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Bai W, Guo T, Wang H, Li B, Sun Q, Wu W, Zhang J, Zhou J, Luo J, Zhu M, Lu J, Li P, Dong B, Han S, Pang X, Zhang G, Bai Y, Wang S. S-nitrosylation of AMPKγ impairs coronary collateral circulation and disrupts VSMC reprogramming. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:128-143. [PMID: 38177907 PMCID: PMC10897329 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Collateral circulation is essential for blood resupply to the ischemic heart, which is dictated by the contractile phenotypic restoration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Here we investigate whether S-nitrosylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator of the VSMC phenotype, impairs collateral circulation. In rats with collateral growth and development, nitroglycerin decreases coronary collateral blood flow (CCBF), inhibits vascular contractile phenotypic restoration, and increases myocardial infarct size, accompanied by reduced AMPK activity in the collateral zone. Nitric oxide (NO) S-nitrosylates human recombinant AMPKγ1 at cysteine 131 and decreases AMP sensitivity of AMPK. In VSMCs, exogenous expression of S-nitrosylation-resistant AMPKγ1 or deficient NO synthase (iNOS) prevents the disruption of VSMC reprogramming. Finally, hyperhomocysteinemia or hyperglycemia increases AMPKγ1 S-nitrosylation, prevents vascular contractile phenotypic restoration, reduces CCBF, and increases the infarct size of the heart in Apoe-/- mice, all of which is rescued in Apoe-/-/iNOSsm-/- mice or Apoe-/- mice with enforced expression of the AMPKγ1-C130A mutant following RI/MI. We conclude that nitrosative stress disrupts coronary collateral circulation during hyperhomocysteinemia or hyperglycemia through AMPK S-nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Bai
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Han Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wanzhou Wu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxiong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jipeng Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingmin Luo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Moli Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Junxiu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shufang Han
- Department of Cardiology, The 960th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyan Pang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongping Bai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Shuangxi Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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2
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Zhuang J, Zhang X, Liu Q, Zhu M, Huang X. Targeted delivery of nanomedicines for promoting vascular regeneration in ischemic diseases. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:6223-6241. [PMID: 36168632 PMCID: PMC9475455 DOI: 10.7150/thno.73421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases, the leading cause of disability and death, are caused by the restriction or blockage of blood flow in specific tissues, including ischemic cardiac, ischemic cerebrovascular and ischemic peripheral vascular diseases. The regeneration of functional vasculature network in ischemic tissues is essential for treatment of ischemic diseases. Direct delivery of pro-angiogenesis factors, such as VEGF, has demonstrated the effectiveness in ischemic disease therapy but suffering from several obstacles, such as low delivery efficacy in disease sites and uncontrolled modulation. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of inducing vascular regeneration, providing the guidance for designing the desired nanomedicines. We also introduce the delivery of various nanomedicines to ischemic tissues by passive or active targeting manner. To achieve the efficient delivery of nanomedicines in various ischemic diseases, we highlight targeted delivery of nanomedicines and controllable modulation of disease microenvironment using nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhuang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xinglu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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3
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le Noble F, Kupatt C. Interdependence of Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis in Development and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073879. [PMID: 35409246 PMCID: PMC8999596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure of arterial networks is optimized to allow efficient flow delivery to metabolically active tissues. Optimization of flow delivery is a continuous process involving synchronization of the structure and function of the microcirculation with the upstream arterial network. Risk factors for ischemic cardiovascular diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, adversely affect endothelial function, induce capillary regression, and disrupt the micro- to macrocirculation cross-talk. We provide evidence showing that this loss of synchronization reduces arterial collateral network recruitment upon arterial stenosis, and the long-term clinical outcome of current revascularization strategies in these patient cohorts. We describe mechanisms and signals contributing to synchronized growth of micro- and macrocirculation in development and upon ischemic challenges in the adult organism and identify potential therapeutic targets. We conclude that a long-term successful revascularization strategy should aim at both removing obstructions in the proximal part of the arterial tree and restoring “bottom-up” vascular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems—Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg Germany and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (F.l.N.); (C.K.)
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: (F.l.N.); (C.K.)
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4
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Spadaccio C, Nenna A, Rose D, Piccirillo F, Nusca A, Grigioni F, Chello M, Vlahakes GJ. The Role of Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesisin Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Revascularization. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:1024-1048. [PMID: 35357670 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Surgical myocardial revascularization is associated with long-term survival benefit in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. However, the exact biological mechanisms underlying the clinical benefits of myocardial revascularization have not been elucidated yet. Angiogenesis and arteriogenesis biologically leading to vascular collateralization are considered one of the endogenous mechanisms to preserve myocardial viability during ischemia, and the presence of coronary collateralization has been regarded as one of the predictors of long-term survival in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Some experimental studies and indirect clinical evidence on chronic CAD confirmed an angiogenetic response induced by myocardial revascularization and suggested that revascularization procedures could constitute an angiogenetic trigger per se. In this review, the clinical and basic science evidence regarding arteriogenesis and angiogenesis in both CAD and coronary revascularization is analyzed with the aim to better elucidate their significance in the clinical arena and potential therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Spadaccio
- Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. .,Cardiac Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital & University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Antonio Nenna
- Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - David Rose
- Cardiac Surgery, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Blackpool, UK
| | | | | | | | - Massimo Chello
- Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Gus J Vlahakes
- Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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5
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Nyvad J, Lerman A, Lerman LO. With a Little Help From My Friends: the Role of the Renal Collateral Circulation in Atherosclerotic Renovascular Disease. Hypertension 2022; 79:717-725. [PMID: 35135307 PMCID: PMC8917080 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The collateral circulation can adapt to bypass major arteries with limited flow and serves a crucial protective role in coronary, cerebral, and peripheral arterial disease. Emerging evidence indicates that the renal collateral circulation can similarly adapt and thereby limit kidney ischemia in atherosclerotic renovascular disease. These adaptations predominantly include recruitment of preexisting microvessels for arteriogenesis, with de novo vessel formation playing a limited role. Yet, adaptations of the renal collateral circulation in renovascular disease are often insufficient to fully compensate for the limited flow within an obstructed renal artery and may be hampered by the severity of obstruction or patient comorbidities. Experimental strategies have attempted to circumvent limitations of collateral formation and improve the prognosis of patients with various ischemic vascular territories. These have included pharmacological approaches such as endothelial growth factors, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade, and If-channel-blockers, as well as interventions like preconditioning, exercise, enhanced external counter-pulsation, and low-energy shock-wave therapy. However, few of these strategies have been implemented in atherosclerotic renovascular disease. This review summarizes current understanding regarding the development of renal collateral circulation in atherosclerotic renovascular disease. Studies are needed to apply lessons learned in other vascular beds in the setting of atherosclerotic renovascular disease to develop new treatment regimens for this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Nyvad
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. (J.N., L.O.L.).,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (J.N.)
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. (A.L.)
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. (J.N., L.O.L.)
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Kaloss AM, Theus MH. Leptomeningeal anastomoses: Mechanisms of pial collateral remodeling in ischemic stroke. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1553. [PMID: 35118835 PMCID: PMC9283306 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arterial collateralization, as determined by leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral vessels, is a well‐established vital player in cerebral blood flow restoration and neurological recovery from ischemic stroke. A secondary network of cerebral collateral circulation apart from the Circle of Willis, exist as remnants of arteriole development that connect the distal arteries in the pia mater. Recent interest lies in understanding the cellular and molecular adaptations that control the growth and remodeling, or arteriogenesis, of these pre‐existing collateral vessels. New findings from both animal models and human studies of ischemic stroke suggest a multi‐factorial and complex, temporospatial interplay of endothelium, immune and vessel‐associated cell interactions may work in concert to facilitate or thwart arteriogenesis. These valuable reports may provide critical insight into potential predictors of the pial collateral response in patients with large vessel occlusion and may aid in therapeutics to enhance collateral function and improve recovery from stroke. This article is categorized under:Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Kaloss
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Michelle H Theus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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7
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McEnaney RM, McCreary DD, Skirtich NO, Andraska EA, Sachdev U, Tzeng E. Elastic Laminar Reorganization Occurs with Outward Diameter Expansion during Collateral Artery Growth and Requires Lysyl Oxidase for Stabilization. Cells 2021; 11:7. [PMID: 35011567 PMCID: PMC8750335 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
When a large artery becomes occluded, hemodynamic changes stimulate remodeling of arterial networks to form collateral arteries in a process termed arteriogenesis. However, the structural changes necessary for collateral remodeling have not been defined. We hypothesize that deconstruction of the extracellular matrix is essential to remodel smaller arteries into effective collaterals. Using multiphoton microscopy, we analyzed collagen and elastin structure in maturing collateral arteries isolated from ischemic rat hindlimbs. Collateral arteries harvested at different timepoints showed progressive diameter expansion associated with striking rearrangement of internal elastic lamina (IEL) into a loose fibrous mesh, a pattern persisting at 8 weeks. Despite a 2.5-fold increase in luminal diameter, total elastin content remained unchanged in collaterals compared with control arteries. Among the collateral midzones, baseline elastic fiber content was low. Outward remodeling of these vessels with a 10-20 fold diameter increase was associated with fractures of the elastic fibers and evidence of increased wall tension, as demonstrated by the straightening of the adventitial collagen. Inhibition of lysyl oxidase (LOX) function with β-aminopropionitrile resulted in severe fragmentation or complete loss of continuity of the IEL in developing collaterals. Collateral artery development is associated with permanent redistribution of existing elastic fibers to accommodate diameter growth. We found no evidence of new elastic fiber formation. Stabilization of the arterial wall during outward remodeling is necessary and dependent on LOX activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. McEnaney
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA; (D.D.M.); (N.O.S.); (E.T.)
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (E.A.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Dylan D. McCreary
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA; (D.D.M.); (N.O.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Nolan O. Skirtich
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA; (D.D.M.); (N.O.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Elizabeth A. Andraska
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (E.A.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Ulka Sachdev
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (E.A.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Edith Tzeng
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA; (D.D.M.); (N.O.S.); (E.T.)
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (E.A.A.); (U.S.)
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8
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Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Switching in Arteriogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910585. [PMID: 34638923 PMCID: PMC8508942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Arteriogenesis is one of the primary physiological means by which the circulatory collateral system restores blood flow after significant arterial occlusion in peripheral arterial disease patients. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the predominant cell type in collateral arteries and respond to altered blood flow and inflammatory conditions after an arterial occlusion by switching their phenotype between quiescent contractile and proliferative synthetic states. Maintaining the contractile state of VSMC is required for collateral vascular function to regulate blood vessel tone and blood flow during arteriogenesis, whereas synthetic SMCs are crucial in the growth and remodeling of the collateral media layer to establish more stable conduit arteries. Timely VSMC phenotype switching requires a set of coordinated actions of molecular and cellular mediators to result in an expansive remodeling of collaterals that restores the blood flow effectively into downstream ischemic tissues. This review overviews the role of VSMC phenotypic switching in the physiological arteriogenesis process and how the VSMC phenotype is affected by the primary triggers of arteriogenesis such as blood flow hemodynamic forces and inflammation. Better understanding the role of VSMC phenotype switching during arteriogenesis can identify novel therapeutic strategies to enhance revascularization in peripheral arterial disease.
