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Cueto R, Shen W, Liu L, Wang X, Wu S, Mohsin S, Yang L, Khan M, Hu W, Snyder N, Wu Q, Ji Y, Yang XF, Wang H. SAH is a major metabolic sensor mediating worsening metabolic crosstalk in metabolic syndrome. Redox Biol 2024; 73:103139. [PMID: 38696898 PMCID: PMC11070633 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we observed worsening metabolic crosstalk in mouse models with concomitant metabolic disorders such as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia and in human coronary artery disease by analyzing metabolic profiles. We found that HHcy worsening is most sensitive to other metabolic disorders. To identify metabolic genes and metabolites responsible for the worsening metabolic crosstalk, we examined mRNA levels of 324 metabolic genes in Hcy, glucose-related and lipid metabolic systems. We examined Hcy-metabolites (Hcy, SAH and SAM) by LS-ESI-MS/MS in 6 organs (heart, liver, brain, lung, spleen, and kidney) from C57BL/6J mice. Through linear regression analysis of Hcy-metabolites and metabolic gene mRNA levels, we discovered that SAH-responsive genes were responsible for most metabolic changes and all metabolic crosstalk mediated by Serine, Taurine, and G3P. SAH-responsive genes worsen glucose metabolism and cause upper glycolysis activation and lower glycolysis suppression, indicative of the accumulation of glucose/glycogen and G3P, Serine synthesis inhibition, and ATP depletion. Insufficient Serine due to negative correlation of PHGDH with SAH concentration may inhibit the folate cycle and transsulfurarion pathway and consequential reduced antioxidant power, including glutathione, taurine, NADPH, and NAD+. Additionally, we identified SAH-activated pathological TG loop as the consequence of increased fatty acid (FA) uptake, FA β-oxidation and Ac-CoA production along with lysosomal damage. We concluded that HHcy is most responsive to other metabolic changes in concomitant metabolic disorders and mediates worsening metabolic crosstalk mainly via SAH-responsive genes, that organ-specific Hcy metabolism determines organ-specific worsening metabolic reprogramming, and that SAH, acetyl-CoA, Serine and Taurine are critical metabolites mediating worsening metabolic crosstalk, redox disturbance, hypomethylation and hyperacetylation linking worsening metabolic reprogramming in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Cueto
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wen Shen
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sheng Wu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ling Yang
- Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathaniel Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Shakarami A. Association Between Nutrients and Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Cardiol Rev 2024; 20:CCR-EPUB-137030. [PMID: 38185894 PMCID: PMC11071670 DOI: 10.2174/011573403x263414231101095310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) constitute a leading cause of global mortality. Inflammation and oxidative stress are key molecular underpinnings of CVD pathogenesis. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted role of nutrients in cardiovascular health beyond their impact on cardiac events. The manuscript examines the influence of macronutrients such as fats and carbohydrates, as well as micronutrients including vitamins and folate, on CVD. Additionally, the interplay between dietary supplements and CVD risk reduction is investigated. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse mechanisms through which nutrients contribute to cardiovascular well-being, addressing both cardioprotective effects and their broader implications. Through an analysis of pertinent studies, we illuminate the complex relationship between nutrition, lifestyle, and cardiovascular health, underscoring the significance of a holistic approach to CVD prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shakarami
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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3
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Wu C, Duan X, Wang X, Wang L. Advances in the role of epigenetics in homocysteine-related diseases. Epigenomics 2023; 15:769-795. [PMID: 37718931 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine has a wide range of biological effects. However, the specific molecular mechanism of its pathogenicity is still unclear. The diseases induced by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) are called homocysteine-related diseases. Clinical treatment of HHcy is mainly through folic acid and B-complex vitamins, which are not effective in reducing the associated end point events. Epigenetics is the alteration of heritable genes caused by DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNAs and chromatin remodeling without altering the DNA sequence. In recent years the role of epigenetics in homocysteine-associated diseases has been gradually discovered. This article summarizes the latest evidence on the role of epigenetics in HHcy, providing new directions for its prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xulei Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xuehui Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Libo Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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4
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Xu K, Saaoud F, Shao Y, Lu Y, Wu S, Zhao H, Chen K, Vazquez-Padron R, Jiang X, Wang H, Yang X. Early hyperlipidemia triggers metabolomic reprogramming with increased SAH, increased acetyl-CoA-cholesterol synthesis, and decreased glycolysis. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102771. [PMID: 37364513 PMCID: PMC10310484 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify metabolomic reprogramming in early hyperlipidemia, unbiased metabolome was screened in four tissues from ApoE-/- mice fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 3 weeks. 30, 122, 67, and 97 metabolites in the aorta, heart, liver, and plasma, respectively, were upregulated. 9 upregulated metabolites were uremic toxins, and 13 metabolites, including palmitate, promoted a trained immunity with increased syntheses of acetyl-CoA and cholesterol, increased S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and hypomethylation and decreased glycolysis. The cross-omics analysis found upregulation of 11 metabolite synthetases in ApoE‾/‾ aorta, which promote ROS, cholesterol biosynthesis, and inflammation. Statistical correlation of 12 upregulated metabolites with 37 gene upregulations in ApoE‾/‾ aorta indicated 9 upregulated new metabolites to be proatherogenic. Antioxidant transcription factor NRF2-/- transcriptome analysis indicated that NRF2 suppresses trained immunity-metabolomic reprogramming. Our results have provided novel insights on metabolomic reprogramming in multiple tissues in early hyperlipidemia oriented toward three co-existed new types of trained immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keman Xu
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Fatma Saaoud
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ying Shao
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yifan Lu
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sheng Wu
- Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Medical Education and Data Science, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Kaifu Chen
- Computational Biology Program, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roberto Vazquez-Padron
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33125, USA
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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5
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Gadanec LK, Andersson U, Apostolopoulos V, Zulli A. Glycyrrhizic Acid Inhibits High-Mobility Group Box-1 and Homocysteine-Induced Vascular Dysfunction. Nutrients 2023; 15:3186. [PMID: 37513606 PMCID: PMC10383373 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) worsens cardiovascular outcomes by impairing vascular function and promoting chronic inflammation via release of danger-associated molecular patterns, such as high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1). Elevated levels of HMGB-1 have recently been reported in patients with HHcy. Therefore, targeting HMGB-1 may be a potential therapy to improve HHcy-induced cardiovascular pathologies. This study aimed to further elucidate HMGB-1's role during acute HHcy and HHcy-induced atherogenesis and to determine if inhibiting HMGB-1 with glycyrrhizic acid (Glyz) improved vascular function. Male New Zealand White rabbits (n = 25) were placed on either a standard control chow (CD; n = 15) or atherogenic diet (AD; n = 10) for 4 weeks. Rabbit serum and Krebs taken from organ bath studies were collected to quantify HMGB-1 levels. Isometric tension analysis was performed on abdominal aorta (AA) rings from CD and AD rabbits. Rings were incubated with homocysteine (Hcy) [3 mM] for 60 min to induce acute HHcy or rhHMGB-1 [100 nM]. Vascular function was assessed by relaxation to cumulative doses of acetylcholine. Markers of vascular dysfunction and inflammation were quantified in the endothelium, media, and adventitia of AA rings. HMGB-1 was significantly upregulated in serum (p < 0.0001) and Krebs (p < 0.0001) after Hcy exposure or an AD. Incubation with Hcy (p < 0.0001) or rhHMGB-1 (p < 0.0001) and an AD (p < 0.0001) significantly reduced relaxation to acetylcholine, which was markedly improved by Glyz. HMGB-1 expression was elevated (p < 0.0001) after Hcy exposure and AD (p < 0.0001) and was normalized after Glyz treatment. Moreover, markers of vascular function, cell stress and inflammation were also reduced after Glyz. These results demonstrate that HMGB-1 has a central role during HHcy-induced vascular dysfunction and inhibiting it with Glyz could be a potential treatment option for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kate Gadanec
- Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Ulf Andersson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
- Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
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6
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López-Preza FI, Huerta de la Cruz S, Santiago-Castañeda C, Silva-Velasco DL, Beltran-Ornelas JH, Tapia-Martínez J, Sánchez-López A, Rocha L, Centurión D. Hydrogen sulfide prevents the vascular dysfunction induced by severe traumatic brain injury in rats by reducing reactive oxygen species and modulating eNOS and H 2S-synthesizing enzyme expression. Life Sci 2022; 312:121218. [PMID: 36427545 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effects of subchronic administration with NaHS, an exogenous H2S donor, on TBI-induced hypertension and vascular impairments. MAIN METHODS Animals underweministration does not prevent the body weight loss but slightly imnt a lateral fluid percussion injury, and the hemodynamic variables were measured in vivo by plethysmograph method. The vascular function in vitro, the ROS levels by the DCFH-DA method and the expression of H2S-synthesizing enzymes and eNOS by Western blot were measured in isolated thoracic aortas at day 7 post-TBI. The effect of L-NAME on NaHS-induced effects in vascular function was evaluated. Brain water content was determined 7 days after trauma induction. Body weight was recorded throughout the experimental protocol, whereas the sensorimotor function was evaluated using the neuroscore test at days -1 (basal), 2, and 7 after the TBI induction. KEY FINDINGS TBI animals showed: 1) an increase in hemodynamic variables and ROS levels in aortas; 2) vascular dysfunction; 3) sensorimotor dysfunction; and 4) a decrease in body weight, the expression of H2S-synthesizing enzymes, and eNOS phosphorylation. Interestingly, NaHS subchronic administration (3.1 mg/kg; i.p.; every 24 h for six days) prevented the development of hypertension, vascular dysfunction, and oxidative stress. L-NAME abolished NaHS-induced effects. Furthermore, NaHS treatment restored H2S-synthesizing enzymes and eNOS phosphorylation with no effect on body weight, sensorimotor impairments, or brain water content. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, these results demonstrate that H2S prevents TBI-induced hypertension by restoring vascular function and modulating ROS levels, H2S-synthesizing enzymes expression, and eNOS phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix I López-Preza
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Saúl Huerta de la Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cindy Santiago-Castañeda
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana L Silva-Velasco
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesus H Beltran-Ornelas
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Tapia-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araceli Sánchez-López
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luisa Rocha
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - David Centurión
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330 Mexico City, Mexico.
