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Jalal IA, Elkhoely A, Mohamed SK, Ahmed AAE. Linagliptin and secoisolariciresinol diglucoside attenuate hyperlipidemia and cardiac hypertrophy induced by a high-methionine diet in rats via suppression of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1275730. [PMID: 38026992 PMCID: PMC10665493 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1275730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is one of the contributing causes of morbidity and mortality. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is one of the diseases which may predispose hyperlipidemia and CH. Linagliptin (Lina) and secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) are known to alleviate a variety of illnesses by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Aim: This study aimed to study the effect of HHcy on cardiac tissues, with a special focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as a mainstay pathophysiological pathway. In addition, our study examined the protective effect of Lina, SDG, and their combination against HHcy-induced hyperlipidemia and CH in rats. Methods: Seventy-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups, and for 60 days, the following regimen was administered: Group I: rats received distilled water; Group II: rats received methionine (MET) (2 g/kg/day, p.o.); groups III and IV: rats received Lina (3 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and SDG (20 mg/kg/day, p.o.), respectively, followed by MET (2 g/kg/day, p.o.); Group V: rats received Lina and SDG, followed by MET (2 g/kg/day, p.o.). Results: Pretreatment with Lina, SDG, and their combination showed a significant decrease in serum levels of HHcy and an improved lipid profile compared to the MET group. Moreover, both drugs improved cardiac injury, as evidenced by the substantial improvement in ECG parameters, morphological features of the cardiac muscle, and reduced serum levels of cardiac markers. Additionally, Lina and SDG significantly attenuated cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, Lina, SDG, and their combination remarkably downregulated the enhanced expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, GRP78, PERK, ATF-4, CHOP, NF-κB, and SREBP1c compared to the MET-group. Conclusion: Lina and SDG showed cardioprotective effects against HHcy-induced heart hypertrophy and hyperlipidemia in rats.
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Guéant JL, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Oussalah A, Zuily S, Rosenberg I. Hyperhomocysteinemia in Cardiovascular Diseases: Revisiting Observational Studies and Clinical Trials. Thromb Haemost 2023; 123:270-282. [PMID: 36170884 DOI: 10.1055/a-1952-1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Thromboembolic manifestations are relatively frequent in patients with intermediate/severe hyperhomocysteinemia (>30 µmol/L) related to inherited disorders and deficiencies in vitamin B12 and folate. In contrast, moderate hyperhomocysteinemia (15-30 µmol/L) is a modest predictor of cardiovascular risk. The recognition of homocysteine as a cardiovascular risk factor has been challenged by some but not all randomized clinical trials. We reviewed the main data of this controversy and formulated conclusions to be translated in clinical practice.Homocysteine-lowering trials have been performed in cardiovascular subjects with moderate but not intermediate/severe hyperhomocysteinemia despite the dose-effect risk association. The first meta-analyses found no benefit and led cardiology societies not recommending homocysteine in the assessment of cardiovascular risk. This guideline challenged the need to diagnose and treat the nutritional and genetic causes of intermediate/major hyperhomocysteinemia and was not revised when larger meta-analyses concluded to a reduced risk of stroke. In a recent observational study, 84% of consecutive cardiovascular patients assessed for homocysteine had intermediate or major hyperhomocysteinemia, which was properly assessed in only half of the cases and related to B12 and/or folate deficiency and Addison/Biermer disease in 55% of these cases.In conclusion, revisiting observational studies and clinical trials suggests that cardiovascular patients should be screened for hyperhomocysteinemia, when no other risk factor is found. Patients with intermediate/major hyperhomocysteinemia should be properly assessed and treated for B vitamin deficiencies and inherited disorders according to current guidelines. Further trials are needed to assess the effect of lowering homocysteine according to hyperhomocysteinemia categories at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Guéant
- Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Departments of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Molecular Medicine, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France.,INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Rosa-Maria Guéant-Rodriguez
- Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Departments of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Molecular Medicine, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France.,INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Abderrahim Oussalah
- Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Departments of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Molecular Medicine, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France.,INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Stéphane Zuily
- Vascular Medicine Division and Regional Competence Center for Rare Auto-Immune Diseases, INSERM UMR_S 1116 DCAC and CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Irwin Rosenberg
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Nguyen AD, McMahan ZH, Volkmann ER. Micronutrient Deficiencies in Systemic Sclerosis: A Scoping Review. Open Access Rheumatol 2022; 14:309-327. [PMID: 36571105 PMCID: PMC9769137 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s354736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The primary aim is to identify the micronutrient deficiencies commonly reported in SSc. The exploratory aim is to evaluate associations between micronutrient deficiencies and SSc clinical manifestations. Patient and Methods We conducted a scoping review of all published reports on SSc and nutrition in PubMed from its inception to August 2020. Clinical trials, observational studies, meta-analyses, and case series (with ≥20 cases) containing data on nutritional deficiency and SSc were included. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for reporting our findings. Two reviewers (ADN and ERV) studied the titles and abstracts of all search results with pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Among 790 retrieved publications, 35 full-length articles and 3 abstracts met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Included studies took place across multiple geographic locations and included patients with both diffuse and limited cutaneous SSc. Vitamin D deficiency was the most commonly reported deficiency described in SSc, followed by vitamin B12, vitamin B9, selenium, zinc, and iron. In addition, some small studies found deficiencies in vitamins B1, B6, C, E, and A. While some studies reported associations between specific micronutrient deficiencies and SSc disease features (eg, interstitial lung disease was commonly associated with vitamin D deficiency and elevated homocysteine [Hcy]), the evidence to support these associations was not robust. Conclusion Micronutrient deficiencies are common in SSc and are associated with specific SSc features. Routine screening for micronutrient deficiencies may lead to early detection of malnutrition. Future studies are needed to understand how interventions to replete micronutrient deficiencies affect patient outcomes in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey D Nguyen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna H McMahan
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Volkmann
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Correspondence: Elizabeth R Volkmann, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 1000 Veteran Ave, Ste 32-59, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA, Tel +1 310-825-2448, Email
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Supplementation with Folic Acid and Cardiovascular Outcomes in End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Multi-Institution Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194162. [PMID: 36235814 PMCID: PMC9570520 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate is a water-soluble vitamin and is essential for maintaining cell functions. Dialysis removes folate, and folate deficiency is reported in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, there is no consensus as to the appropriate dosage of folate supplements and their advantages and disadvantages for patients with ESKD. METHODS This study was based on the electronic medical records of the Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD) of the Chang Gung Medical Foundation. We included patients who were diagnosed with ESKD, initiated hemodialysis, and were given folic acid supplements at any point from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2019. The patients were divided into weekly and daily folic acid supplementation groups. We reduced the effects of confounding through the inverse probability of treatment weighting based on the propensity score. RESULTS We identified 2081 and 954 newly diagnosed patients with ESKD, who received daily and weekly folic acid supplements. The mean follow-up time was 5.8 years, and the event rates of arteriovenous access thrombosis were 17.0% and 23.6% in the daily and weekly folic acid supplementation groups (sub-distribution hazard ratio = 0.69, 95% confidence interval = 0.61 to 0.77), respectively. Neither group significantly differed in the occurrence of other clinical events, such as major cardiovascular cardiac events (e.g., myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke), all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, infection death, malignancy, and adverse effects. CONCLUSION a daily 5 mg folic acid supplementation might result in a lower event rate of arteriovenous access thrombosis in patients with ESKD than weekly folic acid supplementation. Further prospective studies are warranted to explore the preventive effect of folate on thrombosis.