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9
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Wang S, Wang E, Chen Q, Yang Y, Xu L, Zhang X, Wu R, Hu X, Wu Z. Uncovering Potential lncRNAs and mRNAs in the Progression From Acute Myocardial Infarction to Myocardial Fibrosis to Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:664044. [PMID: 34336943 PMCID: PMC8322527 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.664044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Morbidity and mortality of heart failure (HF) post-myocardial infarction (MI) remain elevated. The aim of this study was to find potential long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in the progression from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to myocardial fibrosis (MF) to HF. Methods: Firstly, blood samples from AMI, MF, and HF patients were used for RNA sequencing. Secondly, differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were obtained in MF vs. AMI and HF vs. MF, followed by functional analysis of shared differentially expressed mRNAs between two groups. Thirdly, interaction networks of lncRNA-nearby targeted mRNA and lncRNA-co-expressed mRNA were constructed in MF vs. AMI and HF vs. MF. Finally, expression validation and diagnostic capability analysis of selected lncRNAs and mRNAs were performed. Results: Several lncRNA-co-expressed/nearby targeted mRNA pairs including AC005392.3/AC007278.2-IL18R1, AL356356.1/AL137145.2-PFKFB3, and MKNK1-AS1/LINC01127-IL1R2 were identified. Several signaling pathways including TNF and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, fructose and mannose metabolism and HIF-1, hematopoietic cell lineage and fluid shear stress, and atherosclerosis and estrogen were selected. IL1R2, IRAK3, LRG1, and PLAC4 had a potential diagnostic value for both AMI and HF. Conclusion: Identified AC005392.3/AC007278.2-IL18R1, AL356356.1/AL137145.2-PFKFB3, and MKNK1-AS1/LINC01127-IL1R2 lncRNA-co-expressed/nearby targeted mRNA pairs may play crucial roles in the development of AMI, MF, and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Enmao Wang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qincong Chen
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rubing Wu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xitian Hu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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10
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Gifre-Renom L, Jones EAV. Vessel Enlargement in Development and Pathophysiology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:639645. [PMID: 33716786 PMCID: PMC7947306 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.639645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
From developmental stages until adulthood, the circulatory system remodels in response to changes in blood flow in order to maintain vascular homeostasis. Remodeling processes can be driven by de novo formation of vessels or angiogenesis, and by the restructuration of already existing vessels, such as vessel enlargement and regression. Notably, vessel enlargement can occur as fast as in few hours in response to changes in flow and pressure. The high plasticity and responsiveness of blood vessels rely on endothelial cells. Changes within the bloodstream, such as increasing shear stress in a narrowing vessel or lowering blood flow in redundant vessels, are sensed by endothelial cells and activate downstream signaling cascades, promoting behavioral changes in the involved cells. This way, endothelial cells can reorganize themselves to restore normal circulation levels within the vessel. However, the dysregulation of such processes can entail severe pathological circumstances with disturbances affecting diverse organs, such as human hereditary telangiectasias. There are different pathways through which endothelial cells react to promote vessel enlargement and mechanisms may differ depending on whether remodeling occurs in the adult or in developmental models. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the fast-adapting processes governing vessel enlargement can open the door to a new set of therapeutical approaches to be applied in occlusive vascular diseases. Therefore, we have outlined here the latest advances in the study of vessel enlargement in physiology and pathology, with a special insight in the pathways involved in its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Gifre-Renom
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth A V Jones
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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11
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Stassen OMJA, Ristori T, Sahlgren CM. Notch in mechanotransduction - from molecular mechanosensitivity to tissue mechanostasis. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/24/jcs250738. [PMID: 33443070 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.250738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue development and homeostasis are controlled by mechanical cues. Perturbation of the mechanical equilibrium triggers restoration of mechanostasis through changes in cell behavior, while defects in these restorative mechanisms lead to mechanopathologies, for example, osteoporosis, myopathies, fibrosis or cardiovascular disease. Therefore, sensing mechanical cues and integrating them with the biomolecular cell fate machinery is essential for the maintenance of health. The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell and tissue fate in nearly all tissues. Notch activation is directly and indirectly mechanosensitive, and regulation of Notch signaling, and consequently cell fate, is integral to the cellular response to mechanical cues. Fully understanding the dynamic relationship between molecular signaling, tissue mechanics and tissue remodeling is challenging. To address this challenge, engineered microtissues and computational models play an increasingly large role. In this Review, we propose that Notch takes on the role of a 'mechanostat', maintaining the mechanical equilibrium of tissues. We discuss the reciprocal role of Notch in the regulation of tissue mechanics, with an emphasis on cardiovascular tissues, and the potential of computational and engineering approaches to unravel the complex dynamic relationship between mechanics and signaling in the maintenance of cell and tissue mechanostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar M J A Stassen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland .,Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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12
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Klems A, van Rijssel J, Ramms AS, Wild R, Hammer J, Merkel M, Derenbach L, Préau L, Hinkel R, Suarez-Martinez I, Schulte-Merker S, Vidal R, Sauer S, Kivelä R, Alitalo K, Kupatt C, van Buul JD, le Noble F. The GEF Trio controls endothelial cell size and arterial remodeling downstream of Vegf signaling in both zebrafish and cell models. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5319. [PMID: 33087700 PMCID: PMC7578835 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial networks enlarge in response to increase in tissue metabolism to facilitate flow and nutrient delivery. Typically, the transition of a growing artery with a small diameter into a large caliber artery with a sizeable diameter occurs upon the blood flow driven change in number and shape of endothelial cells lining the arterial lumen. Here, using zebrafish embryos and endothelial cell models, we describe an alternative, flow independent model, involving enlargement of arterial endothelial cells, which results in the formation of large diameter arteries. Endothelial enlargement requires the GEF1 domain of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio and activation of Rho-GTPases Rac1 and RhoG in the cell periphery, inducing F-actin cytoskeleton remodeling, myosin based tension at junction regions and focal adhesions. Activation of Trio in developing arteries in vivo involves precise titration of the Vegf signaling strength in the arterial wall, which is controlled by the soluble Vegf receptor Flt1. Arterial flow regulates artery diameter but other mechanisms may also affect this. Here, the authors show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio and GTPases Rac1 and RhoG, triggers F-actin remodeling in arterial endothelial cells, independent of flow, to enhance lumen diameter in zebrafish and cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Klems
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jos van Rijssel
- Molecular Cell Biology lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne S Ramms
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Raphael Wild
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Julia Hammer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Melanie Merkel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laura Derenbach
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laetitia Préau
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibnitz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Irina Suarez-Martinez
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration WWU Münster, Münster, Germany & Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany & Cells in Motion Cluster of Excellence, Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration WWU Münster, Münster, Germany & Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany & Cells in Motion Cluster of Excellence, Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ramon Vidal
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology & Berlin Institute of Health, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Sauer
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology & Berlin Institute of Health, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Riikka Kivelä
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, and Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, and Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Munich, Germany, and DZHK, (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- Molecular Cell Biology lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences at University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ferdinand le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg Germany and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
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13
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Stein TS. Correlation of Daily Activities with Intermittent Claudication in a Patient-designed Individualized Quantified Community Walking Program. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 68:e574-e581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Thomas K, Ayse C, Natalia K, Peter B, Bedriye SH, Praveen G, Hakan A, Markus S, Wolfgang S, Yeong-Hoon C, Miroslav B, Manfred R. The MEK/ERK Module Is Reprogrammed in Remodeling Adult Cardiomyocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176348. [PMID: 32882982 PMCID: PMC7503571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal and hypertrophic remodeling are hallmarks of cardiac restructuring leading chronically to heart failure. Since the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK cascade (MAPK) is involved in the development of heart failure, we hypothesized, first, that fetal remodeling is different from hypertrophy and, second, that remodeling of the MAPK occurs. To test our hypothesis, we analyzed models of cultured adult rat cardiomyocytes as well as investigated myocytes in the failing human myocardium by western blot and confocal microscopy. Fetal remodeling was induced through endothelial morphogens and monitored by the reexpression of Acta2, Actn1, and Actb. Serum-induced hypertrophy was determined by increased surface size and protein content of cardiomyocytes. Serum and morphogens caused reprogramming of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK. In both models H-Ras, N-Ras, Rap2, B- and C-Raf, MEK1/2 as well as ERK1/2 increased while K-Ras was downregulated. Atrophy, MAPK-dependent ischemic resistance, loss of A-Raf, and reexpression of Rap1 and Erk3 highlighted fetal remodeling, while A-Raf accumulation marked hypertrophy. The knock-down of B-Raf by siRNA reduced MAPK activation and fetal reprogramming. In conclusion, we demonstrate that fetal and hypertrophic remodeling are independent processes and involve reprogramming of the MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubin Thomas
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Benekestrasse 2-8, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (C.A.); (K.N.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (C.Y.-H.)
- Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (B.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Cetinkaya Ayse
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Benekestrasse 2-8, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (C.A.); (K.N.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (C.Y.-H.)
- Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Kubin Natalia
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Benekestrasse 2-8, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (C.A.); (K.N.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (C.Y.-H.)
- Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Bramlage Peter
- Institute for Pharmacology and Preventive Medicine, Bahnhofstraße 20, 49661 Cloppenburg, Germany;
| | - Sen-Hild Bedriye
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University, Feulgenstrasse 10-12, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.-H.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Gajawada Praveen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Benekestrasse 2-8, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (C.A.); (K.N.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (C.Y.-H.)
- Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Akintürk Hakan
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University, Feulgenstrasse 10-12, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.-H.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Schönburg Markus
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Benekestrasse 2-8, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (C.A.); (K.N.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (C.Y.-H.)
- Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Schaper Wolfgang
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany;
| | - Choi Yeong-Hoon
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Benekestrasse 2-8, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (C.A.); (K.N.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (C.Y.-H.)
- Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Barancik Miroslav
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (B.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Richter Manfred
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Benekestrasse 2-8, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (C.A.); (K.N.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (C.Y.-H.)
- Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (B.M.); (R.M.)
