1
|
Zhan X, Yang Y, Li Q, He F. The role of deubiquitinases in cardiac disease. Expert Rev Mol Med 2024; 26:e3. [PMID: 38525836 PMCID: PMC11062144 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2024.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Deubiquitinases are a group of proteins that identify and digest monoubiquitin chains or polyubiquitin chains attached to substrate proteins, preventing the substrate protein from being degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Deubiquitinases regulate cellular autophagy, metabolism and oxidative stress by acting on different substrate proteins. Recent studies have revealed that deubiquitinases act as a critical regulator in various cardiac diseases, and control the onset and progression of cardiac disease through a board range of mechanism. This review summarizes the function of different deubiquitinases in cardiac disease, including cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus-related cardiac disease. Besides, this review briefly recapitulates the role of deubiquitinases modulators in cardiac disease, providing the potential therapeutic targets in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gopal K, Karwi QG, Tabatabaei Dakhili SA, Wagg CS, Zhang L, Sun Q, Saed CT, Panidarapu S, Perfetti R, Ramasamy R, Ussher JR, Lopaschuk GD. Aldose reductase inhibition alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy and is associated with a decrease in myocardial fatty acid oxidation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:73. [PMID: 36978133 PMCID: PMC10053619 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01811-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, are major causes of death in people with type 2 diabetes. Aldose reductase activity is enhanced in hyperglycemic conditions, leading to altered cardiac energy metabolism and deterioration of cardiac function with adverse remodeling. Because disturbances in cardiac energy metabolism can promote cardiac inefficiency, we hypothesized that aldose reductase inhibition may mitigate diabetic cardiomyopathy via normalization of cardiac energy metabolism. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice (8-week-old) were subjected to experimental type 2 diabetes/diabetic cardiomyopathy (high-fat diet [60% kcal from lard] for 10 weeks with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (75 mg/kg) at 4 weeks), following which animals were randomized to treatment with either vehicle or AT-001, a next-generation aldose reductase inhibitor (40 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks. At study completion, hearts were perfused in the isolated working mode to assess energy metabolism. RESULTS Aldose reductase inhibition by AT-001 treatment improved diastolic function and cardiac efficiency in mice subjected to experimental type 2 diabetes. This attenuation of diabetic cardiomyopathy was associated with decreased myocardial fatty acid oxidation rates (1.15 ± 0.19 vs 0.5 ± 0.1 µmol min-1 g dry wt-1 in the presence of insulin) but no change in glucose oxidation rates compared to the control group. In addition, cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy were also mitigated via AT-001 treatment in mice with diabetic cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS Inhibiting aldose reductase activity ameliorates diastolic dysfunction in mice with experimental type 2 diabetes, which may be due to the decline in myocardial fatty acid oxidation, indicating that treatment with AT-001 may be a novel approach to alleviate diabetic cardiomyopathy in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Gopal
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Seyed Amirhossein Tabatabaei Dakhili
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cory S Wagg
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Qiuyu Sun
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Christina T Saed
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sai Panidarapu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John R Ussher
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aksoy O, Hantusch B, Kenner L. Emerging role of T3-binding protein μ-crystallin (CRYM) in health and disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:804-816. [PMID: 36344381 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are essential metabolic and developmental regulators that exert a huge variety of effects in different organs. Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) are synthesized in the thyroid gland and constitute unique iodine-containing hormones that are constantly regulated by a homeostatic feedback mechanism. T3/T4 activity in cells is mainly determined by specific transporters, cytosolic binding proteins, deiodinases (DIOs), and nuclear receptors. Modulation of intracellular T3/T4 level contributes to the maintenance of this regulatory feedback. μ-Crystallin (CRYM) is an important intracellular high-affinity T3-binding protein that buffers the amount of T3 freely available in the cytosol, thereby controlling its action. In this review, we focus on the molecular and pathological properties of CRYM in thyroid hormone signaling, with emphasis on its critical role in malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osman Aksoy
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Hantusch
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria; Unit for Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied Metabolomics (CDL-AM), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jannapureddy S, Sharma M, Yepuri G, Schmidt AM, Ramasamy R. Aldose Reductase: An Emerging Target for Development of Interventions for Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:636267. [PMID: 33776930 PMCID: PMC7992003 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.636267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite numerous treatments for cardiovascular disease (CVD), for patients with diabetes, these therapies provide less benefit for protection from CVD. These considerations spur the concept that diabetes-specific, disease-modifying therapies are essential to identify especially as the diabetes epidemic continues to expand. In this context, high levels of blood glucose stimulate the flux via aldose reductase (AR) pathway leading to metabolic and signaling changes in cells of the cardiovascular system. In animal models flux via AR in hearts is increased by diabetes and ischemia and its inhibition protects diabetic and non-diabetic hearts from ischemia-reperfusion injury. In mouse models of diabetic atherosclerosis, human AR expression accelerates progression and impairs regression of atherosclerotic plaques. Genetic studies have revealed that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ALD2 (human AR gene) is associated with diabetic complications, including cardiorenal complications. This Review presents current knowledge regarding the roles for AR in the causes and consequences of diabetic cardiovascular disease and the status of AR inhibitors in clinical trials. Studies from both human subjects and animal models are presented to highlight the breadth of evidence linking AR to the cardiovascular consequences of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to summarize the state of big data analyses in the study of heart failure (HF). We discuss the use of big data in the HF space, focusing on "omics" and clinical data. We address some limitations of this data, as well as their future potential. RECENT FINDINGS Omics are providing insight into plasmal and myocardial molecular profiles in HF patients. The introduction of single cell and spatial technologies is a major advance that will reshape our understanding of cell heterogeneity and function as well as tissue architecture. Clinical data analysis focuses on HF phenotyping and prognostic modeling. Big data approaches are increasingly common in HF research. The use of methods designed for big data, such as machine learning, may help elucidate the biology underlying HF. However, important challenges remain in the translation of this knowledge into improvements in clinical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan D Lanzer
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Internal Medicine II, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca T Levinson
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Internal Medicine II, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Joint Research Centre for Computational Biomedicine (JRC-COMBINE), Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Badolia R, Ramadurai DKA, Abel ED, Ferrin P, Taleb I, Shankar TS, Krokidi AT, Navankasattusas S, McKellar SH, Yin M, Kfoury AG, Wever-Pinzon O, Fang JC, Selzman CH, Chaudhuri D, Rutter J, Drakos SG. The Role of Nonglycolytic Glucose Metabolism in Myocardial Recovery Upon Mechanical Unloading and Circulatory Support in Chronic Heart Failure. Circulation 2020; 142:259-274. [PMID: 32351122 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.044452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant improvements in myocardial structure and function have been reported in some patients with advanced heart failure (termed responders [R]) following left ventricular assist device (LVAD)-induced mechanical unloading. This therapeutic strategy may alter myocardial energy metabolism in a manner that reverses the deleterious metabolic adaptations of the failing heart. Specifically, our previous work demonstrated a post-LVAD dissociation of glycolysis and oxidative-phosphorylation characterized by induction of glycolysis without subsequent increase in pyruvate oxidation through the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The underlying mechanisms responsible for this dissociation are not well understood. We hypothesized that the accumulated glycolytic intermediates are channeled into cardioprotective and repair pathways, such as the pentose-phosphate pathway and 1-carbon metabolism, which may mediate myocardial recovery in R. METHODS We prospectively obtained paired left ventricular apical myocardial tissue from nonfailing donor hearts as well as R and nonresponders at LVAD implantation (pre-LVAD) and transplantation (post-LVAD). We conducted protein expression and metabolite profiling and evaluated mitochondrial structure using electron microscopy. RESULTS Western blot analysis shows significant increase in rate-limiting enzymes of pentose-phosphate pathway and 1-carbon metabolism in post-LVAD R (post-R) as compared with post-LVAD nonresponders (post-NR). The metabolite levels of these enzyme substrates, such as sedoheptulose-6-phosphate (pentose phosphate pathway) and serine and glycine (1-carbon metabolism) were also decreased in Post-R. Furthermore, post-R had significantly higher reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate levels, reduced reactive oxygen species levels, improved mitochondrial density, and enhanced glycosylation of the extracellular matrix protein, α-dystroglycan, all consistent with enhanced pentose-phosphate pathway and 1-carbon metabolism that correlated with the observed myocardial recovery. CONCLUSIONS The recovering heart appears to direct glycolytic metabolites into pentose-phosphate pathway and 1-carbon metabolism, which could contribute to cardioprotection by generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate to enhance biosynthesis and by reducing oxidative stress. These findings provide further insights into mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effect of glycolysis induction during the recovery of failing human hearts after mechanical unloading.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Badolia
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.).,Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| | - Dinesh K A Ramadurai
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.)
| | - E Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City (E.D.A.)
| | - Peter Ferrin
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.)
| | - Iosif Taleb
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.).,Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| | - Thirupura S Shankar
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.)
| | - Aspasia Thodou Krokidi
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.)
| | - Sutip Navankasattusas
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.)
| | - Stephen H McKellar
- Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| | - Michael Yin
- Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| | - Abdallah G Kfoury
- Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| | - Omar Wever-Pinzon
- Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| | - James C Fang
- Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| | - Craig H Selzman
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.).,Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| | - Dipayan Chaudhuri
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.)
