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Capeau J, Lagathu C, Ngono Ayissi K, Fève B, Béréziat V. HIV and adipose tissue: A long history linked to therapeutic classes of antiretrovirals. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2024; 85:255-258. [PMID: 38871510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
HIV infection has been controlled only since the introduction of triple therapy in 1996, combining, as antiretroviral agents, two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and one protease inhibitor (PI). However, among the NRTIs, the thymidine analogues stavudine and zidovudine led to lipoatrophy, either generalized or associated with visceral fat hypertrophy and buffalo hump. These molecules also increased insulin resistance and the prevalence of diabetes. They were replaced by other NRTIs or non-NRTIs (NNRTIs) that were considered to be free of adipose tissue (AT) toxicity. More recently, the NRTI tenofovir disoproxyfumarate (TDF) and the NNRTI efavirenz have been associated with inhibition of fat gain but not with clear lipoatrophy. Otherwise, the use of PIs led to a phenotype of trunk fat hypertrophy associated with cardiometabolic complications. To avoid their adverse effects, PIs have recently been replaced by a new class of antiretrovirals, the integrase inhibitors (INSTIs), which are well tolerated and effective in controlling HIV. However, this class has been associated with global weight gain, which may be important and concerning for some people living with HIV (PWH). Also, in the NRTI class, TDF has often been replaced by tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) due to bone and renal toxicities, and TAF has been associated with global fat gain. The cardiometabolic consequences of INTIs and TAF are primarily related to the associated weight gain. In the global obesogenic worldwide context, PWH are gaining weight as well in relation to poor health life conditions. Taking in charge obesity uses the same strategies as those used in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Capeau
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine, institut hospitalo-universitaire de cardio-métabolisme et nutrition (ICAN), Inserm UMR_S938, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, ANRS-MIE, Sidaction, France.
| | - Claire Lagathu
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine, institut hospitalo-universitaire de cardio-métabolisme et nutrition (ICAN), Inserm UMR_S938, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Kenza Ngono Ayissi
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine, institut hospitalo-universitaire de cardio-métabolisme et nutrition (ICAN), Inserm UMR_S938, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fève
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine, institut hospitalo-universitaire de cardio-métabolisme et nutrition (ICAN), Inserm UMR_S938, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Endocrinology, PRISIS, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Béréziat
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine, institut hospitalo-universitaire de cardio-métabolisme et nutrition (ICAN), Inserm UMR_S938, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France
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2
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Kanmogne GD. HIV Infection, Antiretroviral Drugs, and the Vascular Endothelium. Cells 2024; 13:672. [PMID: 38667287 PMCID: PMC11048826 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell activation, injury, and dysfunction underlies the pathophysiology of vascular diseases and infections associated with vascular dysfunction, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Despite viral suppression with combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) are prone to many comorbidities, including neurological and neuropsychiatric complications, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, premature aging, and malignancies. HIV and viral proteins can directly contribute to the development of these comorbidities. However, with the continued high prevalence of these comorbidities despite viral suppression, it is likely that ART or some antiretroviral (ARVs) drugs contribute to the development and persistence of comorbid diseases in PLWH. These comorbid diseases often involve vascular activation, injury, and dysfunction. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the current literature on ARVs and the vascular endothelium in PLWH, animal models, and in vitro studies. I also summarize evidence of an association or lack thereof between ARV drugs or drug classes and the protection or injury/dysfunction of the vascular endothelium and vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgette D Kanmogne
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
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3
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Jebane C, Varlet AA, Karnat M, Hernandez- Cedillo LM, Lecchi A, Bedu F, Desgrouas C, Vigouroux C, Vantyghem MC, Viallat A, Rupprecht JF, Helfer E, Badens C. Enhanced cell viscosity: A new phenotype associated with lamin A/C alterations. iScience 2023; 26:107714. [PMID: 37701573 PMCID: PMC10494210 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamin A/C is a well-established key contributor to nuclear stiffness and its role in nucleus mechanical properties has been extensively studied. However, its impact on whole-cell mechanics has been poorly addressed, particularly concerning measurable physical parameters. In this study, we combined microfluidic experiments with theoretical analyses to quantitatively estimate the whole-cell mechanical properties. This allowed us to characterize the mechanical changes induced in cells by lamin A/C alterations and prelamin A accumulation resulting from atazanavir treatment or lipodystrophy-associated LMNA R482W pathogenic variant. Our results reveal a distinctive increase in long-time viscosity as a signature of cells affected by lamin A/C alterations. Furthermore, they show that the whole-cell response to mechanical stress is driven not only by the nucleus but also by the nucleo-cytoskeleton links and the microtubule network. The enhanced cell viscosity assessed with our microfluidic assay could serve as a valuable diagnosis marker for lamin-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Jebane
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marc Karnat
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rares diseases of Insulin-Secretion and Insulin-Sensitivity (PRISIS), Department of Endocrinology, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Inserm UMR_S938, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Vantyghem
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism Department, Inserm U1190, EGID, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Annie Viallat
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Rupprecht
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuèle Helfer
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Badens
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France
- AP-HM, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Marseille, France
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4
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Primmer SR, Liao CY, Kummert OMP, Kennedy BK. Lamin A to Z in normal aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8150-8166. [PMID: 36260869 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Almost since the discovery that mutations in the LMNA gene, encoding the nuclear structure components lamin A and C, lead to Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, people have speculated that lamins may have a role in normal aging. The most common HPGS mutation creates a splice variant of lamin A, progerin, which promotes accelerated aging pathology. While some evidence exists that progerin accumulates with normal aging, an increasing body of work indicates that prelamin A, a precursor of lamin A prior to C-terminal proteolytic processing, accumulates with age and may be a driver of normal aging. Prelamin A shares properties with progerin and is also linked to a rare progeroid disease, restrictive dermopathy. Here, we describe mechanisms underlying changes in prelamin A with aging and lay out the case that this unprocessed protein impacts normative aging. This is important since intervention strategies can be developed to modify this pathway as a means to extend healthspan and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chen-Yu Liao
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | | | - Brian K Kennedy
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore.,Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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5
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Impaired differentiation of small airway basal stem/progenitor cells in people living with HIV. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2966. [PMID: 35194053 PMCID: PMC8864005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), higher incidence of airway abnormalities is common in the HIV population consistent with the concept of accelerated lung "aging". Our previous findings demonstrated that HIV induces human airway basal cells (BC) into destructive and inflammatory phenotypes. Since BC function as stem/progenitor cells of the small airway epithelium (SAE), responsible for self-renewal and differentiation of SAE, we hypothesized that BC from people living with HIV (PLWH) may have altered differentiation capacity that contribute to premature aging. The data demonstrates that BC from PLWH have impaired capacity to differentiate in vitro and senescent phenotypes including shortened telomeres, increased expression of β-galactosidase and cell cycle inhibitors, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In vitro studies demonstrated that BC senescence is partly due to adverse effects of HAART on BC. These findings provide an explanation for higher incidence of airway dysfunction and accelerated lung aging observed in PLWH.
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6
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Mechanisms of immune aging in HIV. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:61-80. [PMID: 34985109 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Massive CD4+ T-cell depletion as well as sustained immune activation and inflammation are hallmarks of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 infection. In recent years, an emerging concept draws an intriguing parallel between HIV-1 infection and aging. Indeed, many of the alterations that affect innate and adaptive immune subsets in HIV-infected individuals are reminiscent of the process of immune aging, characteristic of old age. These changes, of which the presumed cause is the systemic immune activation established in patients, likely participate in the immuno-incompetence described with HIV progression. With the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-seropositive patients can now live for many years despite chronic viral infection. However, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related opportunistic infections have given way to chronic diseases as the leading cause of death since HIV infection. Therefore, the comparison between HIV-1 infected patients and uninfected elderly individuals goes beyond the sole onset of immunosenescence and extends to the deterioration of several physiological functions related to inflammation and systemic aging. In light of this observation, it is interesting to understand the precise link between immune activation and aging in HIV-1 infection to figure out how to best care for people living with HIV (PLWH).