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7
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Epigenetic Regulation by microRNAs in Hyperhomocysteinemia-Accelerated Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012452. [PMID: 36293305 PMCID: PMC9604464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is specifically linked to various diseases of the vasculature such as atherosclerosis. However, the precise mechanisms by which Hcy contributes to this condition remain elusive. During the development of atherosclerosis, epigenetic modifications influence gene expression. As such, epigenetic modifications are an adaptive response to endogenous and exogenous factors that lead to altered gene expression by methylation and acetylation reactions of different substrates and the action of noncoding RNA including microRNAs (miRNAs). Epigenetic remodeling modulates cell biology in both physiological and physiopathological conditions. DNA and histone modification have been identified to have a crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis. However, the potential role of miRNAs in hyperHcy (HHcy)-related atherosclerosis disease remains poorly explored and might be essential as well. There is no review available yet summarizing the contribution of miRNAs to hyperhomocystein-mediated atherogenicity or their potential as therapeutic targets even though their important role has been described in numerous studies. Specifically, downregulation of miR-143 or miR-125b has been shown to regulate VSCMs proliferation in vitro. In preclinical studies, downregulation of miR-92 or miR195-3p has been shown to increase the accumulation of cholesterol in foam cells and increase macrophage inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation, respectively. Another preclinical study found that there is a reciprocal regulation between miR-148a/152 and DNMT1 in Hcy-accelerated atherosclerosis. Interestingly, a couple of studies have shown that miR-143 or miR-217 may be used as potential biomarkers in patients with HHcy that may develop atherosclerosis. Moreover, the current review will also update current knowledge on miRNA-based therapies, their challenges, and approaches to deal with Hcy-induced atherosclerosis.
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8
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Guillotin S, Vallet A, Lorthois S, Cestac P, Schmidt E, Delcourt N. Association between Homocysteine, Frailty and Biomechanical Response of the CNS in NPH-suspected Patients. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:1335-1343. [PMID: 35325129 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that combines physiological decline, disruptions of homeostatic mechanisms across multiple physiologic systems and thus, strong vulnerability to further pathological stress. Previously, we provided the first evidence that increased risk of poor health outcomes, as quantified by a frailty index, is associated with an alteration of the central nervous system (CNS) biomechanical response to blood pulsatility. In this study, we explored correlation between fourteen biological parameters, the CNS elastance coefficient and frailty index. We included 60 adults (52-92 years) suspected of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and presenting with markers of multiple co-existing brain pathologies, including Parkinson disease (PD), Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. We showed that the homocysteine (Hcy) level was independently and positively associated with both frailty index and the CNS elastance coefficient (adjusted R² of 10% and 6%). We also demonstrated that creatinine clearance and folate level were independently associated with Hcy level. Based on previous literature results describing the involvement of Hcy in endothelial dysfunction, glial activation and neurodegeneration, we discuss how Hcy could contribute to the altered biomechanical response of the CNS and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Guillotin
- Center for Epidemiology and Research in POPulation health (CERPOP), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Poison Control Center, Toulouse-Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Vallet
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sylvie Lorthois
- Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Cestac
- Center for Epidemiology and Research in POPulation health (CERPOP), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Schmidt
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, Toulouse-Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Delcourt
- Poison Control Center, Toulouse-Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France.,Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
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9
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Nakladal D, Lambooy SPH, Mišúth S, Čepcová D, Joschko CP, Buiten A, Goris M, Hoogstra‐Berends F, Kloosterhuis NJ, Huijkman N, Sluis B, Diercks GF, Buikema JH, Henning RH, Deelman LE. Homozygous whole body
Cbs
knockout in adult mice features minimal pathology during ageing despite severe homocysteinemia. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22260. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101550r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Nakladal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - S. P. H. Lambooy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - S. Mišúth
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
| | - D. Čepcová
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
| | - C. P. Joschko
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - A. Buiten
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - M. Goris
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - F. Hoogstra‐Berends
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - N. J. Kloosterhuis
- Department of Pediatrics University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - N. Huijkman
- iPSC/CRISPR Center Groningen University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - B. Sluis
- Department of Pediatrics University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
- iPSC/CRISPR Center Groningen University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - G. F. Diercks
- Department of Dermatology Center for Blistering Diseases University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - J. H. Buikema
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - R. H. Henning
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - L. E. Deelman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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10
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Xu K, Shao Y, Saaoud F, Gillespie A, Drummer C, Liu L, Lu Y, Sun Y, Xi H, Tükel Ç, Pratico D, Qin X, Sun J, Choi ET, Jiang X, Wang H, Yang X. Novel Knowledge-Based Transcriptomic Profiling of Lipid Lysophosphatidylinositol-Induced Endothelial Cell Activation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:773473. [PMID: 34912867 PMCID: PMC8668339 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.773473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether pro-inflammatory lipid lysophosphatidylinositols (LPIs) upregulate the expressions of membrane proteins for adhesion/signaling and secretory proteins in human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) activation, we developed an EC biology knowledge-based transcriptomic formula to profile RNA-Seq data panoramically. We made the following primary findings: first, G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), the LPI receptor, is expressed in the endothelium of both human and mouse aortas, and is significantly upregulated in hyperlipidemia; second, LPIs upregulate 43 clusters of differentiation (CD) in HAECs, promoting EC activation, innate immune trans-differentiation, and immune/inflammatory responses; 72.1% of LPI-upregulated CDs are not induced in influenza virus-, MERS-CoV virus- and herpes virus-infected human endothelial cells, which hinted the specificity of LPIs in HAEC activation; third, LPIs upregulate six types of 640 secretomic genes (SGs), namely, 216 canonical SGs, 60 caspase-1-gasdermin D (GSDMD) SGs, 117 caspase-4/11-GSDMD SGs, 40 exosome SGs, 179 Human Protein Atlas (HPA)-cytokines, and 28 HPA-chemokines, which make HAECs a large secretory organ for inflammation/immune responses and other functions; fourth, LPIs activate transcriptomic remodeling by upregulating 172 transcription factors (TFs), namely, pro-inflammatory factors NR4A3, FOS, KLF3, and HIF1A; fifth, LPIs upregulate 152 nuclear DNA-encoded mitochondrial (mitoCarta) genes, which alter mitochondrial mechanisms and functions, such as mitochondrial organization, respiration, translation, and transport; sixth, LPIs activate reactive oxygen species (ROS) mechanism by upregulating 18 ROS regulators; finally, utilizing the Cytoscape software, we found that three mechanisms, namely, LPI-upregulated TFs, mitoCarta genes, and ROS regulators, are integrated to promote HAEC activation. Our results provide novel insights into aortic EC activation, formulate an EC biology knowledge-based transcriptomic profile strategy, and identify new targets for the development of therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory conditions, immune diseases, organ transplantation, aging, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keman Xu
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation and Lung Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ying Shao
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation and Lung Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Fatma Saaoud
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation and Lung Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Aria Gillespie
- Neural Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Charles Drummer
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation and Lung Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lu Liu
- Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yifan Lu
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation and Lung Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yu Sun
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation and Lung Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hang Xi
- Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Çagla Tükel
- Center for Microbiology & Immunology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Domenico Pratico
- Alzheimer's Center, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xuebin Qin
- National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
| | - Jianxin Sun
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Eric T Choi
- Surgery (Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation and Lung Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Centers of Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation and Lung Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Departments of Cardiovascular Sciences, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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11
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Tehrani AY, Ciufolini MA, Bernatchez P. Nitric oxide in the Marfan vasculature: Friend or foe? Nitric Oxide 2021; 116:27-34. [PMID: 34478846 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene, which encodes fibrillin-1, a protein essential for the formation and stabilization of elastic fibers as well as signaling homeostasis. Progressive aortic root widening is the most serious manifestation of MFS as it can lead to aortic dissection, aneurysm formation and rupture. However, despite their ability to decrease the hemodynamic stress the aorta is subjected to, anti-hypertensive medications often lead to underwhelming reductions in the rate of aortic root dilation, which illustrates how fragmental our understanding of MFS-associated aortic remodeling is. This manuscript summarizes recent evidence that document nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS)-related changes to the vasculature during the pathogenesis of MFS and how they result in a unique state of vascular dysfunction that likely plays a causal role in the aortic root widening process. We also review how clinic-approved and experimental therapies as well lifestyle approaches may promote aortic root stability by correcting NO homeostasis, which if properly optimized may improve outcomes in this population afflicted by a notoriously refractory type of aortopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Y Tehrani
- Centre for Heart + Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Centre for Heart + Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada.
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12
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Jin N, Huang L, Hong J, Zhao X, Chen Y, Hu J, Cong X, Xie Y, Pu J. Elevated homocysteine levels in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26875. [PMID: 34414939 PMCID: PMC8376397 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels showed increasing significance as the predisposing factor for the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic sequelae, including cardiovascular mortality, coronary artery disease, and stroke. There is increasing evidence linking plasma Hcy levels and heart failure (HF). The association between the elevated level of plasma Hcy and HF was examined by meta-analysis and systematic review in this study. METHODS The PubMed and ScienceDirect databases until April 2020 were utilized to collect previous literature on plasma Hcy levels and the potential relation to HF. The pooled effects were evaluated depending on standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the calculation was performed using Stata 12 software. Potential sources of heterogeneity were assessed with subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. RESULTS A total of 12 research projects including 5506 subjects were selected. For pooled effect, the results confirmed that patients with HF had higher Hcy levels than the control subjects (SMD,1.148 and 95%CI, [0.715, 1.581]). Based on the classification of New York Heart Association (NYHA), the Hcy levels for the group of NYHA I or II (SMD, 1.484 and 95% CI, [0.442, 2.527]) and the group of NYHA III or IV (SMD, 3.361 and 95% CI, [1.902, 4.820]) were significantly increased compared to controls, while the increase was more intensive for the group of NYHA III or IV. Subgroup analyses revealed similar results. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis identified that plasma Hcy levels were significantly elevated in HF patients compared to control subjects, which is positively related to the advancement of NYHA class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nake Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuechen Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yujiao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuquan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Avagimyan A. Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Link of Chemotherapy-Related Endothelium Impairment. Curr Probl Cardiol 2021; 47:100932. [PMID: 34313228 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a well-known risk factor of cardiovascular disease development. This research presents the AC mode of chemotherapy-related homocysteine level changes, with the simultaneous trimetazidine administration as a possible therapeutic inhibitor of chemotherapy-associated disturbances of morphofunctional homeostasis, for assessing the possible normalization effects. In order to the implementation of this experimental research, 80 Wistar rats were used. The chemotherapy was administered in AC mode. Trimetazidine was used as a stabilizer of homocysteine concentration. Analysis of homocysteine concentration was carried out by quantitative enzyme immunoassay. Given results state that AC-mode of chemotherapy modulates homocysteine production, a known risk factor for endothelial dysfunction development. At the same time, trimetazidine showed an unexpected limitation of homocysteine concentration. The obtained data indicate that hyperhomocysteinemia also plays a particular role in implementing the chemotherapy-induced cardiovascular disturbances continuum. While homocysteine's stabilizing properties of trimetazidine appear to be quite promising, withal further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashot Avagimyan
- Yerevan State Medical University After M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia.