| | - Jared Rutter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salt Lake City (J.R.)
| | - Stavros G Drakos
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (R.B., D.K.A.R., P.F., I.T., T.S.S., A.T.K., S.N., C.H.S., D.C., S.G.D.).,Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals Cardiac Transplant Program, University of Utah Healthcare and School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake VA Health Care System, Salt Lake City (R.B., I.T., S.H.M., M.Y., A.G.K., O.W.-P., J.C.F., C.H.S., S.G.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo Q, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Jin J, Pang S, Wu X, Zhang W, Bi X, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Jiang F. Genome-wide translational reprogramming of genes important for myocyte functions in overload-induced heart failure. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165649. [PMID: 31870714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide changes in gene translational efficiency during the development of heart failure are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that aberrant changes in translational efficiency of cardiac genes are associated with the development of myocyte decompensation in response to persistent stress stimuli. We demonstrated that chronic pressure overload in mice resulted in a genome-wide reprogramming of translational efficiency, with >50% of the translatome exhibiting decreased translational efficiencies during the transition from myocardial compensation to decompensation. Importantly, these translationally repressed genes included those involved in angiogenesis and energy metabolism. Moreover, we showed that the stress-induced translational reprogramming was accompanied by persistent activation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)-mediated stress response pathway. Counteracting the endogenous eIF2α functions by cardiac-specific overexpression of an eIF2α-S51A mutant ameliorated the development of myocyte decompensation, with concomitant improvements in translation of cardiac functional genes and increases in angiogenic responses. These data suggest that the mismatch between transcription and translation of the cardiac genes with essential functions may represent a novel molecular mechanism underlying the development of myocyte decompensation in response to chronic stress stimuli, and the eIF2α pathway may be a viable therapeutic target for recovering the optimal translation of the repressed cardiac genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shucui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiajia Jin
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shu Pang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Bi
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Fan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dai B, Li H, Fan J, Zhao Y, Yin Z, Nie X, Wang DW, Chen C. MiR-21 protected against diabetic cardiomyopathy induced diastolic dysfunction by targeting gelsolin. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:123. [PMID: 30180843 PMCID: PMC6122727 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity across the world. Over 50% of deaths among diabetic patients are caused by cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac diastolic dysfunction is one of the key early signs of diabetic cardiomyopathy, which often occurs before systolic dysfunction. However, no drug is currently licensed for its treatment. Methods Type 9 adeno-associated virus combined with cardiac Troponin T promoter were employed to manipulate miR-21 expression in the leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. Cardiac structure and functions were measured by echocardiography and hemodynamic examinations. Primary cardiomyocytes and cardiomyocyte cell lines were used to perform gain/loss-of-function assays in vitro. Results We observed a significant reduction of miR-21 in the diastolic dysfunctional heart of db/db mice. Remarkably, delivery of miR-21 efficiently protected against the early impairment in cardiac diastolic dysfunction, represented by decreased ROS production, increased bioavailable NO and relieved diabetes-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in db/db mice. Through bioinformatic analysis and Ago2 co-immunoprecipitation, we identified that miR-21 directly targeted gelsolin, a member of the actin-binding proteins, which acted as a transcriptional cofactor in signal transduction. Moreover, down-regulation of gelsolin by siRNA also attenuated the early phase of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Conclusion Our findings reveal a new role of miR-21 in attenuating diabetic cardiomyopathy by targeting gelsolin, and provide a molecular basis for developing a miRNA-based therapy against diabetic cardiomyopathy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-018-0767-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Dai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiang Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Edhager AV, Povlsen JA, Løfgren B, Bøtker HE, Palmfeldt J. Proteomics of the Rat Myocardium during Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Reveals Progressive Alterations in Major Metabolic Pathways. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2521-2532. [PMID: 29847139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Congestive heart failure and poor clinical outcome after myocardial infarction are known complications in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Protein alterations may be involved in the mechanisms underlying these disarrays in the diabetic heart. Here we map proteins involved in intracellular metabolic pathways in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat heart as T2DM develops using MS based proteomics. The prediabetic state only induced minor pathway changes, whereas onset and late T2DM caused pronounced perturbations. Two actin-associated proteins, ARPC2 and TPM3, were up-regulated at the prediabetic state indicating increased actin dynamics. All differentially regulated proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism, both peroxisomal and mitochondrial, were up-regulated at late T2DM, whereas enzymes of branched chain amino acid degradation were all down-regulated. At both onset and late T2DM, two members of the serine protease inhibitor superfamily, SERPINA3K and SERPINA3L, were down-regulated. Furthermore, we found alterations in proteins involved in clearance of advanced glycation end-products and lipotoxicity, DCXR and CBR1, at both onset and late T2DM. These proteins deserve elucidation with regard to their role in T2DM pathogenesis and their respective role in the deterioration of the diabetic heart. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD009538, PXD009554, and PXD009555.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Valdemar Edhager
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine , Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital , 8200 , Aarhus N , Denmark
| | | | - Bo Løfgren
- Department of Cardiology , Aarhus University Hospital , 8200 , Aarhus N , Denmark.,Institute for Experimental Clinical Research , Aarhus University , 8000 , Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Hans Erik Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology , Aarhus University Hospital , 8200 , Aarhus N , Denmark
| | - Johan Palmfeldt
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine , Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital , 8200 , Aarhus N , Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Baba SP, Zhang D, Singh M, Dassanayaka S, Xie Z, Jagatheesan G, Zhao J, Schmidtke VK, Brittian KR, Merchant ML, Conklin DJ, Jones SP, Bhatnagar A. Deficiency of aldose reductase exacerbates early pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction and autophagy in mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 118:183-192. [PMID: 29627295 PMCID: PMC6205513 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is associated with the accumulation of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes such as 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal (HNE) and acrolein in the heart. These aldehydes are metabolized via several pathways, of which aldose reductase (AR) represents a broad-specificity route for their elimination. We tested the hypothesis that by preventing aldehyde removal, AR deficiency accentuates the pathological effects of transverse aortic constriction (TAC). We found that the levels of AR in the heart were increased in mice subjected to TAC for 2 weeks. In comparison with wild-type (WT), AR-null mice showed lower ejection fraction, which was exacerbated 2 weeks after TAC. Levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and myosin heavy chain were higher in AR-null than in WT TAC hearts. Deficiency of AR decreased urinary levels of the acrolein metabolite, 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid. Deletion of AR did not affect the levels of the other aldehyde-metabolizing enzyme - aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 in the heart, or its urinary product - (N-Acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-l-cystiene). AR-null hearts subjected to TAC showed increased accumulation of HNE- and acrolein-modified proteins, as well as increased AMPK phosphorylation and autophagy. Superfusion with HNE led to a greater increase in p62, LC3II formation, and GFP-LC3-II punctae formation in AR-null than WT cardiac myocytes. Pharmacological inactivation of JNK decreased HNE-induced autophagy in AR-null cardiac myocytes. Collectively, these results suggest that during hypertrophy the accumulation of lipid peroxidation derived aldehydes promotes pathological remodeling via excessive autophagy, and that metabolic detoxification of these aldehydes by AR may be essential for maintaining cardiac function during early stages of pressure overload.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid P Baba
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.
