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Saglam-Metiner P, Duran E, Sabour-Takanlou L, Biray-Avci C, Yesil-Celiktas O. Differentiation of Neurons, Astrocytes, Oligodendrocytes and Microglia From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Form Neural Tissue-On-Chip: A Neuroinflammation Model to Evaluate the Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:413-436. [PMID: 37938408 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Advances in stem cell (SC) technology allow the generation of cellular models that recapitulate the histological, molecular and physiological properties of humanized in vitro three dimensional (3D) models, as well as production of cell-derived therapeutics such as extracellular vesicles (EVs). Improvements in organ-on-chip platforms and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived neural/glial cells provide unprecedented systems for studying 3D personalized neural tissue modeling with easy setup and fast output. Here, we highlight the key points in differentiation procedures for neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia from single origin hiPSCs. Additionally, we present a well-defined humanized neural tissue-on-chip model composed of differentiated cells with the same genetic backgrounds, as well as the therapeutic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles to propose a novel treatment for neuroinflammation derived diseases. Around 100 nm CD9 + EVs promote a more anti-inflammatory and pro-remodeling of cell-cell interaction cytokine responses on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced neuroinflammation in neural tissue-on-chip model which is ideal for modeling authentic neural-glial patho-physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Saglam-Metiner
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Division of Neuroscience, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elif Duran
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Cigir Biray-Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
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2
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Wang M, Li S, Liu H, Liu M, Zhang J, Wu Y, Xiao C, Huang H. Large-conductance Ca 2 +-activated K + channel β1-subunit maintains the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1062695. [PMID: 36568562 PMCID: PMC9780463 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1062695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotype switching is very important during the pathogenesis and progression of vascular diseases. However, it is not well understood how normal VSMCs maintain the differentiated state. The large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels are widely expressed in VSMCs and regulate vascular tone. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding of the role of the BKCa channel in modulation of the VSMC phenotype. Methods and results We assessed BKCa channel expression levels in normal and injured carotid arteries from rats of the balloon-injury model. A strong decrease of BKCa-β1 was seen in the injured carotid arteries, accompanied by a parallel decrease of the VSMC contractile markers. BKCa-β1 in primary rat aortic VSMCs was decreased with the increase of passage numbers and the stimulation of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB. Conversely, transforming growth factor β upregulated BKCa-β1. Meanwhile, the BKCa-β1 level was positively associated with the levels of VSMC contractile proteins. Intravenous injection of PDGF-BB induced downregulation of BKCa-β1 expression in the carotid arteries. Knockdown of BKCa-β1 favored VSMC dedifferentiation, characterized by altered morphology, abnormal actin fiber organization, decreased contractile proteins expression and reduced contractile ability. Furthermore, the resultant VSMC dedifferentiated phenotype rendered increased proliferation, migration, enhanced inflammatory factors levels, and matrix metalloproteinases activity. Studies using primary cultured aortic VSMCs from human recapitulated key findings. Finally, protein level of BKCa-β1 was reduced in human atherosclerotic arteries. Conclusion BKCa-β1 is important in the maintenance of the contractile phenotype of VSMCs. As a novel endogenous defender that prevents pathological VSMC phenotype switching, BKCa-β1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for treating vascular diseases including post-injury restenosis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuanglei Li
- Division of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongshan Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Division of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cangsong Xiao
- Division of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Cangsong Xiao,
| | - Haixia Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Haixia Huang,
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3
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Jadli AS, Ballasy NN, Gomes KP, Mackay CDA, Meechem M, Wijesuriya TM, Belke D, Thompson J, Fedak PWM, Patel VB. Attenuation of Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switching by Angiotensin 1-7 Protects against Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415566. [PMID: 36555207 PMCID: PMC9779869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) involves extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of the aortic wall, leading to reduced biomechanical support with risk of aortic dissection and rupture. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system, and resultant angiotensin (Ang) II synthesis, is critically involved in the onset and progression of TAA. The current study investigated the effects of angiotensin (Ang) 1-7 on a murine model of TAA. Male 8-10-week-old ApoEKO mice were infused with Ang II (1.44 mg/kg/day) and treated with Ang 1-7 (0.576 mg/kg/day). ApoEKO mice developed advanced TAA in response to four weeks of Ang II infusion. Echocardiographic and histological analyses demonstrated increased aortic dilatation, excessive structural remodelling, perivascular fibrosis, and inflammation in the thoracic aorta. Ang 1-7 infusion led to attenuation of pathological phenotypic alterations associated with Ang II-induced TAA. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from adult murine thoracic aorta exhibited excessive mitochondrial fission, oxidative stress, and hyperproliferation in response to Ang II. Treatment with Ang 1-7 resulted in inhibition of mitochondrial fragmentation, ROS generation, and hyperproliferation. Gene expression profiling used for characterization of the contractile and synthetic phenotypes of thoracic aortic SMCs revealed preservation of the contractile phenotype with Ang 1-7 treatment. In conclusion, Ang 1-7 prevented Ang II-induced vascular remodeling and the development of TAA. Enhancing Ang 1-7 actions may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent or delay the progression of TAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul S. Jadli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Noura N. Ballasy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Karina P. Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Cameron D. A. Mackay
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Megan Meechem
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Tishani Methsala Wijesuriya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Darrell Belke
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Paul W. M. Fedak
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Vaibhav B. Patel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-(403)-220-3446
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Xu H, Fang B, Bao C, Mao X, Zhu C, Ye L, Liu Q, Li Y, Du C, Qi H, Zhang X, Guan Y. The Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP4 Promotes Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia through Translational Control of Tenascin C via the cAPM/PKA/mTORC1/rpS6 Pathway. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172720. [PMID: 36078128 PMCID: PMC9454981 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an important metabolite of arachidonic acid which plays a crucial role in vascular physiology and pathophysiology via its four receptors (EP1-4). However, the role of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) EP4 in neointimal hyperplasia is largely unknown. Here we showed that VSMC-specific deletion of EP4 (VSMC-EP4) ameliorated, while VSMC-specific overexpression of human EP4 promoted, neointimal hyperplasia in mice subjected to femoral artery wire injury or carotid artery ligation. In vitro studies revealed that pharmacological activation of EP4 promoted, whereas inhibition of EP4 suppressed, proliferation and migration of primary-cultured VSMCs. Mechanically, EP4 significantly increased the protein expression of tenascin C (TN-C), a pro-proliferative and pro-migratory extracellular matrix protein, at the translational level. Knockdown of TN-C markedly suppressed EP4 agonist-induced VSMC proliferation and migration. Further studies uncovered that EP4 upregulated TN-C protein expression via the PKA/mTORC1/Ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) pathway. Together, our findings demonstrate that VSMC EP4 increases TN-C protein expression to promote neointimal hyperplasia via the PKA-mTORC1-rpS6 pathway. Therefore, VSMC EP4 may represent a potential therapeutic target for vascular restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Xu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Bingying Fang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Chengzhen Bao
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Xiuhui Mao
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Chunhua Zhu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Lan Ye
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Yaqing Li
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Chunxiu Du
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Hang Qi
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.G.)
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MED1 Deficiency in Macrophages Accelerates Intimal Hyperplasia via ROS Generation and Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3010577. [PMID: 34853629 PMCID: PMC8629658 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3010577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1) is a component of the mediator complex and functions as a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Previously, we showed that MED1 in macrophages has a protective effect on atherosclerosis; however, the effect of MED1 on intimal hyperplasia and mechanisms regulating proinflammatory cytokine production after macrophage MED1 deletion are still unknown. In this study, we report that MED1 macrophage-specific knockout (MED1 ΔMac) mice showed aggravated neointimal hyperplasia, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and macrophage accumulation in injured arteries. Moreover, MED1 ΔMac mice showed increased proinflammatory cytokine production after an injury to the artery. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, MED1 ΔMac macrophages showed increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced expression of peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC1α) and antioxidant enzymes, including catalase and glutathione reductase. The overexpression of PGC1α attenuated the effects of MED1 deficiency in macrophages. In vitro, conditioned media from MED1 ΔMac macrophages induced more proliferation and migration of VSMCs. To explore the potential mechanisms by which MED1 affects inflammation, macrophages were treated with BAY11-7082 before LPS treatment, and the results showed that MED1 ΔMac macrophages exhibited increased expression of phosphorylated-p65 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (p-STAT1) compared with the control macrophages, suggesting the enhanced activation of NF-κB and STAT1. In summary, these data showed that MED1 deficiency enhanced inflammation and the proliferation and migration of VSMCs in injured vascular tissue, which may result from the activation of NF-κB and STAT1 due to the accumulation of ROS.