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14
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Carnagarin R, Nolde JM, Ward NC, Lugo-Gavidia LM, Chan J, Robinson S, Jose A, Joyson A, Azzam O, Galindo Kiuchi M, Mwipatayi BP, Schlaich MP. Homocysteine predicts vascular target organ damage in hypertension and may serve as guidance for first-line antihypertensive therapy. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:1380-1389. [PMID: 34137162 PMCID: PMC8678735 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and has been proposed to contribute to vascular dysfunction. We sought to determine in a real-world clinical setting whether homocysteine levels were associated with hypertension mediated organ damage (HMOD) and could guide treatment choices in hypertension. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of prospectively collected data in 145 hypertensive patients referred to our tertiary hypertension clinic at Royal Perth Hospital and analyzed the association of homocysteine with HMOD, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and RAAS blockade. The average age of participants was 56 ± 17 years, and there was a greater proportion of males than females (89 vs. 56). Regression analysis showed that homocysteine was significantly associated with PWV (β = 1.99; 95% CI 0.99-3.0; p < .001), albumin-creatinine ratio (lnACR: β = 1.14; 95% CI 0.47, 1.8; p < .001), 24 h urinary protein excretion (β = 0.7; 95% CI 0.48, 0.92; p < .001), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (β = -29.4; 95% CI -36.35, -22.4; p < .001), which persisted after adjusting for potential confounders such as age, sex, 24 h BP, inflammation, smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia. A positive predictive relationship was observed between plasma homocysteine levels and PWV, with every 1.0 µmol/L increase in homocysteine associated with a 0.1 m/s increase in PWV. Homocysteine was significantly associated with elevated aldosterone concentration (β = 0.26; p < .001), and with attenuation of ACEi mediated systolic BP lowering and regression of HMOD compared to angiotensin receptor blockers in higher physiological ranges of homocysteine. Our results indicate that homocysteine is associated with hypertension mediated vascular damage and could potentially serve to guide first-line antihypertensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Carnagarin
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Janis M Nolde
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Natalie C Ward
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Leslie Marisol Lugo-Gavidia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Justine Chan
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sandi Robinson
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ancy Jose
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anu Joyson
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Omar Azzam
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Márcio Galindo Kiuchi
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bibombe P Mwipatayi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Surgery, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Markus P Schlaich
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Dobney Hypertension Centre, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Departments of Cardiology and Nephrology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.,Neurovascular Hypertension & Kidney Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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15
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Liang C, Wang QS, Yang X, Zhu D, Sun Y, Niu N, Yao J, Dong BH, Jiang S, Tang LL, Lou J, Yu CJ, Shao Q, Wu MM, Zhang ZR. Homocysteine Causes Endothelial Dysfunction via Inflammatory Factor-Mediated Activation of Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC). Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672335. [PMID: 34222246 PMCID: PMC8247579 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) causes cardiovascular diseases via regulating inflammatory responses. We investigated whether and how the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), a recently identified ion channel in endothelial cells, plays a role in HHcy-induced endothelial dysfunction. Methods Cell-attached patch-clamp recording in acute split-open aortic endothelial cells, western blot, confocal imaging, and wire myograph combined with pharmacological approaches were used to determine whether HHcy-mediated inflammatory signaling leads to endothelial dysfunction via stimulating ENaC. Results The data showed that 4 weeks after L-methionine diet the levels of plasma Hcy were significantly increased and the ENaC was dramatically activated in mouse aortic endothelial cells. Administration of benzamil, a specific ENaC blocker, ameliorated L-methionine diet-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) and reversed Hcy-induced increase in ENaC activity. Pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase, reactive oxygen species (ROS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/thromboxane B2 (TXB2), or serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) effectively attenuated both the Hcy-induced activation of endothelial ENaC and impairment of EDR. Our in vitro data showed that both NADPH oxidase inhibitor and an ROS scavenger reversed Hcy-induced increase in COX-2 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, Hcy-induced increase in expression levels of SGK-1, phosphorylated-SGK-1, and phosphorylated neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 4-2 (p-Nedd4-2) in HUVECs were significantly blunted by a COX-2 inhibitor. Conclusion We show that Hcy activates endothelial ENaC and subsequently impairs EDR of mouse aorta, via ROS/COX-2-dependent activation of SGK-1/Nedd4-2 signaling. Our study provides a rational that blockade of the endothelial ENaC could be potential method to prevent and/or to treat Hcy-induced cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Qiu-Shi Wang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Na Niu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Bi-Han Dong
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Liang-Liang Tang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Lou
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Qun Shao
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Ming-Ming Wu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Ren Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
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16
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Tawfik A, Elsherbiny NM, Zaidi Y, Rajpurohit P. Homocysteine and Age-Related Central Nervous System Diseases: Role of Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126259. [PMID: 34200792 PMCID: PMC8230490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is remarkably common among the aging population. The relation between HHcy and the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and eye diseases, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in elderly people, has been established. Disruption of the blood barrier function of the brain and retina is one of the most important underlying mechanisms associated with HHcy-induced neurodegenerative and retinal disorders. Impairment of the barrier function triggers inflammatory events that worsen disease pathology. Studies have shown that AD patients also suffer from visual impairments. As an extension of the central nervous system, the retina has been suggested as a prominent site of AD pathology. This review highlights inflammation as a possible underlying mechanism of HHcy-induced barrier dysfunction and neurovascular injury in aging diseases accompanied by HHcy, focusing on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Tawfik
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (N.M.E.); (Y.Z.); (P.R.)
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Eye Research Institue, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-706-721-2582; Fax: +1-706-721-9415
| | - Nehal M. Elsherbiny
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (N.M.E.); (Y.Z.); (P.R.)
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Yusra Zaidi
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (N.M.E.); (Y.Z.); (P.R.)
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Pragya Rajpurohit
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (N.M.E.); (Y.Z.); (P.R.)
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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17
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Atazadegan MA, Bagherniya M, Askari G, Tasbandi A, Sahebkar A. The Effects of Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Natural Compounds on Homocysteine. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113081. [PMID: 34064073 PMCID: PMC8196702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Among non-communicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in global communities. By 2030, CVD-related deaths are projected to reach a global rise of 25 million. Obesity, smoking, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperhomocysteinemia are several known risk factors for CVDs. Elevated homocysteine is tightly related to CVDs through multiple mechanisms, including inflammation of the vascular endothelium. The strategies for appropriate management of CVDs are constantly evolving; medicinal plants have received remarkable attention in recent researches, since these natural products have promising effects on the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases. The effects of nutraceuticals and herbal products on CVD/dyslipidemia have been previously studied. However, to our knowledge, the association between herbal bioactive compounds and homocysteine has not been reviewed in details. Thus, the main objective of this study is to review the efficacy of bioactive natural compounds on homocysteine levels according to clinical trials and animal studies. Results: Based on animal studies, black and green tea, cinnamon, resveratrol, curcumin, garlic extract, ginger, and soy significantly reduced the homocysteine levels. According to the clinical trials, curcumin and resveratrol showed favorable effects on serum homocysteine. In conclusion, this review highlighted the beneficial effects of medicinal plants as natural, inexpensive, and accessible agents on homocysteine levels based on animal studies. Nevertheless, the results of the clinical trials were not uniform, suggesting that more well-designed trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Atazadegan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
- Correspondence: or (M.B.); or (A.S.)
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
| | - Aida Tasbandi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Correspondence: or (M.B.); or (A.S.)