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15
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Tabibian A, Ghaffari S, Vargas DA, Van Oosterwyck H, Jones EAV. Simulating flow induced migration in vascular remodelling. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007874. [PMID: 32822340 PMCID: PMC7478591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Shear stress induces directed endothelial cell (EC) migration in blood vessels leading to vessel diameter increase and induction of vascular maturation. Other factors, such as EC elongation and interaction between ECs and non-vascular areas are also important. Computational models have previously been used to study collective cell migration. These models can be used to predict EC migration and its effect on vascular remodelling during embryogenesis. We combined live time-lapse imaging of the remodelling vasculature of the quail embryo yolk sac with flow quantification using a combination of micro-Particle Image Velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics. We then used the flow and remodelling data to inform a model of EC migration during remodelling. To obtain the relation between shear stress and velocity in vitro for EC cells, we developed a flow chamber to assess how confluent sheets of ECs migrate in response to shear stress. Using these data as an input, we developed a multiphase, self-propelled particles (SPP) model where individual agents are driven to migrate based on the level of shear stress while maintaining appropriate spatial relationship to nearby agents. These agents elongate, interact with each other, and with avascular agents at each time-step of the model. We compared predicted vascular shape to real vascular shape after 4 hours from our time-lapse movies and performed sensitivity analysis on the various model parameters. Our model shows that shear stress has the largest effect on the remodelling process. Importantly, however, elongation played an especially important part in remodelling. This model provides a powerful tool to study the input of different biological processes on remodelling. Shear stress is known to play a leading role in endothelial cell (EC) migration and hence, vascular remodelling. Vascular remodelling is, however, more complicated than only EC migration. To achieve a better understanding of this process, we developed a computational model in which, shear stress mediated EC migration has the leading role and other factors, such as avascular regions and EC elongation, are also accounted for. We have tested this model for different vessel shapes during remodelling and could study the role that each of these factors play in remodelling. This model gives us the possibility of addition of other factors such as biochemical signals and angiogenesis which will help us in the study of vascular remodelling in both development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Tabibian
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Siavash Ghaffari
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Saint Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Diego A. Vargas
- Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Van Oosterwyck
- Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth A. V. Jones
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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16
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Recruitment and maturation of the coronary collateral circulation: Current understanding and perspectives in arteriogenesis. Microvasc Res 2020; 132:104058. [PMID: 32798552 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The coronary collateral circulation is a rich anastomotic network of primitive vessels which have the ability to augment in size and function through the process of arteriogenesis. In this review, we evaluate the current understandings of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which this process occurs, specifically focussing on elevated fluid shear stress (FSS), inflammation, the redox state and gene expression along with the integrative, parallel and simultaneous process by which this occurs. The initiating step of arteriogenesis occurs following occlusion of an epicardial coronary artery, with an increase in FSS detected by mechanoreceptors within the endothelium. This must occur within a 'redox window' where an equilibrium of oxidative and reductive factors are present. These factors initially result in an inflammatory milieu, mediated by neutrophils as well as lymphocytes, with resultant activation of a number of downstream molecular pathways resulting in increased expression of proteins involved in monocyte attraction and adherence; namely vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Once monocytes and other inflammatory cells adhere to the endothelium they enter the extracellular matrix and differentiate into macrophages in an effort to create a favourable environment for vessel growth and development. Activated macrophages secrete inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and matrix metalloproteinases. Finally, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferate and switch to a contractile phenotype, resulting in an increased diameter and functionality of the collateral vessel, thereby allowing improved perfusion of the distal myocardium subtended by the occluded vessel. This simultaneously reduces FSS within the collateral vessel, inhibiting further vessel growth.
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17
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Troidl K, Hammerschick T, Albarran-Juarez J, Jung G, Schierling W, Tonack S, Krüger M, Matuschke B, Troidl C, Schaper W, Schmitz-Rixen T, Preissner KT, Fischer S. Shear Stress-Induced miR-143-3p in Collateral Arteries Contributes to Outward Vessel Growth by Targeting Collagen V-α2. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:e126-e137. [PMID: 32188276 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.313316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arteriogenesis, describing the process of collateral artery growth, is activated by fluid shear stress (FSS). Since this vascular mechanotransduction may involve microRNAs (miRNAs), we investigated the FSS-induced expression of vascular cell miRNAs and their functional impact on collateral artery growth during arteriogenesis. Approach and Results: To this end, rats underwent femoral artery ligation and arteriovenous anastomosis to increase collateral blood flow to maximize FSS and trigger collateral vessel remodeling. Five days after surgery, a miRNA expression profile was obtained from collateral tissue, and upregulation of 4 miRNAs (miR-24-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-195-5p) was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Knockdown of miRNAs at the same time of the surgery in an in vivo mouse ligation and recovery model demonstrated that inhibition of miR-143-3p only severely impaired blood flow recovery due to decreased arteriogenesis. In situ hybridization revealed distinct localization of miR-143-3p in the vessel wall of growing collateral arteries predominantly in smooth muscle cells. To investigate the mechanotransduction of FSS leading to the increased miR-143-3p expression, cultured endothelial cells were exposed to FSS. This provoked the expression and release of TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β), which increased the expression of miR-143-3p in smooth muscle cells in the presence of SRF (serum response factor) and myocardin. COL5A2 (collagen type V-α2)-a target gene of miR-143-3p predicted by in silico analysis-was found to be downregulated in growing collaterals. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the increased miR-143-3p expression in response to FSS might contribute to the reorganization of the extracellular matrix, which is important for vascular remodeling processes, by inhibiting collagen V-α2 biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Troidl
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (K.T., J.A.-J., S.T., W. Schaper)
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (K.T., G.J., T.S.-R.)
| | - Thomas Hammerschick
- Department of Biochemistry (T.H., B.M., K.T.P., S.F.), Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Julian Albarran-Juarez
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (K.T., J.A.-J., S.T., W. Schaper)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark (J.A.-J.)
| | - Georg Jung
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (K.T., G.J., T.S.-R.)
| | - Wilma Schierling
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany (W. Schierling)
| | - Sarah Tonack
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (K.T., J.A.-J., S.T., W. Schaper)
| | - Marcus Krüger
- CECAD (Cluster of Excellence Cluster at the University of Cologne), University of Cologne, Germany (M.K.)
| | - Benjamin Matuschke
- Department of Biochemistry (T.H., B.M., K.T.P., S.F.), Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Troidl
- Department of Experimental Cardiology (C.T.), Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Bad Nauheim, Germany (C.T.)
| | - Wolfgang Schaper
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (K.T., J.A.-J., S.T., W. Schaper)
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rixen
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (K.T., G.J., T.S.-R.)
| | - Klaus T Preissner
- Department of Biochemistry (T.H., B.M., K.T.P., S.F.), Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry (T.H., B.M., K.T.P., S.F.), Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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18
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Troidl K, Schubert C, Vlacil AK, Chennupati R, Koch S, Schütt J, Oberoi R, Schaper W, Schmitz-Rixen T, Schieffer B, Grote K. The Lipopeptide MALP-2 Promotes Collateral Growth. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040997. [PMID: 32316253 PMCID: PMC7227808 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond their role in pathogen recognition and the initiation of immune defense, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are known to be involved in various vascular processes in health and disease. We investigated the potential of the lipopeptide and TLR2/6 ligand macrophage activating protein of 2-kDA (MALP-2) to promote blood flow recovery in mice. Hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E (Apoe)-deficient mice were subjected to microsurgical ligation of the femoral artery. MALP-2 significantly improved blood flow recovery at early time points (three and seven days), as assessed by repeated laser speckle imaging, and increased the growth of pre-existing collateral arteries in the upper hind limb, along with intimal endothelial cell proliferation in the collateral wall and pericollateral macrophage accumulation. In addition, MALP-2 increased capillary density in the lower hind limb. MALP-2 enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and nitric oxide (NO) release from endothelial cells and improved the experimental vasorelaxation of mesenteric arteries ex vivo. In vitro, MALP-2 led to the up-regulated expression of major endothelial adhesion molecules as well as their leukocyte integrin receptors and consequently enhanced the endothelial adhesion of leukocytes. Using the experimental approach of femoral artery ligation (FAL), we achieved promising results with MALP-2 to promote peripheral blood flow recovery by collateral artery growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Troidl
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (R.C.); (W.S.)
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60488 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.S.); (T.S.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Christian Schubert
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60488 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.S.); (T.S.-R.)
| | - Ann-Kathrin Vlacil
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (S.K.); (J.S.); (R.O.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Ramesh Chennupati
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (R.C.); (W.S.)
| | - Sören Koch
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (S.K.); (J.S.); (R.O.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Jutta Schütt
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (S.K.); (J.S.); (R.O.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Raghav Oberoi
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (S.K.); (J.S.); (R.O.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Wolfgang Schaper
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (R.C.); (W.S.)
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rixen
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60488 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.S.); (T.S.-R.)
