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Parnigoni A, Moretto P, Viola M, Karousou E, Passi A, Vigetti D. Effects of Hyaluronan on Breast Cancer Aggressiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3813. [PMID: 37568628 PMCID: PMC10417239 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer cells is critical for determining tumor aggressiveness and targeting therapies. The presence of such receptors allows for the use of antagonists that effectively reduce breast cancer growth and dissemination. However, the absence of such receptors in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) reduces the possibility of targeted therapy, making these tumors very aggressive with a poor outcome. Cancers are not solely composed of tumor cells, but also include several types of infiltrating cells, such as fibroblasts, macrophages, and other immune cells that have critical functions in regulating cancer cell behaviors. In addition to these cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM) has become an important player in many aspects of breast cancer biology, including cell growth, motility, metabolism, and chemoresistance. Hyaluronan (HA) is a key ECM component that promotes cell proliferation and migration in several malignancies. Notably, HA accumulation in the tumor stroma is a negative prognostic factor in breast cancer. HA metabolism depends on the fine balance between HA synthesis by HA synthases and degradation yielded by hyaluronidases. All the different cell types present in the tumor can release HA in the ECM, and in this review, we will describe the role of HA and HA metabolism in different breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (P.M.); (M.V.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
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Karousou E, Parnigoni A, Moretto P, Passi A, Viola M, Vigetti D. Hyaluronan in the Cancer Cells Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030798. [PMID: 36765756 PMCID: PMC9913668 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan in the extracellular matrix of tissues is the result of the cooperative synthesis of several resident cells, that is, macrophages and tumor and stromal cells. Any change in hyaluronan concentration or dimension leads to a modification in stiffness and cellular response through receptors on the plasma membrane. Hyaluronan has an effect on all cancer cell behaviors, such as evasion of apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and metastasis. It is noteworthy that hyaluronan metabolism can be dramatically altered by growth factors and matrikines during inflammation, as well as by the metabolic homeostasis of cells. The regulation of HA deposition and its dimensions are pivotal for tumor progression and cancer patient prognosis. Nevertheless, because of all the factors involved, modulating hyaluronan metabolism could be tough. Several commercial drugs have already been described as potential or effective modulators; however, deeper investigations are needed to study their possible side effects. Moreover, other matrix molecules could be identified and targeted as upstream regulators of synthetic or degrading enzymes. Finally, co-cultures of cancer, fibroblasts, and immune cells could reveal potential new targets among secreted factors.
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Parnigoni A, Moretto P, Rovera S, Viola M, Karousou E, Passi A, Vigetti D. Particle Exclusion Assay: A Tool for Measuring Hyaluronan Pericellular Matrix. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2619:53-60. [PMID: 36662461 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2946-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is the most abundant glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix, and its deposition is strictly related to changes in cellular behaviors, such as cell migration, proliferation, and adhesion. Pericellular HA is abundant in a variety of cell types, and its amount could reflect specific conditions, thus suggesting a particular cellular status.Particle exclusion assay is a useful tool to visualize pericellular matrices with a high HA content, simply employing microscope image analysis. This approach is quick and allows to visualize the presence of a clear pericellular region around single cells, where fixed red blood cells are excluded if the pericellular matrix has been deposited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Parnigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Simona Rovera
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
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Bosi A, Banfi D, Bistoletti M, Catizzone LM, Chiaravalli AM, Moretto P, Moro E, Karousou E, Viola M, Giron MC, Crema F, Rossetti C, Binelli G, Passi A, Vigetti D, Giaroni C, Baj A. Hyaluronan Regulates Neuronal and Immune Function in the Rat Small Intestine and Colonic Microbiota after Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2022; 11:3370. [PMID: 36359764 PMCID: PMC9657036 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (IRI) injury induces acute and long-lasting damage to the neuromuscular compartment and dysmotility. This study aims to evaluate the pathogenetic role of hyaluronan (HA), a glycosaminoglycan component of the extracellular matrix, as a modulator of the enteric neuronal and immune function and of the colonic microbiota during in vivo IRI in the rat small intestine. METHODS mesenteric ischemia was induced in anesthetized adult male rats for 60 min, followed by 24 h reperfusion. Injured, sham-operated and non-injured animals were treated with the HA synthesis inhibitor, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU 25 mg/kg). Fecal microbiota composition was evaluated by Next Generation Sequencing. Neutrophil infiltration, HA homeostasis and toll like receptor (TLR2 and TLR4) expression in the small intestine were evaluated by immunohistochemical and biomolecular approaches (qRT-PCR and Western blotting). Neuromuscular responses were studied in vitro, in the absence and presence of the selective TLR2/4 inhibitor, Sparstolonin B (SsnB 10, 30 µM). RESULTS 4-MU significantly reduced IRI-induced enhancement of potentially harmful Escherichia and Enterococcus bacteria. After IRI, HA levels, neutrophil infiltration, and TLR2 and TLR4 expression were significantly enhanced in the muscularis propria, and were significantly reduced to baseline levels by 4-MU. In the injured, but not in the non-injured and sham-operated groups, SsnB reduced both electrical field-stimulated (EFS, 0.1-40 Hz) contractions and EFS-induced (10 Hz) non-cholinergic non-adrenergic relaxations. CONCLUSIONS enhanced HA levels after intestinal IRI favors harmful bacteria overgrowth, increases neutrophil infiltration and promotes the upregulation of bacterial target receptors, TLR2 and TLR4, in the muscularis propria, inducing a pro-inflammatory state. TLR2 and TLR4 activation may, however, underlay a provisional benefit on excitatory and inhibitory neuronal pathways underlying peristalsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Bosi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Banfi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Michela Bistoletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Moro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Maria Cecilia Giron
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Crema
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Rossetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Giorgio Binelli
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Andreina Baj
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Parnigoni A, Caon I, Teo WX, Hua SH, Moretto P, Bartolini B, Viola M, Karousou E, Yip GW, Götte M, Heldin P, Passi A, Vigetti D. The natural antisense transcript HAS2-AS1 regulates breast cancer cells aggressiveness independently from hyaluronan metabolism. Matrix Biol 2022; 109:140-161. [PMID: 35395387 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix component playing a crucial role in the regulation of cell behaviors, including cancer. Aggressive breast cancer cells tend to proliferate, migrate and metastatize. Notably, triple-negative breast cancer cells lacking the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) as well as progesterone receptor and HER2 are more aggressive than ER-positive ones. As currently no targeted therapy is available for triple-negative breast cancer, the identification of novel therapeutic targets has a high clinical priority. In ER-negative cells, tumoral behavior can be reduced by inhibiting HA synthesis or silencing the enzymes involved in its metabolism, such as HA synthase 2 (HAS2). HAS2-AS1 is a long non-coding RNA belonging to the natural antisense transcript family which is known to favor HAS2 gene expression and HA synthesis, thus bolstering malignant progression in brain, ovary, and lung tumors. As the role of HAS2-AS1 has not yet been investigated in breast cancer, in this work we report that ER-positive breast cancers had lower HAS2-AS1 expression compared to ER-negative tumors. Moreover, the survival of patients with ER-negative tumors was higher when the expression of HAS2-AS1 was elevated. Experiments with ER-negative cell lines as MDA-MB-231 and Hs 578T revealed that the overexpression of either the full-length HAS2-AS1 or its exon 2 long or short isoforms alone, strongly reduced cell viability, migration, and invasion, whereas HAS2-AS1 silencing increased cell aggressiveness. Unexpectedly, in these ER-negative cell lines, HAS2-AS1 is involved neither in the regulation of HAS2 nor in HA deposition. Finally, transcriptome analysis revealed that HAS2-AS1 modulation affected several pathways, including apoptosis, proliferation, motility, adhesion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and signaling, describing this long non-coding RNA as an important regulator of breast cancer cells aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Parnigoni
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caon
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Wei Xuan Teo
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 4 Medical Drive, Block MD10, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - San Hue Hua
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 4 Medical Drive, Block MD10, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Paola Moretto
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Barbara Bartolini
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - George W Yip
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 4 Medical Drive, Block MD10, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Paraskevi Heldin
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alberto Passi
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy.
