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Niu K, Zhang C, Yang M, Maguire EM, Shi Z, Sun S, Wu J, Liu C, An W, Wang X, Gao S, Ge S, Xiao Q. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 18 controls vascular smooth muscle cell contractile phenotype and neointimal hyperplasia. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:796-810. [PMID: 38498586 PMCID: PMC11135647 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 18 (SNHG18) has been widely implicated in cancers. However, little is known about its functional involvement in vascular diseases. Herein, we attempted to explore a role for SNHG18 in modulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contractile phenotype and injury-induced neointima formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptomic datasets showed decreased levels of SNHG18 in injured and atherosclerotic murine and human arteries, which is positively associated with VSMC contractile genes. SNHG18 was upregulated in VSMCs by TGFβ1 through transcription factors Sp1 and SMAD3. SNHG18 gene gain/loss-of-function studies revealed that VSMC contractile phenotype was positively regulated by SNHG18. Mechanistic studies showed that SNHG18 promotes a contractile VSMC phenotype by up-regulating miR-22-3p. SNHG18 up-regulates miR-22 biogenesis and miR-22-3p production by competitive binding with the A-to-I RNA editing enzyme, adenosine deaminase acting on RNA-2 (ADAR2). Surprisingly, we observed that ADAR2 inhibited miR-22 biogenesis not through increasing A-to-I editing within primary miR-22, but by interfering with the binding of microprocessor complex subunit DGCR8 to primary miR-22. Importantly, perivascular SNHG18 overexpression in the injured vessels dramatically up-regulated the expression levels of miR-22-3p and VSMC contractile genes, and prevented injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Such modulatory effects were reverted by miR-22-3p inhibition in the injured arteries. Finally, we observed a similar regulator role for SNHG18 in human VSMCs and a decreased expression level of both SNHG18 and miR-22-3p in diseased human arteries; and we found that the expression level of SNHG18 was positively associated with that of miR-22-3p in both healthy and diseased human arteries. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that SNHG18 is a novel regulator in governing VSMC contractile phenotype and preventing injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Our findings have important implications for therapeutic targeting snhg18/miR-22-3p signalling in vascular diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima
- Humans
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Animals
- Phenotype
- Hyperplasia
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Male
- Signal Transduction
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Niu
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 390, Huaihe Road, LuYang District, Hefei, Anhui, 230061, PR China
| | - Chengxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Mei Yang
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Eithne Margaret Maguire
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Zhenning Shi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Shasha Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Chenxin Liu
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Weiwei An
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Shenglin Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
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2
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Brown SD, Klimi E, Bakker WAM, Beqqali A, Baker AH. Non-coding RNAs to treat vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38773733 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) dysfunction is a critical contributor to cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, restenosis and vein graft failure. Recent advances have unveiled a fascinating range of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a pivotal role in regulating vSMC function. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms underlying vSMC dysfunction and the therapeutic potential of various ncRNAs in mitigating this dysfunction, either preventing or reversing it. We explore the intricate interplay of microRNAs, long-non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, shedding light on their roles in regulating key signalling pathways associated with vSMC dysfunction. We also discuss the prospects and challenges associated with developing ncRNA-based therapies for this prevalent type of cardiovascular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Brown
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eftychia Klimi
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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3
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Rega S, Farina F, Bouhuis S, de Donato S, Chiesa M, Poggio P, Cavallotti L, Bonalumi G, Giambuzzi I, Pompilio G, Perrucci GL. Multi-omics in thoracic aortic aneurysm: the complex road to the simplification. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:131. [PMID: 37475058 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01080-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a serious condition that affects the aorta, characterized by the dilation of its first segment. The causes of TAA (e.g., age, hypertension, genetic syndromes) are heterogeneous and contribute to the weakening of the aortic wall. This complexity makes treating this life-threatening aortopathy challenging, as there are currently no etiological therapy available, and pharmacological strategies, aimed at avoiding surgical aortic replacement, are merely palliative. Recent studies on novel therapies for TAA have focused on identifying biological targets and etiological mechanisms of the disease by using advanced -omics techniques, including epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics approaches. METHODS This review presents the latest findings from -omics approaches and underscores the importance of integrating multi-omics data to gain more comprehensive understanding of TAA. RESULTS Literature suggests that the alterations in TAA mediators frequently involve members of pro-fibrotic process (i.e., TGF-β signaling pathways) or proteins associated with cell/extracellular structures (e.g., aggrecans). Further analyses often reported the importance in TAA of processes as inflammation (PCR, CD3, leukotriene compounds), oxidative stress (chromatin OXPHOS, fatty acids), mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (e.g., PPARs and HIF1a). Of note, more recent metabolomics studies added novel molecular markers to the list of TAA-specific detrimental mediators (proteoglycans). CONCLUSION It is increasingly clear that integrating data from different -omics branches, along with clinical data, is essential as well as complicated both to reveal hidden relevant information and to address complex diseases such as TAA. Importantly, recent progresses in metabolomics highlighted novel potential and unprecedented marks in TAA diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rega
