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Nemtut DM, Petreanu CA, Ulmeanu R, Rajnoveanu AG, Rajnoveanu RM. Life expectancy in cancer patients with pulmonary thromboembolism: From clinical prognostic biomarkers and paraclinical investigations to therapeutic approaches (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:354. [PMID: 39071911 PMCID: PMC11273361 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) are obstructions of the pulmonary arteries by thrombi, which are emboli and they most frequently originate from the deep venous system of the inferior limbs. Emboli can also come from the inferior vena cava, abdominal and pelvic veins, or the upper body venous system from the right atrium or ventricle of the heart. Thrombi can form in situ inside pulmonary arteries as well. A cancer patient is at a higher risk for thromboembolic phenomena given both the oncological pathological context and also due to the associated medical or surgical treatment they receive. PE is a high-risk medical emergency that is associated with an increased risk of early mortality, with sudden death occurring in 25% of patients. The long-term presence of this condition can result in thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. The risk of mortality, both in the acute and long-term, is dependent on the severity of the acute form, the recurrence of the embolism and the associated conditions. The majority of deaths associated with PE can be prevented by early diagnosis. The aim of the present review was to describe the various biological and cellular parameters, together with known paraclinical investigations, to assist in the rapid diagnosis of PE. Mortality in patients with PE and neoplastic conditions may be reduced by initiating anticoagulant treatment as soon as possible. PE may be the first manifestation of an underlying silent malignancy or may represent a complication of an already diagnosed malignancy. Exclusion or confirmation of the diagnosis is of utmost importance to avoid unnecessary anticoagulant treatment associated with a high risk of bleeding or to start immediate anticoagulant treatment if required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cornel Adrian Petreanu
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Pneumology Institute Marius Nasta, Bucharest 050159, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Ulmeanu
- Bronchoscopy Department, North Hospital, Provita Medical Group, Bucharest 020335, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410073, Romania
| | - Armand Gabriel Rajnoveanu
- Occupational Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400012, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Mioara Rajnoveanu
- Palliative Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca 400012, Romania
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McIntyre JK, Spromberg J, Cameron J, Incardona JP, Davis JW, Scholz NL. Bioretention filtration prevents acute mortality and reduces chronic toxicity for early life stage coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) episodically exposed to urban stormwater runoff. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:165759. [PMID: 37495136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
As the human population of western North America continues to expand, widespread patterns of urban growth pose increasingly existential threats to certain wild stocks of Pacific salmon and steelhead (Oncorhynchus sp.). Rainfall previously absorbed into the soils of forests and grasslands falls instead on pavement and other hardened surfaces. This creates stormwater runoff that carries toxic metals, oil, and many other contaminants into salmon-bearing habitats. These include freshwater streams where coho salmon (O. kisutch) spawn in gravel beds. Coho salmon embryos develop within a thick eggshell (chorion) for weeks to months before hatching as alevins and ultimately emerging from the gravel as fry. Untreated urban runoff is highly toxic to older coho salmon (freshwater-resident juveniles and adult spawners), but the vulnerability of the earliest life stages remains poorly understood. To address this uncertainty, we fertilized eggs and raised them under an episodic stormwater exposure regimen, using runoff collected from a high-traffic arterial roadway from 15 discrete storm events. We monitored survival and morphological development, as well as molecular markers for contaminant exposure and cardiovascular stress. We also evaluated the benefit of treating runoff with green infrastructure (bioretention filtration) on coho salmon health and survival. Untreated runoff caused subtle sublethal toxicity in pre-hatch embryos with no mortality, followed by high rates of mortality from exposure at hatch. Bioretention filtration removed most measured contaminants (bacteria, dissolved metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), and the treated effluent was considerably less toxic - notably preventing mortality at the alevin stage. Our findings indicate that untreated urban runoff poses an important threat to early life stage coho salmon, in terms of both acute and delayed-in-time mortality. Moreover, while inexpensive management strategies involving bioinfiltration are promising, future green infrastructure effectiveness research should emphasize sublethal metrics for contaminant exposure and adverse health outcomes in salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer K McIntyre
- Washington State University, School of the Environment, Puyallup Research and Extension Center, 2606 W Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371, USA.
| | - Julann Spromberg
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - James Cameron
- Saltwater Inc, under contract to Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - John P Incardona
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Jay W Davis
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Environmental Contaminants Program, 510 Desmond Dr. SE, Lacey, WA 98503, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Scholz
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
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Kutlu E, Avci E, Acar K. Postmortem biochemistry in deaths from ischemic heart disease. J Forensic Leg Med 2023; 100:102599. [PMID: 37839363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2023.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and sudden cardiac death worldwide and is an important public health problem. The presence of ischemia in clinical applications can be detected by ECG, biochemical markers, and radiological methods. Myocardial infarction is also frequently encountered in forensic autopsies. Postmortem diagnosis is determined as a result of histopathological examinations and additional exclusionary examinations (toxicology, microbiology, etc.). However, routine histopathological examinations are insufficient, especially when death occurs in the early period of ischemia. It creates a problem for forensic pathologists and forensic medicine specialists in such cases of sudden cardiac death. Postmortem biochemistry is one of the important and promising disciplines in which forensic applications work in order to diagnose these cases correctly. The issue of whether biomarkers used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in clinical studies can be used reliably in postmortem cases has been discussed by forensic medicine researchers for some time. This manuscript aims to review and summarize biomarkers belonging to various categories that have been studied in IHD-related deaths, in biological fluids taken at autopsy, or in animal experiments. Our study shows that the postmortem use of biochemical markers in the diagnosis of IHD yields promising results. However, it should not be forgotten that postmortem biochemistry is different from clinical applications due to its dynamics and that the body causes unpredictable changes in markers in the postmortem process. Therefore, comprehensive studies are needed to evaluate the postmortem stability of these markers in different biological fluids, their significance among various causes of death, and whether they are affected by any variable (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Postmortem interval, medications, etc.) before they are routinely applied. It is suggested by the authors that the cut-off values of biomarkers whose significance has been proven by these studies should be determined and that they should be used in this way in routine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdi Kutlu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Health Harakani State Hospital, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Esin Avci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Kemalettin Acar
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
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4
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Liu Z, Liu X, Liu L, Wang Y, Zheng J, Li L, Li S, Zhang H, Ni J, Ma C, Gao X, Bian X, Fan G. SUMO1 regulates post-infarct cardiac repair based on cellular heterogeneity. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:170-186. [PMID: 36908856 PMCID: PMC9999303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMOylation) is a dynamic post-translational modification that maintains cardiac function and can protect against a hypertrophic response to cardiac pressure overload. However, the function of SUMOylation after myocardial infarction (MI) and the molecular details of heart cell responses to SUMO1 deficiency have not been determined. In this study, we demonstrated that SUMO1 protein was inconsistently abundant in different cell types and heart regions after MI. However, SUMO1 knockout significantly exacerbated systolic dysfunction and infarct size after myocardial injury. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing revealed the differential role of SUMO1 in regulating heart cells. Among cardiomyocytes, SUMO1 deletion increased the Nppa + Nppb + Ankrd1 + cardiomyocyte subcluster proportion after MI. In addition, the conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts subclusters was inhibited in SUMO1 knockout mice. Importantly, SUMO1 loss promoted proliferation of endothelial cell subsets with the ability to reconstitute neovascularization and expressed angiogenesis-related genes. Computational analysis of ligand/receptor interactions suggested putative pathways that mediate cardiomyocytes to endothelial cell communication in the myocardium. Mice preinjected with cardiomyocyte-specific AAV-SUMO1, but not the endothelial cell-specific form, and exhibited ameliorated cardiac remodeling following MI. Collectively, our results identified the role of SUMO1 in cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells after MI. These findings provide new insights into SUMO1 involvement in the pathogenesis of MI and reveal novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaozhi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development in Preterm Infants, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Li Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development in Preterm Infants, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development in Preterm Infants, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jingyu Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chuanrui Ma
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiyun Bian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development in Preterm Infants, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
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5
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Oruc A, Simsek G. A Pathophysiological Approach To Current Biomarkers. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are necessary for screening and diagnosing numerous diseases,
predicting the prognosis of patients, and following-up treatment and the course of the
patient. Everyday new biomarkers are being used in clinics for these purposes. This
section will discuss the physiological roles of the various current biomarkers in a
healthy person and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the release of these
biomarkers. This chapter aims to gain a new perspective for evaluating and interpreting
the most current biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aykut Oruc
- Department of Physiology,Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa,
Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gonul Simsek
- Department of Physiology,Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa,
Istanbul, Turkey
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Boileau E, Li X, Naarmann-de Vries IS, Becker C, Casper R, Altmüller J, Leuschner F, Dieterich C. Full-Length Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals the Unexplored Isoform Diversity of the Myocardium Post-MI. Front Genet 2022; 13:912572. [PMID: 35937994 PMCID: PMC9354982 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.912572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce Single-cell Nanopore Spatial Transcriptomics (scNaST), a software suite to facilitate the analysis of spatial gene expression from second- and third-generation sequencing, allowing to generate a full-length near-single-cell transcriptional landscape of the tissue microenvironment. Taking advantage of the Visium Spatial platform, we adapted a strategy recently developed to assign barcodes to long-read single-cell sequencing data for spatial capture technology. Here, we demonstrate our workflow using four short axis sections of the mouse heart following myocardial infarction. We constructed a de novo transcriptome using long-read data, and successfully assigned 19,794 transcript isoforms in total, including clinically-relevant, but yet uncharacterized modes of transcription, such as intron retention or antisense overlapping transcription. We showed a higher transcriptome complexity in the healthy regions, and identified intron retention as a mode of transcription associated with the infarct area. Our data revealed a clear regional isoform switching among differentially used transcripts for genes involved in cardiac muscle contraction and tissue morphogenesis. Molecular signatures involved in cardiac remodeling integrated with morphological context may support the development of new therapeutics towards the treatment of heart failure and the reduction of cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Boileau
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabel S Naarmann-de Vries
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ramona Casper
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christoph Dieterich,
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Omran F, Kyrou I, Osman F, Lim VG, Randeva HS, Chatha K. Cardiovascular Biomarkers: Lessons of the Past and Prospects for the Future. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105680. [PMID: 35628490 PMCID: PMC9143441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major healthcare burden on the population worldwide. Early detection of this disease is important in prevention and treatment to minimise morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers are a critical tool to either diagnose, screen, or provide prognostic information for pathological conditions. This review discusses the historical cardiac biomarkers used to detect these conditions, discussing their application and their limitations. Identification of new biomarkers have since replaced these and are now in use in routine clinical practice, but still do not detect all disease. Future cardiac biomarkers are showing promise in early studies, but further studies are required to show their value in improving detection of CVD above the current biomarkers. Additionally, the analytical platforms that would allow them to be adopted in healthcare are yet to be established. There is also the need to identify whether these biomarkers can be used for diagnostic, prognostic, or screening purposes, which will impact their implementation in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Omran
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (F.O.); (I.K.); (F.O.); (V.G.L.); (H.S.R.)