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Sun H, Wang S, Chen J, Yu H. Label-free second harmonic generation imaging of cerebral vascular wall in local ischemia mouse model in vivo. Neuroscience 2022; 502:10-24. [PMID: 36055560 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging is label-free and non-invasive, and it has been extensively applied in multiple biological and medical studies, but not in the brain in vivo. In this study, we modified classical two photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) system to perform in vivo simultaneous TPEF and SHG imaging in the local ischemia mouse model. In cerebral vascular walls, we found strong SHG signal, which co-localized with collagen. In the continuous 2 days' in vivo imaging, this SHG signal remained stable in the local ischemic blood vessel in the initial 4 hours, then its signal abruptly increased and got spatially thickened 5 hours after thrombosis, and this tendency continued in the following 48 hours. This study provides direct and precise timeline of rapid collagen change in cerebral vascular walls in vivo, and reveals the subtle but significant temporal-spatial dynamics of this structural signal during local ischemia. Thus, this cerebral in vivo SHG imaging provides a powerful tool to identify the early and subtle pathological change of collagen around clinical key therapeutic time window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengfei Sun
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Bajic Z, Sobot T, Skrbic R, Stojiljkovic MP, Ponorac N, Matavulj A, Djuric DM. Homocysteine, Vitamins B6 and Folic Acid in Experimental Models of Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure—How Strong Is That Link? Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040536. [PMID: 35454125 PMCID: PMC9027107 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and the main cause of disability. In the last decade, homocysteine has been found to be a risk factor or a marker for cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF). There are indications that vitamin B6 plays a significant role in the process of transsulfuration in homocysteine metabolism, specifically, in a part of the reaction in which homocysteine transfers a sulfhydryl group to serine to form α-ketobutyrate and cysteine. Therefore, an elevated homocysteine concentration (hyperhomocysteinemia) could be a consequence of vitamin B6 and/or folate deficiency. Hyperhomocysteinemia in turn could damage the endothelium and the blood vessel wall and induce worsening of atherosclerotic process, having a negative impact on the mechanisms underlying MI and HF, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered function of gasotransmitters. Given the importance of the vitamin B6 in homocysteine metabolism, in this paper, we review its role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, influencing the functions of gasotransmitters, and improving vasodilatation and coronary flow in animal models of MI and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorislava Bajic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (Z.B.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Tanja Sobot
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (Z.B.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Ranko Skrbic
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (R.S.); (M.P.S.)
| | - Milos P. Stojiljkovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (R.S.); (M.P.S.)
| | - Nenad Ponorac
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (Z.B.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Amela Matavulj
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (Z.B.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Dragan M. Djuric
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology “Richard Burian”, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence:
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Martin A, Struble S, Prado A, Robinson J, Goddard J, Smith T. A Case of Portal Vein Thrombosis in a Patient With Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase A1298C Polymorphism. Cureus 2022; 14:e21743. [PMID: 35251815 PMCID: PMC8890599 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a prothrombotic state caused by blood flow stasis, vascular injury, and/or hypercoagulability, resulting in partial or complete occlusion of the portal vein. PVT is a rare diagnosis, particularly among those without liver disease. Typical risk factors for PVT include cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, myeloproliferative neoplasms, other malignancies, oral contraceptive use, bowel infections, and inherited hypercoagulable disorders. The goal of this study is to analyze a case of PVT in a patient in which no clear etiology could be identified and to evaluate whether the patient’s methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism may have been a risk factor. This is a case of a 44-year-old female with a history of irritable bowel syndrome, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, sleep apnea, gastric bypass surgery, and MTHFR polymorphism who presented to a walk-in clinic with five days of severe abdominal pain associated with diarrhea, nausea, and anorexia. Hypertension and tenderness over the right lower quadrant prompted a referral to the emergency department for evaluation of possible appendicitis. A contrasted computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a normal appendix and acute portal vein thrombosis. She was then admitted for treatment with intravenous (IV) heparin, fluids, and pain management. After an uneventful three-day hospital course, the patient was discharged on rivaroxaban with a plan to continue anticoagulation therapy for six months and follow up with a hematologist, who later confirmed the patient did not have any inherited hypercoagulable disorders. It is unclear whether the patient’s MTHFR polymorphism prompted her PVT as existing data on MTHFR’s effects are limited and conflicting. One cannot conclude that MTHFR caused a state of hyperhomocysteinemia to prompt hypercoagulability, as this has not been consistently proven in current literature, and the patient’s homocysteine levels were not measured at the time of diagnosis. This case illustrates that further research on the various MTHFR polymorphisms and their effects on coagulation, potentially via homocysteinemia, is warranted. Further research on the MTHFR polymorphisms may help determine whether providers should test for MTHFR in the evaluation of thrombotic risk factors and may help optimize the treatment of thrombotic events for affected individuals.
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Piquereau J, Boitard SE, Ventura-Clapier R, Mericskay M. Metabolic Therapy of Heart Failure: Is There a Future for B Vitamins? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:30. [PMID: 35008448 PMCID: PMC8744601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a plague of the aging population in industrialized countries that continues to cause many deaths despite intensive research into more effective treatments. Although the therapeutic arsenal to face heart failure has been expanding, the relatively short life expectancy of HF patients is pushing towards novel therapeutic strategies. Heart failure is associated with drastic metabolic disorders, including severe myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction and systemic nutrient deprivation secondary to severe cardiac dysfunction. To date, no effective therapy has been developed to restore the cardiac energy metabolism of the failing myocardium, mainly due to the metabolic complexity and intertwining of the involved processes. Recent years have witnessed a growing scientific interest in natural molecules that play a pivotal role in energy metabolism with promising therapeutic effects against heart failure. Among these molecules, B vitamins are a class of water soluble vitamins that are directly involved in energy metabolism and are of particular interest since they are intimately linked to energy metabolism and HF patients are often B vitamin deficient. This review aims at assessing the value of B vitamin supplementation in the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Piquereau
- UMR-S 1180, Inserm Unit of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France; (S.E.B.); (R.V.-C.)
| | | | | | - Mathias Mericskay
- UMR-S 1180, Inserm Unit of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France; (S.E.B.); (R.V.-C.)
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Balint B, Hergalant S, Camadro JM, Blaise S, Vanalderwiert L, Lignières L, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Guéant JL. Fetal Programming by Methyl Donor Deficiency Produces Pathological Remodeling of the Ascending Aorta. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1928-1941. [PMID: 33827257 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Balint
- UMR Inserm 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition, Génetique et Exposition aux Risques Environmentaux) (B.B., S.H., R.-M.G.-R., J.-L.G.), Université de Lorraine, France
| | - Sébastien Hergalant
- UMR Inserm 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition, Génetique et Exposition aux Risques Environmentaux) (B.B., S.H., R.-M.G.-R., J.-L.G.), Université de Lorraine, France
| | - Jean-Michel Camadro
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institut Jacques Monod, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (J.-M.C., L.L.)
| | | | | | - Laurent Lignières
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institut Jacques Monod, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (J.-M.C., L.L.)