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Lokteff F, Canet R, Drissi S, Moretto P. Impacts au Rugby à XV : suivi longitudinal et distribution par postes en club Elite. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gallo D, Mortara L, Veronesi G, Cattaneo SAM, Genoni A, Gallazzi M, Peruzzo C, Lasalvia P, Moretto P, Bruno A, Passi A, Pini A, Nauti A, Lavizzari MA, Marinò M, Lanzolla G, Tanda ML, Bartalena L, Piantanida E. Add-On Effect of Selenium and Vitamin D Combined Supplementation in Early Control of Graves' Disease Hyperthyroidism During Methimazole Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:886451. [PMID: 35784564 PMCID: PMC9240752 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.886451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Prompt and stable control of hyperthyroidism is fundamental to avoid the detrimental effects of thyroid hormone excess, and antithyroid drugs, mainly methimazole (MMI), represent the first-line treatment for Graves' disease (GD) hyperthyroidism. Decreased serum concentrations of selenium (Se) and calcifediol (25(OH)D, VitD) have been reported in newly diagnosed GD patients in observational studies. Low Se levels might exacerbate oxidative stress by compromising the antioxidant machinery's response to reactive oxygen species, and low VitD levels might hamper the anti-inflammatory immune response. We performed a randomized controlled clinical trial (EudraCT 2017-00505011) to investigate whether Se and cholecalciferol (VitD) addition to MMI is associated with a prompter control of hyperthyroidism. Forty-two consecutive patients with newly-onset GD and marginal/insufficient Se and VitD levels were randomly assigned to treatment with either MMI monotherapy or MMI combined with Se and VitD. Se treatment was withdrawn after 180 days, while the other treatments were continued. Combination therapy resulted in a significantly greater reduction in serum FT4 concentration at 45 days (-37.9 pg/ml, CI 95%, -43.7 to -32.2 pg/ml) and 180 days (-36.5 pg/ml, CI 95%, -42 to -30.9 pg/ml) compared to MMI monotherapy (respectively: -25.7 pg/ml, CI 95%, -31.6 to -19.7 pg/ml and -22.9 pg/ml, CI 95%, -28 to -17.3 pg/ml, p 0.002). Data at 270 days confirmed this trend (-37.8 pg/ml, CI 95%, -43.6 to -32.1 pg/ml vs -24.4 pg/ml, CI 95%, -30.3 to -18.4 pg/ml). The quality of life (QoL) score was investigated by the validated "Thyroid-related Patient-Reported Outcome" questionnaire (ThyPRO). ThyPRO composite score showed a greater improvement in the intervention group at 45 days (-14.6, CI 95%, -18.8 to -10.4), 180 (-9, CI 95%, -13.9 to -4.2) and 270 days (-14.3, CI 95%, -19.5 to -9.1) compared to MMI group (respectively, -5.2, CI 95%, -9.5 to -1; -5.4, CI 95%, -10.6 to -0.2 and -3.5, CI 95%, -9 to -2.1, p 0-6 months and 6-9 months <0.05). Our results suggest that reaching optimal Se and VitD levels increases the early efficacy of MMI treatment when Se and VitD levels are suboptimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gallo
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
- *Correspondence: Eliana Piantanida, ; Daniela Gallo,
| | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni Veronesi
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Simona AM Cattaneo
- Immuno-hematology and Transfusion Medicine, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Angelo Genoni
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Matteo Gallazzi
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Carlo Peruzzo
- Occupational, Preventive and Toxicology Unit, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Paolo Lasalvia
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemical Analysis, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Andrea Pini
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemical Analysis, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Andrea Nauti
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemical Analysis, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Michele Marinò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Lanzolla
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Tanda
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Luigi Bartalena
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Eliana Piantanida
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
- *Correspondence: Eliana Piantanida, ; Daniela Gallo,
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Bosi A, Banfi D, Bistoletti M, Moretto P, Moro E, Crema F, Maggi F, Karousou E, Viola M, Passi A, Vigetti D, Giaroni C, Baj A. Hyaluronan: A Neuroimmune Modulator in the Microbiota-Gut Axis. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010126. [PMID: 35011688 PMCID: PMC8750446 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The commensal microbiota plays a fundamental role in maintaining host gut homeostasis by controlling several metabolic, neuronal and immune functions. Conversely, changes in the gut microenvironment may alter the saprophytic microbial community and function, hampering the positive relationship with the host. In this bidirectional interplay between the gut microbiota and the host, hyaluronan (HA), an unbranched glycosaminoglycan component of the extracellular matrix, has a multifaceted role. HA is fundamental for bacterial metabolism and influences bacterial adhesiveness to the mucosal layer and diffusion across the epithelial barrier. In the host, HA may be produced and distributed in different cellular components within the gut microenvironment, playing a role in the modulation of immune and neuronal responses. This review covers the more recent studies highlighting the relevance of HA as a putative modulator of the communication between luminal bacteria and the host gut neuro-immune axis both in health and disease conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease and ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Bosi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Davide Banfi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Michela Bistoletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Moro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Crema
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
- Centre of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0332-217412; Fax: +39-0332-217111
| | - Andreina Baj
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (M.B.); (P.M.); (F.M.); (E.K.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (D.V.); (A.B.)
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9
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Parnigoni A, Caon I, Moretto P, Viola M, Karousou E, Passi A, Vigetti D. The role of the multifaceted long non-coding RNAs: A nuclear-cytosolic interplay to regulate hyaluronan metabolism. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 11:100060. [PMID: 34435179 PMCID: PMC8377009 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the extracellular matrix (ECM), the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) hyaluronan (HA) has different physiological roles favouring hydration, elasticity and cell survival. Three different isoforms of HA synthases (HAS1, 2, and 3) are responsible for the production of HA. In several pathologies the upregulation of HAS enzymes leads to an abnormal HA accumulation causing cell dedifferentiation, proliferation and migration thus favouring cancer progression, fibrosis and vascular wall thickening. An intriguing new player in HAS2 gene expression regulation and HA production is the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) hyaluronan synthase 2 antisense 1 (HAS2-AS1). A significant part of mammalian genomes corresponds to genes that transcribe lncRNAs; they can regulate gene expression through several mechanisms, being involved not only in maintaining the normal homeostasis of cells and tissues, but also in the onset and progression of different diseases, as demonstrated by the increasing number of studies published through the last decades. HAS2-AS1 is no exception: it can be localized both in the nucleus and in the cytosol, regulating cancer cells as well as vascular smooth muscle cells behaviour. Hyaluronan is a component of the extracellular matrix and is synthetised by three isoenzymes named HAS1, 2, and 3. In several pathologies an upregulation of HAS2 leads to an abnormal accumulation of HA. The long non-coding RNA is a new specific epigenetic regulator of HAS2. In the nucleus HAS2-AS1 modulates chromatin structure around HAS2 promoter increasing transcription. In the cytosol, HAS2-AS1 can interact with several miRNAs altering the expression of several genes as well as can stabilise HAS2 mRNA forming RNA: RNA duplex.