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (F.O.); (I.K.); (F.O.); (V.G.L.); (H.S.R.)
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Faizel Osman
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (F.O.); (I.K.); (F.O.); (V.G.L.); (H.S.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Ven Gee Lim
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (F.O.); (I.K.); (F.O.); (V.G.L.); (H.S.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Harpal Singh Randeva
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (F.O.); (I.K.); (F.O.); (V.G.L.); (H.S.R.)
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Kamaljit Chatha
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (F.O.); (I.K.); (F.O.); (V.G.L.); (H.S.R.)
- Biochemistry and Immunology Department, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Correspondence:
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Optimal cut points of N-terminal of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with COVID-19. Egypt Heart J 2022; 74:16. [PMID: 35294679 PMCID: PMC8924742 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-022-00253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID19 patients may suffer from multiple cardiovascular complications. Recently, N-terminal of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was a potentially independent risk factor for COVID-19 in-hospital death. The present study aimed to find new optimal cut points for NT-proBNP across censored survival failure time outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Results This cohort study was conducted on 272 patients with COVID-19 whose initial records were recorded from March 2020 to July 2020. Demographic characteristics, clinical examinations, and laboratory measurements were collected at the beginning of the admission registered in the patient record system located in the hospital. We used the maximally selected rank statistics to determine the optimal cut points for NT-proBNP (the most significant split based on the standardized log-rank test). Survival time was defined as the days from hospital admission to discharge day. In this cohort study, two optimal cut points for NT-proBNP were 331 (pg/mL) and 11,126 (pg/mL) based on a survival model. The adjusted HR of NT-proBNP for in-hospital death was 3.41 (95% CI: 1.22–9.51, P = 0.02) for medium against low category, and 3.84 (95% CI: 1.30–11.57, P = 0.01) for high in comparison with low group. Conclusions We reported a dramatically increased concentration of NT-proBNP among COVID-19 patients without heart failure in both severe and non-severe cases. Moreover, our study showed that a high level of NT-proBNP was highly associated with the prolonged survival time of patients with COVID-19. NT-proBNP is a strong prognostic indicator of in-hospital death in the second week of admission.
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9
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Caggiano LR, Holmes JW, Witzenburg CM. Individual variability in animal-specific hemodynamic compensation following myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 163:156-166. [PMID: 34756992 PMCID: PMC11138241 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular enlargement and heart failure are common in patients who survive a myocardial infarction (MI). There is striking variability in the degree of post-infarction ventricular remodeling, however, and no one factor or set of factors have been identified that predicts heart failure risk well. Sympathetic activation directly and indirectly modulates hypertrophic stimuli by altering both neurohormonal milieu and ventricular loading. In a recent study, we developed a method to identify the balance of reflex compensatory mechanisms employed by individual animals following MI based on measured hemodynamics. Here, we conducted prospective studies of acute myocardial infarction in rats to test the degree of variability in reflex compensation as well as whether responses to pharmacologic agents targeted at those reflex mechanisms could be anticipated in individual animals. We found that individual animals use very different mixtures of reflex compensation in response to experimental coronary ligation. Some of these mechanisms were related - animals that compensated strongly with venoconstriction tended to exhibit a decrease in the contractility of the surviving myocardium and those that increased contractility tended to exhibit venodilation. Furthermore, some compensatory mechanisms - such as venoconstriction - increased the extent of predicted ventricular enlargement. Unfortunately, initial reflex responses to infarction were a poor predictor of subsequent responses to pharmacologic agents, suggesting that customizing pharmacologic therapy to individuals based on an initial response will be challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Caggiano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Holmes
- School of Engineering, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Colleen M Witzenburg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
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10
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Del Buono MG, Trankle CR, Buckley L, Kadariya D, Canada JM, Carbone S, Turlington J, Markley R, Bressi E, VAN Tassell BW, Abbate A. Early changes in N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels predict new-onset heart failure in patients with STEMI. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2022; 70:25-31. [PMID: 32657561 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5683.20.05303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested that N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level is a powerful independent predictor of death or heart failure (HF) when measured at admission in patients with chest pain or acute coronary syndrome. Little is known about the role of NT-proBNP level measured during a hospitalization for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in predicting clinical outcomes. We evaluated the optimal NT-proBNP timing (admission, 72 hours, or delta [Δ] NT-proBNP [72 hours minus admission]) to predict 1-year new-onset HF in STEMI patients. METHODS We measured NT-proBNP levels at admission and 72 hours in 72 patients with STEMI. HF events were adjudicated and defined as hospitalization for HF or need for new initiation of a loop diuretic at 1-year follow-up. Values are presented as medians and interquartile range or frequencies (%) as appropriate. Cox regression analysis was used to determine predictors of adverse events. A receiver-operative-curve was constructed to identify the discriminative value and optimal cut-off points for NT-proBNP. RESULTS Patients (age 56 [49-64] years, males 59 [82%]) were followed for a median duration of 365 [180-365] days. HF events were recorded in 9 (12.5%) patients. NT-proBNP values at admission, 72 hours, and ΔNT-proBNP were 89 (26-268) pg/mL, 452 (223-1064) pg/mL, and 283 (68-686) pg/mL, respectively. NT-proBNP at 72 hours and ΔNT-proBNP, but not admission NT-proBNP predicted new-onset HF events at follow-up (P=0.03, P=0.002 and P=0.89, respectively). The optimal area under the curve of 0.771 (95%, CI [0.630-0.912], P= 0.009) and cut-off value of 830 pg/mL (sensitivity 79%; specificity 76%) were found for NT-proBNP at 72 hours. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves for NT-proBNP at 72 hours dichotomized above and below this cut-off value, confirmed NT-proBNP at 72 hours >830 pg/mL as predictive of HF events (log-rank statistic = 8.688, P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS NT-proBNP level at 72 hours and ΔNT-proBNP (72 hours minus admission), but not at time of admission, predicted HF events in patients following STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco G Del Buono
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Cory R Trankle
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Leo Buckley
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Dinesh Kadariya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Justin M Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Salvatore Carbone
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jeremy Turlington
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Roshanak Markley
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Edoardo Bressi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Benjamin W VAN Tassell
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Antonio Abbate
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA -
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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11
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Meng X, Fu M, Wang J, Xu H. Effects of Recombinant Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism Complicated with Right Ventricular Dysfunction Who Underwent Catheter-Directed Therapy. Int Heart J 2022; 63:8-14. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mingming Fu
- Department of Foreign Language, North Sichuan Medical College
| | | | - Hui Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University
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12
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Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death worldwide1. Although advances have been made in acute treatment, an incomplete understanding of remodelling processes has limited the effectiveness of therapies to reduce late-stage mortality2. Here we generate an integrative high-resolution map of human cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction using single-cell gene expression, chromatin accessibility and spatial transcriptomic profiling of multiple physiological zones at distinct time points in myocardium from patients with myocardial infarction and controls. Multi-modal data integration enabled us to evaluate cardiac cell-type compositions at increased resolution, yielding insights into changes of the cardiac transcriptome and epigenome through the identification of distinct tissue structures of injury, repair and remodelling. We identified and validated disease-specific cardiac cell states of major cell types and analysed them in their spatial context, evaluating their dependency on other cell types. Our data elucidate the molecular principles of human myocardial tissue organization, recapitulating a gradual cardiomyocyte and myeloid continuum following ischaemic injury. In sum, our study provides an integrative molecular map of human myocardial infarction, represents an essential reference for the field and paves the way for advanced mechanistic and therapeutic studies of cardiac disease.
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13
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Gachpazan M, Mohammadinejad A, Saeidinia A, Rahimi HR, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Vakilian F, Rezayi M. A review of biosensors for the detection of B-type natriuretic peptide as an important cardiovascular biomarker. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5949-5967. [PMID: 34396470 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease, as the most serious threat to human health globally, is responsible for rising mortality rates, largely due to lifestyle and diet. Unfortunately, the main problem for patients at high risk of heart disease is the validation of prognostic tests. To this end, the detection of cardiovascular biomarkers has been employed to obtain pathological and physiological information in order to improve prognosis and early-stage diagnosis of chronic heart failure. Short-term changes in B-type natriuretic peptide are known as a standard and important biomarker for diagnosis of heart failure. The most important problem for detection is low concentration and short half-life in the blood. The normal concentration of BNP in blood is less than 7 nM (25 pg/mL), which increases significantly to more than 80 pg/mL. Therefore, the development of new biosensors with better sensitivity, detection limit, and dynamic range than current commercial kits is urgently needed. This review classifies the biosensors designed for detection of BNP into electrochemical, optical, microfluidic, and lateral-flow immunoassay techniques. The review clearly demonstrates that a variety of immunoassay, aptasensor, enzymatic and catalytic nanomaterials, and fluorophores have been successfully employed for detection of BNP at low attomolar ranges. Dtection of B-type natriuretic peptide with biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Gachpazan
- Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Arash Mohammadinejad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Amin Saeidinia
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9196773117, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Alavi Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177899191, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Farveh Vakilian
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9176699199, Iran
| | - Majid Rezayi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran. .,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran. .,Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.
