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Zarzycka W, Kobak KA, King CJ, Peelor FF, Miller BF, Chiao YA. Hyperactive mTORC1/4EBP1 signaling dysregulates proteostasis and accelerates cardiac aging. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01368-w. [PMID: 39379739 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has a major impact on aging by regulation of proteostasis. It is well established that mTORC1 signaling is hyperactivated with aging and age-related diseases. Previous studies have shown that partial inhibition of mTOR signaling by rapamycin reverses age-related deteriorations in cardiac function and structure in old mice. However, the downstream signaling pathways involved in this protection against cardiac aging have not been established. mTORC1 phosphorylates 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) to promote the initiation of cap-dependent translation. The objective of this project is to examine the role of the mTORC1/4EBP1 axis in age-related cardiac dysfunction. We used a whole-body 4EBP1 KO mouse model, which mimics a hyperactive mTORC1/4EBP1/eIF4E axis, to investigate the effects of hyperactive mTORC1/4EBP1 axis in cardiac aging. Echocardiographic measurements of middle-aged 4EBP1 KO mice show impaired diastolic function and myocardial performance compared to age-matched WT mice and these parameters are at similar levels as old WT mice, suggesting that 4EBP1 KO mice experience accelerated cardiac aging. Old 4EBP1 KO mice show further decline in systolic and diastolic function compared to middle-aged counterparts and have worse systolic and diastolic function than age-matched WT mice. Gene expression levels of heart failure markers are not different between 4EBP1 KO and WT hearts. However, ribosomal biogenesis and protein ubiquitination are significantly increased in 4EBP1 KO hearts when compared to WT controls, suggesting dysregulated proteostasis in 4EBP1 KO hearts. Together, these results show that a hyperactive mTORC1/4EBP1 axis accelerates cardiac aging, potentially by dysregulating proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Zarzycka
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kamil A Kobak
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Catherine J King
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Frederick F Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma City VA, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ying Ann Chiao
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Moghtadaei M, Tagirova S, Ahmet I, Moen J, Lakatta EG, Rose RA. Lifelong longitudinal assessment of the contribution of multi-fractal fluctuations to heart rate and heart rate variability in aging mice: role of the sinoatrial node and autonomic nervous system. GeroScience 2024; 46:5085-5101. [PMID: 38967697 PMCID: PMC11336143 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01267-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for sinoatrial node (SAN) dysfunction, which can impair heart rate (HR) control and heart rate variability (HRV). HR and HRV are determined by intrinsic SAN function and its regulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The purpose of this study was to use multi-scale multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MSMFDFA; a complexity-based approach to analyze multi-fractal dynamics) to longitudinally assess changes in multi-fractal HRV properties and SAN function in ECG time series recorded repeatedly across the full adult lifespan in mice. ECGs were recorded in anesthetized mice in baseline conditions and after autonomic nervous system blockade every three months beginning at 6 months of age until the end of life. MSMFDFA was used to assess HRV and SAN function every three months between 6 and 27 months of age. Intrinsic HR (i.e. HR during ANS blockade) remained relatively stable until 15 months of age, and then progressively declined until study endpoint at 27 months of age. MSMFDFA revealed sudden and rapid changes in multi-fractal properties of the ECG RR interval time series in aging mice. In particular, multi-fractal spectrum width (MFSW, a measure of multi-fractality) was relatively stable between 6 months and 15 months of age and then progressively increased at 27 months of age. These changes in MFSW were evident in baseline conditions and during ANS blockade. Thus, intrinsic SAN function declines progressively during aging and is manifested by age-associated changes in multi-fractal HRV across the lifespan in mice, which can be accurately quantified by MSMFDFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahareh Moghtadaei
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, GAC66, Health Research Innovation Centre, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Syevda Tagirova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ismayil Ahmet
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jack Moen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Robert A Rose
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, GAC66, Health Research Innovation Centre, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
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3
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Torino C, Lu Z, Tilly MJ, Ikram MK, Kavousi M, Mattace-Raso F. Aortic stiffness: an age-related prognostic marker? J Hypertens 2024; 42:1777-1784. [PMID: 39196691 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Aortic stiffness, a consequence of vascular aging, is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the impact of age and sex on its predictive performance remains unclear. We have included 6046 individuals from the population-based Rotterdam study. Survival analyses were performed to investigate the impact of age and sex on the link between aortic stiffness and outcomes, including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The added predictive value of aortic stiffness across age categories and by sex was assessed by using explained variation, Harrell's C index and Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI). Aortic stiffness was independently associated with all outcomes [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval; CI): 1.16 (1.04-1.22) for CHD, 1.09 (1.00-1.19) for stroke, 1.11 (1.05-1.18) for CVD, 1.14 (1.05-1.23) for cardiovascular mortality, 1.08 (1.03-1.13) for all-cause mortality]. The strength of the association between aortic stiffness and stroke, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality decreased significantly by advancing age. The variance of the outcome (R2) explained by aortic stiffness alone was noticeable in individuals younger than 60 years and negligible in the other age categories. The association of aortic stiffness and CHD was stronger in women than in men. Similarly, the difference in R2 between women and men was greater for CHD than for the other considered outcomes. Our findings suggest that the gain in explained variation caused by aortic stiffness for CVD and mortality might be limited to individuals younger than 60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torino
- Department of Epidemiology
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- National Research Council - Institute of Clinical Physiology, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Mattace-Raso
- Department of Epidemiology
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Mascarenhas LA, Ji Y, Wang W, Inciardi RM, Parikh RR, Eaton AA, Cheng S, Alonso A, Matsushita K, Shah AM, Solomon SD, Meyer ML, Chen LY, Zhang MJ. Association of central arterial stiffness with atrial myopathy: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:2902-2913. [PMID: 39117948 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Atrial myopathy-defined as abnormal left atrial (LA) size and function-is associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and dementia. Central arterial stiffness is associated with increased atrial afterload and fibrosis and may be a risk factor for atrial myopathy. We examined the association of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) with LA function and assessed potential causal relationships. We included 2825 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants from Visit 5 (2011-2013). cfPWV was related to echocardiographic LA function continuously per 1-SD and categorically in quartiles. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using U.K. Biobank-derived genetic variants associated with arterial stiffness index and cardiac magnetic resonance measures of LA function. When analyzed per SD increment (297.6 cm/s), higher cfPWV was significantly associated with lower LA reservoir and conduit strain (β = -0.53%, 95% CI [-0.81, -0.25] and β = -0.46%, 95% CI [-0.68, -0.25], respectively) after adjusting for demographics, clinical characteristics, systolic blood pressure, and left ventricular (LV) morphology and function. In MR analyses there was a non-significant inverse association of arterial stiffness index with LA total, passive, and active emptying fractions. Higher cfPWV is associated with lower LA reservoir and conduit strain, independent of systolic blood pressure and LV morphology and function. No evidence for a causal relationship between arterial stiffness index and alterations in LA function was found. Future studies should examine the prospective association of central arterial stiffness with LA function alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine A Mascarenhas
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yuekai Ji
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wendy Wang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Riccardo M Inciardi
- Institute of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Romil R Parikh
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anne A Eaton
- Division of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kunihiro Matsushita
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amil M Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle L Meyer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lin Yee Chen
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael J Zhang
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Hiden U, Krstic J, Panzitt K, Wagner M, Enzinger C, Khalil M, Abdellatif M, Malle E, Madl T, Osto E, Schosserer M, Binder CJ, Olschewski A. Targeting organ-specific mitochondrial dysfunction to improve biological aging. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 262:108710. [PMID: 39179117 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
In an aging society, unveiling new anti-aging strategies to prevent and combat aging-related diseases is of utmost importance. Mitochondria are the primary ATP production sites and key regulators of programmed cell death. Consequently, these highly dynamic organelles play a central role in maintaining tissue function, and mitochondrial dysfunction is a pivotal factor in the progressive age-related decline in cellular homeostasis and organ function. The current review examines recent advances in understanding the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and organ-specific aging. Thereby, we dissect molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial impairment associated with the deterioration of organ function, exploring the role of mitochondrial DNA, reactive oxygen species homeostasis, metabolic activity, damage-associated molecular patterns, biogenesis, turnover, and dynamics. We also highlight emerging therapeutic strategies in preclinical and clinical tests that are supposed to rejuvenate mitochondrial function, such as antioxidants, mitochondrial biogenesis stimulators, and modulators of mitochondrial turnover and dynamics. Furthermore, we discuss potential benefits and challenges associated with the use of these interventions, emphasizing the need for organ-specific approaches given the unique mitochondrial characteristics of different tissues. In conclusion, this review highlights the therapeutic potential of addressing mitochondrial dysfunction to mitigate organ-specific aging, focusing on the skin, liver, lung, brain, skeletal muscle, and lung, as well as on the reproductive, immune, and cardiovascular systems. Based on a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted roles of mitochondria, innovative therapeutic strategies may be developed and optimized to combat biological aging and promote healthy aging across diverse organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ursula Hiden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Early Life Determinants, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Krstic
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Austria
| | - Katrin Panzitt
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | | | - Michael Khalil
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Malle
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Austria
| | - Elena Osto
- Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence, Austria
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, LBI for Lung Vascular Research, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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Caldwell JT, Koenke A, Zimmerman L, Wahl AE, Fenn SA, Grammer EE, Stahl ME, Allen JD, Jaime SJ. Acute impact of inorganic nitrate supplementation after ischemia and during small muscle mass exercise in postmenopausal females: A pilot study. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e70076. [PMID: 39367530 PMCID: PMC11452349 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.70076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Menopause is associated with reduced endothelial-dependent vasodilation and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Dietary nitrate, a non-pharmacological approach, may increase vasodilatory capacity consequentially reducing CVD risk. We investigated macro- and microvascular function after acute nitrate supplementation in postmenopausal females (PMF). Vascular function was studied with flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and near-infrared post occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH). Incremental handgrip exercise was performed to investigate blood flow and tissue oxygenation. We hypothesized acute dietary nitrate would not impact resting endothelial measures but would increase post ischemic vasodilation and incremental exercise blood flow. Late-phase PMF (n = 12) participated in a randomized crossover design with 140 mL of nitrate-rich (NR) beetroot juice or nitrate-poor black currant juice. Testing included a 5-min FMD, a 3-min ischemic exercise FMD, and incremental exercise at 10%, 15%, and 20% maximal voluntary contraction to measure blood flow and pressure responses. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. One-way ANOVA indicated lower resting pressures, but no change to FMD, or PORH in either protocol. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA indicated NR supplementation significantly reduced mean arterial pressure at rest and during incremental exercise at all intensities without changes to blood flow. Acute nitrate is effective for resting and exercising blood pressure management in PMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T. Caldwell
- Exercise and Sport Science DepartmentUniversity of Wisconsin‐La CrosseLa CrosseWisconsinUSA
| | - Alyssa Koenke
- Exercise and Sport Science DepartmentUniversity of Wisconsin‐La CrosseLa CrosseWisconsinUSA
| | - Lauren Zimmerman
- Exercise and Sport Science DepartmentUniversity of Wisconsin‐La CrosseLa CrosseWisconsinUSA
| | - Aaron E. Wahl
- Exercise and Sport Science DepartmentUniversity of Wisconsin‐La CrosseLa CrosseWisconsinUSA
| | - Sarah A. Fenn
- Exercise and Sport Science DepartmentUniversity of Wisconsin‐La CrosseLa CrosseWisconsinUSA
| | - Emily E. Grammer
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human DevelopmentUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Macy E. Stahl
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human DevelopmentUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Jason D. Allen