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18
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Jiang Q, Wang L, Si X, Tian JL, Zhang Y, Gui HL, Li B, Tan DH. Current progress on the mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular injury and use of natural polyphenol compounds. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 905:174168. [PMID: 33984300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common diseases in the elderly population, and its incidence has rapidly increased with the prolongation of life expectancy. Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, and damage to vascular function plays an initial role in its pathogenesis. This review presents the latest knowledge on the mechanisms of vascular injury caused by hyperhomocysteinemia, including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, protein N-homocysteinization, and epigenetic modification, and discusses the therapeutic targets of natural polyphenols. Studies have shown that natural polyphenols in plants can reduce homocysteine levels and regulate DNA methylation by acting on oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related signaling pathways, thus improving hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular injury. Natural polyphenols obtained via daily diet are safer and have more practical significance in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases than traditional drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jiang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xu Si
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Jin-Long Tian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Hai-Long Gui
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - De-Hong Tan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
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19
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Sun WT, Xue HM, Hou HT, Chen HX, Wang J, He GW, Yang Q. Homocysteine alters vasoreactivity of human internal mammary artery by affecting the K Ca channel family. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:625. [PMID: 33987323 PMCID: PMC8106027 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic heart disease. We previously demonstrated that disruption of calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel activity is involved in homocysteine-induced dilatory dysfunction of porcine coronary arteries. Recently we reported that the KCa channel family, including large-, intermediate-, and small-conductance KCa (BKCa, IKCa, and SKCa) subtypes, are abundantly expressed in human internal mammary artery (IMA). In this study, we further investigated whether homocysteine affects the expression and functionality of the KCa channel family in this commonly used graft for coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Methods Residual IMA segments obtained from patients undergoing CABG were studied in a myograph for the role of KCa subtypes in both vasorelaxation and vasoconstriction. The expression and distribution of KCa subtypes were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results Both the BKCa channel activator NS1619 and the IKCa/SKCa channel activator NS309 evoked significant IMA relaxation. Homocysteine exposure suppressed NS1619-induced relaxation whereas showed no influence on NS309-induced response. Blockade of BKCa but not IKCa and SKCa subtypes significantly suppressed acetylcholine-induced relaxation and enhanced U46619-induced contraction. Homocysteine compromised the vasodilating activity of the BKCa subtype in IMA, associated with a lowered protein level of the BKCa β1-subunit. Homocysteine potentiated the role of IKCa and SKCa subtypes in mediating endothelium-dependent relaxation without affecting the expression of these channels. Conclusions Homocysteine reduces the expression of BKCa β1-subunit and compromises the vasodilating activity of BKCa channels in IMA. Unlike BKCa, IKCa and SKCa subtypes are unessential for IMA vasoregulation, whereas the loss of BKCa functionality in hyperhomocysteinemia enhances the role of IKCa and SKCa subtypes in mediating endothelial dilator function. Targeting BKCa channels may form a strategy to improve the postoperative graft performance in CABG patients with hyperhomocysteinemia who receive IMA grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Sun
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xue
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Hou
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Qin Yang
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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20
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Cui JZ, Harris KC, Raedschelders K, Hollander Z, Potts JE, De Souza A, Kiess M, McManus BM, Bernatchez P, Raffin LA, Paine H, van Breemen C, Sandor GGS, Esfandiarei M. Aortic Dimensions, Biophysical Properties, and Plasma Biomarkers in Children and Adults with Marfan or Loeys-Dietz Syndrome. CJC Open 2020; 3:585-594. [PMID: 34027363 PMCID: PMC8134910 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aortic dilation, stiffening, and dissection are common and potentially lethal complications of Marfan syndrome (MFS) and Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), which involve abnormal transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling. The relation of aortic dimensions, stiffness, and biomarker levels is unknown. The objective of this study was to measure aortic dimensions, stiffness, TGF-β and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels, and endothelial function in patients with MFS, and to compare TGF-β levels in patients with MFS receiving different therapeutic regimens. Methods This was a cohort study of 40 MFS and 4 LDS patients and 87 control participants. Aortic dimension and stiffness indexes, including pulse wave velocity (PWV), were measured using echocardiography and Doppler. Total and free TGF-β and MMP blood levels were measured using Quantikine (R&D Systems, Inc, Minneapolis, MN) and Quanterix (Billerica, MA) kits. Endothelial function was measured using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. Results PWV was increased in patients with MFS. There were increased MMP-2 levels in those with MFS but no increase in free or total TGF-β or MMP-9 levels compared with control participants. There was no difference in TGF-β levels between MFS patients receiving no medications, angiotensin receptor blockers, and β-blockers. PWV correlated most strongly with age. Endothelial function showed premature gradual decline in patients with MFS. Conclusions Despite the increased PWV, monitoring aortic stiffness or TGF-β levels would not be helpful in patients with MFS. TGF-β levels were not increased and the increased MMP-2 levels suggest consideration of a different therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Z Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Kevin C Harris
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Koen Raedschelders
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute at Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Hollander
- UBC James Hogg Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James E Potts
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Astrid De Souza
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marla Kiess
- Division of Cardiology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bruce M McManus
- UBC James Hogg Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leslie A Raffin
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Heidi Paine
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelis van Breemen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - George G S Sandor
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mitra Esfandiarei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
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21
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Talenezhad N, Rahmanian M, Mirzavandi F, Hosseinzadeh M, Fallahzadeh H, Reza JZ, Mozaffari-Khosravi H. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on oxidative and metabolic status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Xiao Y, Xia J, Cheng J, Huang H, Zhou Y, Yang X, Su X, Ke Y, Ling W. Inhibition of S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase Induces Endothelial Dysfunction via Epigenetic Regulation of p66shc-Mediated Oxidative Stress Pathway. Circulation 2020; 139:2260-2277. [PMID: 30773021 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.036336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), the precursor of homocysteine, are positively associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease and with the development and progression of atherosclerosis. However, the role of SAH in endothelial dysfunction is unclear. METHODS Apolipoprotein E-deficient ( apoE-/-) mice received dietary supplementation with the SAH hydrolase (SAHH) inhibitor adenosine dialdehyde or were intravenously injected with a retrovirus expressing SAHH shRNA. These 2 approaches, along with the heterozygous SAHH gene knockout ( SAHH+/-) mouse model, were used to elevate plasma SAH levels and to examine the role of SAH in aortic endothelial dysfunction. The relationship between plasma SAH levels and endothelial dysfunction was also investigated in human patients with coronary artery disease and healthy control subjects. RESULTS Plasma SAH levels were increased in SAHH+/- mice and in apoE-/- mice after dietary administration of adenosine dialdehyde or intravenous injection with SAHH shRNA. SAHH+/- mice or apoE-/- mice with SAHH inhibition showed impaired endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability after treatment with acetylcholine; this was completely abolished by the administration of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. Furthermore, SAHH inhibition induced production of reactive oxygen species and p66shc expression in the mouse aorta and human aortic endothelial cells. Antioxidants and p66shc siRNA prevented SAHH inhibition-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and attenuated the impaired endothelial vasomotor responses in high-SAH mice. Moreover, inhibition of SAHH induced hypomethylation in the p66shc gene promoter and inhibited expression of DNA methyltransferase 1. Overexpression of DNA methyltransferase 1, induced by transduction of an adenovirus, was sufficient to abrogate SAHH inhibition-induced upregulation of p66shc expression. Finally, plasma SAH levels were inversely associated with flow-mediated dilation and hypomethylation of the p66shc gene promoter and positively associated with oxidative stress levels in patients with coronary artery disease and healthy control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that inhibition of SAHH results in elevated plasma SAH levels and induces endothelial dysfunction via epigenetic upregulation of the p66shc-mediated oxidative stress pathway. Our study provides novel molecular insight into mechanisms of SAH-associated endothelial injury that may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT03345927.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjun Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology (Y.X., J.X., J.C., Y.Z., YK.), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology (Y.X., J.X., J.C., Y.Z., YK.), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology (Y.X., J.X., J.C., Y.Z., YK.), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen (H.H., X.Y.), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Yani Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology (Y.X., J.X., J.C., Y.Z., YK.), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen (H.H., X.Y.), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuefen Su
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China (X.S.)
| | - Yuebin Ke
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology (Y.X., J.X., J.C., Y.Z., YK.), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (W.L.)
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23
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Kaur K, Singh N, Dhawan RK. Exploring the role of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-mediated reduction in tissue asymmetrical dimethylarginine levels in cardio-protective mechanism of ischaemic postconditioning in rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 22:1415-1423. [PMID: 32133059 PMCID: PMC7043882 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.14067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Reperfusion of ischaemic myocardium results in reduced nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) leading to endothelial dysfunction and subsequent tissue damage. Impaired NO biosynthesis may be partly due to increased levels of asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of eNOS. As dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) is a key enzyme responsible for degradation of ADMA, the present study was designed to explore the role of DDAH/ADMA/NO pathway in cardio-protective mechanism of ischaemic postconditioning. Materials and Methods Isolated rat hearts were subjected to myocardial ischaemia for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 2 hours in control group. Myocardial injury was assessed by measurement of infarct size, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) enzymes in coronary effluents. The reperfused hearts were homogenised and tissue concentration of nitrite, ADMA level and DDAH enzyme activity was determined. Results A significant increase in infarct size, LDH, CK release in coronary effluents and ADMA level in myocardial tissue was observed in control group. The increase in tissue ADMA coincided with reductions of NO tissue concentrations and DDAH activity. Ischaemic postconditioning significantly attenuated ischaemia-reperfusion induced myocardial injury manifested in the terms of decreased infarct size, LDH, CK, tissue ADMA along with increase in NO levels and DDAH enzyme activity. Pretreatment with L-Homocysteine (300 µM), a competitive inhibitor of DDAH, and L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 100 µM), an inhibitor of eNOS, completely abolished ischaemic postconditioning-induced myocardial protection. Conclusion Enhancing DDAH activity by postconditioning may be a novel target to reduce ADMA level and increase NO bioavailability to prevent myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala
| | - Nirmal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala
| | - R K Dhawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar
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24
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Mechanisms of homocysteine-induced damage to the endothelial, medial and adventitial layers of the arterial wall. Biochimie 2020; 173:100-106. [PMID: 32105811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a non-protein forming amino acid which is the direct metabolic precursor of methionine. Increased concentration of serum Hcy is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is specifically linked to various diseases of the vasculature. Serum Hcy is associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension and aneurysms of the aorta in humans, though the precise mechanisms by which Hcy contributes to these conditions remain elusive. Results from clinical trials that successfully lowered serum Hcy without reducing features of vascular disease in cardiovascular patients have cast doubt on whether or not Hcy directly impacts the vasculature. However, studies in animals and in cell culture suggest that Hcy has a vast array of toxic effects on the vasculature, with demonstrated roles in endothelial dysfunction, medial remodeling and adventitial inflammation. It is hypothesized that rather than serum Hcy, tissue-bound Hcy and the incorporation of Hcy into proteins could underlie the toxic effects of Hcy on the vasculature. In this review, we present evidence for Hcy-associated vascular disease in humans, and we critically examine the possible mechanisms by which Hcy specifically impacts the endothelial, medial and adventitial layers of the arterial wall. Deciphering the mechanisms by which Hcy interacts with proteins in the arterial wall will allow for a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia and will help to define a better means of prevention at the appropriate window of life.