| | - Bernhard Schieffer
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (S.K.); (J.S.); (R.O.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Karsten Grote
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (S.K.); (J.S.); (R.O.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
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19
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Heuslein JL, Gorick CM, Price RJ. Epigenetic regulators of the revascularization response to chronic arterial occlusion. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:701-712. [PMID: 30629133 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the leading cause of lower limb amputation and estimated to affect over 202 million people worldwide. PAD is caused by atherosclerotic lesions that occlude large arteries in the lower limbs, leading to insufficient blood perfusion of distal tissues. Given the severity of this clinical problem, there has been long-standing interest in both understanding how chronic arterial occlusions affect muscle tissue and vasculature and identifying therapeutic approaches capable of restoring tissue composition and vascular function to a healthy state. To date, the most widely utilized animal model for performing such studies has been the ischaemic mouse hindlimb. Despite not being a model of PAD per se, the ischaemic hindlimb model does recapitulate several key aspects of PAD. Further, it has served as a valuable platform upon which we have built much of our understanding of how chronic arterial occlusions affect muscle tissue composition, muscle regeneration and angiogenesis, and collateral arteriogenesis. Recently, there has been a global surge in research aimed at understanding how gene expression is regulated by epigenetic factors (i.e. non-coding RNAs, histone post-translational modifications, and DNA methylation). Thus, perhaps not unexpectedly, many recent studies have identified essential roles for epigenetic factors in regulating key responses to chronic arterial occlusion(s). In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of action of these epigenetic regulators and highlight several recent studies investigating the role of said regulators in the context of hindlimb ischaemia. In addition, we focus on how these recent advances in our understanding of the role of epigenetics in regulating responses to chronic arterial occlusion(s) can inform future therapeutic applications to promote revascularization and perfusion recovery in the setting of PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Heuslein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd, Box 800759, Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Catherine M Gorick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd, Box 800759, Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd, Box 800759, Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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20
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Liu X, Liu Z, Chen J, Zhu L, Zhang H, Quan X, Yuan Y, Miao H, Huang B, Dong H, Zhang Z. Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Increases Native Collateral Blood Flow to Improve Cardiac Function and Induce Ventricular Remodeling After Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013323. [PMID: 31718448 PMCID: PMC6915271 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background We previously found that the structural defects of the coronary collateral microcirculation reserve (CCMR) prevent these preformed collateral vessels from continuously delivering the native collateral blood and supporting the ischemic myocardium in rats. Here, we tested whether these native collaterals can be remodeled by artificially increasing pigment epithelium–derived factor (PEDF) expression and demonstrated the mechanism for this stimulation. Methods and Results We performed intramyocardial gene delivery (PEDF‐lentivirus, 2×107 TU) along the left anterior descending coronary artery to artificially increase the expression of PEDF in the tissue of the region for 2 weeks. By blocking the left anterior descending coronary artery, we examined the effects of PEDF on native collateral blood flow and CCMR. The results of positron emission tomography perfusion imaging showed that PEDF increased the native collateral blood flow and significantly inhibited its decline during acute myocardial infarction. In addition, the number of CCMR vessels decreased and the size increased. Similar results were obtained from in vitro experiments. We tested whether PEDF induces CCMR remodeling in a fluid shear stress–like manner by detecting proteins and signaling pathways that are closely related to fluid shear stress. The nitric oxide pathway and the Notch‐1 pathway participated in the process of CCMR remodeling induced by PEDF. Conclusions PEDF treatment activates the nitric oxide pathway, and the Notch‐1 pathway enabled CCMR remodeling. Increasing the native collateral blood flow can promote the ventricular remodeling process and improve prognosis after acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Morphological Research Experiment CenterXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Jiali Chen
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Lidong Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyu Quan
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yanliang Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Haoran Miao
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Bing Huang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Hongyan Dong
- Morphological Research Experiment CenterXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhongming Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
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21
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Nickolay T, Nichols S, Ingle L, Hoye A. Exercise Training as a Mediator for Enhancing Coronary Collateral Circulation: A Review of the Evidence. Curr Cardiol Rev 2019; 16:212-220. [PMID: 31424373 PMCID: PMC7536817 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x15666190819144336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary collateral vessels supply blood to areas of myocardium at risk after arterial occlusion. Flow through these channels is driven by a pressure gradient between the donor and the occluded artery. Concomitant with increased collateral flow is an increase in shear force, a potent stimulus for collateral development (arteriogenesis). Arteriogenesis is self-limiting, often ceasing prematurely when the pressure gradient is reduced by the expanding lumen of the collateral vessel. After the collateral has reached its self-limited maximal conductance, the only way to drive further increases is to re-establish the pressure gradient. During exercise, the myocardial oxygen demand is increased, subsequently increasing coronary flow. Therefore, exercise may represent a means of driving augmented arteriogenesis in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Studies investigating the ability of exercise to drive collateral development in humans are inconsistent. However, these inconsistencies may be due to the heterogeneity of assessment methods used to quantify change. This article summarises current evidence pertaining to the role of exercise in the development of coronary collaterals, highlighting areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nickolay
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Nichols
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Ingle
- Sports Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Hoye
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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22
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Development of an Exercise Training Protocol to Investigate Arteriogenesis in a Murine Model of Peripheral Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163956. [PMID: 31416228 PMCID: PMC6720754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is a treatment option in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients to improve their clinical trajectory, at least in part induced by collateral growth. The ligation of the femoral artery (FAL) in mice is an established model to induce arteriogenesis. We intended to develop an animal model to stimulate collateral growth in mice through exercise. The training intensity assessment consisted of comparing two different training regimens in C57BL/6 mice, a treadmill implementing forced exercise and a free-to-access voluntary running wheel. The mice in the latter group covered a much greater distance than the former pre- and postoperatively. C57BL/6 mice and hypercholesterolemic ApoE-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice were subjected to FAL and had either access to a running wheel or were kept in motion-restricting cages (control) and hind limb perfusion was measured pre- and postoperatively at various times. Perfusion recovery in C57BL/6 mice was similar between the groups. In contrast, ApoE−/− mice showed significant differences between training and control 7 d postoperatively with a significant increase in pericollateral macrophages while the collateral diameter did not differ between training and control groups 21 d after surgery. ApoE−/− mice with running wheel training is a suitable model to simulate exercise induced collateral growth in PAD. This experimental set-up may provide a model for investigating molecular training effects.
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23
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The Human Coronary Collateral Circulation, Its Extracardiac Anastomoses and Their Therapeutic Promotion. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153726. [PMID: 31366096 PMCID: PMC6696371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading global cause of death, and the number of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and exhausted therapeutic options (i.e., percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and medical treatment) is on the rise. Therefore, the evaluation of new therapeutic approaches to offer an alternative treatment strategy for these patients is necessary. A promising research field is the promotion of the coronary collateral circulation, an arterio-arterial network able to prevent or reduce myocardial ischemia in CAD. This review summarizes the basic principles of the human coronary collateral circulation, its extracardiac anastomoses as well as the different therapeutic approaches, especially that of stimulating the extracardiac collateral circulation via permanent occlusion of the internal mammary arteries.
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24
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Rajendran S, Shen X, Glawe J, Kolluru GK, Kevil CG. Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Regulation of Ischemic Vascular Growth and Remodeling. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1213-1247. [PMID: 31187898 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic vascular remodeling occurs in response to stenosis or arterial occlusion leading to a change in blood flow and tissue perfusion. Altered blood flow elicits a cascade of molecular and cellular physiological responses leading to vascular remodeling of the macro- and micro-circulation. Although cellular mechanisms of vascular remodeling such as arteriogenesis and angiogenesis have been studied, therapeutic approaches in these areas have had limited success due to the complexity and heterogeneous constellation of molecular signaling events regulating these processes. Understanding central molecular players of vascular remodeling should lead to a deeper understanding of this response and aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) are gaseous signaling molecules that are critically involved in regulating fundamental biochemical and molecular responses necessary for vascular growth and remodeling. This review examines how NO and H2 S regulate pathophysiological mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, along with important chemical and experimental considerations revealed thus far. The importance of NO and H2 S bioavailability, their synthesis enzymes and cofactors, and genetic variations associated with cardiovascular risk factors suggest that they serve as pivotal regulators of vascular remodeling responses. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1213-1247, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - John Glawe
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Gopi K Kolluru
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
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25
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Kaßmann M, Szijártó IA, García‐Prieto CF, Fan G, Schleifenbaum J, Anistan Y, Tabeling C, Shi Y, le Noble F, Witzenrath M, Huang Y, Markó L, Nelson MT, Gollasch M. Role of Ryanodine Type 2 Receptors in Elementary Ca 2+ Signaling in Arteries and Vascular Adaptive Responses. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e010090. [PMID: 31030596 PMCID: PMC6512102 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Hypertension is the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the most common cause of death worldwide. Resistance arteries are capable of adapting their diameter independently in response to pressure and flow-associated shear stress. Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are major Ca2+-release channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane of myocytes that contribute to the regulation of contractility. Vascular smooth muscle cells exhibit 3 different RyR isoforms (RyR1, RyR2, and RyR3), but the impact of individual RyR isoforms on adaptive vascular responses is largely unknown. Herein, we generated tamoxifen-inducible smooth muscle cell-specific RyR2-deficient mice and tested the hypothesis that vascular smooth muscle cell RyR2s play a specific role in elementary Ca2+ signaling and adaptive vascular responses to vascular pressure and/or flow. Methods and Results Targeted deletion of the Ryr2 gene resulted in a complete loss of sarcoplasmic reticulum-mediated Ca2+-release events and associated Ca2+-activated, large-conductance K+ channel currents in peripheral arteries, leading to increased myogenic tone and systemic blood pressure. In the absence of RyR2, the pulmonary artery pressure response to sustained hypoxia was enhanced, but flow-dependent effects, including blood flow recovery in ischemic hind limbs, were unaffected. Conclusions Our results establish that RyR2-mediated Ca2+-release events in VSCM s specifically regulate myogenic tone (systemic circulation) and arterial adaptation in response to changes in pressure (hypoxic lung model), but not flow. They further suggest that vascular smooth muscle cell-expressed RyR2 deserves scrutiny as a therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular responses in hypertension and chronic vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Kaßmann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centera joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - István András Szijártó
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centera joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Concha F. García‐Prieto
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centera joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesFacultad de FarmaciaUniversidad CEU San PabloMadridSpain
| | - Gang Fan
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centera joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Johanna Schleifenbaum
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centera joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Yoland‐Marie Anistan
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centera joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Christoph Tabeling
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Yu Shi
- Medical Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Tumor ImmunologyCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Ferdinand le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyITG (Institute of Toxicology and Genetics)Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruheGermany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Yu Huang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine and School of Biomedical SciencesChinese University of Hong KongChina
| | - Lajos Markó
- Medical Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Tumor ImmunologyCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Mark T. Nelson
- Department of PharmacologyCollege of MedicineThe University of VermontBurlingtonVT
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centera joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site BerlinBerlinGermany
- Medical Clinic for Nephrology and Internal Intensive CareCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
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26
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Arnold C, Feldner A, Zappe M, Komljenovic D, De La Torre C, Ruzicka P, Hecker M, Neuhofer W, Korff T. Genetic ablation of NFAT5/TonEBP in smooth muscle cells impairs flow- and pressure-induced arterial remodeling in mice. FASEB J 2018; 33:3364-3377. [PMID: 30383452 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801594r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The arterial wall adapts to alterations in blood flow and pressure by remodeling the cellular and extracellular architecture. Biomechanical stress of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the media is thought to precede this process and promote their activation and subsequent proliferation. However, molecular determinants orchestrating the transcriptional phenotype under these conditions have been insufficiently studied. We identified the transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5; or tonicity enhancer-binding protein) as a crucial regulatory element of mechanical stress responses of VSMCs. Here, the relevance of NFAT5 for arterial growth and thickening is investigated in mice upon inducible smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific genetic ablation of Nfat5. In cultured mouse VSMCs, loss of Nfat5 inhibits the expression of gene sets involved in the control of the cell cycle and the interaction with the extracellular matrix and cytoskeletal dynamics. In vivo, SMC-specific knockout of Nfat5 did not affect the general vascular architecture and blood pressure levels under baseline conditions. However, proliferation of VSMCs and the thickening of the arterial wall were inhibited during both flow-induced collateral remodeling and hypertension-mediated arterial hypertrophy. Whereas originally described as a hypertonicity-responsive transcription factor, these findings identify NFAT5 as a novel molecular determinant of biomechanically induced phenotype changes of VSMCs and wall stress-induced arterial remodeling processes.-Arnold, C., Feldner, A., Zappe, M., Komljenovic, D., De La Torre, C., Ruzicka, P., Hecker, M., Neuhofer, W., Korff, T. Genetic ablation of NFAT5/TonEBP in smooth muscle cells impairs flow- and pressure-induced arterial remodeling in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arnold
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Feldner
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maren Zappe
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dorde Komljenovic
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolina De La Torre
- Center of Medical Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ruzicka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Neuhofer
- Medical Clinic V, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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27
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Baeyens N. Fluid shear stress sensing in vascular homeostasis and remodeling: Towards the development of innovative pharmacological approaches to treat vascular dysfunction. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 158:185-191. [PMID: 30365948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood circulation, facilitating gas exchange and nutrient transportation, is a quintessential feature of life in vertebrates. Any disruption to blood flow, may it be by blockade or traumatic rupture, irrevocably leads to tissue infarction or death. Therefore, it is not surprising that hemostasis and vascular adaptation measures have been evolutionarily selected to mitigate the adverse consequences of altered circulation. Blood vessels can be broadly categorized as arteries, veins, or capillaries, based on their structure, hemodynamics, and gas exchange. However, all of them share one property: they are lined with an epithelial sheet called the endothelium, which typically lies on a basement membrane. This endothelium is the primary interface between the flowing blood and the rest of the body, and it has highly specialized molecular mechanisms to detect and respond to changes in blood perfusion. The purpose of this commentary will be to highlight some of the recent developments in the research on blood flow sensing, vascular remodeling, and homeostasis and to discuss the development of innovative pharmaceutical approaches targeting mechanosensing mechanisms to prolong patient survival and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Baeyens
- Laboratoire de physiologie et pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Belgium.