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human DevelopmentUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Salvador J. Jaime
- Exercise and Sport Science DepartmentUniversity of Wisconsin‐La CrosseLa CrosseWisconsinUSA
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Bello MO, Mammino KM, Vernon MA, Wakeman DG, Denmon CA, Krishnamurthy LC, Krishnamurthy V, McGregor KM, Novak TS, Nocera JR. Graded Intensity Aerobic Exercise to Improve Cerebrovascular Function and Performance in Older Veterans: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e58316. [PMID: 39326042 DOI: 10.2196/58316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing health care challenges resulting from a rapidly expanding aging population necessitate examining effective rehabilitation techniques that mitigate age-related comorbidity and improve quality of life. To date, exercise is one of a few proven interventions known to attenuate age-related declines in cognitive and sensorimotor functions critical to sustained independence. OBJECTIVE This work aims to implement a multimodal imaging approach to better understand the mechanistic underpinnings of the beneficial exercise-induced adaptations to sedentary older adults' brains and behaviors. Due to the complex cerebral and vascular dynamics that encompass neuroplastic change with aging and exercise, we propose an imaging protocol that will model exercise-induced changes to cerebral perfusion, cerebral vascular reactivity (CVR), and cognitive and sensorimotor task-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) after prescribed exercise. METHODS Sedentary older adults (aged 65-80 years) were randomly assigned to either a 12-week aerobic-based interval-based cycling intervention or a 12-week balance and stretching intervention. Assessments of cardiovascular fitness used the YMCA submaximal VO2 test, basal cerebral perfusion using arterial spin labeling (ASL), CVR using hypercapnic fMRI, and cortical activation using fMRI during verbal fluency and motor tapping tasks. A battery of cognitive-executive and motor function tasks outside the scanning environment will be performed before and after the interventions. RESULTS Our studies and others show that improved cardiovascular fitness in older adults results in improved outcomes related to physical and cognitive health as well as quality of life. A consistent but unexplained finding in many of these studies is a change in cortical activation patterns during task-based fMRI, which corresponds with improved task performance (cognitive-executive and motor). We hypothesize that the 12-week aerobic exercise intervention will increase basal perfusion and improve CVR through a greater magnitude of reactivity in brain areas susceptible to neural and vascular decline (inferior frontal and motor cortices) in previously sedentary older adults. To differentiate between neural and vascular adaptations in these regions, we will map changes in basal perfusion and CVR over the inferior frontal and the motor cortices-regions we have previously shown to be beneficially altered during fMRI BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent), such as verbal fluency and motor tapping, through improved cardiovascular fitness. CONCLUSIONS Exercise is one of the most impactful interventions for improving physical and cognitive health in aging. This study aims to better understand the mechanistic underpinnings of improved health and function of the cerebrovascular system. If our hypothesis of improved perfusion and cerebrovascular reactivity following a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention is supported, it would add critically important insights into the potential of exercise to improve brain health in aging and could inform exercise prescription for older adults at risk for neurodegenerative disease brought on by cerebrovascular dysfunction. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05932069; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05932069. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/58316.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medina Oneyi Bello
- Joseph Maxwell Cleland Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Kevin Michael Mammino
- Joseph Maxwell Cleland Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | | | - Daniel G Wakeman
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA, United States
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Hrabak Paar M, Muršić M, Bremerich J, Heye T. Cardiovascular Aging and Risk Assessment: How Multimodality Imaging Can Help. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1947. [PMID: 39272731 PMCID: PMC11393882 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14171947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging affects the cardiovascular system, and this process may be accelerated in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. The main vascular changes include arterial wall thickening, calcification, and stiffening, together with aortic dilatation and elongation. With aging, we can observe left ventricular hypertrophy with myocardial fibrosis and left atrial dilatation. These changes may lead to heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Using multimodality imaging, including ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging, it is possible to detect these changes. Additionally, multimodality imaging, mainly via CT measurements of coronary artery calcium or ultrasound carotid intima-media thickness, enables advanced cardiovascular risk stratification and helps in decision-making about preventive strategies. The focus of this manuscript is to briefly review cardiovascular changes that occur with aging, as well as to describe how multimodality imaging may be used for the assessment of these changes and risk stratification of asymptomatic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Hrabak Paar
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Miroslav Muršić
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jens Bremerich
- Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Heye
- Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
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9
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Romero G, Martin B, Gabris B, Salama G. Relaxin suppresses atrial fibrillation, reverses fibrosis and reduces inflammation in aged hearts. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 227:116407. [PMID: 38969298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Healthy aging results in cardiac structural and electrical remodeling that increase susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases. Relaxin has shown broad cardioprotective effects including anti-fibrotic, anti-arrhythmic and anti-inflammatory outcomes in multiple models. This paper focuses on the cardioprotective effects of Relaxin in a rat model of aging. Sustained atrial or ventricular fibrillation are readily induced in the hearts of aged but not young control animals. Treatment with Relaxin suppressed this arrhythmogenic response by increasing conduction velocity, decreasing fibrosis and promoting substantial cardiac remodeling. Relaxin treatment resulted in a significant increase in the levels of: Nav1.5, Cx43, βcatenin and Wnt1 in rat hearts. In isolated cardiomyocytes, Relaxin increased Nav1.5 expression. These effects were mimicked by CHIR 99021, a pharmacological activator of canonical Wnt signaling, but blocked by the canonical Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf1. Relaxin prevented TGF-β-dependent differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts while increasing the expression of Wnt1; the effects of Relaxin on cardiac fibroblast differentiation were blocked by Dickkopf1. RNASeq studies demonstrated reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in the expression of α- and β-globin in Relaxin-treated aged males. Relaxin reduces arrhythmogenicity in the hearts of aged rats by reduction of fibrosis and increased conduction velocity. These changes are accompanied by substantial remodeling of the cardiac tissue and appear to be mediated by increased canonical Wnt signaling. Relaxin also exerts significant anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects in the hearts of aged rodents. The mechanisms by which Relaxin increases the expression of Wnt ligands, promotes Wnt signaling and reprograms gene expression remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Romero
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Brian Martin
- Departments of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Beth Gabris
- Departments of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Guy Salama
- Departments of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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10
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Rodrigues RJ, Cunha PM, Nunes JP, Vianna LC, Brum PC, Bocalini DS, Sposito AC, Junior LCM, Oliveira MD, Batistella E, Fernandes RR, Junior PS, Sardinha LB, Cyrino ES. Resistance training improves cardiac function in older women: a randomized controlled trial. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01320-y. [PMID: 39215795 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This investigation aimed to determine the effects of 24 weeks of resistance training (RT) on cardiac function in older women. Seventy-three physically independent older women were selected for this investigation. Participants were randomized into a training group (TG, n = 38) and a control group (CG, n = 35). The RT program was conducted over 24 weeks and consisted of three sessions a week. Participants performed eight exercises for the whole body in three sets of 8-12 repetitions. Tissue Doppler echocardiography was performed, according to current guidelines, before and after 24 weeks of the intervention. One-repetition maximum (1-RM) tests were used to assess muscular strength. A group vs. time interaction (P < 0.05) was shown for left ventricular end-diastolic volume (TG = - 8.3% vs. CG = - 0.6%), left ventricular end-systolic volume (TG = - 10.6% vs. CG = + 1.1%), and left atrial volume index (TG = - 9.1% vs. CG = + 3.9%). A main time effect (P < 0.05) was found for left ventricular mass index (TG = + 4.9% vs. CG = - 0.6%), septal thickness (TG = + 3.3% vs. CG = - 1.7%), left ventricular ejection fraction (TG = + 3.7% vs. CG = - 0.5%), E'/E septal (TG = - 4.8% vs. CG = + 0.5%), deceleration time (TG = - 4.1% vs. CG = + 3.9%), E septal (TG = + 4.6% vs. CG = - 0.6%), and E lateral (TG = + 5.2% vs. CG = - 1.1%). These results suggest that 24 weeks of RT improves cardiac morphological and functional variables in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J Rodrigues
- Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
- Center of Heart, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Paolo M Cunha
- Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - João P Nunes
- Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Lauro C Vianna
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Patrícia C Brum
- Cellular Molecular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo S Bocalini
- Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Center of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Clinics Hospital, Unicamp, Cardiology Division, CampinasCampinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Max D Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo R Fernandes
- Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Junior
- Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Luís B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Edilson S Cyrino
- Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
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11
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Mao R, Wang F, Zhong Y, Meng X, Zhang T, Li J. Association of biological age acceleration with cardiac morphology, function, and incident heart failure: insights from UK Biobank participants. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 25:1315-1323. [PMID: 38747402 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Advanced age is associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The relationship between biological age acceleration (BAA), cardiac size, cardiac function, and heart failure (HF) is not well-defined. METHODS AND RESULTS Utilizing the UK Biobank cohort, we assessed biological age using the Klemera-Doubal and PhenoAge methods. BAA was quantified by residual analysis compared with chronological age. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging provided detailed insights into cardiac structure and function. We employed multivariate regression to examine links between BAA and CMR-derived cardiac phenotypes. Cox proportional hazard regression models analysis was applied to explore the causative relationship between BAA and HF. Additionally, Mendelian randomization was used to investigate the genetic underpinnings of these associations. A significant correlation was found between increased BAA and deleterious changes in cardiac structure, such as diminished left ventricular mass, lower overall ventricular volume, and reduced stroke volumes across ventricles and atria. Throughout a median follow-up of 13.8 years, participants with greater biological aging showed a heightened risk of HF [26% per standard deviation (SD) increase in KDM-BA acceleration, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 23-28%; 33% per SD increase in PhenoAge acceleration, 95% CI: 32-35%]. Mendelian randomization analysis suggests a likely causal link between BAA, vital cardiac metrics, and HF risk. CONCLUSION In this cohort, accelerated biological aging may serve as a risk indicator for altered cardiac dimensions, functionality, and the onset of heart failure among middle-aged and elderly adults. It holds promise as a focal point for evaluating risk and developing targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Yun Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, 82 Qinglong Street, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610031, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, 82 Qinglong Street, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610031, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
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12
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Mehdipour M, Park S, Wei W, Long JZ, Huang GN. Ophthalmic acid is a bloodborne metabolite that contributes to age-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.08.607218. [PMID: 39211274 PMCID: PMC11361124 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.08.607218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac aging involves the development of left ventricular hypertrophy alongside a decline in functional capacity. Here, we use neutral blood exchange to demonstrate that the acute removal of age-accumulated blood factors significantly regresses cardiac hypertrophy in aged mice. The reversal of hypertrophy was not attributed to age-associated hemodynamic effects, implicating a role of blood-derived factors. In addition, the overarching paradigm of systemic aging maintains that the age-related overabundance of plasma proteins are largely responsible for causing pathological phenotypes in tissues. Our results suggest that blood metabolites, not proteins, drive cardiac hypertrophy instead. Upon analyzing serum metabolomics data sets, we identified ophthalmic acid as a circulating metabolite whose levels increase with advanced age. Treatment of adult mouse and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in culture with ophthalmic acid increased their relative surface areas. This study uncovers a non-protein metabolite that may contribute to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy during aging. Identifying a method to counteract ophthalmic acid's hypertrophic effects may reveal novel therapeutic opportunities for cardiac rejuvenation.