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14
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Liu HH, Cao YX, Jin JL, Guo YL, Zhu CG, Wu NQ, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Xu RX, Dong Q, Li JJ. Prognostic value of NT-proBNP in patients with chronic coronary syndrome and normal left ventricular systolic function according to glucose status: a prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:84. [PMID: 33888145 PMCID: PMC8063320 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01271-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic value of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with different glucose status has not been established. This study sought to evaluate the significance of NT-proBNP in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and normal left-ventricular systolic function (LVSF) according to different glucose status, especially in those with abnormal glucose metabolism. Methods
A total of 8062 patients with CCS and normal LVSF were consecutively enrolled in this prospective study. Baseline plasma NT-proBNP levels were measured. The follow-up data of all patients were collected. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess the risk of MACEs according to NT-proBNP tertiles stratified by glucose status. Results Over an average follow-up of 59.13 ± 18.23 months, 569 patients (7.1 %) suffered from MACEs, including cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high NT-proBNP levels had a significant association with MACEs in subjects with prediabetes mellitus (pre-DM) or DM, but not in patients with normoglycemia. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that NT-proBNP remained an independent predictor of MACEs in patients with pre-DM [hazard ratio (HR): 2.56, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34–4.91] or DM (HR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.32–4.16). Moreover, adding NT-proBNP to the original Cox model including traditional risk factors significantly increased the C-statistic by 0.035 in pre-DM and DM, respectively. Conclusions The present study indicated that NT-proBNP could well predict worse outcomes in dysglycemic patients with CCS and normal LVSF, suggesting that NT-proBNP may help with risk stratification in this population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-021-01271-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Xuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Lu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Gang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Na-Qiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, 100037, Beijing, China.
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15
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Singh BRK, Sethi R, Jain N, Chaudhry G, Saran M, Mishra O, Pradhan A. Left Ventricular Strain: A Reliable Predictor of Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction without Heart Failure. Adv Biomed Res 2021; 9:67. [PMID: 33816386 PMCID: PMC8012861 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_213_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a key determinant in decision-making after acute myocardial infarction (MI). Little is known of its relationship with left ventricular Strain and N-Terminal fragment of pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-pro-BNP) following acute anterior wall MI (AWMI). Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients with a diagnosis of acute AWMI and the absence of overt heart failure (HF). Assessment of LVEF, strain parameters on echocardiography was done, and NT-pro-BNP levels were obtained. Follow-up for adverse cardiac events was done for 30 days postdischarge. Correlation of LVEF and NT-pro-BNP with various strain parameters were ascertained. Results: Of the total of 50 patients of AWMI enrolled, the mean LVEF in the study was 43.46 ± 3.72%.Eleven patients (22%) had adverse events at 30 days of follow-up. Patients with adverse events had significantly higher overall peak systolic longitudinal strain (PSLS), lower mid-region peak systolic longitudinal velocity (PSLV), and basal region PSLV. A significant negative correlation was observed between LVEF and mean Peak PSLS of combined apical plus mid regions of the left ventricle (r = −0.700). Log10-NT-pro BNP also showed a strong negative correlation with overall PSLV (r = −0.792) as well as regional PSLV values of combined apical plus mid (r = −0.763) and basal segments (r = −0.748). Conclusions: In patients with AWMI without HF, PSLS and PSLV are good predictors of adverse outcomes at 30-day follow-up. Furthermore, NT-pro BNP can also be an indirect predictor of strain parameters on echocardiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie R K Singh
- Department of Cardiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishi Sethi
- Department of Cardiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nirdesh Jain
- Department of Cardiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Chaudhry
- Department of Cardiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahim Saran
- Department of Cardiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Omkar Mishra
- Department of Cardiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akshyaya Pradhan
- Department of Cardiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes is essential to prevent cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by proteasome inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:783. [PMID: 32951004 PMCID: PMC7502079 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heart is a multi-cellular organ made up of various cell types interacting with each other. Cardiomyocytes may benefit or suffer from crosstalk with noncardiomyocytes in response to diverse kinds of cardiac stresses. Proteasome dysfunction is a common cardiac stress which causes cardiac proteotoxicity and contributes to cardiac diseases such as heart failure and myocardial infarction. The role of crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes in defense of cardiac proteotoxicity remains unknown. Here, we report a cardiomyocyte-specific survival upon proteasome inhibition in a heterogeneous culture consisting of cardiomyocytes and other three major cardiac cell types. Conversely, cardiomyocyte apoptosis is remarkably induced by proteasome inhibition in a homogeneous culture consisting of a majority of cardiomyocytes, demonstrating an indispensable role of noncardiomyocytes in the prevention of cardiomyocyte apoptosis resulting from proteasome inhibition. We further show that cardiomyocytes express brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as an extracellular molecule in response to proteasome inhibition. Blockade of BNP receptor on noncardiomyocytes significantly exacerbated the cardiomyocyte apoptosis, indicating a paracrine function of cardiomyocyte-released extracellular BNP in activation of a protective feedback from noncardiomyocytes. Finally, we demonstrate that proteasome inhibition-activated transcriptional up-regulation of BNP in cardiomyocytes was associated with the dissociation of repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor (REST)/ histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) repressor complex from BNP gene promoter. Consistently, the induction of BNP could be further augmented by the treatment of HDAC inhibitors. We conclude that the crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes plays a crucial role in the protection of cardiomyocytes from proteotoxicity stress, and identify cardiomyocyte-released BNP as a novel paracrine signaling molecule mediating this crosstalk. These findings provide new insights into the key regulators and cardioprotective mechanism in proteasome dysfunction-related cardiac diseases.
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17
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Candemir M, Şahinarslan A, Yazol M, Öner YA, Boyacı B. Determination of Myocardial Scar Tissue in Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon and The Relationship Between Amount of Scar Tissue and Nt-ProBNP. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:540-551. [PMID: 32267328 PMCID: PMC7792723 DOI: 10.36660/abc.2018149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamento A fisiopatologia e o prognóstico não estão claramente determinados nos pacientes com fenômeno do fluxo coronário lento (FCL). Esses pacientes apresentam várias condições clínicas, que variam desde quadro assintomático até internação hospitalar com morte cardíaca súbita. Objetivos Nosso objetivo foi avaliar os achados da ressonância magnética cardíaca (RMC) com o realce tardio pelo gadolínio (RTG), como um indicador de fibrose miocárdica. Também buscamos determinar a relação entre a presença de fibrose miocárdica e os níveis de NT-proBNP em pacientes com FCL na artéria coronária descendente anterior esquerda (DAE). Métodos Ao todo, 35 pacientes, entre 31 e 75 anos de idade, foram incluídos. Os pacientes estudados (n=19) apresentaram artérias coronárias epicárdicas normais na angiografia, mas tinham FCL na DAE. O grupo controle de pacientes (n=16) apresentou artérias coronárias epicárdicas normais e níveis de escore TIMI normais na angiografia. Em ambos os grupos, os pacientes foram examinados com RMC para a detecção de presença de fibrose miocárdica. Além disso, níveis plasmáticos de NT-proBNP foram medidos. Valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados A taxa de fibrose miocárdica foi significativamente maior na RMC para os pacientes com FCL (p=0.018). Uma quantidade variável de tecido cicatricial foi detectada no ápice ventricular esquerdo em 7 pacientes e nas regiões inferior e inferolateral em 3 pacientes. Não foram observadas diferenças nos níveis de NT-proBNP nos pacientes com FCL. Entretanto, os níveis de NT-proBNP foram maiores nos pacientes com FCL, que apresentaram fibrose miocárdica na RMC (p=0.022). Conclusões Em suma, o RTG na RMC mostrou que a cicatriz miocárdica isquêmica pode estar presente nos pacientes com FCL. Esses resultados indicam que o FCL pode nem sempre ser inofensivo. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(3):540-551)
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Candemir
- Yozgat City Hospital - Department of Cardiology , Yozgat - Turquia.,Gazi University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Cardiology , Ankara - Turquia
| | - Asife Şahinarslan
- Gazi University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Cardiology , Ankara - Turquia
| | - Merve Yazol
- Şanlıurfa Education and Research Hospital , Department of Radiology , Şanlıurfa - Turquia
| | - Yusuf Ali Öner
- Gazi University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Radiology , Ankara - Turquia
| | - Bülent Boyacı
- Gazi University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Cardiology , Ankara - Turquia
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18
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Associations of cardiovascular biomarkers and plasma albumin with exceptional survival to the highest ages. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3820. [PMID: 32732919 PMCID: PMC7393489 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Supercentenarians (those aged ≥110 years) are approaching the current human longevity limit by preventing or surviving major illness. Identifying specific biomarkers conducive to exceptional survival might provide insights into counter-regulatory mechanisms against aging-related disease. Here, we report associations between cardiovascular disease-related biomarkers and survival to the highest ages using a unique dataset of 1,427 oldest individuals from three longitudinal cohort studies, including 36 supercentenarians, 572 semi-supercentenarians (105–109 years), 288 centenarians (100–104 years), and 531 very old people (85–99 years). During follow-up, 1,000 participants (70.1%) died. Overall, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin-6, cystatin C and cholinesterase are associated with all-cause mortality independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and plasma albumin. Of these, low NT-proBNP levels are statistically associated with a survival advantage to supercentenarian age. Only low albumin is associated with high mortality across age groups. These findings expand our knowledge on the biology of human longevity. Supercentenarians are approaching the current longevity limit by avoiding or surviving major illness, thus identifying biomarkers for exceptional survival might provide insights into the protection against disease of aging. Here, the authors show low NT-proBNP and high albumin in plasma are the biological correlates of survival to the highest ages.