| | - Rosa-Maria Guéant-Rodriguez
- UMR Inserm 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition, Génetique et Exposition aux Risques Environmentaux) (B.B., S.H., R.-M.G.-R., J.-L.G.), Université de Lorraine, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Hospital Center (R.-M.G.-R., J.-L.G.), Université de Lorraine, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- UMR Inserm 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition, Génetique et Exposition aux Risques Environmentaux) (B.B., S.H., R.-M.G.-R., J.-L.G.), Université de Lorraine, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Hospital Center (R.-M.G.-R., J.-L.G.), Université de Lorraine, France
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Mahmood S, Younas H, Younus A, Nathenial S. A narrative review on the role of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism and its associated gene polymorphisms in posing risk to preeclampsia. Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 43:487-504. [PMID: 34053381 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.1916942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) presents a major obstetrical problem for mother and fetus which is characterized by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria in formerly normotensive women. Altered folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism is one of the factors for PE development either due to nutritional insufficiencies such as folate deficiency or polymorphisms in genes that code for the key enzymes of the cycle. Commonly, there are four genes in the cycle whose polymorphisms have been described in relation to PE. These factors could cause elevation of homocysteine; the toxic metabolite, which subsequently leads to the development of PE. Sufficient levels of folate have been considered important during pregnancy and may reduce the risk of development of PE. This review aims at discussing genetic polymorphisms and nutritional deficiencies as probable predisposing factors and suggests considering fetal genotypes, varied ethnicities, and interaction of various other factors involved to render better conclusiveness to the present studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hooria Younas
- Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Younus
- Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sammar Nathenial
- Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
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Kaye AD, Jeha GM, Pham AD, Fuller MC, Lerner ZI, Sibley GT, Cornett EM, Urits I, Viswanath O, Kevil CG. Folic Acid Supplementation in Patients with Elevated Homocysteine Levels. Adv Ther 2020; 37:4149-4164. [PMID: 32845472 PMCID: PMC7497502 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Folic acid is the most important dietary determinant of homocysteine (Hcy). Hcy serves as a critical intermediate in methylation reactions. It is created from methionine and either converted back to methionine or transformed into cysteine. This process is aided through several enzymes and three vitamins, folic acid, B12, and B6. Daily supplementation with 0.5–5.0 mg of folic acid typically lowers plasma Hcy levels by approximately 25%. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a known risk factor for coronary artery disease. In this regard, elevated levels of Hcy have been found in a majority of patients with vascular disease. Methods A literature review of folic acid supplementation for various disease states including cardiovascular disease was conducted. This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Results In this review, we discuss the biochemistry of folic acid, Hcy biosynthesis, Hcy and hydrogen sulfide bioavailability, pathogenesis of hyperhomocysteinemia and its role as a risk factor for disease, and treatment studies with folic acid supplementation in disease states. Conclusion Folic acid supplementation should be recommended to any patient who has an elevated Hcy level, and this level should be measured and treated at an early age, since folic acid is easily obtained and may likely reduce vascular disease and other deleterious pathologic processes in high-risk populations.
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Wang L, Niu H, Zhang J. Homocysteine induces mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through stimulating ROS production and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:938-944. [PMID: 32742337 PMCID: PMC7388298 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are crucial for acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (AMI/R) injury, which may induce cell or mitochondrial membrane rupture and myocardial infarction. Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) expression levels are positively associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, and ERK1/2 exert anti-apoptotic and cardioprotective effects on AMI/R injury. However, the precise molecular mechanism of action underlying the effects of Hcy and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in AMI/R injury remains unclear. In the present study, AMI/R injury models were established in an animal model treated with Hcy and in H9C2 cells that were treated with hypoxia-reoxygenation. Mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were evaluated. The results demonstrated that Hcy enhanced ERK1/2 protein expression levels and oxidative stress, induced cytochrome c translocation and mitochondria dysfunction, and caused cardiac dysfunction in rats with AMI/R injury. However, an ERK1/2 inhibitor effectively protected AMI/R injury rats from Hcy-induced cardiac dysfunction and oxidative stress. In conclusion, Hcy induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in AMI/R injury through stimulating ROS production and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. An ERK1/2 inhibitor may be an effective new therapeutic method for treating Hcy-induced cardiac dysfunction in patients with AMI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Heping Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
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Zhang Z, Xiao S, Yang C, Ye R, Hu X, Chen X. Association of Elevated Plasma Homocysteine Level with Restenosis and Clinical Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: a Systemic Review and Meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 33:353-361. [PMID: 30778807 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-019-06866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We conducted this systemic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and recurrent restenosis and clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were systematically searched prior to May 2018. Studies evaluating the association between plasma Hcy levels and the occurrence of restenosis, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), all-cause mortality, cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization were identified. RESULTS A total of 19 articles with 4340 participants were identified. Higher Hcy levels were not associated with an increased risk of restenosis (relative risk (RR) = 1.10, 95% CI 0.90-1.33). Hcy levels in the restenosis group were not significantly higher than in the non-restenosis group (weighted mean difference = 0.70, 95% CI - 0.23-1.63). Subgroup analysis revealed that higher Hcy levels were not associated with restenosis after stenting but appeared to increase the risk of restenosis after angioplasty. Elevated Hcy levels increased the risk of all-cause mortality by an average of 3.19-fold (RR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.90-5.34, P = 0.000), the risk of MACE by 1.51-fold (RR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.23-1.85, P = 0.000), and the risk of cardiac death by 2.76-fold (RR = 2.76, 95% CI 1.44-5.32, P = 0.000) but appeared not to increase the risk of non-fatal MI (RR = 1.36, 95% CI 0.89-2.09). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis suggests that although there is no clear association between higher Hcy levels and restenosis following stent implantation, higher Hcy levels appeared to increase the risk of restenosis after coronary angioplasty and also increased the risk of all-cause mortality, MACE, and cardiac death after PCI. REGISTRATION DETAILS The protocol of this meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018096466). ( http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018096466 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- Department of Day Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Changqiang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Runyu Ye
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xianjin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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Mechanisms of homocysteine-induced damage to the endothelial, medial and adventitial layers of the arterial wall. Biochimie 2020; 173:100-106. [PMID: 32105811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a non-protein forming amino acid which is the direct metabolic precursor of methionine. Increased concentration of serum Hcy is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is specifically linked to various diseases of the vasculature. Serum Hcy is associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension and aneurysms of the aorta in humans, though the precise mechanisms by which Hcy contributes to these conditions remain elusive. Results from clinical trials that successfully lowered serum Hcy without reducing features of vascular disease in cardiovascular patients have cast doubt on whether or not Hcy directly impacts the vasculature. However, studies in animals and in cell culture suggest that Hcy has a vast array of toxic effects on the vasculature, with demonstrated roles in endothelial dysfunction, medial remodeling and adventitial inflammation. It is hypothesized that rather than serum Hcy, tissue-bound Hcy and the incorporation of Hcy into proteins could underlie the toxic effects of Hcy on the vasculature. In this review, we present evidence for Hcy-associated vascular disease in humans, and we critically examine the possible mechanisms by which Hcy specifically impacts the endothelial, medial and adventitial layers of the arterial wall. Deciphering the mechanisms by which Hcy interacts with proteins in the arterial wall will allow for a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia and will help to define a better means of prevention at the appropriate window of life.
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Bhattacharjee P, Chatterjee S, Achari A, Saha A, Nandi D, Acharya C, Chatterjee K, Ghosh S, Swarnakar S, Jaisankar P. A bis-indole/carbazole based C5-curcuminoid fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift for selective detection of biothiols and application to live cell imaging. Analyst 2020; 145:1184-1189. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02190f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A series of heterocyclic C5-Curcuminoid (PJ1–PJ6) having large Stokes shift (Δλ= 104–173 nm) have been synthesized under the microwave irradiation andPJ1has been utilized for selective detection of thiols in A375 cells and apoptosis in AGS cells.