| | - Deqing Zhang
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Sujith Dassanayaka
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Zhengzhi Xie
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Ganapathy Jagatheesan
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Virginia K Schmidtke
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Kenneth R Brittian
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Michael L Merchant
- Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension and the Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Steven P Jones
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bond AR, Iacobazzi D, Abdul-Ghani S, Ghorbel MT, Heesom KJ, George SJ, Caputo M, Suleiman MS, Tulloh RM. The cardiac proteome in patients with congenital ventricular septal defect: A comparative study between right atria and right ventricles. J Proteomics 2018; 191:107-113. [PMID: 29572163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Right ventricle (RV) remodelling occurs in neonatal patients born with ventricular septal defect (VSD). The presence of a defect between the two ventricles allows for shunting of blood from the left to right side. The resulting RV hypertrophy leads to molecular remodelling which has thus far been largely investigated using right atrial (RA) tissue. In this study we used proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis in order to determine any difference between the proteomes for RA and RV. Samples were therefore taken from the RA and RV of five infants (0.34 ± 0.05 years, mean ± SEM) with VSD who were undergoing cardiac surgery to repair the defect. Significant differences in protein expression between RV and RA were seen. 150 protein accession numbers were identified which were significantly lower in the atria, whereas none were significantly higher in the atria compared to the ventricle. 19 phosphorylation sites (representing 19 phosphoproteins) were also lower in RA. This work has identified differences in the proteome between RA and RV which reflect differences in contractile activity and metabolism. As such, caution should be used when drawing conclusions based on analysis of the RA and extrapolating to the hypertrophied RV. SIGNIFICANCE: RV hypertrophy occurs in neonatal patients born with VSD. Very little is known about how the atria responds to RV hypertrophy, especially at the protein level. Access to tissue from age-matched groups of patients is very rare, and we are in the unique position of being able to get tissue from both the atria and ventricle during reparative surgery of these infants. Our findings will be beneficial to future research into heart chamber malformations in congenital heart defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Bond
- Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - D Iacobazzi
- Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - S Abdul-Ghani
- Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - M T Ghorbel
- Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - K J Heesom
- Proteomics Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - S J George
- Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - M Caputo
- Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom; Department of Congenital Heart Disease, King David Building, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, United Kingdom
| | - M-S Suleiman
- Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - R M Tulloh
- Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom; Department of Congenital Heart Disease, King David Building, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He H, Hu ZG, Tserennadmid S, Chen S, Liu XL. Novel Muscle-Specific Genes TCAP, TNNI1, and FHL1 in Cattle: SNVs, Linkage Disequilibrium, Combined Genotypes, Association Analysis of Growth Performance, and Carcass Quality Traits and Expression Studies. Anim Biotechnol 2017; 29:259-268. [PMID: 29095095 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1377084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
TCAP, TNNI1, and FHL1 regulate muscle growth and development. In this study, four single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were discovered in almost all of the exon and intron regions of the TCAP, TNNI1, and FHL1 genes using DNA pooled sequencing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-RFLP, and forced-PCR-RFLP methods in 576 cattle. Four SNVs were significantly associated with the growth performance and carcass quality traits of the cattle. In addition, the haplotype, haplotype frequency, and linkage disequilibrium coefficient of three sequence variants were also evaluated in the cattle population. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that eight haplotypes were present in the Qinchuan cattle population and no haplotypes were present in the Chinese Holstein population; haplotype 1 had the highest frequency in the Qinchuan (42.7%) population. Statistical analyses of 12 combined genotypes indicated that some were significantly associated with the growth performance and carcass quality traits of the Qinchuan cattle population. Moreover, the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results demonstrated that the bovine TCAP, TNNI1, and FHL1 genes were exclusively expressed in muscle tissue. These data support the high potentials of the TCAP, TNNI1, and FHL1 as marker genes to improve the growth performance and carcass quality traits of Qinchuan cattle or other animals selection programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua He
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yangling , Shaanxi , China.,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yangling , Shaanxi , China
| | - Zhi-Gang Hu
- b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yangling , Shaanxi , China
| | - Sodnompil Tserennadmid
- b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yangling , Shaanxi , China
| | - Si Chen
- b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yangling , Shaanxi , China
| | - Xiao-Lin Liu
- b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yangling , Shaanxi , China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fung G, Wong J, Berhe F, Mohamud Y, Xue YC, Luo H. Phosphorylation and degradation of αB-crystallin during enterovirus infection facilitates viral replication and induces viral pathogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74767-74780. [PMID: 29088822 PMCID: PMC5650377 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein quality control (PQC) plays a key role in maintaining cardiomyocyte function and homeostasis, and malfunction in PQC is implicated in various forms of heart diseases. Molecular chaperones serve as the primary checkpoint for PQC; however, their roles in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis, an inflammation of the myocardium caused by viral infection, are largely unknown. AlphaB-crystallin (CryAB) is the most abundant chaperone protein in the heart. It interacts with desmin and cytoplasmic actin to prevent protein misfolding and aggregation and to help maintain cytoskeletal integrity and cardiac function. Here we showed that coxsackievirus infection induced desminopathy-like phenotype of the myocardium, as characterized by the accumulation of protein aggregates and the disruption of desmin organization. We further demonstrated that CryAB was phosphorylated during early and downregulated at later stages of infection. Moreover, we showed that phosphorylated CryAB had a shorter half-life and was targeted to the ubiquitin-proteasome system for degradation. Lastly, we found that overexpression of CryAB significantly attenuated viral protein production and progeny release, indicating an anti-viral function for CryAB. Together, our results suggest a mechanism by which coxsackieviral infection induces CryAB degradation and loss-of-function, resulting in desmin aggregation, ultimately contributing to compromised cytoskeletal integrity and viral cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Fung
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jerry Wong
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Feaven Berhe
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yasir Mohamud
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yuan Chao Xue
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Honglin Luo
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sinha KK, Peddada N, Jha PK, Mishra A, Pandey K, Das VNR, Ashish, Das P. Plasma Gelsolin Level in HIV-1-Infected Patients: An Indicator of Disease Severity. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33:254-260. [PMID: 27700141 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2016.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is a multifunctional protein involved mainly in severing and clearing of actin filaments. Its level correlates with inflammation and several diseases making it a potential biomarker of diagnostic and prognostic values. The pGSN level in groups of treated and untreated HIV-1-infected Indian patients is investigated in this study. This study aims at investigating the levels of pGSN in HIV-1-infected patients across different age, sex, severity of disease, and treatment status. Blood samples of 213 patients were analyzed for CD4 counts by flow cytometry and pGSN was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of pGSN is significantly increased in HIV-1 infected patients (227.2 ± 54.3 μg/ml) compared to healthy volunteers (167.9 ± 61.8 μg/ml). The level correlates with CD4 cell counts as patients with lower CD4 counts showed higher pGSN levels and vice versa. Gender does not affect pGSN level; however, antiretroviral (ARV) treatment reduces pGSN toward normal. Within low CD4 cell count group, the untreated patients have 52% higher pGSN than healthy volunteers, whereas with treatment, the difference reduces to 24%. Similarly, high CD4 cell count (>350 cells/mm3) group of patients showed 44% increase in pGSN in untreated patients compared to 21% increase in treated patients. There is an upregulation of pGSN in HIV-1 infection and it is inversely correlated with CD4 cell counts. Treatment with ARV drugs decreases pGSN levels toward normal. The monitoring of pGSN level in HIV-1-infected patients could be an important indicator of severity of disease and recovery during treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kislay Kumar Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, India
| | - Nagesh Peddada
- Protein Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pravin Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, India
| | - Anshul Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, India
| | - Krishna Pandey
- Clinical Medicine Division, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Science, Patna, India
| | - Vidya Nand Ravi Das
- Clinical Medicine Division, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Science, Patna, India
| | - Ashish
- Protein Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pradeep Das
- Molecular Biology Division, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Science, Patna, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dhingra R, Vasan RS. Biomarkers in cardiovascular disease: Statistical assessment and section on key novel heart failure biomarkers. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2017; 27:123-133. [PMID: 27576060 PMCID: PMC5253084 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and continues to increase in prevalence compared to previous decades, in part because of the aging of the world population. Atherosclerotic CVD starts at a very young age and progresses over time allowing sufficient time for screening and early detection of the condition. Advances in biomarker research and developments related to CVD over the past 30 years have led to more sensitive screening methods, a greater emphasis on its early detection and diagnosis, and improved treatments resulting in more favorable clinical outcomes in the community. However, the use of biomarkers for different purposes in CVD remains an important area of research that has been explored by scientists over the years and many new developments are still underway. Therefore, a detailed description of all CVD biomarkers that are currently been used or investigated for future use in the field of cardiovascular medicine is out of scope for any review article. In the present review, we do not intend to replicate the information from previous exhaustive review on biomarkers, but highlight key statistical and clinical issues with an emphasis on methods to evaluate the incremental yield of biomarkers, including their clinical utility, a prerequisite before any putative novel biomarker is utilized in clinical practice. In addition, we will summarize information regarding recent novel heart failure biomarkers in current practice, which are undergoing scrutiny before they can be available for clinical use, and their impact on clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Dhingra
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, E5/582C, MC 5710, Madison, WI 53792.