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19
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Celebi S, Celebi OO, Cetin S, Cetin HO, Tek M, Gokaslan S, Amasyali B, Berkalp B, Diker E, Aydogdu S. The Usefulness of Admission Plasma NT-pro BNP Level to Predict Left Ventricular Aneurysm Formation after Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 113:1129-1137. [PMID: 31664316 PMCID: PMC7021256 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is an important complication of acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we investigated the role of N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide level to predict the LVA development after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods We prospectively enrolled 1519 consecutive patients with STEMI. Patients were divided into two groups according to LVA development within the six months after index myocardial infarction. Patients with or without LVAs were examined to determine if a significant relationship existed between the baseline N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide values and clinical characteristics. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results LVA was detected in 157 patients (10.3%). The baseline N- Terminal pro- B type natriuretic peptide level was significantly higher in patients who developed LVA after acute MI (523.5 ± 231.1 pg/mL vs. 192.3 ± 176.6 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001). Independent predictors of LVA formation after acute myocardial infarction was age > 65 y, smoking, Killip class > 2, previous coronary artery bypass graft, post-myocardial infarction heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, failure of reperfusion, no-reflow phenomenon, peak troponin I and CK-MB and NT-pro BNP > 400 pg/mL at admission. Conclusions Our findings indicate that plasma N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide level at admission among other variables provides valuable predictive information regarding the development of LVA after acute STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savas Celebi
- TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Universitesi - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozcan Celebi
- University of Health Science, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
| | - Serkan Cetin
- TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Universitesi - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
| | - Hande Ozcan Cetin
- University of Health Science, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
| | - Mujgan Tek
- TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Universitesi - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
| | | | - Basri Amasyali
- TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Universitesi - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
| | - Berkten Berkalp
- TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Universitesi - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
| | - Erdem Diker
- TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Universitesi - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
| | - Sinan Aydogdu
- University of Health Science, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital - Cardiology, Ankara - Turkey
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20
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Nakanishi N, Kaikita K, Ishii M, Oimatsu Y, Mitsuse T, Ito M, Yamanaga K, Fujisue K, Kanazawa H, Sueta D, Takashio S, Arima Y, Araki S, Nakamura T, Sakamoto K, Suzuki S, Yamamoto E, Soejima H, Tsujita K. Cardioprotective Effects of Rivaroxaban on Cardiac Remodeling After Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Mice. Circ Rep 2020; 2:158-166. [PMID: 33693223 PMCID: PMC7921351 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-19-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Direct-activated factor X (FXa) plays an important role in thrombosis and is also involved in inflammation via the protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 and PAR-2 pathway. We hypothesized that rivaroxaban protects against cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and Results:
MI was induced in wild-type mice by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. At day 1 after MI, mice were randomly assigned to the rivaroxaban and vehicle groups. Mice in the rivaroxaban group were provided with a regular chow diet plus rivaroxaban. We evaluated cardiac function by echocardiography, pathology, expression of mRNA and protein at day 7 after MI. Rivaroxaban significantly improved cardiac systolic function, decreased infarct size and cardiac mass compared with the vehicle. Rivaroxaban also downregulated the mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, PAR-1 and PAR-2 in the infarcted area, and both A-type and B-type natriuretic peptides in the non-infarcted area compared with the vehicle. Furthermore, rivaroxaban attenuated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the non-infarcted area compared with the vehicle. Conclusions:
Rivaroxaban protected against cardiac dysfunction in MI model mice. Reduction of PAR-1, PAR-2 and proinflammatory cytokines in the infarcted area may be involved in its cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Masanobu Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yu Oimatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Tatsuro Mitsuse
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Miwa Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Kenshi Yamanaga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Koichiro Fujisue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Hisanori Kanazawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Daisuke Sueta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Seiji Takashio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yuichiro Arima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Satoshi Araki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Taishi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Satoru Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Hirofumi Soejima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
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Abstract
Right ventricular failure is common in critically ill patients, as it frequently results from pulmonary embolism or pulmonary hypertension, and can complicate sepsis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Right ventricular dysfunction can be challenging to manage and is associated with poor outcomes in this wide array of disease. Laboratory biomarkers are rapid, noninvasive, accurate, and widely available and thus are useful in the diagnosis and management of right ventricular dysfunction in the critically ill patient. This article discusses the pathophysiology of right ventricular failure and reviews the applications of commonly used biomarkers in right ventricular dysfunction in critical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha M. Pradhan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Christopher Mullin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Hooman D. Poor
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA,Correspondence: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674
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22
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Zhang K, Wiedemann S, Dschietzig M, Cremers MM, Augstein A, Poitz DM, Quick S, Pfluecke C, Heinzel FR, Pieske B, Adams V, Linke A, Strasser RH, Heidrich FM. The infarction zone rather than the noninfarcted remodeling zone overexpresses angiotensin II receptor type 1 and is the main source of ventricular atrial natriuretic peptide. Cardiovasc Pathol 2019; 44:107160. [PMID: 31759320 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2019.107160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromogranin B and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-associated calcium signaling leading to increased natriuretic peptide production has been described in cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we performed left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in rats as a model for systolic heart failure and examined protein and gene expression clusters in the infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium and moreover under treatment with metoprolol. We found that atrial natriuretic peptide gene transcription was significantly more elevated in the infarcted compared with the noninfarcted myocardium. Chromogranin B, which facilitates calcium release from internal stores through the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, was upregulated in both areas. Interestingly, angiotensin II receptor type 1 gene transcription was significantly upregulated in the infarcted and unchanged in the noninfarcted myocardium. Nuclear factor ĸappa B as a calcium-dependent transcription factor showed increased activity in the infarction zone. The β-adrenergic axis does not seem to be involved, as metoprolol treatment did not have a significant impact on any of these results. We conclude that region-specific upregulation of angiotensin II receptor type 1 is a major factor for increased atrial natriuretic peptide production in the infarcted anterior wall. This effect is most likely achieved through inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated cytosolic calcium increase and subsequent nuclear factor ĸappa B activation, which is a known transcription factor for natriuretic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Wiedemann
- Helios Klinikum Pirna, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Pirna, Germany
| | - Martin Dschietzig
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Herzzentrum Dresden at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Melissa M Cremers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Herzzentrum Dresden at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Antje Augstein
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Herzzentrum Dresden at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - David M Poitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Silvio Quick
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Herzzentrum Dresden at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Pfluecke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Herzzentrum Dresden at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank R Heinzel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Adams
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Herzzentrum Dresden at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Axel Linke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Herzzentrum Dresden at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ruth H Strasser
- Technische Universität Dresden, Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix M Heidrich
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Herzzentrum Dresden at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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23
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Cao Z, Zhao M, Xu C, Zhang T, Jia Y, Wang T, Zhu B. Evaluation of Agonal Cardiac Function for Sudden Cardiac Death in Forensic Medicine with Postmortem Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) and NT‐proBNP: A Meta‐analysis. J Forensic Sci 2019; 65:686-691. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Forensic Pathology School of Forensic Medicine China Medical University Shenyang 110122 China
| | - Mengyang Zhao
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Biology School of Forensic Medicine China Medical University Shenyang 110122 China
| | - Chengyang Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110001 China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology School of Forensic Medicine China Medical University Shenyang 110122 China
| | - Yuqing Jia
- Department of Forensic Pathology School of Forensic Medicine China Medical University Shenyang 110122 China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology School of Forensic Medicine China Medical University Shenyang 110122 China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Department of Forensic Pathology School of Forensic Medicine China Medical University Shenyang 110122 China
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24
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Maimaiti A, Li Y, Wang YT, Yang X, Li XM, Yang YN, Ma YT. Association of platelet-to-lymphocyte count ratio with myocardial reperfusion and major adverse events in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a two-centre retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e025628. [PMID: 31537554 PMCID: PMC6756339 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insufficient myocardial reperfusion for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) has a great influence on prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with myocardial reperfusion and in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with AMI undergoing PPCI. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Patients and researchers from two tertiary hospitals. PARTICIPANTS A total of 445 consecutive AMI patients who underwent PPCI between January 2015 and December 2017 were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups based on the PLR value: patients with PLR values in the third tertile were defined as the high-PLR group (n=150), and those in the lower two tertiles were defined as the low-PLR group (n=295). Explicit criteria for inclusion and exclusion were applied. INTERVENTIONS No interventions. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measures were defined as cardiovascular death, reinfarction or target vessel revascularisation. Secondary outcome measures were defined as stroke, non-lethal myocardial infarction, ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS The high-PLR group had insufficient myocardial perfusion (23% vs 13%, p=0.003), greater postprocedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade (0-2) (17% vs 10%, p=0.037), greater myocardial blush grade (0-1) (11% vs 4%, p=0.007) and higher B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (614±600 vs 316±429, p<0.001) compared with the low-PLR group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the independent risk factors for impaired myocardial perfusion were high PLR (OR 1.256, 95% CI 1.003 to 1.579, p=0.056) and high BNP (OR 1.328, 95% CI 1.056 to 1.670, p=0.015). The high-PLR group had significantly more MACEs (43% vs 32%, p=0.029). CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that high PLR and BNP were independent risk factors for insufficient myocardial reperfusion in patients with AMI. Higher PLR was related to advanced heart failure and in-hospital MACEs in patients with AMI undergoing PPCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailifeire Maimaiti
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yong-Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Ning Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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25
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Cao Z, Jia Y, Zhu B. BNP and NT-proBNP as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Cardiac Dysfunction in Both Clinical and Forensic Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081820. [PMID: 31013779 PMCID: PMC6515513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) are widely used as diagnostic biomarkers for heart failure (HF) and cardiac dysfunction in clinical medicine. They are also used as postmortem biomarkers reflecting cardiac function of the deceased before death in forensic medicine. Several previous studies have reviewed BNP and NT-proBNP in clinical medicine, however, few articles have reviewed their application in forensic medicine. The present article reviews the biological features, the research and application status, and the future research prospects of BNP and NT-proBNP in both clinical medicine and forensic medicine, thereby providing valuable assistance for clinicians and forensic pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Yuqing Jia
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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26