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13
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Chang TT, Lin LY, Chen C, Chen JW. CCL4 contributes to aging related angiogenic insufficiency through activating oxidative stress and endothelial inflammation. Angiogenesis 2024; 27:475-499. [PMID: 38739303 PMCID: PMC11303582 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process associated with chronic inflammation in the development of vascular dysfunction. We hypothesized that chemokine C-C motif ligands 4 (CCL4) might play a vital role in aging-related vascular dysfunction. Circulating CCL4 was up-regulated in elderly subjects and in aged animals. CCL4 inhibition reduced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), attenuated inflammation, and restored cell functions in endothelial progenitor cells from elderly subjects and in aged human aortic endothelial cells. CCL4 promoted cell aging, with impaired cell functioning, by activating ROS production and inflammation. CCL4 knockout mice and therapeutic administration of anti-CCL4 neutralizing antibodies exhibited vascular and dermal anti-aging effects, with improved wound healing, via the down-regulation of inflammatory proteins and the activation of angiogenic proteins. Altogether, our findings suggested that CCL4 may contribute to aging-related vascular dysfunction via activating oxidative stress and endothelial inflammation. CCL4 may be a potential therapeutic target for vascular protections during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Chang
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital and Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-Yu Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching Chen
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital and Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Rivera CF, Farra YM, Silvestro M, Medvedovsky S, Matz J, Pratama MY, Vlahos J, Ramkhelawon B, Bellini C. Mapping the unicellular transcriptome of the ascending thoracic aorta to changes in mechanosensing and mechanoadaptation during aging. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14197. [PMID: 38825882 PMCID: PMC11320362 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic stiffening is an inevitable manifestation of chronological aging, yet the mechano-molecular programs that orchestrate region- and layer-specific adaptations along the length and through the wall of the aorta are incompletely defined. Here, we show that the decline in passive cyclic distensibility is more pronounced in the ascending thoracic aorta (ATA) compared to distal segments of the aorta and that collagen content increases in both the medial and adventitial compartments of the ATA during aging. The single-cell RNA sequencing of aged ATA tissues reveals altered cellular senescence, remodeling, and inflammatory responses accompanied by enrichment of T-lymphocytes and rarefaction of vascular smooth muscle cells, compared to young samples. T lymphocyte clusters accumulate in the adventitia, while the activation of mechanosensitive Piezo-1 enhances vasoconstriction and contributes to the overall functional decline of ATA tissues. These results portray the immuno-mechanical aging of the ATA as a process that culminates in a stiffer conduit permissive to the accrual of multi-gerogenic signals priming to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristobal F. Rivera
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Yasmeen M. Farra
- Department of BioengineeringNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Michele Silvestro
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Steven Medvedovsky
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Jacqueline Matz
- Department of BioengineeringNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Muhammad Yogi Pratama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - John Vlahos
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Bhama Ramkhelawon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Chiara Bellini
- Department of BioengineeringNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
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15
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Ki MR, Youn S, Kim DH, Pack SP. Natural Compounds for Preventing Age-Related Diseases and Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7530. [PMID: 39062777 PMCID: PMC11276798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifaceted process influenced by hereditary factors, lifestyle, and environmental elements. As time progresses, the human body experiences degenerative changes in major functions. The external and internal signs of aging manifest in various ways, including skin dryness, wrinkles, musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Additionally, cancer, like aging, is a complex disease that arises from the accumulation of various genetic and epigenetic alterations. Circadian clock dysregulation has recently been identified as an important risk factor for aging and cancer development. Natural compounds and herbal medicines have gained significant attention for their potential in preventing age-related diseases and inhibiting cancer progression. These compounds demonstrate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and anti-angiogenic effects as well as circadian clock regulation. This review explores age-related diseases, cancers, and the potential of specific natural compounds in targeting the key features of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ran Ki
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong-Ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.K.); (S.Y.); (D.H.K.)
- Institute of Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong-Ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Youn
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong-Ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.K.); (S.Y.); (D.H.K.)
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong-Ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.K.); (S.Y.); (D.H.K.)
| | - Seung Pil Pack
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong-Ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.K.); (S.Y.); (D.H.K.)
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16
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Totoń-Żurańska J, Mikolajczyk TP, Saju B, Guzik TJ. Vascular remodelling in cardiovascular diseases: hypertension, oxidation, and inflammation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:817-850. [PMID: 38920058 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Optimal vascular structure and function are essential for maintaining the physiological functions of the cardiovascular system. Vascular remodelling involves changes in vessel structure, including its size, shape, cellular and molecular composition. These changes result from multiple risk factors and may be compensatory adaptations to sustain blood vessel function. They occur in diverse cardiovascular pathologies, from hypertension to heart failure and atherosclerosis. Dynamic changes in the endothelium, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, pericytes or other vascular wall cells underlie remodelling. In addition, immune cells, including macrophages and lymphocytes, may infiltrate vessels and initiate inflammatory signalling. They contribute to a dynamic interplay between cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, inflammation, and extracellular matrix reorganisation, all critical mechanisms of vascular remodelling. Molecular pathways underlying these processes include growth factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor), inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α), reactive oxygen species, and signalling pathways, such as Rho/ROCK, MAPK, and TGF-β/Smad, related to nitric oxide and superoxide biology. MicroRNAs and long noncoding RNAs are crucial epigenetic regulators of gene expression in vascular remodelling. We evaluate these pathways for potential therapeutic targeting from a clinical translational perspective. In summary, vascular remodelling, a coordinated modification of vascular structure and function, is crucial in cardiovascular disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Totoń-Żurańska
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz P Mikolajczyk
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Blessy Saju
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
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17
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Barry M, Barry F, Gun M, Padurean P, Ikoli JF, Havet E, Gara Ali B, Caus T. Influence of age and sex on the thickness of the radial artery wall. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102523. [PMID: 38492619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is a relationship between age or sex and the thickness of the radial artery wall. MATERIALS AND METHODS We harvested human radial arteries from 48 cadavers (30 men and 18 women) in the anatomy laboratory. Histological sections of 3 μm thickness were prepared at the Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology, mounted on slides, and stained with hematoxylin-phloxine-safran, Masson's trichrome, and orcein. The thickness of each radial artery wall (intima-media thickness) was measured using optical microscopy, and an average measurement was established among the three thicknesses (upper third, middle third, and lower third). STATISTICAL METHODS Statistical analyses were performed using the R software. Means and standard deviations were utilized. A correlation analysis was also conducted to assess the relationship between radial artery wall thickness and subjects' age. RESULTS On average, the thickness of the left radial artery wall and that of the right radial artery measured 282 (34) micrometers (μm). We found a correlation between radial artery wall thickness and age in both men (p < 0.001) and women (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study elucidates that radial artery wall thickness is related to age and sex in its assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbaou Barry
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Amiens Picardie University Hospital Center, 1 Rue du Professeur Christian CABROL, 80054 Amiens, Cedex1, France.
| | - Fatoumata Barry
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Ambroise-Paré Hospital, AP-HP, 9 avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Mesut Gun
- Department of Cardiology, Amiens Picardie University Hospital Center, 1 Rue du Professeur Christian CABROL, 80054 Amiens, Cedex1, France
| | - Paul Padurean
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Amiens Picardie University Hospital Center, 1 Rue du Professeur Christian CABROL, 80054 Amiens, Cedex1, France
| | - Jean Fortuné Ikoli
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Amiens Picardie University Hospital Center, 1 Rue du Professeur Christian CABROL, 80054 Amiens, Cedex1, France
| | - Eric Havet
- Anatomy Laboratory Faculty of Medicine, University of Amiens, Amiens, Cedex1, France
| | - Bessem Gara Ali
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Amiens Picardie University Hospital Center, 1 Rue du Professeur Christian CABROL, 80054 Amiens, Cedex1, France
| | - Thierry Caus
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Amiens Picardie University Hospital Center, 1 Rue du Professeur Christian CABROL, 80054 Amiens, Cedex1, France
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18
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Derumeaux G, Sawaki D, Czibik G. Trajectories in Cardiac Aging: Journey to the Crossroads of Inflammation and Metabolism. Circulation 2024; 149:1935-1937. [PMID: 38885299 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Derumeaux
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U955, Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), AP-HP, Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, Créteil, France (G.D., D.S., G.C.)
| | - Daigo Sawaki
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U955, Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), AP-HP, Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, Créteil, France (G.D., D.S., G.C.)
- Jichi Medical University, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Cardiology, 3311-1 Shimotsuke-city, Tochigi-prefecture, Japan (D.S.)
| | - Gabor Czibik
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U955, Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), AP-HP, Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, Créteil, France (G.D., D.S., G.C.)
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK (G.C.)
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19
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Bordet G, Tulin AV. PARG Protein Regulation Roles in Drosophila Longevity Control. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6189. [PMID: 38892377 PMCID: PMC11173342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging, marked by a gradual decline in physiological function and heightened vulnerability to age-related diseases, remains a complex biological process with multifaceted regulatory mechanisms. Our study elucidates the critical role of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), responsible for catabolizing poly(ADP-ribose) (pADPr) in the aging process by modulating the expression of age-related genes in Drosophila melanogaster. Specifically, we uncover the regulatory function of the uncharacterized PARG C-terminal domain in controlling PARG activity. Flies lacking this domain exhibit a significantly reduced lifespan compared to wild-type counterparts. Furthermore, we observe progressive dysregulation of age-related gene expression during aging, accelerated in the absence of PARG activity, culminating in a premature aging phenotype. Our findings reveal the critical involvement of the pADPr pathway as a key player in the aging process, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating age-related effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexei V. Tulin
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA;
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20
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Küçükkelepçe O, Yılmaz E, Çamcı S. The Relationship between Fragmented QRS and Myocardial Injury in Patients with Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:891. [PMID: 38929508 PMCID: PMC11205574 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication is one of the most common causes of poisoning-related deaths and complications. Myocardial injury is an important complication of CO poisoning. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the presence and prevalence of fragmented QRS (fQRS) and myocardial injury in patients with CO intoxication. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who presented to the emergency department of our tertiary care center with CO intoxication between January 2020 and December 2023. In our study, we performed subgroup analyses according to the presence of myocardial injury and fQRS. We evaluated the parameters and risk factors associated with myocardial injury. Results: Myocardial injury was detected in 44 patients, and fQRS was detected in 38 patients. In the myocardial injury (+) group, the fQRS rate was 38.6%, and the median number of leads with fQRS was 3 (2-6) and was significantly higher than in the myocardial injury (-) group (p < 0.001). We found that carboxyhemoglobin had a significant positive correlation with troponin (p = 0.001) and pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP) (p = 0.009). As a result of multivariate analysis, we determined that age, creatinine, proBNP, fQRS, and ≥3 leads with fQRS are independent risk factors for myocardial injury. Conclusions: Myocardial injury in CO intoxication patients is associated with proBNP, the presence of fQRS, and the number of leads with fQRS. Age, creatinine level, proBNP, the presence of fQRS, and ≥3 leads with fQRS are independent risk factors for myocardial injury in patients with CO intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Küçükkelepçe
- Department of Public Health, Adıyaman Provincial Health Directorate, 02100 Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Emre Yılmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, 28100 Giresun, Turkey; (E.Y.); (S.Ç.)
| | - Sencer Çamcı
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, 28100 Giresun, Turkey; (E.Y.); (S.Ç.)