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, E5/582C, MC 5710, Madison, WI 53792
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pilbrow AP, Lewis KA, Perrin MH, Sweet WE, Moravec CS, Tang WHW, Huising MO, Troughton RW, Cameron VA. Cardiac CRFR1 Expression Is Elevated in Human Heart Failure and Modulated by Genetic Variation and Alternative Splicing. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4865-4874. [PMID: 27754786 PMCID: PMC5133347 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and the CRF-related peptides, urocortin (Ucn)-1, Ucn2, and Ucn3 signal through receptors CRFR1 and CRFR2 to restore homeostasis in response to stress. The Ucns exert potent cardioprotective effects and may have clinical utility in heart failure. To explore the activity of this system in the heart, we measured the levels of myocardial gene expression of the CRF/Ucn family of ligands/receptors and investigated genetic variation and alternative splicing of CRFR1 in 110 heart failure patients and 108 heart donors. Using quantitative real-time PCR, we detected CRFR1, CRFR2, CRF, Ucn1, Ucn2, and Ucn3 in all samples. CRFR2α was the most abundant receptor and Ucn3 the most abundant ligand, both in patients and donors. Compared with donors, cardiac expression of CRFR1, CRF, and Ucn3 was higher (P < .001) and CRFR2α lower (P = .012) in patients. In patients and donors, genetic variation within CRFR1, represented by the chromosome 17q21.31 inversion polymorphism, was associated with markedly higher CRFR1 expression (P < .001), making CRFR1 and CRFR2α expression almost equivalent in some patients. A novel, truncated splice variant of CRFR1, designated CRFR1j, was identified and shown to exert a dominant-negative effect on CRFR1 signaling in vitro. The novel variant was expressed in a greater proportion of patients (60%) than donors (3%, P < .001). In summary, cardiac expression of CRFR1, CRF, and Ucn3 genes is elevated in heart failure and may contribute to the activation of the CRF/Ucn system in these patients. A common variant within the CRFR1 gene and a novel CRFR1 splice variant may modulate CRFR1 expression and signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Pilbrow
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Kathy A Lewis
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Marilyn H Perrin
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Wendy E Sweet
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Christine S Moravec
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Mark O Huising
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Richard W Troughton
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Vicky A Cameron
- Peptide Biology Laboratories (A.P.P., K.A.L., M.H.P., M.O.H.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; Christchurch Heart Institute (A.P.P., R.W.T., V.A.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Kaufman Center for Heart Failure (W.E.S., C.S.M., W.H.W.T.), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jo BS, Koh IU, Bae JB, Yu HY, Jeon ES, Lee HY, Kim JJ, Choi M, Choi SS. Methylome analysis reveals alterations in DNA methylation in the regulatory regions of left ventricle development genes in human dilated cardiomyopathy. Genomics 2016; 108:84-92. [PMID: 27417303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the main causes of heart failure (called cardiomyopathies) in adults. Alterations in epigenetic regulation (i.e., DNA methylation) have been implicated in the development of DCM. Here, we identified a total of 1828 differentially methylated probes (DMPs) using the Infinium 450K HumanMethylation Bead chip by comparing the methylomes between 18 left ventricles and 9 right ventricles. Alterations in DNA methylation levels were observed mainly in lowly methylated regions corresponding to promoter-proximal regions, which become hypermethylated in severely affected left ventricles. Subsequent mRNA microarray analysis showed that the effect of DNA methylation on gene expression regulation is not unidirectional but is controlled by the functional sub-network context. DMPs were significantly enriched in the transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) we tested. Alterations in DNA methylation were specifically enriched in the cis-regulatory regions of cardiac development genes, the majority of which are involved in ventricular development (e.g., TBX5 and HAND1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Seok Jo
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - In-Uk Koh
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genome Science, National Research Institute of Health, Chuncheongbuk-do 28159, South Korea
| | - Jae-Bum Bae
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genome Science, National Research Institute of Health, Chuncheongbuk-do 28159, South Korea
| | - Ho-Yeong Yu
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genome Science, National Research Institute of Health, Chuncheongbuk-do 28159, South Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Jeon
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiac and Vascular Center, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon 51353, South Korea
| | - Hae-Young Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Jae-Joong Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 44033, South Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Sun Shim Choi
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yeh YL, Hu WS, Ting WJ, Shen CY, Hsu HH, Chung LC, Tu CC, Chang SH, Day CH, Tsai Y, Huang CY. Hypoxia Augments Increased HIF-1α and Reduced Survival Protein p-Akt in Gelsolin (GSN)-Dependent Cardiomyoblast Cell Apoptosis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2016; 74:221-8. [PMID: 27193608 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-016-0729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cytoskeleton filaments play an important role in cellular functions such as maintaining cell shape, cell motility, intracellular transport, and cell division. Actin-binding proteins (ABPs) have numerous functions including regulation of actin filament nucleation, elongation, severing, capping, cross linking, and actin monomer sequestration. Gelsolin (GSN) is one of the actin-binding proteins. Gelsolin (GSN) is one of the actin-binding proteins that regulate cell morphology, differentiation, movement, and apoptosis. GSN also regulates cell morphology, differentiation, movement, and apoptosis. In this study, we have used H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell and H9c2-GSN stable clones to understand the roles and mechanisms of GSN overexpression in hypoxia-induced cardiomyoblast cell death. The data show that hypoxia or GSN overexpression induces HIF-1α expression and reduces the expression of survival markers p-Akt and Bcl-2 in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. Under hypoxic conditions, GSN overexpression further reduces p-Akt expression and elevates total as well as cleaved GSN levels and HIF-1α levels. In addition, GSN overexpression enhances apoptosis in cardiomyoblasts under hypoxia. Hypoxic challenge further induced activated caspase-3 and cell death that was attenuated after GSN knock down, which implies that GSN is a critical therapeutic target against hypoxia-induced cardiomyoblast cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Jen Ting
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road 404, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Hsu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chin Chung
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan County, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chou Tu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Huang Chang
- Department of Health, Tsao-Tun Psychiatric Center, Executive Yuan, Nantou, 54249, Taiwan
| | | | - Yuhsin Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road 404, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mittal A, Sharma R, Prasad R, Bahl A, Khullar M. Role of cardiac TBX20 in dilated cardiomyopathy. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 414:129-36. [PMID: 26895318 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2666-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important cause of heart failure and sudden cardiac death worldwide. Transcription factor TBX20 has been shown to play a crucial role in cardiac development and maintenance of adult mouse heart. Recent studies suggest that TBX20 may have a role in pathophysiology of DCM. In the present study, we examined TBX20 expression in idiopathic DCM patients and in an animal model of cardiomyopathy, and studied its correlation with echocardiographic indices of LV function. Endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) from intraventricular septal from the right ventricle region were obtained from idiopathic DCM patients (IDCM, n = 30) and from patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD, n = 14) with normal LVEF who served as controls. An animal model of DCM was developed by right renal artery ligation in Wistar rats. Cardiac TBX20 mRNA levels were measured by real-time PCR in IDCM, controls, and in rats. The role of DNA promoter methylation and copy number variation (CNVs) in regulating TBX20 gene expression was also investigated. Cardiac TBX20 mRNA levels were significantly increased (8.9 fold, p < 0.001) in IDCM patients and in RAL rats as compared to the control group. Cardiac TBX20 expression showed a negative correlation with LVEF (r = -0.71, p < 0.001) and a positive correlation with left ventricular end-systolic volume (r = 0.39, p = 0.038). No significant difference in TBX20 CNVs and promoter methylation was observed between IDCM patients and control group. Our results suggest a potential role of TBX20 in pathophysiology of DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Mittal
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajni Sharma
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rishikesh Prasad
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Bahl
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Khullar
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
The sarcomeric M-region: a molecular command center for diverse cellular processes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:714197. [PMID: 25961035 PMCID: PMC4413555 DOI: 10.1155/2015/714197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The sarcomeric M-region anchors thick filaments and withstands the mechanical stress of contractions by deformation, thus enabling distribution of physiological forces along the length of thick filaments. While the role of the M-region in supporting myofibrillar structure and contractility is well established, its role in mediating additional cellular processes has only recently started to emerge. As such, M-region is the hub of key protein players contributing to cytoskeletal remodeling, signal transduction, mechanosensing, metabolism, and proteasomal degradation. Mutations in genes encoding M-region related proteins lead to development of severe and lethal cardiac and skeletal myopathies affecting mankind. Herein, we describe the main cellular processes taking place at the M-region, other than thick filament assembly, and discuss human myopathies associated with mutant or truncated M-region proteins.
Collapse
|
21
|
Costa ADF, Franco OL. Insights into RNA transcriptome profiling of cardiac tissue in obesity and hypertension conditions. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:959-68. [PMID: 25393239 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiologic studies suggest that obesity and hypertension are associated with cardiac transcriptome modifications that could be further associated with inflammatory processes and cardiac hypertrophy. In this field, transcriptome studies have demonstrated their importance to elucidate physiologic mechanisms, pathways or genes involved in many biologic processes. Over the past decade, RNA microarray and RNA-seq analysis has become an essential component to examine metabolic pathways in terms of mRNA expression in cardiology. In this review, cardiac muscle gene expression in response to effects of obesity and hypertension will be focused, providing a broad view on cardiac transcriptome and physiologic and biochemical mechanisms involved in gene expression changes produced by these events, emphasizing the use of new technologies for gene expression analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alzenira de Fátima Costa
- Universidade Católica de Brasília, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Brasília, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Herrer I, Roselló-Lletí E, Ortega A, Tarazón E, Molina-Navarro MM, Triviño JC, Martínez-Dolz L, Almenar L, Lago F, Sánchez-Lázaro I, González-Juanatey JR, Salvador A, Portolés M, Rivera M. Gene expression network analysis reveals new transcriptional regulators as novel factors in human ischemic cardiomyopathy. BMC Med Genomics 2015; 8:14. [PMID: 25884818 PMCID: PMC4386080 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-015-0088-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is characterized by transcriptomic changes that alter cellular processes leading to decreased cardiac output. Because the molecular network of ICM is largely unknown, the aim of this study was to characterize the role of new transcriptional regulators in the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses to ischemia. METHODS Myocardial tissue explants from ICM patients and control (CNT) subjects were analyzed by RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) and quantitative Real-Time PCR. RESULTS Enrichment analysis of the ICM transcriptomic profile allowed the characterization of novel master regulators. We found that the expression of the transcriptional regulators SP100 (-1.5-fold, p < 0.05), CITED2 (-3.8-fold, p < 0.05), CEBPD (-4.9-fold, p < 0.05) and BCL3 (-3.3-fold, p < 0.05) were lower in ICM than in CNT. To gain insights into the molecular network defined by the transcription factors, we identified CEBPD, BCL3, and HIF1A target genes in the RNA-Seq datasets. We further characterized the biological processes of the target genes by gene ontology annotation. Our results suggest that CEBPD-inducible genes with roles in the inhibition of apoptosis are downregulated and that BCL3-repressible genes are involved in the regulation of cellular metabolism in ICM. Moreover, our results suggest that CITED2 downregulation causes increased expression of HIF1A target genes. Functional analysis of HIF1A target genes revealed that hypoxic and stress response genes are activated in ICM. Finally, we found a significant correlation between the mRNA levels of BCL3 and the mRNA levels of both CEBPD (r = 0.73, p < 0.001) and CITED2 (r = 0.56, p < 0.05). Interestingly, CITED2 mRNA levels are directly related to ejection fraction (EF) (r = 0.54, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that changes in the expression of SP100, CITED2, CEBPD, and BCL3 affect their transcription regulatory networks, which subsequently alter a number of biological processes in ICM patients. The relationship between CITED2 mRNA levels and EF emphasizes the importance of this transcription factor in ICM. Moreover, our findings identify new mechanisms used to interpret gene expression changes in ICM and provide valuable resources for further investigation of the molecular basis of human cardiac ischemic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Herrer
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Avd de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Esther Roselló-Lletí
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Avd de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ana Ortega
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Avd de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Estefanía Tarazón
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Avd de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Micaela Molina-Navarro
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Avd de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | | | - Luis Martínez-Dolz
- Heart Failure and Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Department, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Luis Almenar
- Heart Failure and Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Department, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Francisca Lago
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiology and Institute of Biomedical Research, University Clinical Hospital, Santiago Compostela, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Sánchez-Lázaro
- Heart Failure and Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Department, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiology and Institute of Biomedical Research, University Clinical Hospital, Santiago Compostela, Spain.