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25
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Hydrogen Sulfide Protects Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Renal Damage by Modulation of Caveolin and eNOS Interaction. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2223. [PMID: 30778103 PMCID: PMC6379383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of homocysteine (Hcy) during chronic kidney failure (CKD) can exert toxic effects on the glomeruli and tubulo-interstitial region. Among the potential mechanisms, the formation of highly reactive metabolite, Hcy thiolactone, is known to modify proteins by N-homocysteinylation, leading to protein degradation, stress and impaired function. Previous studies documented impaired nitric oxide production and altered caveolin expression in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), leading to endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to determine whether Hhcy homocysteinylates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and alters caveolin-1 expression to decrease nitric oxide bioavailability, causing hypertension and renal dysfunction. We also examined whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) could dehomocysteinylate eNOS to protect the kidney. WT and Cystathionine β-Synthase deficient (CBS+/-) mice representing HHcy were treated without or with sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS), a H2S donor (30 µM), in drinking water for 8 weeks. Hhcy mice (CBS+/-) showed low levels of plasma H2S, elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and renal dysfunction. H2S treatment reduced SBP and improved renal function. Hhcy was associated with homocysteinylation of eNOS, reduced enzyme activity and upregulation of caveolin-1 expression. Further, Hhcy increased extracellular matrix (ECM) protein deposition and disruption of gap junction proteins, connexins. H2S treatment reversed the changes above and transfection of triple genes producing H2S (CBS, CSE and 3MST) showed reduction of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. We conclude that during Hhcy, homocysteinylation of eNOS and disruption of caveolin-mediated regulation leads to ECM remodeling and hypertension, and H2S treatment attenuates renovascular damage.
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26
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Abdulle AE, van Goor H, Mulder DJ. Hydrogen Sulfide: A Therapeutic Option in Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E4121. [PMID: 30572591 PMCID: PMC6320961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a lethal disease that is characterized by auto-immunity, vascular injury, and progressive fibrosis of multiple organ systems. Despite the fact that the exact etiology of SSc remains unknown, oxidative stress has been associated with a large range of SSc-related complications. In addition to the well-known detrimental properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS), gasotransmitters (e.g., nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)) are also thought to play an important role in SSc. Accordingly, the diverse physiologic actions of NO and CO and their role in SSc have been previously studied. Recently, multiple studies have also shown the importance of the third gasotransmitter H₂S in both vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Interestingly, homocysteine (which is converted into H₂S through the transsulfuration pathway) is often found to be elevated in SSc patients; suggesting defects in the transsulfuration pathway. Hydrogen sulfide, which is known to have several effects, including a strong antioxidant and vasodilator effect, could potentially play a prominent role in the initiation and progression of vasculopathy. A better understanding of the actions of gasotransmitters, like H₂S, in the development of SSc-related vasculopathy, could help to create early interventions to attenuate the disease course. This paper will review the role of H₂S in vascular (patho-)physiology and potential disturbances in SSc. Moreover, current data from experimental animal studies will be reviewed. Lastly, we will evaluate potential interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaal Eman Abdulle
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Section Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Douwe J Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
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27
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Chen L, Lei L, Li T, Yan J, Jiang J. A20 alleviates the vascular remodeling induced by homocysteine. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:3991-4003. [PMID: 30662645 PMCID: PMC6325502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for multiple cardiovascular diseases. The pathogenesis of homocysteine-induced vascular remodeling has not yet been elucidated. In vivo, we established hyperhomocysteinemia model with high L-methionine diet and found that the accumulation of macrophages, proliferation of VSMCs and decreased expression of A20 in the aorta of mice fed with high methionine diet. In vitro, we found that the overexpression of A20 suppressed the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB p65 and attenuated homocysteine-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs. However, down-regulation of A20 reversed the protective effects above. Moreover, A20 attenuated homocysteine-induced vascular remodeling by alleviating the activation of inflammation and suppressing the proliferation and migration of VSMCs through enhanced nuclear translocation of IRF3 and binding to PPAR-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiangtao Yan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiangang Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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28
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Price BR, Wilcock DM, Weekman EM. Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor for Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:350. [PMID: 30429785 PMCID: PMC6220027 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Behind only Alzheimer's disease, vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is the second most common cause of dementia, affecting roughly 10-40% of dementia patients. While there is no cure for VCID, several risk factors for VCID, such as diabetes, hypertension, and stroke, have been identified. Elevated plasma levels of homocysteine, termed hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), are a major, yet underrecognized, risk factor for VCID. B vitamin deficiency, which is the most common cause of HHcy, is common in the elderly. With B vitamin supplementation being a relatively safe and inexpensive therapeutic, the treatment of HHcy-induced VCID would seem straightforward; however, preclinical and clinical data shows it is not. Clinical trials using B vitamin supplementation have shown conflicting results about the benefits of lowering homocysteine and issues have arisen over proper study design within the trials. Studies using cell culture and animal models have proposed several mechanisms for homocysteine-induced cognitive decline, providing other targets for therapeutics. For this review, we will focus on HHcy as a risk factor for VCID, specifically, the different mechanisms proposed for homocysteine-induced cognitive decline and the clinical trials aimed at lowering plasma homocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erica M. Weekman
- Department of Physiology, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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29
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The role of epigenetics in cardiovascular health and ageing: A focus on physical activity and nutrition. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 174:76-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Yuyun MF, Ng LL, Ng GA. Endothelial dysfunction, endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability, tetrahydrobiopterin, and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in cardiovascular disease. Where are we with therapy? Microvasc Res 2018; 119:7-12. [PMID: 29596860 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis around vascular endothelium is a function of the equilibrium between the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and oxidizing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Within the vascular endothelium, NO enhances vasodilatation, reduces platelet aggression and adhesion (anti-thrombotic), prevents smooth muscle proliferation, inhibits adhesion of leukocytes and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines genes (anti-inflammatory), and counters the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. A shift in the equilibrium that favours NO deficiency and ROS formation leads to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. The synthesis of NO is catalysed by nitric oxide synthase and co-factored by tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and flavin mononucleotide (FMN). The focus of this review is on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), although we recognize that the other nitric oxide synthases may contribute as well. Levels of homocysteine and the active metabolite of folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), play a determining role in circulating levels of nitric oxide. We review endothelial nitric oxide bioavailabilty in relation to endothelial dysfunction as well as the therapeutic strategies involving the nitric oxide synthesis pathway. Although folate supplementation improves endothelial function, results from large clinical trials and meta-analyses on palpable clinical endpoints have been inconsistent. There are however, encouraging results from animal and clinical studies of supplementation with the co-factor for nitric oxide synthesis, BH4, though its tendency to be oxidized to dihydrobiopterin (BH2) remains problematic. Understanding how to maintain a high ratio of BH4 to BH2 appears to be the key that will likely unlock the therapeutic potential of nitric oxide synthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F Yuyun
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; The Landsman Heart and Vascular Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, 41 Burlington Mall Road, Burlington, MA 01805, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, 145 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Leong L Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - G André Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
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Zhu J, Zhao Y, Yu L, Wang M, Li Q, Xu S. Pioglitazone restores the homocysteine‑impaired function of endothelial progenitor cells via the inhibition of the protein kinase C/NADPH oxidase pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1637-1643. [PMID: 29901193 PMCID: PMC6072150 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) has been shown to impair the migratory and adhesive activity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). As a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist, pioglitazone (PIO) has been predicted to regulate angiogenesis, and cell adhesion, migration and survival. The aim of the present study was to determine whether PIO could inhibit Hcy-induced EPC dysfunctions such as impairments of cell migration and adhesion. EPC migration and adhesion were assayed using 8.0-µm pore size Transwell membranes and fibronectin-coated culture dishes, respectively. Hcy at a concentration of 200 µM was observed to markedly impair cell migration and adhesiveness, and PIO at a concentration of 10 µM attenuated the Hcy-mediated inhibition of EPC migration and adhesion. The mechanism of these effects may be through the inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) and reactive oxygen species production. The expression levels of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits, NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) and p67phox, were upregulated by Hcy, with a peak in levels following treatment with a concentration of 200 µM. PIO downregulated the expression levels of Nox2 and p67phox via the PKC signaling pathway. Furthermore, the mechanism of PIO associated with downregulating the p67phox and Nox2 subunits of NADPH oxidase was verified. Thus, PKC and NADPH oxidase may serve a major role in the protective effects of PIO in EPCs under conditions of high Hcy concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Yanbo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Meihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Qinfeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Shengjie Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
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Hemanth Kumar B, Dinesh Kumar B, Diwan PV. Hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid, protects against l-methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia by abrogation of oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and neurotoxicity in Wistar rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:146-155. [PMID: 27677544 PMCID: PMC7011910 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1231695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hesperidin (HSP), a flavanoglycone found in citrus fruits, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the protective effect of HSP on l-methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups as DMSO, l-methionine, HSP (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg), HSP-per se (100 mg/kg) and donepezil (0.1 mg/kg). HHcy was induced by oral administration of l-methionine (1.7 g/kg) for 32 days. From the 14th day of study HSP (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) and donepezil was administered orally to l-methionine-treated rats. Cognitive impairment induced by HHcy was determined using the Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze on video tracking system (28th-32nd day). Different biomarkers of HHcy in serum and brain and vascular reactivity were evaluated and histopathology (thoracic aorta and brain) was done. RESULTS HSP (100 mg/kg) treatment in l-methionine-treated rats exhibited significant (p < 0.001) dose-dependent activity and reduced behavioural deficits, brain acetylcholinesterase (25.99 ± 2.36 versus 10.73 ± 1.26 μmoles/mg), brain lipid peroxidation (15.25 ± 1.65 versus 6.18 ± 0.74 nM/mg), serum homocysteine (Hcy) (22.37 ± 0.30 versus 11.01 ± 1.01 μg/mL) and serum cholesterol (182.7 ± 2.15 versus 101.5 ± 2.76 mg/dL) and increased brain antioxidant levels. HSP significantly (p < 0.001) reduced endothelial dysfunction (ED) by abolishing the effect of l-methionine on acetylcholine-induced endothelial-dependent relaxation and increased serum nitrite and vascular nitric oxide bioavailability along with the restoration of histological aberrations. CONCLUSION HSP exerts a protective effect on HHcy by abrogating oxidative stress, ED and neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Hemanth Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions (Formerly Lalitha College of Pharmacy), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research and Development cell, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - B. Dinesh Kumar
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre (FDTRC), National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prakash V. Diwan
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions (Formerly Lalitha College of Pharmacy), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Maratha Mandal Research Center, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
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Zhou X, Razmovski-Naumovski V, Kam A, Chang D, Li C, Bensoussan A, Chan K. Synergistic Effects of Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Sanqi (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Combination in Angiogenesis Behavior in EAhy 926 Cells. MEDICINES 2017; 4:medicines4040085. [PMID: 29160857 PMCID: PMC5750609 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4040085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the combination effects of the Danshen and Sanqi herb pair on angiogenesis in vitro. Methods: Nine combination ratios of Danshen-Sanqi extracts (DS-SQ) were screened for their angiogenic effects in the human vascular endothelial EAhy 926 cell line via cell proliferation, cell migration and tube formation activities against the damage to the cells exerted by DL-homocysteine (Hcy) and adenosine (Ado). The type of interaction (synergistic, antagonistic, additive) between Danshen and Sanqi was analyzed using combination index (CI) and isobologram models. The angiogenic activities of key bioactive compounds from Danshen and Sanqi were tested in the same models. Results: DS-SQ ratios of 2:8 and 3:7 (50-300 µg/mL) potentiated angiogenic synergistic effects (CI < 1) in all three assays. The observed wound healing effects of DS-SQ 2:8 was significantly attenuated by phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3K), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) inhibitors which inferred the potential mechanistic pathways. Out of all the tested compounds, Notoginsenoside R1 from Sanqi exhibited the most potent bioactivity in cell proliferation assay. Conclusions: This study provides scientific evidence to support the traditional use of the Danshen-Sanqi combination for vascular disease, in particular through their synergistic interactions on previously unexamined angiogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Valentina Razmovski-Naumovski
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia.