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Key Words
- 4-MU, 4-methylubelliferone
- 4-MUG, 4-methylumbelliferyl glucuronide
- Atherosclerosis
- Cancer
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- Epigenetics
- Extracellular matrix
- GAG, glycosaminoglycans
- Glycosaminoglycans
- HA, hyaluronan
- HAS2
- HAS2, hyaluronan synthase 2
- HAS2-AS1
- HAS2–AS1, hyaluronan synthase 2 natural antisense 1
- HIFs, hypoxia-inducible factors
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κ–light-chain enhancer of activated B cell
- PG, proteoglycan
- PTM, post-translational modification
- Proteoglycans
- RBP, RNA-binding protein
- SIRT1, sirtuin 1
- SMCs, smooth muscle cells
- TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor alpha
- UDP-GlcNAc, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine
- UDP-GlcUA, UDP-glucuronic acid
- ceRNA, competitive endogenous RNA
- lncRNA, long non-coding RNA
- miRNA, micro-RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Parnigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
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10
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Caravà E, Moretto P, Caon I, Parnigoni A, Passi A, Karousou E, Vigetti D, Canino J, Canobbio I, Viola M. HA and HS Changes in Endothelial Inflammatory Activation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060809. [PMID: 34072476 PMCID: PMC8229641 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders caused by the presence of a combination of risk factors, such as tobacco use, unhealthy diet and obesity, physical inactivity, etc., which cause the modification of the composition of the vessel’s matrix and lead to the alteration of blood flow, matched with an inflammation condition. Nevertheless, it is not clear if the inflammation is a permissive condition or a consequent one. In order to investigate the effect of inflammation on the onset of vascular disease, we treated endothelial cells with the cytokine TNF-α that is increased in obese patients and is reported to induce cardiometabolic diseases. The inflammation induced a large change in the extracellular matrix, increasing the pericellular hyaluronan and altering the heparan sulfate Syndecans sets, which seems to be related to layer permeability but does not influence cell proliferation or migration nor induce blood cell recruitment or activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Caravà
- Quantix Italia S.r.l., 20121 Milano, Italy;
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (P.M.); (I.C.); (A.P.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (P.M.); (I.C.); (A.P.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (P.M.); (I.C.); (A.P.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Arianna Parnigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (P.M.); (I.C.); (A.P.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (P.M.); (I.C.); (A.P.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (P.M.); (I.C.); (A.P.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (P.M.); (I.C.); (A.P.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Jessica Canino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (J.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Ilaria Canobbio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (J.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (P.M.); (I.C.); (A.P.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0332-397143
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11
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Sghaier N, Fumery G, Fourcassie V, Moretto P. 3D distribution of the forces applied on a load transported by a dyad. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1816293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Sghaier
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Centre de Recherche sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA UMR CNRS-UPS 5169), Equipe: Collective Animal Behaviour (CAB), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - G. Fumery
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Centre de Recherche sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA UMR CNRS-UPS 5169), Equipe: Collective Animal Behaviour (CAB), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - V. Fourcassie
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Centre de Recherche sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA UMR CNRS-UPS 5169), Equipe: Collective Animal Behaviour (CAB), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - P. Moretto
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Centre de Recherche sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA UMR CNRS-UPS 5169), Equipe: Collective Animal Behaviour (CAB), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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12
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Bistoletti M, Bosi A, Caon I, Chiaravalli AM, Moretto P, Genoni A, Moro E, Karousou E, Viola M, Crema F, Baj A, Passi A, Vigetti D, Giaroni C. Involvement of hyaluronan in the adaptive changes of the rat small intestine neuromuscular function after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11521. [PMID: 32661417 PMCID: PMC7359366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has severe consequences on myenteric neurons, which can be irreversibly compromised resulting in slowing of transit and hindered food digestion. Myenteric neurons synthesize hyaluronan (HA) to form a well-structured perineuronal net, which undergoes derangement when myenteric ganglia homeostasis is perturbed, i.e. during inflammation. In this study we evaluated HA involvement in rat small intestine myenteric plexus after in vivo I/R injury induced by clamping a branch of the superior mesenteric artery for 60 min, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. In some experiments, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU, 25 mg/kg), a HA synthesis inhibitor, was intraperitoneally administered to normal (CTR), sham-operated (SH) and I/R animals for 24 h. In longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus (LMMP) whole-mount preparations, HA binding protein staining as well as HA levels were significantly higher in the I/R group, and were reduced after 4-MU treatment. HA synthase 1 and 2 (HAS1 and HAS2) labelled myenteric neurons and mRNA levels in LMMPs increased in the I/R group with respect to CTR, and were reduced by 4-MU. The efficiency of the gastrointestinal transit was significantly reduced in I/R and 4-MU-treated I/R groups with respect to CTR and SH groups. In the 4-MU-treated I/R group gastric emptying was reduced with respect to the CTR, SH and I/R groups. Carbachol (CCh) and electrical field (EFS, 0.1–40 Hz) stimulated contractions and EFS-induced (10 Hz) NANC relaxations were reduced in the I/R group with respect to both CTR and SH groups. After I/R, 4-MU treatment increased EFS contractions towards control values, but did not affect CCh-induced contractions. NANC on-relaxations after I/R were not influenced by 4-MU treatment. Main alterations in the neurochemical coding of both excitatory (tachykinergic) and inhibitory pathways (iNOS, VIPergic) were also observed after I/R, and were influenced by 4-MU administration. Overall, our data suggest that, after an intestinal I/R damage, changes of HA homeostasis in specific myenteric neuron populations may influence the efficiency of the gastrointestinal transit. We cannot exclude that modulation of HA synthesis in these conditions may ameliorate derangement of the enteric motor function preventing, at least in part, the development of dysmotility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bistoletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bosi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Chiaravalli
- Department of Pathology, ASST-Sette Laghi, Ospedale di Circolo Viale L. Borri 57, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Angelo Genoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Moro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesca Crema
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andreina Baj
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy.
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy.
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13
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Caon I, Bartolini B, Moretto P, Parnigoni A, Caravà E, Vitale DL, Alaniz L, Viola M, Karousou E, De Luca G, Hascall VC, Passi A, Vigetti D. Sirtuin 1 reduces hyaluronan synthase 2 expression by inhibiting nuclear translocation of NF-κB and expression of the long-noncoding RNA HAS2-AS1. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3485-3496. [PMID: 31932306 PMCID: PMC7076221 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is one of the most prevalent glycosaminoglycans of the vascular extracellular matrix (ECM). Abnormal HA accumulation within blood vessel walls is associated with tissue inflammation and is prominent in most vascular pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. Hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) is the main hyaluronan synthase enzyme involved in HA synthesis and uses cytosolic UDP-glucuronic acid and UDP-GlcNAc as substrates. The synthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid can alter the NAD+/NADH ratio via the enzyme UDP-glucose dehydrogenase, which oxidizes the alcohol group at C6 to the COO- group. Here, we show that HAS2 expression can be modulated by sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), the master metabolic sensor of the cell, belonging to the class of NAD+-dependent deacetylases. Our results revealed the following. 1) Treatments of human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) with SIRT1 activators (SRT1720 and resveratrol) inhibit both HAS2 expression and accumulation of pericellular HA coats. 2) Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) induced HA-mediated monocyte adhesion and AoSMC migration, whereas SIRT1 activation prevented immune cell recruitment and cell motility by reducing the expression levels of the receptor for HA-mediated motility, RHAMM, and the HA-binding protein TNF-stimulated gene 6 protein (TSG6). 3) SIRT1 activation prevented nuclear translocation of NF-κB (p65), which, in turn, reduced the levels of HAS2-AS1, a long-noncoding RNA that epigenetically controls HAS2 mRNA expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that both HAS2 expression and HA accumulation by AoSMCs are down-regulated by the metabolic sensor SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Barbara Bartolini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Arianna Parnigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Elena Caravà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Daiana L Vitale
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As., Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. (CIT NOBA UNNOBA-CONICET), B6000, Junín, Argentina
| | - Laura Alaniz
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As., Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. (CIT NOBA UNNOBA-CONICET), B6000, Junín, Argentina
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Giancarlo De Luca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Lerner Research Institute, ND20, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy.
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14
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Filpa V, Bistoletti M, Caon I, Moro E, Grimaldi A, Moretto P, Baj A, Giron MC, Karousou E, Viola M, Crema F, Frigo G, Passi A, Giaroni C, Vigetti D. Changes in hyaluronan deposition in the rat myenteric plexus after experimentally-induced colitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17644. [PMID: 29247178 PMCID: PMC5732300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myenteric plexus alterations hamper gastrointestinal motor function during intestinal inflammation. Hyaluronan (HA), an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan involved in inflammatory responses, may play a role in this process. In the colon of control rats, HA-binding protein (HABP), was detected in myenteric neuron soma, perineuronal space and ganglia surfaces. Prominent hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) staining was found in myenteric neuron cytoplasm, suggesting that myenteric neurons produce HA. In the myenteric plexus of rats with 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic (DNBS)-induced colitis HABP staining was altered in the perineuronal space, while both HABP staining and HA levels increased in the muscularis propria. HAS2 immunopositive myenteric neurons and HAS2 mRNA and protein levels also increased. Overall, these observations suggest that inflammation alters HA distribution and levels in the gut neuromuscular compartment. Such changes may contribute to alterations in the myenteric plexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Filpa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Michela Bistoletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Moro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Grimaldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Andreina Baj
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Maria Cecilia Giron
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesca Crema
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianmario Frigo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy.