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Weng H, Li Y, Fan F, Yang H, Zhou G, Sun P, Liu S, Yi T, Huo Y, Li J. The association between total homocysteine and blood pressure in two independent Chinese populations. J Hum Hypertens 2019; 34:657-665. [PMID: 31719670 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-019-0288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension and hyperhomocystinemia have a joint effect on the risk of stroke. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and blood pressure in two independent Chinese populations. Four thousand five hundred and fifty-five participants who underwent health examinations between March 2016 and September 2016 at Peking University First Hospital were enrolled as 'Population 1', and 2689 participants who were admitted to Peking University First Hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 were enrolled as 'Population 2'. None of the study participants were taking antihypertensive medication or vitamins, or had cardio-cerebrovascular disease or chronic kidney disease stages 4 or 5. In Population 1, a 5 μmol/L increase in tHcy was associated with a 0.47 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23-0.70 mmHg, p < 0.01) increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and a 0.14 mmHg (95% CI: -0.02 to 0.30 mmHg, p = 0.08) increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In Population 2, a 5 μmol/L increase in tHcy was associated with a 0.42 mmHg (95% CI: 0.13-0.72 mmHg, p < 0.01) increase in SBP and a 0.29 mmHg (95% CI: 0.09-0.49 mmHg, p < 0.01) increase in DBP. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in Population 1 (by 47%; odds ratio [OR] 1.47, 95% CI: 1.09-1.98, p = 0.01) and in Population 2 (by 55%;OR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.15-2.08, p < 0.01) in participants with tHcy ≥ 15 μmol/l than in those with tHcy < 10 μmol/L. Stratified analysis showed that the association was stronger in women than in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Weng
- Peking University First Hospital Cardiology Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- Peking University First Hospital Clinical Laboratory Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Fan
- Peking University First Hospital Cardiology Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyun Yang
- Peking University First Hospital Clinical Laboratory Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Guopeng Zhou
- Peking University First Hospital Health Management Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Sun
- Peking University First Hospital Cardiology Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Shengcong Liu
- Peking University First Hospital Cardiology Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Tieci Yi
- Peking University First Hospital Cardiology Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Peking University First Hospital Cardiology Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China. .,Key laboratory of Molecular Cardiology Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianping Li
- Peking University First Hospital Cardiology Department, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China. .,Key laboratory of Molecular Cardiology Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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17
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Zhang SY, Xuan C, Zhang XC, Zhu J, Yue K, Zhao P, He GW, Lun LM, Tian QW. Association Between MTHFR Gene Common Variants, Serum Homocysteine, and Risk of Early-Onset Coronary Artery Disease: A Case–Control Study. Biochem Genet 2019; 58:245-256. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-019-09937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Abdulle AE, van Goor H, Mulder DJ. Hydrogen Sulfide: A Therapeutic Option in Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E4121. [PMID: 30572591 PMCID: PMC6320961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a lethal disease that is characterized by auto-immunity, vascular injury, and progressive fibrosis of multiple organ systems. Despite the fact that the exact etiology of SSc remains unknown, oxidative stress has been associated with a large range of SSc-related complications. In addition to the well-known detrimental properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS), gasotransmitters (e.g., nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)) are also thought to play an important role in SSc. Accordingly, the diverse physiologic actions of NO and CO and their role in SSc have been previously studied. Recently, multiple studies have also shown the importance of the third gasotransmitter H₂S in both vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Interestingly, homocysteine (which is converted into H₂S through the transsulfuration pathway) is often found to be elevated in SSc patients; suggesting defects in the transsulfuration pathway. Hydrogen sulfide, which is known to have several effects, including a strong antioxidant and vasodilator effect, could potentially play a prominent role in the initiation and progression of vasculopathy. A better understanding of the actions of gasotransmitters, like H₂S, in the development of SSc-related vasculopathy, could help to create early interventions to attenuate the disease course. This paper will review the role of H₂S in vascular (patho-)physiology and potential disturbances in SSc. Moreover, current data from experimental animal studies will be reviewed. Lastly, we will evaluate potential interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaal Eman Abdulle
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Section Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Douwe J Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
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19
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Djuric D, Jakovljevic V, Zivkovic V, Srejovic I. Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:991-1003. [PMID: 30130426 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Homocysteine, an amino acid containing a sulfhydryl group, is an intermediate product during metabolism of the amino acids methionine and cysteine. Hyperhomocysteinemia is used as a predictive risk factor for cardiovascular disorders, the stroke progression, screening for inborn errors of methionine metabolism, and as a supplementary test for vitamin B12 deficiency. Two organic systems in which homocysteine has the most harmful effects are the cardiovascular and nervous system. The adverse effects of homocysteine are achieved by the action of several different mechanisms, such as overactivation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, activation of Toll-like receptor 4, disturbance in Ca2+ handling, increased activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase and subsequent increase of production of reactive oxygen species, increased activity of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide synthase uncoupling and consequent impairment in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species synthesis. Increased production of reactive species during hyperhomocysteinemia is related with increased expression of several proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and intracellular adhesion molecule-1. All these mechanisms contribute to the emergence of diseases like atherosclerosis and related complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic aneurysm, as well as Alzheimer disease and epilepsy. This review provides evidence that supports the causal role for hyperhomocysteinemia in the development of cardiovascular disease and nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Djuric
- a Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian" Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia.,c Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st. 8, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
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20
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Li L, Hasegawa H, Inaba N, Yoshioka W, Chang D, Liu J, Ichida K. Diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia impairs vasodilation in 5/6-nephrectomized rats. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1485-1494. [PMID: 30062489 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasma homocysteine is elevated in patients with impaired renal function, and markedly so at end-stage renal disease. As chronic kidney disease and hyperhomocysteinemia are also independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the latter is hypothesized to accelerate vascular abnormalities following renal failure. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of impaired renal function and hyperhomocysteinemia on vascular function. We show that in 5/6-nephrectomized rats, a model of chronic kidney disease, a methionine-rich diet for 8 weeks induces moderate hyperhomocysteinemia, exacerbates hypertension, and attenuates the vascular response to acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, 8-bromo-cGMP, and isoprenaline. However, plasma nitrate/nitrite and total NOS activity in the thoracic aorta were not affected. Collectively, the data imply that hyperhomocysteinemia and end-stage renal disease synergistically impair endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation by blocking the cGMP/protein kinase G and/or cAMP/protein kinase A pathways. 5/6-Nephrectomized rat with hyperhomocysteinemia induced by a methionine-rich diet would be a useful model for elucidating the pathogenesis of vascular impairment in patients with end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Niro Inaba
- Center for Fundamental Laboratory Education, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Yoshioka
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, The Jikei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dennis Chang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - JianXun Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kimiyoshi Ichida
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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22
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Zhang YJ, Zhang L, Huang XL, Duan Y, Yang LJ, Wang J. The association between homocysteine and systemic sclerosis: A review of the literature and meta-analysis. Mod Rheumatol 2017; 28:681-689. [DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2017.1386844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Medical Genetics Center, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Juan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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23
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Luo JL, Chien KL, Hsu HC, Su TC, Lin HJ, Chen PC, Chen MF, Lee YT. Association between plasma homocysteine concentration and the risk of all-cause death in adults with diastolic dysfunction in a community: A 13-year cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6716. [PMID: 28445283 PMCID: PMC5413248 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCYS) has been associated with systolic heart failure. However, it is still unknown that serum homocycsteine level was useful in predicting the outcome in patients with diastolic dysfunction. We conducted a cohort study to determine if HHCYS was associated with poor prognosis in diastolic dysfunction patients. The Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort (CCCC) study was designated to investigate the trends of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a community. Individuals who were 35 years and above were enrolled. Participants were categorized by homocysteine concentration quartiles. We used multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of the 4th quartiles versus the 1st quartile. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was to compare prediction measures. A total of 2020 participants had completed the echocardiography examination, and 231 individuals were diagnosed as diastolic dysfunction. A total 75 participants had died during follow-up period. HHCYS was found to be significantly associated with poor prognosis. The adjusted HR for homocysteine level was 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.14). Participants in the highest quartile had a 1.90 (95% CI, 0.88-4.12, P for trend, .026) fold risk for all cause death, compared with those in the lowest quartiles. The HR was 1.88 (95% CI, 1.07-3.29) using 11.11 μmol/L as cut point for hyperhomocysteine. HHCYS was significantly associated with poor prognosis in diastolic dysfunction participants in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ling Luo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Min-sheng Hospital, Taoyuan county