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28
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Is there a Chance to Promote Arteriogenesis by DPP4 Inhibitors Even in Type 2 Diabetes? A Critical Review. Cells 2018; 7:cells7100181. [PMID: 30360455 PMCID: PMC6210696 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are still the prevailing cause of death not only in industrialized countries, but even worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and hyperlipidemia, a metabolic disorder that is often associated with diabetes, are major risk factors for developing CVD. Recently, clinical trials proved the safety of gliptins in treating patients with type 2 DM. Gliptins are dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4/CD26) inhibitors, which stabilize glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), thereby increasing the bioavailability of insulin. Moreover, blocking DPP4 results in increased levels of stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF-1). SDF-1 has been shown in pre-clinical animal studies to improve heart function and survival after myocardial infarction, and to promote arteriogenesis, the growth of natural bypasses, compensating for the function of an occluded artery. Clinical trials, however, failed to demonstrate a superiority of gliptins compared to placebo treated type 2 DM patients in terms of cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. This review highlights the function of DPP4 inhibitors in type 2 DM, and in treating cardiovascular diseases, with special emphasis on arteriogenesis. It critically addresses the potency of currently available gliptins and gives rise to hope by pointing out the most relevant questions that need to be resolved.
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29
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da Silva RA, Fernandes CJDC, Feltran GDS, Gomes AM, Andrade AF, Andia DC, Peppelenbosch MP, Zambuzzi WF. Laminar shear stress‐provoked cytoskeletal changes are mediated by epigenetic reprogramming of
TIMP1
in human primary smooth muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6382-6396. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A. da Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Campus Botucatu Botucatu Brazil
| | - Célio Jr da C. Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Campus Botucatu Botucatu Brazil
| | - Geórgia da S. Feltran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Campus Botucatu Botucatu Brazil
| | - Anderson M. Gomes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Campus Botucatu Botucatu Brazil
| | - Amanda Fantini Andrade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Campus Botucatu Botucatu Brazil
| | - Denise C. Andia
- Faculdade de Odontologia Área de Pesquisa em Epigenética, Universidade Paulista, UNIP São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Maikel P. Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Willian F. Zambuzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Campus Botucatu Botucatu Brazil
- Electron Microscopy Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, campus Botucatu Botucatu Brazil
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30
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Lasch M, Nekolla K, Klemm AH, Buchheim JI, Pohl U, Dietzel S, Deindl E. Estimating hemodynamic shear stress in murine peripheral collateral arteries by two-photon line scanning. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 453:41-51. [PMID: 30128948 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Changes in wall shear stress of blood vessels are assumed to be an important component of many physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, due to technical limitations experimental in vivo data are rarely available. Here, we investigated two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy as an option to measure vessel diameter as well as blood flow velocities in a murine hindlimb model of arteriogenesis (collateral artery growth). Using line scanning at high frequencies, we measured the movement of blood cells along the vessel axis. We found that peak systolic blood flow velocity averaged 9 mm/s and vessel diameter 42 µm in resting collaterals. Induction of arteriogenesis by femoral artery ligation resulted in a significant increase in centerline peak systolic velocity after 1 day with an average of 51 mm/s, whereas the averaged luminal diameter of collaterals (52 µm) changed much less. Thereof calculations revealed a significant fourfold increase in hemodynamic wall shear rate. Our results indicate that two-photon line scanning is a suitable tool to estimate wall shear stress e.g., in experimental animal models, such as of arteriogenesis, which may not only help to understand the relevance of mechanical forces in vivo, but also to adjust wall shear stress in ex vivo investigations on isolated vessels as well as cell culture experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Lasch
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr.15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Nekolla
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr.15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna H Klemm
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr.15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Core Facility Bioimaging at the Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Judith-Irina Buchheim
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr.15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory for Stress and Immunity, Hospital of the University of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Pohl
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr.15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Core Facility Bioimaging at the Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Dietzel
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr.15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Core Facility Bioimaging at the Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Deindl
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr.15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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31
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Gatzke N, Hillmeister P, Dülsner A, Güc N, Dawid R, Smith KH, Pagonas N, Bramlage P, Gorath M, Buschmann IR. Nitroglycerin application and coronary arteriogenesis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201597. [PMID: 30118486 PMCID: PMC6097676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the presence of a coronary occlusion, pre-existing small collateral vessels (arterioles) develop into much larger arteries (biological bypasses) that have the potential to allow a certain level of perfusion distal to the blockage. Termed arteriogenesis, this phenomenon proceeds via a complex combination of events, with nitric oxide (NO) playing an essential role. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of supplemental administration of NO donors, i.e., short-acting nitroglycerin (NTG) or slow-release pelleted isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), on collateral development in a repetitive coronary artery occlusion model in rats. METHODS Coronary collateral growth was induced via a repetitive occlusion protocol (ROP) of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in rats. The primary endpoints were the histological evaluation of rat heart infarct size and ST-segment elevation (ECG-analysis) upon final permanent occlusion of the LAD (experimentally induced myocardial infarction). The effects of NTG or ISDN were also evaluated by administration during 5 days of ROP. We additionally investigated whether concomitant application of NTG can compensate for the anti-arteriogenic effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). RESULTS After 5 days of ROP, the mean infarct size and degree of ST-elevation were only slightly lower than those of the SHAM group; however, after 10 days of the protocol, the ROP group displayed significantly less severe infarct damage, indicating enhanced arteriogenesis. Intermittent NTG application greatly decreased the ST-elevation and infarct size. The ISDN also had a positive effect on arteriogenesis, but not to the same extent as the NTG. Administration of ASA increased the infarct severity; however, concomitant dosing with NTG somewhat attenuated this effect. CONCLUSION Intermittent treatment with the short-acting NTG decreased the size of an experimentally induced myocardial infarct by promoting coronary collateral development. These new insights are of great relevance for future clinical strategies for the treatment of occlusive vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Gatzke
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg/Havel, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Hillmeister
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg/Havel, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - André Dülsner
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadija Güc
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rica Dawid
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg/Havel, Germany
| | | | - Nikolaos Pagonas
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg/Havel, Germany
| | - Peter Bramlage
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg/Havel, Germany
- Institute for Pharmacology and Preventive Medicine, Mahlow, Germany
| | | | - Ivo R. Buschmann
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg/Havel, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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McEnaney RM, McCreary D, Tzeng E. A modified rat model of hindlimb ischemia for augmentation and functional measurement of arteriogenesis. J Biol Methods 2018; 5:e89. [PMID: 31435496 PMCID: PMC6703558 DOI: 10.14440/jbm.2018.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arteriogenesis (collateral artery development) is an adaptive pathway critical for salvage of tissue in the setting of arterial occlusion. Rodent models of arteriogenesis typically involve an experimental occlusion (ligation) of a hindlimb artery and then rely on indirect measures such as laser Doppler perfusion imaging to assess blood flow recovery. Unfortunately, the more commonly utilized measures of distal tissue perfusion at rest are unable to account for hemodynamic and vasoactive variables and thus provide an incomplete assessment of collateral network capacity. We provide a detailed description of modifications to the commonly used model of femoral artery ligation. These serve to alter and then directly assess collateral network's hemodynamic capacity. By incorporating an arteriovenous fistula distal to the arterial ligation, arterial growth is maximized. Hindlimb perfusion may be isolated to measure minimum resistance of flow around the arterial occlusion, which provides a direct measure of collateral network capacity. Our results reinforce that arteriogenesis is driven by hemodynamic variables, and it can be reliably augmented and measured in absolute terms. Using these modifications to a widely used model, functional arteriogenesis may be more directly studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M McEnaney
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.,Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System
| | | | - Edith Tzeng
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.,Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System
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Induction of extracranial arteriogenesis by an arteriovenous fistula in a pig model. Atherosclerosis 2018; 272:87-93. [PMID: 29579672 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Arteriogenesis, the positive outward remodeling and growth of pre-existent collateral vessels, holds potential as a novel treatment for ischemic vascular disease. An extracranial arteriogenesis model in a pig will allow us to study molecular changes in a complex arteriolar network in a more clinically relevant large-animal model. To increase fluid shear stress in the brain, an experimental carotid arteriovenous fistula (AVF model) in minipigs was established, providing high flow through the extracranial rete mirabile. The aim of the study was to examine whether creation of a carotid AVF can induce extracranial arteriogenesis in the pig. METHODS Angiography was performed to demonstrate blood flow diversion. Animals were sacrificed after 0, 3 and 14 days post-surgery and both retia mirabilia were removed. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to analyze cell proliferation and accumulation of mononuclear cells in the vessel wall. RESULTS After 3 days of high-flow conditions, increases in vascular cell proliferation (approximately 1.5-fold; p = 0.143) and monocyte invasion (approximately 6-fold; p = 0.057) were observed when compared to animals sacrificed immediately after AVF formation. Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis from rete mirabile tissue samples 3 days post-surgery revealed that monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 were highly upregulated. Expression of the pro-arteriogenic marker, CD44, reached maximum expression level 14 days post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS In response to high levels of shear stress produced in the pig AVF model, the onset of the arteriogenic process can be induced. This was demonstrated by enhanced cell proliferation, monocyte invasion and vascular remodeling.