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
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15
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Guasti L, Squizzato A, Moretto P, Vigetti D, Ageno W, Dentali F, Maresca AM, Campiotti L, Grandi AM, Passi A. In vitro effects of Apixaban on 5 different cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185035. [PMID: 29023465 PMCID: PMC5638249 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is associated with hypercoagulability. However, several data suggest that anticoagulant drugs may have an effect on tumor development and progression mediated by both coagulation dependent processes and non-coagulation dependent processes. Therefore, we investigated the in vitro effects of Apixaban on cell proliferation, mortality, cell migration, gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase in 5 different cancer cell lines. METHODS The following cancer cell lines, and 2 normal fibroblast cultures (lung and dermal fibroblasts), were studied: OVCAR3 (ovarian cancer), MDA MB 231 (breast cancer), CaCO-2 (colon cancer), LNCaP (prostate cancer) and U937 (histiocytic lymphoma). Proliferation and cell mortality were assessed in control cells and Apixaban treated cultures (dose from 0.1 to 5 μg/ml, 0 to 96-h). Necrosis/Apoptosis (fluorescence microscopy), cell migration (24-h after scratch test), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and mRNA expression (RT PCR) of p16, p21, p53 and HAS were also assessed. RESULTS High-dose (5 μg/ml) Apixaban incubation was associated with a significantly reduced proliferation in 3 cancer cell lines (OVCAR3, CaCO-2 and LNCaP) and with increased cancer cell mortality in all, except LNCaP, cancer lines. Apoptosis seems to account for the increased mortality. The migration capacity seems to be impaired after high-dose Apixaban incubation in OVCAR3 and CaCO-2 cells. Data on mRNA expression suggest a consistent increase in tumor suppression gene p16 in all cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that high-dose Apixaban may be able to interfere with cancer cell in vitro, reducing proliferation and increasing cancer cell mortality through apoptosis in several cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigina Guasti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- * E-mail: (AS); (LG)
| | - Alessandro Squizzato
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- * E-mail: (AS); (LG)
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Walter Ageno
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Dentali
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Andrea M. Maresca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Leonardo Campiotti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Anna M. Grandi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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16
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Azzi L, Moretto P, Vinci R, Croveri F, Boggio A, Silvestre-Rangil J, Tettamanti L, Tagliabue A, Passi A. Human β2-defensin in oral lichen planus expresses the degree of inflammation. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:77-87. [PMID: 28691457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Syndrome (BMS). Seventeen OLP patients, with a positive histopathologic diagnosis of the disease, were recruited into this study in order to measure the relative quantity of HBD-2 in their saliva and crevicular fluid. The values were compared with those collected from a group of 9 patients affected by the Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) and with a control group (CTRL) of 9 patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.523; p=0.897). However, patients affected by OLP showed a dycotomic distribution of values: while 10 of them showed similar values to those found out in the other two groups, 7 patients expressed high levels of HBD-2 and 3500 pg/ml was the threshold to distinguish the subgroups. During the dental visit the clinician classified OLP patients into two groups according to the clinical presentation of the disease: reticular and hyperplastic (white OLP), atrophic and erosive forms (red OLP). There was a statistical significant correlation between the clinical and numeric classification of the patients (p=0.004; p=0.001), and the expression of HBD-2 was higher in the red OLP group than in the white OLP group (p=0.000; p=0.000). In conclusion, this study shows that HBD-2 represents an index to assess active inflammation and it is probably linked to the presence of the typical band-like CD8+ infiltrate in Oral Lichen Planus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Azzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Dental Clinic, Unit of Oral Pathology, Varese, Italy
| | - P Moretto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, School of Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, Varese, Italy
| | - R Vinci
- Oral Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan Italy
| | - F Croveri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Dental Clinic, Unit of Oral Pathology, Varese, Italy
| | - A Boggio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Dental Clinic, Unit of Oral Pathology, Varese, Italy
| | - J Silvestre-Rangil
- Stomatology and Oral Surgery, Dr Peset University Hospital, Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - L Tettamanti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Dental Clinic, Unit of Oral Pathology, Varese, Italy
| | - A Tagliabue
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Dental Clinic, Unit of Oral Pathology, Varese, Italy
| | - A Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, School of Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, Varese, Italy
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17
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Viola M, Karousou E, D'Angelo ML, Moretto P, Caon I, Luca GD, Passi A, Vigetti D. Extracellular Matrix in Atherosclerosis: Hyaluronan and Proteoglycans Insights. Curr Med Chem 2017; 23:2958-2971. [PMID: 27281127 DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666160607104602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the blood vessel wall, is the most common cause of cardiovascular pathologies. Hyaluronan, the major polysaccharide involved in this process, plays a pivotal role acting as a modulator of all inflammatory stages, affecting the behavior of both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. OBJECTIVE The inflammatory condition is the main reason of the increased deposition of extracellular matrix, that in turn, traps lipoproteins and inflammatory/growth factors from the circulation within the vessel wall and thicken the arterial wall. Therefore, this chronic condition that continuously affects the arterial walls in a specific area causes a severe remodeling of the tissue architecture and a drastic change in the resident cell behavior. METHODS Because of the great complexity of the extracellular matrix in the arterial wall, we investigate the modification in the different layers of the vessels with a particular attention to hyaluronan and proteoglycans and to the events that affects their normal turnover. RESULTS Hyaluronan, the major polysaccharide involved in this process, plays a pivotal role acting as a modulator of all inflammatory stages, affecting the behavior of both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Moreover, glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans had been shown to change during the lesion progression, and to possess the chemical features essential for lipid retention, immune system activation, smooth cells proliferation and macrophages recruitment. CONCLUSION The ECM characteristics should be investigated in order to understand their prevention potentials as well as their negative impact on the onset of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Davide Vigetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy.
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Watier B, Villeger D, Costes A, Moretto P. A preliminary study suggests that walk-to-run transition is consistent with mechanical optimization. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015; 18 Suppl 1:2080-1. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1069633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Villeger
- University of Toulouse, Toulouse, PRISSMH, France
| | - A. Costes
- University of Toulouse, Toulouse, PRISSMH, France
| | - P. Moretto
- CNRS, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Toulouse, France
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Claverie L, Ille A, Moretto P. Validation of a method for dispatching discrete sensors on an insole for plantar pressure analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015; 18:1908-1909. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1069563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Claverie
- PRISSMH (UPS), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - A. Ille
- PRISSMH (UPS), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - P. Moretto
- CRCA (UPS-CNRS), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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20
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Carpanese E, Moretto P, Filpa V, Marchet S, Moro E, Crema F, Frigo G, Giaroni C. Correction: antagonism of ionotropic glutamate receptors attenuates chemical ischemia-induced injury in rat primary cultured myenteric Ganglia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126418. [PMID: 25876070 PMCID: PMC4395459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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21
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Moretto P, Karousou E, Viola M, Caon I, D'Angelo ML, De Luca G, Passi A, Vigetti D. Regulation of hyaluronan synthesis in vascular diseases and diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:167283. [PMID: 25834831 PMCID: PMC4365328 DOI: 10.1155/2015/167283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell microenvironment has a critical role determining cell fate and modulating cell responses to injuries. Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan that can be considered a signaling molecule. In fact, interacting with several cell surface receptors can deeply shape cell behavior. In vascular biology, HA triggers smooth muscle cells (SMCs) dedifferentiation which contributes to vessel wall thickening. Furthermore, HA is able to modulate inflammation by altering the adhesive properties of endothelial cells. In hyperglycemic conditions, HA accumulates in vessels and can contribute to the diabetic complications at micro- and macrovasculature. Due to the pivotal role in favoring atherogenesis and neointima formation after injuries, HA could be a new target for cardiovascular pathologies. This review will focus on the recent findings regarding the regulation of HA synthesis in human vascular SMCs. In particular, the effects of the intracellular HA substrates availability, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and protein O-GlcNAcylation on the main HA synthetic enzyme (i.e., HAS2) will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Moretto
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caon
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Giancarlo De Luca
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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22
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Carpanese E, Moretto P, Filpa V, Marchet S, Moro E, Crema F, Frigo G, Giaroni C. Antagonism of ionotropic glutamate receptors attenuates chemical ischemia-induced injury in rat primary cultured myenteric ganglia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113613. [PMID: 25419700 PMCID: PMC4242681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations of the enteric glutamatergic transmission may underlay changes in the function of myenteric neurons following intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) contributing to impairment of gastrointestinal motility occurring in these pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether glutamate receptors of the NMDA and AMPA/kainate type are involved in myenteric neuron cell damage induced by I/R. Primary cultured rat myenteric ganglia were exposed to sodium azide and glucose deprivation (in vitro chemical ischemia). After 6 days of culture, immunoreactivity for NMDA, AMPA and kainate receptors subunits, GluN1 and GluA1–4, GluK1–3 respectively, was found in myenteric neurons. In myenteric cultured ganglia, in normal metabolic conditions, -AP5, an NMDA antagonist, decreased myenteric neuron number and viability, determined by calcein AM/ethidium homodimer-1 assay, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, measured with hydroxyphenyl fluorescein. CNQX, an AMPA/kainate antagonist exerted an opposite action on the same parameters. The total number and viability of myenteric neurons significantly decreased after I/R. In these conditions, the number of neurons staining for GluN1 and GluA1–4 subunits remained unchanged, while, the number of GluK1–3-immunopositive neurons increased. After I/R, -AP5 and CNQX, concentration-dependently increased myenteric neuron number and significantly increased the number of living neurons. Both -AP5 and CNQX (100–500 µM) decreased I/R-induced increase of ROS levels in myenteric ganglia. On the whole, the present data provide evidence that, under normal metabolic conditions, the enteric glutamatergic system exerts a dualistic effect on cultured myenteric ganglia, either by improving or reducing neuron survival via NMDA or AMPA/kainate receptor activation, respectively. However, blockade of both receptor pathways may exert a protective role on myenteric neurons following and I/R damage. The neuroprotective effect may depend, at least in part, on the ability of both receptors to increase intraneuronal ROS production.