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7
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Toledo G, Côté HCF, Adler C, Thorne C, Goetghebuer T. Neurological development of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected. Dev Med Child Neurol 2021; 63:1161-1170. [PMID: 33987826 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Widespread use of antiretroviral drugs for pregnant/breastfeeding females with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has led to declining vertical transmission. Despite being HIV-uninfected, the increasing number of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected (CHEU) often present with developmental alterations. We review seminal and recent evidence on the neurological development of CHEU and associations with early life HIV/antiretroviral exposure. Our conceptual model highlights the numerous exposures and universal risk factors for CHEU developmental disorders. Early studies suggest a significant association between HIV exposure and neurological abnormalities, varying according to the burden of HIV-specific exposures and other risk factors. More recent observations from the modern era are inconsistent, although some studies suggest specific antiretrovirals may adversely affect neurological development of CHEU. As the CHEU population continues to grow, alongside simultaneous increases in types and combinations of antiretrovirals used in pregnancy, long-term monitoring of CHEU is necessary for understanding the effects of HIV/antiretroviral exposure on CHEU developmental outcomes. What this paper adds Evidence on the neurological development of children who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed and uninfected (CHEU) is synthesized. Comparisons are made to children who are HIV-unexposed, across treatment eras and settings, and by antiretroviral drug regimens and drug classes. CHEU exposures are complex and include HIV-specific and universal risk factors which may affect development during the early years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Toledo
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hélène C F Côté
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine Adler
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Claire Thorne
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tessa Goetghebuer
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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8
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Chang RC, Soontornniyomkij B, Umlauf A, Soontornniyomkij V. Antiretroviral Tenofovir Induces Senescence-Associated β-Galactosidase Activity in Primary Human Brain Vascular Cells in Multi-Layer Three-Dimensional Co-Culture. Cureus 2021; 13:e15327. [PMID: 34235009 PMCID: PMC8240677 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the current context of early diagnosis of HIV infection, immediate initiation of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, and lifelong chronic treatment, the potential ARV toxicity is of particular concern. Emtricitabine (FTC) and tenofovir (TFV) are commonly used as backbone drugs in ARV regimens recommended for initial therapy of HIV infection. Here we assessed the effects of FTC and TFV exposure on senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity, a marker of cellular senescence, in human brain vascular cells. Design Multi-layer three-dimensional cell co-cultures and in vitro assays. Methods To mimic the small vessel wall structure in vivo, three types of primary human brain vascular cells (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes) were co-cultured on three Alvetex Scaffold disks placed on top of each other in order (three-layer three-dimensional cell co-cultures) and exposed to clinically relevant concentrations of ARV drugs (FTC, TFV, or FTC+TFV combination) or vehicle for eight days (four or five biological replicates per condition, 18 replicates totally). The SA-β-Gal activity was quantitatively assayed in vitro by using the chemiluminescent Galacto-Star System (T1012; Applied Biosystems, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) in 54 protein lysates extracted from individual cell-culture disks. Three-factor analysis of variance (cell type, FTC, TFV) was used to assess differences in the SA-β-Gal activity levels normalized by the corresponding total protein concentrations. Results There was a trend for the FTC by TFV interaction effect on SA-β-Gal activity (P = 0.058). The effects of FTC and TFV were not significantly different among the three cell types. The overall effect of FTC was not significant when controlling for TFV and cell type. The overall effect of TFV was significant when controlling for FTC and cell type (F(1,48) = 30.61, P < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.389). In the absence of FTC, TFV raised SA-β-Gal activity by 0.631 units on average, regardless of cell type (P < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.368). In the presence of FTC, TFV raised SA-β-Gal activity by 0.303 units on average, regardless of cell type (P = 0.015, partial η2 = 0.118). Conclusion Our preliminary findings suggest that primary human brain vascular cells exposed to TFV at clinically relevant concentrations undergo cellular senescence. This potential adverse effect of TFV should be further studied in animal models of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Chang
- Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Anya Umlauf
- Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
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9
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Kohli J, Veenstra I, Demaria M. The struggle of a good friend getting old: cellular senescence in viral responses and therapy. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52243. [PMID: 33734564 PMCID: PMC8024996 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202052243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable cell cycle arrest associated with macromolecular alterations and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and molecules. Senescence-associated phenotypes restrict damage propagation and activate immune responses, two essential processes involved in response to viral infections. However, excessive accumulation and persistence of senescent cells can become detrimental and promote pathology and dysfunctions. Various pharmacological interventions, including antiviral therapies, lead to aberrant and premature senescence. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms by which viral infections and antiviral therapy induce senescence. We highlight the importance of these processes in attenuating viral dissemination and damage propagation, but also how prematurely induced senescent cells can promote detrimental adverse effects in humans. We describe which sequelae due to viral infections and treatment can be partly due to excessive and aberrant senescence. Finally, we propose that pharmacological strategies which eliminate senescent cells or suppress their secretory phenotype could mitigate side effects and alleviate the onset of additional morbidities. These strategies can become extremely beneficial in patients recovering from viral infections or undergoing antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaskaren Kohli
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA)University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Iris Veenstra
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA)University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA)University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)GroningenThe Netherlands
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10
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MicroRNA-34a: the bad guy in age-related vascular diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7355-7378. [PMID: 34698884 PMCID: PMC8629897 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The age-related vasculature alteration is the prominent risk factor for vascular diseases (VD), namely, atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, vascular calcification (VC) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The chronic sterile low-grade inflammation state, alias inflammaging, characterizes elderly people and participates in VD development. MicroRNA34-a (miR-34a) is emerging as an important mediator of inflammaging and VD. miR-34a increases with aging in vessels and induces senescence and the acquisition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in vascular smooth muscle (VSMCs) and endothelial (ECs) cells. Similarly, other VD risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension, modify miR-34a expression to promote vascular senescence and inflammation. miR-34a upregulation causes endothelial dysfunction by affecting ECs nitric oxide bioavailability, adhesion molecules expression and inflammatory cells recruitment. miR-34a-induced senescence facilitates VSMCs osteoblastic switch and VC development in hyperphosphatemia conditions. Conversely, atherogenic and hypoxic stimuli downregulate miR-34a levels and promote VSMCs proliferation and migration during atherosclerosis and PAH. MiR34a genetic ablation or miR-34a inhibition by anti-miR-34a molecules in different experimental models of VD reduce vascular inflammation, senescence and apoptosis through sirtuin 1 Notch1, and B-cell lymphoma 2 modulation. Notably, pleiotropic drugs, like statins, liraglutide and metformin, affect miR-34a expression. Finally, human studies report that miR-34a levels associate to atherosclerosis and diabetes and correlate with inflammatory factors during aging. Herein, we comprehensively review the current knowledge about miR-34a-dependent molecular and cellular mechanisms activated by VD risk factors and highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of modulating its expression in order to reduce inflammaging and VD burn and extend healthy lifespan.
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11
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Farnebo S, Wiig M, Holm B, Ghafouri B. Differentially Expressed Proteins in Intra Synovial Compared to Extra Synovial Flexor Tendon Grafts in a Rabbit Tendon Transplantation Model. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8100408. [PMID: 33053838 PMCID: PMC7650534 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncomplicated healing of grafts for tendon reconstruction remains an unsolved problem in hand surgery. Results are limited by adhesion formation and decreased strength properties, especially within the tight fibro-osseous sheath of the digits. This is especially problematic when an extra synovial tendon graft is used to replace an intra synovial flexor tendon. Compositional differences are likely to play an important role in these processes. The aim of this study was, therefore, to compare protein expression in pair-matched intra synovial tendon grafts with extra synovial tendon grafts, using a rabbit tendon injury model. We hypothesized that there would be significant differences in proteins critical for response to tensile loading and adhesion formation between the two groups. Using mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical data analysis, we found tissue-specific differences in 22 proteins, where 7 explained 93% (R2) of the variation, with a prediction of 81% (Q2). Among the highest discriminating proteins were Galectin, Histone H2A, and Periostin, which were found in a substantially larger amount in the extra synovial tendons compared to the intra synovial tendons. These findings may contribute to improved understanding of the differences in outcome seen after tendon reconstruction using tendon grafts with intra synovial and extra synovial grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Farnebo
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery, and Burns, Linköping University, SE 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (B.G.)
| | - Monica Wiig
- Department of Surgical Science, Hand Surgery, Uppsala University, and Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.W.); (B.H.)
| | - Björn Holm
- Department of Surgical Science, Hand Surgery, Uppsala University, and Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.W.); (B.H.)
| | - Bijar Ghafouri
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, SE 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (B.G.)
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12
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Varlet AA, Helfer E, Badens C. Molecular and Mechanobiological Pathways Related to the Physiopathology of FPLD2. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091947. [PMID: 32842478 PMCID: PMC7565540 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are rare and heterogeneous diseases affecting one to almost all tissues, as in Progeria, and sharing certain features such as metabolic disorders and a predisposition to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. These two features are the main characteristics of the adipose tissue-specific laminopathy called familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2). The only gene that is involved in FPLD2 physiopathology is the LMNA gene, with at least 20 mutations that are considered pathogenic. LMNA encodes the type V intermediate filament lamin A/C, which is incorporated into the lamina meshwork lining the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope. Lamin A/C is involved in the regulation of cellular mechanical properties through the control of nuclear rigidity and deformability, gene modulation and chromatin organization. While recent studies have described new potential signaling pathways dependent on lamin A/C and associated with FPLD2 physiopathology, the whole picture of how the syndrome develops remains unknown. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways involving lamin A/C that are associated with the progression of FPLD2. We also explore the links between alterations of the cellular mechanical properties and FPLD2 physiopathology. Finally, we introduce potential tools based on the exploration of cellular mechanical properties that could be redirected for FPLD2 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice-Anaïs Varlet
- Marseille Medical Genetics (MMG), INSERM, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Emmanuèle Helfer
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINAM), CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (E.H.); (C.B.); Tel.: +33-6-60-30-28-91 (E.H.); +33-4-91-78-68-94 (C.B.)
| | - Catherine Badens
- Marseille Medical Genetics (MMG), INSERM, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Correspondence: (E.H.); (C.B.); Tel.: +33-6-60-30-28-91 (E.H.); +33-4-91-78-68-94 (C.B.)