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21
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Zarzycka W, Kobak KA, King CJ, Peelor FF, Miller BF, Chiao YA. Hyperactive mTORC1/4EBP1 Signaling Dysregulates Proteostasis and Accelerates Cardiac Aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.594044. [PMID: 38798509 PMCID: PMC11118374 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.594044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has a major impact on aging by regulation of proteostasis. It is well established that mTORC1 signaling is hyperactivated with aging and age-related diseases. Previous studies have shown that partial inhibition of mTOR signaling by rapamycin reverses the age-related decline in cardiac function and structure in old mice. However, the downstream signaling pathways involved in this protection against cardiac aging have not been established. TORC1 phosphorylates 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) to promote the initiation of cap-dependent translation. The aim of this project is to examine the role of the mTORC1/4EBP1 axis in age-related cardiac dysfunction. We utilized a whole-body 4EBP1 KO mouse model, which mimics a hyperactive 4EBP1/eIF4E axis, to investigate the effects of hyperactive mTORC1/4EBP1 axis in cardiac aging. Echocardiographic measurements revealed that young 4EBP1 KO mice have no difference in cardiac function at baseline compared to WT mice. Interestingly, middle-aged (14-15-month-old) 4EBP1 KO mice show impaired diastolic function and myocardial performance compared to age-matched WT mice and their diastolic function and myocardial performance are at similar levels as 24-month-old WT mice, suggesting that 4EBP1 KO mice experience accelerated cardiac aging. Old 4EBP1 KO mice show further declines in systolic and diastolic function compared to middle-aged 4EBP1 KO mice and have worse systolic and diastolic function than age-matched old WT mice. Gene expression levels of heart failure markers are not different between 4EBP1 KO and WT mice at these advanced ages. However, ribosomal biogenesis and overall protein ubiquitination are significantly increased in 4EBP1 KO mice when compared to WT, which suggests dysregulated proteostasis. Together, these results show that a hyperactive 4EBP1/eIF4E axis accelerates cardiac aging, potentially by dysregulating proteostasis.
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Tamiato A, Tombor LS, Fischer A, Muhly-Reinholz M, Vanicek LR, Toğru BN, Neitz J, Glaser SF, Merten M, Rodriguez Morales D, Kwon J, Klatt S, Schumacher B, Günther S, Abplanalp WT, John D, Fleming I, Wettschureck N, Dimmeler S, Luxán G. Age-Dependent RGS5 Loss in Pericytes Induces Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis. Circ Res 2024; 134:1240-1255. [PMID: 38563133 PMCID: PMC11081481 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pericytes are capillary-associated mural cells involved in the maintenance and stability of the vascular network. Although aging is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the consequences of aging on cardiac pericytes are unknown. METHODS In this study, we have combined single-nucleus RNA sequencing and histological analysis to determine the effects of aging on cardiac pericytes. Furthermore, we have conducted in vivo and in vitro analysis of RGS5 (regulator of G-protein signaling 5) loss of function and finally have performed pericytes-fibroblasts coculture studies to understand the effect of RGS5 deletion in pericytes on the neighboring fibroblasts. RESULTS Aging reduced the pericyte area and capillary coverage in the murine heart. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis further revealed that the expression of Rgs5 was reduced in cardiac pericytes from aged mice. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that the deletion of RGS5 impaired cardiac function, induced fibrosis, and morphological changes in pericytes characterized by a profibrotic gene expression signature and the expression of different ECM (extracellular matrix) components and growth factors, for example, TGFB2 and PDGFB. Indeed, culturing fibroblasts with the supernatant of RGS5-deficient pericytes induced their activation as evidenced by the increased expression of αSMA (alpha smooth muscle actin) in a TGFβ (transforming growth factor beta)2-dependent mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Our results have identified RGS5 as a crucial regulator of pericyte function during cardiac aging. The deletion of RGS5 causes cardiac dysfunction and induces myocardial fibrosis, one of the hallmarks of cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Tamiato
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - Lukas S. Tombor
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - Ariane Fischer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marion Muhly-Reinholz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Leah Rebecca Vanicek
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Büşra Nur Toğru
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jessica Neitz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone Franziska Glaser
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - Maximilian Merten
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - David Rodriguez Morales
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jeonghyeon Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology (J.K., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stephan Klatt
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Center of Molecular Medicine (S.K., I.F.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bianca Schumacher
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - Stefan Günther
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
- Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform (S.G.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Wesley T. Abplanalp
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - David John
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Center of Molecular Medicine (S.K., I.F.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology (J.K., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
| | - Guillermo Luxán
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine (A.T., L.S.T., A.F., M.M.-R., L.R.V., B.N.T., J.N., S.F.G., M.M., D.R.M., B.S., W.T.A., D.J., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., S.K., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.T., L.S.T., S.F.G., M.M., B.S., S.G., W.T.A., D.J., I.F., N.W., S.D., G.L.)
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23
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Bianchi D, Sethi NK, Velasco G, Qureshi UA, deWeber K. Care of The Older Fighter: Position Statement of the Association of Ringside Physicians. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38708547 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2024.2344227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Older Fighters are defined as combat sports athletes older than 35 years, based on heightened medical risks and historical classification. Age-related changes to the neurological, cardiopulmonary, endocrinological, thermoregulatory, osmoregulatory, and musculoskeletal systems increase these athletes' risks for injury and may prolong their recovery. These age-related risks warrant special considerations for competition, licensure, prefight medical clearance, in-fight supervision, post-fight examination, and counseling regarding training practices and retirement from combat sports. Neurological considerations include increased risk of intracranial lesions, intracranial hemorrhage, and sequelae from traumatic brain injury (TBI), warranting more comprehensive neurological evaluation and neuroimaging. Increased risk of myocardial ischemia and infarction warrant careful assessment of cardiac risk factors and scrutiny of cardiovascular fitness. Older fighters may take longer time to recover from musculoskeletal injury; post-injury clearance should be individualized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bianchi
- Medbase Cornavin Sports Center, SwissBoxing, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nitin K Sethi
- Associate Professor of Neurology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Velasco
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Uneeb A Qureshi
- United States Public Health Service, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Kevin deWeber
- Program Director, SW Washington Sports Medicine Fellowship, Vancouver, WA USA
- Affiliate Associate Professor of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Clinical Assistant Professor of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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24
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Wong JJ, Ho JS, Teo LLY, Wee HN, Chua KV, Ching J, Gao F, Tan SY, Tan RS, Kovalik JP, Koh AS. Effects of short-term moderate intensity exercise on the serum metabolome in older adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:80. [PMID: 38704414 PMCID: PMC11069586 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00507-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported changes in the serum metabolome associated with impaired myocardial relaxation in an asymptomatic older community cohort. In this prospective parallel-group randomized control pilot trial, we subjected community adults without cardiovascular disease to exercise intervention and evaluated the effects on serum metabolomics. METHODS Between February 2019 to November 2019, thirty (83% females) middle-aged adults (53 ± 4 years) were randomized with sex stratification to either twelve weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training (Intervention) (n = 15) or Control (n = 15). The Intervention group underwent once-weekly aerobic and strength training sessions for 60 min each in a dedicated cardiac exercise laboratory for twelve weeks (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03617653). Serial measurements were taken pre- and post-intervention, including serum sampling for metabolomic analyses. RESULTS Twenty-nine adults completed the study (Intervention n = 14; Control n = 15). Long-chain acylcarnitine C20:2-OH/C18:2-DC was reduced in the Intervention group by a magnitude of 0.714 but increased in the Control group by a magnitude of 1.742 (mean difference -1.028 age-adjusted p = 0.004). Among Controls, alanine correlated with left ventricular mass index (r = 0.529, age-adjusted p = 0.018) while aspartate correlated with Lateral e' (r = -764, age-adjusted p = 0.016). C20:3 correlated with E/e' ratio fold-change in the Intervention group (r = -0.653, age-adjusted p = 0.004). Among Controls, C20:2/C18:2 (r = 0.795, age-adjusted p = 0.005) and C20:2-OH/C18:2-DC fold-change (r = 0.742, age-adjusted p = 0.030) correlated with change in E/A ratio. CONCLUSIONS Corresponding relationships between serum metabolites and cardiac function in response to exercise intervention provided pilot observations. Future investigations into cellular fuel oxidation or central carbon metabolism pathways that jointly impact the heart and related metabolic systems may be critical in preventive trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jun Wong
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jien Sze Ho
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Louis L Y Teo
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Fei Gao
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Swee Yaw Tan
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ru-San Tan
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jean-Paul Kovalik
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela S Koh
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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Zhang S, Qiu B, Lv B, Yang G, Tao Y, Hu Y, Li K, Yu X, Tang C, Du J, Jin H, Huang Y. Endogenous sulfur dioxide deficiency as a driver of cardiomyocyte senescence through abolishing sulphenylation of STAT3 at cysteine 259. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103124. [PMID: 38503216 PMCID: PMC10963856 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiomyocyte senescence is an important contributor to cardiovascular diseases and can be induced by stressors including DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic regulation, etc. However, the underlying mechanisms for the development of cardiomyocyte senescence remain largely unknown. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is produced endogenously by aspartate aminotransferase 2 (AAT2) catalysis and plays an important regulatory role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to explore the effect of endogenous SO2 on cardiomyocyte senescence and the underlying molecular mechanisms. APPROACH AND RESULTS We interestingly found a substantial reduction in the expression of AAT2 in the heart of aged mice in comparison to young mice. AAT2-knockdowned cardiomyocytes exhibited reduced SO2 content, elevated expression levels of Tp53, p21Cip/Waf, and p16INk4a, enhanced SA-β-Gal activity, and elevated level of γ-H2AX foci. Notably, supplementation with a SO2 donor ameliorated the spontaneous senescence phenotype and DNA damage caused by AAT2 deficiency in cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, AAT2 deficiency suppressed the sulphenylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) facilitated its nuclear translocation and DNA-binding capacity. Conversely, a mutation in the cysteine (Cys) 259 residue of STAT3 blocked SO2-induced STAT3 sulphenylation and subsequently prevented the inhibitory effect of SO2 on STAT3-DNA-binding capacity, DNA damage, and cardiomyocyte senescence. Additionally, cardiomyocyte (cm)-specific AAT2 knockout (AAT2cmKO) mice exhibited a deterioration in cardiac function, cardiomegaly, and cardiac aging, whereas supplementation with SO2 donors mitigated the cardiac aging and remodeling phenotypes in AAT2cmKO mice. CONCLUSION Downregulation of the endogenous SO2/AAT2 pathway is a crucial pathogenic mechanism underlying cardiomyocyte senescence. Endogenous SO2 modifies STAT3 by sulphenylating Cys259, leading to the inhibition of DNA damage and the protection against cardiomyocyte senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangyue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Bingquan Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Boyang Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Guosheng Yang
- Laboratory Animal Facility, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yinghong Tao
- Laboratory Animal Facility, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yongyan Hu
- Laboratory Animal Facility, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Chaoshu Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junbao Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongfang Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
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26