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Unit for the Study of Aortic, Valvular and Coronary Pathologies, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Floriana Farina
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Bouhuis
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia de Donato
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Chiesa
- Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence Facility, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Electronics, Information and Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Poggio
- Unit for the Study of Aortic, Valvular and Coronary Pathologies, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cavallotti
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bonalumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Giambuzzi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca L Perrucci
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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4
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Hao C, Li R, Lu Z, He K, Shen J, Wang T, Qiu T. Predicting prognosis, immunotherapy and distinguishing cold and hot tumors in clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on anoikis-related lncRNAs. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1145450. [PMID: 37359524 PMCID: PMC10288194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1145450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequently occurring malignant tumor within the kidney cancer subtype. It has low sensitivity to traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the optimal treatment for localized ccRCC has been surgical resection, but even with complete resection the tumor will be eventually developed into metastatic disease in up to 40% of localized ccRCC. For this reason, it is crucial to find early diagnostic and treatment markers for ccRCC. Methods We obtained anoikis-related genes (ANRGs) integrated from Genecards and Harmonizome dataset. The anoikis-related risk model was constructed based on 12 anoikis-related lncRNAs (ARlncRNAs) and verified by principal component analysis (PCA), Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), and the role of the risk score in ccRCC immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression levels, and drug sensitivity was evaluated by various algorithms. Additionally, we divided patients based on ARlncRNAs into cold and hot tumor clusters using the ConsensusClusterPlus (CC) package. Results The AUC of risk score was the highest among various factors, including age, gender, and stage, indicating that the model we built to predict survival was more accurate than the other clinical features. There was greater sensitivity to targeted drugs like Axitinib, Pazopanib, and Sunitinib in the high-risk group, as well as immunotherapy drugs. This shows that the risk-scoring model can accurately identify candidates for ccRCC immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Furthermore, our results suggest that cluster 1 is equivalent to hot tumors with enhanced sensitivity to immunotherapy drugs. Conclusion Collectively, we developed a risk score model based on 12 prognostic lncRNAs, expected to become a new tool for evaluating the prognosis of patients with ccRCC, providing different immunotherapy strategies by screening for hot and cold tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hao
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Nanchang, China
| | - Rumeng Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeguang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center/State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuang He
- Department of Pathology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiayun Shen
- Afliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Qiu
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Nanchang, China
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5
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Ding N, Lv Y, Su H, Wang Z, Kong X, Zhen J, Lv Z, Wang R. Vascular calcification in CKD: New insights into its mechanisms. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1160-1182. [PMID: 37269534 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, effective therapies are still unavailable at present. It has been well established that VC associated with CKD is not a passive process of calcium phosphate deposition, but an actively regulated and cell-mediated process that shares many similarities with bone formation. Additionally, numerous studies have suggested that CKD patients have specific risk factors and contributors to the development of VC, such as hyperphosphatemia, uremic toxins, oxidative stress and inflammation. Although research efforts in the past decade have greatly improved our knowledge of the multiple factors and mechanisms involved in CKD-related VC, many questions remain unanswered. Moreover, studies from the past decade have demonstrated that epigenetic modifications abnormalities, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs, play an important role in the regulation of VC. This review seeks to provide an overview of the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of VC associated with CKD, mainly focusing on the involvement of epigenetic modifications in the initiation and progression of uremic VC, with the aim to develop promising therapies for CKD-related cardiovascular events in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yaodong Lv