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13
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Basisty N, Kale A, Patel S, Campisi J, Schilling B. The power of proteomics to monitor senescence-associated secretory phenotypes and beyond: toward clinical applications. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:297-308. [PMID: 32425074 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1766976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cellular senescence is a rapidly growing field with potential relevance for the treatment of multiple human diseases. In the last decade, cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) have emerged as central drivers of aging and many chronic diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, heart disease and osteoarthritis. Major efforts are underway to develop drugs that selectively eliminate senescent cells (senolytics) or alter the SASP (senomorphics) to treat age-related diseases in humans. The translation of senescence-targeting therapies into humans is still in early stages. Nonetheless, it is clear that proteomic approaches will facilitate the discovery of important SASP proteins, development of senescence- and SASP-derived biomarkers, and identification of therapeutic targets for senolytic and senomorphic drugs. AREAS COVERED We review recent proteomic studies of cellular senescence and their translational relevance and, particularly, characterization of the secretory phenotype and preclinical development of biomarkers (from 2008-2020, PubMed). We focus on emerging areas, such as the heterogeneity of senescent cells and the SASP, extracellular vesicles released by senescent cells, and validating biomarkers of aging in vivo. EXPERT OPINION Proteomic and multi-omic approaches will be important for the development of senescence-based biomarkers to facilitate and monitor future therapeutic interventions that target senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Basisty
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato , California, USA
| | - Abhijit Kale
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato , California, USA
| | - Sandip Patel
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato , California, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato , California, USA.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California , Berkeley, USA
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Progerin Expression Induces Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Senescence in Human Coronary Endothelial Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051201. [PMID: 32408587 PMCID: PMC7290406 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature aging disorder notably characterized by precocious and deadly atherosclerosis. Almost 90% of HGPS patients carry a LMNA p.G608G splice variant that leads to the expression of a permanently farnesylated abnormal form of prelamin-A, referred to as progerin. Endothelial dysfunction is a key determinant of atherosclerosis, notably during aging. Previous studies have shown that progerin accumulates in HGPS patients’ endothelial cells but also during vascular physiological aging. However, whether progerin expression in human endothelial cells can recapitulate features of endothelial dysfunction is currently unknown. Herein, we evaluated the direct impact of exogenously expressed progerin and wild-type lamin-A on human endothelial cell function and senescence. Our data demonstrate that progerin, but not wild-type lamin-A, overexpression induces endothelial cell dysfunction, characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress together with persistent DNA damage, increased cell cycle arrest protein expression and cellular senescence. Inhibition of progerin prenylation using a pravastatin–zoledronate combination partly prevents these defects. Our data suggest a direct proatherogenic role of progerin in human endothelial cells, which could contribute to HGPS-associated early atherosclerosis and also potentially be involved in physiological endothelial aging participating to age-related cardiometabolic diseases.
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Gorwood J, Ejlalmanesh T, Bourgeois C, Mantecon M, Rose C, Atlan M, Desjardins D, Le Grand R, Fève B, Lambotte O, Capeau J, Béréziat V, Lagathu C. SIV Infection and the HIV Proteins Tat and Nef Induce Senescence in Adipose Tissue and Human Adipose Stem Cells, Resulting in Adipocyte Dysfunction. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040854. [PMID: 32244726 PMCID: PMC7226797 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aging is characterized by adipose tissue senescence, inflammation, and fibrosis, with trunk fat accumulation. Aging HIV-infected patients have a higher risk of trunk fat accumulation than uninfected individuals—suggesting that viral infection has a role in adipose tissue aging. We previously demonstrated that HIV/SIV infection and the Tat and Nef viral proteins were responsible for adipose tissue fibrosis and impaired adipogenesis. We hypothesized that SIV/HIV infection and viral proteins could induce adipose tissue senescence and thus lead to adipocyte dysfunctions. Methods: Features of tissue senescence were evaluated in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues of SIV-infected macaques and in human adipose stem cells (ASCs) exposed to Tat or Nef for up to 30 days. Results: p16 expression and p53 activation were higher in adipose tissue of SIV-infected macaques than in control macaques, indicating adipose tissue senescence. Tat and Nef induced higher senescence in ASCs, characterized by higher levels of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, p16 expression, and p53 activation vs. control cells. Treatment with Tat and Nef also induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Prevention of oxidative stress (using N-acetyl-cysteine) reduced senescence in ASCs. Adipocytes having differentiated from Nef-treated ASCs displayed alterations in adipogenesis with lower levels of triglyceride accumulation and adipocyte marker expression and secretion, and insulin resistance. Conclusion: HIV/SIV promotes adipose tissue senescence, which in turn may alter adipocyte function and contribute to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gorwood
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
| | - Tina Ejlalmanesh
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
| | - Christine Bourgeois
- Immunology of Viral infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, U1184, INSERM-CEA-Université Paris Sud 11, F-92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses and F-94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (C.B.); (O.L.)
| | - Matthieu Mantecon
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
| | - Cindy Rose
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
| | - Michael Atlan
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
- Plastic Surgery Department, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, F-75020 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Desjardins
- IDMIT Department, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Inserm, CEA, Université Paris Saclay, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (D.D.); (R.L.G.)
| | - Roger Le Grand
- IDMIT Department, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Inserm, CEA, Université Paris Saclay, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (D.D.); (R.L.G.)
| | - Bruno Fève
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
- Diabétologie et Reproduction, PRISIS, Service d’Endocrinologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- Immunology of Viral infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, U1184, INSERM-CEA-Université Paris Sud 11, F-92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses and F-94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (C.B.); (O.L.)
- Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Sud, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, F-94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
| | - Véronique Béréziat
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (C.L.); Tel.: +33140011321 (V.B.)
| | - Claire Lagathu
- Lipodystrophies, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptation, and Aging, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France; (J.G.); (T.E.); (M.M.); (C.R.); (M.A.); (B.F.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (C.L.); Tel.: +33140011321 (V.B.)
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16
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Zhang Q, Nettleship I, Schmelzer E, Gerlach J, Zhang X, Wang J, Liu C. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Therapies for Cell Senescence in Bone and Cartilage. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:64-78. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ian Nettleship
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eva Schmelzer
- Department of Surgery, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jorg Gerlach
- Department of Surgery, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xuewei Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
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17
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Afonso P, Auclair M, Caron-Debarle M, Capeau J. Impact of CCR5, integrase and protease inhibitors on human endothelial cell function, stress, inflammation and senescence. Antivir Ther 2019; 22:645-657. [PMID: 28350300 DOI: 10.3851/imp3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing HIV-infected patients present an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction being an early alteration. Some protease inhibitors (PIs) have been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. We evaluated here the effects of CCR5 or integrase inhibitors as compared to PIs on endothelial functions in vitro. METHODS Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) from adult and old non-HIV-infected donors were treated for 15 days with the CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc, the integrase inhibitors dolutegravir or raltegravir or the ritonavir-boosted PIs, darunavir (DRV/r) or atazanavir (ATV/r), all at Cmax concentrations. We evaluated endothelial function, secretion of adhesion molecules and cytokines, inflammation, oxidative stress and senescence. RESULTS In endothelial cells from adult donors, we confirmed that ATV/r and DRV/r adversely affected all assessed endothelial functions and enhanced senescence, these effects being mild for DRV/r. Raltegravir had no effect and maraviroc a mild anti-inflammatory effect. Dolutegravir decreased inflammation, by inhibiting the NFκB pathway, and senescence, by repressing the p21 pathway. Moreover, HCAEC from an old donor presented, constitutively, a high level of senescence. Raltegravir mildly affected inflammation and senescence while maraviroc and dolutegravir decreased oxidative stress, inflammation and senescence and improved endothelial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS We report here that the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir and the CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc reduced inflammation of human adult endothelial cells to different extents while raltegravir was neutral. Dolutegravir also reduced senescence, while PI/r increased inflammation and senescence. It is important to address the clinical relevance of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Afonso
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,ICAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Martine Auclair
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,ICAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Martine Caron-Debarle
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,ICAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,ICAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
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18
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Saberi S, Kalloger SE, Zhu MMT, Sattha B, Maan EJ, van Schalkwyk J, Money DM, Côté HCF. Dynamics of leukocyte telomere length in pregnant women living with HIV, and HIV-negative pregnant women: A longitudinal observational study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212273. [PMID: 30840638 PMCID: PMC6402636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV-mediated inflammation and immune activation can accelerate telomere attrition. In addition, antiretrovirals can inhibit telomerase, possibly shortening telomeres. We examined the longitudinal dynamics of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) during pregnancy in a unique cohort of women living with HIV (WLWH) treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and HIV-negative control women. Methods Blood was collected at three visits during pregnancy, at 13–23, >23–30, and >30–40 weeks of gestation, and for WLWH only, at 6 weeks post-partum. LTL was measured by qPCR and both cross-sectional and longitudinal (MANOVA) models were used to examine possible predictors of LTL among participants who attended all three visits during pregnancy. Results Among WLWH (n = 64) and HIV-negative women (n = 41), within participant LTL were correlated throughout pregnancy (p<0.001). LTL was shorter among WLWH at first visit, but this difference waned by the second visit. WLWH who discontinued cART post-partum experienced a decrease in LTL. Longitudinally, LTL was similar in both groups and increased as gestation progressed, a change that was more pronounced among women under 35 years. Among WLWH, both smoking throughout pregnancy (p = 0.04) and receiving a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor-based regimen (p = 0.03) were independently associated with shorter LTL. Conclusions LTL increases as pregnancy progresses; the reasons for this are unknown but may relate to changes in blood volume, hormones, and/or cell subset distribution. While our observations need confirmation in an independent cohort, our data suggest that although some cART regimens may influence LTL, being on cART appears overall protective and that stopping cART post-partum may negatively impact LTL. The effect of smoking on LTL is clearly negative, stressing the importance of smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Saberi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steve E. Kalloger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mayanne M. T. Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Beheroze Sattha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Evelyn J. Maan
- British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julianne van Schalkwyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Deborah M. Money
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hélène C. F. Côté
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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19
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Moujaber O, Fishbein F, Omran N, Liang Y, Colmegna I, Presley JF, Stochaj U. Cellular senescence is associated with reorganization of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1169-1183. [PMID: 30599068 PMCID: PMC11105446 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells undergo structural and functional changes that affect essentially every aspect of cell physiology. To date, the impact of senescence on the cytoskeleton is poorly understood. This study evaluated the cytoskeleton in two independent cellular models of kidney epithelium senescence. Our work identified multiple senescence-related alterations that impact microtubules and filamentous actin during interphase. Both filamentous systems reorganized profoundly when cells became senescent. As such, microtubule stability increased during senescence, making these filaments more resistant to disassembly in the cold or by nocodazole. Microtubule stabilization was accompanied by enhanced α-tubulin acetylation on lysine 40 and the depletion of HDAC6, the major deacetylase for α-tubulin lysine 40. Rho-associated kinase Rock1 is an upstream regulator that modulates key properties of the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton. Our research shows that Rock1 concentrations were reduced significantly in senescent cells, and we revealed a mechanistic link between microtubule stabilization and Rock1 depletion. Thus, Rock1 overexpression partially restored the cold sensitivity of microtubules in cells undergoing senescence. Additional components relevant to microtubules were affected by senescence. Specifically, we uncovered the senescence-related loss of the microtubule nucleating protein γ-tubulin and aberrant formation of γ-tubulin foci. Concomitant with the alterations of microtubule and actin filaments, senescent cells displayed functional changes. In particular, cell migration was impaired significantly in senescent cells. Taken together, our study identified new senescence-associated deficiencies of the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton, provided insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and demonstrated functional consequences that are important to the physiology and function of renal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ossama Moujaber