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6
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Zhu J, Li J, Guo Y, Quaisie J, Hong C, Ma H. Antihypertensive and Immunomodulatory Effects of Defatted Corn Germ Hydrolysates: An in vivo Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:679583. [PMID: 34109205 PMCID: PMC8180860 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.679583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antihypertensive and immunomodulatory effects of defatted corn germ hydrolysates (DCGHs) in vivo and their potential regulatory mechanisms. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) was significantly reduced (10.30%) by the long-term intragastric administration of DCGHs (high doses). Also, there was drastic inhibition of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the lung, kidney, and heart tissues by 24.53, 22.28, and 12.93%, respectively. It could regulate the blood pressure by adjusting the balance between endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factors and endothelium-derived relaxing factors. Meanwhile, DCGHs enhanced the phagocytosis of mononuclear macrophages, cellular immunity, and humoral immunity of ICR mice by increasing the phagocytic index of mononuclear macrophages (23.71%), ear swelling degree (44.82%), and antibody levels (52.32%). Moreover, it stimulated the release of immunoactive substances (e.g., lysozyme, interferon-γ, immunoglobulin G, and complement 3). Consequently, DCGHs could suitably be used in the formulation of novel functional foods with antihypertensive and immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yiting Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Janet Quaisie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Hong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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7
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Cai Z, Wang Z, Yuan R, Cui M, Lao Y, Wang Y, Nie P, Shen L, Yi J, He B. Redox-sensitive enzyme SENP3 mediates vascular remodeling via de-SUMOylation of β-catenin and regulation of its stability. EBioMedicine 2021; 67:103386. [PMID: 34000626 PMCID: PMC8138600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress plays critical pathophysiological roles in vascular remodeling-related cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis. Previous studies demonstrate that SENP3, a redox-sensitive SUMO2/3-specific protease, is strongly implicated in cancer development and progression. However, the role of SENP3 in vascular remodeling remains unknown. Methods We generated three mouse models of vascular remodeling due to low shear stress, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. The expression of SENP3 was determined by western blotting and/or immunofluorescence staining in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), animal models, and human samples. The biological function of SENP3 in proliferation and migration of VSMC and vascular remodeling was further investigated in vitro and in vivo models. Findings SENP3 was highly expressed in VSMCs of remodeled arteries, accompanied by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In cultured VSMCs, SENP3 protein levels were enhanced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein and Angiotensin II in a ROS-dependent manner. SENP3 overexpression significantly promoted and sh-RNA-mediated knockdown markedly inhibited VSMCs proliferation and migration. Immunofluorescence staining showed that SENP3 expression was correlated with intimal area in remodeled arteries. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SENP3 interacted with β-catenin and inhibited its proteasome-dependent degradation via de-SUMOylation of β-catenin. Most importantly, SENP3+/− mice exhibited alleviated vascular remodeling. Interpretation Our results highlight the important function of SENP3 as a redox sensor and mediator in vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Cai
- Heart Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Heart Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ruosen Yuan
- Heart Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Mingli Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Yimin Lao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong Universtity School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong Universtity School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Peng Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Linghong Shen
- Heart Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong Universtity School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Ben He
- Heart Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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8
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Lamb FS, Choi H, Miller MR, Stark RJ. TNFα and Reactive Oxygen Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Hypertension and Atherosclerosis. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:902-913. [PMID: 32498083 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension and atherosclerosis, the predecessors of stroke and myocardial infarction, are chronic vascular inflammatory reactions. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), the "master" proinflammatory cytokine, contributes to both the initiation and maintenance of vascular inflammation. TNFα induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production which drives the redox reactions that constitute "ROS signaling." However, these ROS may also cause oxidative stress which contributes to vascular dysfunction. Mice lacking TNFα or its receptors are protected against both acute and chronic cardiovascular injury. Humans suffering from TNFα-driven inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis are at increased cardiovascular risk. When treated with highly specific biologic agents that target TNFα signaling (Etanercept, etc.) they display marked reductions in that risk. The ability of TNFα to induce endothelial dysfunction, often the first step in a progression toward serious vasculopathy, is well recognized and has been reviewed elsewhere. However, TNFα also has profound effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) including a fundamental change from a contractile to a secretory phenotype. This "phenotypic switching" promotes proliferation and production of extracellular matrix proteins which are associated with medial hypertrophy. Additionally, it promotes lipid storage and enhanced motility, changes that support the contribution of VSMCs to neointima and atherosclerotic plaque formation. This review focuses on the role of TNFα in driving the inflammatory changes in VSMC biology that contribute to cardiovascular disease. Special attention is given to the mechanisms by which TNFα promotes ROS production at specific subcellular locations, and the contribution of these ROS to TNFα signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred S Lamb
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hyehun Choi
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michael R Miller
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ryan J Stark
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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9
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Zhang Z, Xu MH, Wei FJ, Shang LN. Clinical study of different doses of atorvastatin combined with febuxostat in patients with gout and carotid atherosclerosis. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:1334-1338. [PMID: 32968404 PMCID: PMC7501040 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.6.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of atorvastatin combined with febuxostat in the treatment of gout patients with carotid atherosclerosis and to observe the effects on serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, carotid plaques, and the adverse reactions. Methods: Seventy patients with gout and carotid atherosclerosis admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2014 to June 2017 were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group received oral febuxostat 40 mg/day combined with atorvastatin 40 mg/day. The control group was given 40 mg/day febuxostat combined with 20 mg/day atorvastatin for 90 days. The effects of treatment on TNF-α, IL-1β, and CRP levels and carotid plaques of the patients were observed. Results: After 90 days of treatment, serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and CRP levels, as well as HUA and total cholesterol (TC), decreased in both groups after treatment. There were significant differences observed (p < 0.05). The carotid artery plaques in the two groups were significantly smaller after treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Double doses of atorvastatin combined with febuxostat can effectively reduce uric acid to improve the inflammatory state in patients and reduce carotid plaques without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Zheng Zhang, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Hua Xu
- Ming-hua Xu, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Ju Wei
- Feng-ju Wei, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Li-Na Shang
- Li-na Shang, Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
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10
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Gurung R, Choong AM, Woo CC, Foo R, Sorokin V. Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Modulation in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176334. [PMID: 32878347 PMCID: PMC7504666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) refers to the localized dilatation of the infra-renal aorta, in which the diameter exceeds 3.0 cm. Loss of vascular smooth muscle cells, degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), vascular inflammation, and oxidative stress are hallmarks of AAA pathogenesis and contribute to the progressive thinning of the media and adventitia of the aortic wall. With increasing AAA diameter, and left untreated, aortic rupture ensues with high mortality. Collective evidence of recent genetic and epigenetic studies has shown that phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) towards dedifferentiation and proliferative state, which associate with the ECM remodeling of the vascular wall and accompanied with increased cell senescence and inflammation, is seen in in vitro and in vivo models of the disease. This review critically analyses existing publications on the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms implicated in the complex role of SMCs within the aortic wall in AAA formation and reflects the importance of SMCs plasticity in AAA formation. Although evidence from the wide variety of mouse models is convincing, how this knowledge is applied to human biology needs to be addressed urgently leveraging modern in vitro and in vivo experimental technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rijan Gurung
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (R.G.); (R.F.)
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Andrew Mark Choong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (A.M.C.); (C.C.W.)
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Chin Cheng Woo
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (A.M.C.); (C.C.W.)
| | - Roger Foo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (R.G.); (R.F.)
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Vitaly Sorokin
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (A.M.C.); (C.C.W.)