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MESH Headings
- 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/pharmacology
- 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cell Count
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology
- Ganglia/blood supply
- Ganglia/cytology
- Ganglia/metabolism
- Glucose/metabolism
- Immunohistochemistry
- Ischemia/chemically induced
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Male
- Myenteric Plexus/blood supply
- Myenteric Plexus/metabolism
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Rats
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, AMPA/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, AMPA/metabolism
- Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate/metabolism
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/metabolism
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology
- Sodium Azide/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Carpanese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Viviana Filpa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchet
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Moro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Crema
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianmario Frigo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- * E-mail:
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23
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Vigetti D, Deleonibus S, Moretto P, Bowen T, Fischer JW, Grandoch M, Oberhuber A, Love DC, Hanover JA, Cinquetti R, Karousou E, Viola M, D'Angelo ML, Hascall VC, De Luca G, Passi A. Natural antisense transcript for hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2-AS1) induces transcription of HAS2 via protein O-GlcNAcylation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:28816-26. [PMID: 25183006 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.597401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the microenvironment organization within vascular walls are critical events in the pathogenesis of vascular pathologies, including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Hyaluronan (HA) accumulation into artery walls supports vessel thickening and is involved in many cardiocirculatory diseases. Excessive cytosolic glucose can enter the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, increase UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) availability, and lead to modification of cytosolic proteins via O-linked attachment of the monosaccharide β-N-GlcNAc (O-GlcNAcylation) from UDP-GlcNAc by the enzyme O-GlcNAc transferase. As many cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins can be glycosylated by O-GlcNAc, we studied whether the expression of the HA synthases that synthesize HA could be controlled by O-GlcNAcylation in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Among the three HAS isoenzymes, only HAS2 mRNA increased after O-GlcNAcylation induced by glucosamine treatments or by inhibiting O-GlcNAc transferase with PUGNAC (O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosylidene)amino-N-phenylcarbamate). We found that the natural antisense transcript of HAS2 (HAS2-AS1) was absolutely necessary to induce the transcription of the HAS2 gene. Moreover, we found that O-GlcNAcylation modulated HAS2-AS1 promoter activation by recruiting the NF-κB subunit p65, but not the HAS2 promoter, whereas HAS2-AS1 natural antisense transcript, working in cis, regulated HAS2 transcription by altering the chromatin structure around the HAS2 proximal promoter via O-GlcNAcylation and acetylation. These results indicate that HAS2 transcription can be finely regulated not only by recruiting transcription factors to the promoter as previously described but also by modulating chromatin accessibility by epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Vigetti
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Sara Deleonibus
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Timothy Bowen
- Department of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Oberhuber
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dona C Love
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - John A Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Raffaella Cinquetti
- Dipertimento di Biotecnologia e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy, and
| | - Eugenia Karousou
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Biomedical Engineering ND20, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Giancarlo De Luca
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy,
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24
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Bar J, Gorn-Hondermann I, Moretto P, Niknejad N, Stewart D, Goss G, Dimitroulakos J. Mir Profiling Identifies Cdk6 Down-Regulation As a Potential Mechanism of Acquired Cisplatin Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu325.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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25
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Ihaddadene R, Yokom DW, Le Gal G, Moretto P, Canil CM, Delluc A, Reaume N, Carrier M. The risk of venous thromboembolism in renal cell carcinoma patients with residual tumor thrombus. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:855-9. [PMID: 24702743 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical importance of tumor thrombus in patients with renal cell carcinoma is unknown. We sought to determine the long-term risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with residual tumor thrombus postextraction, and to evaluate the impact of residual tumor thrombus on overall survival. PATIENTS/METHODS A cohort study of patients with stage III-IV renal cell carcinoma undergoing nephrectomy was undertaken. The primary endpoint was the risk of VTE during a 2-year follow-up period. The secondary endpoint was 2-year overall survival. RESULTS A total of 170 surgical renal cell carcinoma patients were included, 97 (57.1%) of whom had tumor thrombus. Patients with residual tumor thrombus following surgery had a higher risk of developing VTE than those with complete tumor thrombus resection (hazard ratio [HR] 8.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-43.4) and no tumor thrombus (HR 6.5, 95% CI 1.7-24.7). Patient with residual tumor thrombus did not have worse overall survival than those with tumor thrombus completely resected or those without tumor thrombus. CONCLUSIONS The presence of residual tumor thrombus is an important risk factor for VTE among renal cell carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ihaddadene
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Yokom DW, Ihaddadene R, Moretto P, Canil CM, Reaume N, Le Gal G, Carrier M. Increased risk of preoperative venous thromboembolism in patients with renal cell carcinoma and tumor thrombus. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:169-71. [PMID: 24283651 PMCID: PMC4238732 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical impact of a tumor thrombus in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients awaiting radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in RCC patients with tumor thrombus prior to nephrectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all late-stage (stage 3-4 excluding T1-2 N0M0) RCC patients who underwent radical nephrectomy at our institution between 1 January 2005 and 1 July 2012. Tumor thrombus was defined as the presence of an intraluminal filling defect in the renal vein, hepatic vein, portal vein, or inferior vena cava, directly extending from a renal mass detected on computed tomography. RESULTS A total of 176 patients were included in the study. Fifty-three (30.1%) patients had tumor thrombus diagnosed on imaging Three patients with tumor thrombus (5.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-16.8) developed a VTE while awaiting radical nephrectomy, whereas none (0%; 95% CI 0-2.9) of the patients without a tumor thrombus had an event (P = 0.026). All three events were deep vein thrombosis. Times from tumor thrombus diagnosis to VTE were 5, 15 and 21 days. CONCLUSIONS Tumor thrombus on imaging is a frequent finding among RCC patients awaiting nephrectomy. The presence of tumor thrombus in these patients increases the incidence of preoperative VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Yokom
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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27
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Kuchuk I, Hutton B, Moretto P, Ng T, Addison CL, Clemons M. Incidence, consequences and treatment of bone metastases in breast cancer patients-Experience from a single cancer centre. J Bone Oncol 2013; 2:137-44. [PMID: 26909284 PMCID: PMC4723382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a paucity of literature about the benefits of bone-targeted agents for breast cancer patients with bone metastases treated in the non-trial setting. We explored the incidence, consequences, and treatment of bone metastases at a single cancer centre. Methods Electronic records of metastatic breast cancer patients were reviewed and pertinent information was extracted. Results Of 264 metastatic breast cancer patients, 195 (73%) developed bone metastases. Of these patients, 176 were eligible for analysis. Median age at bone metastases diagnosis was 56.9 years (IQR 48–67) and initial presentation of bone metastases included asymptomatic radiological findings (58%), bone pain (40%), or a SRE (12.5%). Most patients (88%) received a bone-targeted agent, starting a median of 1.5 months (IQR 0.8–3.30) after bone metastasis diagnosis. 62% of patients had ≥1 SRE. The median time from bone metastasis diagnosis to first SRE was 1.8 months (IQR 0.20–8.43 months). Median number of SREs per patient was 1.5 (IQR 0–3). Overall, 26.8% of all SREs were clinically asymptomatic. Within the entire cohort, 51% required opioids and 20% were hospitalized due to either an SRE or bone pain. Conclusions Despite extensive use of bone-targeted agents, the incidence of SREs remains high. Nearly half of SREs occur prior to starting a bone-targeted agent. Use of opioids and hospitalizations secondary to bone metastases remain common. More effective treatment options are clearly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kuchuk
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre & Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - B Hutton
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa University, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Ottawa, Canada
| | - P Moretto
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre & Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - T Ng
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - C L Addison
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Clemons
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre & Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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28
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Viola M, Bartolini B, Vigetti D, Karousou E, Moretto P, Deleonibus S, Sawamura T, Wight TN, Hascall VC, De Luca G, Passi A. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) affects hyaluronan synthesis in human aortic smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:29595-603. [PMID: 23979132 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.508341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Thickening of the vessel in response to high low density lipoprotein(s) (LDL) levels is a hallmark of atherosclerosis, characterized by increased hyaluronan (HA) deposition in the neointima. Human native LDL trapped within the arterial wall undergoes modifications such as oxidation (oxLDL). The aim of our study is to elucidate the link between internalization of oxLDL and HA production in vitro, using human aortic smooth muscle cells. LDL were used at an effective protein concentration of 20-50 μg/ml, which allowed 80% cell viability. HA content in the medium of untreated cells was 28.9 ± 3.7 nmol HA-disaccharide/cell and increased after oxLDL treatment to 53.9 ± 5.6. OxLDL treatments doubled the transcripts of HA synthase HAS2 and HAS3. Accumulated HA stimulated migration of aortic smooth muscle cells and monocyte adhesiveness to extracellular matrix. The effects induced by oxLDL were inhibited by blocking LOX-1 scavenger receptor with a specific antibody (10 μg/ml). The cholesterol moiety of LDL has an important role in HA accumulation because cholesterol-free oxLDL failed to induce HA synthesis. Nevertheless, cholesterol-free oxLDL and unmodified cholesterol (20 μg/ml) induce only HAS3 transcription, whereas 22,oxysterol affects both HAS2 and HAS3. Moreover, HA deposition was associated with higher expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (CHOP and GRP78). Our data suggest that HA synthesis can be induced in response to specific oxidized sterol-related species delivered through oxLDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Viola