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Nawal Omran
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Inés Colmegna
- Department of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - John F Presley
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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20
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Soontornniyomkij V, Umlauf A, Soontornniyomkij B, Gouaux B, Ellis RJ, Levine AJ, Moore DJ, Letendre SL. Association of antiretroviral therapy with brain aging changes among HIV-infected adults. AIDS 2018; 32:2005-2015. [PMID: 29912063 PMCID: PMC6115290 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is currently recommended for all persons living with HIV (PLWH), regardless of their CD4 T-cell count, and should be continued throughout life. Nonetheless, vigilance of the safety of ART, including its neurotoxicity, must continue. We hypothesized that use of certain ART drugs might be associated with aging-related cerebral degenerative changes among PLWH. DESIGN Clinicopathological study of PLWH who were using ART drugs at the last clinical assessment. METHODS Using multivariable logistic regression, we tested associations between use of each specific ART drug (with reference to use of other ART drugs) and cerebral degenerative changes including neuronal phospho-tau lesions, β-amyloid plaque deposition, microgliosis, and astrogliosis in the frontal cortex and putamen (immunohistochemistry), as well as cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in the forebrain white matter (standard histopathology), with relevant covariates being taken into account. The Bonferroni adjustment was applied. RESULTS Darunavir use was associated with higher likelihood of neuronal phospho-tau lesions in the putamen [odds ratio (OR) 15.33, n = 93, P = 0.005]. Ritonavir use was associated with marked microgliosis in the putamen (OR 4.96, n = 101, P = 0.023). On the other hand, use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was associated with lower likelihood of β-amyloid plaque deposition in the frontal cortex (OR 0.13, n = 102, P = 0.012). There was a trend toward an association between emtricitabine use and CSVD (OR 13.64, n = 75, P = 0.099). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that PLWH treated with darunavir and ritonavir may be at increased risk of aging-related cerebral degenerative changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ronald J Ellis
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Andrew J Levine
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | - David J Moore
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program
- Department of Psychiatry
| | - Scott L Letendre
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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21
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Simabuco FM, Morale MG, Pavan IC, Morelli AP, Silva FR, Tamura RE. p53 and metabolism: from mechanism to therapeutics. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23780-23823. [PMID: 29805774 PMCID: PMC5955117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor cell changes itself and its microenvironment to adapt to different situations, including action of drugs and other agents targeting tumor control. Therefore, metabolism plays an important role in the activation of survival mechanisms to keep the cell proliferative potential. The Warburg effect directs the cellular metabolism towards an aerobic glycolytic pathway, despite the fact that it generates less adenosine triphosphate than oxidative phosphorylation; because it creates the building blocks necessary for cell proliferation. The transcription factor p53 is the master tumor suppressor; it binds to more than 4,000 sites in the genome and regulates the expression of more than 500 genes. Among these genes are important regulators of metabolism, affecting glucose, lipids and amino acids metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and growth factors signaling. Wild-type and mutant p53 may have opposing effects in the expression of these metabolic genes. Therefore, depending on the p53 status of the cell, drugs that target metabolism may have different outcomes and metabolism may modulate drug resistance. Conversely, induction of p53 expression may regulate differently the tumor cell metabolism, inducing senescence, autophagy and apoptosis, which are dependent on the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and/or ROS induction. The interplay between p53 and metabolism is essential in the decision of cell fate and for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M. Simabuco
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian G. Morale
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isadora C.B. Pavan
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Morelli
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando R. Silva
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo E. Tamura
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Franzese O, Barbaccia ML, Bonmassar E, Graziani G. Beneficial and Detrimental Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV-Associated Immunosenescence. Chemotherapy 2018; 63:64-75. [PMID: 29533947 DOI: 10.1159/000487534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy more than 2 decades ago, HIV-related deaths have dramatically decreased and HIV infection has become a chronic disease. Due to the inability of antiretroviral drugs to eradicate the virus, treatment of HIV infection requires a systemic lifelong therapy. However, even when successfully treated, HIV patients still show increased incidence of age-associated co-morbidities compared with uninfected individuals. Virus- induced immunosenescence, a process characterized by a progressive decline of immune system function, contributes to the premature ageing observed in HIV patients. Although antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved both the quality and length of patient lives, the life expectancy of treated patients is still shorter compared with that of uninfected individuals. In particular, while antiretroviral therapy can contrast some features of HIV-associated immunosenescence, several anti-HIV agents may themselves contribute to other aspects of immune ageing. Moreover, older HIV patients tend to have a worse immunological response to the antiviral therapy. In this review we will examine the available evidence on the role of antiretroviral therapy in the control of the main features regulating immunosenescence.
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23
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Davies JMS, Cillard J, Friguet B, Cadenas E, Cadet J, Cayce R, Fishmann A, Liao D, Bulteau AL, Derbré F, Rébillard A, Burstein S, Hirsch E, Kloner RA, Jakowec M, Petzinger G, Sauce D, Sennlaub F, Limon I, Ursini F, Maiorino M, Economides C, Pike CJ, Cohen P, Salvayre AN, Halliday MR, Lundquist AJ, Jakowec NA, Mechta-Grigoriou F, Mericskay M, Mariani J, Li Z, Huang D, Grant E, Forman HJ, Finch CE, Sun PY, Pomatto LCD, Agbulut O, Warburton D, Neri C, Rouis M, Cillard P, Capeau J, Rosenbaum J, Davies KJA. The Oxygen Paradox, the French Paradox, and age-related diseases. GeroScience 2017; 39:499-550. [PMID: 29270905 PMCID: PMC5745211 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-017-0002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A paradox is a seemingly absurd or impossible concept, proposition, or theory that is often difficult to understand or explain, sometimes apparently self-contradictory, and yet ultimately correct or true. How is it possible, for example, that oxygen "a toxic environmental poison" could be also indispensable for life (Beckman and Ames Physiol Rev 78(2):547-81, 1998; Stadtman and Berlett Chem Res Toxicol 10(5):485-94, 1997)?: the so-called Oxygen Paradox (Davies and Ursini 1995; Davies Biochem Soc Symp 61:1-31, 1995). How can French people apparently disregard the rule that high dietary intakes of cholesterol and saturated fats (e.g., cheese and paté) will result in an early death from cardiovascular diseases (Renaud and de Lorgeril Lancet 339(8808):1523-6, 1992; Catalgol et al. Front Pharmacol 3:141, 2012; Eisenberg et al. Nat Med 22(12):1428-1438, 2016)?: the so-called, French Paradox. Doubtless, the truth is not a duality and epistemological bias probably generates apparently self-contradictory conclusions. Perhaps nowhere in biology are there so many apparently contradictory views, and even experimental results, affecting human physiology and pathology as in the fields of free radicals and oxidative stress, antioxidants, foods and drinks, and dietary recommendations; this is particularly true when issues such as disease-susceptibility or avoidance, "healthspan," "lifespan," and ageing are involved. Consider, for example, the apparently paradoxical observation that treatment with low doses of a substance that is toxic at high concentrations may actually induce transient adaptations that protect against a subsequent exposure to the same (or similar) toxin. This particular paradox is now mechanistically explained as "Adaptive Homeostasis" (Davies Mol Asp Med 49:1-7, 2016; Pomatto et al. 2017a; Lomeli et al. Clin Sci (Lond) 131(21):2573-2599, 2017; Pomatto and Davies 2017); the non-damaging process by which an apparent toxicant can activate biological signal transduction pathways to increase expression of protective genes, by mechanisms that are completely different from those by which the same agent induces toxicity at high concentrations. In this review, we explore the influences and effects of paradoxes such as the Oxygen Paradox and the French Paradox on the etiology, progression, and outcomes of many of the major human age-related diseases, as well as the basic biological phenomenon of ageing itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M S Davies
- The Medical Group, Internal Medicine, Rheumatology & Osteoporosis, Dermatology, Pulmonology, Ophthalmology, and Cardiology; the Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
| | - Josiane Cillard
- Lab de Biologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Rennes, 35043, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Bertrand Friguet
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM ERL U1164, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Enrique Cadenas
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jean Cadet
- Département de Médecine nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Rachael Cayce
- The Medical Group, Internal Medicine, Rheumatology & Osteoporosis, Dermatology, Pulmonology, Ophthalmology, and Cardiology; the Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Andrew Fishmann
- The Medical Group, Internal Medicine, Rheumatology & Osteoporosis, Dermatology, Pulmonology, Ophthalmology, and Cardiology; the Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - David Liao
- The Medical Group, Internal Medicine, Rheumatology & Osteoporosis, Dermatology, Pulmonology, Ophthalmology, and Cardiology; the Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Anne-Laure Bulteau
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon,ENS de Lyon, CNRS, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Frédéric Derbré
- Laboratory for Movement, Sport and Health Sciences-EA 1274, M2S, Université de Rennes 2-ENS, Bruz, 35170, Rennes, France
| | - Amélie Rébillard
- Laboratory for Movement, Sport and Health Sciences-EA 1274, M2S, Université de Rennes 2-ENS, Bruz, 35170, Rennes, France
| | - Steven Burstein
- The Medical Group, Internal Medicine, Rheumatology & Osteoporosis, Dermatology, Pulmonology, Ophthalmology, and Cardiology; the Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Etienne Hirsch
- INSERM UMR 1127-CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière-ICM Thérapeutique Expérimentale de la Maladie de Parkinson, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75651, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Robert A Kloner
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, 91105, USA
| | - Michael Jakowec
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Giselle Petzinger
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Chronic infections and Immune ageing, INSERM U1135, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Pierre et Marie Curie University, 75013, Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Limon
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Fulvio Ursini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Matilde Maiorino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Christina Economides
- Los Angeles Cardiology Associates, Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Christian J Pike
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Anne Negre Salvayre
- Lipid peroxidation, Signalling and Vascular Diseases INSERM U1048, 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Matthew R Halliday
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Adam J Lundquist
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Nicolaus A Jakowec
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | | | - Mathias Mericskay
- Laboratoire de Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire-Inserm UMR-S 1180, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, France
| | - Jean Mariani
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM ERL U1164, 75005, Paris, France
| | - David Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Ellsworth Grant
- Department of Oncology & Hematology, Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Henry J Forman
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
| | - Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
- Los Angeles Cardiology Associates, Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
- Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
| | - Patrick Y Sun
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
- Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
| | - Laura C D Pomatto
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
- Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
| | - David Warburton
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Developmental Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutics program and the Center for Environmental Impact on Global Health Across the Lifespan at The Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Christian Neri
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Mustapha Rouis
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM ERL U1164, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Cillard
- Lab de Biologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Rennes, 35043, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- DR Saint-Antoine UMR_S938, UPMC, Inserm Faculté de Médecine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Jean Rosenbaum
- Scientific Service of the Embassy of France in the USA, Consulate General of France in Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
- Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA.