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Nørstrud KS, Vindas MA, Nilsson GE, Johansen IB. Short-term cortisol exposure alters cardiac hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic signalling in a time-dependent manner in rainbow trout. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.037853. [PMID: 30341103 PMCID: PMC6310887 DOI: 10.1242/bio.037853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac disease is a growing concern in farmed animals, and stress has been implicated as a factor for myocardial dysfunction and mortality in commercial fish rearing. We recently showed that the stress hormone cortisol induces pathological cardiac remodelling in rainbow trout. Wild and farmed salmonids are exposed to fluctuations and sometimes prolonged episodes of increased cortisol levels. Thus, studying the timeframe of cortisol-induced cardiac remodelling is necessary to understand its role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in salmonids. We here establish that 3 weeks of cortisol exposure is sufficient to increase relative ventricular mass (RVM) by 20% in rainbow trout. Moreover, increased RVMs are associated with altered expression of hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic remodelling markers. Further, we characterised the time course of cortisol-induced cardiac remodelling by feeding rainbow trout cortisol-containing feed for 2, 7 and 21 days. We show that the effect of cortisol on expression of hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic remodelling markers is time-dependent and in some cases acute. Our data indicate that short-term stressors and life cycle transitions associated with elevated cortisol levels can potentially influence hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic remodelling of the trout heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco A Vindas
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0371, Norway.,Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo 0454, Norway
| | - Göran E Nilsson
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0371, Norway
| | - Ida B Johansen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0371, Norway .,Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo 0454, Norway
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27
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Wang D, Gladysheva IP, Sullivan RD, Fan THM, Mehta RM, Tripathi R, Sun Y, Reed GL. Increases in plasma corin levels following experimental myocardial infarction reflect the severity of ischemic injury. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202571. [PMID: 30192780 PMCID: PMC6128455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Following acute myocardial infarction, clinical studies show alterations in the blood levels of corin, a cardiac-selective activator of the natriuretic peptides pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (pro-ANP) and pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP). However, the temporal changes in circulating and cardiac corin levels and their relationships to the severity of myocardial infarction have not been studied. The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between cardiac and circulating corin levels and their association with cardiac systolic function and infarct size during the early phase of acute myocardial infarction (<72 h) in a translationally relevant induced coronary ligation mouse model. This acute phase timeline was chosen to correlate with the clinical practice within which blood samples are collected from myocardial infarction patients. Heart and plasma samples were examined at 3, 24, and 72 hours post acute myocardial infarction. Plasma corin levels were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, transcripts of cardiac corin, pro-ANP and pro-BNP by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, cardiac corin expression by immunohistology, infarct size by histology and heart function by echocardiography. Plasma corin levels were significantly increased at 3 (P<0.05), 24 (P<0.001), and 72 hours (P<0.01) post-acute myocardial infarction. In contrast, cardiac corin transcript levels dropped by 5% (P>0.05), 69% (P<0.001) and 65% (P<0.001) and immunoreactive cardiac corin protein levels dropped by 30% (P<0.05), 76% (P<0.001) and 75% (P<0.001), while cardiac pro-ANP and pro-BNP transcript levels showed an opposite pattern. Plasma corin levels were negatively correlated with immunoreactive cardiac corin (P<0.01), ejection fraction (P<0.05) and fractional shortening (P<0.05), but positively correlated with infarct size (P<0.01). In conclusion, acute myocardial infarction induces rapid increases in plasma corin and decreases in cardiac corin levels. In the early phase of acute myocardial infarction, plasma corin levels are inversely correlated with heart function and may reflect the severity of myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Inna P. Gladysheva
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ryan D. Sullivan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Tai-Hwang M. Fan
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Radhika M. Mehta
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ranjana Tripathi
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Guy L. Reed
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
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28
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Yang Y, Yang J, Sui F, Huo P, Yang H. Identification of Potential Molecular Mechanisms and Candidate Genes Involved in The Acute Phase of Myocardial Infarction. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 20:435-442. [PMID: 29845799 PMCID: PMC6005004 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2018.5213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study used bioinformatics to determine genetic factors involved in progression of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and Methods In this prospective study, gene expression profile GSE59867 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which contained 46 normal samples obtained from stable coronary artery disease patients (n=46) who were without history of MI (control) and 390 samples from patients (n=111) who had evolving ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) as the MI group. These samples were divided into 4 groups based on time points. After identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we conducted hierarchical clustering and functional enrichment analysis. Protein interaction and transcriptional regulation among DEGs were analysed. Results We observed 8 clusters of DEGs that had a peak or a minimum at the t=1 time point according to gene expression levels. Upregulated DEGs showed significant enrichment in the biological process, single-organism cellular process, response to stimulus and stress, and osteoclast differentiation and lysosome. Downregulated DEGs enriched in the T-cell receptor signalling pathway and natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. We identified multiple genes, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase (LCK); and FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase (FYN) from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and/or the transcriptional regulatory network. Conclusion Cytokine-mediated inflammation, lysosome and osteoclast differentiation, and metabolism processes, as well as STAT3 may be involved in the acute phase of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fenghua Sui
- Cardiovascular Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital (Xinmin District), Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Huo
- Intensive Care Unit, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China. Electronic Address:
| | - Hailing Yang
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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29
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Pryds K, Nielsen RR, Jorsal A, Hansen MS, Ringgaard S, Refsgaard J, Kim WY, Petersen AK, Bøtker HE, Schmidt MR. Effect of long-term remote ischemic conditioning in patients with chronic ischemic heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:67. [PMID: 29071437 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0658-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) protects against acute ischemia-reperfusion injury and may also have beneficial effects in patients with stable cardiovascular disease. We investigated the effect of long-term RIC treatment in patients with chronic ischaemic heart failure (CIHF). In a parallel group study, 22 patients with compensated CIHF and 21 matched control subjects without heart failure or ischemic heart disease were evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, skeletal muscle function testing, blood pressure measurement and blood sampling before and after 28 ± 4 days of once daily RIC treatment. RIC was conducted as four cycles of 5 min upper arm ischemia followed by 5 min of reperfusion. RIC did not affect left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) or global longitudinal strain (GLS) in patients with CIHF (p = 0.63 and p = 0.11) or matched controls (p = 0.32 and p = 0.20). RIC improved GLS in the subgroup of patients with CIHF and with NT-proBNP plasma levels above the geometric mean of 372 ng/l (p = 0.04). RIC did not affect peak workload or oxygen uptake in either patients with CIHF (p = 0.26 and p = 0.59) or matched controls (p = 0.61 and p = 0.10). However, RIC improved skeletal muscle power in both groups (p = 0.02 for both). In patients with CIHF, RIC lowered systolic blood pressure (p < 0.01) and reduced NT-proBNP plasma levels (p = 0.02). Our findings suggest that long-term RIC treatment does not improve LVEF but increases skeletal muscle function and reduces blood pressure and NT-proBNP in patients with compensated CIHF. This should be investigated in a randomized sham-controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Pryds
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Roni Ranghøj Nielsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Viborg Region Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Anders Jorsal
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mona Sahlholdt Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Refsgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Viborg Region Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Won Yong Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- MR Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Annemette Krintel Petersen
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Centre of Research in Rehabilitation (CORIR), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans Erik Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Rahbek Schmidt
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
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30
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Pan Y, Lu Z, Hang J, Ma S, Ma J, Wei M. Effects of Low-Dose Recombinant Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide on Anterior Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2017; 32:96-103. [PMID: 28492790 PMCID: PMC5409251 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2016-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The mortality due to cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial
infarction (AMI) is high even in patients with early revascularization.
Infusion of low dose recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) at
the time of AMI is well tolerated and could improve cardiac function. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of rhBNP
in AMI patients revascularized by emergency percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI) who developed cardiogenic shock. Methods A total of 48 patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
(STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock and whose hemodynamic status was
improved following emergency PCI were enrolled. Patients were randomly
assigned to rhBNP (n=25) and control (n=23) groups. In addition to standard
therapy, study group individuals received rhBNP by continuous infusion at
0.005 µg kg−1 min−1 for 72 hours. Results Baseline characteristics, medications, and peak of cardiac troponin I (cTnI)
were similar between both groups. rhBNP treatment resulted in consistently
improved pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) compared to the control
group. Respectively, 7 and 9 patients died in experimental and control
groups. No drug-related serious adverse events occurred in either group. Conclusion When added to standard care in stable patients with cardiogenic shock
complicating anterior STEMI, low dose rhBNP improves PCWP and is well
tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesheng Pan
- Heart Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - ZhiGang Lu
- Heart Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Hang
- Heart Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shixin Ma
- Heart Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ma
- Heart Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wei
- Heart Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
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31
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Cao ZP, Xue JJ, Zhang Y, Tian MH, Xiao Y, Jia YQ, Zhu BL. Differential expression of B-type natriuretic peptide between left and right ventricles, with particular regard to sudden cardiac death. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4763-4769. [PMID: 28765973 PMCID: PMC5647027 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the differential expression of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) between the left and right ventricle (RV) in sudden cardiac death (SCD). A total of 26 forensic autopsy cases of sudden death (survival time <30 min, postmortem interval <48 h or frozen within 6 h following death) in the present institute were examined. The cases consisted of acute ischemic heart disease (AIHD, n=15) with/without apparent myocardial necrosis as a sign of infarction (acute myocardial infarction, n=6; ischemic heart disease, IHD, n=9), and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC/D, n=5), in addition to traffic accidents and high falls without any pre existing heart disease as control (C, total n=6). BNP was investigated in all cases by the colloidal gold method, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the molecular pathological method. The IHC results demonstrated that a positive BNP immunostaining was detected in all groups; however, there was no difference between different causes of death. Pericardial N-terminal (NT)-proBNP concentration was significantly increased in deaths resulting from AIHD and ARVC/D compared with control group. The relative quantification of BNP mRNA demonstrated that relative expression levels of BNP mRNA were significantly increased in the left ventricle (LV) in the AIHD group, and in the RV of the ARVC/D group. The relative quantification difference and ratio of BNP mRNA between LV and RV demonstrated a significantly greater value in the AIHD group compared with control group. BNP mRNA in myocardium and NT-proBNP concentration in pericardial fluid were elevated in SCD patients, and left ventricular dysfunction predominated in AIHD patients, whereas right ventricular dysfunction predominated in ARVC/D patients. The results of the present study suggest the possible use of molecular pathology of BNP for the determination of terminal cardiac function in SCD and analysis of its fatal mechanism in forensic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Cao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Jia Xue
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Hui Tian
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Jia
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Li Zhu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
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17β-Estradiol and/or estrogen receptor alpha blocks isoproterenol-induced calcium accumulation and hypertrophy via GSK3β/PP2A/NFAT3/ANP pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 434:181-195. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sarzani R, Spannella F, Giulietti F, Balietti P, Cocci G, Bordicchia M. Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2017; 24:115-126. [PMID: 28378069 PMCID: PMC5440492 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-017-0196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease is increasing worldwide. One of the most important risk factors for CV disease is hypertension that is very often related to obesity and metabolic syndrome. The search for key mechanisms, linking high blood pressure (BP), glucose and lipid dysmetabolism together with higher CV risk and mortality, is attracting increasing attention. Cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs), including ANP and BNP, may play a crucial role in maintaining CV homeostasis and cardiac health, given their impact not only on BP regulation, but also on glucose and lipid metabolism. The summa of all metabolic activities of cardiac NPs, together with their CV and sodium balance effects, may be very important in decreasing the overall CV risk. Therefore, in the next future, cardiac NPs system, with its two receptors and a neutralizing enzyme, might represent one of the main targets to treat these multiple related conditions and to reduce hypertension and metabolic-related CV risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Sarzani
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy.
- Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesco Spannella
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy
- Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federico Giulietti
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy
- Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Balietti
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy
- Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Guido Cocci
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy
- Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marica Bordicchia
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy
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Liew CW, Xu S, Wang X, McCann M, Whang Kong H, Carley AC, Pang J, Fantuzzi G, O'Donnell JM, Lewandowski ED. Multiphasic Regulation of Systemic and Peripheral Organ Metabolic Responses to Cardiac Hypertrophy. Circ Heart Fail 2017; 10:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.003864. [PMID: 28404627 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.117.003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced fat oxidation in hypertrophied hearts coincides with a shift of carnitine palmitoyl transferase I from muscle to increased liver isoforms. Acutely increased carnitine palmitoyl transferase I in normal rodent hearts has been shown to recapitulate the reduced fat oxidation and elevated atrial natriuretic peptide message of cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Because of the potential for reduced fat oxidation to affect cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide, and thus, induce adipose lipolysis, we studied peripheral and systemic metabolism in male C57BL/6 mice model of transverse aortic constriction in which left ventricular hypertrophy occurred by 2 weeks without functional decline until 16 weeks (ejection fraction, -45.6%; fractional shortening, -22.6%). We report the first evidence for initially improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in response to 2 weeks transverse aortic constriction versus sham, linked to enhanced insulin signaling in liver and visceral adipose tissue (epididymal white adipose tissue [WAT]), reduced WAT inflammation, elevated adiponectin, mulitilocular subcutaneous adipose tissue (inguinal WAT) with upregulated oxidative/thermogenic gene expression, and downregulated lipolysis and lipogenesis genes in epididymal WAT. By 6 weeks transverse aortic constriction, the metabolic profile reversed with impaired insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, reduced insulin signaling in liver, epididymal WAT and heart, and downregulation of oxidative enzymes in brown adipose tissue and oxidative and lipogenic genes in inguinal WAT. CONCLUSIONS Changes in insulin signaling, circulating natriuretic peptides and adipokines, and varied expression of adipose genes associated with altered insulin response/glucose handling and thermogenesis occurred prior to any functional decline in transverse aortic constriction hearts. The findings demonstrate multiphasic responses in extracardiac metabolism to pathogenic cardiac stress, with early iWAT browning providing potential metabolic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wee Liew
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Shanshan Xu
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Xuerong Wang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Maximilian McCann
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Hyerim Whang Kong
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Andrew C Carley
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Jingbo Pang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Giamila Fantuzzi
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - J Michael O'Donnell
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.).
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Cerisano G, Buonamici P, Parodi G, Santini A, Moschi G, Valenti R, Migliorini A, Colonna P, Bellandi B, Gori AM, Antoniucci D. Early changes of left ventricular filling pattern after reperfused ST-elevation myocardial infarction and doxycycline therapy: Insights from the TIPTOP trial. Int J Cardiol 2017; 240:43-48. [PMID: 28433557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Metalloproteinases inhibition by doxycycline reduces cardiac protein degradation at extracellular and intracellular level in the experimental model ischemia/reperfusion injury. Since both extracellular cardiac matrix and titin filaments inside the cardiomyocyte are responsible for the myocardial stiffness, we hypothesized that doxycycline could favorably act on left ventricular (LV) filling pressures in patients after reperfused acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS Seventy-three of 110 patients of the TIPTOP trial underwent a 2D-Echo-Doppler on admission, and at pre-discharge and at 6-month after a primary PCI for STEMI and LV dysfunction. From admission to pre-discharge, LV filling changed from a high filling pressure (HFP) to a normal filling pressure (NFP) pattern in 91% of the doxycycline-group, and in 67% of the control-group. Conversely, 1% of the doxycycline-group, and 37% of the control-group changed the LV filling from NFP to HFP pattern. Overall, a pre-discharge HFP pattern was present in 4 patients (11%) of the doxycycline-group and in 13 patients (36%) of the control-group (p=0.025). The evaluation of metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors plasma concentrations provide possible favorable action of doxycycline. On the multivariate analyses, troponine I peak (p=0.026), doxycycline (p=0.033), and on admission to pre-discharge LVEF changes (p=0.044) were found to be associated with pre-discharge HFP pattern. Independently of their baseline LV filling behavior, the 6-month remodeling was less in patients with pre-discharge NFP pattern than in patients with HFP pattern. CONCLUSIONS In patients with STEMI and LV dysfunction doxycycline can favorably modulate the LV filling pattern early after primary PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Cerisano
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | | | - Guido Parodi
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Santini
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Guia Moschi
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Renato Valenti
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Angela Migliorini
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Colonna
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bellandi
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Gori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - David Antoniucci
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Inhibition of Cardiac Hypertrophy Effects in D-Galactose-Induced Senescent Hearts by Alpinate Oxyphyllae Fructus Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2624384. [PMID: 28479925 PMCID: PMC5396449 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2624384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex physiological phenomenon accelerated by ROS accumulation, with multisystem decline and increasing vulnerability to degenerative diseases and death. Cardiac hypertrophy is a key pathophysiological component that accompanies the aging process. Alpinate Oxyphyllae Fructus (Alpinia oxyphylla MIQ, AOF) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which provides cardioprotective activity against aging, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disorders. In this study, we found the protective effect of AOF against cardiac hypertrophy in D-galactose-induced aging rat model. The results showed that treating rats with D-galactose resulted in pathological hypertrophy as evident from the morphology change, increased left ventricular weight/whole heart weight, and expression of hypertrophy-related markers (MYH7 and BNP). Both concentric and eccentric cardiac hypertrophy signaling proteins were upregulated in aging rat model. However, these pathological changes were significantly improved in AOF treated group (AM and AH) in a dose-dependent manner. AOF negatively modulated D-galactose-induced cardiac hypertrophy signaling mechanism to attenuate ventricular hypertrophy. These enhanced cardioprotective activities following oral administration of AOF reflect the potential use of AOF for antiaging treatments.
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A Novel Role for Brain Natriuretic Peptide: Inhibition of IL-1β Secretion via Downregulation of NF-kB/Erk 1/2 and NALP3/ASC/Caspase-1 Activation in Human THP-1 Monocyte. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:5858315. [PMID: 28331244 PMCID: PMC5346358 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5858315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a pleiotropic cytokine and a crucial mediator of inflammatory and immune responses. IL-1β processing and release are tightly controlled by complex pathways such as NF-kB/ERK1/2, to produce pro-IL-1β, and NALP3/ASC/Caspase-1 inflammasome, to produce the active secreted protein. Dysregulation of both IL-1β and its related pathways is involved in inflammatory/autoimmune disorders and in a wide range of other diseases. Identifying molecules modulating their expression is a crucial need to develop new therapeutic agents. IL-1β is a strong regulator of Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP), a hormone involved in cardiovascular homeostasis by guanylyl cyclase Natriuretic Peptide Receptor (NPR-1). An emerging role of BNP in inflammation and immunity, although proposed, remains largely unexplored. Here, we newly demonstrated that, in human THP-1 monocytes, LPS/ATP-induced IL-1β secretion is strongly inhibited by BNP/NPR-1/cGMP axis at all the molecular mechanisms that tightly control its production and release, NF-kB, ERK 1/2, and all the elements of NALP3/ASC/Caspase-1 inflammasome cascade, and that NALP3 inflammasome inhibition is directly related to BNP deregulatory effect on NF-kB/ERK 1/2 activation. Our findings reveal a novel potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory role for BNP and open new alleys of investigation for a possible employment of this endogenous agent in the treatment of inflammatory/immune-related and IL-1β/NF-kB/ERK1/2/NALP3/ASC/Caspase-1-associated diseases.
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Cao ZP, Zhang Y, Mi L, Luo XY, Tian MH, Zhu BL. The Expression of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide After CaCl2-Induced Arrhythmias in Rats. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2017; 37:133-40. [PMID: 27258852 DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the patterns of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) expression after arrhythmia, BNP was assessed at different time points (0 minute, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours) in CaCl2-induced arrhythmia in rats through various methods such as immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemistry results showed that the expression of BNP in the endocardium was higher than that in the epicardium in rats undergoing sustained arrhythmias. The BNP-to-GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) ratios determined by Western blotting analysis revealed no change at 0 minute but increased at 10 minutes and reached the first peak (0.48 [0.03]) at 30 minutes. After a brief decline, the second peak was observed at 6 hours (0.54 [0.03]). Similar patterns of BNP messenger RNA expression were also observed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The plasma BNP concentrations did not change after initial bouts of cardiac arrhythmias but significantly increased 30 minutes after CaCl2 injections. The results demonstrate that arrhythmia causes an elevation of BNP in the myocardium and blood, and BNP messenger RNA increases in initial arrhythmia while its protein in myocardium and plasma does not; however, both of them were elevated after sustained arrhythmia. Such an elevated BNP expression, which is directly related to the severity and duration of the arrhythmias, may suggest the existence of fatal arrhythmia in sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Cao
- From the Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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Giannitsis E, Katus HA. Biomarkers for Clinical Decision-Making in the Management of Pulmonary Embolism. Clin Chem 2017; 63:91-100. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.255240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated with high all-cause and PE-related mortality and requires individualized management. After confirmation of PE, a refined risk stratification is particularly warranted among normotensive patients. Previous prognostic models favored combinations of echocardiography or computed tomography suggestive of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction together with biomarkers of RV dysfunction (natriuretic peptides) or myocardial injury (cardiac troponins) to identify candidates for thrombolysis or embolectomy. In contrast, current predictive models using clinical scores such as the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) or its simplified version (sPESI) rather seek to identify patients, not only those at higher risk requiring observation for early detection of hemodynamic decompensation, and the need for initiation of rescue reperfusion therapy, but also those at low risk qualifying for early discharge and outpatient treatment. Almost all prediction models advocate the additional measurement of biomarkers along with imaging of RV dysfunction as part of a comprehensive algorithm.