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6779-5555
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11
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Lu ZY, Qi J, Yang B, Cao HL, Wang RY, Wang X, Chi RF, Guo CL, Yang ZM, Liu HM, Li B. Diallyl Trisulfide Suppresses Angiotensin II–Induced Vascular Remodeling Via Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 34:605-618. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Tang HX, Qin XP, Li J. Role of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 protein in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Vascular 2020; 28:821-828. [PMID: 32486969 DOI: 10.1177/1708538120929504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a key event in the pathogenesis of CVD. The functional and phenotypic changes in vascular cells are mediated by complex signaling cascades that initiate and control genetic reprogramming. Many studies have demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates a diverse array of functions relevant to atherosclerosis. METHODS In this review, we summarize the studies on the STAT3-mediated proliferation of VSMCs and subsequent CVDs such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction. Furthermore, we describe the general background of STAT3, its structure, function and regulation as well as the STAT3 signaling pathway. Finally, we highlight some potential issues and propose some solutions to these issues.Results and conclusions: STAT3 activation promotes the proliferation of VSMCs by regulating the transcription of genes. Studying the mechanism of VSMC proliferation induced by the STAT3 pathway is valuable for finding therapeutic targets for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Tang
- The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Xu-Ping Qin
- The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Li
- The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hunan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
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13
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Caon I, Bartolini B, Moretto P, Parnigoni A, Caravà E, Vitale DL, Alaniz L, Viola M, Karousou E, De Luca G, Hascall VC, Passi A, Vigetti D. Sirtuin 1 reduces hyaluronan synthase 2 expression by inhibiting nuclear translocation of NF-κB and expression of the long-noncoding RNA HAS2-AS1. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3485-3496. [PMID: 31932306 PMCID: PMC7076221 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is one of the most prevalent glycosaminoglycans of the vascular extracellular matrix (ECM). Abnormal HA accumulation within blood vessel walls is associated with tissue inflammation and is prominent in most vascular pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. Hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) is the main hyaluronan synthase enzyme involved in HA synthesis and uses cytosolic UDP-glucuronic acid and UDP-GlcNAc as substrates. The synthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid can alter the NAD+/NADH ratio via the enzyme UDP-glucose dehydrogenase, which oxidizes the alcohol group at C6 to the COO- group. Here, we show that HAS2 expression can be modulated by sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), the master metabolic sensor of the cell, belonging to the class of NAD+-dependent deacetylases. Our results revealed the following. 1) Treatments of human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) with SIRT1 activators (SRT1720 and resveratrol) inhibit both HAS2 expression and accumulation of pericellular HA coats. 2) Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) induced HA-mediated monocyte adhesion and AoSMC migration, whereas SIRT1 activation prevented immune cell recruitment and cell motility by reducing the expression levels of the receptor for HA-mediated motility, RHAMM, and the HA-binding protein TNF-stimulated gene 6 protein (TSG6). 3) SIRT1 activation prevented nuclear translocation of NF-κB (p65), which, in turn, reduced the levels of HAS2-AS1, a long-noncoding RNA that epigenetically controls HAS2 mRNA expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that both HAS2 expression and HA accumulation by AoSMCs are down-regulated by the metabolic sensor SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Barbara Bartolini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Arianna Parnigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Elena Caravà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Daiana L Vitale
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As., Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. (CIT NOBA UNNOBA-CONICET), B6000, Junín, Argentina
| | - Laura Alaniz
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As., Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. (CIT NOBA UNNOBA-CONICET), B6000, Junín, Argentina
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Giancarlo De Luca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Lerner Research Institute, ND20, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy.
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14
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Luo X, Yang D, Wu W, Long F, Xiao C, Qin M, Law BY, Suguro R, Xu X, Qu L, Liu X, Zhu YZ. Critical role of histone demethylase Jumonji domain-containing protein 3 in the regulation of neointima formation following vascular injury. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:1894-1906. [PMID: 29982434 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Jumonji domain-containing protein 3 (JMJD3), also called lysine specific demethylase 6B (KDM6b), is an inducible histone demethylase which plays an important role in many biological processes, however, its function in vascular remodelling remains unknown. We aim to demonstrate that JMJD3 mediates vascular neointimal hyperplasia following carotid injury, and proliferation and migration in platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB)-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods and results By using both genetic and pharmacological approaches, our study provides the first evidence that JMJD3 controls PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs proliferation and migration. Furthermore, our in vivo mouse and rat intimal thickening models demonstrate that JMJD3 is a novel mediator of neointima formation based on its mediatory effects on VSMCs proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switching. We further show that JMJD3 ablation by small interfering RNA or inhibitor GSK J4 can suppress the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), which is correlated with H3K27me3 enrichment around the gene promoters. Besides, deficiency of JMJD3 and Nox4 prohibits autophagic activation, and subsequently attenuates neointima and vascular remodelling following carotid injury. Above all, the increased expression of JMJD3 and Nox4 is further confirmed in human atherosclerotic arteries plaque specimens. Conclusions JMJD3 is a novel factor involved in vascular remodelling. Deficiency of JMJD3 reduces neointima formation after vascular injury by a mechanism that inhibits Nox4-autophagy signalling activation, and suggesting JMJD3 may serve as a perspective target for the prevention and treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoLing Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - WeiJun Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Long
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - ChenXi Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Betty YuenKwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research, Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Rinkiko Suguro
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - LeFeng Qu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - XinHua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research, Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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15
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Gunasekar P, Satish M, Dabestani P, Jiang W, Boosani C, Radwan M, Agrawal D, Asensio J. Modulation of Cathepsin L Expression in the Coronary Arteries of Atherosclerotic Swine. J Surg Res 2019; 243:460-468. [PMID: 31377485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) and restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and intravascular stenting remain a problem on a long-term basis by causing endothelial denudation and damage to the intima and media. Vascular sterile inflammation has been attributed to the formation of NIH. Cathepsin L (CTSL), a lysosome protease, is associated with diet-induced atherogenesis. Vitamin D regulates the actions and regulatory effects of proteases and protease inhibitors in different cell types. Objectives of this study are to evaluate the modulatory effect of vitamin D on CTSL activity in post-PTCA coronary arteries of atherosclerotic swine. METHODS Yucatan microswine were fed with high-cholesterol atherosclerotic diets. The swine were stratified to receive three diets: (1) vitamin D-deficient diet, (2) vitamin D-sufficient diet, and (3) vitamin D-supplement diet. After 6 mo, PTCA was performed in the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx). After 1 y, angiography and optical coherence tomography imaging were performed, and swine was euthanized. Coronary arteries were embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Expression of Ki67 and CTSL were evaluated by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Increased number of Ki67 + cells were observed in the postangioplasty LCx in vitamin D-deficient compared with vitamin D-sufficient or vitamin D-supplemented swine. Notably, the expression of CTSL was significantly increased in postangioplasty LCx of vitamin D-deficient swine compared with the vitamin D-sufficient or vitamin D-supplemented animal groups. CONCLUSIONS Increased expression of CTSL correlates with the formation of NIH in the PTCA-injured coronary arteries. However, in the presence of sufficient or supplemented levels of vitamin D in the blood, CTSL expression was significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanikumar Gunasekar
- Departments of Clinical & Translational Science and Trauma Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Mohan Satish
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Parinaz Dabestani
- Departments of Clinical & Translational Science and Trauma Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Wanlin Jiang
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Chandra Boosani
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Mohammad Radwan
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Devendra Agrawal
- Departments of Clinical & Translational Science and Trauma Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Juan Asensio
- Departments of Clinical & Translational Science and Trauma Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
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16
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Yang D, Xiao C, Long F, Wu W, Huang M, Qu L, Liu X, Zhu Y. Fra‐1 plays a critical role in angiotensin II—induced vascular senescence. FASEB J 2019; 33:7603-7614. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801671rrrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Department of PharmacologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small MoleculesSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineSchool of PharmacyMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
| | - Chenxi Xiao
- Department of PharmacologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small MoleculesSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fen Long
- Department of PharmacologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small MoleculesSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weijun Wu
- Department of PharmacologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small MoleculesSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mengwei Huang
- Department of PharmacologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small MoleculesSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lefeng Qu
- Department of Vascular SurgeryChangzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of PharmacologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small MoleculesSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- Department of PharmacologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small MoleculesSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineSchool of PharmacyMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
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17