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Zhan J, Qin S, Lu L, Hu X, Zhou J, Sun Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Wang Z, Tan N, Chen J, Zhang C. miR-34a is a common link in both HIV- and antiretroviral therapy-induced vascular aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:3298-3310. [PMID: 27889708 PMCID: PMC5270669 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Both HIV and antiretroviral therapy could induce vascular aging with unclear mechanisms. In this study, via microarray analysis, we identified, for the first time, that miR-34a expression was significantly increased in both HIV-infected, and antiretroviral agents-treated vessels and vascular endothelial cells (ECs) from these vessels. In cultured ECs, miR-34a expression was significantly increased by HIV-Tat protein and by the antiretroviral agents, lopinavir/ritonavir. Both HIV-Tat protein and antiretroviral agents could induce EC senescence, which was inhibited by miR-34a inhibition. In contrast, EC senescence was exacerbated by miR-34a overexpression. In addition, the vascular ECs isolated from miR-34a knockout mice were resistant to HIV and antiretroviral agents-mediated senescence. In vivo, miR-34a expression in mouse vascular walls and their ECs was increased by antiretroviral therapy and by HIV-1 Tat transgenic approach. miR-34a inhibition could effectively inhibit both HIV-Tat protein and antiretroviral therapy-induced vascular aging in mice. The increased miR-34a was induced via p53, whereas Sirt1 was a downstream target gene of miR-34a in both HIV-Tat protein and antiretroviral agents-treated ECs and vessels. The study has demonstrated that miR-34a is a common link in both HIV and antiretroviral therapy-mediated vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Coronary artery disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510100, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Lili Lu
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Xiamin Hu
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Yeying Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Zunzhe Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Ning Tan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Coronary artery disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510100, China
| | - Jiyan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Coronary artery disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510100, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Coronary artery disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510100, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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Tanaka T, Nakazawa H, Kuriyama N, Kaneki M. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors prevent HIV protease inhibitor (lopinavir/ritonavir)-induced lipodystrophy and metabolic syndrome in mice. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1314-1320. [PMID: 29434718 PMCID: PMC5774418 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has successfully reduced the mortality rate of patients with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and HIV protease inhibitors (HIV PIs) are key components of HAART. Complications of HAART, particularly those associated with HIV PIs including lipodystrophy and metabolic disturbance, have emerged as an important public health issue. No specific treatment is available to prevent and/or treat HIV PI-associated lipodystrophy and metabolic syndrome. The present study demonstrated that a relatively low-dose of farnesyltransferase inhibitor (FTI), tipifarnib (3 mg/kg/day, subcutaneous injection) and lonafarnib (5 mg/kg/day, subcutaneous injection), prevented the onset of lipodystrophy and metabolic syndrome induced by the combination of two HIV PIs, lopinavir (50 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal injection) and ritonavir (12.5 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal injection), in mice. Consistent with previous studies, treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir for 2 weeks decreased body weight, adipose tissue mass, levels of plasma adiponectin and leptin, and increased plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and insulin. Tipifarnib and lonafarnb prevented or ameliorated all of these alterations in the HIV PI-treated mice. These data identify FTIs as a novel potential strategy to prevent or treat HIV PI-associated lipodystrophy and metabolic syndrome in HIV-infected patients on HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Harumasa Nakazawa
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.,Department of Research, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Naohide Kuriyama
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.,Department of Research, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Masao Kaneki
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.,Department of Research, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Expression of Nuclear Lamin Proteins in Endothelial Cells is Sensitive to Cell Passage and Fluid Shear Stress. Cell Mol Bioeng 2017; 11:53-64. [PMID: 31719878 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-017-0513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vascular cells are regulated by continuous hemodynamic forces in vivo, and mechanical forces such as shear stress are proposed to involve in the progression of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Lamin A/C makes up the nuclear lamina, which structurally supports the nucleus while also functionally participates in chromatin organization and gene transcription. Diseases caused by lamin or other nuclear proteins are called laminopathies. One example, Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) where young patients show signs of accelerated aging, is caused by de novo mutations on the lamin A/C gene. Vasculature of HGPS patients shares many similarities with people of advanced age, suggesting a role for lamin in vascular aging. Methods In this study, we examined how arterial shear stress affects lamin A/C expression in bovine aortic endothelial cells at different population doubling levels (PDL). We also used fluorescence image analysis to examine nuclear shape changes with shear stress and PDL. Results Our results suggest that laminar shear stress downregulated lamin A/C expression in low PDL cells, but the effect was reversed in high PDL cells. Nuclear shape changes were more prominent after shear stress in low PDL cells. Moreover, lamin A/C accumulated more at the nuclear periphery after exposure to shear stress. Conclusions Overall, our results indicate that both shear stress and cell passage can have an impact on lamin expressions at transcriptional and translational levels, as we continue to understand the effect of shear stress on endothelial lamina as part of the vascular aging process.
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Cohen J, D'Agostino L, Wilson J, Tuzer F, Torres C. Astrocyte Senescence and Metabolic Changes in Response to HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Drugs. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:281. [PMID: 28900395 PMCID: PMC5581874 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) survival rates among patients infected by HIV have increased. However, even though survival has increased HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) still persist, suggesting that HAART-drugs may play a role in the neurocognitive impairment observed in HIV-infected patients. Given previous data demonstrating that astrocyte senescence plays a role in neurocognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we examined the role of HAART on markers of senescence in primary cultures of human astrocytes (HAs). Our results indicate HAART treatment induces cell cycle arrest, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, and the cell cycle inhibitor p21. Highly active antiretroviral therapy treatment is also associated with the induction of reactive oxygen species and upregulation of mitochondrial oxygen consumption. These changes in mitochondria correlate with increased glycolysis in HAART drug treated astrocytes. Taken together these results indicate that HAART drugs induce the senescence program in HAs, which is associated with oxidative and metabolic changes that could play a role in the development of HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Cohen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Luca D'Agostino
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Joel Wilson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Ferit Tuzer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Claudio Torres
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
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Cohen J, Torres C. HIV-associated cellular senescence: A contributor to accelerated aging. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 36:117-124. [PMID: 28017881 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the advent of antiretroviral therapy HIV is no longer a terminal disease and the HIV infected patients are becoming increasingly older. While this is a major success, with increasing age comes an increased risk for disease. The age-related comorbidities that HIV infected patients experience suggest that they suffer from accelerated aging. One possible contributor to this accelerated aging is cellular senescence, an age-associated response that can occur prematurely in response to stress, and that is emerging as a contributor to disease and aging. HIV patients experience several stressors such as the virus itself, antiretroviral drugs and to a lesser extent, substance abuse that can induce cellular senescence. This review summarizes the current knowledge of senescence induction in response to these stressors and their relation to the comorbidities in HIV patients. Cellular senescence may be a possible therapeutic target for these comorbidities.