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public School, National Taiwan University
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiung-Ching Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ju Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fong Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Teh Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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D'Souza SW, Solanky N, Guarino J, Moat S, Sibley CP, Taggart M, Glazier JD. Human Placental Arterial Distensibility, Birth Weight, and Body Size Are Positively Related to Fetal Homocysteine Concentration. Reprod Sci 2016; 24:1070-1078. [PMID: 27879450 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116678694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Methionine demethylation during metabolism generates homocysteine (Hcy) and its remethylation requires folate and cobalamin. Elevated Hcy concentrations are associated with vascular-related complications of pregnancy, including increased vascular stiffness, predictive of clinical vascular disease. Maternal and fetal total Hcy (tHcy) concentrations are positively related, yet the influence of Hcy on fetoplacental vascular function in normal pregnancy has not been examined. We hypothesized that Hcy alters fetoplacental vascular characteristics with influences on fetal growth outcomes. We investigated (1) placental chorionic plate artery distensibility and neonatal blood pressure in relation to umbilical plasma tHcy; (2) relationships between cord venous (CV) and cord arterial (CA) plasma tHcy, folate, and cobalamin concentrations; and (3) tHcy associations with birth weight and anthropometric measurements of body size as indices of fetal growth in normal pregnancies with appropriate weight-for-gestational age newborns. Maternal plasma tHcy, folate, and cobalamin concentrations were consistent with published data. Placental chorionic plate artery distensibility index (β; measure of vessel stiffness) was inversely related to CA tHcy, yet neonatal blood pressure was not significantly affected. CV and CA tHcy concentrations were positively related and CV tHcy negatively related to CV cobalamin but not folate. CV tHcy concentration positively related to birth weight, corrected birth weight percentile, length, head circumference, and mid-arm circumference of newborns. CV cobalamin was inversely related to fetal growth indices but not to folate concentration. Our study demonstrates a potential relationship between fetal tHcy and placental artery distensibility, placing clinical relevance to cobalamin in influencing Hcy concentration and maintaining low vascular resistance to facilitate nutrient exchange favorable to fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W D'Souza
- 1 Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Nita Solanky
- 1 Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Jane Guarino
- 1 Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Stuart Moat
- 2 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospital of Wales and Cardiff School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Colin P Sibley
- 1 Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Taggart
- 3 Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Jocelyn D Glazier
- 1 Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
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Yeh JK, Chen CC, Hsieh MJ, Tsai ML, Yang CH, Chen DY, Chang SH, Wang CY, Lee CH, Hsieh IC. Impact of Homocysteine Level on Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients after Coronary Artery Stenting. J Atheroscler Thromb 2016; 24:696-705. [PMID: 27803490 PMCID: PMC5517543 DOI: 10.5551/jat.36434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The prognostic value of homocysteine (HCY) in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD) is still controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate whether elevated HCY level at admission predict long-term outcomes in patients after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) with coronary artery stenting. Methods: From the institutional registry of Cardiovascular Atherosclerosis and Percutaneous TrAnsluminal INterventions (CAPTAIN), we enrolled a total of 1,307 patients with documented CAD undergone PCI with bare metal stents from July 2003 to December 2014. They were divided into two groups according to the fasting plasma HCY levels before catheterization: group I (883 patients, < 12 µmol/L) and group II (424 patients, ≥ 12 µmol/L). The primary endpoint was occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, target lesion revascularization, new lesion stenting, and requiring bypass surgery. Results: After a mean follow-up period of 58 ± 41 months, the group II patients had a higher MACE rate (33.3% vs. 25.6%, p = 0.005). The main differences between two groups were cardiac death (8.0% vs. 3.4%, p = 0.001) and new lesion stenting (13.6% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.034). The risks of long-term MACE remained significantly higher in patients with elevated HCY level (≥ 12 µmol/L) after adjusting for clinical variables, with a hazard ratio of 1.29 (95% CI, 1.02–1.64, p = 0.036). Conclusions: Elevated HCY level (≥ 12 µmol/L) was independently associated with increased risk of long-term cardiovascular events in patients after coronary artery bare metal stents implantations. Thus, hyperhomocysteinemia may remain a useful prognostic marker for the risk assessment in clinical care of CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Kai Yeh
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Ming-Jer Hsieh
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Ming-Lung Tsai
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Chia-Hung Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Dong-Yi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Shang-Hung Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Chao-Yung Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Cheng-Hung Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - I-Chang Hsieh
- Department of Cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
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Perła-Kajan J, Utyro O, Rusek M, Malinowska A, Sitkiewicz E, Jakubowski H. N-Homocysteinylation impairs collagen cross-linking in cystathionine β-synthase-deficient mice: a novel mechanism of connective tissue abnormalities. FASEB J 2016; 30:3810-3821. [PMID: 27530978 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) deficiency, a genetic disorder in homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism in humans, elevates plasma Hcy-thiolactone and leads to connective tissue abnormalities that affect the cardiovascular and skeletal systems. However, the underlying mechanism of these abnormalities is not understood. Hcy-thiolactone has the ability to form isopeptide bonds with protein lysine residues, which generates N-homocysteinylated protein. Because lysine residues are involved in collagen cross-linking, N-homocysteinylation of these lysines should impair cross-linking. Using a Tg-I278T Cbs-/- mouse model of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) which replicates the connective tissue abnormalities observed in CBS-deficient patients, we found that N-Hcy-collagen was elevated in bone, tail, and heart of Cbs-/- mice, whereas pyridinoline cross-links were significantly reduced. Plasma deoxypyridinoline cross-link and cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen were also significantly reduced in the Cbs-/- mice. Lysine oxidase activity and mRNA level were not reduced by the Cbs-/- genotype. We also showed that collagen carries S-linked Hcy bound to the thiol of N-linked Hcy. In vitro experiments showed that Hcy-thiolactone modifies lysine residues in collagen type I α-1 chain. Residue K160, located in the nonhelical N-telopeptide region and involved in pyridinoline cross-link formation, was also N-homocysteinylated in vivo Taken together, our findings showed that N-homocysteinylation of collagen in Cbs-/- mice impairs its cross-linking. These findings explain, at least in part, connective tissue abnormalities observed in HHcy.-Perła-Kajan, J., Utyro, O., Rusek, M., Malinowska, A., Sitkiewicz, E., Jakubowski, H. N-Homocysteinylation impairs collagen cross-linking in cystathionine β-synthase-deficient mice: a novel mechanism of connective tissue abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Perła-Kajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Olga Utyro
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Rusek
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, International Center for Public Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA; and
| | - Agata Malinowska
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biophysics Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sitkiewicz
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biophysics Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hieronim Jakubowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; .,Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Poznań, Poland.,Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, International Center for Public Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA; and
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Tartik M, Darendelioglu E, Aykutoglu G, Baydas G. Turkish propolis supresses MCF-7 cell death induced by homocysteine. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:704-12. [PMID: 27470414 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level is a most important risk factor for various vascular diseases including coronary, cerebral and peripheral arterial and venous thrombosis. Propolis is produced by honeybee from various oils, pollens and wax materials. Therefore, it has various biological properties including antioxidant, antitumor and antimicrobial activities. This study investigated the effects of propolis and Hcy on apoptosis in cancer cells. According to our findings, Hcy induced apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells by regulating numerous genes and proteins involved in the apoptotic signal transduction pathway. In contrast, treatment with propolis inhibited caspase- 3 and -9 induced by Hcy in MCF-7 cells. It can be concluded that Hcy may augment the activity of anticancer agents that induce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis in their target cells. In contrast to the previous studies herein we found that propolis in low doses protected cancer cells inhibiting cellular apoptosis mediated by intracellular ROS-dependent mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Tartik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Ekrem Darendelioglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Gurkan Aykutoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Hyperhomocysteinemia and hyperuricemia are both considered risk factors for coronary artery disease. However, the relationship between the 2 has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate this relationship more closely. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of data from a screening center in Israel assessing 16,477 subjects, within an age range of 20 to 80 years. RESULTS The mean age of the study sample was 46 years, and 68% were males. Hyperuricemia was found in 24.9% and 14.6% of subjects with elevated and normal homocysteine serum levels, respectively (P < 0.001). A positive association was found between homocysteine serum levels and uric acid serum levels. Compared with subjects with normal homocysteine serum levels, those with hyperhomocysteinemia had an odds ratio (OR) for hyperuricemia of 1.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-1.9) and 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1-2.5) for males and females, respectively. After multivariate adjustment for age, hypertension, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and thiazide use, the association remained significant in males (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3-1.7; P < 0.001) but not in females (OR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.6-1.6; P = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS This large cohort showed a significant association between hyperhomocysteinemia and hyperuricemia. Sex differences were observed. This study suggests that accelerated atherosclerosis may be a consequence of the combined effect of these 2 factors.