| | - Antonio Salvador
- Heart Failure and Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Department, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Manuel Portolés
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Avd de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Miguel Rivera
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Avd de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Roselló-Lletí E, Tarazón E, Barderas MG, Ortega A, Otero M, Molina-Navarro MM, Lago F, González-Juanatey JR, Salvador A, Portolés M, Rivera M. Heart mitochondrial proteome study elucidates changes in cardiac energy metabolism and antioxidant PRDX3 in human dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112971. [PMID: 25397948 PMCID: PMC4232587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a public health problem with no available curative treatment, and mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in its development. The present study is the first to analyze the mitochondrial proteome in cardiac tissue of patients with DCM to identify potential molecular targets for its therapeutic intervention. Methods and Results 16 left ventricular (LV) samples obtained from explanted human hearts with DCM (n = 8) and control donors (n = 8) were extracted to perform a proteomic approach to investigate the variations in mitochondrial protein expression. The proteome of the samples was analyzed by quantitative differential electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry. These changes were validated by classical techniques and by novel and precise selected reaction monitoring analysis and RNA sequencing approach increasing the total heart samples up to 25. We found significant alterations in energy metabolism, especially in molecules involved in substrate utilization (ODPA, ETFD, DLDH), energy production (ATPA), other metabolic pathways (AL4A1) and protein synthesis (EFTU), obtaining considerable and specific relationships between the alterations detected in these processes. Importantly, we observed that the antioxidant PRDX3 overexpression is associated with impaired ventricular function. PRDX3 is significantly related to LV end systolic and diastolic diameter (r = 0.73, p value<0.01; r = 0.71, p value<0.01), fractional shortening, and ejection fraction (r = −0.61, p value<0.05; and r = −0.62, p value<0.05, respectively). Conclusion This work could be a pivotal study to gain more knowledge on the cellular mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of this disease and may lead to the development of etiology-specific heart failure therapies. We suggest new molecular targets for therapeutic interventions, something that up to now has been lacking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Roselló-Lletí
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Estefanía Tarazón
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María G. Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ana Ortega
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Otero
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology and Institute of Biomedical Research, University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Francisca Lago
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology and Institute of Biomedical Research, University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose Ramón González-Juanatey
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology and Institute of Biomedical Research, University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Portolés
- Cell Biology and Pathology Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Rivera
- Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang Y, Kang Y, Zhou Q, Zhou J, Wang H, Jin H, Liu X, Ma D, Li X. Quantitative proteomic analysis of serum from pregnant women carrying a fetus with conotruncal heart defect using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111645. [PMID: 25393621 PMCID: PMC4230941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify differentially expressed proteins from serum of pregnant women carrying a conotruncal heart defects (CTD) fetus, using proteomic analysis. Methods The study was conducted using a nested case-control design. The 5473 maternal serum samples were collected at 14–18 weeks of gestation. The serum from 9 pregnant women carrying a CTD fetus, 10 with another CHD (ACHD) fetus, and 11 with a normal fetus were selected from the above samples, and analyzed by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(2D LC-MS/MS). The differentially expressed proteins identified by iTRAQ were further validated with Western blot. Results A total of 105 unique proteins present in the three groups were identified, and relative expression data were obtained for 92 of them with high confidence by employing the iTRAQ-based experiments. The downregulation of gelsolin in maternal serum of fetus with CTD was further verified by Western blot. Conclusions The identification of differentially expressed protein gelsolin in the serum of the pregnant women carrying a CTD fetus by using proteomic technology may be able to serve as a foundation to further explore the biomarker for detection of CTD fetus from the maternal serum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Kang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongjie Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jizi Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XL); (DM)
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XL); (DM)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lok SI, Lok DJ, van der Weide P, Winkens B, Bruggink-André de la Porte PW, Doevendans PA, de Weger RA, van der Meer P, de Jonge N. Plasma levels of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin are elevated in patients with chronic heart failure, but are of limited prognostic value. Neth Heart J 2014; 22:391-5. [PMID: 25172361 PMCID: PMC4160451 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-014-0584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing interest in utilising novel markers of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). Recently, it was shown that alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), an acute-phase protein and major inhibitor of cathpesin G, plays a role in the pathophysiology of HF and may serve as a marker for myocardial distress. Objective To assess whether ACT is independently associated with long-term mortality in chronic HF patients. Methods ACT plasma levels were categorised into quartiles. Survival times were analysed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression, without and with correction for clinically relevant risk factors, including sex, age, duration of HF, kidney function (MDRD), ischaemic HF aetiology and NT-proBNP. Results Twenty healthy individuals and 224 patients (mean age 71 years, 72 % male, median HF duration 1.6 years) with chronic HF were included. In total, 159 (71 %) patients died. The median survival time was 5.3 (95 % CI 4.5–6.1) years. ACT was significantly elevated in patients (median 433 μg/ml, IQR 279–680) in comparison with controls (median 214 μg/ml, IQR 166–271; p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that ACT was not independently related to long-term mortality in chronic HF patients (crude HR = 1.03, 95 % CI 0.75–1.41, p = 0.871; adjusted HR = 1.12, 95 % CI 0.78–1.60, p = 0.552), which was confirmed by Kaplan-Meier curves. Conclusion ACT levels are elevated in chronic HF patients, but no independent association with long-term mortality can be established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S I Lok
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Huispostnummer H04.312, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pattini L, Sassi R, Cerutti S. Dissecting Heart Failure Through the Multiscale Approach of Systems Medicine. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2014; 61:1593-603. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2014.2307758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
27
|
Zhang T, Zhao LL, Cao X, Qi LC, Wei GQ, Liu JY, Yan SJ, Liu JG, Li XQ. Bioinformatics analysis of time series gene expression in left ventricle (LV) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Gene 2014; 543:259-67. [PMID: 24704022 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study is to investigate the key genes and their possible function in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The data of GSE4648 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database include 6 time points (15 min, 60 min, 4h, 12h, 24h and 48 h) of 12 left ventricle (LV) samples, 12 surviving LV free wall (FW) samples, 12 inter-ventricular septum (IVS) samples after AMI operation and corresponding sham-operated samples. The data of each sample were analyzed with Affy and Bioconductor packages, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out using BETR package with false discovery rate (FDR)<0.01. Then, functional enrichment analysis for DEGs was conducted with Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Totally 194 DEGs were identified in LV, and only the gene tubulin beta 2a (Tubb2a) and natriuretic peptide B (Nppb) were respectively up-regulated in surviving FW tissue and IVS tissue. The biological process response to wounding and inflammatory response were significantly enriched, as well as leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway. Besides, the expression pattern analysis showed the DEGs mostly up-regulated at 4h after AMI, and these genes were mainly associated with immunity. Additionally, in transcriptional regulatory network, early growth response 1 (Egr1), activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3), Atf4, Myc and Fos were considered as the key transcription factors related to immune response. The key transcription factors and potential target genes might provide new information for the development of AMI, and leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway might play a vital role in AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li-Chun Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guo-Qian Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shu-Jun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jin-Gang Liu
- The Central Hospital of the Heilongjiang Prison Administrative Bureau, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue-Qi Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gelsolin (GSN) induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and BNP expression via p38 signaling and GATA-4 transcriptional factor activation. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 390:263-70. [PMID: 24505034 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-1977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is an adaptive response of the heart to various types of stress. During the period of stress accumulation, the transition from physiological hypertrophy to pathological hypertrophy results in the promotion of heart failure. Gelsolin (GSN) is a member of the actin-binding proteins, which regulate dynamic actin filament organization by severing and capping. Moreover, GSN also regulates cell morphology, differentiation, movement, and apoptosis. In this study, we used H9c2 and H9c2-GSN stable clones in an attempt to understand the mechanisms of GSN overexpression in cardiomyocytes. These data showed that the overexpression of GSN in H9c2-induced cardiac hypertrophy and increased the pathological hypertrophy markers atrial natriuretic peptide brain natriuretic peptide. Furthermore, we found that E-cadherin expression decreased with the overexpression of GSN in H9c2, but β-catenin expression increased. These data presume that the cytoskeleton is loose. Further, previous studies show that the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway can induce cardiac hypertrophy. Our data showed that p-p38 expression increased with the overexpression of GSN in H9c2, and the transcription factor p-GATA4 expression also increased, suggesting that the overexpression of GSN in H9c2-induced cardiac hypertrophy seemed to be regulated by the p38/GATA4 pathway. Moreover, we used both the p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and GSN siRNA to confirm our conjecture. We found that both of these factors significantly suppressed gelsolin-induced cardiac hypertrophy through p38/GATA4 signaling pathway. Therefore, we predict that the gene silencing of GSN and/or the downstream blocking of GSN along the p38 pathway could be applied to ameliorate pathological cardiac hypertrophy in the future.