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Fan Y, Lu H, Liang W, Garcia-Barrio MT, Guo Y, Zhang J, Zhu T, Hao Y, Zhang J, Chen YE. Endothelial TFEB (Transcription Factor EB) Positively Regulates Postischemic Angiogenesis. Circ Res 2018; 122:945-957. [PMID: 29467198 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.312672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Postischemic angiogenesis is critical to limit the ischemic tissue damage and improve the blood flow recovery. The regulation and the underlying molecular mechanisms of postischemic angiogenesis are not fully unraveled. TFEB (transcription factor EB) is emerging as a master gene for autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. However, the role of TFEB in vascular disease is less understood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the role of endothelial TFEB in postischemic angiogenesis and its underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS In primary human endothelial cells (ECs), serum starvation induced TFEB nuclear translocation. VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) increased TFEB expression level and nuclear translocation. Utilizing genetically engineered EC-specific TFEB transgenic and KO (knockout) mice, we investigated the role of TFEB in postischemic angiogenesis in the mouse hindlimb ischemia model. We observed improved blood perfusion and increased capillary density in the EC-specific TFEB transgenic mice compared with the wild-type littermates. Furthermore, blood flow recovery was attenuated in EC-TFEB KO mice compared with control mice. In aortic ring cultures, the TFEB transgene significantly increased vessel sprouting, whereas TFEB deficiency impaired the vessel sprouting. In vitro, adenovirus-mediated TFEB overexpression promoted EC tube formation, migration, and survival, whereas siRNA-mediated TFEB knockdown had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, TFEB activated AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase)-α signaling and upregulated autophagy. Through inactivation of AMPKα or inhibition of autophagy, we demonstrated that the AMPKα and autophagy are necessary for TFEB to regulate angiogenesis in ECs. Finally, the positive effect of TFEB on AMPKα activation and EC tube formation was mediated by TFEB-dependent transcriptional upregulation of MCOLN1 (mucolipin-1). CONCLUSIONS In summary, our data demonstrate that TFEB is a positive regulator of angiogenesis through activation of AMPKα and autophagy, suggesting that TFEB constitutes a novel molecular target for ischemic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Fan
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor.
| | - Haocheng Lu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Wenying Liang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Minerva T Garcia-Barrio
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Yanhong Guo
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Ji Zhang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Tianqing Zhu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Yibai Hao
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor.
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Kofler N, Corti F, Rivera-Molina F, Deng Y, Toomre D, Simons M. The Rab-effector protein RABEP2 regulates endosomal trafficking to mediate vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2)-dependent signaling. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4805-4817. [PMID: 29425100 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.812172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As a master regulator of endothelial cell function, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) activates multiple downstream signaling pathways that are critical for vascular development and normal vessel function. VEGFR2 trafficking through various endosomal compartments modulates its signaling output. Accordingly, proteins that regulate the speed and direction by which VEGFR2 traffics through endosomes have been demonstrated to be particularly important for arteriogenesis. However, little is known about how these proteins control VEGFR2 trafficking and about the implications of this control for endothelial cell function. Here, we show that Rab GTPase-binding effector protein 2 (RABEP2), a Rab-effector protein implicated in arteriogenesis, modulates VEGFR2 trafficking. By employing high-resolution microscopy and biochemical assays, we demonstrate that RABEP2 interacts with the small GTPase Rab4 and regulates VEGFR2 endosomal trafficking to maintain cell-surface expression of VEGFR2 and VEGF signaling. Lack of RABEP2 also led to prolonged retention of VEGFR2 in Rab5-positive sorting endosomes, which increased VEGFR2's exposure to phosphotyrosine phosphatase 1b (PTP1b), causing diminished VEGFR2 signaling. Finally, the loss of RABEP2 increased VEGFR2 degradation by diverting VEGFR2 to Rab7-positive endosomes destined for the lysosome. These results implicate RABEP2 as a key modulator of VEGFR2 endosomal trafficking, and demonstrate the importance of RABEP2 and Rab4 for VEGFR2 signaling in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Kofler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Federico Corti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Felix Rivera-Molina
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Yong Deng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Derek Toomre
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Michael Simons
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520.
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Caicedo D, Devesa P, Arce VM, Requena J, Devesa J. Chronic limb-threatening ischemia could benefit from growth hormone therapy for wound healing and limb salvage. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 12:53-72. [PMID: 29271292 PMCID: PMC5772430 DOI: 10.1177/1753944717745494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Revascularization for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is necessary to alleviate symptoms and wound healing. When it fails or is not possible, there are few alternatives to avoid limb amputation in these patients. Although experimental studies with stem cells and growth factors have shown promise, clinical trials have demonstrated inconsistent results because CLTI patients generally need arteriogenesis rather than angiogenesis. Moreover, in addition to the perfusion of the limb, there is the need to improve the neuropathic response for wound healing, especially in diabetic patients. Growth hormone (GH) is a pleiotropic hormone capable of boosting the aforementioned processes and adds special benefits for the redox balance. This hormone has the potential to mitigate symptoms in ischemic patients with no other options and improves the cardiovascular complications associated with the disease. Here, we discuss the pros and cons of using GH in such patients, focus on its effects on peripheral arteries, and analyze the possible benefits of treating CLTI with this hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Caicedo
- Scientific Direction, Medical Center Foltra. Travesía Montouto, 24; 15710-Teo, A Coruña, 15886, Spain
| | - Pablo Devesa
- Scientific Direction, Medical Center Foltra. Travesía Montouto, 24; 15710-Teo, A Coruña, 15886, Spain
| | - Víctor M. Arce
- Scientific Direction, Medical Center Foltra. Travesía Montouto, 24; 15710-Teo, A Coruña, 15886, Spain
| | - Julia Requena
- Scientific Direction, Medical Center Foltra. Travesía Montouto, 24; 15710-Teo, A Coruña, 15886, Spain
| | - Jesús Devesa
- Scientific Direction, Medical Center Foltra. Travesía Montouto, 24; 15710-Teo, A Coruña, 15886, Spain
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Caicedo D, Díaz O, Devesa P, Devesa J. Growth Hormone (GH) and Cardiovascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010290. [PMID: 29346331 PMCID: PMC5796235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the positive effects of growth hormone (GH) on the cardiovascular system. We analyze why the vascular endothelium is a real internal secretion gland, whose inflammation is the first step for developing atherosclerosis, as well as the mechanisms by which GH acts on vessels improving oxidative stress imbalance and endothelial dysfunction. We also report how GH acts on coronary arterial disease and heart failure, and on peripheral arterial disease, inducing a neovascularization process that finally increases flow in ischemic tissues. We include some preliminary data from a trial in which GH or placebo is given to elderly people suffering from critical limb ischemia, showing some of the benefits of the hormone on plasma markers of inflammation, and the safety of GH administration during short periods of time, even in diabetic patients. We also analyze how Klotho is strongly related to GH, inducing, after being released from the damaged vascular endothelium, the pituitary secretion of GH, most likely to repair the injury in the ischemic tissues. We also show how GH can help during wound healing by increasing the blood flow and some neurotrophic and growth factors. In summary, we postulate that short-term GH administration could be useful to treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Caicedo
- Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, 36701 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Oscar Díaz
- Department of Cardiology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, 36701 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Pablo Devesa
- Research and Development, The Medical Center Foltra, 15886 Teo, Spain.
| | - Jesús Devesa
- Scientific Direction, The Medical Center Foltra, 15886 Teo, Spain.
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Heuslein JL, Gorick CM, Song J, Price RJ. DNA Methyltransferase 1-Dependent DNA Hypermethylation Constrains Arteriogenesis by Augmenting Shear Stress Set Point. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.007673. [PMID: 29191807 PMCID: PMC5779061 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Arteriogenesis is initiated by increased shear stress and is thought to continue until shear stress is returned to its original “set point.” However, the molecular mechanism(s) through which shear stress set point is established by endothelial cells (ECs) are largely unstudied. Here, we tested the hypothesis that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)–dependent EC DNA methylation affects arteriogenic capacity via adjustments to shear stress set point. Methods and Results In femoral artery ligation–operated C57BL/6 mice, collateral artery segments exposed to increased shear stress without a change in flow direction (ie, nonreversed flow) exhibited global DNA hypermethylation (increased 5‐methylcytosine staining intensity) and constrained arteriogenesis (30% less diameter growth) when compared with segments exposed to both an increase in shear stress and reversed‐flow direction. In vitro, ECs exposed to a flow waveform biomimetic of nonreversed collateral segments in vivo exhibited a 40% increase in DNMT1 expression, genome‐wide hypermethylation of gene promoters, and a DNMT1‐dependent 60% reduction in proarteriogenic monocyte adhesion compared with ECs exposed to a biomimetic reversed‐flow waveform. These results led us to test whether DNMT1 regulates arteriogenic capacity in vivo. In femoral artery ligation–operated mice, DNMT1 inhibition rescued arteriogenic capacity and returned shear stress back to its original set point in nonreversed collateral segments. Conclusions Increased shear stress without a change in flow direction initiates arteriogenic growth; however, it also elicits DNMT1‐dependent EC DNA hypermethylation. In turn, this diminishes mechanosensing, augments shear stress set point, and constrains the ultimate arteriogenic capacity of the vessel. This epigenetic effect could impact both endogenous collateralization and treatment of arterial occlusive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Heuslein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Catherine M Gorick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Ji Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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Ziegelhoeffer T, Heil M, Fischer S, Fernández B, Schaper W, Preissner KT, Deindl E, Pagel JI. Role of early growth response 1 in arteriogenesis: Impact on vascular cell proliferation and leukocyte recruitment in vivo. Thromb Haemost 2017; 107:562-74. [DOI: 10.1160/th11-07-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SummaryBased on previous findings that early growth response 1 (Egr-1) participates in leukocyte recruitment and cell proliferation in vitro, this study was designed to investigate its mode of action during arteriogenesis in vivo. In a model of peripheral arteriogenesis, Egr-1 was significantly upregulated in growing collaterals of wild-type (WT) mice, both on mRNA and protein level. Egr-1−/− mice demonstrated delayed arteriogenesis after femoral artery ligation. They further showed increased levels of monocytes and granulocytes in the circulation, but reduced levels in adductor muscles under baseline conditions. After femoral artery ligation, elevated numbers of macrophages were detected in the perivascular zone of collaterals in Egr-1−/− mice and mRNA of leukocyte recruitment mediators was upregulated. Other Egr family members (Egr-2 to -4) were significantly upregulated only in Egr-1−/− mice, suggesting a mechanism of counterbalancing Egr-1 deficiency. Moreover, splicing factor-1, downregulated in WT mice after femoral artery ligation in the process of increased vascular cell proliferation, was upregulated in Egr-1−/− mice. αSM-actin on the other hand, significantly downregulated in WT mice, showed no differential expression in Egr-1−/− mice. While cell cycle regulator cyclin E and cdc20 were upregulated in Egr-1−/− mice, cyclin D1 expression decreased below the detection limit in collaterals, and the proliferation marker ki67 was not differentially expressed. In conclusion, compensation for deficiency in Egr-1 function in leukocyte recruitment can presumably be mediated by other transcription factors; however, Egr-1 is indispensable for effective vascular cell cycle progression in arteriogenesis.
