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Wen X, Li D, Wang H, Zhang D, Song J, Zhou Z, Huang W, Xia X, Hu X, Liu W, Gonzales J, Via LE, Zhang L, Wang D. IQGAP1 domesticates macrophages to favor mycobacteria survival via modulating NF-κB signal and augmenting VEGF secretion. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112549. [PMID: 38944950 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), still ranks among the leading causes of annual human death by infectious disease. Mtb has developed several strategies to survive for years at a time within the host despite the presence of a robust immune response, including manipulating the progression of the inflammatory response and forming granulomatous lesions. Here we demonstrate that IQGAP1, a highly conserved scaffolding protein, compartmentalizes and coordinates multiple signaling pathways in macrophages infected with Mycobacterium marinum (Mm or M.marinum), the closest relative of Mtb. Upregulated IQGAP1 ultimately suppresses TNF-α production by repressing the MKK3 signal and reducing NF-κBp65 translocation, deactivating the p38MAPK pathway. Accordingly, IQGAP1 silencing and overexpression significantly alter p38MAPK activity by modulating the production of phosphorylated MKK3 during mycobacterial infection. Pharmacological inhibition of IQGAP1-associated microtubule assembly not only alleviates tissue damage caused by M.marinum infection but also significantly decreases the production of VEGF-a critical player for granuloma-associated angiogenesis during pathogenic mycobacterial infection. Similarly, IQGAP1 silencing in Mm-infected macrophages diminishes VEGF production, while IQGAP1 overexpression upregulates VEGF. Our data indicate that mycobacteria induce IQGAP1 to hijack NF-κBp65 activation, preventing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines as well as promoting VEGF production during infection and granuloma formation. Thus, therapies targeting host IQGAP1 may be a promising strategy for treating tuberculosis, particularly in drug-resistant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Third People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang 443003, PR China
| | - Hankun Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China
| | - Ding Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China
| | - Jingrui Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China
| | - Xuan Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Third People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang 443003, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
| | - Jacqueline Gonzales
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20982, MD, USA
| | - Laura E Via
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20982, MD, USA
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Decheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, PR China.
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2
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An C, Sun F, Liu C, Huang S, Xu T, Zhang C, Ge S. IQGAP1 promotes mitochondrial damage and activation of the mtDNA sensor cGAS-STING pathway to induce endothelial cell pyroptosis leading to atherosclerosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110795. [PMID: 37597406 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the most common cardiovascular disease and has limited therapeutic options. IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is an important scaffolding protein regulating mitochondrial function influencing endothelial cell activity. Evidence suggests that mitochondrial damage can lead to leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm to activate the DNA sensor cGAS-STING to mediate pyroptosis. However, whether IQGAP1 induces NLRP3-mediated endothelial cell pyroptosis by regulating mitochondrial function and activating the DNA sensor cGAS-STING, and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In vivo, ApoE-/- C57BL/J and Ldlr-/- C57BL/J mice were pre-injected with adeno-associated virus (AAV) by the tail vein to specifically silence IQGAP1 expression and were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. IQGAP1 knockdown reduced mtDNA release and decreased the expression of DNA receptors and pyroptosis-related molecules as determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. In vitro, palmitic acid (0.3 mmol/L) was incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for 24 h. Overexpression of IQGAP1 in HUVECs, flow cytometry, and mitochondrial superoxide staining revealed increased levels of ROS. Moreover, the mitochondrial tracker with dsDNA co-localization showed the release of mtDNA into the cytoplasm increased, which activated the DNA receptor cGAS-STING. Protein blotting and TUNEL staining revealed that IQGAP1 promoted NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. Furthermore, cGAS or STING small-molecule inhibitors RU.521 or C-176 reverse IQGAP1-promoted HUVECs from undergoing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. These results suggest that IQGAP1 promotes oxidative stress and mtDNA release, activates the DNA sensor cGAS-STING, and leads to NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. The present study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying AS and identifies new pharmacological targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng An
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Shaojun Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Chengxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China.
| | - Shenglin Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China.
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Turley TN, Theis JL, Evans JM, Fogarty ZC, Gulati R, Hayes SN, Tweet MS, Olson TM. Identification of Rare Genetic Variants in Familial Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection and Evidence for Shared Biological Pathways. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:393. [PMID: 37754822 PMCID: PMC10532385 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10090393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare familial spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) kindreds implicate genetic disease predisposition and provide a unique opportunity for candidate gene discovery. Whole-genome sequencing was performed in fifteen probands with non-syndromic SCAD who had a relative with SCAD, eight of whom had a second relative with extra-coronary arteriopathy. Co-segregating variants and associated genes were prioritized by quantitative variant, gene, and disease-level metrics. Curated public databases were queried for functional relationships among encoded proteins. Fifty-four heterozygous coding variants in thirteen families co-segregated with disease and fulfilled primary filters of rarity, gene variation constraint, and predicted-deleterious protein effect. Secondary filters yielded 11 prioritized candidate genes in 12 families, with high arterial tissue expression (n = 7), high-confidence protein-level interactions with genes associated with SCAD previously (n = 10), and/or previous associations with connective tissue disorders and aortopathies (n = 3) or other vascular phenotypes in mice or humans (n = 11). High-confidence associations were identified among 10 familial SCAD candidate-gene-encoded proteins. A collagen-encoding gene was identified in five families, two with distinct variants in COL4A2. Familial SCAD is genetically heterogeneous, yet perturbations of extracellular matrix, cytoskeletal, and cell-cell adhesion proteins implicate common disease-susceptibility pathways. Incomplete penetrance and variable expression suggest genetic or environmental modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiel N. Turley
- Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Track, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Cardiovascular Genetics Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Jeanne L. Theis
- Cardiovascular Genetics Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Jared M. Evans
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (J.M.E.); (Z.C.F.)
| | - Zachary C. Fogarty
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (J.M.E.); (Z.C.F.)
| | - Rajiv Gulati
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.G.); (S.N.H.); (M.S.T.)
| | - Sharonne N. Hayes
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.G.); (S.N.H.); (M.S.T.)
| | - Marysia S. Tweet
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.G.); (S.N.H.); (M.S.T.)
| | - Timothy M. Olson
- Cardiovascular Genetics Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.G.); (S.N.H.); (M.S.T.)
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Legátová A, Pelantová M, Rösel D, Brábek J, Škarková A. The emerging role of microtubules in invasion plasticity. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1118171. [PMID: 36860323 PMCID: PMC9969133 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1118171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of cells to switch between different invasive modes during metastasis, also known as invasion plasticity, is an important characteristic of tumor cells that makes them able to resist treatment targeted to a particular invasion mode. Due to the rapid changes in cell morphology during the transition between mesenchymal and amoeboid invasion, it is evident that this process requires remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Although the role of the actin cytoskeleton in cell invasion and plasticity is already quite well described, the contribution of microtubules is not yet fully clarified. It is not easy to infer whether destabilization of microtubules leads to higher invasiveness or the opposite since the complex microtubular network acts differently in diverse invasive modes. While mesenchymal migration typically requires microtubules at the leading edge of migrating cells to stabilize protrusions and form adhesive structures, amoeboid invasion is possible even in the absence of long, stable microtubules, albeit there are also cases of amoeboid cells where microtubules contribute to effective migration. Moreover, complex crosstalk of microtubules with other cytoskeletal networks participates in invasion regulation. Altogether, microtubules play an important role in tumor cell plasticity and can be therefore targeted to affect not only cell proliferation but also invasive properties of migrating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Legátová
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia
| | - Markéta Pelantová
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia
| | - Daniel Rösel
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia
| | - Jan Brábek
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia
| | - Aneta Škarková
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia,*Correspondence: Aneta Škarková,
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Song F, Dai Q, Grimm MO, Steinbach D. The Antithetic Roles of IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 in Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041115. [PMID: 36831467 PMCID: PMC9953781 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The scaffold protein family of IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating proteins (IQGAP1, 2, and 3) share a high degree of homology and comprise six functional domains. IQGAPs bind and regulate the cytoskeleton, interact with MAP kinases and calmodulin, and have GTPase-related activity, as well as a RasGAP domain. Thus, IQGAPs regulate multiple cellular processes and pathways, affecting cell division, growth, cell-cell interactions, migration, and invasion. In the past decade, significant evidence on the function of IQGAPs in signal transduction during carcinogenesis has emerged. Compared with IQGAP1, IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 were less analyzed. In this review, we summarize the different signaling pathways affected by IQGAP2 and IQGAP3, and the antithetic roles of IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 in different types of cancer. IQGAP2 expression is reduced and plays a tumor suppressor role in most solid cancer types, while IQGAP3 is overexpressed and acts as an oncogene. In lymphoma, for example, IQGAPs have partially opposite functions. There is considerable evidence that IQGAPs regulate a multitude of pathways to modulate cancer processes and chemoresistance, but some questions, such as how they trigger this signaling, through which domains, and why they play opposite roles on the same pathways, are still unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Qingqing Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Marc-Oliver Grimm
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Steinbach
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence:
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N-Linked Glycosylation in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Is Critical for Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314952. [PMID: 36499281 PMCID: PMC9735751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface proteins carrying N-glycans play important roles in inter- and intracellular processes including cell adhesion, development, and cellular recognition. Dysregulation of the glycosylation machinery has been implicated in various diseases, and investigation of global differential cell surface proteome effects due to the loss of N-glycosylation will provide comprehensive insights into their pathogenesis. Cell surface proteins isolated from Parent Pro-5 CHO cells (W5 cells), two CHO mutants with loss of N-glycosylation function derived from Pro-5 CHO (Lec1 and Lec4 cells), were subjected to proteome analysis via high-resolution LCMS. We identified 44 and 43 differentially expressed membrane proteins in Lec1 and Lec4 cells, respectively, as compared to W5 cells. The defective N-glycosylation mutants showed increased abundance of integrin subunits in Lec1 and Lec4 cells at the cell surface. We also found significantly reduced levels of IGF-1R (Insulin like growth factor-1 receptor); a receptor tyrosine kinase; and the GTPase activating protein IQGAP1 (IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein), a highly conserved cytoplasmic scaffold protein) in Lec1 and Lec4 cells. In silico docking studies showed that the IQ domain of IQGAP1 interacts with the kinase domain of IGF-1R. The integrin signaling and insulin growth factor receptor signaling were also enriched according to GSEA analysis and pathway analysis of differentially expressed proteins. Significant reductions of phosphorylation of ERK1 and ERK2 in Lec1 and Lec4 cells were observed upon IGF-1R ligand (IGF-1 LR3) stimulation. IGF-1 LR3, known as Long arginine3-IGF-1, is a synthetic protein and lengthened analog of insulin-like growth factor 1. The work suggests a novel mechanism for the activation of IGF-1 dependent ERK signaling in CHO cells, wherein IQGAP1 plausibly functions as an IGF-1R-associated scaffold protein. Appropriate glycosylation by the enzymes MGAT1 and MGAT5 is thus essential for processing of cell surface receptor IGF-1R, a potential binding partner in IQGAP1 and ERK signaling, the integral components of the IGF pathway.