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Liu X, Du H, Chen D, Yuan H, Chen W, Jia W, Wang X, Li X, Gao L. Cyclophilin D deficiency protects against the development of mitochondrial ROS and cellular inflammation in aorta. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:1202-1208. [PMID: 30554656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation and oxidative stress are closely correlated in the pathology of cardiovascular disease. Mitochondrial cyclophilin D (CypD), the important modulator for mPTP opening, is increasingly recognized as a key regulator of cellular ROS generation. Besides, its association with cell inflammation is also being discovered. However, the effects of CypD in modulating vascular inflammatory response is unknown. We sought to investigate whether CypD deficiency attenutes vascular inflammation under physical conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS We adopted CypD KO mouse and their littermate controls to observe the effects of CypD deficiency on aortic mitochondrial functions and vascular inflammation. As we found in our study, we confirmed that under physical conditions, CypD deficiency enhanced mouse whole body metabolic status, increased aortic mitochondrial complex III activity and decreased mitochondrial ROS generation. Functionally, CypD deficiency also attenuated inflammatory molecules expression, including VCAM-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in mouse aorta. CONCLUSIONS Our results review that mitochondrial CypD is involved in the regulation of inflammation in aorta and provide insights that blocking mitochondrial CypD enhances vascular resistance to inflammatory injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Liu
- Deparment of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Dan Chen
- Deparment of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Department of Electrocardiographic, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Hai Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Wenyu Jia
- Deparment of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Deparment of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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Choi S, Park M, Kim J, Park W, Kim S, Lee DK, Hwang JY, Choe J, Won MH, Ryoo S, Ha KS, Kwon YG, Kim YM. TNF-α elicits phenotypic and functional alterations of vascular smooth muscle cells by miR-155-5p-dependent down-regulation of cGMP-dependent kinase 1. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14812-14822. [PMID: 30104414 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PKG1) plays an important role in nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP-mediated maintenance of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype and vasorelaxation. Inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), have long been understood to mediate several inflammatory vascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of TNFα-dependent inflammatory vascular disease is unclear. Here, we found that TNFα treatment decreased PKG1 expression in cultured VSMCs, which correlated with NF-κB-dependent biogenesis of miR-155-5p that targeted the 3'-UTR of PKG1 mRNA. TNFα induced VSMC phenotypic switching from a contractile to a synthetic state through the down-regulation of VSMC marker genes, suppression of actin polymerization, alteration of cell morphology, and elevation of cell proliferation and migration. All of these events were blocked by treatment with an inhibitor of miR-155-5p or PKG1, whereas transfection with miR-155-5p mimic or PKG1 siRNA promoted phenotypic modulation, similar to the response to TNFα. In addition, TNFα-induced miR-155-5p inhibited the vasorelaxant response of de-endothelialized mouse aortic vessels to 8-Br-cGMP by suppressing phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase and myosin light chain, both of which are downstream signal modulators of PKG1. Moreover, TNFα-induced VSMC phenotypic alteration and vasodilatory dysfunction were blocked by NF-κB inhibition. These results suggest that TNFα impairs NO/cGMP-mediated maintenance of the VSMC contractile phenotype and vascular relaxation by down-regulating PKG1 through NF-κB-dependent biogenesis of miR-155-5p. Thus, the NF-κB/miR-155-5p/PKG1 axis may be crucial in the pathogenesis of inflammatory vascular diseases, such as atherosclerotic intimal hyperplasia and preeclamptic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghwan Choi
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Minsik Park
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Joohwan Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Wonjin Park
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Suji Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Dong-Keon Lee
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | | | | | - Moo-Ho Won
- Neurobiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341
| | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- the Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, and
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
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Guimaraes TS, da Rocha LA, Becari C, Piccinato CE, Joviliano RD, Ribeiro MS, Joviliano EE. The Role of Interleukins and Inflammatory Markers in the Early Restenosis of Covered Stents in the Femoropopliteal Arterial Segment. Ann Vasc Surg 2018; 50:88-95. [PMID: 29481941 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between inflammatory markers, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and highly sensitive C-reactive protein, and the development of arterial restenosis 6 months after femoropopliteal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with covered stent implantation. METHODS We recruited 27 patients of a tertiary hospital in Brazil who were treated with covered stents for atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease. Serum samples were collected before stent implantation, then 24 hr later, and 6 months after the procedure. RESULTS At 6-month follow-up, 4 patients (15%) presented restenosis. IL1- β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels showed a statistically significant reduction after both 24 hr and 6 months compared with pretreatment levels (P < 0.01). There were increased levels of IL-10 and TGF-β both 24 hr and 6 months after PTA and stenting compared with pretreatment levels (P < 0.01). None of the cytokines studied were correlated with restenosis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a significant increase in anti-inflammatory TGF-β and IL-10 and a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α 6 months after the procedure, but no inflammatory marker was independently identified as a risk factor for in-stent restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Silva Guimaraes
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Andrade da Rocha
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Department of Surgery, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Christiane Becari
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eli Piccinato
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Dellalibera Joviliano
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Serra Ribeiro
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edwaldo Edner Joviliano
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Han J, Chen D, Liu D, Zhu Y. Modafinil attenuates inflammation via inhibiting Akt/NF-κB pathway in apoE-deficient mouse model of atherosclerosis. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:385-393. [PMID: 28828622 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Modafinil, an FDA approved wakefulness drug prescribed to narcolepsy patients, has recently been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and provides protection against neuroinflammation. It is unknown if modafinil can also protect against atherosclerosis, pathogenesis of which implicates inflammation. Using an apoE-deficient mouse model, we tried to elucidate the effects of modafinil treatment on the development of atherosclerosis. We tested serum levels of cytokines. We isolated mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), detected effect of modafinil on the viability and proliferation of BMDMs, and on oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced IL-6 and TNF-α, and supernatant level of IFN-γ as well as NF-κB activity in BMDMs. Modafinil inhibited the development of atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice. Modafinil suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF and IFN-γ, and promoted secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. Modafinil inhibited viability and proliferation of macrophages by negatively regulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, p-Akt, p-IKBα and NF-κB activity in macrophages. Modafinil mitigates inflammation in apoE-/- atherosclerosis mice via inhibiting NF-κB activity in macrophages, and could potentially serve as a therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, NO. 9 Saertu District, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Dongwei Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Daqing Longnan Hospital, NO. 35 Patriotic Road, Ranghulu District, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dayi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, NO. 9 Saertu District, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, NO. 9 Saertu District, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China
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21
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Gareri C, Iaconetti C, Sorrentino S, Covello C, De Rosa S, Indolfi C. miR-125a-5p Modulates Phenotypic Switch of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Targeting ETS-1. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:1817-1828. [PMID: 28502794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are key regulators of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotypic switch, one of the main events responsible for bare metal in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. miR-125a-5p is an important modulator of differentiation, proliferation, and migration in different cell types; however, its role in VSMCs is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of miR-125a-5p in VSMCs phenotypic switch. Our results suggest that miR-125a-5p is highly expressed in VSMCs, but it is down-regulated after vascular injury in vivo. Its overexpression is sufficient to reduce VSMCs proliferation and migration, and it is able to promote the expression of selective VSMCs markers such as alpha smooth muscle actin, myosin heavy chain 11, and smooth muscle 22 alpha. Interestingly, miR-125a-5p directly targets ETS-1, a transcription factor implicated in cell proliferation and migration and is crucial in PDGF-BB pathway in VSMCs. Thus, miR-125a-5p in this context inhibits PDGF-BB pathway and is therefore a potential regulator of VSMCs phenotypic switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gareri
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro 88100, Italy; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - C Iaconetti
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - S Sorrentino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - C Covello
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - S De Rosa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - C Indolfi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro 88100, Italy; URT-CNR, Department of Medicine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche of IFC.
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22
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Wang YC, Cui XB, Chuang YH, Chen SY. Janus Kinase 3, a Novel Regulator for Smooth Muscle Proliferation and Vascular Remodeling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1352-1360. [PMID: 28473442 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular remodeling because of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation is a common process occurring in several vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm, post-transplant vasculopathy, restenosis after angioplasty, etc. The molecular mechanism underlying SMC proliferation, however, is not completely understood. The objective of this study is to determine the role and mechanism of Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) in vascular remodeling and SMC proliferation. APPROACH AND RESULTS Platelet-derived growth factor-BB, an SMC mitogen, induces JAK3 expression and phosphorylation while stimulating SMC proliferation. Janex-1, a specific inhibitor of JAK3, or knockdown of JAK3 by short hairpin RNA, inhibits the SMC proliferation. Conversely, ectopic expression of JAK3 promotes SMC proliferation. Mechanistically, JAK3 promotes the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase in SMC, 2 signaling pathways known to be critical for SMC proliferation and vascular remodeling. Blockade of these 2 signaling pathways by their inhibitors impeded the JAK3-mediated SMC proliferation. In vivo, knockdown of JAK3 attenuates injury-induced neointima formation with attenuated neointimal SMC proliferation. Knockdown of JAK3 also induces neointimal SMC apoptosis in rat carotid artery balloon injury model. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that JAK3 mediates SMC proliferation and survival during injury-induced vascular remodeling, which provides a potential therapeutic target for preventing neointimal hyperplasia in proliferative vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chun Wang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Xiao-Bing Cui
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Ya-Hui Chuang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Shi-You Chen
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens.