| | - Antony Kam
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Dennis Chang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Chunguang Li
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Alan Bensoussan
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Kelvin Chan
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
- Faculty of Sciences, TCM Division, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Qaradakhi T, Matsoukas MT, Hayes A, Rybalka E, Caprnda M, Rimarova K, Sepsi M, Büsselberg D, Kruzliak P, Matsoukas J, Apostolopoulos V, Zulli A. Alamandine reverses hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular dysfunction via PKA-dependent mechanisms. Cardiovasc Ther 2017; 35. [PMID: 28901725 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) impairs nitric oxide endothelium-dependent vasodilation, consequently leading to atherosclerosis, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Novel treatments for HHcy are necessary. AIM We tested the hypothesis that alamandine, a vasoactive peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), could reverse HHcy-induced vascular dysfunction through the MrgD receptor and that this is mediated by the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. Furthermore, we sought to determine a putative binding model of alamandine to the MrgD receptor through docking and molecular dynamics simulations. METHOD The abdominal aorta was excised from New Zealand white rabbits (n = 15) and incubated with 3 mmol/L Hcy (to mimic HHcy) to induce vascular dysfunction in vitro. Vascular function was assessed by vasodilatory responses to cumulative doses of acetylcholine. RESULT Vasodilation was significantly impaired in HHcy-incubated aortic rings while alamandine reversed this effect (control, 74.2 ± 5.0%; Hcy, 30.3 ± 9.8%; alamandine + Hcy, 59.7 ± 4.8%, P < .0001). KT5720 (PKA inhibitor) significantly inhibited the ability of alamandine to attenuate the impaired vasodilation caused by HHcy (KT5720 + Hcy + alamandine, 27.1 ± 24.1, P < .01). Following immunohistochemistry analysis, the MrgD receptor was highly expressed within the media and endothelial layer of aortic rings in HHcy compared to control (media: 0.23 ± 0.003 vs control 0.16 ± 0.01, P < .05 and endothelium: 0.68 ± 0.07 vs control 0.13 ± 0.02, P < .01, in PA/I (A.U) units). Computational studies also propose certain interactions of alamandine within the MrgD transmembrane domain. CONCLUSION This study shows that alamandine is effective in reversing HHcy-induced vascular dysfunction, possibly through the PKA signaling pathway via MrgD. Our results indicate a therapeutic potential of alamandine in reversing the detrimental effects of HHcy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawar Qaradakhi
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | | | - Alan Hayes
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Emma Rybalka
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kvetoslava Rimarova
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Milan Sepsi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Qatar Foundation - Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Xu S, Zhao Y, Jin C, Yu L, Ding F, Fu G, Zhu J. PKC/NADPH oxidase are involved in the protective effect of pioglitazone in high homocysteine-induced paracrine dyfunction in endothelial progenitor cells. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:1037-1048. [PMID: 28386331 PMCID: PMC5375996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that EPCs improve neovascularization and endothelial regeneration via the production of paracrine factors. VEGF and IL-8 are major cytokines involved in EPC-mediated angiogenesis and re-endothelialization. In our previous studies, Hcy impaired EPC migratory and adhesive activities. We devised this study to determine whether Hcy could affect the expression and secretion of VEGF and IL-8 from EPCs. We found that high levels of Hcy (100-500 μM) decreased the EPC-mediated protein secretion and mRNA expression of VEGF and IL-8. Moreover, PIO, a PPARγ agonist, has been suggested to regulate EPC adhesion, migration, survival. In this study, PIO normalized the production of these cytokines by EPCs stimulated with Hcy. These effects of Hcy and PIO were primarily mediated by PKC and ROS via NADPH oxidase. We further confirmed this mechanism via knockdown of the NADPH oxidase subunits p67phox and Nox2. Furthermore, the PPARγ inhibitor GW9662 was not observed to abrogate the beneficial effect of PIO, indicating that PIO protected EPC paracrine function against Hcy in a PPARγ-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yanbo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Chongying Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Fang Ding
- The Province Center for Cardio-Cerebral-Vascular Disease, Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Junhui Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016, China
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Qin X, Li Y, Sun N, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li J, Xu X, Liang M, Nie J, Wang B, Cheng X, Li N, Sun Y, Zhao L, Wang X, Hou FF, Huo Y. Elevated Homocysteine Concentrations Decrease the Antihypertensive Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Hypertensive Patients. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:166-172. [PMID: 27834686 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
We aimed to examine whether baseline homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations affect antihypertensive responses to enalapril treatment among previously untreated hypertensive patients (n=10 783) in the CSPPT (China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial).
Approach and Results—
After a 3-week run-in treatment with a daily dose of 10 mg enalapril, eligible hypertensive patients were randomly assigned to a double-blind daily treatment of a tablet of either enalapril (10 mg) and folic acid (0.8 mg) or enalapril (10 mg) alone for a median of 4.5 years. After the 3-week treatment period with enalapril alone, the systolic blood pressure–lowering effect was significantly reduced by 1.39 (95% confidence interval 0.40–2.37) and 3.25 (95% confidence interval 1.98–4.52) mm Hg, respectively, in those with baseline Hcy concentrations of 10 to 15 and ≥15 μmol/L (
P
for trend <0.001) as compared with those with Hcy concentration of <10 μmol/L. Similar results were observed after a 15-week treatment period with enalapril alone. After a median 4.5-year enalapril-based antihypertensive treatment period, compared with those with Hcy concentration of <10 μmol/L, the systolic blood pressure–lowering effect was still significantly reduced by 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.01–1.53) and 1.70 (95% confidence interval 0.72–2.68) mm Hg, respectively, in those with Hcy concentrations of 10 to 15 and ≥15 μmol/L (
P
for trend <0.001). In addition, participants with higher baseline Hcy concentrations had persistently higher systolic blood pressure levels across the entire study treatment period. Similarly, baseline Hcy concentrations were inversely associated with diastolic blood pressure reduction during the short-term enalapril alone treatment. However, the inverse association between baseline Hcy and diastolic blood pressure reduction was attenuated and became insignificant after the long-term enalapril-based treatment period.