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianglei Kong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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6
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Wang G, Luo Y, Gao X, Liang Y, Yang F, Wu J, Fang D, Luo M. MicroRNA regulation of phenotypic transformations in vascular smooth muscle: relevance to vascular remodeling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:144. [PMID: 37165163 PMCID: PMC11071847 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) phenotype play a critical role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis after angioplasty. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs (approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length) that function as regulators in various physiological and pathophysiological events. Recent studies have suggested that aberrant miRNAs' expression might underlie VSMC phenotypic transformation, appearing to regulate the phenotypic transformations of VSMCs by targeting specific genes that either participate in the maintenance of the contractile phenotype or contribute to the transformation to alternate phenotypes, and affecting atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary artery disease by altering VSMC proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, calcification, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, suggesting an important regulatory role in vascular remodeling for maintaining vascular homeostasis. This review outlines recent progress in the discovery of miRNAs and elucidation of their mechanisms of action and functions in VSMC phenotypic regulation. Importantly, as the literature supports roles for miRNAs in modulating vascular remodeling and for maintaining vascular homeostasis, this area of research will likely provide new insights into clinical diagnosis and prognosis and ultimately facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulin Luo
- GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital (Traditional Chinese Medicine) of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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7
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Zhao J, Cheng L, Liu Q, Liang T, Xie J, Wang R, Chen W, Ao L, Zhang H. Lnc-HZ03 promotes TRBP-mediated splicing of pre-miR-hz03 to generate miR-hz03 in human trophoblast cells. Toxicol Sci 2023; 191:332-342. [PMID: 36453846 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) leads to dysfunctions of human trophoblast cells and further induces miscarriage. In our previous study, we have found that lnc-HZ03 and miR-hz03 are upregulated in BPDE-exposed human trophoblast cells and in recurrent miscarriage tissues; and the upregulated miR-hz03 caused by lnc-HZ03 further promotes the apoptosis of human trophoblast cells and induces miscarriage. However, how lnc-HZ03 upregulates miR-hz03 is completely unknown. In this study, we find that lnc-HZ03 upregulates the expression level of a transcription factor TFIID (a TATA-binding protein) and promotes TFIID-mediated transactivation response element RNA-binding protein (TRBP) transcription. Subsequently, the upregulated TRBP promotes the maturation of miR-hz03 by splicing its precursor pre-miR-hz03 in human trophoblast cells. In BPDE-exposed trophoblast cells or in recurrent miscarriage tissues, lnc-HZ03 was upregulated, which accelerates the TFIID-mediated TRBP transcription and thus promotes TRBP-mediated miR-HZ03 maturation. Subsequently, the upregulated miR-hz03 further promotes the apoptosis of human trophoblast cells and induces miscarriage. This work provides new insights into the regulation of miRNA expression levels by lncRNAs in BPDE-exposed human trophoblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Zhao
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Liqin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Qicai Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Jiayu Xie
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Weina Chen
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Lin Ao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
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8
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Krüppel-like Factor 7 inhibits proliferation and migration of pulmonary smooth muscle cells via p21 activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 940:175473. [PMID: 36566916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) are critical contributors to the pulmonary vascular remodeling that occurs during the development of Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Krüppel-like Factor 7 (KLF7) has been reported to be involved in the development of certain cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of KLF7 in PAH remains unknown. Here, we aimed to explore whether KLF7 mediates the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and its underlying mechanism. In this study, Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 60 mg/kg monocrotaline (MCT) for 3 weeks to induce PAH and human PASMCs were stimulated with 20 ng/ml platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) for 24 h to induce proliferation and migration. The mRNA and protein expression of KLF7 were significantly down-regulated in MCT-induced PAH rats and PDGF-BB-treated PASMCs. Under normal conditions, KLF7 knockdown obviously promoted PASMCs proliferation and migration, whereas KLF7 overexpression exhibited the opposite effects. Furthermore, PDGF-BB promoted the PASMCs proliferation and migration, increased the cell proportion in S phase, which was significantly attenuated by overexpression of KLF7. Mechanistic investigation indicated that KLF7 through activation its target protein, the cell cycle inhibitor p21, which finally leading to the inhibition of PASMCs growth. Consistently, UC2288, a specific inhibitor of p21, partially reversed the PASMCs proliferation inhibited by KLF7 overexpression. Taken collectively, the data suggested that KLF7 inhibits PASMCs proliferation and migration via p21 pathway and it may be used as a new therapeutic target for the PAH.