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23
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Agca Y, Qian S, Agca C, Seye CI. Direct Evidence for P2Y2 Receptor Involvement in Vascular Response to Injury. J Vasc Res 2016; 53:163-171. [PMID: 27723650 DOI: 10.1159/000449059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extracellular nucleotide release at the site of arterial injury mediates the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Our aim was to investigate the role of the P2Y2 nucleotide receptor (P2Y2R) in neointimal hyperplasia. Approach and Results: Vascular injury was induced by the implantation of a polyethylene cuff around the femoral artery in wild-type and P2Y2R-deficient mice (P2Y2R-/-). Electron microscopy was used to analyze monocyte and lymphocyte influx to the intima 36 h after injury. Compared to wild-type littermates, P2Y2R-/- mice exhibited a 3-fold decreased number of mononuclear leukocytes invading the intima (p < 0.05). Concomitantly, the migration of smooth muscle cells was decreased by more than 60% (p < 0.05), resulting in a sharp inhibition of intimal thickening formation in P2Y2R-/- mice (n = 15) 14 days after cuff placement. In vitro, loss of P2Y2R significantly impaired monocyte migration in response to nucleotide agonists. Furthermore, transgenic rats overexpressing the P2Y2R developed accelerated intimal lesions resulting in more than 95% luminal stenosis (p < 0.05, n = 10). CONCLUSIONS Loss- and gain-of-function approaches established direct evidence for P2Y2R involvement in neointimal hyperplasia. Specific anti-P2Y2R therapies may be used against restenosis and bypass graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuksel Agca
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mont., USA
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24
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Li J, Zhang M, Wang M, Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhang W, Wang N. GHSR deficiency suppresses neointimal formation in injured mouse arteries. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:125-131. [PMID: 27404127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) is involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. In the present study, we examined the role of GHSR in neointimal formation following vascular injury. In the mouse model of femoral artery wire injury, we found that vessel intima-to-media ratio was significantly reduced in GHSR deficiency (GHSR-/-) mice compared with that in wild-type mice. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the smooth muscle cell (SMCs) in the neointima were significantly decreased in the injured arteries of GHSR-/- mice which was associated with decreased SMC proliferation and migration. Furthermore, immunoblotting demonstrated that, in cultured rat aortic SMCs, small interfering RNA-mediated GHSR knockdown suppressed the activation of Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These findings suggested a novel role of GHSR in neointimal formation likely via promoting the proliferation and migration of SMCs involving Akt and ERK1/2 signaling. Therefore, GHSR may be a potential therapeutic target in restenosis and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yahan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nanping Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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25
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Wang Q, Huo L, He J, Ding W, Su H, Tian D, Welch C, Hammock BD, Ai D, Zhu Y. Soluble epoxide hydrolase is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and arterial neointima formation by regulating smooth muscle cell migration. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1894-903. [PMID: 26453326 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00289.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) metabolizes EETs to less active diols, thus diminishing their biological activity. sEH inhibitors can suppress the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in animal models. However, the regulation of sEH in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and role of sEH in patients with atherosclerosis have not been evaluated. We hypothesize that sEH in VSMCs plays a pivotal role in atherosclerosis and injury-induced neointima formation. In this study, sEH expression in human autopsy atherosclerotic plaque was determined by immunohistochemistry. In cultured rat and human VSMCs, the phenotypic switching marker and sEH expression induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) were examined by Western blot analysis. Carotid-artery balloon injury was performed after adenovirus-mediated overexpression of sEH or oral administration of a potent sEH inhibitor in Sprague-Dawley rats. sEH was highly expressed in VSMCs of the intima and media within human atherosclerotic plaque. In vitro, PDGF-BB upregulated the expression in VSMCs after transcription and promoted cell proliferation and migration; the latter effect could be largely attenuated by an sEH inhibitor. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of sEH could mimic the effect of PDGF-BB and induce VSMC proliferation and migration. In vivo, the sEH inhibitor led to a significant decrease in injury-induced neointima formation in a rat carotid-artery injury model. These data establish the effect of sEH expression on atherosclerotic progression and vascular remodeling after injury, thus identifying a novel integrative role for sEH in VSMC phenotypic modulation and migration. Blocking sEH activity may be a potential therapeutic approach for ameliorating vascular occlusive disease.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/enzymology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Becaplermin
- Carotid Artery Injuries/enzymology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/therapy
- Cell Dedifferentiation
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Coronary Artery Disease/enzymology
- Coronary Artery Disease/genetics
- Coronary Artery Disease/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Eicosanoids/metabolism
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Epoxide Hydrolases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Epoxide Hydrolases/genetics
- Epoxide Hydrolases/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima
- Phenotype
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Vascular Remodeling
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leijun Huo
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinlong He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenshuang Ding
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Su
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongping Tian
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Carrie Welch
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York; and
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Ding Ai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China;
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26
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Yu Y, Cai Z, Cui M, Nie P, Sun Z, Sun S, Chu S, Wang X, Hu L, Yi J, Shen L, He B. The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 inhibits low shear stress-induced carotid artery remodeling in mice. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1547-55. [PMID: 26498924 PMCID: PMC4678158 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Shear stress, particularly low and oscillatory shear stress, plays a critical pathophysiological role in vascular remodeling-related cardiovascular diseases. Growing evidence suggests that the orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 [also known as TR3 or nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1 (NR4A1)] is expressed in diseased human vascular tissue and plays an important role in vascular physiology and pathology. In the present study, we used a mouse model of flow-dependent remodeling by partial ligation of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) to define the exact role of Nur77 in vascular remodeling induced by low shear stress. Following vascular remodeling, Nur77 was highly expressed in neointimal vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the ligated carotid arteries. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were elevated in the remodeled arteries in vivo and in primary rat VSMCs in vitro following stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Further in vitro experiments revealed that Nur77 expression was rapidly increased in the VSMCs following stimulation with PDGF and H2O2, whereas treatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, a ROS scavenger) reversed the increase in the protein level of Nur77 induced by H2O2. Moreover, Nur77 overexpression markedly inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, induced by PDGF. Finally, to determine the in vivo role of Nur77 in low shear stress-induced vascular remodeling, wild-type (WT) and Nur77-deficient mice were subjected to partial ligation of the LCCA. Four weeks following surgery, in the LCCAs of the Nur77-deficient mice, a significant increase in the intima-media area and carotid intima-media thickness was noted, as well as more severe elastin disruption and collagen deposition compared to the WT mice. Immunofluorescence staining revealed an increase in VSMC proliferation [determined by the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) production in the Nur77-deficient mice. There was no difference in the number of intimal apoptotic cells between the groups. Taken together, our results indicate that Nur77 may be a sensor of oxidative stress and an inhibitor of vascular remodeling induced by low shear stress. Nur77, as well as its downstream cell signals, may thus be a potential therapeutic target for the suppression of vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohua Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Mingli Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Peng Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Shiqun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Shichun Chu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Liuhua Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yi
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of the Education Ministry for Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis, Institutes of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Linghong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
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27
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Wei Y, Chen F, Zhang T, Chen D, Jia X, Wang J, Guo W, Chen J. A Tubing-Free Microfluidic Wound Healing Assay Enabling the Quantification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14049. [PMID: 26365412 PMCID: PMC4568460 DOI: 10.1038/srep14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a tubing-free microfluidic wound healing assay to quantify the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), where gravity was used to generate a laminar flow within microfluidic channels, enabling cell seeding, culture, and wound generation. As the first systemic study to quantify the migration of VSMCs within microfluidic environments, the effects of channel geometries, surface modifications and chemokines on cellular migration were investigated, revealing that 1) height of the micro channels had a significant impact on cell migration; 2) the surface coating of collagen induced more migration of VSMCs than fibronectin coated surfaces and 3) platelet derived growth factor resulted in maximal cell migration compared to tumor necrosis factor alpha and fetal bovine serum. Furthermore, migrations of five types of VSMCs (e.g., the human vascular smooth muscle cell line, two types of primary vascular smooth cells, and VSMCs isolated from two human samples) were quantified, finding that VSMCs from the cell line and human samples demonstrated comparable migration distances, which were significantly lower than the migration distances of two primary cell types. As a platform technology, this wound healing assay may function as a new model to study migration of VSMCs within microfluidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Clinical Division of Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, 100853
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, 100044
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
| | - Xin Jia
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Clinical Division of Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, 100853
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Clinical Division of Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, 100853
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
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28
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Zhang RN, Zheng B, Li LM, Zhang J, Zhang XH, Wen JK. Tongxinluo inhibits vascular inflammation and neointimal hyperplasia through blockade of the positive feedback loop between miR-155 and TNF-α. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 307:H552-62. [PMID: 24951754 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00936.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tongxinluo (TXL), a traditional Chinese medicine, has multiple vasoprotective effects, including anti-inflammation. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is involved in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. However, a direct relationship between TXL and miR-155 in the development of vascular inflammation and remodeling had not yet been shown. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether TXL exerts an inhibitory effect on the vascular inflammatory response and neointimal hyperplasia by regulating miR-155 expression. Using the carotid artery ligation model in mice, we have shown that TXL dose dependently inhibited neointimal formation and reduced the vascular inflammatory response by inhibiting inflammatory cytokine production and macrophage infiltration. miR-155 was induced by carotid artery ligation, and neointimal hyperplasia was strongly reduced in miR-155(−/−) mice. In contrast, miR-155 overexpression partly reversed the inhibitory effect of TXL on neointimal hyperplasia. In bone marrow-derived macrophages, miR-155 and TNF-α formed a positive feedback loop to promote the inflammatory response, which could be blocked by TXL. Furthermore, TXL increased Akt1 protein expression and phosphorylation in TNF-α-stimulated marrow-derived macrophages, and knockdown of Akt1 abrogated the TXL-induced suppression of miR-155. In conclusion, TXL inhibits the vascular inflammatory response and neointimal hyperplasia induced by carotid artery ligation in mice. Suppression of miR-155 expression mediated by Akt1 and blockade of the feedback loop between miR-155 and TNF-α are important pathways whereby TXL exerts its vasoprotective effects.