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Colón-Bolea P, García-Gómez R, Casar B. RAC1 Activation as a Potential Therapeutic Option in Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1554. [PMID: 34827551 PMCID: PMC8615836 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex process by which cancer cells escape from the primary tumor to colonize distant organs. RAC1 is a member of the RHO family of small guanosine triphosphatases that plays an important role in cancer migration, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. RAC1 activation has been related to most cancers, such as cutaneous melanoma, breast, lung, and pancreatic cancer. RAC1P29S driver mutation appears in a significant number of cutaneous melanoma cases. Likewise, RAC1 is overexpressed or hyperactivated via signaling through oncogenic cell surface receptors. Thus, targeting RAC1 represents a promising strategy for cutaneous melanoma therapy, as well as for inhibition of other signaling activation that promotes resistance to targeted therapies. In this review, we focus on the role of RAC1 in metastatic cutaneous melanoma emphasizing the anti-metastatic potential of RAC1- targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Colón-Bolea
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain; (P.C.-B.); (R.G.-G.)
| | - Rocío García-Gómez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain; (P.C.-B.); (R.G.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Casar
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain; (P.C.-B.); (R.G.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Kumar D, Patel SA, Khan R, Chawla S, Mohapatra N, Dixit M. IQ Motif-Containing GTPase-Activating Protein 2 Inhibits Breast Cancer Angiogenesis By Suppressing VEGFR2-AKT Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:77-91. [PMID: 34615693 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antiangiogenesis cancer therapies are facing setbacks due to side effects and resistance. Parallel targeting of multiple pathways can help in the development of more effective therapies. This requires the discovery of new molecules that can regulate multiple cellular processes. Our study has recently established the association of reduced IQGAP2 expression in breast cancer with EMT and poor prognosis of the patient. Existing literature indirectly suggests the role of IQGAP2 in angiogenesis that is still unexplored. In this study, we searched the role of IQGAP2 in tumor angiogenesis in a comprehensive manner using cell culture, patients, and animal models. Depletion of IQGAP2 in breast cancer cells increased proliferation, migration, and tubulogenesis of HUVECs. Findings were validated in ex ovo CAM, Matrigel plug and skin wound-healing assays in mouse model, showing that the reduction of IQGAP2 significantly increased angiogenesis. As a confirmation, IHC analysis of the patient's tissues showed a negative correlation of IQGAP2 expression with the microvessel density. Mechanistically, loss of IQGAP2 appeared to activate VEGF-A via ERK activation in tumor cells, which activated the VEGFR2-AKT axis in HUVECs. IMPLICATIONS: The findings of this study suggest the antiangiogenic properties of IQGAP2 in breast cancer. The Dual effect of IQGAP2 on EMT and angiogenesis makes it a potential target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Saket Awadhesbhai Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Rehan Khan
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Saurabh Chawla
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | | | - Manjusha Dixit
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Khurda, Odisha, India.
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Regulation of Rac1 Activation in Choroidal Endothelial Cells: Insights into Mechanisms in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092414. [PMID: 34572063 PMCID: PMC8469925 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Vision loss from the neovascular form is associated with the invasion of choroidal endothelial cells into the neural retina to form vision-threatening macular neovascularization (MNV). Anti-angiogenic agents are the current standard of care but are effective in only ~50% of AMD cases. The molecular mechanisms involved in invasive MNV point to the importance of regulating signaling pathways that lead to pathologic biologic outcomes. In studies testing the effects of AMD-related stresses, activation of the Rho GTPase, Rac1, was found to be important for the choroidal endothelial cell invasion into the neural retina. However, current approaches to prevent Rac1 activation are inefficient and less effective. We summarize active Rac1-mediated mechanisms that regulate choroidal endothelial cell migration. Specifically, we discuss our work regarding the role of a multidomain protein, IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1), in sustaining pathologic Rac1 activation and a mechanism by which active Rap1, a Ras-like GTPase, may prevent active Rac1-mediated choroidal endothelial cell migration.
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Dudek J, Kutschka I, Maack C. Metabolic and Redox Regulation of Cardiovascular Stem Cell Biology and Pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:163-181. [PMID: 33121253 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Cardiovascular stem cells are important for regeneration and repair of damaged tissue. Recent Advances: Pluripotent stem cells have a unique metabolism, which is adopted for their energetic and biosynthetic demand as rapidly proliferating cells. Stem cell differentiation requires an exceptional metabolic flexibility allowing for metabolic remodeling between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Critical Issues: Respiration is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. But also the membrane-bound protein nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase, NOX) contributes to ROS levels. ROS not only play a significant role in stem cell differentiation and tissue renewal but also cause senescence and contribute to tissue aging. Future Directions: For utilization of stem cells in therapeutic approaches, a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms how metabolism and the cellular redox state regulate stem cell differentiation is required. Modulating the redox state of stem cells using antioxidative agents may be suitable to enhance activity of endothelial progenitor cells. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 163-181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dudek
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ilona Kutschka
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Waters SB, Zhou C, Nguyen T, Zelkha R, Lee H, Kazlauskas A, Rosenblatt MI, Malik AB, Yamada KH. VEGFR2 Trafficking by KIF13B Is a Novel Therapeutic Target for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:5. [PMID: 33533881 PMCID: PMC7862734 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor VEGFR2 are promising therapeutic targets for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). As a topically applicable option, we developed the peptide KAI to selectively interfere with VEGFR2 trafficking to the cell surface where it receives VEGF. This study sought to determine the efficacy of KAI in the mouse model of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Methods The specificity of KAI was tested by surface plasmon resonance. The drug delivery was analyzed by cryosection and the ELISA after treatment of KAI eyedrop to the mouse eyes. For the laser-induced CNV model, mice with laser-induced ruptures in Bruch's membrane received daily treatment of KAI eyedrop or control peptide. The other groups of mice received intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF or IgG control. After two weeks, CNV was quantified and compared. Results First, we showed the specificity and high affinity of KAI to VEGFR2. Next, biodistribution revealed successful delivery of KAI eyedrop to the back of the mouse eyes. KAI significantly reduced the disease progression in laser-induced CNV. The comparison with current therapy suggests that KAI eyedrop is as effective as current therapy to prevent CNV in wet AMD. Moreover, the genetic deletion of a kinesin KIF13B, which mediates VEGFR2 trafficking to the cell surface, confirmed the pivotal role of KIF13B in disease progression of wet AMD and neovascularization from choroidal vessels. Conclusions Taken together, pharmacologic inhibition and genetic deletion complementarily suggest the therapeutic possibility of targeting VEGFR2 trafficking to inhibit pathological angiogenesis in wet AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B Waters
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Christopher Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Tara Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ruth Zelkha
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Hyun Lee
- Biophysics Core & Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Andrius Kazlauskas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Mark I Rosenblatt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Kaori H Yamada
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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12
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Kim YJ, Han JM, Jung HJ. Antiangiogenic and antitumor potential of berbamine, a natural CaMKIIγ inhibitor, against glioblastoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 566:129-134. [PMID: 34119825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant brain tumors and requires the formation of new blood vessels, called angiogenesis, for its growth and metastasis. Several proangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), stimulate GBM angiogenesis. Accordingly, blocking the angiogenesis induced by angiogenic factors represents a promising modality for the treatment of GBM. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of berbamine, a plant-derived compound, on the angiogenesis induced by VEGF and BDNF in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Berbamine effectively inhibited the angiogenic features stimulated by VEGF (such as proliferation, adhesion, invasion, tube formation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HUVECs) as well as those by BDNF, at concentrations that do not affect endothelial cell viability. The antiangiogenic effects of berbamine were associated with the downregulation of VEGF/VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2)/Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIγ (CaMKIIγ) and BDNF/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)/CaMKIIγ signaling pathways. In addition, berbamine suppressed the expression of a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and its transcriptional target, VEGF, in U87MG GBM cells. Furthermore, berbamine significantly inhibited in vivo neovascularization as well as U87MG tumor growth in a chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. All these findings suggest that berbamine may be utilized as a new antiangiogenic agent for the treatment of malignant brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Chungcheong, 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Mi Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Chungcheong, 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Chungcheong, 31460, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Ash D, Sudhahar V, Youn SW, Okur MN, Das A, O'Bryan JP, McMenamin M, Hou Y, Kaplan JH, Fukai T, Ushio-Fukai M. The P-type ATPase transporter ATP7A promotes angiogenesis by limiting autophagic degradation of VEGFR2. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3091. [PMID: 34035268 PMCID: PMC8149886 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGFR2 (KDR/Flk1) signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) plays a central role in angiogenesis. The P-type ATPase transporter ATP7A regulates copper homeostasis, and its role in VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenesis is entirely unknown. Here, we describe the unexpected crosstalk between the Copper transporter ATP7A, autophagy, and VEGFR2 degradation. The functional significance of this Copper transporter was demonstrated by the finding that inducible EC-specific ATP7A deficient mice or ATP7A-dysfunctional ATP7Amut mice showed impaired post-ischemic neovascularization. In ECs, loss of ATP7A inhibited VEGF-induced VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenic responses, in part by promoting ligand-induced VEGFR2 protein degradation. Mechanistically, VEGF stimulated ATP7A translocation from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane where it bound to VEGFR2, which prevented autophagy-mediated lysosomal VEGFR2 degradation by inhibiting autophagic cargo/adapter p62/SQSTM1 binding to ubiquitinated VEGFR2. Enhanced autophagy flux due to ATP7A dysfunction in vivo was confirmed by autophagy reporter CAG-ATP7Amut -RFP-EGFP-LC3 transgenic mice. In summary, our study uncovers a novel function of ATP7A to limit autophagy-mediated degradation of VEGFR2, thereby promoting VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenesis, which restores perfusion recovery and neovascularization. Thus, endothelial ATP7A is identified as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Ash