Conclusions—
Elevated Hcy concentrations significantly decreased the antihypertensive effect of the short-term and long-term enalapril-based antihypertensive treatment in previously untreated hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Qin
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Youbao Li
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Ningling Sun
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Hong Wang
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Yan Zhang
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Jiguang Wang
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Jianping Li
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Xin Xu
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Min Liang
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Jing Nie
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Binyan Wang
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Nanfang Li
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Yingxian Sun
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Lianyou Zhao
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
| | - Yong Huo
- From the Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China (X.Q., Y.L., X.X., M.L., J.N., B.W., F.F.H.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China (N.S.); Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, PA (H.W.); Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.Z., J.L., Y.H
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Kong X, Qu X, Li B, Wang Z, Chao Y, Jiang X, Wu W, Chen SL. Modulation of low shear stress-induced eNOS multi-site phosphorylation and nitric oxide production via protein kinase and ERK1/2 signaling. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:908-914. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Lehotský J, Tothová B, Kovalská M, Dobrota D, Beňová A, Kalenská D, Kaplán P. Role of Homocysteine in the Ischemic Stroke and Development of Ischemic Tolerance. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:538. [PMID: 27932944 PMCID: PMC5120102 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a toxic, sulfur-containing intermediate of methionine metabolism. Hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy), as a consequence of impaired Hcy metabolism or defects in crucial co-factors that participate in its recycling, is assumed as an independent human stroke risk factor. Neural cells are sensitive to prolonged hHcy treatment, because Hcy cannot be metabolized either by the transsulfuration pathway or by the folate/vitamin B12 independent remethylation pathway. Its detrimental effect after ischemia-induced damage includes accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and posttranslational modifications of proteins via homocysteinylation and thiolation. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is an adaptive response of the CNS to sub-lethal ischemia, which elevates tissues tolerance to subsequent ischemia. The main focus of this review is on the recent data on homocysteine metabolism and mechanisms of its neurotoxicity. In this context, the review documents an increased oxidative stress and functional modification of enzymes involved in redox balance in experimentally induced hyperhomocysteinemia. It also gives an interpretation whether hyperhomocysteinemia alone or in combination with IPC affects the ischemia-induced neurodegenerative changes as well as intracellular signaling. Studies document that hHcy alone significantly increased Fluoro-Jade C- and TUNEL-positive cell neurodegeneration in the rat hippocampus as well as in the cortex. IPC, even if combined with hHcy, could still preserve the neuronal tissue from the lethal ischemic effects. This review also describes the changes in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) protein pathways following ischemic injury and IPC. These studies provide evidence for the interplay and tight integration between ERK and p38 MAPK signaling mechanisms in response to the hHcy and also in association of hHcy with ischemia/IPC challenge in the rat brain. Further investigations of the protective factors leading to ischemic tolerance and recognition of the co-morbid risk factors would result in development of new avenues for exploration of novel therapeutics against ischemia and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ján Lehotský
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and BioMed, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava Martin, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Tothová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and BioMed, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava Martin, Slovakia
| | - Maria Kovalská
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and BioMed, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in BratislavaMartin, Slovakia; Institute of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in BratislavaMartin, Slovakia
| | - Dušan Dobrota
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and BioMed, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava Martin, Slovakia
| | - Anna Beňová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and BioMed, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Kalenská
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and BioMed, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kaplán
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and BioMed, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava Martin, Slovakia
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Hemanth Kumar B, Arun Reddy R, Mahesh Kumar J, Dinesh Kumar B, Diwan PV. Effects of fisetin on hyperhomocysteinemia-induced experimental endothelial dysfunction and vascular dementia. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 95:32-42. [PMID: 27901381 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of fisetin (FST) on hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-induced experimental endothelial dysfunction (ED) and vascular dementia (VaD) in rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: control, vehicle control, l-methionine, FST (5, 10, and 25 mg/kg, p.o.), FST-per se (25 mg/kg, p.o.), and donepezil (0.1 mg/kg, p.o.). l-Methionine administration (1.7 g/kg, p.o.) for 32 days induced HHcy. ED and VaD induced by HHcy were determined by vascular reactivity measurements, behavioral analysis using Morris water maze and Y-maze, along with a biochemical and histological evaluation of thoracic aorta and brain tissues. Administration of l-methionine developed behavioral deficits; triggered brain lipid peroxidation (LPO); compromised brain acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE); and reduced the levels of brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), brain catalase (CAT), brain reduced glutathione (GSH), and serum nitrite; and increased serum homocysteine and cholesterol levels. These effects were accompanied by decreased vascular NO bioavailability, marked intimal thickening of the aorta, and multiple necrotic foci in brain cortex. HHcy-induced alterations in the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH, AChE, LPO, behavioral deficits, ED, and histological aberrations were significantly attenuated by treatment with fisetin in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our results indicate that fisetin exerts endothelial and neuroprotective effects against HHcy-induced ED and VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyina Hemanth Kumar
- a Department of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions (Formerly Lalitha College of Pharmacy), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,b Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research and Development Cell, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ravula Arun Reddy
- a Department of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions (Formerly Lalitha College of Pharmacy), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,c Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Jerald Mahesh Kumar
- d Animal House Facility, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - B Dinesh Kumar
- e National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Food & Drug Toxicology Research Centre (FDTRC), Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Prakash V Diwan
- a Department of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions (Formerly Lalitha College of Pharmacy), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,f Maratha Mandal Central Research Laboratory, Belagavi-590010, Karnataka, India
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Veeranki S, Gandhapudi SK, Tyagi SC. Interactions of hyperhomocysteinemia and T cell immunity in causation of hypertension. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 95:239-246. [PMID: 27398734 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), there is a debate on whether HHcy is a risk factor or just a biomarker. Interestingly, homocysteine lowering strategies in humans had very little effect on reducing the cardiovascular risk, as compared with animals; this may suggest heterogeneity in human population and epigenetic alterations. Moreover, there are only few studies that suggest the idea that HHcy contributes to CVD in the presence of other risk factors such as inflammation, a known risk factor for CVD. Elevated levels of homocysteine have been shown to contribute to inflammation. Here, we highlight possible relationships between homocysteine, T cell immunity, and hypertension, and summarize the evidence that suggested these factors act together in increasing the risk for CVD. In light of this new evidence, we further propose that there is a need for evaluation of the causes of HHcy, defective remethylation or defective transsulfuration, which may differentially modulate hypertension progression, not just the homocysteine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Veeranki
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, A-1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 South Pres Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, A-1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 South Pres Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Siva K Gandhapudi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, A-1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 South Pres Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, A-1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 South Pres Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, A-1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 South Pres Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, A-1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 South Pres Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
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Xi H, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Yang WY, Jiang X, Sha X, Cheng X, Wang J, Qin X, Yu J, Ji Y, Yang X, Wang H. Caspase-1 Inflammasome Activation Mediates Homocysteine-Induced Pyrop-Apoptosis in Endothelial Cells. Circ Res 2016; 118:1525-39. [PMID: 27006445 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.308501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Endothelial injury is an initial mechanism mediating cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE Here, we investigated the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on programed cell death in endothelial cells (EC). METHODS AND RESULTS We established a novel flow-cytometric gating method to define pyrotosis (Annexin V(-)/Propidium iodide(+)). In cultured human EC, we found that: (1) homocysteine and lipopolysaccharide individually and synergistically induced inflammatory pyroptotic and noninflammatory apoptotic cell death; (2) homocysteine/lipopolysaccharide induced caspase-1 activation before caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3 activations; (3) caspase-1/caspase-3 inhibitors rescued homocysteine/lipopolysaccharide-induced pyroptosis/apoptosis, but caspase-8/caspase-9 inhibitors had differential rescue effect; (4) homocysteine/lipopolysaccharide-induced nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, and leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) protein caused NLRP3-containing inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 activation, and interleukin (IL)-1β cleavage/activation; (5) homocysteine/lipopolysaccharide elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species, (6) intracellular oxidative gradient determined cell death destiny as intermediate intracellular reactive oxygen species levels are associated with pyroptosis, whereas high reactive oxygen species corresponded to apoptosis; (7) homocysteine/lipopolysaccharide induced mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and cytochrome-c release, and increased B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma 2 ratio which were attenuated by antioxidants and caspase-1 inhibitor; and (8) antioxidants extracellular superoxide dismutase and catalase prevented homocysteine/lipopolysaccharide -induced caspase-1 activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and pyroptosis/apoptosis. In cystathionine β-synthase-deficient (Cbs(-/-)) mice, severe hyperhomocysteinemia-induced caspase-1 activation in isolated lung EC and caspase-1 expression in aortic endothelium, and elevated aortic caspase-1, caspase-9 protein/activity and B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma 2 ratio in Cbs(-/-) aorta and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Finally, homocysteine-induced DNA fragmentation was reversed in caspase-1(-/-) EC. Hyperhomocysteinemia-induced aortic endothelial dysfunction was rescued in caspase-1(-/-) and NLRP3(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS Hyperhomocysteinemia preferentially induces EC pyroptosis via caspase-1-dependent inflammasome activation leading to endothelial dysfunction. We termed caspase-1 responsive pyroptosis and apoptosis as pyrop-apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xi
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Yuling Zhang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Yanjie Xu
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - William Y Yang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Xiaojin Sha
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Xuebin Qin
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Jun Yu
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Yong Ji
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.).
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Hong Wang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research (H.X., Y.Z., Y.X., W.Y.Y., X.J., J.Y., X.Y., H.W.), Cardiovascular Research (X.S., X.Y., H.W.), Thrombosis Research (X.Y., H.W.), Departments of Pharmacology (X.Y., H.W.), Neuroscience (X.Q.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital, Zhongshan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China (Y.Z., J.W.); Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in Nanchang University, Nan Chang, Jiang Xi, China (Y.X., X.C.); and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Y.J.).