Collapse
|
29
|
Alvarez-Llamas G, Martín-Rojas T, de la Cuesta F, Calvo E, Gil-Dones F, Dardé VM, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Padial LR, Lopez JA, Vivanco F, Barderas MG. Modification of the secretion pattern of proteases, inflammatory mediators, and extracellular matrix proteins by human aortic valve is key in severe aortic stenosis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:2426-39. [PMID: 23704777 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.027425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major challenges in cardiovascular medicine is to identify candidate biomarker proteins. Secretome analysis is particularly relevant in this search as it focuses on a subset of proteins released by a cell or tissue under certain conditions. The sample can be considered as a plasma subproteome and it provides a more direct approximation to the in vivo situation. Degenerative aortic stenosis is the most common worldwide cause of valve replacement. Using a proteomic analysis of the secretome from aortic stenosis valves we could identify candidate markers related to this pathology, which may facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. For this purpose, we have designed a method to validate the origin of secreted proteins, demonstrating their synthesis and release by the tissue and ruling out blood origin. The nLC-MS/MS analysis showed the labeling of 61 proteins, 82% of which incorporated the label in only one group. Western blot and selective reaction monitoring differential analysis, revealed a notable role of the extracellular matrix. Variation in particular proteins such as PEDF, cystatin and clusterin emphasizes the link between aortic stenosis and atherosclerosis. In particular, certain proteins variation in secretome levels correlates well, not only with label incorporation trend (only labeled in aortic stenosis group) but, more importantly, with alterations found in plasma from an independent cohort of samples, pointing to specific candidate markers to follow up in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
|
30
|
Molina-Navarro MM, Roselló-Lletí E, Tarazón E, Ortega A, Sánchez-Izquierdo D, Lago F, González-Juanatey JR, García-Pavía P, Salvador A, Montero JA, Portolés M, Rivera M. Heart failure entails significant changes in human nucleocytoplasmic transport gene expression. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:2837-43. [PMID: 23651824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.03.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) induces alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, which is essential to the cardiomyocyte biology. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in gene expression in human HF, particularly focusing on nucleocytoplasmic transport-related genes. METHODS AND RESULTS 29 RNA heart samples from dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 12) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM, n = 12) patients undergoing heart transplantation and control donors (CNT, n = 5) were extracted to perform a microarray profiling using Affymetrix Human Gene® 1.0 ST arrays. We focused on the study of 5 nucleocytoplasmic transport-related genes, since this functional category has not previously been studied in HF. XPO1, GABPB2, and RANBP17 were upregulated, while KALRN was downregulated in both DCM and ICM, and XPO5 only in DCM. Validation of the results by RT-qPCR increasing the total heart samples up to 41 showed a high degree of consistency with microarray results. Moreover, we observed a strong relationship between the XPO1 mRNA and robust left ventricular function parameters in ICM: left ventricular end-systolic (r = 0.81, p<0.0001) and end-diastolic diameters (r = 0.80, p<0.0001), and ejection fraction (r = -0.57, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS We show that the expression of nucleocytoplasmic transport-related genes is altered in HF. Furthermore, XPO1 mRNA level is closely related with robust left ventricular function parameters in ICM patients. These changes may help to distinguish DCM and ICM in HF at the level of the transcriptome and provide a base for novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
31
|
Madonna R, Jiang J, Geng YJ. Attenuated expression of gelsolin in association with induction of aquaporin-1 and nitric oxide synthase in dysfunctional hearts of aging mice exposed to endotoxin. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2013; 25:911-22. [PMID: 23298482 DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis triggered by endotoxinemia may impair cardiac function. A decline in tolerance to septic shock occurs with aging. This study addressed the hypothesis that aging negatively impairs expression of gelsolin, and axerts the regulatory effects on the water channel protein aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) and endotoxin-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We explored whether the age-related gene changes are associated with the cardiac dysfunction induced by endotoxic stress exposure. Male mice at young (3-month) and old (12-month) ages received intraperitoneal injections of saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 30mg/Kg). Cardiac performance and morphology were analyzed by echocardiography at baseline and 2 and 24 h after injection. At the end of treatment, the animals were sacrificed, and cardiac tissues were collected for assessing expression of gelsolin, AQP-1, iNOS, and transcription-3 (STAT3). LPS administration led to a decreased contractility while increasing cardiac dimensions in both young and old mice. LPS also markedly induced expression of gelsolin in both animal groups. However, compared to young mice, old mice showed compromised induction of gelsolin and cardiac performance in response to endotoxin. Meanwhile, the LPS-exposed old animals exhibited higher levels of AQP-1, iNOS, and phosphorylated STAT3. Gelsolin-null mice had increased expression of glycosylated AQP-1 and STAT3 phosphorylation as well as cardiac dysfunction. Thus, endotoxin administration induces expression of gelsolin, AQP-1 and pro-inflammatory genes, such as iNOS. Our data suggest that changed expression of gelsolin, AQP-1 and iNOS may contribute to dysfunction of hearts in aged subjects with septic endotoxinemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Madonna
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dysregulation of FHL1 spliceforms due to an indel mutation produces an Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy plus phenotype. Neurogenetics 2013; 14:113-21. [PMID: 23456229 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-013-0359-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is characterised by early-onset joint contractures, progressive muscular weakness and wasting and late-onset cardiac disease. The more common X-linked recessive form of EDMD is caused by mutations in either EMD (encoding emerin) or FHL1 (encoding four and a half LIM domains 1), while mutations in LMNA (encoding lamin A/C), SYNE1 (encoding nesprin-1) and SYNE2 (encoding nesprin-2) lead to autosomal dominant forms of the condition. Here, we identify a three-generation family with an extended EDMD phenotype due to a novel indel mutation in FHL1 that differentially affects the relative expression of the three known transcript isoforms produced from this locus. The additional phenotypic manifestations in this family-proportionate short stature, facial dysmorphism, pulmonary valvular stenosis, thoracic scoliosis, brachydactyly, pectus deformities and genital abnormalities-are reminiscent of phenotypes seen with dysregulated Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (RAS-MAPK) signalling [Noonan syndrome (NS) and related disorders]. The misexpression of FHL1 transcripts precipitated by this mutation, together with the role of FHL1 in the regulation of RAS-MAPK signalling, suggests that this mutation confers a complex phenotype through both gain- and loss-of-function mechanisms. This indel mutation in FHL1 broadens the spectrum of FHL1-related disorders and implicates it in the pathogenesis of NS spectrum disorders.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Autonomic imbalance is a therapeutic target in heart failure patients. Overactivation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system has for years been treated with beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, although it cannot be long before invasive therapies such as renal sympathetic denervation, currently being tested for resistant hypertension, make their way to the heart failure arena. Insufficient parasympathetic input to the heart is already being augmented with implanted vagal nerve stimulators. It is our contention that biofeedback training could provide much of the same benefit as these more invasive therapies in improving autonomic imbalance, with the added advantage of increasing patient self-efficacy. This article describes a pilot study of biofeedback training in patients with end-stage heart failure awaiting heart transplantation. It was our goal to show not only that patients would appreciate this training and benefit from it but also that patient-controlled autonomic modulation could actually reverse the cellular and molecular markers of heart failure, or remodel the failing heart, similar to what we had previously shown for other types of heart failure therapy such as the left ventricular assist device. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate changes in the biology of the failing heart in response to a psychophysiologic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine S. Moravec
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine and Psychiatry and Psychology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Michael G. McKee
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine and Psychiatry and Psychology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Shi T, Moravec CS, Perez DM. Novel proteins associated with human dilated cardiomyopathy: selective reduction in α(1A)-adrenergic receptors and increased desensitization proteins. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2013; 33:96-106. [PMID: 23384050 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2013.764897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Therapeutics to treat human heart failure (HF) and the identification of proteins associated with HF are still limited. We analyzed α(1)-adrenergic receptor (AR) subtypes in human HF and performed proteomic analysis on more uniform samples to identify novel proteins associated with human HF. Six failing hearts with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and four non-failing heart controls were subjected to proteomic analysis. Out of 48 identified proteins, 26 proteins were redundant between samples. Ten of these 26 proteins were previously reported to be associated with HF. Of the newly identified proteins, we found several muscle proteins and mitochondrial/electron transport proteins, while novel were functionally similar to previous reports. However, we also found novel proteins involved in functional classes such as β-oxidation and G-protein coupled receptor signaling and desensitization not previously associated with HF. We also performed radioligand-binding studies on the heart samples and not only confirmed a large loss of β(1)-ARs in end-stage DCM, but also found a selective decrease in the α(1A)-AR subtype not previously reported. We have identified new proteins and functional categories associated with end-stage DCM. We also report that similar to the previously characterized loss of β(1)-AR in HF, there is also a concomitant loss of α(1A)-ARs, which are considered cardioprotective proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Integrative genomics studies have greatly advanced our understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology over the last decade. Here, we highlight the strengths and challenges of this cutting-edge approach and provide examples where novel insights have arisen through the integration of multi-level genomic information and cardiac physiology. Going forward, the integration of comprehensive next-generation sequencing data sets with quantitative phenotypes at the molecular, cellular, and whole-heart level using advanced modelling approaches provides an unprecedented opportunity for cardiovascular science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James S Ware