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29
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McCormick S, He Q, Stern J, Khodarev N, Weichselbaum R, Skelly CL. Evidence for the Use of Multiple Mechanisms by Herpes Simplex Virus-1 R7020 to Inhibit Intimal Hyperplasia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130264. [PMID: 26132411 PMCID: PMC4488439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is the primary cause of vein bypass graft failure. The smooth muscle cell (SMC) is a key element of IH as it phenotypically switches from a contractile to a synthetic state which can become pathological. R7020, which is an engineered strain of Herpes Simplex Virus-1, inhibits IH in animal models. Although it has many characteristics which make it a strong candidate for use as a prophylactic agent how it inhibits IH is not well understood. The objective of this study was to identify modes of action used by R7020 to function in blood vessels that may also contribute to its inhibition of IH. The cytopathic effect of R7020 on SMCs was determined in vitro and in a rabbit IH model. In vitro assays with R7020 infected SMCs were used to quantify the effect of dose on the release kinetics of the virus as well as the effects of R7020 on cell viability and the adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to SMCs in the absence and presence of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The observed cytopathic effect, which included R7020 positive filopodia that extend from cell to cell and the formation of syncytia, suggests that R7020 remains cell associated after egress and spreads cell to cell instead of by diffusion through the extracellular fluid. This would allow the virus to rapidly infect vascular cells while evading the immune system. The directionality of the filopodia in vivo suggests that the virus preferentially travels from the media towards the intima targeting SMCs that would lead to IH. The formation of syncytia would inhibit SMC proliferation as incorporated cells are not able to multiply. It was also observed that R7020 induced the fusion of PBMCs with syncytia suggesting the virus may limit the effect of macrophages on IH. Furthermore, R7020 inhibited the proliferative effect of TNF-α, an inflammatory cytokine associated with increased IH. Thus, the results of this study suggest that R7020 inhibits IH through multiple mechanisms.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/pathogenicity
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/physiology
- Humans
- Hyperplasia/virology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/virology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/physiology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/virology
- Rabbits
- Tunica Intima/pathology
- Tunica Intima/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan McCormick
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Qi He
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jordan Stern
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nikolai Khodarev
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ralph Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Christopher L. Skelly
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Araújo PV, Ribeiro MS, Dalio MB, Rocha LA, Viaro F, Joviliano RD, Piccinato CE, Évora PRB, Joviliano EE. Interleukins and Inflammatory Markers in In-Stent Restenosis after Femoral Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty. Ann Vasc Surg 2015; 29:731-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Freise C, Querfeld U. The lignan (+)-episesamin interferes with TNF-α-induced activation of VSMC via diminished activation of NF-ĸB, ERK1/2 and AKT and decreased activity of gelatinases. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:642-52. [PMID: 25267105 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Activation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), a key event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, is triggered by inflammatory stimuli such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) causing a mitogenic VSMC response. The polyphenol (+)-episesamin (ES) was shown to counteract TNF-α-induced effects, for example in macrophages. Aiming for novel therapeutic options, we here investigated whether ES protects VSMC from TNF-α-induced growth and migration, which both contribute to the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. METHODS Human and murine VSMC were treated with combinations of ES and TNF-α. Expressions of mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR. Enzymatic activities and proliferation were determined by specific substrate assays. Cell signalling was analyzed by Western blot and reporter gene assays. Migration was assessed by wound healing assays. RESULTS ES at 1-10 μm reduced basal and TNF-α-induced VSMC proliferation and migration due to impaired activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2, Akt (protein kinase B), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. This was accompanied by reduced expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2/-9, which are known to promote VSMC migration. Specific inhibitors of Akt, NF-ĸB and MMP-2/-9 reduced TNF-α-induced VSMC proliferation, confirming ES-specific effects. Besides, ES reduced TNF-α- and H₂O₂ -induced oxidative stress and in parallel induces anti-inflammatory haem oxygenase (HO)-1 expression. CONCLUSION ES interferes with inflammation-associated VSMC activation and subsequent decreased proliferation and migration due to anti-oxidative properties and impaired activation of NF-ĸB, known contributors to atherogenesis. These results suggest ES as a complemental treatment of VSMC specific vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Freise
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Center for Cardiovascular Research; Charité - University Medicine; Campus Virchow Clinic; Berlin Germany
| | - U. Querfeld
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology; Charité - University Medicine; Campus Virchow Clinic; Berlin Germany
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32
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Bauer RC, Tohyama J, Cui J, Cheng L, Yang J, Zhang X, Ou K, Paschos GK, Zheng XL, Parmacek MS, Rader DJ, Reilly MP. Knockout of Adamts7, a novel coronary artery disease locus in humans, reduces atherosclerosis in mice. Circulation 2015; 131:1202-1213. [PMID: 25712206 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.012669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have established ADAMTS7 as a locus for coronary artery disease in humans. However, these studies fail to provide directionality for the association between ADAMTS7 and coronary artery disease. Previous reports have implicated ADAMTS7 in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell migration, but a role for and the direction of impact of this gene in atherogenesis have not been shown in relevant model systems. METHODS AND RESULTS We bred an Adamts7 whole-body knockout mouse onto both the Ldlr and Apoe knockout hyperlipidemic mouse models. Adamts7(-/-)/Ldlr(-/-) and Adamts7(-/-)/Apoe(-/-) mice displayed significant reductions in lesion formation in aortas and aortic roots compared with controls. Adamts7 knockout mice also showed reduced neointimal formation after femoral wire injury. Adamts7 expression was induced in response to injury and hyperlipidemia but was absent at later time points, and primary Adamts7 knockout vascular smooth muscle cells showed reduced migration in the setting of tumor necrosis factor-α stimulation. ADAMTS7 localized to cells positive for smooth muscle cell markers in human coronary artery disease lesions, and subcellular localization studies in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells placed ADAMTS7 at the cytoplasm and cell membrane, where it colocalized with markers of podosomes. CONCLUSIONS These data represent the first in vivo experimental validation of the association of Adamts7 with atherogenesis, likely through modulation of vascular cell migration and matrix in atherosclerotic lesions. These results demonstrate that Adamts7 is proatherogenic, lending directionality to the original genetic association and supporting the concept that pharmacological inhibition of ADAMTS7 should be atheroprotective in humans, making it an attractive target for novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Bauer
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Junichiro Tohyama
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jian Cui
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lan Cheng
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jifu Yang
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xuan Zhang
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kristy Ou
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Georgios K Paschos
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Philadelphia, PA
| | - X Long Zheng
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael S Parmacek
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Philadelphia, PA.,The Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA.,The Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA
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Honokiol inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated rat aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation via caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Inflammation 2014; 37:17-26. [PMID: 23933846 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9707-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of honokiol on proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs). We found that honokiol treatment showed potent inhibitory effects on TNF-α-induced RASMC proliferation, which were associated with G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and downregulation of cell cycle-related proteins, including cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 and CDK4. Furthermore, honokiol treatment led to the release of cytochrome c into cytosol and a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), as well as a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2 and an increase in the expression of Bax. Treatment with honokiol also reduced TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Taken together, our results suggest that honokiol suppresses TNF-α-stimulated RASMC proliferation via caspase- and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and highlight the therapeutic potential of honokiol in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Scott R, Panitch A. Decorin mimic regulates platelet-derived growth factor and interferon-γ stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2090-103. [PMID: 24806357 PMCID: PMC4052849 DOI: 10.1021/bm500224f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Following balloon injury, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) serve as targets for many of the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) released from activated inflammatory cells and platelets. Previously, our lab designed a mimic of the proteoglycan decorin, termed DS-SILY20, that suppressed vascular SMC proliferation, migration, and protein synthesis in vitro, and injured vessels treated with DS-SILY20 demonstrated reduced hyperplasia in vivo. Here we characterize the effects of DS-SILY20 on modulating PDGF and IFN-γ stimulation in both proliferative and quiescent human SMCs to further evaluate the potential impact of DS-SILY20-SMC interaction on restenosis. Nanomolar dissociation constants were observed between DS-SILY20 and both PDGF and IFN-γ. PDGF significantly increased migration, proliferation, and protein and cytokine expression, as well as increased ERK-1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in both quiescent and proliferative cultures. However, DS-SILY20 inhibited these increases, presumably through sequestration of the PDGF. Consistent with the complex responses seen with IFN-γ in SMC physiology in the literature, the response of SMC cultures to IFN-γ was variable and complex. However, where increased activity was seen with IFN-γ, DS-SILY20 attenuated this activity. Overall, the results suggest that DS-SILY20 would be an ideal alternative to traditional therapeutics used and may be an effective therapy for the prevention of intimal hyperplasia after balloon angioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca
A. Scott
- Weldon
School of Biomedical
Engineering Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Weldon
School of Biomedical
Engineering Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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35
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Long G, Lin B, Wang L, Wu L, Yin T, Yu D, Wang G. Sappan Lignum Extract Inhibits Restenosis in the Injured Artery through the Deactivation of Nuclear Factor-κB. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2014.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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36