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
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29
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Moretto P, Nair V, Hallani SE, Malone S, Belanger E, Morash C, Canil C. Management of penoscrotal extramammary Paget disease: case series and review of the literature. Curr Oncol 2013; 20:e311-20. [PMID: 23904770 PMCID: PMC3728060 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extramammary Paget disease (empd) is a rare, slow-growing neoplasm, considered to be an adenocarcinoma of the apocrine glands. In men, the penoscrotal region is the most commonly affected area. The disease can present as carcinoma in situ or as invasive disease that can subsequently metastasize to lymph nodes and distant sites. Because of the rarity of empd, the medical literature available to guide management of the disease is limited, particularly in patients with metastases. In addition, metastatic disease may pose a diagnostic challenge, because invasive cancer of the genitourinary or gastrointestinal tract can occur in association with empd. In the present case series, we describe our experience in treating penoscrotal empd with multimodality therapy, and we review the existing literature concerning its diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Moretto
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - V.J. Nair
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - S. El Hallani
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - S. Malone
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - E. Belanger
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - C. Morash
- Division of Urology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - C.M. Canil
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
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30
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Karousou E, Stachtea X, Moretto P, Viola M, Vigetti D, D'Angelo ML, Raio L, Ghezzi F, Pallotti F, De Luca G, Karamanos NK, Passi A. New insights into the pathobiology of Down syndrome - hyaluronan synthase-2 overexpression is regulated by collagen VIα2 chain. FEBS J 2013; 280:2418-30. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Karousou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
| | - Xanthi Stachtea
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Patras; Greece
| | - Paola Moretto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
| | - Luigi Raio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Berne; Switzerland
| | - Fabio Ghezzi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
| | - Francesco Pallotti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
| | - Giancarlo De Luca
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Patras; Greece
| | - Alberto Passi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Insubria; Varese; Italy
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Villeger D, Delattre N, Watier B, Moretto P. Froude and Strouhal dimensionless numbers to study human gait: an experimental approach. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2012; 15 Suppl 1:189-90. [PMID: 23009474 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2012.713726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Villeger
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, EA 4561 PRISSMH, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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Marchisone J, Teyssedre F, Moretto P, Codina G, De Teyssiere T, Gasq D, De Boissezon X, Labrunee M. Place d’un programme d’éducation thérapeutique dans la prévention des chutes après pathologie neurologique. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2012.07.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Marchisone J, Teyssedre F, Moretto P, Codina G, De Teyssiere T, Gasq D, De Boissezon X, Labrunee M. Role of a therapeutic education program in preventing falls after neurological disease. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2012.07.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vigetti D, Deleonibus S, Moretto P, Karousou E, Viola M, Bartolini B, Hascall VC, Tammi M, De Luca G, Passi A. Role of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and O-GlcNAcylation of hyaluronan synthase 2 in the control of chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronan synthesis. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:35544-35555. [PMID: 22887999 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.402347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan present in most tissue microenvironments that can modulate many cell behaviors, including proliferation, migration, and adhesive proprieties. In contrast with other glycosaminoglycans, which are synthesized in the Golgi, HA is synthesized at the plasma membrane by one or more of the three HA synthases (HAS1-3), which use cytoplasmic UDP-glucuronic acid and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as substrates. Previous studies revealed the importance of UDP-sugars for regulating HA synthesis. Therefore, we analyzed the effect of UDP-GlcNAc availability and protein glycosylation with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) on HA and chondroitin sulfate synthesis in primary human aortic smooth muscle cells. Glucosamine treatment, which increases UDP-GlcNAc availability and protein O-GlcNAcylation, increased synthesis of both HA and chondroitin sulfate. However, increasing O-GlcNAcylation by stimulation with O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosylidene)amino-N-phenylcarbamate without a concomitant increase of UDP-GlcNAc increased only HA synthesis. We found that HAS2, the main synthase in aortic smooth muscle cells, can be O-GlcNAcylated on serine 221, which strongly increased its activity and its stability (t(½) >5 h versus ∼17 min without O-GlcNAcylation). S221A mutation prevented HAS2 O-GlcNAcylation, which maintained the rapid turnover rate even in the presence of GlcN and increased UDP-GlcNAc. These findings could explain the elevated matrix HA observed in diabetic vessels that, in turn, could mediate cell dedifferentiation processes critical in vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Vigetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Sara Deleonibus
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Eugenia Karousou
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Barbara Bartolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Biomedical Engineering ND20, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Markku Tammi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Giancarlo De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy.
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Vigetti D, Rizzi M, Moretto P, Deleonibus S, Dreyfuss JM, Karousou E, Viola M, Clerici M, Hascall VC, Ramoni MF, De Luca G, Passi A. Glycosaminoglycans and glucose prevent apoptosis in 4-methylumbelliferone-treated human aortic smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:34497-503. [PMID: 21768115 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.266312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) have a pivotal role in cardiovascular diseases and are responsible for hyaluronan (HA) deposition in thickening vessel walls. HA regulates SMC proliferation, migration, and inflammation, which accelerates neointima formation. We used the HA synthesis inhibitor 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) to reduce HA production in human aortic SMCs and found a significant increase of apoptotic cells. Interestingly, the exogenous addition of HA together with 4-MU reduced apoptosis. A similar anti-apoptotic effect was observed also by adding other glycosaminoglycans and glucose to 4-MU-treated cells. Furthermore, the anti-apoptotic effect of HA was mediated by Toll-like receptor 4, CD44, and PI3K but not by ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Vigetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via JH Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Baqué M, Le Postollec A, Ravelet C, Peyrin E, Coussot G, Desvignes I, Incerti S, Moretto P, Dobrijevic M, Vandenabeele-Trambouze O. Investigation of low-energy proton effects on aptamer performance for astrobiological applications. Astrobiology 2011; 11:207-211. [PMID: 21434764 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2010.0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Biochips are promising instruments for the search for organic molecules in planetary environments. Nucleic acid aptamers are powerful affinity receptors known for their high affinity and specificity, and therefore are of great interest for space biochip development. A wide variety of aptamers have already been selected toward targets of astrobiological interest (from amino acids to microorganisms). We present a first study to test the resistance of these receptors to the constraints of the space environment. The emphasis is on the effect of cosmic rays on the molecular recognition properties of DNA aptamers. Experiments on beam-line facilities have been conducted with 2 MeV protons and fluences much higher than expected for a typical mission to Mars. Our results show that this irradiation process did not affect the performances of DNA aptamers as molecular recognition tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baqué
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron-IBMM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche, France
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passi A, Vigetti D, Deleonibus S, Moretto P, Viola M, Karousou E, De Luca G. Hyaluronan synthesis is controlled through protein O‐GlcNAcylation in vascular smooth muscle cells. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.lb124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vigetti D, Clerici M, Deleonibus S, Karousou E, Viola M, Moretto P, Heldin P, Hascall VC, De Luca G, Passi A. Hyaluronan synthesis is inhibited by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase through the regulation of HAS2 activity in human aortic smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:7917-7924. [PMID: 21228273 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.193656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan (GAG) involved in cell motility, proliferation, tissue remodeling, development, differentiation, inflammation, tumor progression, and invasion and controls vessel thickening in cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the control of HA synthesis could permit the fine-tuning of cell behavior, but the mechanisms that regulate HA synthesis are largely unknown. Recent studies suggest that the availability of the nucleotide-sugar precursors has a critical role. Because the formation of UDP-sugars is a highly energetically demanding process, we have analyzed whether the energy status of the cell could control GAG production. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the main ATP/AMP sensor of mammalian cells, and we mimicked an energy stress by treating human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) with the AMPK activators 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside and metformin. Under these conditions, HA synthesis, but not that of the other GAGs, was greatly reduced. We confirmed the inhibitory effect of AMPK using a specific inhibitor and knock-out cell lines. We found that AMPK phosphorylated Thr-110 of human HAS2, which inhibits its enzymatic activity. In contrast, the other two HAS isoenzymes (HAS1 and HAS3) were not modified by the kinase. The reduction of HA decreased the ability of AoSMCs to proliferate, migrate, and recruit immune cells, thereby reducing the pro-atherosclerotic AoSMC phenotype. Interestingly, such effects were not recovered by treatment with exogenous HA, suggesting that AMPK can block the pro-atherosclerotic signals driven by HA by interaction with its receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Vigetti
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Moira Clerici
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Sara Deleonibus
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Moretto
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Paraskevi Heldin
- the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University Biomedical Center, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden, and
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- the Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Giancarlo De Luca
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy,.