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Han TW, Zhou SS, Li JT, Tian F, Mu Y, Jing J, Han YF, Chen YD. Homocysteine is associated with the progression of non-culprit coronary lesions in elderly acute coronary syndrome patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. J Geriatr Cardiol 2016; 13:299-305. [PMID: 27403138 PMCID: PMC4921541 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of homocysteine (Hcy) on the migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells has been well established. However, the impact of Hcy levels on the progression of non-culprit coronary lesions (NCCLs) is controversial. This study aims to evaluate whether the plasma level of Hcy is related to the progression of NCCLs after percutaneous coronary stent implantation in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS A total of 223 elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) with ACS undergoing stent implantation and follow-up coronary angiography were enrolled. Laboratory determination comprised of blood sample evaluation for Hcy was carried out before baseline coronary intervention. The patients were classified into two groups according to the blood Hcy tertiles (≥ 15 mmol/L or < 15 mmol/L). Patients were followed up for 12.2 months. NCCL progression was assessed by three-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography. RESULTS A significantly higher ratio of NCCL progression was observed in the group with baseline Hcy concentrations above 15 mmol/L compared to the group with concentrations below 15 mmol/L (41/127, 32.3% vs. 14/96, 14.6%, P = 0.002). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Hcy and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for NCCL progression. The crude hazard ratio (HR) of NCCL progression for Hcy level was 1.056 (95% CI: 1.01-1.104, P = 0.015). The adjusted HR of NCCL progression for Hcy level was 1.024 (95% CI: 1.007-1.042, P = 0.007). The adjusted HR of NCCL progression for diabetes mellitus was 1.992 (95% CI: 1.15-3.44, P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS Hcy is an independent risk factor for NCCL progression after 12 months of follow-up in elderly patients with ACS who has undergone percutaneous coronary stenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Wen Han
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Tao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Mu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Feng Han
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Dai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Park EH, Park JH, Song JS, Choi ST. Two-year Follow-up Study of the Relationship between the Changes of Serum Homocysteine and Those of Serum Uric Acid Levels, Lipid Profiles and Renal Function in Gout Patients. JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2016. [DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2016.23.1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Ho Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Song
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Tae Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hainsworth AH, Yeo NE, Weekman EM, Wilcock DM. Homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:1008-17. [PMID: 26689889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine is produced physiologically in all cells, and is present in plasma of healthy individuals (plasma [HCy]: 3-10μM). While rare genetic mutations (CBS, MTHFR) cause severe hyperhomocysteinemia ([HCy]: 100-200μM), mild-moderate hyperhomocysteinemia ([HCy]: 10-100μM) is common in older people, and is an independent risk factor for stroke and cognitive impairment. As B-vitamin supplementation (B6, B12 and folate) has well-validated homocysteine-lowering efficacy, this may be a readily-modifiable risk factor in vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Here we review the biochemical and cellular actions of HCy related to VCID. Neuronal actions of HCy were at concentrations above the clinically-relevant range. Effects of HCy <100μM were primarily vascular, including myocyte proliferation, vessel wall fibrosis, impaired nitric oxide signalling, superoxide generation and pro-coagulant actions. HCy-lowering clinical trials relevant to VCID are discussed. Extensive clinical and preclinical data support HCy as a mediator for VCID. In our view further trials of combined B-vitamin supplementation are called for, incorporating lessons from previous trials and from recent experimental work. To maximise likelihood of treatment effect, a future trial should: supply a high-dose, combination supplement (B6, B12 and folate); target the at-risk age range; and target cohorts with low baseline B-vitamin status. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia edited by M. Paul Murphy, Roderick A. Corriveau and Donna M. Wilcock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atticus H Hainsworth
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Centre, St Georges University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
| | - Natalie E Yeo
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Centre, St Georges University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Erica M Weekman
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40536, USA
| | - Donna M Wilcock
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40536, USA.
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Homocysteine in renovascular complications: hydrogen sulfide is a modulator and plausible anaerobic ATP generator. Nitric Oxide 2014; 41:27-37. [PMID: 24963795 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a non-protein amino acid derived from dietary methionine. High levels of Hcy, known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is known to cause vascular complications. In the mammalian tissue, Hcy is metabolized by transsulfuration enzymes to produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S). H2S, a pungent smelling gas was previously known for its toxic effects in the central nervous system, recent studies however has revealed protective effects in a variety of diseases including hypertension, diabetes, inflammation, atherosclerosis, and renal disease progression and failure. Interestingly, under stress conditions including hypoxia, H2S can reduce metabolic demand and also act as a substrate for ATP production. This review highlights some of the recent advances in H2S research as a potential therapeutic agent targeting renovascular diseases associated with HHcy.