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Abstract
: The increased prevalence of age-related comorbidities and mortality is worrisome in ageing HIV-infected patients. Here, we aim to analyse the different ageing mechanisms with regard to HIV infection. Ageing results from the time-dependent accumulation of random cellular damage. Epigenetic modifications and mitochondrial DNA haplogroups modulate ageing. In antiretroviral treatment-controlled patients, epigenetic clock appears to be advanced, and some haplogroups are associated with HIV infection severity. Telomere shortening is enhanced in HIV-infected patients because of HIV and some nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Mitochondria-related oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA mutations are increased during ageing and also by some nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Overall, increased inflammation or 'inflammageing' is a major driver of ageing and could result from cell senescence with secreted proinflammatory mediators, altered gut microbiota, and coinfections. In HIV-infected patients, the level of inflammation and innate immunity activation is enhanced and related to most comorbidities and to mortality. This status could result, in addition to age, from the virus itself or viral protein released from reservoirs, from HIV-enhanced gut permeability and dysbiosis, from antiretroviral treatment, from frequent cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus coinfections, and also from personal and environmental factors, as central fat accumulation or smoking. Adaptive immune activation and immunosenescence are associated with comorbidities and mortality in the general population but are less predictive in HIV-infected patients. Biomarkers to evaluate ageing in HIV-infected patients are required. Numerous systemic or cellular inflammatory, immune activation, oxidative stress, or senescence markers can be tested in serum or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The novel European Study to Establish Biomarkers of Human Ageing MARK-AGE algorithm, evaluating the biological age, is currently assessed in HIV-infected patients and reveals an advanced biological age. Some enhanced inflammatory or innate immune activation markers are interesting but still not validated for the patient's follow-up. To be able to assess patients' biological age is an important objective to improve their healthspan.
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Eckard AR, Meissner EG, Singh I, McComsey GA. Cardiovascular Disease, Statins, and HIV. J Infect Dis 2017; 214 Suppl 2:S83-92. [PMID: 27625435 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are at an increased risk of serious, non-AIDS-defining comorbidities, even in the setting of viral suppression with combination antiretroviral therapy. This increased risk is due in part to immune dysfunction and heightened inflammation and immune activation associated with chronic HIV infection. Statins have wide-reaching immunomodulatory effects, and their use in the HIV-infected population may be of particular benefit. In this article, we review the pathogenesis of increased inflammation during HIV infection and how it contributes to the risk of cardiovascular disease among HIV-infected individuals. We then we review the immunomodulatory effects of statins and how they may attenuate the risk of cardiovascular disease and other comorbidities in this unique patient population.
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Dissecting the molecular mechanisms that impair stress granule formation in aging cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:475-486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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White matter hyperintensities in relation to cognition in HIV-infected men with sustained suppressed viral load on combination antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2016; 30:2329-39. [PMID: 27149087 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess whether HIV-infected patients on long-term successful combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) have more extensive white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed vascular origin compared with uninfected controls and whether these intensities are associated with cognitive impairment. Furthermore, we explored potential determinants of increased WMH load long-term suppressed HIV infection. DESIGN A cross-sectional comparison of WMH in an observational cohort. METHODS Clinical, cognitive, and MRI data were collected from 103 middle-aged, aviremic HIV-infected men on cART, and 70 HIV-uninfected, otherwise similar controls. In the MRI data, WMH load was quantified by automated approaches and qualitatively reviewed by an experienced neuroradiologist using the Fazekas scale. RESULTS HIV-infected men had an increased WMH load. Among HIV-infected patients, increased WMH load was independently associated with older age, higher DBP, higher D-dimer levels, and longer time spent with a CD4 cell count below 500 cells/μl. HIV-associated cognitive deficits were associated with increased WMH load. CONCLUSIONS WMH are more extensive and associated with cognitive deficits in middle-aged, aviremic cART-treated HIV-infected men. The extent of WMH load was associated with both cardiovascular risk factors and past immune deficiency. As cognitive impairment in these same patients is also associated with these risk factors, this may suggest that in the setting of HIV, WMH, and cognitive deficits share a common cause. This supports the importance of optimizing cardiovascular risk management, and early, effective treatment of HIV infection.
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Liu XM, Durante ZE, Peyton KJ, Durante W. Heme oxygenase-1-derived bilirubin counteracts HIV protease inhibitor-mediated endothelial cell dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 94:218-29. [PMID: 26968795 PMCID: PMC4844824 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) has extended the duration and quality of life for HIV-positive individuals. However there is increasing concern that this antiviral therapy may promote premature cardiovascular disease by impairing endothelial cell (EC) function. In the present study, we investigated the effect of HIV PIs on EC function and determined if the enzyme heme oxygenase (HO-1) influences the biological action of these drugs. We found that three distinct PIs, including ritonavir, atazanavir, and lopinavir, stimulated the expression of HO-1 protein and mRNA. The induction of HO-1 was associated with an increase in NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS). PIs also stimulated HO-1 promoter activity and this was prevented by mutating the antioxidant responsive element or by overexpressing dominant-negative Nrf2. In addition, the PI-mediated induction of HO-1 was abolished by N-acetyl-l-cysteine and rotenone. Furthermore, PIs blocked EC proliferation and migration and stimulated the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and the adhesion of monocytes on ECs. Inhibition of HO-1 activity or expression potentiated the anti-proliferative and inflammatory actions of PIs which was reversed by bilirubin but not carbon monoxide. Alternatively, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of HO-1 attenuated the growth-inhibitory and inflammatory effect of PIs. In contrast, blocking HO-1 activity failed to modify the anti-migratory effect of the PIs. Thus, induction of HO-1 via the ROS-Nrf2 pathway in human ECs counteracts the anti-proliferative and inflammatory actions of PIs by generating bilirubin. Therapeutic approaches targeting HO-1 may provide a novel approach in preventing EC dysfunction and vascular disease in HIV-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Liu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zane E Durante
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kelly J Peyton
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - William Durante
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA.
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Masiá M, Padilla S, Barber X, Sanchis M, Terol G, Lidón F, Gutiérrez F. Comparative Impact of Suppressive Antiretroviral Regimens on the CD4/CD8 T-Cell Ratio: A Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3108. [PMID: 26986155 PMCID: PMC4839936 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although different factors have been implicated in the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio recovery in HIV-infected patients who receive effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), limited information exists on the influence of the regimen composition. A longitudinal study carried out in a prospective, single-center cohort of HIV-infected patients. ART regimens including non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), protease inhibitors (PI), or integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) from patients who achieved long-term (≥6-month duration) virological suppression (HIV-RNA < 400 copies/mL) from January 1998 to June 2014 were analyzed. The impact of ART composition on the changes of the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio was modeled using a mixed linear approach with adjustment for possible confounders. A total of 1068 ART regimens from 570 patients were analyzed. Mean (SD) age of the patients was 42.15 (10.68) years and 276 (48.42%) had hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection. Five hundred fifty-eight (52.25%) regimens were PI-based, 439 (40.10%) NNRTI-based, and 71 (6.65%) INSTI-based; 487 (45.60%) were initial regimens, 476 (44.57%) simplification, and 105 (9.83%) salvage regimens. Median (IQR) number of regimens was 1 (1-2) per patient, of 29 (14-58) months duration, and 4 (3-7) CD4/CD8 measurements per regimen. The median baseline CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.42, 0.50, and 0.54, respectively, with the PI-, NNRTI-, and INSTI-based regimens (P = 0.0073). Overall median (IQR) increase of CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.0245 (-0.0352-0.0690) per year, and a CD4/CD8 ratio ≥1 was achieved in 19.35% of the cases with PI-based, 25.97% with NNRTI-based, and 22.54% with INSTI-based regimens (P = 0.1406). In the adjusted model, the mean CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio increase was higher with NNRTI-based regimens compared for PI-based (estimated coefficient for PI [95% CI], -0.0912 [-0.1604 to -0.0219], P = 0.009). Also, a higher CD4/CD8 baseline ratio was associated with higher CD4/CD8 increase in the adjusted model (P = 0.001); by contrast, higher age (P = 0.020) and simplification of ART regimen (P = 0.003) had a negative impact on the CD4/CD8 ratio. Antiretroviral regimen composition has a differential impact on the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio; NNRTI-based regimens are associated with enhanced CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio recovery compared to PI-based antiretroviral regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Masiá
- From the Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General de Elche (MM, SP, GT, FL, FG), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Spain; and Statistics (XB, MS), Centro de Investigación Operativa, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Alicante, Spain