CONTENT
The following mini-review will provide an updated overview on the individual components of different algorithms with a particular focus on guideline-recommended and new, less-established biomarkers for risk stratification, and how biomarkers should be implemented and interpreted.
SUMMARY
Ideally, biomarkers should be part of a comprehensive risk stratification algorithm used together with clinical risk scores as a basis, and/or imaging. For this purpose, cardiac troponins, including high-sensitivity troponin generations, natriuretic peptides, and h-FABP (heart-type fatty acid–binding protein) are currently recommended in guidelines. There is emerging evidence for several novel biomarkers that require further validation before being applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Giannitsis
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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40
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Ozkan M, Baysan O, Erinc K, Koz C, Yokusoglu M, Uzun M, Sag C, Genc C, Karaeren H, Isik E. Brain Natriuretic Peptide and the Severity of Aortic Regurgitation: Is There Any Correlation? J Int Med Res 2016; 33:454-9. [PMID: 16104449 DOI: 10.1177/147323000503300411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the correlation between aortic regurgitation severity and brain natriuretic (BNP) levels as a marker for left ventricular dysfunction. Sixty consecutive male patients (mean age 22 ± 3 years) with isolated chronic aortic regurgitation were enrolled in the study together with a control group of 30 age-matched healthy volunteers (group A). Patients were classified with regard to aortic regurgitation vena contracta width as follows: group B, < 3 mm, mild ( n = 16); group C, ≥ 3 and < 6 mm, moderate ( n = 26); group D, ≥ 6 mm, severe ( n = 18). BNP measurements were performed with a fluorescence immunoassay kit. BNP levels were increased in patients with aortic regurgitation, and severity of regurgitation had a significant influence on BNP levels. This effect can be explained by the volume loading effect of aortic regurgitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ozkan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
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Minami Y, Kajimoto K, Sato N, Hagiwara N, Takano T, Mebazaa A. Heterogeneity of the prognostic significance of B-type natriuretic peptide levels on admission in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure syndromes. Eur J Intern Med 2016; 31:41-9. [PMID: 26880295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that variation in baseline characteristics of patients with acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) affects the prognostic significance of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels because of heterogeneity of this patient population. We evaluated the association of elevated BNP levels on admission with an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes in subgroups of patients hospitalized for AHFS. METHODS This study included patients from the acute decompensated heart failure syndromes (ATTEND) study, a multicenter prospective cohort of 4501 AHFS patients with BNP data on admission. RESULTS The geometric mean BNP level was 654.9pg/mL (95% confidence interval: 636.1-674.2), and the optimal cut-off value for all-cause death was 1157pg/mL. All-cause mortality after admission was significantly higher in patients with high BNP levels (>1157pg/mL) than in those with low BNP levels (≤1157pg/mL) (median follow-up: 508days, log-rank P<0.001). Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the heterogeneity of the prognostic significance of BNP levels. The effect of high BNP levels on the risk of all-cause mortality was significantly greater in the subgroup of patients with a non-hypertensive etiology, low creatinine levels (<1.3mg/dL), and high sodium levels (≥135mEq/L) than in those without these factors (P=0.024, P<0.001, and P<0.001 for the interaction, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The present analysis shows that underlying etiology of heart failure (i.e., hypertensive), renal function, and sodium levels should be considered for assessing the clinical significance of elevated BNP levels on admission in relation to the risk of adverse outcome after hospitalization for AHFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Minami
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
| | | | - Naoki Sato
- Internal Medicine, Cardiology, and Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital, Kawasaki 211-8533, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Hagiwara
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Teruo Takano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- University Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint-Louis-Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris 75010, France
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El-Mahdy N, Salem ML, El-Sayad M, El-Desouky KI, Zaghow N. Bone marrow mononuclear cells enhance anti-inflammatory effects of pravastatin against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:393-402. [PMID: 26606075 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2015.1111959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the combinatorial effect of pravastatin (PRAV) and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induced experimentally in rats. After induction of MI, rats were given oral PRAV (20 mg/kg/day) for 28 days or a bolus intravenous injection (via lateral vein) of a total of 14 × 10(6) autologous BM-MNC or a combination of both. Serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and histologic changes in cardiac tissues were assessed. Cardiac contents of lipid peroxides, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and inflammatory biomarkers including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide (NO) were also measured. Combined PRAV and BM-MNC treatment significantly suppressed serum BNP. Cardiac cell apoptosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in heart tissue decreased significantly in both the PRAV and the PRAV + BM-MNC groups. Cardiac lipid peroxides along with TNFα and IL-1β levels were significantly reduced in both the PRAV and PRAV + BM-MNC hosts with an increase in SOD levels. However, the combined treatment increased cardiac NO levels and did not modify cardiac VEGF levels. The current results indicated that administration of BM-MNC improved the therapeutic efficacy of PRAV treatment by improving the morphology of infarcted hearts as well as decreasing inflammation in a host, but did not do so by inducing therapeutic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageh El-Mahdy
- a Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
| | - Mohamed L Salem
- b Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Immunology and Biotechnology Unit, Immunology and Biotechnology Division , Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
| | - Magda El-Sayad
- a Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
| | - Karima I El-Desouky
- c Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
| | - Nesma Zaghow
- a Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
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Kiczak L, Tomaszek A, Pasławska U, Bania J, Noszczyk-Nowak A, Skrzypczak P, Pasławski R, Zacharski M, Janiszewski A, Kuropka P, Ponikowski P, Jankowska EA. Sex differences in porcine left ventricular myocardial remodeling due to right ventricular pacing. Biol Sex Differ 2015; 6:32. [PMID: 26693003 PMCID: PMC4676102 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-015-0048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although sex differences in heart failure (HF) prevalence and severity have been recognized, its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. We used a tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy model to determine the sex specific remodeling pattern in male and female adult pigs. Methods We compared the echocardiographic and molecular measures of myocardial remodeling in 19 male and 12 female pigs with chronic symptomatic systolic HF due to right ventricle (RV) pacing (170 bpm) and 6 male and 5 female sham-operated controls. Males achieved subsequent HF stages earlier than females. Results The progression of symptomatic HF was associated with the reduction of the left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction in both sexes (all p < 0.05). A significant LV dilatation occurred only in males (p < 0.001). The HF development was accompanied by an increased pro-hypertrophic factor GATA4 and TGF-β1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the LV only in male pigs (all p < 0.01). The total gelatinolytic activity in LV was higher in males than females (irrespective of HF, p < 0.05), and the HF progression was associated with a reduced total gelatinolytic activity (p < 0.05) in the LV only in males. No differences in LV myocardial collagen content were found between HF groups and sexes. Cardiomyocyte cross-sectional diameter was significantly smaller in male hearts as compared to female (p < 0.05). Conclusions Male and female porcine hearts respond differently to RV pacing. Males, most likely due to a higher extracellular matrix turnover, demonstrated a significant LV dilatation, followed by a strong induction of pro-hypertrophic program, and an earlier development of symptomatic HF. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13293-015-0048-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Kiczak
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida Street 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Tomaszek
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Weigla Street 5, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Pasławska
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Internal Diseases and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 47, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Bania
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida Street 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Internal Diseases and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 47, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Skrzypczak
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 51, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Robert Pasławski
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department and Clinic of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Zacharski
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida Street 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Janiszewski
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Internal Diseases and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 47, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuropka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Weigla Street 5, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa A Jankowska
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Kamienskiego Street 73a, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Weigla Street 5, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland
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Korkmaz O, Yucel H, Zorlu A, Berkan O, Kaya H, Goksel S, Beton O, Yilmaz MB. Elevated gamma glutamyl transferase levels are associated with the location of acute pulmonary embolism. Cross-sectional evaluation in hospital setting. SAO PAULO MED J 2015; 133:488-94. [PMID: 26648276 PMCID: PMC10496562 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2015.00131806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The location of embolism is associated with clinical findings and disease severity in cases of acute pulmonary embolism. The level of gamma-glutamyl transferase increases under oxidative stress-related conditions. In this study, we investigated whether gamma-glutamyl transferase levels could predict the location of pulmonary embolism. DESIGN AND SETTING Hospital-based cross-sectional study at Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey. METHODS 120 patients who were diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism through computed tomography-assisted pulmonary angiography were evaluated. They were divided into two main groups (proximally and distally located), and subsequently into subgroups according to thrombus localization as follows: first group (thrombus in main pulmonary artery; n = 9); second group (thrombus in main pulmonary artery branches; n = 71); third group (thrombus in pulmonary artery segmental branches; n = 34); and fourth group (thrombus in pulmonary artery subsegmental branches; n = 8). RESULTS Gamma-glutamyl transferase levels on admission, heart rate, oxygen saturation, right ventricular dilatation/hypokinesia, pulmonary artery systolic pressure and cardiopulmonary resuscitation requirement showed prognostic significance in univariate analysis. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that gamma-glutamyl transferase level on admission (odds ratio, OR = 1.044; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.011-1.079; P = 0.009) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (OR = 1.063; 95% CI: 1.005-1.124; P = 0.033) remained independently associated with proximally localized thrombus in pulmonary artery. CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed a significant association between increased existing embolism load in the pulmonary artery and increased serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Korkmaz
- MD. Associate Professor, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Yucel
- MD. Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Ali Zorlu
- MD. Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Ocal Berkan
- MD. Professor and Head of Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Hakki Kaya
- MD. Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Sebahattin Goksel
- MD. Associate Professor, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Osman Beton
- MD. Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Birhan Yilmaz
- MD. Professor and Head of Department of Cardiology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
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Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Reducing Right Heart Failure Associated Mortality in Fibrotic Lung Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:929170. [PMID: 26583148 PMCID: PMC4637079 DOI: 10.1155/2015/929170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic lung diseases carry a significant mortality burden worldwide. A large proportion of these deaths are due to right heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Underlying contributory factors which appear to play a role in the mechanism of progression of right heart dysfunction include chronic hypoxia, defective calcium handling, hyperaldosteronism, pulmonary vascular alterations, cyclic strain of pressure and volume changes, elevation of circulating TGF-β, and elevated systemic NO levels. Specific therapies targeting pulmonary hypertension include calcium channel blockers, endothelin (ET-1) receptor antagonists, prostacyclin analogs, phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, and rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitors. Newer antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory agents may exert beneficial effects on heart failure in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, right ventricle-targeted therapies, aimed at mitigating the effects of functional right ventricular failure, include β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, antioxidants, modulators of metabolism, and 5-hydroxytryptamine-2B (5-HT2B) receptor antagonists. Newer nonpharmacologic modalities for right ventricular support are increasingly being implemented. Early, effective, and individualized therapy may prevent overt right heart failure in fibrotic lung disease leading to improved outcomes and quality of life.