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33
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Zawada AM, Rogacev KS, Hummel B, Berg JT, Friedrich A, Roth HJ, Obeid R, Geisel J, Fliser D, Heine GH. S-adenosylhomocysteine is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and renal function in a cardiovascular low-risk population. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234:17-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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35
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Chen S, Hong Y, Liu J, Tseng NW, Liu Y, Zhao E, Yip Lam JW, Tang BZ. Discrimination of homocysteine, cysteine and glutathione using an aggregation-induced-emission-active hemicyanine dye. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:3919-3923. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00551a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An aggregation-induced-emission active hemicyanine dye, TPE-Cy, shows high selectivity to homocysteine over glutathione and other amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Chen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Life Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
| | - Yuning Hong
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Life Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
| | - Jianzhao Liu
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Life Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
| | - Nai-Wen Tseng
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Life Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Life Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
| | - Engui Zhao
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Life Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
| | - Jacky Wing Yip Lam
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Life Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Life Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
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Zhao Z, Lu R, Zhang B, Shen J, Yang L, Xiao S, Liu J, Suo WZ. Differentiation of HT22 neurons induces expression of NMDA receptor that mediates homocysteine cytotoxicity. Neurol Res 2013; 34:38-43. [PMID: 22196860 DOI: 10.1179/1743132811y.0000000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Zhao
- Department of NeurologyDepartment of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiyan Lu
- Department of NeurologyDepartment of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of NeurologyDepartment of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of RadiologySun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianhong Yang
- Department of NeurologyDepartment of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songhua Xiao
- Department of NeurologyDepartment of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of NeurologyDepartment of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - William Z Suo
- Laboratory for Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging ResearchVeterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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37
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Vitamin E attenuates homocysteine and cholesterol induced damage in rat aorta. Cardiovasc Pathol 2013; 22:465-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Hannibal L, DiBello PM, Jacobsen DW. Proteomics of vitamin B12 processing. Clin Chem Lab Med 2013; 51:477-88. [PMID: 23241609 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2012-0568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The causes of cobalamin (B12, Cbl) deficiency are multifactorial. Whether nutritional due to poor dietary intake, or functional due to impairments in absorption or intracellular processing and trafficking events, the major symptoms of Cbl deficiency include megaloblastic anemia, neurological deterioration and in extreme cases, failure to thrive and death. The common biomarkers of Cbl deficiency (hyperhomocysteinemia and methylmalonic acidemia) are extremely valuable diagnostic indicators of the condition, but little is known about the changes that occur at the protein level. A mechanistic explanation bridging the physiological changes associated with functional B12 deficiency with its intracellular processers and carriers is lacking. In this article, we will cover the effects of B12 deficiency in a cblC-disrupted background (also referred to as MMACHC) as a model of functional Cbl deficiency. As will be shown, major protein changes involve the cytoskeleton, the neurological system as well as signaling and detoxification pathways. Supplementation of cultured MMACHC-mutant cells with hydroxocobalamin (HOCbl) failed to restore these variants to the normal phenotype, suggesting that a defective Cbl processing pathway produces irreversible changes at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Hannibal
- Department of Pathobiology (NC2 – 104), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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Zawada AM, Rogacev KS, Heine GH. Clinical relevance of epigenetic dysregulation in chronic kidney disease-associated cardiovascular disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013; 28:1663-71. [PMID: 23512108 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Across the spectrum of clinical medicine, the field of epigenetics has gained substantial scientific interest in recent years. Epigenetics refers to modifications in gene expression which are not explained by changes in DNA sequence. Classical components of epigenetic regulation comprise DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA interference. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), several features of uraemia, such as hyperhomocysteinemia and inflammation, may contribute to changes in epigenetic gene regulation. It has been suggested that these changes may affect genes related to cardiovascular disease. Thereby, a uraemia-associated disturbance in epigenetic regulation may contribute to the substantial increase in cardiovascular morbidity in CKD patients. The present review aims to summarize current knowledge of epigenetic dysregulation in cardiovascular disease from a nephrological perspective, with a special focus on DNA methylation. We first describe the impact of altered epigenetic regulation in non-CKD-associated arteriosclerosis, and next characterize uraemic features which may affect epigenetic gene regulation in the context of cardiovascular disease. Finally, we conclude that substantial additional work is needed before epigenetic regulatory mechanisms may become therapeutic targets in CKD-associated cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Zawada
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
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The potential role of homocysteine mediated DNA methylation and associated epigenetic changes in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. Atherosclerosis 2013; 228:295-305. [PMID: 23497786 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that homocysteine (Hcy) has wide-ranging biological effects, including accelerating atherosclerosis, impairing post injury endothelial repair and function, deregulating lipid metabolism and inducing thrombosis. However, the biochemical basis by which hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) contributes to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains largely unknown. Several case-control studies have reported an association between HHcy and the presence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and there are supportive data from animal models. Genotypic data concerning the association between variants of genes involved in the methionine cycle and AAA are conflicting probably due to problems such as reverse causality and confounding. The multifactorial nature of AAA suggests the involvement of additional epigenetic factors in disease formation. Elevated Hcy levels have been previously linked to altered DNA methylation levels in various diseases. Folate or vitamin B12 based methods of lowering Hcy have had disappointingly limited effects in reducing CVD events. One possible reason for the limited efficacy of such therapy is that they have failed to reverse epigenetic changes induced by HHcy. It is possible that individuals with HHcy have an "Hcy memory effect" due to epigenetic alterations which continue to promote progression of cardiovascular complications even after Hcy levels are lowered. It is possible that deleterious effect of prior, extended exposure to elevated Hcy concentrations have long-lasting effects on target organs and genes, hence underestimating the benefit of Hcy lowering therapies in CVD patients. Therapies targeting the epigenetic machinery as well as lowering circulating Hcy concentrations may have a more efficacious effect in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular complications.
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Abstract
Accelerated atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness are the two leading causes of increased cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Dysfunctional thyroid hormone metabolism has been suggested to play a role in atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness. Changes in cardiac contractility and output, myocardial oxygen demand, systemic and peripheral vascular resistance, blood pressure and lipid profile, increased inflammatory burden and endothelial dysfunction may be responsible for thyroid hormone-related cardiovascular disease. This article focuses on the mechanistic insights of this association and provides a concise review of the current literature.
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Joseph J, Joseph L. Hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiovascular disease: new mechanisms beyond atherosclerosis. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2012; 1:97-104. [PMID: 18370631 DOI: 10.1089/154041903322294425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhe) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been explored in detail over the last four decades since initial reports in the 1960s. Although several epidemiological studies have shown an association, convincing mechanistic studies are still lacking. However, recent prospective studies demonstrate a strong association of Hhe with coronary disease. Several pathogenic mechanisms have been studied in Hhe and indicate alterations in the various components of vascular disease, namely endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, platelets, and the coagulation/fibrinolytic systems. Increased oxidative stress, hypomethylation, and protein homocysteinylation have been proposed as potential molecular mechanisms in Hhe-induced CVD. In addition, recent studies indicate a novel link between Hhe and CVD, that is, direct effects on coronary arteriolar and myocardial remodeling resulting in cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Joseph
- The Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas
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43