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Ganau A, Orrù M, Floris M, Saba PS, Loi F, Sanna GD, Marongiu M, Balaci L, Curreli N, Ferreli LAP, Loi F, Masala M, Parodi G, Delitala AP, Schlessinger D, Lakatta E, Fiorillo E, Cucca F. Echocardiographic heart ageing patterns predict cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular events and reflect biological age: the SardiNIA study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:677-685. [PMID: 37527539 PMCID: PMC11025036 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Age is a crucial risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV diseases. As people age at different rates, the concept of biological age has been introduced as a personalized measure of functional deterioration. Associations of age with echocardiographic quantitative traits were analysed to assess different heart ageing rates and their ability to predict outcomes and reflect biological age. METHODS AND RESULTS Associations of age with left ventricular mass, geometry, diastolic function, left atrial volume, and aortic root size were measured in 2614 healthy subjects. Based on the 95% two-sided tolerance intervals of each correlation, three discrete ageing trajectories were identified and categorized as 'slow', 'normal', and 'accelerated' heart ageing patterns. The primary endpoint included fatal and non-fatal CV events, and the secondary endpoint was a composite of CV and non-CV events and all-cause death. The phenotypic age of the heart (HeartPhAge) was estimated as a proxy of biological age. The slow ageing pattern was found in 8.7% of healthy participants, the normal pattern in 76.9%, and the accelerated pattern in 14.4%. Kaplan-Meier curves of the heart ageing patterns diverged significantly (P = 0.0001) for both primary and secondary endpoints, with the event rate being lowest in the slow, intermediate in the normal, and highest in the accelerated pattern. In the Cox proportional hazards model, heart ageing patterns predicted both primary (P = 0.01) and secondary (P = 0.03 to <0.0001) endpoints, independent of chronological age and risk factors. Compared with chronological age, HeartPhAge was 9 years younger in slow, 4 years older in accelerated (both P < 0.0001), and overlapping in normal ageing patterns. CONCLUSION Standard Doppler echocardiography detects slow, normal, and accelerated heart ageing patterns. They predict CV and non-CV events, reflect biological age, and provide a new tool to calibrate prevention timing and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Ganau
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Istria12, 07100 Sassari, Italy, Italy
| | - Marco Orrù
- Armando Businco Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu, Cagliari 09047, Italy
| | - Matteo Floris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Pier Sergio Saba
- Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Federica Loi
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D Sanna
- Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Michele Marongiu
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Lenuta Balaci
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Niccolò Curreli
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Liana A P Ferreli
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Francesco Loi
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Marco Masala
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Guido Parodi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Istria12, 07100 Sassari, Italy, Italy
| | - Alessandro P Delitala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Istria12, 07100 Sassari, Italy, Italy
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics & Genomics, NIH/National Institute of Ageing, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edward Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, NIH/National Institute of Ageing, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edoardo Fiorillo
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
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Sun Z, Xu Z, Yu K, Sun H, Lin Y, Zhu Z, Zhu Y, Zhang J. Moxibustion for declined cardiorespiratory fitness of apparently healthy older adults: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301673. [PMID: 38593172 PMCID: PMC11003611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging and age-related declines lead to varying degrees of decreased cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in apparently healthy older adults. Exercise training, the primary approach for enhancing CRF, encounters several constraints when used with elderly individuals. Existing evidence implies that moxibustion might enhance the CRF of older adults. However, clinical research in this area still needs to be improved. METHODS This study will employ a randomized, assessor-blinded, controlled trial design involving 126 eligible participants. These participants will be stratified and randomly assigned to one moxibustion group, one sham moxibustion group, and one blank control group. Acupoints of bilateral Zusanli (ST36), Shenque (CV8), and Guanyuan (CV4) are selected for both real and sham moxibustion groups. The treatment will last 60 min per session, 5 sessions a week for 12 weeks. The blank control group will not receive any intervention for CRF improvement. Primary outcomes will be the mean change in peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), anaerobic threshold (AT), and serum central carbon metabolites (CCB) from the baseline to observation points. Secondary outcome measures involve the six-minute walk distance (6MWD), the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), and the Qi and Blood Status Questionnaire (QBSQ). Outcome assessments will be conducted at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 24 as part of the follow-up. Adverse events will be assessed at each visit. DISCUSSION This trial can potentially ascertain moxibustion's effectiveness and safety in enhancing CRF among apparently healthy older adults. TRAIL REGISTRATION ChiCTR, ChiCTR2300070303. Registered on April 08, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Sun
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuang Yu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitian Sun
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiren Lin
- Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zilong Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Tan MC, Yeo YH, Ang QX, Kiwan C, Fatunde O, Lee JZ, Tolat A, Sorajja D. Impact of age on hospital outcomes after catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia. J Arrhythm 2024; 40:317-324. [PMID: 38586842 PMCID: PMC10995587 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The real-world data on the safety profile of ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation among elderly patients is not well-established. This study aimed to evaluate the procedural outcomes among those aged 18-64 years versus those aged ≥65 years who underwent catheter ablation of VT. Method Using the Nationwide Readmissions Database, our study included patients aged ≥18 years who underwent VT catheter ablation between 2017 and 2020. We divided the patients into non-elderly (18-64 years old) and elderly age groups (≥65 years old). We then analyzed the in-hospital procedural outcome and 30-day readmission between these two groups. Results Our study included 2075 (49.1%) non-elderly patients and 2153 (50.9%) elderly patients who underwent VT ablation. Post-procedurally, elderly patients had significantly higher rates of prolonged index hospitalization (≥7 days; 35.5% vs. 29.3%, p < .01), non-home discharge (13.4% vs. 6.0%, p < .01), 30-day readmission (17.0% vs. 11.4%, p < .01), and early mortality (5.5% vs. 2.4%, p < .01). There was no significant difference in the procedural complications between two groups, namely vascular complications, hemopericardium/cardiac tamponade, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), major bleeding requiring blood transfusion, and systemic embolization. Through multivariable analysis, the elderly group was associated with higher odds of early mortality (OR: 7.50; CI 1.86-30.31, p = .01), non-home discharge (OR: 2.41; CI: 1.93-3.00, p < .01) and 30-day readmission (OR: 1.58; CI 1.32-1.89, p < .01). Conclusion Elderly patients have worse in-hospital outcome, early mortality, non-home discharge, and 30-day readmission following catheter ablation for VT. There was no significant difference between elderly and non-elderly groups in the procedural complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Choon Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineNew York Medical College at Saint Michael's Medical CenterNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Yong Hao Yeo
- Department of Internal Medicine/PediatricsWilliam Beaumont University HospitalRoyal OakMichiganUSA
| | - Qi Xuan Ang
- Department of Internal MedicineSparrow Health System and Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Chrystina Kiwan
- Department of Internal MedicineNew York Medical College at Saint Michael's Medical CenterNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | | | - Justin Z. Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineCleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Aneesh Tolat
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineHartford Healthcare/University of ConnecticutHartfordConnecticutUSA
| | - Dan Sorajja
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
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Vijayakumar A, Wang M, Kailasam S. The Senescent Heart-"Age Doth Wither Its Infinite Variety". Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3581. [PMID: 38612393 PMCID: PMC11011282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. While many factors like smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, a sedentary lifestyle, and genetic factors can predispose to cardiovascular diseases, the natural process of aging is by itself a major determinant of the risk. Cardiac aging is marked by a conglomerate of cellular and molecular changes, exacerbated by age-driven decline in cardiac regeneration capacity. Although the phenotypes of cardiac aging are well characterised, the underlying molecular mechanisms are far less explored. Recent advances unequivocally link cardiovascular aging to the dysregulation of critical signalling pathways in cardiac fibroblasts, which compromises the critical role of these cells in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the myocardium. Clearly, the identification of cardiac fibroblast-specific factors and mechanisms that regulate cardiac fibroblast function in the senescent myocardium is of immense importance. In this regard, recent studies show that Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), a collagen-activated receptor tyrosine kinase predominantly located in cardiac fibroblasts, has an obligate role in cardiac fibroblast function and cardiovascular fibrosis. Incisive studies on the molecular basis of cardiovascular aging and dysregulated fibroblast function in the senescent heart would pave the way for effective strategies to mitigate cardiovascular diseases in a rapidly growing elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Vijayakumar
- Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyothi Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India;
| | - Mingyi Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA;
| | - Shivakumar Kailasam
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Trivandrum 695581, India
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Toro-Román V, Ferrer-Ramos P, Illera-Domínguez V, Pérez-Chirinos C, Fernández-Valdés B. Functionality, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory capacity in the elderly: relationships between functional and physical tests according to sex and age. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1347093. [PMID: 38516209 PMCID: PMC10956101 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1347093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There are several tests that provide information about physical fitness and functionality in older adults. The aims of this study were: (i) to analyze the differences between sex and age in functional, strength and cardiorespiratory tests; and (ii) to study the correlations between functional, strength and cardiorespiratory tests according to sex and age. Methods: A total of 171 older adults (72.09 ± 13.27 kg; 1.59 ± 0.09 m; 72.72 ± 6.05 years) were divided according to sex (men: n = 63; women: n = 108) and age (≥60 <70: n = 65; ≥70 <80: n = 89; ≥80: n = 18). Anthropometry, body composition, upper limb strength (hand grip; HG), lower limb strength (countermovement jump; CMJ), cardiorespiratory capacity (6 min walking test; 6MWT), timed up and go test (TUG) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were assessed. Results: Men showed higher values in CMJ height, HG and expired volume (VE) (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between sexes in TUG and SPPB. Regarding age, there were significant differences in CMJ, VE and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), TUG, gait speed, chair and stand test and SPPB total (p < 0.05). The test times were higher in older people. Regarding correlations, the TUG showed significant correlations in all strength and cardiorespiratory tests, regardless of sex and age. The CMJ correlated more significantly with functional tests compared to HG. Discussion: There were sex and age differences in functional, strength, and cardiorespiratory tests. The execution of quick and low-cost tests such as the CMJ and TUG could provide information on overall physical fitness in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pau Ferrer-Ramos
- Department of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Research Group in Technology Applied to High Performance and Health, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
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Perez V, Zaobornyj T, Vico T, Vanasco V, Marchini T, Godoy E, Alvarez S, Evelson P, Donato M, Gelpi RJ, D'Annunzio V. Middle-age abolishes cardioprotection conferred by thioredoxin-1 in mice. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 753:109880. [PMID: 38171410 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) has cardioprotective effects on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, although its role in ischemic postconditioning (PostC) in middle-aged mice is not understood. This study aimed to evaluate if combining two cardioprotective strategies, such as Trx1 overexpression and PostC, could exert a synergistic effect in reducing infarct size in middle-aged mice. Young or middle-aged wild-type mice (Wt), transgenic mice overexpressing Trx1, and dominant negative (DN-Trx1) mutant of Trx1 mice were used. Mice hearts were subjected to I/R or PostC protocol. Infarct size, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, protein nitration, Trx1 activity, mitochondrial function, and Trx1, pAkt and pGSK3β expression were measured. PostC could not reduce infarct size even in the presence of Trx1 overexpression in middle-aged mice. This finding was accompanied by a lack of Akt and GSK3β phosphorylation, and Trx1 expression (in Wt group). Trx1 activity was diminished and H2O2 production and protein nitration were increased in middle-age. The respiratory control rate dropped after I/R in Wt-Young and PostC restored this value, but not in middle-aged groups. Our results showed that Trx1 plays a key role in the PostC protection mechanism in young but not middle-aged mice, even in the presence of Trx1 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Perez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Patología - Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Argentina
| | - T Zaobornyj
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Argentina
| | - T Vico
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Argentina
| | - V Vanasco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Argentina
| | - T Marchini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Argentina
| | - E Godoy
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Patología - Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Argentina
| | - S Alvarez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Argentina
| | - P Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Argentina
| | - M Donato
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Patología - Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Argentina
| | - R J Gelpi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Patología - Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Argentina
| | - V D'Annunzio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Patología - Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Argentina.