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Incerti S, Ivanchenko A, Karamitros M, Mantero A, Moretto P, Tran HN, Mascialino B, Champion C, Ivanchenko VN, Bernal MA, Francis Z, Villagrasa C, Baldacchin G, Guèye P, Capra R, Nieminen P, Zacharatou C. Comparison of GEANT4 very low energy cross section models with experimental data in water. Med Phys 2010; 37:4692-708. [PMID: 20964188 DOI: 10.1118/1.3476457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The GEANT4 general-purpose Monte Carlo simulation toolkit is able to simulate physical interaction processes of electrons, hydrogen and helium atoms with charge states (H0, H+) and (He0, He+, He2+), respectively, in liquid water, the main component of biological systems, down to the electron volt regime and the submicrometer scale, providing GEANT4 users with the so-called "GEANT4-DNA" physics models suitable for microdosimetry simulation applications. The corresponding software has been recently re-engineered in order to provide GEANT4 users with a coherent and unique approach to the simulation of electromagnetic interactions within the GEANT4 toolkit framework (since GEANT4 version 9.3 beta). This work presents a quantitative comparison of these physics models with a collection of experimental data in water collected from the literature. METHODS An evaluation of the closeness between the total and differential cross section models available in the GEANT4 toolkit for microdosimetry and experimental reference data is performed using a dedicated statistical toolkit that includes the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test. The authors used experimental data acquired in water vapor as direct measurements in the liquid phase are not yet available in the literature. Comparisons with several recommendations are also presented. RESULTS The authors have assessed the compatibility of experimental data with GEANT4 microdosimetry models by means of quantitative methods. The results show that microdosimetric measurements in liquid water are necessary to assess quantitatively the validity of the software implementation for the liquid water phase. Nevertheless, a comparison with existing experimental data in water vapor provides a qualitative appreciation of the plausibility of the simulation models. The existing reference data themselves should undergo a critical interpretation and selection, as some of the series exhibit significant deviations from each other. CONCLUSIONS The GEANT4-DNA physics models available in the GEANT4 toolkit have been compared in this article to available experimental data in the water vapor phase as well as to several published recommendations on the mass stopping power. These models represent a first step in the extension of the GEANT4 Monte Carlo toolkit to the simulation of biological effects of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Incerti
- Université Bordeaux 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan, CENBG, Chemin du Solarium, BP 120, 33175 Gradignan, France.
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Vigetti D, Genasetti A, Karousou E, Viola M, Moretto P, Clerici M, Deleonibus S, De Luca G, Hascall VC, Passi A. Proinflammatory cytokines induce hyaluronan synthesis and monocyte adhesion in human endothelial cells through hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) and the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:24639-45. [PMID: 20522558 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.134536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is now accepted to have a critical role in the onset of several diseases as well as in vascular pathology, where macrophage transformation into foam cells contributes in atherosclerotic plaque formation. Endothelial cells (EC) have a critical function in recruitment of immune cells, and proinflammatory cytokines drive the specific expression of several adhesion proteins. During inflammatory responses several cells produce hyaluronan matrices that promote monocyte/macrophage adhesion through interactions with the hyaluronan receptor CD44 present on inflammatory cell surfaces. In this study, we used human umbilical chord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a model to study the mechanism that regulates hyaluronan synthesis after treatment with proinflammatory cytokines. We found that interleukin 1beta and tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta, but not transforming growth factors alpha and beta, strongly induced HA synthesis by NF-kappaB pathway. This signaling pathway mediated hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) mRNA expression without altering other glycosaminoglycan metabolism. Moreover, we verified that U937 monocyte adhesion on stimulated HUVECs depends strongly on hyaluronan, and transfection with short interference RNA of HAS2 abrogates hyaluronan synthesis revealing the critical role of HAS2 in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Vigetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via JH Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Vigetti D, Genasetti A, Karousou E, Viola M, Clerici M, Bartolini B, Moretto P, De Luca G, Hascall VC, Passi A. Modulation of hyaluronan synthase activity in cellular membrane fractions. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:30684-94. [PMID: 19737932 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.040386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA), the only non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan, is involved in morphogenesis, wound healing, inflammation, angiogenesis, and cancer. In mammals, HA is synthesized by three homologous HA synthases, HAS1, HAS2, and HAS3, that polymerize the HA chain using UDP-glucuronic acid and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as precursors. Since the amount of HA is critical in several pathophysiological conditions, we developed a non-radioactive assay for measuring the activity of HA synthases (HASs) in eukaryotic cells and addressed the question of HAS activity during intracellular protein trafficking. We prepared three cellular fractions: plasma membrane, cytosol (containing membrane proteins mainly from the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi), and nuclei. After incubation with UDP-sugar precursors, newly synthesized HA was quantified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of fluorophore-labeled saccharides and high performance liquid chromatography. This new method measured HAS activity not only in the plasma membrane fraction but also in the cytosolic membranes. This new technique was used to evaluate the effects of 4-methylumbeliferone, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, interleukin 1beta, platelet-derived growth factor BB, and tunicamycin on HAS activities. We found that HAS activity can be modulated by post-translational modification, such as phosphorylation and N-glycosylation. Interestingly, we detected a significant increase in HAS activity in the cytosolic membrane fraction after tunicamycin treatment. Since this compound is known to induce HA cable structures, this result links HAS activity alteration with the capability of the cell to promote HA cable formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Vigetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Le Postollec A, Coussot G, Baqué M, Incerti S, Desvignes I, Moretto P, Dobrijevic M, Vandenabeele-Trambouze O. Investigation of neutron radiation effects on polyclonal antibodies (IgG) and fluorescein dye for astrobiological applications. Astrobiology 2009; 9:637-645. [PMID: 19778275 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2008.0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Detecting life in the Solar System is one of the great challenges of new upcoming space missions. Biochips have been proposed as a way to detect organic matter on extraterrestrial objects. A biochip is a miniaturized device composed of biologically sensitive systems, such as antibodies, which are immobilized on a slide. In the case of in situ measurements, the main concern is to ensure the survival of the antibodies under space radiation. Our recent computing simulation of cosmic ray interactions with the martian environment shows that neutrons are one of the dominant species at soil level. Therefore, we have chosen, in a first approach, to study antibody resistance to neutrons by performing irradiation experiments at the Applications Interdisciplinaires des Faisceaux d'Ions en Région Aquitaine (AIFIRA) platform, a French ion beam facility at the Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan in Bordeaux. Antibodies and fluorescent dyes, freeze-dried and in buffer solution, were irradiated with 0.6 MeV and 6 MeV neutrons. Sample analyses demonstrated that, in the conditions tested, antibody recognition capability and fluorescence dye intensity are not affected by the neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Le Postollec
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux (LAB), Bordeaux, France.