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LMNA mutations resulting in lipodystrophy and HIV protease inhibitors trigger vascular smooth muscle cell senescence and calcification: Role of ZMPSTE24 downregulation. Atherosclerosis 2016; 245:200-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Parikh NI, Gerschenson M, Bennett K, Gangcuangco LMM, Lopez MS, Mehta NN, Playford MP, Nakamoto BK, Seto TB, Chow DC, Shikuma CM. Lipoprotein concentration, particle number, size and cholesterol efflux capacity are associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress and function in an HIV positive cohort. Atherosclerosis 2015; 239:50-4. [PMID: 25574857 PMCID: PMC4370782 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Association of lipoprotein particle size/number and HDL function with mitochondrial oxidative stress and function may underlie the excess cardiovascular (CVD) risk in HIV. METHODS AND RESULTS Among HIV infected individuals on stable highly active antiretroviral therapy, we related standard and novel lipid measures [plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, lipoprotein particle (-P) subclass size and number and HDL function (via cholesterol-efflux capacity)] with oxidative stress [peripheral blood mononuclear cell's mitochondrial-specific 8-oxo-deoxyguanine (8-oxo-dG)] and function markers [oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) and cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV) enzyme activities]. Multivariable-adjusted logistic and linear regression analyses were employed adjusting for age, gender, CD4 nadir, viral load, smoking, diabetes, HOMA-IR, hypertension and lipid medications. Among 150 HIV-infected persons (mean age 52 years, 12% women, median CD4 count 524 cell/mm3), low HDL-C and high total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio were related to PBMC 8-oxo-deoxyguanine (p = 0.01 and 0.02 respectively). Large HDL-P and HDL-P size were inversely related to PBMC 8-oxo-deoxyguanine (p = 0.04). Small LDL-P (p = 0.01) and total LDL-P (p = 0.01) were related to decreased OXPHOS Complex I activity. LDL-P was related to decreased OXPHOS Complex IV activity (p = 0.02). Cholesterol efflux capacity was associated with increased OXPHOS Complex IV activity. CONCLUSIONS HDL concentration and particle size and number are related to decreased PBMC mitochondrial oxidative stress whereas HDL function is positively related to mitochondrial oxidative function. The association we find between atherogenic lipoprotein profile and increased oxidative stress and function suggests these pathways may be important in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease in HIV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha I Parikh
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA; Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Mariana Gerschenson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kara Bennett
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Louie Mar M Gangcuangco
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Mary S Lopez
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martin P Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Beau K Nakamoto
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Neurology, Straub Clinics and Hospital, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Todd B Seto
- Cardiovascular Division, The Queens Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Dominic C Chow
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Cecilia M Shikuma
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Beltrán LM, Rubio-Navarro A, Amaro-Villalobos JM, Egido J, García-Puig J, Moreno JA. Influence of immune activation and inflammatory response on cardiovascular risk associated with the human immunodeficiency virus. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2015; 11:35-48. [PMID: 25609975 PMCID: PMC4293933 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s65885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased cardiovascular risk. Although initially this increased risk was attributed to metabolic alterations associated with antiretroviral treatment, in recent years, the attention has been focused on the HIV disease itself. Inflammation, immune system activation, and endothelial dysfunction facilitated by HIV infection have been identified as key factors in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. In this review, we describe the epidemiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in patients with HIV infection and summarize the latest knowledge on the relationship between traditional and novel inflammatory, immune activation, and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers on the cardiovascular risk associated with HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Beltrán
- Metabolic-Vascular Unit, Fundación IdiPAZ-Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Rubio-Navarro
- Vascular, Renal, and Diabetes Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Egido
- Vascular, Renal, and Diabetes Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain ; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain ; Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas (FRIAT-IRSIN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan García-Puig
- Metabolic-Vascular Unit, Fundación IdiPAZ-Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Moreno
- Vascular, Renal, and Diabetes Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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Prelamin A accumulation in endothelial cells induces premature senescence and functional impairment. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237:45-52. [PMID: 25200614 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects in lamin A maturation result in premature aging syndromes and severe atherosclerosis as observed in the Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. In age-related atherosclerosis, several features of cellular senescence have been characterized in endothelial cells including telomere shortening and increased oxidative stress. However, to date, very little is known about lamin A alterations in these cells. OBJECTIVES To study lamin A-related senescence and its consequences in the activation status of primary endothelial cells. METHODS Healthy primary endothelial cells and progenitors issued from human umbilical vein or cord blood were used. Lamin A defects were induced by protease inhibitor (Atazanavir) treatment for 48 h. RESULTS We show that protease inhibitor treatment leads to the accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A, inducing nuclear shape abnormalities and premature senescence in both differentiated and progenitor endothelial cells. ICAM-1-dependent activation and monocytes adhesion was increased in mature endothelial cells. In parallel, the ability to generate microvascular networks in matrigel was decreased for endothelial progenitors. The effects of protease inhibitor treatment on nuclear shapes were reversed when cells were treated in combination with Pravastatin and Zoledronate in both mature and progenitor endothelial cells. Reversion was also demonstrated with a morpholino antisense-oligonucleotide targeting lamin A-specific splice site. DISCUSSION This study shows that protease inhibitor treatment reproduces premature senescence due to lamin A defects in primary endothelial cells and progenitors after 48 h exposure. The cells used were non-aged as extracted from cord blood or umbilical vein, allowing one to consider that other senescence pathways were not activated and that the observed alterations were specific of prelamin A accumulation. Both mature endothelial cells and precursors were sensitive to prelamin accumulation and thus, could be used in the future as a valuable model to test different approaches aimed at specifically reversing lamin A-related cells senescence.
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Prevalence of ischemic heart disease and management of coronary risk in daily clinical practice: results from a Mediterranean cohort of HIV-infected patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:823058. [PMID: 25170515 PMCID: PMC4142151 DOI: 10.1155/2014/823058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background. There are conflicting data on the prevalence of coronary events and the quality of the management of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in HIV-infected patients. Methods. We performed a retrospective descriptive study to determine the prevalence of coronary events and to evaluate the management of CVRF in a Mediterranean cohort of 3760 HIV-1-infected patients from April 1983 through June 2011. Results. We identified 81 patients with a history of a coronary event (prevalence 2.15%); 83% of them suffered an acute myocardial infarction. At the time of the coronary event, CVRF were highly prevalent (60.5% hypertension, 48% dyslipidemia, and 16% diabetes mellitus). Other CVRF, such as smoking, hypertension, lack of exercise, and body mass index, were not routinely assessed. After the coronary event, a significant decrease in total cholesterol (P = 0.025) and LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.004) was observed. However, the percentage of patients who maintained LDL-cholesterol > 100 mg/dL remained stable (from 46% to 41%, P = 0.103). Patients using protease inhibitors associated with a favorable lipid profile increased over time (P = 0.028). Conclusions. The prevalence of coronary events in our cohort is low. CVRF prevalence is high and their management is far from optimal. More aggressive interventions should be implemented to diminish cardiovascular risk in HIV-infected patients.
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Emerging clinical issues related to management of multiorgan comorbidities and polypharmacy. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2014; 9:371-8. [DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remain prevalent in patients who receive HAART and may be associated with cumulative exposure to antiretroviral medications and other factors. We proposed that chronic toxic effects of antiretroviral drugs could contribute to cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), which might be one of the key underpinnings of HAND. DESIGN Clinicopathological cross-sectional study of HIV-infected adults in the California NeuroAIDS Tissue Network. METHODS We employed multivariable logistic regression methods to determine associations between HAART exposure (protease inhibitor-based, nonprotease inhibitor-based, or no HAART) and CSVD occurrence (standard histopathology: moderate/severe, mild, or absent). We also associated HAND (relative to normal cognition) with CSVD, HIV-related neuropathologic changes, older age at death (≥50 years), sex, or hepatitis C virus infection. RESULTS We found that both mild and moderate/severe CSVD were associated with protease inhibitor-based HAART exposure after adjusting for diabetes mellitus [odds ratio (OR) 2.8 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.03-7.9) and 2.6 (95% CI 1.03-6.7), respectively, n = 134]. Moderate/severe CSVD was associated with diabetes after adjusting for HAART exposure [OR 7.4 (95% CI 1.6-70.7), n = 134]. Notably, HAND was associated with mild CSVD [OR 4.8 (95% CI 1.1-21.2), n = 63], which remained statistically significant after adjusting for vessel mineralization, HIV encephalitis, microglial nodular lesions, white matter lesions, or older age. CONCLUSION Protease inhibitor-based HAART exposure may increase the risk of CSVD and thereby neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected adults. Apart from the possible direct toxicity to cerebral small vessels, protease inhibitor-based HAART may contribute indirectly to CSVD by inducing metabolic abnormalities.