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Shao Y, Chernaya V, Johnson C, Yang WY, Cueto R, Sha X, Zhang Y, Qin X, Sun J, Choi ET, Wang H, Yang XF. Metabolic Diseases Downregulate the Majority of Histone Modification Enzymes, Making a Few Upregulated Enzymes Novel Therapeutic Targets--"Sand Out and Gold Stays". J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2016; 9:49-66. [PMID: 26746407 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-015-9664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether the expression of histone modification enzymes is regulated in physiological and pathological conditions, we took an experimental database mining approach pioneered in our labs to determine a panoramic expression profile of 164 enzymes in 19 human and 17 murine tissues. We have made the following significant findings: (1) Histone enzymes are differentially expressed in cardiovascular, immune, and other tissues; (2) our new pyramid model showed that heart and T cells are among a few tissues in which histone acetylation/deacetylation, and histone methylation/demethylation are in the highest varieties; and (3) histone enzymes are more downregulated than upregulated in metabolic diseases and regulatory T cell (Treg) polarization/ differentiation, but not in tumors. These results have demonstrated a new working model of "Sand out and Gold stays," where more downregulation than upregulation of histone enzymes in metabolic diseases makes a few upregulated enzymes the potential novel therapeutic targets in metabolic diseases and Treg activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Valeria Chernaya
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Candice Johnson
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - William Y Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Ramon Cueto
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xiaojin Sha
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research & Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jianxin Sun
- Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Eric T Choi
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.,Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xiao-feng Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB 1059, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Mai J, Nanayakkara G, Lopez-Pastrana J, Li X, Li YF, Wang X, Song A, Virtue A, Shao Y, Shan H, Liu F, Autieri MV, Kunapuli SP, Iwakura Y, Jiang X, Wang H, Yang XF. Interleukin-17A Promotes Aortic Endothelial Cell Activation via Transcriptionally and Post-translationally Activating p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:4939-54. [PMID: 26733204 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.690081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17)-secreting T helper 17 cells were recently identified as a CD4(+) T helper subset and implicated in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The issues of whether and by what mechanism hyperlipidemic stress induces IL-17A to activate aortic endothelial cells (ECs) and enhance monocyte adhesion remained largely unknown. Using biochemical, immunological, microarray, experimental data mining analysis, and pathological approaches focused on primary human and mouse aortic ECs (HAECs and MAECs) and our newly generated apolipoprotein E (ApoE)(-/-)/IL-17A(-/-) mice, we report the following new findings. 1) The hyperlipidemia stimulus oxidized low density lipoprotein up-regulated IL-17 receptor(s) in HAECs and MAECs. 2) IL-17A activated HAECs and increased human monocyte adhesion in vitro. 3) A deficiency of IL-17A reduced leukocyte adhesion to endothelium in vivo. 3) IL-17A activated HAECs and MAECs via up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), chemokine CXC motif ligand 1 (CXCL1), and CXCL2. 4) IL-17A activated ECs specifically via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway; the inhibition of p38 MAPK in ECs attenuated IL-17A-mediated activation by ameliorating the expression of the aforementioned proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and EC adhesion molecules including intercellular adhesion molecule 1. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that IL-17A activates aortic ECs specifically via p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jietang Mai
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and Departments of Pharmacology and
| | - Gayani Nanayakkara
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Jahaira Lopez-Pastrana
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Xinyuan Li
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and Departments of Pharmacology and
| | - Ya-Feng Li
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Xin Wang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Ai Song
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Anthony Virtue
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and Departments of Pharmacology and
| | - Ying Shao
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Huimin Shan
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Fang Liu
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Michael V Autieri
- Physiology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140 and
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and Physiology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140 and
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and
| | - Hong Wang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and Departments of Pharmacology and
| | - Xiao-Feng Yang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research and Departments of Pharmacology and
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Saha S, Chakraborty PK, Xiong X, Dwivedi SKD, Mustafi SB, Leigh NR, Ramchandran R, Mukherjee P, Bhattacharya R. Cystathionine β-synthase regulates endothelial function via protein S-sulfhydration. FASEB J 2016; 30:441-56. [PMID: 26405298 PMCID: PMC4684530 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-278648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Deficiencies of the human cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) enzyme are characterized by a plethora of vascular disorders and hyperhomocysteinemia. However, several clinical trials demonstrated that despite reduction in homocysteine levels, disease outcome remained unaffected, thus the mechanism of endothelial dysfunction is poorly defined. Here, we show that the loss of CBS function in endothelial cells (ECs) leads to a significant down-regulation of cellular hydrogen sulfide (H2S) by 50% and of glutathione (GSH) by 40%. Silencing CBS in ECs compromised phenotypic and signaling responses to the VEGF that were potentiated by decreased transcription of VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2 and neuropilin (NRP)-1, the primary receptors regulating endothelial function. Transcriptional down-regulation of VEGFR-2 and NRP-1 was mediated by a lack in stability of the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1), which is a sulfhydration target of H2S at residues Cys68 and Cys755. Reinstating H2S but not GSH in CBS-silenced ECs restored Sp1 levels and its binding to the VEGFR-2 promoter and VEGFR-2, NRP-1 expression, VEGF-dependent proliferation, and migration phenotypes. Thus, our study emphasizes the importance of CBS-mediated protein S-sulfhydration in maintaining vascular health and function.-Saha, S., Chakraborty, P. K., Xiong, X., Dwivedi, S. K. D., Mustafi, S. B., Leigh, N. R., Ramchandran, R., Mukherjee, P., Bhattacharya, R. Cystathionine β-synthase regulates endothelial function via protein S-sulfhydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sounik Saha
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Prabir K Chakraborty
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Xunhao Xiong
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Soumyajit Banerjee Mustafi
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Noah R Leigh
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ramani Ramchandran
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- *Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; and Developmental Vascular Biology Program and Zebrafish Drug Screening Core, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Li YF, Huang X, Li X, Gong R, Yin Y, Nelson J, Gao E, Zhang H, Hoffman NE, Houser SR, Madesh M, Tilley DG, Choi ET, Jiang X, Huang CX, Wang H, Yang XF. Caspase-1 mediates hyperlipidemia-weakened progenitor cell vessel repair. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2016; 21:178-91. [PMID: 26709768 DOI: 10.2741/4383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-1 activation senses metabolic danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and mediates the initiation of inflammation in endothelial cells. Here, we examined whether the caspase-1 pathway is responsible for sensing hyperlipidemia as a DAMP in bone marrow (BM)-derived Stem cell antigen-1 positive (Sca-(1+)) stem/progenitor cells and weakening their angiogenic ability. Using biochemical methods, gene knockout, cell therapy and myocardial infarction (MI) models, we had the following findings: 1) Hyperlipidemia induces caspase-1 activity in mouse Sca-(1+) progenitor cells in vivo; 2) Caspase-1 contributes to hyperlipidemia-induced modulation of vascular cell death-related gene expression in vivo; 3) Injection of Sca-1+ progenitor cells from caspase-1(-/-) mice improves endothelial capillary density in heart and decreases cardiomyocyte death in a mouse model of MI; and 4) Caspase-1(-/-) Sca-(1+) progenitor cell therapy improves mouse cardiac function after MI. Our results provide insight on how hyperlipidemia activates caspase-1 in Sca-(1+) progenitor cells, which subsequently weakens Sca-(1+) progenitor cell repair of vasculature injury. These results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of caspase-1 inhibition in improving progenitor cell therapy for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Feng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi 330006, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pharmacology, Thrombosis Research Center
| | - Ren Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi 330006, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pharmacology, Thrombosis Research Center
| | - Jun Nelson
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pharmacology, Thrombosis Research Center
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pharmacology, Thrombosis Research Center
| | - Nicholas E Hoffman
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | | | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | | | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pharmacology, Thrombosis Research Center
| | - Cong-Xin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China,
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences(307 Hospital, PLA), No.8 DongDa Road, FengTai Area, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Center
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Hainsworth AH, Yeo NE, Weekman EM, Wilcock DM. Homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:1008-17. [PMID: 26689889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine is produced physiologically in all cells, and is present in plasma of healthy individuals (plasma [HCy]: 3-10μM). While rare genetic mutations (CBS, MTHFR) cause severe hyperhomocysteinemia ([HCy]: 100-200μM), mild-moderate hyperhomocysteinemia ([HCy]: 10-100μM) is common in older people, and is an independent risk factor for stroke and cognitive impairment. As B-vitamin supplementation (B6, B12 and folate) has well-validated homocysteine-lowering efficacy, this may be a readily-modifiable risk factor in vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Here we review the biochemical and cellular actions of HCy related to VCID. Neuronal actions of HCy were at concentrations above the clinically-relevant range. Effects of HCy <100μM were primarily vascular, including myocyte proliferation, vessel wall fibrosis, impaired nitric oxide signalling, superoxide generation and pro-coagulant actions. HCy-lowering clinical trials relevant to VCID are discussed. Extensive clinical and preclinical data support HCy as a mediator for VCID. In our view further trials of combined B-vitamin supplementation are called for, incorporating lessons from previous trials and from recent experimental work. To maximise likelihood of treatment effect, a future trial should: supply a high-dose, combination supplement (B6, B12 and folate); target the at-risk age range; and target cohorts with low baseline B-vitamin status. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia edited by M. Paul Murphy, Roderick A. Corriveau and Donna M. Wilcock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atticus H Hainsworth
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Centre, St Georges University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
| | - Natalie E Yeo
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Centre, St Georges University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Erica M Weekman
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40536, USA
| | - Donna M Wilcock
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40536, USA.
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Xie D, Yuan Y, Guo J, Yang S, Xu X, Wang Q, Li Y, Qin X, Tang G, Huo Y, Deng G, Wu S, Wang B, Zhang Q, Wang X, Fang P, Wang H, Xu X, Hou F. Hyperhomocysteinemia predicts renal function decline: a prospective study in hypertensive adults. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16268. [PMID: 26553372 PMCID: PMC4639775 DOI: 10.1038/srep16268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyper-homocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with microalbuminuria and glomerular injury in general and diabetic populations. However, HHcy’s role in hypertensive patients was not studied. We investigated whether HHcy is an independent risk factor for renal function decline and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in hypertensive men and women. This was a community-based prospective cohort study of 2,387 hypertensive adults without CKD at baseline, with a mean follow-up of 4.4 years. Baseline and follow-up levels of plasma Hcy, folate, vitamin B12, blood pressure and other pertinent covariables were obtained. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/per 1.73 m2 and an eGFR decline rate >1 ml/min/per 1.73 m2/year. There was a graded association between Hcy tertiles and eGFR decline. Subjects in the 3rd tertile of Hcy levels had an accelerated rate of eGFR decline and an increased risk of incident CKD, as compared with those in the 1st tertile, after adjusting for age, gender, baseline diabetes, SBP, BMI, smoking, dyslipidemia, eGFR, folate and vitamin B12 levels. In conclusion, in this prospective cohort of Chinese hypertensive adults, elevated baseline plasma Hcy can serve as an independent biomarker to predict renal function decline and incident CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xie
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangnan Guo
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglin Yang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Xu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Wang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youbao Li
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Genfu Tang
- School of Health Administration, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangpu Deng
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengjie Wu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binyan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Pu Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiping Xu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanfan Hou
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Hui Z, Zhou X, Li R. Effect of 3,4-dihydroxyacetophenone on endothelial dysfunction in obese rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1149-1154. [PMID: 25693637 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.962060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT 3,4-Dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP) has been reported to possess cardiovascular pharmacological effects. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to determine whether DHAP could improve endothelial function in obese rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, obesity, and DHAP groups and fed a normal, high-fat, and high-fat plus DHAP (10 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) diet, respectively, for 8 weeks. Endothelial-dependent vasodilatation was assessed. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelial cells were determined. Nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression and superoxide production in aorta were evaluated. RESULTS DHAP treatment significantly decreased plasma triglycerides (0.94 ± 0.31 mmol/l versus 1.36 ± 0.29 mmol/l, p < 0.05) and free fatty acids (0.53 ± 0.15 mmol/l versus 0.99 ± 0.24 mmol/l, p < 0.05), reduced serum tumor necrosis factor α (35.56 ± 9.28 pg/ml versus 68.3 ± 10.24 pg/ml, p < 0.05) and malondialdehyde (2.94 ± 0.58 pg/ml versus 6.45 ± 0.70 pg/ml, p < 0.05), and increased serum adiponectin levels (164.5 ± 34.5 μg/l versus 84.5 ± 20.4 μg/l, p < 0.05). DHAP enhanced endothelial-dependent vasodilatation and improved endothelial function in obese rats (p < 0.05). eNOS activity and NO production in endothelial cells significantly decreased and NF-κB activation and superoxide production in aorta significantly increased in obese rats compared with the control group (p < 0.05). However, DHAP treatment significantly up-regulated the eNOS-NO pathway and decreased NF-κB activation and superoxide production (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION DHAP improved endothelial function in obese rats. This beneficial effect may be associated with up-regulation of the eNOS-NO pathway by improving lipid metabolism and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation activity.
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