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Varadarajan Sudhahar
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Seock-Won Youn
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mustafa Nazir Okur
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Archita Das
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - John P O'Bryan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maggie McMenamin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yali Hou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jack H Kaplan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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14
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Peng X, Wang T, Gao H, Yue X, Bian W, Mei J, Zhang Y. The interplay between IQGAP1 and small GTPases in cancer metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111243. [PMID: 33434854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The metastatic spread of tumor cells to distant anatomical locations is a critical cause for disease progression and leads to more than 90 % of cancer-related deaths. IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1), a prominent regulator in the cancer metastasis process, is a scaffold protein that interacts with components of the cytoskeleton. As a critical node within the small GTPase network, IQGAP1 acts as a binding partner of several small GTPases, which in turn function as molecular switches to control most cellular processes, including cell migration and invasion. Given the significant interaction between IQGAP1 and small GTPases in cancer metastasis, we briefly elucidate the role of IQGAP1 in regulating cancer metastasis and the varied interactions existing between IQGAP1 and small GTPases. In addition, the potential regulators for IQGAP1 activity and its interaction with small GTPases are also incorporated in this review. Overall, we comprehensively summarize the role of IQGAP1 in cancer tumorigenicity and metastasis, which may be a potential anti-tumor target to restrain cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafeng Peng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China; First Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Tiejun Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Han Gao
- School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Xin Yue
- First Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Weiqi Bian
- First Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China; Wuxi Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
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15
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Costa TJ, Barros PR, Arce C, Santos JD, da Silva-Neto J, Egea G, Dantas AP, Tostes RC, Jiménez-Altayó F. The homeostatic role of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and nitric oxide in the vasculature. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:615-635. [PMID: 33248264 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced in a wide range of physiological reactions that, at low concentrations, play essential roles in living organisms. There is a delicate equilibrium between formation and degradation of these mediators in a healthy vascular system, which contributes to maintaining these species under non-pathological levels to preserve normal vascular functions. Antioxidants scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to prevent or reduce damage caused by excessive oxidation. However, an excessive reductive environment induced by exogenous antioxidants may disrupt redox balance and lead to vascular pathology. This review summarizes the main aspects of free radical biochemistry (formation, sources and elimination) and the crucial actions of some of the most biologically relevant and well-characterized reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and nitric oxide) in the physiological regulation of vascular function, structure and angiogenesis. Furthermore, current preclinical and clinical evidence is discussed on how excessive removal of these crucial responses by exogenous antioxidants (vitamins and related compounds, polyphenols) may perturb vascular homeostasis. The aim of this review is to provide information of the crucial physiological roles of oxidation in the endothelium, vascular smooth muscle cells and perivascular adipose tissue for developing safer and more effective vascular interventions with antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago J Costa
- Pharmacology Department, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Cristina Arce
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociencies i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Júlio da Silva-Neto
- Pharmacology Department, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Egea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociencies i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Paula Dantas
- Institut Clínic del Tòrax, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Pharmacology Department, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francesc Jiménez-Altayó
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Neuroscience Institute, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Hedman AC, McNulty DE, Li Z, Gorisse L, Annan RS, Sacks DB. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the scaffold protein IQGAP1 in the MET pathway alters function. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:18105-18121. [PMID: 33087447 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
IQGAP1 is a key scaffold protein that regulates numerous cellular processes and signaling pathways. Analogous to many other cellular proteins, IQGAP1 undergoes post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation. Nevertheless, very little is known about the specific sites of phosphorylation or the effects on IQGAP1 function. Here, using several approaches, including MS, site-directed mutagenesis, siRNA-mediated gene silencing, and chemical inhibitors, we identified the specific tyrosine residues that are phosphorylated on IQGAP1 and evaluated the effect on function. Tyr-172, Tyr-654, Tyr-855, and Tyr-1510 were phosphorylated on IQGAP1 when phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity was inhibited in cells. IQGAP1 was phosphorylated exclusively on Tyr-1510 under conditions with enhanced MET or c-Src signaling, including in human lung cancer cell lines. This phosphorylation was significantly reduced by chemical inhibitors of MET or c-Src or by siRNA-mediated knockdown of MET. To investigate the biological sequelae of phosphorylation, we generated a nonphosphorylatable IQGAP1 construct by replacing Tyr-1510 with alanine. The ability of hepatocyte growth factor, the ligand for MET, to promote AKT activation and cell migration was significantly greater when IQGAP1-null cells were reconstituted with IQGAP1 Y1510A than when cells were reconstituted with WT IQGAP1. Collectively, our data suggest that phosphorylation of Tyr-1510 of IQGAP1 alters cell function. Because increased MET signaling is implicated in the development and progression of several types of carcinoma, IQGAP1 may be a potential therapeutic target in selected malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Hedman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dean E McNulty
- Discovery Analytical, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Laëtitia Gorisse
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Roland S Annan
- Discovery Analytical, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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17
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Yamaoka-Tojo M. Endothelial glycocalyx damage as a systemic inflammatory microvascular endotheliopathy in COVID-19. Biomed J 2020; 43:399-413. [PMID: 33032965 PMCID: PMC7443638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In atherosclerosis patients, vascular endothelial dysfunction is commonly observed alongside damage of the vascular endothelial glycocalyx, an extracellular matrix bound to and encapsulating the endothelial cells lining the blood vessel wall. Although atherosclerotic risk factors have been reported in severe patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the exact mechanisms are unclear. The mortality associated with the COVID-19 outbreak is increased by comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cardiovascular disease. Besides, older individuals and smokers have significantly worse outcomes. Interestingly, these comorbidities and risk factors are consistent with the pathophysiology that causes vascular endothelial glycocalyx damage. Moreover, vascular glycocalyx dysfunction causes microvascular leakage, which results in interstitial pulmonary abnormal shadows (multiple patchy shadows with a ground glass inter-pneumonic appearance). This is frequently followed by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), closely related to coagulo-fibrinolytic changes contributing to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, as well as inducing activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to thromboembolism and multiple organ failure. Notably, SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, binds to ACE2, which is abundantly present not only in human epithelia of the lung and the small intestine, but also in vascular endothelial cells and arterial smooth muscle cells. Moreover, COVID-19 can induce severe septic shock, and sepsis can easily lead to systemic degradation of the vascular endothelial glycocalyx. In the current review, we propose new concepts and therapeutic goals for COVID-19-related vascular endothelial glycocalyx damage, based on previous vascular endothelial medicine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minako Yamaoka-Tojo
- Department of Rehabilitation/Regenerative Medicine and Cell Design Research Facility, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan.
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18
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Cross-Talk between NADPH Oxidase and Mitochondria: Role in ROS Signaling and Angiogenesis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081849. [PMID: 32781794 PMCID: PMC7466096 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a new vessel formation from the pre-existing ones, is essential for embryonic development, wound repair and treatment of ischemic heart and limb diseases. However, dysregulated angiogenesis contributes to various pathologies such as diabetic retinopathy, atherosclerosis and cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidase (NOX) as well as mitochondria play an important role in promoting the angiogenic switch from quiescent endothelial cells (ECs). However, how highly diffusible ROS produced from different sources and location can communicate with each other to regulate angiogenesis remains unclear. To detect a localized ROS signal in distinct subcellular compartments in real time in situ, compartment-specific genetically encoded redox-sensitive fluorescence biosensors have been developed. Recently, the intercellular communication, “cross-talk”, between ROS derived from NOX and mitochondria, termed “ROS-induced ROS release”, has been proposed as a mechanism for ROS amplification at distinct subcellular compartments, which are essential for activation of redox signaling. This “ROS-induced ROS release” may represent a feed-forward mechanism of localized ROS production to maintain sustained signaling, which can be targeted under pathological conditions with oxidative stress or enhanced to promote therapeutic angiogenesis. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge regarding the role of the cross-talk between NOX and mitochondria organizing the sustained ROS signaling involved in VEGF signaling, neovascularization and tissue repair.