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Descatoire A, Femery V, Potdevin F, Moretto P. Step-to-step reproducibility and asymmetry to study gait auto-optimization in healthy and cerebral palsied subjects. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2009; 52:319-29. [PMID: 19874738 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to compare plantar pressure asymmetry and step-to-step reproducibility in both able-bodied persons and two groups of hemiplegics. The relevance of the research was to determine the efficiency of asymmetry and reproducibility as indexes for diagnosis and rehabilitation processes. MATERIAL AND METHOD This study comprised 31 healthy young subjects and 20 young subjects suffering from cerebral palsy hemiplegia assigned to two groups of 10 subjects according to the severity of their musculoskeletal disorders. The peaks of plantar pressure and the time to peak pressure were recorded with an in-shoe measurement system. The intra-individual coefficient of variability was calculated to indicate the consistency of plantar pressure during walking and to define gait stability. The effect size was computed to quantify the asymmetry and measurements were conducted at eight footprint locations. RESULTS Results indicated few differences in step-to-step reproducibility between the healthy group and the less spastic group while the most affected group showed a more asymmetrical and unstable gait. CONCLUSION From the concept of self-optimisation and depending on the neuromotor disorders the organism could make priorities based on pain, mobility, stability or energy expenditure to develop the best gait auto-optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Descatoire
- Laboratoire d'études de la motricité humaine, faculté des sciences du sport et de l'éducation physique, université de Lille-2, 9, rue de l'Université, 59790 Ronchin, France
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Le Postollec A, Incerti S, Dobrijevic M, Desorgher L, Santin G, Moretto P, Vandenabeele-Trambouze O, Coussot G, Dartnell L, Nieminen P. Monte Carlo simulation of the radiation environment encountered by a biochip during a space mission to Mars. Astrobiology 2009; 9:311-323. [PMID: 19368517 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2008.0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Simulations with a Monte Carlo tool kit have been performed to determine the radiation environment a specific device, called a biochip, would face if it were placed into a rover bound to explore Mars' surface. A biochip is a miniaturized device that can be used to detect organic molecules in situ. Its specific detection part is constituted of proteins whose behavior under cosmic radiation is completely unknown and must be investigated to ensure a good functioning of the device under space conditions. The aim of this study is to define particle species and energy ranges that could be relevant to investigate during experiments on irradiation beam facilities. Several primary particles have been considered for galactic cosmic ray (GCR) and solar energetic particle (SEP) contributions. Ionizing doses accumulated in the biochip and differential fluxes of protons, alphas, neutrons, gammas, and electrons have been established for both the Earth-Mars transit and the journey at Mars' surface. Neutrons and gammas appear as dominant species on martian soil, whereas protons dominate during the interplanetary travel. Depending on solar event occurrence during the mission, an ionizing dose of around a few Grays (1 Gy = 100 rad) is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Le Postollec
- Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux (LAB), Université Bordeaux 1, Floirac, France.
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Vigetti D, Viola M, Karousou E, Genasetti A, Rizzi M, Clerici M, Bartolini B, Moretto P, De Luca G, Passi A. Vascular pathology and the role of hyaluronan. ScientificWorldJournal 2008; 8:1116-8. [PMID: 18979052 PMCID: PMC5849075 DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2008.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Vigetti
- Department of Experimental Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess plantar pressure deviations due to fatigue. Plantar pressure was assessed using a portable system while eleven healthy subjects performed three walking tests, one before, one immediately after and another 30-min after intensive running. Pressure peak, intra-subject coefficient of variation and relative impulse were recorded. Significant decrease in pressure peak and the relative impulse under the heel and the midfoot along with significant increase in pressure peak and relative impulse under the forefoot were observed 30 min after the run. After a 30-min rest, the heel and forefoot loading remained significantly affected compared to the pre-test conditions while variability, step length and frequency remained unchanged. The study demonstrates short- and long-term plantar pressure deviations due to fatigue induced by an intensive 30-min run, while previous studies showed negligible deviation of the ground reaction force.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bisiaux
- Laboratoire d'Etudes de la Motricité Humaine, Faculté des Sciences du Sport et de l'Education Physique, 9 Rue de l'Université, Ronchin, Lille 2, France
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Hotte S, Hirte H, Moretto P, Iacobucci A, Wong D, Korz W, Miller W. 405 POSTER Final results of a Phase I/II study of CTCE-9908, a novel anticancer agent that inhibits CXCR4, in patients with advanced solid cancers. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)72339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Mangialajo L, Bertolotto R, Cattaneo-Vietti R, Chiantore M, Grillo C, Lemee R, Melchiorre N, Moretto P, Povero P, Ruggieri N. The toxic benthic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis ovata: quantification of proliferation along the coastline of Genoa, Italy. Mar Pollut Bull 2008; 56:1209-1214. [PMID: 18381216 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2007] [Revised: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Toxic harmful algal bloom (HAB) occurrence is becoming more frequent and problematic in highly urbanized coastal zones. In summer 2005 along the urbanized Genoa coastline (Ligurian Sea, North western Mediterranean Sea), local first aid stations treated about 200 people, who all showed similar symptoms following exposure to marine aerosols. The link with proliferation of Ostreopsis ovata was made, and it highlighted for the first time, the risks that benthic HABs may represent in highly urbanised temperate areas. Subsequently, a specific monitoring plan was designed and implemented in the same area in July 2006, before the first signs of Ostreopsis proliferation were detected. Here we report on this quantification of an Ostreopsis ovata bloom in the Ligurian Sea. Cells were quantified both in the water column and in the epiphytic community on macrophytes. Our results suggest a role of sea water temperature and weather conditions in favouring bloom development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mangialajo
- Dipartimento per lo Studio del Territorio e delle sue Risorse, Università degli Studi di Genova, C.so Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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Viola M, Vigetti D, Genasetti A, Rizzi M, Karousou E, Moretto P, Clerici M, Bartolini B, Pallotti F, De Luca G, Passi A. Molecular control of the hyaluronan biosynthesis. Connect Tissue Res 2008; 49:111-4. [PMID: 18661323 DOI: 10.1080/03008200802148405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is the only unsulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composed of repeating units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. The amount and the molecular weight of HA are important factors that regulate the physiology and pathology in several mammalian tissues. In fact hydrated HA makes ECM an ideal environment in which cells can move and proliferate. HA interacting with several receptors at the cellular level plays a critical role in signal transduction responses. The control of the HA synthesis is therefore a critical aspect in ECM and cells biology, but so far the information about this question is scanty. The synthesis of HA is due to several enzymes activities which not only involves its synthetic enzymes on the membranes of the cells (HA synthases 1, 2, 3, isoforms) but also the cytoplasmatic enzymes producing the UDP-sugar precursors. The UDP-sugars availability in cytoplasm is a critical point for the GAG synthesis and it seems to affect particularly the HA production. Eventually, the activity control of the enzymes involved in HA metabolism is obtained throughout both enzyme amount and their postsynthetic covalent modification, as phosphorylation. In fact, it was recently reported that HA synthase 3 may be phosphorylated after specific stimuli, and an increasing body of evidence supports the idea that the synthetic pathway of HA may be carefully regulated in all steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Viola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Universita' Degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
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50
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Genasetti A, Vigetti D, Viola M, Karousou E, Moretto P, Rizzi M, Bartolini B, Clerici M, Pallotti F, De Luca G, Passi A. Hyaluronan and human endothelial cell behavior. Connect Tissue Res 2008; 49:120-3. [PMID: 18661325 DOI: 10.1080/03008200802148462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is the only nonsulphated glycosaminoglycan of extracellular matrix. In mammals HA is synthesised by three homologues HA synthases: HAS1, HAS2, and HAS3. The HA is daily catabolized by the hyaluronidase enzymes to either oligosaccharides or larger polymer. Despite its simple structure, HA is involved in a great number of biological functions, such as cell proliferation and migration, morphogenesis, wound healing, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. Moreover, an important biological role is related to HA oligosaccharides that stimulate cytokine secretion and endothelial cell proliferation. Nevertheless no data about HA presence in endothelium are reported in literature. Several studies underline HA involvement in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, new vessels formation, and leucocytes recruitment. We review the role of HA in endothelial cell in normal condition and during vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Genasetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Universita degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
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