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Rocca A, Tafuri D, Paccone M, Giuliani A, Zamboli AGI, Surfaro G, Paccone A, Compagna R, Amato M, Serra R, Amato B. Cell Based Therapeutic Approach in Vascular Surgery: Application and Review. Open Med (Wars) 2017; 12:308-322. [PMID: 29071303 PMCID: PMC5651406 DOI: 10.1515/med-2017-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent stem cells - such as mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and stem cells derived from different sources like vascular wall are intensely studied to try to rapidly translate their discovered features from bench to bedside. Vascular wall resident stem cells recruitment, differentiation, survival, proliferation, growth factor production, and signaling pathways transduced were analyzed. We studied biological properties of vascular resident stem cells and explored the relationship from several factors as Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and regulations of biological, translational and clinical features of these cells. In this review we described a translational and clinical approach to Adult Vascular Wall Resident Multipotent Vascular Stem Cells (VW-SCs) and reported their involvement in alternative clinical approach as cells based therapy in vascular disease like arterial aneurysms or peripheral arterial obstructive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Rocca
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyVia Sergio Pansini, 80131Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Tafuri
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Paccone
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio Giuliani
- A.O.R.N. A. Cardarelli Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplatation Center, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Surfaro
- Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, General Surgery Unit, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Andrea Paccone
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Rita Compagna
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizo Amato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Amato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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Harnoss JM, Krackhardt F, Ritter Z, Granzow S, Felsenberg D, Neumann K, Lerman LO, Riediger F, Hillmeister P, Bramlage P, Buschmann IR. Porcine arteriogenesis based on vasa vasorum in a novel semi-acute occlusion model using high-resolution imaging. Heart Vessels 2017; 32:1400-1409. [PMID: 28776069 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-017-1028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bridging collaterals (BC) develop in several chronic total artery occlusion diseases, and can prevent extensive myocardial necrosis. Yet, their origin, growth process, and histo-morphology are still unclear. Since vasa vasorum (VV) may take part in collateralization, we hypothesized that VV are the basis for BCs. To comprehensively investigate this arteriogenesis process, we used high-resolution imaging, including corrosion casts, post-mortem angiography with stereoscopy, micro-CT, and immunohistology, in combination with a novel semi-acute vessel occlusion model. This porcine model was produced by implanting a copper stent minimally invasively into the left anterior descending coronary artery. To define the kinetics of arteriogenesis, pigs (n = 11) were assigned to one of the five euthanasia timepoints: day 0.5 (D0.5, n = 2), D3 (n = 2), D5 (n = 1), D7 (n = 3), or D12 (n = 3) after stent implantation. We found that (1) BCs originate from longitudinally running type 1 VV, mainly VV interna, partially also from VV externa; (2) the growth of VV to BC is rapid, occurring within 7 days; and (3) porcine BCs are likely functionally relevant, considering an observed 102% increase in the number of smooth muscle cell layers in their vascular wall. High-resolution imaging in a minimally invasive non-acute vessel occlusion model is an innovative technique that allowed us to provide direct evidence that porcine BCs develop from the VV. These data may be crucial for further studies on the treatment of angina pectoris and thromboangiitis obliterans through therapeutic stimulation of BC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Harnoss
- Department for Angiology, Center for Internal Medicine I, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg (MHB), Brandenburg Medical School, Hochstr. 29, 14770, Brandenburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Krackhardt
- Department for Angiology, Center for Internal Medicine I, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg (MHB), Brandenburg Medical School, Hochstr. 29, 14770, Brandenburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zully Ritter
- Center for Muscle and Bone Research (ZMK), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Granzow
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Felsenberg
- Center for Muscle and Bone Research (ZMK), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konrad Neumann
- Institute for Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Fabian Riediger
- Department for Angiology, Center for Internal Medicine I, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg (MHB), Brandenburg Medical School, Hochstr. 29, 14770, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Hillmeister
- Department for Angiology, Center for Internal Medicine I, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg (MHB), Brandenburg Medical School, Hochstr. 29, 14770, Brandenburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Bramlage
- Department for Angiology, Center for Internal Medicine I, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg (MHB), Brandenburg Medical School, Hochstr. 29, 14770, Brandenburg, Germany.,Institute for Pharmacology and Preventive Medicine, Mahlow, Germany
| | - Ivo R Buschmann
- Department for Angiology, Center for Internal Medicine I, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg (MHB), Brandenburg Medical School, Hochstr. 29, 14770, Brandenburg, Germany. .,Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany.
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Guan Y, Cai B, Wu X, Peng S, Gan L, Huang D, Liu G, Dong L, Xiao L, Liu J, Zhang B, Cai WJ, Schaper J, Schaper W. microRNA-352 regulates collateral vessel growth induced by elevated fluid shear stress in the rat hind limb. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6643. [PMID: 28751690 PMCID: PMC5532297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although collateral vessel growth is distinctly enhanced by elevated fluid shear stress (FSS), the underlying regulatory mechanism of this process remains incompletely understood. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in vascular development, homeostasis and a variety of diseases. Therefore, this study was designed to identify miRNAs involved in elevated FSS-induced collateral vessel growth in rat hind limbs. A side-to-side arteriovenous (AV) shunt was created between the distal stump of one of the bilaterally occluded femoral arteries and the accompanying vein. The miRNA array profile showed 94 differentially expressed miRNAs in FSS-stressed collaterals including miRNA-352 which was down-regulated. Infusion of antagomir-352 increased the number and proliferation of collateral vessels and promoted collateral flow restoration in a model of rat hind limb ligation. In cell culture studies, the miR-352 inhibitor increased endothelial proliferation, migration and tube formation. In addition, antagomir-352 up-regulated the expression of insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF2R), which may play a part in the complex pathway leading to arterial growth. We conclude that enhanced collateral vessel growth is controlled by miRNAs, among which miR-352 is a novel candidate that negatively regulates arteriogenesis, meriting additional studies to unravel the pathways leading to improved collateral circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Guan
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 77204, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Baizhen Cai
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiong Wu
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Song Peng
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China.,Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Liaoying Gan
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Da Huang
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Guangmin Liu
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Liping Dong
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Junwen Liu
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China.
| | - Wei-Jun Cai
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China.
| | - Jutta Schaper
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Arteriogenesis Research Group, Bad Nauheim, D-61231, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Schaper
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Arteriogenesis Research Group, Bad Nauheim, D-61231, Germany
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Kubin T, Cetinkaya A, Schönburg M, Beiras-Fernandez A, Walther T, Richter M. The MEK1 inhibitors UO126 and PD98059 block PDGF-AB induced phosphorylation of threonine 292 in porcine smooth muscle cells. Cytokine 2017; 95:51-54. [PMID: 28235676 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PDGF-AB and FGF-2 (GFs) induce smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation which is indispensible for arteriogenesis. While there is common agreement that GFs stimulate SMC proliferation through phosphorylation (P-) of MEK1/2 at Ser218/222, we previously demonstrated that the MEK inhibitors PD98059 and UO126 did not inhibit P-Ser218/222 as originally proposed but caused strong hyperphosphorylation. Here, we demonstrate that GFs increased phosphorylation of MEK1 at Thr292 while UO126 and PD98059 blocked this phosphorylation. This was again surprising since phosphorylation of Thr292 is regarded as a negative feedback loop. Our findings suggest that inhibition of Thr292 phosphorylation in combination with hyperphosphorylation of Ser218/222 serves as an "off" switch of SMC proliferation and potentially of arteriogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kubin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff-Clinic, Benekestrasse 2-8, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany; Res Group Vascular Genomics, Kerckhoff Clinic, Benekestrasse 2-8, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany.
| | - Ayse Cetinkaya
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff-Clinic, Benekestrasse 2-8, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Markus Schönburg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff-Clinic, Benekestrasse 2-8, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Andres Beiras-Fernandez
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stem-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Walther
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff-Clinic, Benekestrasse 2-8, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Manfred Richter
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff-Clinic, Benekestrasse 2-8, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany.
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Arginase inhibition attenuates arteriogenesis and interferes with M2 macrophage accumulation. J Transl Med 2016; 96:830-8. [PMID: 27239731 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
l-Arginine is the common substrate for nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and arginase. Whereas the contribution of NOS to collateral artery growth (arteriogenesis) has been demonstrated, the functional role of arginase remains to be elucidated and was topic of the present study. Arteriogenesis was induced in mice by ligation of the femoral artery. Laser Doppler perfusion measurements demonstrated a significant reduction in arteriogenesis in mice treated with the arginase inhibitor nor-NOHA (N(ω)-hydroxy-nor-arginine). Accompanying in vitro results on murine primary arterial endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells revealed that nor-NOHA treatment interfered with cell proliferation and resulted in increased nitrate/nitrite levels, indicative for increased NO production. Immuno-histological analyses on tissue samples demonstrated that nor-NOHA administration caused a significant reduction in M2 macrophage accumulation around growing collateral arteries. Gene expression studies on isolated growing collaterals evidenced that nor-NOHA treatment abolished the differential expression of Icam1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1). From our data we conclude that arginase activity is essential for arteriogenesis by promoting perivascular M2 macrophage accumulation as well as arterial cell proliferation.
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Zhu H, Zhang M, Liu Z, Xing J, Moriasi C, Dai X, Zou MH. AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α1 in Macrophages Promotes Collateral Remodeling and Arteriogenesis in Mice In Vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1868-78. [PMID: 27444205 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy and redox sensor, is activated in response to various cellular stresses, including hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, and fluid shear stress at the site of vessel blockade. The activation of AMPK is involved in angiogenesis. However, it is unknown whether AMPK can influence arteriogenesis. Here, we demonstrate the contribution of macrophage AMPK to arteriogenesis and collateral remodeling and their underlying mechanisms in well-characterized in vivo and in vitro models. APPROACH AND RESULTS AMPKα1, AMPKα2 knockout and wild-type littermates underwent femoral artery ligation. Collateral arteriogenesis was monitored in wild-type, global AMPKα1 knockout, or macrophage-specific AMPKα1 knockout mice, with or without hindlimb ligation. Compared with wild-type mice with ligation, global AMPKα1 knockout mice displayed significant reduction in blood flow recovery and impaired remodeling of collateral arterioles. Similar impairments were observed in macrophage-specific AMPK α1 knockout mice after hindlimb ligation. Mechanistically, we found that AMPKα1 promotes the production of growth factors, such as transforming growth factor β, by directly phosphorylating the inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase alpha, resulting in an nuclear factor κB-dependent production of growth factors CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a novel role for macrophage AMPKα1 in arteriogenesis and collateral remodeling and indicate that AMPKα1 activation might be beneficial for recovery from occlusive vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiping Zhu
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (H.Z., Z.L., C.M., X.D., M.-H.Z.); and Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (M.Z., J.X.)
| | - Miao Zhang
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (H.Z., Z.L., C.M., X.D., M.-H.Z.); and Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (M.Z., J.X.)
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (H.Z., Z.L., C.M., X.D., M.-H.Z.); and Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (M.Z., J.X.)
| | - Junjie Xing
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (H.Z., Z.L., C.M., X.D., M.-H.Z.); and Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (M.Z., J.X.)
| | - Cate Moriasi
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (H.Z., Z.L., C.M., X.D., M.-H.Z.); and Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (M.Z., J.X.)
| | - Xiaoyan Dai
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (H.Z., Z.L., C.M., X.D., M.-H.Z.); and Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (M.Z., J.X.)