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Dukkipati R, Molnar MZ, Park J, Jing J, Kovesdy CP, Kajani R, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Association of vascular access type with inflammatory marker levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Semin Dial 2013; 27:415-23. [PMID: 24118625 DOI: 10.1111/sdi.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aggressive NIH is a common histopathological lesion found at the sites of venous stenosis in arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and arteriovenous grafts (AVG). Inflammatory mediators have been proposed to play a pathogenic role in NIH, but there is paucity of data evaluating this hypothesis in clinical studies or in animal models. Serum levels of inflammatory mediators can potentially identify patients at high risk of AVF and AVG dysfunction. In a cross-sectional cohort study of 754 HD patients who were part of the NIED study cohort, we examined the associations between inflammatory markers including serum interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and type of vascular access. Unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted linear regression models were used. In addition, time-dependent regression model was used to assess the association between inflammatory markers and mortality. We observed that in the multivariate-adjusted model, inflammatory mediators interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1L-ß (IL-1ß), and C-reactive protein (CRP), the predicted value in hemodialysis patients, are lowest in patients with AVF and highest in central venous catheter (CVC) and AVG even in case-mix and malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome (MICS)-adjusted models. IL-6 and CRP levels fall consistently in the same patients when AVG or CVC is changed to AVF and increase if the same patient changes access from AVF to AVG or CVC. Obesity is a risk factor for fistula failure and fistulas are associated with the lowest mortality compared with CVC and AVG. We did not find any statistically significant association between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α) and vascular access outcomes. Higher levels of inflammatory mediators seen in CVC and AVG compared with AVF could potentially explain the higher mortality seen in patients with CVC and AVG compared with AVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanath Dukkipati
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance and Los Angeles, California; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Torrance and Los Angeles, California; Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California
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Viiri LE, Full LE, Navin TJ, Begum S, Didangelos A, Astola N, Berge RK, Seppälä I, Shalhoub J, Franklin IJ, Perretti M, Lehtimäki T, Davies AH, Wait R, Monaco C. Smooth muscle cells in human atherosclerosis: proteomic profiling reveals differences in expression of Annexin A1 and mitochondrial proteins in carotid disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 54:65-72. [PMID: 23154128 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMC) contribute to the development and stability of atherosclerotic lesions. The molecular mechanisms that mediate their properties are incompletely defined. We employed proteomics and in vitro functional assays to identify the unique characteristics of intimal SMC isolated from human carotid endarterectomy specimens and medial SMC from thoracic aortas and carotids. We verified our findings in the Tampere Vascular Study. Human atheroma-derived SMC exhibit decreased expression of mitochondrial proteins ATP Synthase subunit-beta and Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, and decreased mitochondrial activity when compared to control SMC. Moreover, a comparison between plaque-derived SMC isolated from patients with or without recent acute cerebrovascular symptoms uncovered an increase in Annexin A1, an endogenous anti-inflammatory protein, in the asymptomatic group. The deletion of Annexin A1 or the blockade of its signaling in SMC resulted in increased cytokine production at baseline and after stimulation with the pro-inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor α. In summary, our proteomics and biochemical analysis revealed mitochondrial damage in human plaque-derived SMC as well as a role of Annexin A1 in reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in SMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena E Viiri
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Kennedy Institute, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, 65 Aspenlea Road, W6 8LH London, United Kingdom
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38
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Aoki T, Kataoka H, Nishimura M, Ishibashi R, Morishita R, Miyamoto S. Regression of intracranial aneurysms by simultaneous inhibition of nuclear factor-κB and Ets with chimeric decoy oligodeoxynucleotide treatment. Neurosurgery 2012; 70:1534-43; discussion 1543. [PMID: 22186838 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0b013e318246a390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a high mortality and morbidity of subarachnoid hemorrhage due to an intracranial aneurysm (IA), there is no effective medical treatment to prevent the rupture of IAs. Recent studies have revealed the involvement of the transactivation of proinflammatory genes by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Ets-1 in the pathogenesis of IA formation and enlargement. OBJECTIVE To examine the regressive effect of chimeric decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), which simultaneously inhibit NF-κB and Ets-1, on IA development in the rat model. METHODS One month after IA induction, rats were treated with NF-κB decoy ODNs or chimeric decoy ODNs. Size, media thickness, macrophage infiltration, and collagen biosynthesis in IA walls were analyzed in both groups. RESULTS The treatment with chimeric decoy ODNs decreased IA size and thickened IA walls of preexisting IAs induced in the rat model, although the treatment with NF-κB decoy ODNs failed to regress preexisting IAs. Chimeric decoy ODN-treated rats exhibited decreased expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and macrophage infiltration in IA walls. In addition, decreased collagen biosynthesis in IA walls was ameliorated in the chimeric decoy ODN-treated group. CONCLUSION The results suggest the possibility of a minimally invasive molecular therapy targeting the inhibition of NF-κB and ets-1 for IAs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Aoki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan
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Melittin has an inhibitory effect on TNF-α-induced migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells by blocking the MMP-9 expression. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3996-4002. [PMID: 22926441 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) after an arterial injury. In this study, we investigated the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-atheroscleroic effects of melittin, a major component of bee venom, in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Melttin significantly suppressed MMP-9 and MMP-2 secretion, as well as TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression in the HASMCs. In addition, we found that the inhibitory effects of melittin on TNF-α-induced MMP-9 protein expression are associated with the inhibition of MMP-9 transcription levels. Mechanistically, Melittin suppressed TNF-α-induced MMP-9 activity by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2, but did not affect the phosphorylation of JNK and Akt. Reporter gene and western blotting assays showed that melittin inhibits MMP-9 transcriptional activity by blocking the activation of NF-κB via IκBα signaling pathway. Moreover, the matrigel migration assay showed that melittin reduced TNF-α-induced HASMC migration. These results suggest that melittin suppresses TNF-α-induced HASMC migration through the selective inhibition of MMP-9 expression and provide a novel role of melittin in the anti-atherosclerotic action.
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40
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Gupta GK, Agrawal T, Del Core MG, Hunter WJ, Agrawal DK. Decreased expression of vitamin D receptors in neointimal lesions following coronary artery angioplasty in atherosclerotic swine. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42789. [PMID: 22880111 PMCID: PMC3412822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, play a key role in the pathogenesis of occlusive vascular diseases. Activation of vitamin D receptors (VDR) elicits both growth-inhibitory and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the expression of TNF-α and VDR in post-angioplasty coronary artery neointimal lesions of hypercholesterolemic swine and examined the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the development of coronary restenosis. We also examined the effect of calcitriol on cell proliferation and effect of TNF-α on VDR activity and expression in porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells (PCASMCs) in-vitro. Methodology/Principal Findings Expression of VDR and TNF-α and the effect of vitamin D deficiency in post-angioplasty coronary arteries were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry. Cell proliferation was examined by thymidine and BrdU incorporation assays in cultured PCASMCs. Effect of TNF-α-stimulation on the activity and expression of VDR was analyzed by luciferase assay, immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry. In-vivo, morphometric analysis of the tissues revealed typical lesions with significant neointimal proliferation. Histological evaluation showed expression of smooth muscle α-actin and significantly increased expression of TNF-α in neointimal lesions. Interestingly, there was significantly decreased expression of VDR in PCASMCs of neointimal region compared to normal media. Indeed, post-balloon angioplasty restenosis was significantly higher in vitamin D-deficient hypercholesterolemic swine compared to vitamin D-sufficient group. In-vitro, calcitriol inhibited both serum- and PDGF-BB-induced proliferation in PCASMCs and TNF-α-stimulation significantly decreased the expression and activity of VDR in PCASMCs. Conclusions/Significance These data suggest that significant downregulation of VDR in proliferating smooth muscle cells in neointimal lesions could be due to atherogenic cytokines, including TNF-α. Vitamin D deficiency potentiates the development of coronary restenosis. Calcitriol has anti-proliferative properties in PCASMCs and these actions are mediated through VDR. This could be a potential mechanism for uncontrolled growth of neointimal cells in injured arteries leading to restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav K. Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Tanupriya Agrawal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Michael G. Del Core
- Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - William J. Hunter
- Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Devendra K. Agrawal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Pimaric acid from Aralia cordata has an inhibitory effect on TNF-α-induced MMP-9 production and HASMC migration via down-regulated NF-κB and AP-1. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 199:112-9. [PMID: 22705379 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have indicated that activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration are involved in neointimal formation and atherosclerosis. In this study, we revealed that pimaric acid (PiMA) purified from Aralia cordata had an inhibitory effect on MMP-9 production and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Down-regulated MMP-9 mRNA transcription was detected in PiMA-treated cells using RT-PCR and the luciferase-tagged MMP-9 promoter assay. Results of an electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that PiMA-treated HASMCs showed decreased binding activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein-1 transcription factors. A Western-blot analysis using nuclear extract demonstrated that PiMA reduced the levels of NF-κB p65, c-Fos, p-c-Jun, Jun-D, and p-ATF2 proteins in the nucleus. In addition, TNF-α stimulated mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) containing extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 and 2, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase was inhibited by PiMA. Using the Transwell system, we found that PiMA inhibited TNF-α stimulated HASMC migration/invasion in a dose-dependent manner. To confirm whether MAPK mediated MMP-9 expression, we used MAPK inhibitors including U0126, SB253580, and SP600125 and found that those inhibitors reduced MMP-9 expression and HASMC migration/invasion. These results suggest that PiMA has potent anti-atherosclerotic activity with inhibitory action on MMP-9 production and cell migration in TNF-α-induced HASMCs.