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Esmaeili P, Roshanravan N, Ghaffari S, Mesri Alamdari N, Asghari-Jafarabadi M. Unraveling atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors through conditional probability analysis with Bayesian networks: insights from the AZAR cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4361. [PMID: 38388574 PMCID: PMC10883955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at modelling the underlying predictor of ASCVD through the Bayesian network (BN). Data for the AZAR Cohort Study, which evaluated 500 healthcare providers in Iran, was collected through examinations, and blood samples. Two BNs were used to explore a suitable causal model for analysing the underlying predictor of ASCVD; Bayesian search through an algorithmic approach and knowledge-based BNs. Results showed significant differences in ASCVD risk factors across background variables' levels. The diagnostic indices showed better performance for the knowledge-based BN (Area under ROC curve (AUC) = 0.78, Accuracy = 76.6, Sensitivity = 62.5, Negative predictive value (NPV) = 96.0, Negative Likelihood Ratio (LR-) = 0.48) compared to Bayesian search (AUC = 0.76, Accuracy = 72.4, Sensitivity = 17.5, NPV = 93.2, LR- = 0.83). In addition, we decided on knowledge-based BN because of the interpretability of the relationships. Based on this BN, being male (conditional probability = 63.7), age over 45 (36.3), overweight (51.5), Mets (23.8), diabetes (8.3), smoking (10.6), hypertension (12.1), high T-C (28.5), high LDL-C (23.9), FBS (12.1), and TG (25.9) levels were associated with higher ASCVD risk. Low and normal HDL-C levels also had higher ASCVD risk (35.3 and 37.4), while high HDL-C levels had lower risk (27.3). In conclusion, BN demonstrated that ASCVD was significantly associated with certain risk factors including being older and overweight male, having a history of Mets, diabetes, hypertension, having high levels of T-C, LDL-C, FBS, and TG, but Low and normal HDL-C and being a smoker. The study may provide valuable insights for developing effective prevention strategies for ASCVD in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parya Esmaeili
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia.
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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Ding W, Chen J, Zhao L, Wu S, Chen X, Chen H. Mitochondrial DNA leakage triggers inflammation in age-related cardiovascular diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1287447. [PMID: 38425502 PMCID: PMC10902119 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1287447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of cardiovascular aging. The leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is increased in senescent cells, which are resistant to programmed cell death such as apoptosis. Due to its similarity to prokaryotic DNA, mtDNA could be recognized by cellular DNA sensors and trigger innate immune responses, resulting in chronic inflammatory conditions during aging. The mechanisms include cGAS-STING signaling, TLR-9 and inflammasomes activation. Mitochondrial quality controls such as mitophagy could prevent mitochondria from triggering harmful inflammatory responses, but when this homeostasis is out of balance, mtDNA-induced inflammation could become pathogenic and contribute to age-related cardiovascular diseases. Here, we summarize recent studies on mechanisms by which mtDNA promotes inflammation and aging-related cardiovascular diseases, and discuss the potential value of mtDNA in early screening and as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyue Ding
- Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Syndrome Laboratory, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Singh J, Jackson KL, Tang FS, Fu T, Nowell C, Salimova E, Kiriazis H, Ritchie RH, Head GA, Woodman OL, Qin CX. The pro-resolving mediator, annexin A1 regulates blood pressure, and age-associated changes in cardiovascular function and remodeling. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23457. [PMID: 38318648 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301802r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Aging is associated with chronic, low-level inflammation which may contribute to cardiovascular pathologies such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. This chronic inflammation may be opposed by endogenous mechanisms to limit inflammation, for example, by the actions of annexin A1 (ANXA1), an endogenous glucocorticoid-regulated protein that has anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving activity. We hypothesized the pro-resolving mediator ANXA1 protects against age-induced changes in blood pressure (BP), cardiovascular structure and function, and cardiac senescence. BP was measured monthly in conscious mature (4-month) and middle-aged (12-month) ANXA1-deficient (ANXA1-/- ) and wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Body composition was measured using EchoMRI, and both cardiac and vascular function using ultrasound imaging. Cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and senescence, vascular fibrosis, elastin, and calcification were assessed histologically. Gene expression relevant to structural remodeling, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte senescence were also quantified. In C57BL/6 mice, progression from 4 to 12 months of age did not affect the majority of cardiovascular parameters measured, with the exception of mild cardiac hypertrophy, vascular calcium, and collagen deposition. Interestingly, ANXA1-/- mice exhibited higher BP, regardless of age. Additionally, age progression had a marked impact in ANXA1-/- mice, with markedly augmented vascular remodeling, impaired vascular distensibility, and body composition. Consistent with vascular dysfunction, cardiac dysfunction, and hypertrophy were also evident, together with markers of senescence and inflammation. These findings suggest that endogenous ANXA1 plays a critical role in regulating BP, cardiovascular function, and remodeling and delays cardiac senescence. Our findings support the development of novel ANXA1-based therapies to prevent age-related cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Singh
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristy L Jackson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Feng Shii Tang
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ting Fu
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cameron Nowell
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ekaterina Salimova
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Kiriazis
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Owen L Woodman
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cheng Xue Qin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Frenzel S, Bülow R, Dörr M, Felix SB, Friedrich N, Völzke H, Wittfeld K, Grabe HJ, Bahls M. Left ventricular hypertrophy as a risk factor for accelerated brain aging: Results from the Study of Health in Pomerania. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26567. [PMID: 38391110 PMCID: PMC10885183 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies provided evidence for the importance of cardiac structure abnormalities, in particular greater left ventricular (LV) mass, for brain aging, but longitudinal studies are lacking to date. We included 926 individuals (median age 48 years; 53% women) from the TREND cohort of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) without reduced ejection fraction or a history of myocardial infarction. LV mass index (LVMI) was determined by echocardiography at baseline. Brain morphometric measurements were derived from magnetic resonance images at baseline and 7-year follow-up. Direct effects of baseline LVMI on brain morphometry at follow-up were estimated using linear regression models with adjustment for baseline brain morphometry. At baseline, median LVMI was 40 g/m2.7 and 241 individuals (26%) met the criterion of LV hypertrophy. After correction for multiple testing, baseline LVMI was directly associated with reduced global cortical thickness and increased cortical brain age at follow-up independent from hypertension and blood pressure. Exposure-outcome relations were nonlinear and significantly stronger in the upper half of the exposure distribution. Specifically, an increase in baseline LVMI from the 50% quantile to the 95% quantile was associated additional 2.7 years (95% confidence interval = [1.5 years, 3.8 years]) of cortical brain age at follow-up. Additional regional analyses yielded bilateral effects on multiple frontal cortical regions. Our findings highlight the role of cardiac structure in brain aging. LVMI constitutes an easily measurable marker that might help to identify persons at risk for cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Frenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and NeuroradiologyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine BUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
| | - Stephan B. Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine BUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
- Institute for Community MedicineUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease (DZNE), Partner Site Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease (DZNE), Partner Site Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
| | - Martin Bahls
- Department of Internal Medicine BUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site GreifswaldGreifswaldMecklenburg‐Western PomeraniaGermany
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Leng J, Wang C, Liang Z, Qiu F, Zhang S, Yang Y. An updated review of YAP: A promising therapeutic target against cardiac aging? Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127670. [PMID: 37913886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptional co-activator Yes-associated protein (YAP) functions as a downstream effector of the Hippo signaling pathway and plays a crucial role in cardiomyocyte survival. In its non-phosphorylated activated state, YAP binds to transcription factors, activating the transcription of downstream target genes. It also regulates cell proliferation and survival by selectively binding to enhancers and activating target genes. However, the upregulation of the Hippo pathway in human heart failure inhibits cardiac regeneration and disrupts astrogenesis, thus preventing the nuclear translocation of YAP. Existing literature indicates that the Hippo/YAP axis contributes to inflammation and fibrosis, potentially playing a role in the development of cardiac, vascular and renal injuries. Moreover, it is a key mediator of myofibroblast differentiation and fibrosis in the infarcted heart. Given these insights, can we harness YAP's regenerative potential in a targeted manner? In this review, we provide a detailed discussion of the Hippo signaling pathway and consolidate concepts for the development and intervention of cardiac anti-aging drugs to leverage YAP signaling as a pivotal target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhi Leng
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, China
| | - Chuanzhi Wang
- College of Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhide Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanghui Qiu
- School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, China.
| | - Yuan Yang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, China.