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She ZG, Chen HZ, Yan Y, Li H, Liu DP. The human paraoxonase gene cluster as a target in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 16:597-632. [PMID: 21867409 PMCID: PMC3270057 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The paraoxonase (PON) gene cluster contains three adjacent gene members, PON1, PON2, and PON3. Originating from the same fungus lactonase precursor, all of the three PON genes share high sequence identity and a similar β propeller protein structure. PON1 and PON3 are primarily expressed in the liver and secreted into the serum upon expression, whereas PON2 is ubiquitously expressed and remains inside the cell. Each PON member has high catalytic activity toward corresponding artificial organophosphate, and all exhibit activities to lactones. Therefore, all three members of the family are regarded as lactonases. Under physiological conditions, they act to degrade metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids and homocysteine (Hcy) thiolactone, among other compounds. By detoxifying both oxidized low-density lipoprotein and Hcy thiolactone, PONs protect against atherosclerosis and coronary artery diseases, as has been illustrated by many types of in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence. Clinical observations focusing on gene polymorphisms also indicate that PON1, PON2, and PON3 are protective against coronary artery disease. Many other conditions, such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and aging, have been shown to relate to PONs. The abundance and/or activity of PONs can be regulated by lipoproteins and their metabolites, biological macromolecules, pharmacological treatments, dietary factors, and lifestyle. In conclusion, both previous results and ongoing studies provide evidence, making the PON cluster a prospective target for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang She
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wang X, Cui L, Joseph J, Jiang B, Pimental D, Handy DE, Liao R, Loscalzo J. Homocysteine induces cardiomyocyte dysfunction and apoptosis through p38 MAPK-mediated increase in oxidant stress. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2011; 52:753-60. [PMID: 22227328 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While Hcy has been shown to promote endothelial dysfunction by decreasing the bioavailability of nitric oxide and increasing oxidative stress in the vasculature, the effects of Hcy on cardiomyocytes remain less understood. In this study we explored the effects of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on myocardial function ex vivo and examined the direct effects of Hcy on cardiomyocyte function and survival in vitro. Studies with isolated hearts from wild type and HHcy mice (heterozygous cystathionine-beta synthase deficient mice) demonstrated that HHcy mouse hearts had more severely impaired cardiac relaxation and contractile function and increased cell death following ischemia reperfusion (I/R). In isolated cultured adult rat ventricular myocytes, exposure to Hcy for 24 h impaired cardiomyocyte contractility in a concentration-dependent manner, and promoted apoptosis as revealed by terminal dUTP nick-end labeling and cleaved caspase-3 immunoblotting. These effects were associated with activation of p38 MAPK, decreased expression of thioredoxin (TRX) protein, and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of p38 MAPK by the selective inhibitor SB203580 (5 μM) prevented all of these Hcy-induced changes. Furthermore, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRX in cardiomyocytes significantly attenuated Hcy-induced ROS generation, apoptosis, and impairment of myocyte contractility. Thus, Hcy may increase the risk for CVD not only by causing endothelial dysfunction, but also by directly exerting detrimental effects on cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Hannibal L, DiBello PM, Yu M, Miller A, Wang S, Willard B, Rosenblatt DS, Jacobsen DW. The MMACHC proteome: hallmarks of functional cobalamin deficiency in humans. Mol Genet Metab 2011; 103:226-39. [PMID: 21497120 PMCID: PMC3110603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cobalamin (Cbl, B(12)) is an essential micronutrient required to fulfill the enzymatic reactions of cytosolic methylcobalamin-dependent methionine synthase and mitochondrial adenosylcobalamin-dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Mutations in the MMACHC gene (cblC complementation group) disrupt processing of the upper-axial ligand of newly internalized cobalamins, leading to functional deficiency of the vitamin. Patients with cblC disease present with both hyperhomocysteinemia and methylmalonic acidemia, cognitive dysfunction, and megaloblastic anemia. In the present study we show that cultured skin fibroblasts from cblC patients export increased levels of both homocysteine and methylmalonic acid compared to control skin fibroblasts, and that they also have decreased levels of total intracellular folates. This is consistent with the clinical phenotype of functional cobalamin deficiency in vivo. The protein changes that accompany human functional Cbl deficiency are unknown. The proteome of control and cblC fibroblasts was quantitatively examined by two dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/ESI/MS). Major changes were observed in the expression levels of proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization and assembly, the neurological system and cell signaling. Pathway analysis of the differentially expressed proteins demonstrated strong associations with neurological disorders, muscular and skeletal disorders, and cardiovascular diseases in the cblC mutant cell lines. Supplementation of the cell cultures with hydroxocobalamin did not restore the cblC proteome to the patterns of expression observed in control cells. These results concur with the observed phenotype of patients with the cblC disorder and their sometimes poor response to treatment with hydroxocobalamin. Our findings could be valuable for designing alternative therapies to alleviate the clinical manifestation of the cblC disorder, as some of the protein changes detected in our study are common hallmarks of known pathologies such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases as well as muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Hannibal
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH 44195
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
- Address correspondence to: Luciana Hannibal, Ph.D., Department of Pathobiology, NC2-104, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44195, Tel: 216-445-9761, Fax: 216-636-0104, , or Donald W. Jacobsen, Ph.D., Department of Cell Biology, NC-10, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, Tel: 216-444-8340, Fax: 216-444-9404,
| | - Patricia M. DiBello
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Michelle Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Abby Miller
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Sihe Wang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Belinda Willard
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH 44195
| | | | - Donald W. Jacobsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH 44195
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Address correspondence to: Luciana Hannibal, Ph.D., Department of Pathobiology, NC2-104, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44195, Tel: 216-445-9761, Fax: 216-636-0104, , or Donald W. Jacobsen, Ph.D., Department of Cell Biology, NC-10, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, Tel: 216-444-8340, Fax: 216-444-9404,
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Papapanagiotou A, Gissis I, Papadopoulos C, Souglis A, Bogdanis GC, Giosos I, Sotiropoulos A. Changes in Homocysteine and 8-iso-PGF2aLevels in Football and Hockey Players After a Match. Res Sports Med 2011; 19:118-28. [DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2011.556532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Papapanagiotou
- a Department of Biological Chemistry , Medical School, University of Athens , Greece
| | - I. Gissis
- b Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Serres, Greece
| | - C. Papadopoulos
- b Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Serres, Greece
| | - A. Souglis
- c Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences , University of Athens , Greece
| | - G. C. Bogdanis
- c Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences , University of Athens , Greece
| | - I. Giosos
- c Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences , University of Athens , Greece
| | - A. Sotiropoulos
- c Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences , University of Athens , Greece
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Washio T, Nomoto K, Watanabe I, Tani S, Nagao K, Hirayama A. Relationship Between Plasma Homocysteine Levels and Congestive Heart Failure in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Homocysteine and Congestive Heart Failure. Int Heart J 2011; 52:224-8. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.52.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Washio
- Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Surugadai Hospital
| | - Kazumiki Nomoto
- Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Surugadai Hospital
| | | | - Shigemasa Tani
- Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Surugadai Hospital
| | - Ken Nagao
- Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Surugadai Hospital
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Raaf L, Noll C, Cherifi MEH, Samuel JL, Delcayre C, Delabar JM, Benazzoug Y, Janel N. Myocardial fibrosis and TGFB expression in hyperhomocysteinemic rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 347:63-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia, an increased level of plasma homocysteine, is an independent risk factor for the development of premature arterial fibrosis with peripheral and cerebro-vascular, neurogenic and hypertensive heart disease, coronary occlusion and myocardial infarction, as well as venous thromboembolism. It is reported that hyperhomocysteinemia causes vascular dysfunction by two major routes: (1) increasing blood pressure and, (2) impairing the vasorelaxation activity of endothelial-derived nitric oxide. The homocysteine activates metalloproteinases and induces collagen synthesis and causes imbalances of elastin/collagen ratio which compromise vascular elastance. The metabolites from hyperhomocysteinemic endothelium could modify components of the underlying muscle cells, leading to vascular dysfunction and hypertension. Homocysteine metabolizes in the body to produce H(2)S, which is a strong antioxidant and vasorelaxation factor. At an elevated level, homocysteine inactivates proteins by homocysteinylation including its endogenous metabolizing enzyme, cystathionine gamma-lyase. Thus, reduced production of H(2)S during hyperhomocysteinemia exemplifies hypertension and vascular diseases. In light of the present information, this review focuses on the mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia-associated hypertension and highlights the novel modulatory role of H(2)S to ameliorate hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Endogenous hydrogen sulfide is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 396:182-6. [PMID: 20394735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic, complex, and progressive pathological process in large and medium sized arteries. The exact mechanism of this process remains unclear. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), a novel gasotransmitter, was confirmed as playing a major role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. It plays a role in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and apoptosis, participates in the progress of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY), inhibits atherogenic modification of LDL, interferes with vascular calcification, intervenes with platelet function, and there are interactions between H(2)S and inflammatory processes. The role of H(2)S in atherosclerotic pathogenesis highlights the mysteries of atherosclerosis and inspires the search for innovative therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the studies to date that have considered the role of H(2)S in atherosclerosis.
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