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Nuclear envelope-related lipodystrophies. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 29:148-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and cancer in the Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) era. Cancer Lett 2014; 347:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Infante A, Gago A, de Eguino GR, Calvo-Fernández T, Gómez-Vallejo V, Llop J, Schlangen K, Fullaondo A, Aransay AM, Martín A, Rodríguez CI. Prelamin A accumulation and stress conditions induce impaired Oct-1 activity and autophagy in prematurely aged human mesenchymal stem cell. Aging (Albany NY) 2014; 6:264-80. [PMID: 24753226 PMCID: PMC4032794 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging, a time-dependent functional decline of biological processes, is the primary risk factor in developing diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular or degenerative diseases. There is a real need to understand the human aging process in order to increase the length of disease-free life, also known as "health span". Accumulation of progerin and prelamin A are the hallmark of a group of premature aging diseases but have also been found during normal cellular aging strongly suggesting similar mechanisms between healthy aging and LMNA-linked progeroid syndromes. How this toxic accumulation contributes to aging (physiological or pathological) remains unclear. Since affected tissues in age-associated disorders and in pathological aging are mainly of mesenchymal origin we propose a model of human aging based on mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) which accumulate prelamin A. We demonstrate that prelamin A-accumulating hMSCs have a premature aging phenotype which affects their functional competence in vivo. The combination of prelamin A accumulation and stress conditions enhance the aging phenotype by dysregulating the activity of the octamer binding protein Oct-1This experimental model has been fundamental to identify a new role for Oct-1 in hMSCs aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Infante
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo 48903, Spain
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Auclair M, Afonso P, Capel E, Caron-Debarle M, Capeau J. Impact of darunavir, atazanavir and lopinavir boosted with ritonavir on cultured human endothelial cells: beneficial effect of pravastatin. Antivir Ther 2014; 19:773-82. [PMID: 24535489 DOI: 10.3851/imp2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV-infected patients administered long-term ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (PIs) are at a greater risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction is an initiating event in HIV-associated atherosclerosis. Cultured endothelial cells can be used as a model to compare the endothelial toxicity of different PIs. METHODS We compared the effect of darunavir (DRV), darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r), lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r), used at clinically relevant concentrations, on human coronary artery endothelial cell vascular function, oxidative stress, inflammation and senescence, and studied the effect of pravastatin on PI-induced alterations. RESULTS Vascular endothelial cell function, evaluated by the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and the production of nitric oxide and endothelin-1, was unaffected by DRV or DRV/r, but altered by LPV/r or ATV/r. DRV or DRV/r did not alter, or mildly induced oxidative stress and inflammation (phosphorylation of p65/RelA-NFκB, secretion of IL-6 and IL-8), while ATV/r and LPV/r induced a marked increase. Secretion of sICAM or sVCAM, indicative of altered cell integrity, was not or weakly altered by DRV or DRV/r, but increased by 2-3-fold by LPV/r or ATV/r. Similar results were observed regarding senescence markers: SA-β-galactosidase activation and overexpression of phospho-p53, p16(ink4), p21(WAF-1) and prelamin A. Pravastatin could, in part, reverse PI-induced adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Ritonavir-boosted PIs differentially induced vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, reactive oxygen species production, inflammation and senescence with no effect or a mild effect of DRV/r, an intermediate effect of ATV/r, and a stronger effect of LPV/r. Statins could, in part, protect the cells from PI-induced endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Auclair
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint Antoine, F-75012, Paris, France
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Datta S, Snow CJ, Paschal BM. A pathway linking oxidative stress and the Ran GTPase system in progeria. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:1202-15. [PMID: 24523287 PMCID: PMC3982987 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-07-0430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the Ran GTPase at a proper concentration in the nucleus is important for nucleocytoplasmic transport. Previously we found that nuclear levels of Ran are reduced in cells from patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a disease caused by constitutive attachment of a mutant form of lamin A (termed progerin) to the nuclear membrane. Here we explore the relationship between progerin, the Ran GTPase, and oxidative stress. Stable attachment of progerin to the nuclear membrane disrupts the Ran gradient and results in cytoplasmic localization of Ubc9, a Ran-dependent import cargo. Ran and Ubc9 disruption can be induced reversibly with H2O2. CHO cells preadapted to oxidative stress resist the effects of progerin on Ran and Ubc9. Given that HGPS-patient fibroblasts display elevated ROS, these data suggest that progerin inhibits nuclear transport via oxidative stress. A drug that inhibits pre-lamin A cleavage mimics the effects of progerin by disrupting the Ran gradient, but the effects on Ran are observed before a substantial ROS increase. Moreover, reducing the nuclear concentration of Ran is sufficient to induce ROS irrespective of progerin. We speculate that oxidative stress caused by progerin may occur upstream or downstream of Ran, depending on the cell type and physiological setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutirtha Datta
- Center for Cell Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903
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Ipp H, Zemlin AE, Erasmus RT, Glashoff RH. Role of inflammation in HIV-1 disease progression and prognosis. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2014; 51:98-111. [PMID: 24479745 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2013.865702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and immune activation have been thrust to center stage in the understanding of HIV-1 disease pathogenesis and progression. Early work demonstrated that heightened levels of immune activation correlated with the extent of CD4 + T cell death in lymphoid tissue; however, this concept was not incorporated into the general view of disease pathogenesis. Since these early studies, the extension of life for patients on combination antiretroviral therapies (cART) has heralded a new era of non-AIDS-related diseases and incomplete restoration of immune function. The common link appears to be ongoing inflammation and immune activation. Thus, despite good control of viral loads, persons living with HIV (PLWH) remain at increased risk of inflammatory-associated complications such as cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. HIV-specific mechanisms as well as non-specific generalized responses to infection contribute to ongoing activation of the immune system. An early loss of gastrointestinal (GI) tract mucosal integrity, the pro-inflammatory cytokine milieu, co-infections and marked destruction of lymph node architecture are all factors contributing to the ongoing activation of the immune system as well as impaired immune recovery. It is becoming increasingly evident that the CD4 count and viral load do not provide a complete picture of the underlying state of the immune system. Heightened levels of inflammatory markers have been shown to predict increased mortality and other adverse events. Therefore, it will be important to incorporate these markers into management algorithms as soon as possible. This is particularly relevant in resource-poor countries where difficulties in cART roll-out and access are still encountered and, therefore, a mechanism for prioritizing individuals for therapy would be of value. This review will focus on the closely inter-related concepts of immune activation and inflammation. Both are broad concepts involving the interaction of various key players in the immune system. Importantly, immune activation promotes inflammation and thrombosis and similarly, inflammation and thrombosis induce immune activation. These concepts are thus intricately linked. Studies highlighting the potentially harmful effects of ongoing inflammation/immune activation are reviewed and the contributions of the GI tract "damage" and other co-infections such as CMV are explored. The complications resulting from persistent immune activation include enhanced CD4 + T cell death, lymphoid tissue destruction, and various pathologies related to chronic inflammation. Ultimately, we envision that the long-term management of the disease will incorporate both the identification and the amelioration of the potentially harmful effects of ongoing immune activation and inflammation.
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Prevalence of calcified carotid artery atheromas in panoramic radiographs of HIV-positive patients undergoing antiretroviral treatment: a retrospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 117:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hernandez-Vallejo SJ, Beaupere C, Larghero J, Capeau J, Lagathu C. HIV protease inhibitors induce senescence and alter osteoblastic potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: beneficial effect of pravastatin. Aging Cell 2013; 12:955-65. [PMID: 23795945 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy present an increased prevalence of age-related comorbidities, including osteoporosis. HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) have been suspected to participate to bone loss, but the mechanisms involved are unknown. In endothelial cells, some PIs have been shown to induce the accumulation of farnesylated prelamin-A, a biomarker of cell aging leading to cell senescence. Herein, we hypothesized that these PIs could induce premature aging of osteoblast precursors, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and affect their capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts. Senescence was studied in proliferating human MSCs after a 30-day exposure to atazanavir and lopinavir with or without ritonavir. When compared to untreated cells, PI-treated MSCs had a reduced proliferative capacity that worsened with increasing passages. PI treatment led to increased oxidative stress and expression of senescence markers, including prelamin-A. Pravastatin, which blocks prelamin-A farnesylation, prevented PI-induced senescence and oxidative stress, while treatment with antioxidants partly reversed these effects. Moreover, senescent MSCs presented a decreased osteoblastic potential, which was restored by pravastatin treatment. Because age-related bone loss is associated with increased bone marrow fat, we also evaluated the capacity of PI-treated MSCs to differentiate into adipocyte. We observed an altered adipocyte differentiation in PI-treated MSCs that was reverted by pravastatin. We have shown that some PIs alter osteoblast formation by affecting their differentiation potential in association with altered senescence in MSCs, with a beneficial effect of statin. These data corroborate the clinical observations and allow new insight into pathophysiological mechanisms of PI-induced bone loss in HIV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra J. Hernandez-Vallejo
- INSERM UMRS938; Paris France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMRS 938; Paris France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition; Paris France
| | - Carine Beaupere
- INSERM UMRS938; Paris France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMRS 938; Paris France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition; Paris France
| | - Jerome Larghero
- Cell Therapy Unit; Hôpital Saint Louis; Paris France
- Univ Paris Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cite; Paris France
- INSERM UMRS940; Hôpital Saint-Louis; Paris France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- INSERM UMRS938; Paris France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMRS 938; Paris France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition; Paris France
- APHP; Hôpital Tenon; Paris France
| | - Claire Lagathu
- INSERM UMRS938; Paris France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMRS 938; Paris France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition; Paris France
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Bidault G, Garcia M, Vantyghem MC, Ducluzeau PH, Morichon R, Thiyagarajah K, Moritz S, Capeau J, Vigouroux C, Béréziat V. Lipodystrophy-linked LMNA p.R482W mutation induces clinical early atherosclerosis and in vitro endothelial dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2162-71. [PMID: 23846499 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some mutations in LMNA, encoding A-type lamins, are responsible for Dunnigan-type-familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD2), with altered fat distribution and metabolism. The high prevalence of early and severe cardiovascular outcomes in these patients suggests that, in addition to metabolic risk factors, FPLD2-associated LMNA mutations could have a direct role on the vascular wall cells. APPROACH AND RESULTS We analyzed the cardiovascular phenotype of 19 FPLD2 patients aged >30 years with LMNA p.R482 heterozygous substitutions, and the effects of p.R482W-prelamin-A overexpression in human coronary artery endothelial cells. In 68% of FPLD2 patients, early atherosclerosis was attested by clinical cardiovascular events, occurring before the age of 45 in most cases. In transduced endothelial cells, exogenous wild-type-prelamin-A was correctly processed and localized, whereas p.R482W-prelamin-A accumulated abnormally at the nuclear envelope. Patients' fibroblasts also showed a predominant nuclear envelope distribution with a decreased rate of prelamin-A maturation. Only p.R482W-prelamin-A induced endothelial dysfunction, with decreased production of NO, increased endothelial adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and cellular senescence. p.R482W-prelamin-A also induced oxidative stress, DNA damages, and inflammation. These alterations were prevented by treatment of endothelial cells with pravastatin, which inhibits prelamin-A farnesylation, or with antioxidants. In addition, pravastatin allowed the correct relocalization of p.R482W-prelamin-A within the endothelial cell nucleus. These data suggest that farnesylated p.R482W-prelamin-A accumulation at the nuclear envelope is a toxic event, leading to cellular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS LMNA p.R482 mutations, responsible for FPLD2, exert a direct proatherogenic effect in endothelial cells, which could contribute to patients' early atherosclerosis.
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