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Hu WS, Chen JY, Liao WY, Chang CH, Chen TS. Regulation of ROS/inflammasome Axis is Essential for Cardiac Regeneration in Aging Rats Receiving Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1393-1401. [PMID: 38031779 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x276612231121065203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is a biological and gradual deterioration of function in living organisms. Aging is one of the risk factors for heart disease. OBJECTIVE Although mesenchymal stem cell transplantation shows potential in heart disease treatment, the relationship between stem cell-based therapy and oxidative stress/inflammasome axis regulation remains unclear. This study hypothesized that intervention of stem cells showed protective effect on heart aging induced by D-galactose through regulation of oxidative stress/inflammasome axis. METHODS An aging animal model was designed to test the above hypothesis. Experimental animals were divided into three groups, including Sham, D-gal (aging rats induced by d-galactose), and D-gal+WJSC (aging rats receiving mesenchymal stem cells). RESULTS Compared to the Sham, the experimental results indicate that structural alteration (HE stain and Masson's Trichrome stain), oxidative stress elevation (increase of TBARS level, expression of gp-91 and suppression of Sirt-1 as well as SOD2), increase of aging marker p53, suppression of cardiogenesis marker Troponin T, and inflammasome related protein markers expression (NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1 beta) were significantly observed in D-gal. In contrast, all pathological pathways were significantly improved in D-gal+WJSC when compared to D-gal. In addition, migration of stem cells to aging heart tissues was observed in the D-gal+WJSC group. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that mesenchymal stem cell transplantation effectively ameliorates aging hearts through oxidative stress/inflammasome axis regulation. The results from this study provide clinical potential for stem cell-based therapy in the treatment of aging hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Syun Hu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40042, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Liao
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 40237, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 40237, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
- College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Sheng Chen
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industries, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
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Webber M, Joy G, Bennett J, Chan F, Falconer D, Shiwani H, Davies RH, Krausz G, Tanackovic S, Guger C, Gonzalez P, Martin E, Wong A, Rapala A, Direk K, Kellman P, Pierce I, Rudy Y, Vijayakumar R, Chaturvedi N, Hughes AD, Moon JC, Lambiase PD, Tao X, Koncar V, Orini M, Captur G. Technical development and feasibility of a reusable vest to integrate cardiovascular magnetic resonance with electrocardiographic imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2023; 25:73. [PMID: 38044439 PMCID: PMC10694972 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-023-00980-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) generates electrophysiological (EP) biomarkers while cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging provides data about myocardial structure, function and tissue substrate. Combining this information in one examination is desirable but requires an affordable, reusable, and high-throughput solution. We therefore developed the CMR-ECGI vest and carried out this technical development study to assess its feasibility and repeatability in vivo. METHODS CMR was prospectively performed at 3T on participants after collecting surface potentials using the locally designed and fabricated 256-lead ECGI vest. Epicardial maps were reconstructed to generate local EP parameters such as activation time (AT), repolarization time (RT) and activation recovery intervals (ARI). 20 intra- and inter-observer and 8 scan re-scan repeatability tests. RESULTS 77 participants were recruited: 27 young healthy volunteers (HV, 38.9 ± 8.5 years, 35% male) and 50 older persons (77.0 ± 0.1 years, 52% male). CMR-ECGI was achieved in all participants using the same reusable, washable vest without complications. Intra- and inter-observer variability was low (correlation coefficients [rs] across unipolar electrograms = 0.99 and 0.98 respectively) and scan re-scan repeatability was high (rs between 0.81 and 0.93). Compared to young HV, older persons had significantly longer RT (296.8 vs 289.3 ms, p = 0.002), ARI (249.8 vs 235.1 ms, p = 0.002) and local gradients of AT, RT and ARI (0.40 vs 0.34 ms/mm, p = 0,01; 0.92 vs 0.77 ms/mm, p = 0.03; and 1.12 vs 0.92 ms/mm, p = 0.01 respectively). CONCLUSION Our high-throughput CMR-ECGI solution is feasible and shows good reproducibility in younger and older participants. This new technology is now scalable for high throughput research to provide novel insights into arrhythmogenesis and potentially pave the way for more personalised risk stratification. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Title: Multimorbidity Life-Course Approach to Myocardial Health-A Cardiac Sub-Study of the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) (MyoFit46). National Clinical Trials (NCT) number: NCT05455125. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05455125?term=MyoFit&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Webber
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Centre for Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, Department of Cardiology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - George Joy
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Jonathan Bennett
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Fiona Chan
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Debbie Falconer
- Centre for Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, Department of Cardiology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Hunain Shiwani
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Rhodri H Davies
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Gunther Krausz
- g.Tec Medical Engineering GmbH, Siernigtrabe 14, 4521, Schiedlberg, Austria
| | | | - Christoph Guger
- g.Tec Medical Engineering GmbH, Siernigtrabe 14, 4521, Schiedlberg, Austria
| | - Pablo Gonzalez
- ELEM Biotech, S.L, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Physense, Universitat Pempeu Fabra, Barcrlona, Spain
| | - Emma Martin
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Andrew Wong
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Alicja Rapala
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Kenan Direk
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Peter Kellman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Iain Pierce
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Yoram Rudy
- Cardiac Bioelectricity and Arrhythmia Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Ramya Vijayakumar
- Cardiac Bioelectricity and Arrhythmia Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Alun D Hughes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - James C Moon
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Pier D Lambiase
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Xuyuan Tao
- École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, 2 allée Louise et Victor Champier, 59056, Roubaix CEDEX 1, France
| | - Vladan Koncar
- École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, 2 allée Louise et Victor Champier, 59056, Roubaix CEDEX 1, France
| | - Michele Orini
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Gabriella Captur
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
- Centre for Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, Department of Cardiology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
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Zhou S, Zhao X, Wu L, Yan R, Sun L, Zhang Q, Gong C, Liu Y, Xiang L, Li S, Wang P, Yang Y, Ren W, Jiang J, Yang Y. Parishin treatment alleviates cardiac aging in naturally aged mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22970. [PMID: 38144278 PMCID: PMC10746429 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac aging progressively decreases physiological function and drives chronic/degenerative aging-related heart diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to postpone the aging process of heart and create products that combat aging. Aims & methods The objective of this study is to examine the effects of parishin, a phenolic glucoside isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Gastrodia elata, on anti-aging and its underlying mechanism. To assess the senescent biomarkers, cardiac function, cardiac weight/body weight ratio, cardiac transcriptomic changes, and cardiac histopathological features, heart tissue samples were obtained from young mice (12 weeks), aged mice (19 months) treated with parishin, and aged mice that were not treated. Results Parishin treatment improved cardiac function, ameliorated aging-induced cardiac injury, hypertrophy, and fibrosis, decreased cardiac senescence biomarkers p16Ink4a, p21Cip1, and IL-6, and increased the "longevity factor" SIRT1 expression in heart tissue. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that parishin treatment alleviated the cardiac aging-related Gja1 downregulation and Cyp2e1, Ccna2, Cdca3, and Fgf12 upregulation in the heart tissues. The correlation analysis suggested a strong connection between the anti-aging effect of parishin and its regulation of gut microbiota and metabolism in the aged intestine. Conclusion The present study demonstrates the protective role and underlying mechanism of parishin against cardiac aging in naturally aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixian Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Xinxiu Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Ren Yan
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Caixia Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Lan Xiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Shumin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Peixia Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Yichen Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Wen Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - JingJin Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Yunmei Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
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Carrick-Ranson G, Howden EJ, Brazile TL, Levine BD, Reading SA. Effects of aging and endurance exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiac structure and function in healthy midlife and older women. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:1215-1235. [PMID: 37855034 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00798.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women in developed societies. Unfavorable structural and functional adaptations within the heart and central blood vessels with sedentary aging in women can act as the substrate for the development of debilitating CVD conditions such as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The large decline in cardiorespiratory fitness, as indicated by maximal or peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2max and V̇o2peak, respectively), that occurs in women as they age significantly affects their health and chronic disease status, as well as the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Midlife and older women who have performed structured endurance exercise training for several years or decades of their adult lives exhibit a V̇o2max and cardiac and vascular structure and function that are on par or even superior to much younger sedentary women. Therefore, regular endurance exercise training appears to be an effective preventative strategy for mitigating the adverse physiological cardiovascular adaptations associated with sedentary aging in women. Herein, we narratively describe the aging and short- and long-term endurance exercise training adaptations in V̇o2max, cardiac structure, and left ventricular systolic and diastolic function at rest and exercise in midlife and older women. The role of circulating estrogens on cardiac structure and function is described for consideration in the timing of exercise interventions to maximize beneficial adaptations. Current research gaps and potential areas for future investigation to advance our understanding in this critical knowledge area are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Carrick-Ranson
- Department of Surgery, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Exercise Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Erin J Howden
- Human Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tiffany L Brazile
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, Texas, United States
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Benjamin D Levine
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, Texas, United States
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Stacey A Reading
- Department of Exercise Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Dai G, Li M, Xu H, Quan N. Status of Research on Sestrin2 and Prospects for its Application in Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Myocardial Aging. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101910. [PMID: 37422038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac aging is accompanied by changes in the heart at the cellular and molecular levels, leading to alterations in cardiac structure and function. Given today's increasingly aging population, the decline in cardiac function caused by cardiac aging has a significant impact on quality of life. Antiaging therapies to slow the aging process and attenuate changes in cardiac structure and function have become an important research topic. Treatment with drugs, including metformin, spermidine, rapamycin, resveratrol, astaxanthin, Huolisu oral liquid, and sulforaphane, has been demonstrated be effective in delaying cardiac aging by stimulating autophagy, delaying ventricular remodeling, and reducing oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. Furthermore, caloric restriction has been shown to play an important role in delaying aging of the heart. Many studies in cardiac aging and cardiac aging-related models have demonstrated that Sestrin2 has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, stimulates autophagy, delays aging, regulates mitochondrial function, and inhibits myocardial remodeling by regulation of relevant signaling pathways. Therefore, Sestrin2 is likely to become an important target for antimyocardial aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoying Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meina Li
- Department of Infection Control, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nanhu Quan
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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42
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Zeng SY, Liu YF, Liu JH, Zeng ZL, Xie H, Liu JH. Potential Effects of Akkermansia Muciniphila in Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: Current Evidence and Perspectives. Aging Dis 2023; 14:2015-2027. [PMID: 37199577 PMCID: PMC10676789 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is an anaerobic bacterium that widely colonizes the mucus layer of the human and animal gut. The role of this symbiotic bacterium in host metabolism, inflammation, and cancer immunotherapy has been extensively investigated over the past 20 years. Recently, a growing number of studies have revealed a link between A. muciniphila, and aging and aging-related diseases (ARDs). Research in this area is gradually shifting from correlation analysis to exploration of causal relationships. Here, we systematically reviewed the association of A. muciniphila with aging and ARDs (including vascular degeneration, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes). Furthermore, we summarize the potential mechanisms of action of A. muciniphila and offer perspectives for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Yi-Fu Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jiang-Hua Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhao-Lin Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Jiang-Hua Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
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43