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19
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Mason SA, Trewin AJ, Parker L, Wadley GD. Antioxidant supplements and endurance exercise: Current evidence and mechanistic insights. Redox Biol 2020; 35:101471. [PMID: 32127289 PMCID: PMC7284926 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant supplements are commonly consumed by endurance athletes to minimize exercise-induced oxidative stress, with the intention of enhancing recovery and improving performance. There are numerous commercially available nutritional supplements that are targeted to athletes and health enthusiasts that allegedly possess antioxidant properties. However, most of these compounds are poorly investigated with respect to their in vivo redox activity and efficacy in humans. Therefore, this review will firstly provide a background to endurance exercise-related redox signalling and the subsequent adaptations in skeletal muscle and vascular function. The review will then discuss commonly available compounds with purported antioxidant effects for use by athletes. N-acetyl cysteine may be of benefit over the days prior to an endurance event; while chronic intake of combined 1000 mg vitamin C + vitamin E is not recommended during periods of heavy training associated with adaptations in skeletal muscle. Melatonin, vitamin E and α-lipoic acid appear effective at decreasing markers of exercise-induced oxidative stress. However, evidence on their effects on endurance performance are either lacking or not supportive. Catechins, anthocyanins, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin C may improve vascular function, however, evidence is either limited to specific sub-populations and/or does not translate to improved performance. Finally, additional research should clarify the potential benefits of curcumin in improving muscle recovery post intensive exercise; and the potential hampering effects of astaxanthin, selenium and vitamin A on skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance training. Overall, we highlight the lack of supportive evidence for most antioxidant compounds to recommend to athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun A Mason
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adam J Trewin
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Glenn D Wadley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
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20
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The Role of Rho GTPases in VEGF Signaling in Cancer Cells. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:2097214. [PMID: 32377503 PMCID: PMC7182966 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2097214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) consist of five molecules (VEGFA through D as well as placental growth factor) which are crucial for regulating key cellular and tissue functions. The role of VEGF and its intracellular signaling and downstream molecular pathways have been thoroughly studied. Activation of VEGF signal transduction can be initiated by the molecules' binding to two classes of transmembrane receptors: (1) the VEGF tyrosine kinase receptors (VEGF receptors 1 through 3) and (2) the neuropilins (NRP1 and 2). The involvement of Rho GTPases in modulating VEGFA signaling in both cancer cells and endothelial cells has also been well established. Additionally, different isoforms of Rho GTPases, namely, RhoA, RhoC, and RhoG, have been shown to regulate VEGF expression as well as blood vessel formation. This review article will explore how Rho GTPases modulate VEGF signaling and the consequences of such interaction on cancer progression.
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21
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Sheen YS, Lin MH, Tzeng WC, Chu CY. Purpuric drug eruptions induced by EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors are associated with IQGAP1-mediated increase in vascular permeability. J Pathol 2020; 250:452-463. [PMID: 32030757 DOI: 10.1002/path.5393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are used as a treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer. There have been some reports of EGFR-TKIs being associated with vascular adverse events. We found that EGFR-TKIs decreased the proliferation of HMEC-1s (immortalized human dermal microvascular endothelial cells) and HMVECs (human dermal microvascular endothelial cells), and also inhibited the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK. We examined the mRNA expression profile of erlotinib-treated HMEC-1s and identified IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) as the most consistently up-regulated transcript and protein. IQGAP1 was also overexpressed and co-localized with endothelial cells in the lesional skin. Notably, increased IQGAP1 expression was associated with decreased transendothelial electrical resistance and increased vascular permeability in vitro. Erlotinib treatment enriched the staining of IQGAP1 and reduced the intensities of α-catenin at the sites of cell-cell contact. In conclusion, erlotinib induces adherens junction dysfunction by modulating the expression of IQGAP1 in dermal endothelial cells. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shuan Sheen
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hisn-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chia Tzeng
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chu
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Correlation of pterygium severity with IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) and mast cells. Exp Eye Res 2019; 190:107896. [PMID: 31836492 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is a multidomain scaffold protein that is involved in cytoskeleton dynamics and tumor metastasis. Although the role of IQGAP1 in various cancers had been reported, the function of IQGAP1 in pterygium has not been studied. In this study, surgically excised pterygium and control conjunctival tissue from cataract patients were analysed by immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, and Western blot for IQGAP1 expression, mast cell counts, and microvascular count. Pterygium was clinically divided into mild and severe types according to Tan's classification and Kim's criteria based on translucency and vascularity of the tissue. Greater clinical severity of pterygium was associated with higher expression of IQGAP1 expression. Compared to normal conjunctival tissue, severe pterygium had significantly higher IQGAP1 expression (P = 0.005), which strongly correlated to the number of microvessels (P = 0.003) and mast cells (P = 0.01). Confocal microscopy revealed IQGAP1 colocalization with mast cell and CD31. IQGAP1 expression was higher in the pterygium body compared to the head. In conclusion, the level of IQGAP1 expression was found to be correlated to the clinical severity of pterygium. Mast cells were identified in pterygium and is suspected to be involved in promoting fibrovascular invasion.
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Zheng X, Zhang W, Wang Z. Simvastatin preparations promote PDGF-BB secretion to repair LPS-induced endothelial injury through the PDGFRβ/PI3K/Akt/IQGAP1 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8314-8327. [PMID: 31576676 PMCID: PMC6850957 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial barrier dysfunction is a critical pathophysiological process of sepsis. Impaired endothelial cell migration is one of the main reasons for endothelial dysfunction. Statins may have a protective effect on endothelial barrier function. However, the effect and mechanism of statins on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced endothelial barrier dysfunction remain unclear. Simvastatin (SV) was loaded in nanostructured lipid carriers to produce SV nanoparticles (SV‐NPs). Normal SV and SV‐NPs were used to treat human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) injured by LPS. Barrier function was evaluated by monitoring cell monolayer permeability and transendothelial electrical resistance, and cell migration ability was measured by a wound healing assay. LY294002 and imatinib were used to inhibit the activity of PI3K/Akt and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) β. IQ‐GTPase‐activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) siRNA was used to knockdown endogenous IQGAP1, which was used to verify the role of the PDGFRβ/PI3K/Akt/IQGAP1 pathway in SV/SV‐NPs‐mediated barrier protection in HUVECs injured by LPS. The results show that SV/SV‐NPs promoted the migration and decreased the permeability of HUVECs treated with LPS, and the efficacy of the SV‐NPs exceeded that of SV significantly. LY294002, imatinib and IQGAP1 siRNA all suppressed the barrier protection of SV/SV‐NPs. SV/SV‐NPs promoted the secretion of platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) and activated the PDGFRβ/PI3K/Akt/IQGAP1 pathway. SV preparations restored endothelial barrier function by restoring endothelial cell migration, which is involved in the regulation of the PDGFRβ/PI3K/Akt/IQGAP1 pathway and PDGF‐BB secretion. As an appropriate formulation for restoring endothelial dysfunction, SV‐NPs may be more effective than SV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Nie Y, Sato Y, Garner RT, Kargl C, Wang C, Kuang S, Gilpin CJ, Gavin TP. Skeletal muscle-derived exosomes regulate endothelial cell functions via reactive oxygen species-activated nuclear factor-κB signalling. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:1262-1273. [PMID: 31115069 DOI: 10.1113/ep087396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Capillary rarefaction is found in diabetic and aged muscle, whereas exercise increases skeletal muscle angiogenesis. The association implies a crosstalk between muscle cells and endothelial cells. The underlying mechanisms mediating the crosstalk between these cells remains to be elucidated fully. What is the main finding and its importance? Endothelial cell functions are regulated by skeletal muscle cell-derived exosomes via a vascular endothelial growth factor-independent pathway. This study reveals a new mechanism mediating the crosstalk between skeletal muscle cells and endothelial cells. ABSTRACT Loss of skeletal muscle capillarization, known as capillary rarefaction, is found in type 2 diabetes, chronic heart failure and healthy ageing and is associated with impaired delivery of substrates to the muscle. However, the interaction and communication of skeletal muscle with endothelial cells in the regulation of capillaries surrounding the muscle remains elusive. Exosomes are a type of secreted extracellular vesicle containing mRNAs, proteins and, especially, microRNAs that exert paracrine and endocrine effects. In this study, we investigated whether skeletal muscle-derived exosomes (SkM-Exo) regulate the endothelial cell functions of angiogenesis. We demonstrated that C2C12 myotube-derived exosomes improved endothelial cell functions, assessed by the proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which were increased by 20, 23 and 40%, respectively, after SkM-Exo exposure. The SkM-Exo failed to activate HUVEC vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signalling. The SkM-Exo increased HUVEC reactive oxygen species and activated the nuclear factor-κB pathway, suggesting that SkM-Exo-induced angiogenesis was mediated by a VEGF-independent pathway. In addition, several angiogenic microRNAs were packaged in SkM-Exo, with miR-130a being particularly enriched and successfully transferred from SkM-Exo to HUVECs. Delivery of miRNAs into endothelial cells might explain the enhancement of reactive oxygen species production and angiogenesis by SkM-Exo. The potential angiogenic effect of SkM-Exo could provide an effective therapy for promoting skeletal muscle angiogenesis in diseases characterized by capillary rarefaction or inadequate angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Nie
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907.,Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907.,Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Yoriko Sato
- Department of United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ron T Garner
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907.,Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907
| | - Christopher Kargl
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907.,Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Christopher J Gilpin
- Agricultural Research and Graduate Education, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Timothy P Gavin
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907.,Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907
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Hu W, Wang Z, Zhang S, Lu X, Wu J, Yu K, Ji A, Lu W, Wang Z, Wu J, Jiang C. IQGAP1 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7539. [PMID: 31101875 PMCID: PMC6525164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44048-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is a scaffold protein that participates in several cellular functions, including cytoskeletal regulation, cell adhesion, gene transcription and cell polarization. IQGAP1 has been implicated in the tumorigenesis and progression of several human cancers. However, the role of IQGAP1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still unknown. We found that IQGAP1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for PDAC. IQGAP1 upregulation significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas IQGAP1 downregulation impaired its oncogenic functions. Overexpression of IQGAP1 increased the protein level of Dishevelled2 (DVL2) and enhanced canonical Wnt signaling as evidenced by increased DVL2 level, β-catenin transcriptional activity, β-catenin nuclear translocation and expression of the direct target genes of β-catenin (cyclin D1 and c-myc). In contrast, knockdown of IQGAP1 decreased the level of DVL2 and attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In vivo results revealed that IQGAP1 promoted tumor growth and metastasis. Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that IQGAP1 interacted with both DVL2 and β-catenin. Moreover, knockdown of DVL2 reversed IQGAP1-induced EMT. Our findings thus confirmed that IQGAP1 could be used as a potential target for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222001, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junyi Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kuanyong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anlai Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junhua Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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26