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ruppert V, Maisch B. Molecular signatures and the study of gene expression profiles in inflammatory heart diseases. Herz 2012; 37:619-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00059-012-3662-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
37
|
Gupta S, Halushka MK, Hilton GM, Arking DE. Postmortem cardiac tissue maintains gene expression profile even after late harvesting. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:26. [PMID: 22251372 PMCID: PMC3342086 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gene expression studies can be used to help identify disease-associated genes by comparing the levels of expressed transcripts between cases and controls, and to identify functional genetic variants (expression quantitative loci or eQTLs) by comparing expression levels between individuals with different genotypes. While many of these studies are performed in blood or lymphoblastoid cell lines due to tissue accessibility, the relevance of expression differences in tissues that are not the primary site of disease is unclear. Further, many eQTLs are tissue specific. Thus, there is a clear and compelling need to conduct gene expression studies in tissues that are specifically relevant to the disease of interest. One major technical concern about using autopsy-derived tissue is how representative it is of physiologic conditions, given the effect of postmortem interval on tissue degradation. Results In this study, we monitored the gene expression of 13 tissue samples harvested from a rapid autopsy heart (non-failed heart) and 7 from a cardiac explant (failed heart) through 24 hours of autolysis. The 24 hour autopsy simulation was designed to reflect a typical autopsy scenario where a body may begin cooling to ambient temperature for ~12 hours, before transportation and storage in a refrigerated room in a morgue. In addition, we also simulated a scenario wherein the body was left at room temperature for up to 24 hours before being found. A small fraction (< 2.5%) of genes showed fluctuations in expression over the 24 hr period and largely belong to immune and signal response and energy metabolism-related processes. Global expression analysis suggests that RNA expression is reproducible over 24 hours of autolysis with 95% genes showing < 1.2 fold change. Comparing the rapid autopsy to the failed heart identified 480 differentially expressed genes, including several types of collagens, lumican (LUM), natriuretic peptide A (NPPA) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which allows for the clear separation between failing and non-failing heart based on gene expression profiles. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that RNA from autopsy-derived tissue, even up to 24 hours of autolysis, can be used to identify biologically relevant expression pattern differences, thus serving as a practical source for gene expression experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gupta
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li A, Ponten F, dos Remedios CG. The interactome of LIM domain proteins: The contributions of LIM domain proteins to heart failure and heart development. Proteomics 2012; 12:203-25. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
39
|
Wen JJ, Garg NJ. Proteome expression and carbonylation changes during Trypanosoma cruzi infection and Chagas disease in rats. Mol Cell Proteomics 2011; 11:M111.010918. [PMID: 22199233 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.010918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress, elicited by Trypanosoma cruzi infection, are important pathologic events during progressive Chagasic cardiomyopathy. In this study, we infected Sprague-Dawley rats with T. cruzi, and treated with phenyl-α-tert-butylnitrone (PBN-antioxidant) and/or benznidazole (BZ-anti-parasite). We employed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis/mass spectrometry to investigate (a) the plasma proteomic changes associated with infection and disease development, and (b) the beneficial effects of PBN and BZ in controlling the disease-associated plasma profile. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight (MALDI-TOF) tandem MS (MS/MS) analysis of differentially expressed (total 146) and oxidized (total 48) protein spots yielded 92 unique proteins. Our data showed that treatment with PBN and BZ restored the differential expression of 65% and 30% of the disease-associated proteins to normal level, respectively, and PBN prevented development of oxidative adducts on plasma proteins. Western blotting to detect dinitrophenyl-derivatized carbonyl-proteins revealed plasma proteins were maximally oxidized during acute infection. Functional and disease/disorder analyses allocated a majority of the differentially expressed and oxidized proteins into inflammation/immunity and lipid metabolism categories and to molecular pathways associated with heart disease (e.g. cardiac infarction, contractile dysfunction, hypertrophy, and hypertension) in chagasic rats, and to curative pathways (e.g. ROS scavenging capacity, immune regulation) in infected rats treated with PBN and/or BZ. We validated the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis results by Western blotting, and demonstrated that the disease-associated increased expression of gelsolin and vimentin and release of cardiac MYL2 in the plasma of chagasic rats was returned to control level by PBN/BZ treatment. Increased plasma levels of gelsolin, MYL2 and vimentin were directly correlated with the severity of cardiac disease in human chagasic patients. Together, these results demonstrate the plasma oxidative and inflammatory response profile, and plasma detection of cardiac proteins parallels the pathologic events contributing to Chagas disease development, and is of potential utility in diagnosing disease severity and designing suitable therapy for management of human chagasic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1070, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xu Y, Liu Z, Guo K. Expression of FHL1 in gastric cancer tissue and its correlation with the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 363:93-9. [PMID: 22143536 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to analyze the expression of four and a half LIM domains 1 (FHL1) in gastric carcinoma tissue and its correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer. In addition, the role of FHL1 in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells was investigated to provide an experimental basis for future treatments of gastric cancer. FHL1 mRNA and protein expression in gastric carcinoma and the adjacent normal gastric mucosa tissue were determined using RT-PCR and western blots. Correlations of FHL1 expression with the incidence, progression, and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer were analyzed. Changes in the invasion and metastatic potential of MKN45 human gastric cancer cells were observed after the transient transfection with an eukaryotic expression vector containing full-length FHL1. Expression of FHL1 mRNA in gastric carcinoma tissue was significantly lower than that in the adjacent normal tissue (P < 0.05). FHL1 expression in gastric carcinoma tissue from patients who were positive for lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than those in patients who were negative for lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Lower FHL1 expression was correlated with lower degrees of differentiation, higher TNM stages, and greater invasive potential of the gastric cancer (P < 0.05). The FHL1 mRNA and protein expression patterns were similar in gastric cancer. FHL1 protein expression in gastric carcinoma tissue was significantly lower than that in the surrounding normal tissue (P < 0.05). FHL1 protein expression was significantly lower in gastric carcinoma tissue from patients who were positive for lymph node metastasis than that detected in patients with no lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Lower FHL1 protein expression was correlated with lower degrees of differentiation, higher TNM stages, and greater invasive potential in gastric cancer (P < 0.05). However, the expression of FHL1 was independent of the patient's gender, age, and tumor size (P > 0.05). Overexpression of FHL1 in the MKN45 human gastric cancer cell line using an eukaryotic expression vector resulted in a significant reduction in the invasiveness and metastatic ability of these cells as determined using the Transwell chamber invasion assay (P < 0.05). The decrease in or loss of FHL1 expression may be related to the incidence, progression, invasiveness, and metastatic potential of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Gastroenterologic Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 92, Nanjing Rd, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang T, Lang GD, Moreno-Vinasco L, Huang Y, Goonewardena SN, Peng YJ, Svensson EC, Natarajan V, Lang RM, Linares JD, Breysse PN, Geyh AS, Samet JM, Lussier YA, Dudley S, Prabhakar NR, Garcia JGN. Particulate matter induces cardiac arrhythmias via dysregulation of carotid body sensitivity and cardiac sodium channels. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 46:524-31. [PMID: 22108299 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0213oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic links between exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) pollution and the associated increases in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly in people with congestive heart failure (CHF), have not been identified. To advance understanding of this issue, genetically engineered mice (CREB(A133)) exhibiting severe dilated cardiomyopathic changes were exposed to ambient PM collected in Baltimore. CREB(A133) mice, which display aberrant cardiac physiology and anatomy reminiscent of human CHF, displayed evidence of basal autonomic aberrancies (compared with wild-type mice) with PM exposure via aspiration, producing significantly reduced heart rate variability, respiratory dysynchrony, and increased ventricular arrhythmias. Carotid body afferent nerve responses to hypoxia and hyperoxia-induced respiratory depression were pronounced in PM-challenged CREB(A133) mice, and denervation of the carotid bodies significantly reduced PM-mediated cardiac arrhythmias. Genome-wide expression analyses of CREB(A133) left ventricular tissues demonstrated prominent Na(+) and K(+) channel pathway gene dysregulation. Subsequent PM challenge increased tyrosine phosphorylation and nitration of the voltage-gated type V cardiac muscle α-subunit of the Na(+) channel encoded by SCN5A. Ranolazine, a Na(+) channel modulator that reduces late cardiac Na(+) channel currents, attenuated PM-mediated cardiac arrhythmias and shortened PM-elongated QT intervals in vivo. These observations provide mechanistic insights into the epidemiologic findings in susceptibility of human CHF populations to PM exposure. Our results suggest a multiorgan pathobiology inherent to the CHF phenotype that is exaggerated by PM exposure via heightened carotid body sensitivity and cardiac Na(+) channel dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gaertner A, Schwientek P, Ellinghaus P, Summer H, Golz S, Kassner A, Schulz U, Gummert J, Milting H. Myocardial transcriptome analysis of human arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Physiol Genomics 2011; 44:99-109. [PMID: 22085907 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00094.