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Li J, Xin Y, Wang Z, Li J, Li W, Li H. The role of cardiac resident macrophage in cardiac aging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e14008. [PMID: 37817547 PMCID: PMC10726886 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in longevity research have provided insights into the impact of cardiac aging on the structural and functional aspects of the heart. Notable changes include the gradual remodeling of the myocardium, the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy, and the decline in both systolic and diastolic functions. Macrophages, a type of immune cell, play a pivotal role in innate immunity by serving as vigilant agents against pathogens, facilitating wound healing, and orchestrating the development of targeted acquired immune responses. Distinct subsets of macrophages are present within the cardiac tissue and demonstrate varied functions in response to myocardial injury. The differentiation of cardiac macrophages according to their developmental origin has proven to be a valuable strategy in identifying reparative macrophage populations, which originate from embryonic cells and reside within the tissue, as well as inflammatory macrophages, which are derived from monocytes and recruited to the heart. These subsets of macrophages possess unique characteristics and perform distinct functions. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the roles and phenotypes of cardiac macrophages in various conditions, including the steady state, aging, and other pathological conditions. Additionally, it will highlight areas that require further investigation to expand our knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Laboratory for Clinical MedicineBeijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanguo Xin
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Laboratory for Clinical MedicineBeijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhaojia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Laboratory for Clinical MedicineBeijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jingye Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Laboratory for Clinical MedicineBeijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Laboratory for Clinical MedicineBeijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular DiseaseBeijingChina
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44
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Al-Masri A. Apoptosis and long non-coding RNAs: Focus on their roles in Heart diseases. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154889. [PMID: 38238070 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Heart disease is one of the principal death reasons around the world and there is a growing requirement to discover novel healing targets that have the potential to avert or manage these illnesses. On the other hand, apoptosis is a strongly controlled, cell removal procedure that has a crucial part in numerous cardiac problems, such as reperfusion injury, MI (myocardial infarction), consecutive heart failure, and inflammation of myocardium. Completely comprehending the managing procedures of cell death signaling is critical as it is the primary factor that influences patient mortality and morbidity, owing to cardiomyocyte damage. Indeed, the prevention of heart cell death appears to be a viable treatment approach for heart illnesses. According to current researches, a number of long non-coding RNAs cause the heart cells death via different methods that are embroiled in controlling the activity of transcription elements, the pathways that signals transmission within cells, small miRNAs, and the constancy of proteins. When there is too much cell death in the heart, it can cause problems like reduced blood flow, heart damage after restoring blood flow, heart disease in diabetics, and changes in the heart after reduced blood flow. Therefore, studying how lncRNAs control apoptosis could help us find new treatments for heart diseases. In this review, we present recent discoveries about how lncRNAs are involved in causing cell death in different cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al-Masri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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45
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Abdellatif M, Rainer PP, Sedej S, Kroemer G. Hallmarks of cardiovascular ageing. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:754-777. [PMID: 37193857 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00881-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Normal circulatory function is a key determinant of disease-free life expectancy (healthspan). Indeed, pathologies affecting the cardiovascular system, which are growing in prevalence, are the leading cause of global morbidity, disability and mortality, whereas the maintenance of cardiovascular health is necessary to promote both organismal healthspan and lifespan. Therefore, cardiovascular ageing might precede or even underlie body-wide, age-related health deterioration. In this Review, we posit that eight molecular hallmarks are common denominators in cardiovascular ageing, namely disabled macroautophagy, loss of proteostasis, genomic instability (in particular, clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential), epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell senescence, dysregulated neurohormonal signalling and inflammation. We also propose a hierarchical order that distinguishes primary (upstream) from antagonistic and integrative (downstream) hallmarks of cardiovascular ageing. Finally, we discuss how targeting each of the eight hallmarks might be therapeutically exploited to attenuate residual cardiovascular risk in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Peter P Rainer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
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46
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Petrescu A, Voigt JU. [Echocardiography with high frame rates in the clinical practice : Principles, applications and perspectives]. Herz 2023; 48:339-351. [PMID: 37530782 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-023-05199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Continuous developments in cardiovascular imaging, software and hardware have led to technological advancements that open new ways for assessing myocardial mechanics, hemodynamics, and function. Through new scan modalities, echocardiographic scanners can nowadays achieve very high frame rates up to 5000 frames s-1 which enables a wide variety of new applications, including shear wave elastography, ultrafast speckle tracking, the visualization of intracardiac blood flow and myocardial perfusion imaging. This review provides an overview of these advances and demonstrates possible applications and their potential added value in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Petrescu
- Abteilung für Kardiologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Jens-Uwe Voigt
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgien.
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Ye Y, Yang K, Liu H, Yu Y, Song M, Huang D, Lei J, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Chu Q, Fan Y, Zhang S, Jing Y, Esteban CR, Wang S, Belmonte JCI, Qu J, Zhang W, Liu GH. SIRT2 counteracts primate cardiac aging via deacetylation of STAT3 that silences CDKN2B. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1269-1287. [PMID: 37783815 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor contributing to pathophysiological changes in the heart, yet its intrinsic mechanisms have been largely unexplored in primates. In this study, we investigated the hypertrophic and senescence phenotypes in the hearts of aged cynomolgus monkeys as well as the transcriptomic and proteomic landscapes of young and aged primate hearts. SIRT2 was identified as a key protein decreased in aged monkey hearts, and engineered SIRT2 deficiency in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes recapitulated key senescence features of primate heart aging. Further investigations revealed that loss of SIRT2 in human cardiomyocytes led to the hyperacetylation of STAT3, which transcriptionally activated CDKN2B and, in turn, triggered cardiomyocyte degeneration. Intra-myocardial injection of lentiviruses expressing SIRT2 ameliorated age-related cardiac dysfunction in mice. Taken together, our study provides valuable resources for decoding primate cardiac aging and identifies the SIRT2-STAT3-CDKN2B regulatory axis as a potential therapeutic target against human cardiac aging and aging-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haisong Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Moshi Song
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daoyuan Huang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghui Lei
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanling Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaobin Jing
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Si Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Serio S, Pagiatakis C, Musolino E, Felicetta A, Carullo P, Laura Frances J, Papa L, Rozzi G, Salvarani N, Miragoli M, Gornati R, Bernardini G, Condorelli G, Papait R. Cardiac Aging Is Promoted by Pseudohypoxia Increasing p300-Induced Glycolysis. Circ Res 2023; 133:687-703. [PMID: 37681309 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is typical in the elderly. Metabolic remodeling of cardiomyocytes underlies inexorable deterioration of cardiac function with aging: glycolysis increases at the expense of oxidative phosphorylation, causing an energy deficit contributing to impaired contractility. Better understanding of the mechanisms of this metabolic switching could be critical for reversing the condition. METHODS To investigate the role of 3 histone modifications (H3K27ac, H3K27me3, and H3K4me1) in the metabolic remodeling occurring in the aging heart, we cross-compared epigenomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic data from mice of different ages. In addition, the role of the transcriptional coactivator p300 (E1A-associated binding protein p300)/CBP (CREB binding protein) in cardiac aging was investigated using a specific inhibitor of this histone acetyltransferase enzyme. RESULTS We report a set of species-conserved enhancers associated with transcriptional changes underlying age-related metabolic remodeling in cardiomyocytes. Activation of the enhancer region of Hk2-a key glycolysis pathway gene-was fostered in old age-onset mouse heart by pseudohypoxia, wherein hypoxia-related genes are expressed under normal O2 levels, via increased activity of P300/CBP. Pharmacological inhibition of this transcriptional coactivator before the onset of cardiac aging led to a more aerobic, less glycolytic, metabolic state, improved heart contractility, and overall blunting of cardiac decline. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest how epigenetic dysregulation of glycolysis pathway enhancers could potentially be targeted to treat heart failure in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Serio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy (S.S., G.C.)
| | - Christina Pagiatakis
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy (C.P., E.M., R.G., G.B., R.P.)
| | - Elettra Musolino
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy (C.P., E.M., R.G., G.B., R.P.)
| | - Arianna Felicetta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
| | - Pierluigi Carullo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
| | - Javier Laura Frances
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
| | - Laura Papa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
| | - Giacomo Rozzi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
| | - Nicolò Salvarani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UOS of Milan, National Research Council of Italy (N.S.)
| | - Michele Miragoli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy (M.M.)
| | - Rosalba Gornati
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy (C.P., E.M., R.G., G.B., R.P.)
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy (C.P., E.M., R.G., G.B., R.P.)
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy (S.S., G.C.)
| | - Roberto Papait
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy (S.S., C.P., A.F., P.C., J.L.F., L.P., G.R., N.S., M.M., G.C., R.P.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy (C.P., E.M., R.G., G.B., R.P.)
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Culberson JW, Kopel J, Sehar U, Reddy PH. Urgent needs of caregiving in ageing populations with Alzheimer's disease and other chronic conditions: Support our loved ones. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102001. [PMID: 37414157 PMCID: PMC10756323 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The ageing process begins at birth. It is a life-long process, and its exact origins are still unknown. Several hypotheses attempt to describe the normal ageing process, including hormonal imbalance, formation of reactive oxygen species, DNA methylation & DNA damage accumulation, loss of proteostasis, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, senescence, inflammation, and stem cell depletion. With increased lifespan in elderly individuals, the prevalence of age-related diseases including, cancer, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, Parkinson's, and other mental illnesses are increased. These increased age-related illnesses, put tremendous pressure & burden on caregivers, family members, and friends who are living with patients with age-related diseases. As medical needs evolve, the caregiver is expected to experience an increase in duties and challenges, which may result in stress on themselves, and impact their own family life. In the current article, we assess the biological mechanisms of ageing and its effect on body systems, exploring lifestyle and ageing, with a specific focus on age-related disorders. We also discussed the history of caregiving and specific challenges faced by caregivers in the presence of multiple comorbidities. We also assessed innovative approaches to funding caregiving, and efforts to improve the medical system to better organize chronic care efforts, while improving the skill and efficiency of both informal and formal caregivers. We also discussed the role of caregiving in end-of-life care. Our critical analysis strongly suggests that there is an urgent need for caregiving in aged populations and support from local, state, and federal agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Culberson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Kopel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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50
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Kuntic M, Kuntic I, Hahad O, Lelieveld J, Münzel T, Daiber A. Impact of air pollution on cardiovascular aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 214:111857. [PMID: 37611809 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The world population is aging rapidly, and by some estimates, the number of people older than 60 will double in the next 30 years. With the increase in life expectancy, adverse effects of environmental exposures start playing a more prominent role in human health. Air pollution is now widely considered the most detrimental of all environmental risk factors, with some studies estimating that almost 20% of all deaths globally could be attributed to poor air quality. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and will continue to account for the most significant percentage of non-communicable disease burden. Cardiovascular aging with defined pathomechanisms is a major trigger of cardiovascular disease in old age. Effects of environmental risk factors on cardiovascular aging should be considered in order to increase the health span and reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in older populations. In this review, we explore the effects of air pollution on cardiovascular aging, from the molecular mechanisms to cardiovascular manifestations of aging and, finally, the age-related cardiovascular outcomes. We also explore the distinction between the effects of air pollution on healthy aging and disease progression. Future efforts should focus on extending the health span rather than the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Kuntic
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ivana Kuntic
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jos Lelieveld
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Atmospheric Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Andreas Daiber
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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