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Liu J, Ni X, Li Y, Chen M, Chen W, Wu Y, Chen B, Wu Y, Xu M. Downregulation of IQGAP1 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the HIF1α/VEGF-A signaling pathway in gastric cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15790-15799. [PMID: 31090961 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As an oncogene, IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of several cancers, such as breast cancer, thyroid cancer, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, the role of the scaffold protein IQGAP1 on EMT in gastric cancer remains unclear. Therefore, the present work was performed to address the question. Our results showed that IQGAP1 expression is upregulated in human gastric cancer specimens and cell lines. Furthermore, IQGAP1 knockdown inhibited the migratory ability of gastric cancer cells and reduced the expression of mesenchymal phenotype markers, including Slug, β-catenin, Snail, Vimentin, and N-cadherin, as well as vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) secretion in gastric cancer cells. Conversely, IQGAP1 downregulation increased the epithelial phenotype marker E-cadherin. Furthermore, IQGAP1 silencing not only downregulated hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1α (HIF1α) but also limited its translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus. Collectively, our results indicated that EMT was regulated by IQGAP1, which was associated with VEGF-A, since other data demonstrated that HIF1α was involved in VEGF-A expression. Therefore, we speculated that IQGAP1 regulated EMT of gastric cancer partially via the HIF1α/VEGF-A signaling pathway. IQGAP1 may serve as an effective therapeutic biomarker for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiufan Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yafang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengjiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Baoding Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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27
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Ghosh M, Lo R, Ivic I, Aguilera B, Qendro V, Devarakonda C, Shapiro LH. CD13 tethers the IQGAP1-ARF6-EFA6 complex to the plasma membrane to promote ARF6 activation, β1 integrin recycling, and cell migration. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/579/eaav5938. [PMID: 31040262 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aav5938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM) requires a balance between integrin internalization and recycling to the surface that is mediated by numerous proteins, emphasizing the complexity of these processes. Upon ligand binding in various cells, the β1 integrin is internalized, traffics to early endosomes, and is returned to the plasma membrane through recycling endosomes. This trafficking process depends on the cyclical activation and inactivation of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) by their specific guanine exchange factors (GEFs) and their GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). In this study, we found that the cell surface antigen CD13, a multifunctional transmembrane molecule that regulates cell-cell adhesion and receptor-mediated endocytosis, also promoted cell migration and colocalized with β1 integrin at sites of cell adhesion and at the leading edge. A lack of CD13 resulted in aberrant trafficking of internalized β1 integrin to late endosomes and its ultimate degradation. Our data indicate that CD13 promoted ARF6 GTPase activity by positioning the ARF6-GEF EFA6 at the cell membrane. In migrating cells, a complex containing phosphorylated CD13, IQGAP1, GTP-bound (active) ARF6, and EFA6 at the leading edge promoted the ARF6 GTPase cycling and cell migration. Together, our findings uncover a role for CD13 in the fundamental cellular processes of receptor recycling, regulation of small GTPase activities, cell-ECM interactions, and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Ghosh
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
| | - Robin Lo
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Ivan Ivic
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Brian Aguilera
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Veneta Qendro
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Charan Devarakonda
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Linda H Shapiro
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
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28
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Wang P, Gong X, Guan P, Ji D, Du L, Xu D, Liu Y. Site-specific expression of IQGAP1 in human nephrons. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:119-127. [PMID: 30659402 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09811-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
IQGAP1 is a multifunctional, 190-kDa scaffolding protein that plays an important role in the regulation of cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, polarization and cytoskeletal remodeling. IQGAP1 is ubiquitously expressed in human organs and is highly expressed in the kidney. Currently, the site-specific expression of IQGAP1 in the human nephrons is unclear. We performed Western blotting analysis, immunohistochemistry and double-immunolabeling confocal microscopic analysis of IQGAP1 with specific biomarkers of each nephron segment to study the expression and distribution of IQGAP1 in human nephrons. We found that IQGAP1 was strongly expressed in human podocytes and glomerular endothelial cells, but weakly expressed in glomerular mesangial cells. In human renal tubules, IQGAP1 was strongly expressed in the collecting duct, moderately expressed in the proximal tubule, medullary loop, distal convoluted tubule and connecting tubule. IQGAP1 staining was much stronger in the apical membrane in the proximal tubule, thick descending limb and thick ascending limb of medullary loop and collecting duct. However, the expression of IQGAP1 was mainly in the basolateral membrane of the connecting tubule, and diffusely in the thin limb of medullary loop and distal convoluted tubule. The interaction between IQGAP1 and F-actin suggested that cytoskeleton regulation may be the underlying mechanism mediating the effect of IQGAP1 in human nephrons. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of specific expression and differential subcellular location of IQGAP1 in human nephrons. The site-specific expression pattern of IQGAP1 suggests that IQGAP1 may play diverse roles in various human nephron segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No.16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaojie Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No.16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Peizhong Guan
- Department of Nephrology, YEDA Hospital, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Dong Ji
- Department of Dialysis, Huimin County People's Hospital, Binzhou, 251700, China
| | - Linna Du
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No.16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No.16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yipeng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No.16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
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29
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Modification of Cardiac Progenitor Cell-Derived Exosomes by miR-322 Provides Protection against Myocardial Infarction through Nox2-Dependent Angiogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8010018. [PMID: 30634641 PMCID: PMC6356993 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the primary cause of cardiovascular mortality, and therapeutic strategies to prevent or mitigate the consequences of MI are a high priority. Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have been used to treat cardiac injury post-MI, and despite poor engraftment, they have been shown to inhibit apoptosis and to promote angiogenesis through poorly understood paracrine effects. We previously reported that the direct injection of exosomes derived from CPCs (CPCexo) into mouse hearts provides protection against apoptosis in a model of acute ischemia/reperfusion injury. Moreover, we and others have reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidase (NOX) can enhance angiogenesis in endothelial cells (ECs). Here we examined whether bioengineered CPCexo transfected with a pro-angiogenic miR-322 (CPCexo-322) can improve therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of MI as compared to CPCexo. Systemic administration of CPCexo-322 in mice after ischemic injury provided greater protection post-MI than control CPCexo, in part, through enhanced angiogenesis in the border zones of infarcted hearts. Mechanistically, the treatment of cultured human ECs with CPCexo-322 resulted in a greater angiogenic response, as determined by increased EC migration and capillary tube formation via increased Nox2-derived ROS. Our study reveals that the engineering of CPCexo via microRNA (miR) programing can enhance angiogenesis, and this may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases.
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30
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Zheng X, Hu X, Zhang W. The phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells co-cultured with endothelial cells is modulated by PDGFR-β/IQGAP1 signaling in LPS-induced intravascular injury. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1149-1156. [PMID: 31523178 PMCID: PMC6743276 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.34749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis, a leading cause of death in intensive care units, is generally associated with vascular dysfunction. However, its pathophysiological process has not been fully clarified, lacking in-depth knowledge of its pathophysiological process may hinder the improvement of diagnosis and therapy for sepsis. Hence, as the key parts of the vascular wall, the interaction between endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) under septic situation need to be further studied. Methods ECs and SMCs were co-cultured using Transwell plates. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce sepsis. A scratch-wound assay was used to assess cell migration, and western blotting was used to assess the level of redifferentiation of SMCs as well as the expression of PDGFR-β and IQGAP1. Results Co-culture with ECs reduced the redifferentiation of SMCs induced by LPS (10 μg/ml), which was characterized by increased migration ability and decreased expression of contractile proteins (e.g., SM22 and α-SMA). The production of TNF-α could decrease the level of PDGFR-β in SMCs. Treatment of SMCs with the PDGFR-β inhibitor imatinib (5 μM) was able to counteract LPS-induced SMC redifferentiation and reduce IQGAP1 protein expression, especially when SMCs were co-cultured with ECs. Conclusion The phenotype of vascular SMCs co-cultured with ECs was modulated by IQGAP1 through the PDGFR-β pathway, which may lead to vascular remodeling and homeostasis in LPS-induced intravascular injury. This pathway could be a novel target for the treatment of vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P.R. China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P.R. China
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31
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IQGAP1 binds the Axl receptor kinase and inhibits its signaling. Biochem J 2018; 475:3073-3086. [PMID: 30185434 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Axl is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is important for hematopoiesis, the innate immune response, platelet aggregation, engulfment of apoptotic cells and cell survival. Binding of growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) activates Axl signaling, but the mechanism of inactivation of the Axl receptor is poorly understood. In the present study, we show that IQGAP1 modulates Axl signaling. IQGAP1 is a scaffold protein that integrates cell signaling pathways by binding several growth factor receptors and intracellular signaling molecules. Our in vitro analysis revealed a direct interaction between the IQ domain of IQGAP1 and Axl. Analysis by both immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays demonstrated an association between Axl and IQGAP1 in cells and this interaction was decreased by Gas6. Unexpectedly, reducing IQGAP1 levels in cells significantly enhanced the ability of Gas6 to stimulate both Axl phosphorylation and activation of Akt. Moreover, IQGAP1 regulates the interaction of Axl with the epidermal growth factor receptor. Our data identify IQGAP1 as a previously undescribed suppressor of Axl and provide insight into regulation of Axl function.
