LCAT concentration and activity are associated with decreased HDL-C levels but not with increased atherosclerosis. These contradictory results confirm that HDL-C levels per se do not represent the functionality of the HDL system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ossoli
- Center E. Grossi Paoletti, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Pavanello
- Center E. Grossi Paoletti, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Center E. Grossi Paoletti, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Chen Y, Dong J, Chen X, Jiang H, Bakillah A, Zhang X, Li Z, Yin J, Liang D, Zou Y, Hussain M, Cuchel M, Rader D, Chen H, Ge J, Jiang XC. Human serum preβ1-high density lipoprotein levels are independently and negatively associated with coronary artery diseases. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:36. [PMID: 27190545 PMCID: PMC4869297 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum preβ1-high density lipoprotein (preβ1-HDL) was defined by two-dimensional non-denaturing linear gel electrophoresis and apolipoprotein A-I immuno-blotting. Serum preβ1-HDL seems to play an important role in reverse cholesterol transport, a well-known anti-atherosclerosis process. However, there are still debatable questions for its quantification and coronary artery disease (CAD) relevance. METHODS We isolated the preβ1-HDL using a new native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) system and lipid pre-staining serum. We established a two-demensional gel electrophoresis system. RESULTS We measured the preβ1-HDL in Tangier disease patients and subjects with cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) mutation. The preβ1-HDL is clearly separated from lipid-free apoA-I monomer and cannot be converted into other HDL particles under lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) inhibition. This preβ1-HDL is a spheroidal particle with the highest apoA-1/cholesterol ratio and highest density (≥1.21 g/ml), as compared with all other HDLs. Importantly, we found that serum from subjects with Tangier disease or with cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) mutation have no detectible preβ1-HDL particles. We recruited a total of 102 subjects underwent diagnostic coronary angiography and measured their preβ1-HDL levels. Among them, 56 had no stenosis of coronary artery and 46 were diagnosed as CAD, which was predefined as the presence of a luminal diameter stenosis ≥50 % in at least 1 major coronary artery territory. We found that preβ1-HDL is independently and negatively associated with the severity of the coronary artery stenosis (Gensini score). CONCLUSION We established a novel and simple method for human serum preβ1-HDL quantification. We found that human lower preβ1-HDL is an independent predictor for severer coronary artery stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqin Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Box 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA
| | - Jibin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahmed Bakillah
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Box 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Box 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA
| | - Marina Cuchel
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Haozhu Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Box 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA
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49
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Minicocci I, Tikka A, Poggiogalle E, Metso J, Montali A, Ceci F, Labbadia G, Fontana M, Di Costanzo A, Maranghi M, Rosano A, Ehnholm C, Donini LM, Jauhiainen M, Arca M. Effects of angiopoietin-like protein 3 deficiency on postprandial lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1097-107. [PMID: 27040449 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p066183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The consequences of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) deficiency on postprandial lipid and lipoprotein metabolism has not been investigated in humans. We studied 7 homozygous (undetectable circulating ANGPTL3 levels) and 31 heterozygous (50% of circulating ANGPTL3 levels) subjects with familial combined hypolipidemia (FHBL2) due to inactivating ANGPTL3 mutations in comparison with 35 controls. All subjects were evaluated at fasting and during 6 h after a high fat meal. Postprandial lipid and lipoprotein changes were quantified by calculating the areas under the curve (AUCs) using the 6 h concentration data. Plasma changes of β-hydroxybutyric acid (β-HBA) were measured as marker of hepatic oxidation of fatty acids. Compared with controls, homozygotes showed lower incremental AUCs (iAUCs) of total TG (-69%, P < 0.001), TG-rich lipoproteins (-90%, P < 0.001), apoB-48 (-78%, P = 0.032), and larger absolute increase of FFA (128%, P < 00.1). Also, heterozygotes displayed attenuated postprandial lipemia, but the difference was significant only for the iAUC of apoB-48 (-28%; P < 0.05). During the postprandial period, homozygotes, but not heterozygotes, showed a lower increase of β-HBA. Our findings demonstrate that complete ANGPTL3 deficiency associates with highly reduced postprandial lipemia probably due to faster catabolism of intestinally derived lipoproteins, larger expansion of the postprandial FFA pool, and decreased influx of dietary-derived fatty acids into the liver. These results add information on mechanisms underlying hypolipidemia in FHBL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Minicocci
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Tikka
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jari Metso
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Montali
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ceci
- Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Labbadia
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Fontana
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Costanzo
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Maranghi
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Rosano
- ISFOL, Department of Employment and Social Policies, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Ehnholm
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Matti Jauhiainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marcello Arca
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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50
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Extended-Release Niacin/Laropiprant Improves Overall Efficacy of Postprandial Reverse Cholesterol Transport. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:285-94. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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