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Feistritzer HJ, Reinstadler SJ, Klug G, Kremser C, Rederlechner A, Mair J, Müller S, Franz WM, Metzler B. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide is associated with aortic stiffness in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE 2015; 5:560-567. [PMID: 26452669 DOI: 10.1177/2048872615610866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic stiffness is associated with increased left ventricular (LV) afterload, a process which is accompanied by a release of natriuretic peptides. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been demonstrated to be the functional surrogate of aortic stiffness. We sought to investigate the impact of aortic PWV on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS This prospective observational study included 86 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for AMI. Aortic PWV was determined 47 h (interquartile range (IQR) 27-64 h) after AMI using an established oscillometric device. NT-proBNP values were measured using a commercially available immunoassay. RESULTS The mean age of the study cohort was 60±11 years; 19% were female. Median aortic PWV was 7.8 m/s (IQR 6.8-9.4 m/s). Patients with a PWV above the median showed significantly higher NT-proBNP peak concentrations (median=1330 ng/l, IQR: 729-3180 ng/l vs median=498 ng/l, IQR: 124-1575 ng/l, p=0.001). Aortic PWV (beta=0.373, p=0.014) was independently associated with NT-proBNP peak concentrations even after correction for LV function, cardiac troponin T levels, heart rate, blood pressure, body mass index and the primary prevention European Society of Cardiology (ESC) SCORE (model: R=0.542, p=0.014). CONCLUSION In patients with AMI, aortic PWV is independently associated with NT-proBNP concentrations. This finding suggests an impact of aortic PWV on myocardial wall stress after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gert Klug
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Andrea Rederlechner
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Mair
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvana Müller
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Bernhard Metzler
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Mushtaq S, Ali T, Javed Q, Tabassum S, Murtaza I. N-Acetyl Cysteine Inhibits Endothelin-1-Induced ROS Dependent Cardiac Hypertrophy through Superoxide Dismutase Regulation. CELL JOURNAL 2015. [PMID: 26199914 PMCID: PMC4503849 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.3746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Oxidative stress down regulates antioxidant enzymes including superoxide
dismutase (SOD) and contributes to the development of cardiac hypertrophy. N-Acetyl
cysteine (NAC) can enhance the SOD activity, so the aim of this study is to highlight the
inhibitory role of NAC against endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study at QAU from January, 2013 to March,
2013. ET-1 (50 µg/kg) and NAC (50 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally to 6-day old neonatal
rats in combination or alone. All rats were sacrificed 15 days after the final injection. Histological analysis was carried out to observe the effects caused by both drugs. Reactive oxygen
species (ROS) analysis and SOD assay were also carried out. Expression level of hyper-
trophic marker, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), was detected by western blotting.
Results Our findings showed that ET-1-induced cardiac hypertrophy leading towards
heart failure was due to the imbalance of different parameters including free radical-induced oxidative stress and antioxidative enzymes such as SOD. Furthermore NAC acted
as an antioxidant and played inhibitory role against ROS-dependent hypertrophy via regulatory role of SOD as a result of oxidative response associated with hypertrophy.
Conclusion ET-1-induced hypertrophic response is associated with increased ROS production and decreased SOD level, while NAC plays a role against free radicals-induced
oxidative stress via SOD regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Mushtaq
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Tabassum
- Department of Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Iram Murtaza
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Kluz K, Parenica J, Kubkova L, Littnerova S, Tomandl J, Poloczek M, Toman O, Tesak M, Cermakova Z, Gottwaldova J, Manousek J, Pavkova Goldbergova M, Spinar J, Jarkovsky J. Unstable angina pectoris prior to ST elevation myocardial infarction in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention has no influence on prognosis. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2015; 159:251-8. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2014.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Holditch SJ, Schreiber CA, Nini R, Tonne JM, Peng KW, Geurts A, Jacob HJ, Burnett JC, Cataliotti A, Ikeda Y. B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Deletion Leads to Progressive Hypertension, Associated Organ Damage, and Reduced Survival: Novel Model for Human Hypertension. Hypertension 2015; 66:199-210. [PMID: 26063669 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Altered myocardial structure and function, secondary to chronically elevated blood pressure, are leading causes of heart failure and death. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), a guanylyl cyclase A agonist, is a cardiac hormone integral to cardiovascular regulation. Studies have demonstrated a causal relationship between reduced production or impaired BNP release and the development of human hypertension. However, the consequences of BNP insufficiency on blood pressure and hypertension-associated complications remain poorly understood. Therefore, the goal of this study was to create and characterize a novel model of BNP deficiency to investigate the effects of BNP absence on cardiac and renal structure, function, and survival. Genetic BNP deletion was generated in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Compared with age-matched controls, BNP knockout rats demonstrated adult-onset hypertension. Increased left ventricular mass with hypertrophy and substantially augmented hypertrophy signaling pathway genes, developed in young adult knockout rats, which preceded hypertension. Prolonged hypertension led to increased cardiac stiffness, cardiac fibrosis, and thrombi formation. Significant elongation of the QT interval was detected at 9 months in knockout rats. Progressive nephropathy was also noted with proteinuria, fibrosis, and glomerular alterations in BNP knockout rats. End-organ damage contributed to a significant decline in overall survival. Systemic BNP overexpression reversed the phenotype of genetic BNP deletion. Our results demonstrate the critical role of BNP defect in the development of systemic hypertension and associated end-organ damage in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Holditch
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - Claire A Schreiber
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - Ryan Nini
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - Jason M Tonne
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - Kah-Whye Peng
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - Aron Geurts
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - Howard J Jacob
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - John C Burnett
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - Alessandro Cataliotti
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.)
| | - Yasuhiro Ikeda
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine (S.J.H., C.A.S., R.N., J.M.T., K.-W.P., Y.I.) and Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Physiology (J.C.B., A.C.), Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.G., H.J.J.); and Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (A.C.).
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Breivik L, Jensen A, Guvåg S, Aarnes EK, Aspevik A, Helgeland E, Hovland S, Brattelid T, Jonassen AK. B-type natriuretic peptide expression and cardioprotection is regulated by Akt dependent signaling at early reperfusion. Peptides 2015; 66:43-50. [PMID: 25698234 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Exogenously administered B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been shown to offer cardioprotection through activation of particulate guanylyl cyclase (pGC), protein kinase G (PKG) and KATP channel opening. The current study explores if cardioprotection afforded by short intermittent BNP administration involves PI3K/Akt/p70s6k dependent signaling, and whether this signaling pathway may participate in regulation of BNP mRNA expression at early reperfusion. Isolated Langendorff perfused rat hearts were subjected to 30min of regional ischemia and 120min of reperfusion (IR). Applying intermittent 3×30s infusion of BNP peptide in a postconditioning like manner (BNPPost) reduced infarct size by >50% compared to controls (BNPPost 17±2% vs. control 42±4%, p<0.001). Co-treatment with inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt/p70s6k pathway (wortmannin, SH-6 and rapamycin) completely abolished the infarct-limiting effect of BNP postconditioning (BNPPost+Wi 36±5%, BNPPost+SH-6 41±4%, BNPPost+Rap 37±6% vs. BNPPost 17±2%, p<0.001). Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptors (NPR) by isatin also abrogated BNPPost cardioprotection (BNPPost+isatin 46±2% vs. BNPPost 17±2%, p<0.001). BNPPost also significantly phosphorylated Akt and p70s6k at early reperfusion, and Akt phosphorylation was inhibited by SH-6 and isatin. Myocardial BNP mRNA levels in the area at risk (AA) were significantly elevated at early reperfusion as compared to the non-ischemic area (ANA) (Ctr(AA) 2.7±0.5 vs. Ctr(ANA) 1.2±0.2, p<0.05) and the ischemic control tissue (Ctr(AA) 2.7±0.5 vs. ischemia 1.0±0.1, p<0.05). Additional experiments also revealed a significant higher BNP mRNA level in ischemic postconditioned (IPost) hearts as compared to ischemic controls (IPost 6.7±1.3 vs. ischemia 1.0±0.2, p<0.05), but showed no difference from controls run in parallel (Ctr 5.4±0.8). Akt inhibition by SH-6 completely abrogated this elevation (IPost 6.7±1.3 vs. IPost+SH-6 1.8±0.7, p<0.05) (Ctr 5.4±0.8 vs. SH-6 1.5±0.9, p<0.05). In conclusion, Akt dependent signaling is involved in mediating the cardioprotection afforded by intermittent BNP infusion at early reperfusion, and may also participate in regulation of reperfusion induced BNP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Breivik
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway.
| | - A Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - S Guvåg
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - E K Aarnes
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - A Aspevik
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - E Helgeland
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - S Hovland
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - T Brattelid
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - A K Jonassen
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
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