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Ashino T, Kohno T, Sudhahar V, Ash D, Ushio-Fukai M, Fukai T. Copper transporter ATP7A interacts with IQGAP1, a Rac1 binding scaffolding protein: role in PDGF-induced VSMC migration and vascular remodeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C850-C862. [PMID: 30257103 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00230.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration contributes to neointimal formation after vascular injury. We previously demonstrated that copper (Cu) transporter ATP7A is involved in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced VSMC migration in a Cu- and Rac1-dependent manner. The underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here we show that ATP7A interacts with IQGAP1, a Rac1 and receptor tyrosine kinase binding scaffolding proteins, which mediates PDGF-induced VSMC migration and vascular remodeling. In cultured rat aortic SMCs, PDGF stimulation rapidly promoted ATP7A association with IQGAP1 and Rac1 and their translocation to the lipid rafts and leading edge. Cotransfection assay revealed that ATP7A directly bound to NH2-terminal domain of IQGAP1. Functionally, either ATP7A or IQGAP1 depletion using siRNA significantly inhibited PDGF-induced VSMC migration without additive effects, suggesting that IQGAP1 and ATP7A are in the same axis to promote migration. Furthermore, IQGAP1 siRNA blocked PDGF-induced ATP7A association with Rac1 as well as its translocation to leading edge, while PDGF-induced IQGAP1 translocation was not affected by ATP7A siRNA or Cu chelator. Overexpression of mutant IQGAP1 lacking a Rac1 binding site prevented PDGF-induced translocation of Rac1, but not ATP7A, to the leading edge, thereby inhibiting lamellipodia formation and VSMC migration. In vivo, ATP7A colocalized with IQGAP1 at neointimal VSMCs in a mice wire injury model, while neointimal formation and extracellular matrix deposition induced by vascular injury were inhibited in ATP7A mutant mice with reduced Cu transporter function. In summary, IQGAP1 functions as ATP7A and Rac1 binding scaffolding protein to organize PDGF-dependent ATP7A translocation to the lamellipodial leading edge, thereby promoting VSMC migration and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ashino
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Division of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Varadarajan Sudhahar
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Vascular Biology Center, Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia.,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Dipankar Ash
- Vascular Biology Center, Departments of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Departments of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Vascular Biology Center, Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia.,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Augusta, Georgia
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Park JY, Park DH, Jeon Y, Kim YJ, Lee J, Shin MS, Kang KS, Hwang GS, Kim HY, Yamabe N. Eupatilin inhibits angiogenesis-mediated human hepatocellular metastasis by reducing MMP-2 and VEGF signaling. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3150-3154. [PMID: 30177376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is responsible for the great majority of deaths in cancer patients. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have critical functions in cancer metastasis. Especially, MMP-2 and MMP-9 play a major role in tumor-cell migration and invasion. Therefore, to first find out the inhibitory effect of eupatilin on expression of MMPs in SNU182 cells, we used quantitative real-rime PCR to measure MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA levels. Eupatilin suppressed transcription of MMP-2 in SNU182 cells more than did the corresponding controls. Also, eupatilin significantly blocked tube formation when treated with a concentration of 3.125 or 6.25 μg/mL on human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Eupatilin induced significant anti-angiogenic potential associated with down-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and phosphorylated Akt expression. Thus, tube-formation inhibition and MMP-2-mediated migration are likely to be important therapeutic targets of eupatilin in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsic Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Sook Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi Seo Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Republic of Korea.
| | - Noriko Yamabe
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
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Shimizu A, Zankov DP, Kurokawa-Seo M, Ogita H. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Exerts Diverse Cellular Effects via Small G Proteins, Rho and Rap. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041203. [PMID: 29659486 PMCID: PMC5979568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) include five molecules (VEGF-A, -B, -C, -D, and placental growth factor), and have various roles that crucially regulate cellular functions in many kinds of cells and tissues. Intracellular signal transduction induced by VEGFs has been extensively studied and is usually initiated by their binding to two classes of transmembrane receptors: receptor tyrosine kinase VEGF receptors (VEGF receptor-1, -2 and -3) and neuropilins (NRP1 and NRP2). In addition to many established results reported by other research groups, we have previously identified small G proteins, especially Ras homologue gene (Rho) and Ras-related protein (Rap), as important mediators of VEGF-A-stimulated signaling in cancer cells as well as endothelial cells. This review article describes the VEGF-A-induced signaling pathways underlying diverse cellular functions, including cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, and the involvement of Rho, Rap, and their related molecules in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Dimitar P Zankov
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Misuzu Kurokawa-Seo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan.
| | - Hisakazu Ogita
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
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Capasso D, Di Gaetano S, Celentano V, Diana D, Festa L, Di Stasi R, De Rosa L, Fattorusso R, D'Andrea LD. Unveiling a VEGF-mimetic peptide sequence in the IQGAP1 protein. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2018; 13:1619-1629. [PMID: 28685787 DOI: 10.1039/c7mb00190h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability to modulate angiogenesis by chemical tools has several important applications in different scientific fields. With the perspective of finding novel proangiogenic molecules, we searched peptide sequences with a chemical profile similar to that of the QK peptide, a well described VEGF mimetic peptide. We found that residues 1617-1627 of the IQGAP1 protein show molecular features similar to those of the QK peptide sequence. The IQGAP1-derived synthetic peptide was analyzed by NMR spectroscopy and its biological activity was characterized in endothelial cells. These studies showed that this IQGAP1-derived peptide has a biological activity similar to that of VEGF and could be considered as a novel tool for reparative angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Capasso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sonia Di Gaetano
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, Napoli, 80134, Italy.
| | - Veronica Celentano
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, Napoli, 80134, Italy.
| | - Donatella Diana
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, Napoli, 80134, Italy.
| | - Luisa Festa
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, Napoli, 80134, Italy.
| | - Rossella Di Stasi
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, Napoli, 80134, Italy.
| | - Lucia De Rosa
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, Napoli, 80134, Italy.
| | - Roberto Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Luca D D'Andrea
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, Napoli, 80134, Italy.