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (H.Z., Z.L., C.M., X.D., M.-H.Z.); and Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (M.Z., J.X.).
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Rizzi M, Kroiss S, Kretschmar O, Forster I, Brotschi B, Albisetti M. Long-Term Outcome of Catheter-Related Arterial Thrombosis in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease. J Pediatr 2016; 170:181-7.e1. [PMID: 26685072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the long-term outcome of catheter-related arterial thrombosis in children. STUDY DESIGN Data from clinical and radiologic long-term follow-up of infants with congenital heart disease developing arterial thrombosis following femoral catheterization are presented. RESULTS Ninety-five infants with radiologically proven arterial thrombosis because of cardiac catheter (n = 52; 55%) or indwelling arterial catheter (n = 43; 45%) were followed for a median time of 23.5 months (IQR 13.3-47.3). Overall, radiologic complete thrombus resolution was observed in 64 (67%), partial resolution in 8 (9%), and no resolution in 23 (24%) infants. Complete resolution was significantly more frequent in infants with indwelling arterial catheter-related thrombosis compared with cardiac catheter-related thrombosis (P = .001). Patients with complete resolution had a significantly lower blood pressure difference and increased ankle-ankle index compared with patients with partial or no resolution (P < .0001). However, symptoms of claudication were present only in 1 case and clinical significant legs growth retardation (≥ 15 mm) was present in 1%. CONCLUSIONS A significant percentage of persistent occlusion is present in children with arterial catheter-related thrombosis on long-term follow-up. In these children, the magnitude of leg growth retardation is small and possibly not clinically relevant. However, in children with congenital heart disease, the high prevalence of persistent arterial occlusion may hamper future diagnostic and/or interventional catheterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Rizzi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Hematology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Kroiss
- Division of Hematology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Kretschmar
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ishilde Forster
- Department of Radiology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Brotschi
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Intensive Care Unit, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Albisetti
- Division of Hematology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Aerobic exercise training leads to cardiovascular changes that markedly increase aerobic power and lead to improved endurance performance. The functionally most important adaptation is the improvement in maximal cardiac output which is the result of an enlargement in cardiac dimension, improved contractility, and an increase in blood volume, allowing for greater filling of the ventricles and a consequent larger stroke volume. In parallel with the greater maximal cardiac output, the perfusion capacity of the muscle is increased, permitting for greater oxygen delivery. To accommodate the higher aerobic demands and perfusion levels, arteries, arterioles, and capillaries adapt in structure and number. The diameters of the larger conduit and resistance arteries are increased minimizing resistance to flow as the cardiac output is distributed in the body and the wall thickness of the conduit and resistance arteries is reduced, a factor contributing to increased arterial compliance. Endurance training may also induce alterations in the vasodilator capacity, although such adaptations are more pronounced in individuals with reduced vascular function. The microvascular net increases in size within the muscle allowing for an improved capacity for oxygen extraction by the muscle through a greater area for diffusion, a shorter diffusion distance, and a longer mean transit time for the erythrocyte to pass through the smallest blood vessels. The present article addresses the effect of endurance training on systemic and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations with a focus on humans, but also covers animal data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Hellsten
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Nyberg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Caolo V, Vries M, Zupancich J, Houben M, Mihov G, Wagenaar A, Swennen G, Nossent Y, Quax P, Suylen D, Dijkgraaf I, Molin D, Hackeng T, Post M. CXCL1 microspheres: a novel tool to stimulate arteriogenesis. Drug Deliv 2015; 23:2919-2926. [PMID: 26651867 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1120366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT After arterial occlusion, diametrical growth of pre-existing natural bypasses around the obstruction, i.e. arteriogenesis, is the body's main coping mechanism. We have shown before that continuous infusion of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) promotes arteriogenesis in a rodent hind limb ischemia model. OBJECTIVE For clinical translation of these positive results, we developed a new administration strategy of local and sustained delivery. Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of CXCL1 in a drug delivery system based on microspheres. MATERIALS AND METHODS We generated poly(ester amide) (PEA) microspheres loaded with CXCL1 and evaluated them in vitro for cellular toxicity and chemokine release characteristics. In vivo, murine femoral arteries were ligated and CXCL1 was administered either intra-arterially via osmopump or intramuscularly encapsulated in biodegradable microspheres. Perfusion recovery was measured with Laser-Doppler. RESULTS The developed microspheres were not cytotoxic and displayed a sustained chemokine release up to 28 d in vitro. The amount of released CXCL1 was 100-fold higher than levels in native ligated hind limb. Also, the CXCL1-loaded microspheres significantly enhanced perfusion recovery at day 7 after ligation compared with both saline and non-loaded conditions (55.4 ± 5.0% CXCL1-loaded microspheres versus 43.1 ± 4.5% non-loaded microspheres; n = 8-9; p < 0.05). On day 21 after ligation, the CXCL1-loaded microspheres performed even better than continuous CXCL1 administration (102.1 ± 4.4% CXCL1-loaded microspheres versus 85.7 ± 4.8% CXCL1 osmopump; n = 9; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a proof of concept that sustained, local delivery of CXCL1 encapsulated in PEA microspheres provides a new tool to stimulate arteriogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Caolo
- a Department of Physiology , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
| | - Mark Vries
- a Department of Physiology , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Allard Wagenaar
- a Department of Physiology , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
| | - Geertje Swennen
- a Department of Physiology , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
| | - Yaël Nossent
- d Department of Surgery , Leiden University Medical Center , The Netherlands , and
| | - Paul Quax
- d Department of Surgery , Leiden University Medical Center , The Netherlands , and
| | - Dennis Suylen
- e Department of Biochemistry , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Dijkgraaf
- e Department of Biochemistry , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Molin
- a Department of Physiology , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
| | - Tilman Hackeng
- e Department of Biochemistry , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
| | - Mark Post
- a Department of Physiology , CARIM, Maastricht University , The Netherlands
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Heuslein JL, Meisner JK, Li X, Song J, Vincentelli H, Leiphart RJ, Ames EG, Blackman BR, Blackman BR, Price RJ. Mechanisms of Amplified Arteriogenesis in Collateral Artery Segments Exposed to Reversed Flow Direction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2354-65. [PMID: 26338297 PMCID: PMC4618717 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Collateral arteriogenesis, the growth of existing arterial vessels to a larger diameter, is a fundamental adaptive response that is often critical for the perfusion and survival of tissues downstream of chronic arterial occlusion(s). Shear stress regulates arteriogenesis; however, the arteriogenic significance of reversed flow direction, occurring in numerous collateral artery segments after femoral artery ligation, is unknown. Our objective was to determine if reversed flow direction in collateral artery segments differentially regulates endothelial cell signaling and arteriogenesis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Collateral segments experiencing reversed flow direction after femoral artery ligation in C57BL/6 mice exhibit increased pericollateral macrophage recruitment, amplified arteriogenesis (30% diameter and 2.8-fold conductance increases), and remarkably permanent (12 weeks post femoral artery ligation) remodeling. Genome-wide transcriptional analyses on human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to reversed flow conditions mimicking those occurring in vivo yielded 10-fold more significantly regulated transcripts, as well as enhanced activation of upstream regulators (nuclear factor κB [NFκB], vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor-2, and transforming growth factor-β) and arteriogenic canonical pathways (protein kinase A, phosphodiesterase, and mitogen-activated protein kinase). Augmented expression of key proarteriogenic molecules (Kruppel-like factor 2 [KLF2], intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase) was also verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, leading us to test whether intercellular adhesion molecule 1 or endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulate amplified arteriogenesis in flow-reversed collateral segments in vivo. Interestingly, enhanced pericollateral macrophage recruitment and amplified arteriogenesis was attenuated in flow-reversed collateral segments after femoral artery ligation in intercellular adhesion molecule 1(-/-) mice; however, endothelial nitric oxide synthase(-/-) mice showed no such differences. CONCLUSIONS Reversed flow leads to a broad amplification of proarteriogenic endothelial signaling and a sustained intercellular adhesion molecule 1-dependent augmentation of arteriogenesis. Further investigation of the endothelial mechanotransduction pathways activated by reversed flow may lead to more effective and durable therapeutic options for arterial occlusive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Heuslein
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.)
| | - Joshua K Meisner
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.)
| | - Xuanyue Li
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.)
| | - Ji Song
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.)
| | - Helena Vincentelli
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.)
| | - Ryan J Leiphart
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.)
| | - Elizabeth G Ames
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.)
| | - Brett R Blackman
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.)
| | | | - Richard J Price
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.H., J.K.M., X.L., J.S., H.V., R.J.L., E.G.A., R.J.P.), Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics (E.G.A.), Radiology (R.J.P.), and Radiation Oncology (R.J.P.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and HemoShear Therapeutics LLC, Charlottesville, VA (B.R.B.).
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50
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Rashdan NA, Lloyd PG. Fluid shear stress upregulates placental growth factor in the vessel wall via NADPH oxidase 4. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1655-66. [PMID: 26408539 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00408.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Placental growth factor (PLGF), a potent stimulator of arteriogenesis, is upregulated during outward arterial remodeling. Increased fluid shear stress (FSS) is a key physiological stimulus for arteriogenesis. However, the role of FSS in regulating PLGF expression is unknown. To test the hypothesis that FSS regulates PLGF expression in vascular cells and to identify the signaling pathways involved, human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and human coronary artery smooth muscle cells were cultured on either side of porous Transwell inserts. HCAEC were then exposed to pulsatile FSS of 0.07 Pa ("normal," mimicking flow through quiescent collaterals), 1.24 Pa ("high," mimicking increased flow in remodeling collaterals), or 0.00 Pa ("static") for 2 h. High FSS increased secreted PLGF protein ∼1.4-fold compared with static control (n = 5, P < 0.01), while normal FSS had no significant effect on PLGF. Similarly, high flow stimulated PLGF mRNA expression nearly twofold in isolated mouse mesenteric arterioles. PLGF knockdown using siRNA revealed that HCAEC were the primary source of PLGF in cocultures (n = 5, P < 0.01). Both H2O2 and nitric oxide production were increased by FSS compared with static control (n = 5, P < 0.05). N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (100 μM) had no significant effect on the FSS-induced increase in PLGF. In contrast, both catalase (500 U/ml) and diphenyleneiodonium (5 μM) attenuated the effects of FSS on PLGF protein in cocultures. Diphenyleneiodonium also blocked the effect of high flow to upregulate PLGF mRNA in isolated arterioles. Further studies identified NADPH oxidase 4 as a source of reactive oxygen species for this pathway. We conclude that FSS regulates PLGF expression via NADPH oxidase 4 and reactive oxygen species signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Rashdan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Pamela G Lloyd
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
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