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Miao CY, Li ZY. The role of perivascular adipose tissue in vascular smooth muscle cell growth. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:643-58. [PMID: 21470202 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adipose tissue is the largest endocrine organ, producing various adipokines and many other substances. Almost all blood vessels are surrounded by perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which has not received research attention until recently. This review will discuss the paracrine actions of PVAT on the growth of underlying vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). PVAT can release growth factors and inhibitors. Visfatin is the first identified growth factor derived from PVAT. Decreased adiponectin and increased tumour necrosis factor-α in PVAT play a pathological role for neointimal hyperplasia after endovascular injury. PVAT-derived angiotensin II, angiotensin 1-7, reactive oxygen species, complement component 3, NO and H(2) S have a paracrine action on VSMC contraction, endothelial or fibroblast function; however, their paracrine actions on VSMC growth remain to be directly verified. Factors such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, leptin, resistin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1, adrenomedullin, free fatty acids, glucocorticoids and sex hormones can be released from adipose tissue and can regulate VSMC growth. Most of them have been verified for their secretion by PVAT; however, their paracrine functions are unknown. Obesity, vascular injury, aging and infection may affect PVAT, causing adipocyte abnormality and inflammatory cell infiltration, inducing imbalance of PVAT-derived growth factors and inhibitors, leading to VSMC growth and finally resulting in development of proliferative vascular disease, including atherosclerosis, restenosis and hypertension. In the future, using cell-specific gene interventions and local treatments may provide definitive evidence for identification of key factor(s) involved in PVAT dysfunction-induced vascular disease and thus may help to develop new therapies. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Fat and Vascular Responsiveness. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.165.issue-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Taube A, Schlich R, Sell H, Eckardt K, Eckel J. Inflammation and metabolic dysfunction: links to cardiovascular diseases. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 302:H2148-65. [PMID: 22447947 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00907.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and recent studies highlight a key role of adipose tissue dysfunction, inflammation, and aberrant adipokine release in this process. An increased demand for lipid storage results in both hyperplasia and hypertrophy, finally leading to chronic inflammation, hypoxia, and a phenotypic change of the cellular components of adipose tissue, collectively leading to a substantially altered secretory output of adipose tissue. In this review we have assessed the adipo-vascular axis, and an overview of adipokines associated with cardiovascular disease is provided. This resulted in a first list of more than 30 adipokines. A deeper analysis only considered adipokines that have been reported to impact on inflammation and NF-κB activation in the vasculature. Out of these, the most prominent link to cardiovascular disease was found for leptin, TNF-α, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, interleukins, and several novel adipokines such as lipocalin-2 and pigment epithelium-derived factor. Future work will need to address the potential role of these molecules as biomarkers and/or drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Taube
- Paul Langerhans Group, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Lee YJ, Yoon JJ, Lee SM, Kim JS, Kang DG, Lee HS. Inhibitory effect ofZanthoxylum schinifoliumon vascular smooth muscle proliferation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2012; 34:354-61. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2011.608070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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45
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Zhao H, Li M, Wang L, Su Y, Fang H, Lin J, Mohabeer N, Li D. Angiotensin II Induces TSLP via an AT1 Receptor/NF-KappaB Pathway, Promoting Th17 Differentiation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 30:1383-97. [DOI: 10.1159/000343327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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46
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Cyanidin-3-glucoside suppresses TNF-α-induced cell proliferation through the repression of Nox activator 1 in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells: involvement of the STAT3 signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 362:211-8. [PMID: 22120492 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a member of the anthocyanin family which belongs to the flavonoid class and possesses antiatherogenic properties. Many studies have demonstrated the protective effects of C3G on vascular endothelial cells and monocytes, however, the precise effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have been less thoroughly studied. Hence, we investigated the role of C3G in TNF-α-induced VSMCs proliferation and explored the possible mechanisms. TNF-α stimulated VSMCs proliferation, and pretreatment with C3G inhibited the proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manners. Then, we found that C3G attenuated TNF-α-induced ROS over generation by Dihydroethidium staining. The combination of 50 μM C3G and 100 μM apocynin significantly reduced ROS generation. Moreover, C3G pretreatment significantly suppressed the expression of Nox activator 1, a subunit of NADPH oxidase in mouse VSMCs. C3G also inhibited TNF-α-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) phosphorylation, and the inhibitory effect was more prominent in C3G and apocynin co-pretreated cells than that pretreated with C3G or apocynin alone. Administration of the ROS scavenger catalase (2,000 U/ml) remarkably inhibited TNF-α-induced cell proliferation and STAT3 activation. These data suggest that C3G exerts its antiproliferative effect on TNF-α-induced VSMCs proliferation through inhibiting STAT3 activation by attenuating NoxA1-derived ROS over production.
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van Strien ME, Brevé JJP, Fratantoni S, Schreurs MWJ, Bol JGJM, Jongenelen CAM, Drukarch B, van Dam AM. Astrocyte-derived tissue transglutaminase interacts with fibronectin: a role in astrocyte adhesion and migration? PLoS One 2011; 6:e25037. [PMID: 21949843 PMCID: PMC3174992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An important neuropathological feature of neuroinflammatory processes that occur during e.g. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the formation of an astroglial scar. Astroglial scar formation is facilitated by the interaction between astrocytes and extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) such as fibronectin. Since there is evidence indicating that glial scars strongly inhibit both axon growth and (re)myelination in brain lesions, it is important to understand the factors that contribute to the interaction between astrocytes and ECM proteins. Tissue Transglutaminase (TG2) is a multifunctional enzyme with an ubiquitous tissue distribution, being clearly present within the brain. It has been shown that inflammatory cytokines can enhance TG2 activity. In addition, TG2 can mediate cell adhesion and migration and it binds fibronectin with high affinity. We therefore hypothesized that TG2 is involved in astrocyte-fibronectin interactions. Our studies using primary rat astrocytes show that intracellular and cell surface expression and activity of TG2 is increased after treatment with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Astrocyte-derived TG2 interacts with fibronectin and is involved in astrocyte adhesion onto and migration across fibronectin. TG2 is involved in stimulating focal adhesion formation which is necessary for the interaction of astrocytes with ECM proteins. We conclude that astrocyte-derived TG2 contributes to the interaction between astrocytes and fibronectin. It might thereby regulate ECM remodeling and possibly glial scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E. van Strien
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John J. P. Brevé
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvina Fratantoni
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco W. J. Schreurs
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John G. J. M. Bol
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A. M. Jongenelen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Drukarch
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie van Dam
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Herbal formula HMC05 prevents human aortic smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation by inhibiting the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling cascade. J Nat Med 2011; 66:177-84. [PMID: 21833774 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
HMC05 is a formulation derived from eight medicinal herbs, and prevents neointima formation by inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway with induction of heat shock protein 27 expression. In this study, we investigated the influence of HMC05 regulation on the MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 signaling cascade in the inhibition of the migration and proliferation of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). The inhibitory effects of HMC05 (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α; 0 or 100 ng/ml)-induced HASMC migration and proliferation were investigated by wound migration and proliferation assays, Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. HMC05 completely inhibited TNF-α-induced HASMC migration and proliferation. HMC05 prevented TNF-α receptor 1-mediated phosphorylation of signal transduction molecules involved in MAPK signaling cascades such as MEK1/2, ERK1/2, Elk-1 transcription factor and p90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase, a modulator of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, was inhibited by HMCO5 treatment, as was TNF-α-induced mRNA expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. HMC05 disruption of the MEK/ERK/Elk-1 and p90RSK pathways prevents HASMC migration and proliferation.
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Inhibitory effects of OD 78 [3-(4-bromo-phenoxy)-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid-methyl ester] on the proliferation and migration of TNF-α-induced rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:1191-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0718-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Joviliano EE, Piccinato CE, Dellalibera-Joviliano R, Moriya T, Évora PR. Inflammatory Markers and Restenosis in Peripheral Percutaneous Angioplasty With Intravascular Stenting: Current Concepts. Ann Vasc Surg 2011; 25:846-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2011.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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