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Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 plays a key role in angiogenesis by regulating hydrogen peroxide generated by NADPH oxidase 4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:1567-1572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Wang H, Baladandayuthapani V, Wang Z, Lin H, Berkova Z, Davis RE, Yang L, Orlowski RZ. Truncated protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O suppresses AKT signaling through IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 and confers sensitivity to bortezomib in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113858-113873. [PMID: 29371952 PMCID: PMC5768369 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors are an important part of our chemotherapeutic armamentarium against multiple myeloma, but the vast majority of patients eventually develop drug-resistant disease through incompletely understood mechanisms. Comparison of gene expression profiles (GEPs) of bortezomib-resistant (BR) myeloma cell lines with their drug-naïve counterparts revealed decreased expression of truncated Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O (PTPROt) in BR cells. Over-expression of wild-type PTPROt in drug-naïve and BR cells reduced myeloma cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and sensitized cells to bortezomib and to alkylating agents. PTPROt expression reduced AKT phosphorylation and activity, and sensitized to pharmacologic AKT pathway inhibitors, but this was not the case for a substrate-trapping catalytic domain-inactivating mutant. Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry studies identified IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) as a PTPROt binding partner, and PTPROt reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of IQGAP1, providing a link to AKT activity. Analysis of clinically annotated GEP databases identified high PTPROt expression as being related to an increased likelihood of achieving complete remission with bortezomib therapy, while low expression was linked to a greater likelihood of disease progression. Finally, high PTPROt expression associated with prolonged median overall survival in patients receiving bortezomib-based therapy in the front-line or relapsed and/or refractory settings. Taken together, these data identify PTPROt suppression as a novel mechanism of myeloma resistance to bortezomib in myeloma cell lines, and also support the possibility that PTPROt expression could be used as a biomarker to predict outcomes with bortezomib, and by which to select patients for therapy with AKT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heather Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zuzana Berkova
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard E. Davis
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Robert Z. Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Reimer M, Denby E, Zustiak SP, Schober JM. Ras GAP-related and C-terminal domain-dependent localization and tumorigenic activities of IQGAP1 in melanoma cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189589. [PMID: 29240845 PMCID: PMC5730206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IQGAP1 interacts with a number of binding partners through a calponin homology domain (CHD), a WW motif, IQ repeats, a Ras GAP-related domain (GRD), and a conserved C-terminal (CT) domain. Among various biological and cellular functions, IQGAP1 is known to play a role in actin cytoskeleton dynamics during membrane ruffling and lamellipodium protrusion. In addition, phosphorylation near the CT domain is thought to control IQGAP1 activity through regulation of intramolecular interaction. In a previous study, we discovered that IQGAP1 preferentially localizes to retracting areas in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells, not areas of membrane ruffling and lamellipodium protrusion. Nothing is known of the domains needed for retraction localization and very little is known of IQGAP1 function in the actin cytoskeleton of melanoma cells. Thus, we examined localization of IQGAP1 mutants to retracting areas, and characterized knock down phenotypes on tissue culture plastic and physiologic-stiffness hydrogels. Localization of IQGAP1 mutants (S1441E/S1443D, S1441A/S1443A, ΔCHD, ΔGRD or ΔCT) to retracting and protruding cell edges were measured. In retracting areas there was a decrease in S1441A/S1443A, ΔGRD and ΔCT localization, a minor decrease in ΔCHD localization, and normal localization of the S1441E/S1443D mutant. In areas of cell protrusion just behind the lamellipodium leading edge, we surprisingly observed both ΔGRD and ΔCT localization, and increased number of microtubules. IQGAP1 knock down caused loss of cell polarity on laminin-coated glass, decreased proliferation on tissue culture polystyrene, and abnormal spheroid growth on laminin-coated hydrogels. We propose that the GRD and CT domains regulate IQGAP1 localization to retracting actin networks to promote a tumorigenic role in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Reimer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Elisabeth Denby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Silviya P. Zustiak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. Schober
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chen Q, Wang Q, Zhu J, Xiao Q, Zhang L. Reactive oxygen species: key regulators in vascular health and diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1279-1292. [PMID: 28430357 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ROS are a group of small reactive molecules that play critical roles in the regulation of various cell functions and biological processes. In the vascular system, physiological levels of ROS are essential for normal vascular functions including endothelial homeostasis and smooth muscle cell contraction. In contrast, uncontrolled overproduction of ROS resulting from an imbalance of ROS generation and elimination leads to the development of vascular diseases. Excessive ROS cause vascular cell damage, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, lipid peroxidation, activation of metalloproteinases and deposition of extracellular matrix, collectively leading to vascular remodelling. Evidence from a large number of studies has revealed that ROS and oxidative stress are involved in the initiation and progression of numerous vascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, restenosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Furthermore, considerable research has been implemented to explore antioxidants that can reduce ROS production and oxidative stress in order to ameliorate vascular diseases. In this review, we will discuss the nature and sources of ROS, their roles in vascular homeostasis and specific vascular diseases and various antioxidants as well as some of the pharmacological agents that are capable of reducing ROS and oxidative stress. The aim of this review is to provide information for developing promising clinical strategies targeting ROS to decrease cardiovascular risks. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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40
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Sun X, Kellner M, Desai AA, Wang T, Lu Q, Kangath A, Qu N, Klinger C, Fratz S, Yuan JXJ, Jacobson JR, Garcia JGN, Rafikov R, Fineman JR, Black SM. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Stimulates Akt1 Phosphorylation via Heat Shock Protein 70-Facilitated Carboxyl-Terminal Modulator Protein Degradation in Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 55:275-87. [PMID: 26959555 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0185oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) induces the mitochondrial translocation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) through the nitration-mediated activation of Akt1. However, it is recognized that the activation of Akt1 requires phosphorylation events at threonine (T) 308 and serine (S) 473. Thus, the current study was performed to elucidate the potential effect of ADMA on Akt1 phosphorylation and the mechanisms that are involved. Exposure of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells to ADMA enhanced Akt1 phosphorylation at both threonine 308 and Ser473 without altering Akt1 protein levels, phosphatase and tensin homolog activity, or membrane Akt1 levels. Heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 plays a pivotal role in maintaining Akt1 activity, and our results demonstrate that ADMA decreased Hsp90-Akt1 interactions, but, surprisingly, overexpression of a dominant-negative Hsp90 mutant increased Akt1 phosphorylation. ADMA exposure or overexpression of dominant-negative Hsp90 increased Hsp70 levels, and depletion of Hsp70 abolished ADMA-induced Akt1 phosphorylation. ADMA decreased the interaction of Akt1 with its endogenous inhibitor, carboxyl-terminal modulator protein (CTMP). This was mediated by the proteasomal-dependent degradation of CTMP. The overexpression of CTMP attenuated ADMA-induced Akt1 phosphorylation at Ser473, eNOS phosphorylation at Ser617, and eNOS mitochondrial translocation. Finally, we found that the mitochondrial translocation of eNOS in our lamb model of pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased Akt1 and eNOS phosphorylation and reduced Akt1-CTMP protein interactions. In conclusion, our data suggest that CTMP is directly involved in ADMA-induced Akt1 phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo, and that increasing CTMP levels may be an avenue to treat pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutong Sun
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Manuela Kellner
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ankit A Desai
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ting Wang
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Qing Lu
- 2 Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Archana Kangath
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ning Qu
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Christina Klinger
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sohrab Fratz
- 3 Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center at the Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- 4 Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ruslan Rafikov
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- 5 Department of Pediatrics and.,6 Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stephen M Black
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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41
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Wang B, Zhang L, Liu J, Ma L, Wang H, Zheng N, Chen X, Shen B, Xu Z, Zhang L. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection promotes vascular endothelial cell angiogenesis through an IQGAP1-related signaling pathway. Int J Med Microbiol 2017; 307:276-286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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42
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Prieto-Bermejo R, Hernández-Hernández A. The Importance of NADPH Oxidases and Redox Signaling in Angiogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6020032. [PMID: 28505091 PMCID: PMC5488012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells have to cope with the constant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although the excessive production of ROS might be deleterious for cell biology, there is a plethora of evidence showing that moderate levels of ROS are important for the control of cell signaling and gene expression. The family of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NADPH oxidases or Nox) has evolved to produce ROS in response to different signals; therefore, they fulfil a central role in the control of redox signaling. The role of NADPH oxidases in vascular physiology has been a field of intense study over the last two decades. In this review we will briefly analyze how ROS can regulate signaling and gene expression. We will address the implication of NADPH oxidases and redox signaling in angiogenesis, and finally, the therapeutic possibilities derived from this knowledge will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
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43
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Kim YM, Kim SJ, Tatsunami R, Yamamura H, Fukai T, Ushio-Fukai M. ROS-induced ROS release orchestrated by Nox4, Nox2, and mitochondria in VEGF signaling and angiogenesis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 312:C749-C764. [PMID: 28424170 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00346.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidase (NOX) and mitochondria play a critical role in growth factor-induced switch from a quiescent to an angiogenic phenotype in endothelial cells (ECs). However, how highly diffusible ROS produced from different sources can coordinate to stimulate VEGF signaling and drive the angiogenic process remains unknown. Using the cytosol- and mitochondria-targeted redox-sensitive RoGFP biosensors with real-time imaging, here we show that VEGF stimulation in human ECs rapidly increases cytosolic RoGFP oxidation within 1 min, followed by mitochondrial RoGFP oxidation within 5 min, which continues at least for 60 min. Silencing of Nox4 or Nox2 or overexpression of mitochondria-targeted catalase significantly inhibits VEGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of VEGF receptor type 2 (VEGFR2-pY), EC migration and proliferation at the similar extent. Exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or overexpression of Nox4, which produces H2O2, increases mitochondrial ROS (mtROS), which is prevented by Nox2 siRNA, suggesting that Nox2 senses Nox4-derived H2O2 to promote mtROS production. Mechanistically, H2O2 increases S36 phosphorylation of p66Shc, a key mtROS regulator, which is inhibited by siNox2, but not by siNox4. Moreover, Nox2 or Nox4 knockdown or overexpression of S36 phosphorylation-defective mutant p66Shc(S36A) inhibits VEGF-induced mtROS, VEGFR2-pY, EC migration, and proliferation. In summary, Nox4-derived H2O2 in part activates Nox2 to increase mtROS via pSer36-p66Shc, thereby enhancing VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenesis in ECs. This may represent a novel feed-forward mechanism of ROS-induced ROS release orchestrated by the Nox4/Nox2/pSer36-p66Shc/mtROS axis, which drives sustained activation of angiogenesis signaling program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mee Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Seok-Jo Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ryosuke Tatsunami
- School of Pharmacy, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University, Hokkaido, Japan; and.,Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; .,Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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44
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Diao B, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yu J, Xie J, Xu GZ. IQGAP1‑siRNA inhibits proliferation and metastasis of U251 and U373 glioma cell lines. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2074-2082. [PMID: 28259970 PMCID: PMC5365011 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is a scaffold protein, which is aberrantly expressed in several tumor types and is closely associated with the development, metastasis and prognosis of cancer. Several studies have demonstrated that IQGAP1 has broad prospects in the basic and clinical research of tumors. The present study aimed to explore the effects of IQGAP1‑small interfering (si) NA on the proliferation and metastasis of U251 and U373 glioma cell lines, which markedly expressed IQGAP1. The human glioma cell lines (U251 and U373) were transfected with siRNA and transfection efficacy was confirmed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was detected using the Cell Counting kit‑8, and cell metastasis capabilities were detected using cell adhesion, migration and invasion assays. In addition, the expression levels of several tumor‑associated genes were determined by RT‑qPCR and western blotting. The results indicated that IQGAP1 was expressed at higher levels in glioma tissues compared with in normal brain tissues. IQGAP1‑siRNA significantly inhibited cell proliferation, and cell adhesion, migration and invasion. Furthermore, the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, Snail, MMP9, fibronectin 1 and Twist were suppressed, and E‑cadherin was upregulated in response to siRNA‑IQGAP1. The present study identified the function of IQGAP1 in glioma cell biology, and indicated that it may be considered a novel target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Diao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command and Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Experiment, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Clinical Experiment, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Science and Training, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Zheng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command and Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
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Galadari S, Rahman A, Pallichankandy S, Thayyullathil F. Reactive oxygen species and cancer paradox: To promote or to suppress? Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 104:144-164. [PMID: 28088622 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 615] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of highly reactive ions and molecules, are increasingly being appreciated as powerful signaling molecules involved in the regulation of a variety of biological processes. Indeed, their role is continuously being delineated in a variety of pathophysiological conditions. For instance, cancer cells are shown to have increased ROS levels in comparison to their normal counterparts. This is partly due to an enhanced metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells. The escalated ROS generation in cancer cells contributes to the biochemical and molecular changes necessary for the tumor initiation, promotion and progression, as well as, tumor resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, increased ROS in cancer cells may provide a unique opportunity to eliminate cancer cells via elevating ROS to highly toxic levels intracellularly, thereby, activating various ROS-induced cell death pathways, or inhibiting cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. Such results can be achieved by using agents that either increase ROS generation, or inhibit antioxidant defense, or even a combination of both. In fact, a large variety of anticancer drugs, and some of those currently under clinical trials, effectively kill cancer cells and overcome drug resistance via enhancing ROS generation and/or impeding the antioxidant defense mechanism. This review focuses on our current understanding of the tumor promoting (tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and chemoresistance) and the tumor suppressive (apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis) functions of ROS, and highlights the potential mechanism(s) involved. It also sheds light on a very novel and an actively growing field of ROS-dependent cell death mechanism referred to as ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehamuddin Galadari
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Al Jalila Foundation Research Centre, P.O. Box 300100, Dubai, UAE.