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited cardiomyopathy primarily of the right ventricle characterized through fibrofatty replacement of cardiomyocytes. The genetic etiology in ARVC patients is most commonly caused by dominant inheritance and high genetic heterogeneity. Though histological examinations of ARVC-affected human myocardium reveals fibrolipomatous replacement, the molecular mechanisms leading to loss of cardiomyocytes are largely unknown. We therefore analyzed the transcriptomes of six ARVC hearts and compared our findings to six nonfailing donor hearts (NF). To characterize the ARVC-specific transcriptome, we compared our findings to samples from seven patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The myocardial DCM and ARVC samples were prepared from hearts explanted during an orthotopic heart transplantation representing myocardium from end-stage heart failure patients (NYHA IV). From each heart, left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) myocardial samples were analyzed by Affymetrix HG-U133 Plus 2.0 arrays, adding up to six sample groups. Unsupervised cluster analyses of the groups revealed a clear separation of NF and cardiomyopathy samples. However, in contrast to the other samples, the analyses revealed no distinct expression pattern in LV and RV of myocardial ARVC samples. We further identified differentially expressed transcripts using t-tests and found transcripts separating diseased and NF ventricular myocardium. Of note, in failing myocardium only ~15-16% of the genes are commonly regulated compared with NF samples. In addition both cardiomyopathies are clearly distinct on the transcriptome level. Comparison of the expression patterns between the failing RV and LV using a paired t-test revealed a lack of major differences between LV and RV gene expression in ARVC hearts. Our study is the first analysis of specific ARVC-related RV and LV gene expression patterns in terminal failing human hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gaertner
- Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Thorax- und Kardiovaskularchirurgie, Erich und Hanna Klessmann-Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Forschung und Entwicklung, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Molecular Signatures of End-Stage Heart Failure. J Card Fail 2011; 17:867-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
44
|
Abstract
The most notable change in the metabolic profile of hypertrophied hearts is an increased reliance on glucose with an overall reduced oxidative metabolism, i.e. a reappearance of the foetal metabolic pattern. In animal models, this change is attributed to the down-regulation of the transcriptional cascades promoting gene expression for fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in adult hearts. Impaired myocardial energetics in cardiac hypertrophy also triggers AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), leading to increased glucose uptake and glycolysis. Aside from increased reliance on glucose as an energy source, changes in other glucose metabolism pathways, e.g. the pentose phosphate pathway, the glucosamine biosynthesis pathway, and anaplerosis, are also noted in the hypertrophied hearts. Studies using transgenic mouse models and pharmacological compounds to mimic or counter the switch of substrate preference in cardiac hypertrophy have demonstrated that increased glucose metabolism in adult heart is not harmful and can be beneficial when it provides sufficient fuel for oxidative metabolism. However, improvement in the oxidative capacity and efficiency rather than the selection of the substrate is likely the ultimate goal for metabolic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Kolwicz
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, 815 Mercer Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cowling BS, Cottle DL, Wilding BR, D'Arcy CE, Mitchell CA, McGrath MJ. Four and a half LIM protein 1 gene mutations cause four distinct human myopathies: a comprehensive review of the clinical, histological and pathological features. Neuromuscul Disord 2011; 21:237-51. [PMID: 21310615 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the four and a half LIM protein 1 (FHL1) gene were recently identified as the cause of four distinct skeletal muscle diseases. Since the initial report outlining the first fhl1 mutation in 2008, over 25 different mutations have been identified in patients with reducing body myopathy, X-linked myopathy characterized by postural muscle atrophy, scapuloperoneal myopathy and Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Reducing body myopathy was first described four decades ago, its underlying genetic cause was unknown until the discovery of fhl1 mutations. X-linked myopathy characterized by postural muscle atrophy is a novel disease where fhl1 mutations are the only cause. This review will profile each of the FHL1, with a comprehensive analysis of mutations, a comparison of the clinical and histopathological features and will present several hypotheses for the possible disease mechanism(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda S Cowling
- Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shathasivam T, Kislinger T, Gramolini AO. Genes, proteins and complexes: the multifaceted nature of FHL family proteins in diverse tissues. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 14:2702-20. [PMID: 20874719 PMCID: PMC3822721 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01176.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Four and a half LIM domain protein 1 (FHL1) is the founding member of the FHL family of proteins characterized by the presence of four and a half highly conserved LIM domains. The LIM domain is a protein-interaction motif and is involved in linking proteins with both the actin cytoskeleton and transcriptional machinery. To date, more than 25 different protein interactions have been identified for full length FHL1 and its spliced variants, and these interactions can be mapped to a variety of functional classes. Because FHL1 is expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle, all of these proteins interactions translate into a multifunctional and integral role for FHL1 in muscle development, structural maintenance, and signalling. Importantly, 27 FHL1 genetic mutations have been identified that result in at least six different X-linked myopathies, with patients often presenting with cardiovascular disease. FHL1 expression is also significantly up-regulated in a variety of cardiac disorders, even at the earliest stages of disease onset. Alternatively, FHL1 expression is suppressed in a variety of cancers, and ectopic FHL1 expression offers potential for some phenotype rescue. This review focuses on recent studies of FHL1 in muscular dystrophies and cardiovascular disease, and provides a comprehensive review of FHL1s multifunctional roles in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
|
47
|
Weng J, Liao M, Zou S, Bao J, Zhou J, Qu L, Feng R, Feng X, Zhao Z, Jing Z. Downregulation of FHL1 Expression in Thoracic Aortic Dissection: Implications in Aortic Wall Remodeling and Pathogenesis of Thoracic Aortic Dissection. Ann Vasc Surg 2011; 25:240-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
48
|
Gu J, Wang JJ, Yan J, Cui CF, Wu WH, Li L, Wang ZS, Yu M, Gao N, Liu L, Ouyang DS. Effects of lignans extracted from Eucommia ulmoides and aldose reductase inhibitor epalrestat on hypertensive vascular remodeling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:6-13. [PMID: 20817083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects of lignans extracted from Eucommia ulmoides and epalrestat on vascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (12 rats each group), and treated orally with 100 mg/kg/d of captopril (an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor), 100 mg/kg/d of epalrestat (an aldose reductase inhibitor) and 300 mg/kg/d of lignans by gavage daily for 16 weeks, respectively. Sex-, age-, and number-matched spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats, were treated with distilled water (vehicle) as controls. The rats were weighed weekly. Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured periodically by non-invasive blood pressure monitoring. They were sacrificed at the end of experiment (26-week-old). Superior mesenteric artery and aorta were isolated for determination of histomorphometry and the expression of aldose reductase by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Captopril and lignans, but not epalrestat, decreased mean arterial blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Vascular remodeling was improved in all three treated groups by histomorphometry. CONCLUSIONS Both lignans and epalrestat reversed hypertensive vascular remodeling. Aldose reductase played a vital role in the pathologic process of hypertensive vascular remodeling rather than elevation of blood pressure. These data suggested that aldose reductase could be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
González A, López B, Beaumont J, Ravassa S, Arias T, Hermida N, Zudaire A, Díez J. Cardiovascular translational medicine (III). Genomics and proteomics in heart failure research. Rev Esp Cardiol 2010; 62:305-13. [PMID: 19268076 DOI: 10.1016/s1885-5857(09)71561-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex syndrome and is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Despite considerable research effort in recent years, heart failure prevention and treatment strategies still suffer significant limitations. New theoretical and technical approaches are, therefore, required. It is in this context that the "omic" sciences have a role to play in heart failure. The incorporation of "omic" methodologies into the study of human disease has substantially changed biological approaches to disease and has given an enormous impetus to the search for new disease mechanisms, as well as for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The application of genomics, proteomics and metabonomics to heart failure research could increase our understanding of the origin and development of the different processes contributing to this syndrome, thereby enabling the establishment of specific diagnostic profiles and therapeutic templates that could help improve the poor prognosis associated with heart failure. This brief review contains a short description of the fundamental principles of the "omic" sciences and an evaluation of how these new techniques are currently contributing to research into human heart failure. The focus is mainly on the analysis of gene expression microarrays in the field of genomics and on studies using two-dimensional electrophoresis with mass spectrometry in the area of proteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa González
- Area de Ciencias Cardiovasculares, Centro de Investigación Médica, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li GH, Arora PD, Chen Y, McCulloch CA, Liu P. Multifunctional roles of gelsolin in health and diseases. Med Res Rev 2010; 32:999-1025. [PMID: 22886630 DOI: 10.1002/med.20231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Gelsolin, a Ca(2+) -regulated actin filament severing, capping, and nucleating protein, is an ubiquitous, multifunctional regulator of cell structure and metabolism. More recent data show that gelsolin can act as a transcriptional cofactor in signal transduction and its own expression and function can be influenced by epigenetic changes. Here, we review the functions of the plasma and cytoplasmic forms of gelsolin, and their manifold impacts on cancer, apoptosis, infection and inflammation, cardiac injury, pulmonary diseases, and aging. An improved understanding of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of gelsolin may lead to new considerations of this protein as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Hua Li
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|