| | - Anees Rahman
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Siraj Pallichankandy
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Faisal Thayyullathil
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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Chawla B, Hedman AC, Sayedyahossein S, Erdemir HH, Li Z, Sacks DB. Absence of IQGAP1 Protein Leads to Insulin Resistance. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:3273-3289. [PMID: 28082684 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.752642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin binds to the insulin receptor (IR) and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), leading to activation of the PKB/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways. IQGAP1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with multiple binding partners and integrates diverse signaling cascades. Here we show that IQGAP1 associates with both IR and IRS-1 and influences insulin action. In vitro analysis with pure proteins revealed that the IQ region of IQGAP1 binds directly to the intracellular domain of IR. Similarly, the phosphotyrosine-binding domain of IRS-1 mediates a direct interaction with the C-terminal tail of IQGAP1. Consistent with these observations, both IR and IRS-1 co-immunoprecipitated with IQGAP1 from cells. Investigation of the functional effects of the interactions revealed that in the absence of IQGAP1, insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, as well as the association of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase with IRS-1, were significantly decreased. Importantly, loss of IQGAP1 results in impaired insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis in vivo Collectively, these data reveal that IQGAP1 is a scaffold for IR and IRS-1 and implicate IQGAP1 as a participant in insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavna Chawla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Andrew C Hedman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Samar Sayedyahossein
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Huseyin H Erdemir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
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Evans IM, Kennedy SA, Paliashvili K, Santra T, Yamaji M, Lovering RC, Britton G, Frankel P, Kolch W, Zachary IC. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Promotes Assembly of the p130Cas Interactome to Drive Endothelial Chemotactic Signaling and Angiogenesis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 16:168-180. [PMID: 28007913 PMCID: PMC5294206 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.064428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
p130Cas is a polyvalent adapter protein essential for cardiovascular development, and with a key role in cell movement. In order to identify the pathways by which p130Cas exerts its biological functions in endothelial cells we mapped the p130Cas interactome and its dynamic changes in response to VEGF using high-resolution mass spectrometry and reconstruction of protein interaction (PPI) networks with the aid of multiple PPI databases. VEGF enriched the p130Cas interactome in proteins involved in actin cytoskeletal dynamics and cell movement, including actin-binding proteins, small GTPases and regulators or binders of GTPases. Detailed studies showed that p130Cas association of the GTPase-binding scaffold protein, IQGAP1, plays a key role in VEGF chemotactic signaling, endothelial polarization, VEGF-induced cell migration, and endothelial tube formation. These findings indicate a cardinal role for assembly of the p130Cas interactome in mediating the cell migratory response to VEGF in angiogenesis, and provide a basis for further studies of p130Cas in cell movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Evans
- From the ‡Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Susan A Kennedy
- §Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ketevan Paliashvili
- From the ‡Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Tapesh Santra
- §Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Maiko Yamaji
- From the ‡Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth C Lovering
- **Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Britton
- From the ‡Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Frankel
- From the ‡Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Walter Kolch
- §Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.,¶Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.,‖School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ian C Zachary
- From the ‡Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom;
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Huang JK, Ma L, Song WH, Lu BY, Huang YB, Dong HM, Ma XK, Zhu ZZ, Zhou R. MALAT1 promotes the proliferation and invasion of thyroid cancer cells via regulating the expression of IQGAP1. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Socoro-Yuste N, Dagher MC, Gonzalez De Peredo A, Mondet J, Zaccaria A, Roux Dalvai F, Plo I, Cahn JY, Mossuz P. Ph(-) myeloproliferative neoplasm red blood cells display deregulation of IQGAP1-Rho GTPase signaling depending on CALR/JAK2 status. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2758-2765. [PMID: 27566291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Besides genetic abnormalities in MPN patients, several studies have reported alterations in protein expression that could contribute towards the clinical phenotype. However, little is known about protein modifications in Ph- MPN erythrocytes. In this context, we used a quantitative mass spectrometry proteomics approach to study the MPN erythrocyte proteome. LC-MS/MS (LTQ Orbitrap) analysis led to the identification of 51 and 86 overexpressed proteins in Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocythemia respectively, compared with controls. Functional comparison using pathway analysis software showed that the Rho GTPase family signaling pathways were deregulated in MPN patients. In particular, IQGAP1 was significantly overexpressed in MPNs compared with controls. Additionally, Western-blot analysis not only confirmed IQGAP1 overexpression, but also showed that IQGAP1 levels depended on the patient's genotype. Moreover, we found that in JAK2V617F patients IQGAP1 could bind RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42 and consequently recruit activated GTP-Rac1 and the cytoskeleton motility protein PAK1. In CALR(+) patients, IQGAP1 was not overexpressed but immunoprecipitated with RhoGDI. In JAK2V617F transduced Ba/F3 cells we confirmed JAK2 inhibitor-sensitive overexpression of IQGAP1/PAK1. Altogether, our data demonstrated alterations of IQGAP1/Rho GTPase signaling in MPN erythrocytes dependent on JAK2/CALR status, reinforcing the hypothesis that modifications in erythrocyte signaling pathways participate in Ph- MPN pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Socoro-Yuste
- TheREx Team "Thérapeutique recombinante expérimentale", TIMC-IMAG Laboratory, "Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications de Grenoble", UMR, UJF, CNRS 5525, University of Grenoble Alpes, France.
| | - Marie-Claire Dagher
- TheREx Team "Thérapeutique recombinante expérimentale", TIMC-IMAG Laboratory, "Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications de Grenoble", UMR, UJF, CNRS 5525, University of Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Anne Gonzalez De Peredo
- Plateforme Protéomique de la Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, UMR, 5089 Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Mondet
- TheREx Team "Thérapeutique recombinante expérimentale", TIMC-IMAG Laboratory, "Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications de Grenoble", UMR, UJF, CNRS 5525, University of Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Affif Zaccaria
- Department of clinical proteomics, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florence Roux Dalvai
- Plateforme Protéomique de la Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, UMR, 5089 Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Plo
- INSERM, UMR1170, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Yves Cahn
- TheREx Team "Thérapeutique recombinante expérimentale", TIMC-IMAG Laboratory, "Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications de Grenoble", UMR, UJF, CNRS 5525, University of Grenoble Alpes, France; Clinique Universitaire d'Hématologie, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, France
| | - Pascal Mossuz
- TheREx Team "Thérapeutique recombinante expérimentale", TIMC-IMAG Laboratory, "Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications de Grenoble", UMR, UJF, CNRS 5525, University of Grenoble Alpes, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie cellulaire, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, France
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Li J, Krishna SM, Golledge J. The Potential Role of Kallistatin in the Development of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081312. [PMID: 27529213 PMCID: PMC5000709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular condition that causes permanent dilation of the abdominal aorta, which can lead to death due to aortic rupture. The only treatment for AAA is surgical repair, and there is no current drug treatment for AAA. Aortic inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis, angiogenesis, oxidative stress and vascular remodeling are implicated in AAA pathogenesis. Kallistatin is a serine proteinase inhibitor, which has been shown to have a variety of functions, potentially relevant in AAA pathogenesis. Kallistatin has been reported to have inhibitory effects on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) signaling induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Kallistatin also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Wnt canonical signaling, which promote inflammation, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling in various pre-clinical experimental models. This review explores the potential protective role of kallistatin in AAA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaze Li
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 4811 Townsville, Australia.
| | - Smriti Murali Krishna
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 4811 Townsville, Australia.
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 4811 Townsville, Australia.
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, 4811 Townsville, Australia.
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