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9
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Sliz E, Tyrmi JS, Rahmioglu N, Zondervan KT, Becker CM, Uimari O, Kettunen J. Evidence of a causal effect of genetic tendency to gain muscle mass on uterine leiomyomata. Nat Commun 2023; 14:542. [PMID: 36726022 PMCID: PMC9892568 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomata (UL) are the most common tumours of the female genital tract and the primary cause of surgical removal of the uterus. Genetic factors contribute to UL susceptibility. To add understanding to the heritable genetic risk factors, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of UL in up to 426,558 European women from FinnGen and a previous UL meta-GWAS. In addition to the 50 known UL loci, we identify 22 loci that have not been associated with UL in prior studies. UL-associated loci harbour genes enriched for development, growth, and cellular senescence. Of particular interest are the smooth muscle cell differentiation and proliferation-regulating genes functioning on the myocardin-cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1 A pathway. Our results further suggest that genetic predisposition to increased fat-free mass may be causally related to higher UL risk, underscoring the involvement of altered muscle tissue biology in UL pathophysiology. Overall, our findings add to the understanding of the genetic pathways underlying UL, which may aid in developing novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Sliz
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Jaakko S Tyrmi
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nilufer Rahmioglu
- Oxford Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Krina T Zondervan
- Oxford Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christian M Becker
- Oxford Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Outi Uimari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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10
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Zhang W, Zhao J, Deng L, Ishimwe N, Pauli J, Wu W, Shan S, Kempf W, Ballantyne MD, Kim D, Lyu Q, Bennett M, Rodor J, Turner AW, Lu YW, Gao P, Choi M, Warthi G, Kim HW, Barroso MM, Bryant WB, Miller CL, Weintraub NL, Maegdefessel L, Miano JM, Baker AH, Long X. INKILN is a novel long noncoding RNA promoting vascular smooth muscle inflammation via scaffolding MKL1 and USP10. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.07.522948. [PMID: 36711681 PMCID: PMC9881896 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.07.522948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Activation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) inflammation is vital to initiate vascular disease. However, the role of human-specific long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in VSMC inflammation is poorly understood. Methods Bulk RNA-seq in differentiated human VSMCs revealed a novel human-specific lncRNA called IN flammatory M K L1 I nteracting L ong N oncoding RNA ( INKILN ). INKILN expression was assessed in multiple in vitro and ex vivo models of VSMC phenotypic modulation and human atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) samples. The transcriptional regulation of INKILN was determined through luciferase reporter system and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Both loss- and gain-of-function approaches and multiple RNA-protein and protein-protein interaction assays were utilized to uncover the role of INKILN in VSMC proinflammatory gene program and underlying mechanisms. Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) transgenic (Tg) mice were utilized to study INKLIN expression and function in ligation injury-induced neointimal formation. Results INKILN expression is downregulated in contractile VSMCs and induced by human atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm. INKILN is transcriptionally activated by the p65 pathway, partially through a predicted NF-κB site within its proximal promoter. INKILN activates the proinflammatory gene expression in cultured human VSMCs and ex vivo cultured vessels. Mechanistically, INKILN physically interacts with and stabilizes MKL1, a key activator of VSMC inflammation through the p65/NF-κB pathway. INKILN depletion blocks ILIβ-induced nuclear localization of both p65 and MKL1. Knockdown of INKILN abolishes the physical interaction between p65 and MKL1, and the luciferase activity of an NF-κB reporter. Further, INKILN knockdown enhances MKL1 ubiquitination, likely through the reduced physical interaction with the deubiquitinating enzyme, USP10. INKILN is induced in injured carotid arteries and exacerbates ligation injury-induced neointimal formation in BAC Tg mice. Conclusions These findings elucidate an important pathway of VSMC inflammation involving an INKILN /MKL1/USP10 regulatory axis. Human BAC Tg mice offer a novel and physiologically relevant approach for investigating human-specific lncRNAs under vascular disease conditions.
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11
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Efovi D, Xiao Q. Noncoding RNAs in Vascular Cell Biology and Restenosis. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:24. [PMID: 36671717 PMCID: PMC9855655 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angioplasty patient outcomes remains a key priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been extensively implicated in vascular cell biology and ISR through multiple, both distinct and overlapping, mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages constitute the main cell types involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of ISR. The identification of critical regulators exemplified by ncRNAs in all these cell types and processes makes them an exciting therapeutic target in the field of restenosis. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the potential functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in vascular cell biology in the context of restenosis, with an in-depth focus on vascular cell dysfunction during restenosis development and progression. We will also discuss the diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target potential of ncRNAs in ISR. Finally, we will discuss the current shortcomings, challenges, and perspectives toward the clinical application of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Efovi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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12
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Fasolo F, Paloschi V, Maegdefessel L. Long non-coding RNAs at the crossroad of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation in atherosclerosis and neointimal formation. Atherosclerosis 2022:S0021-9150(22)01542-8. [PMID: 36513554 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite extraordinary advances in the comprehension of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and the employment of very effective treatments, cardiovascular diseases are still a major cause of mortality and represent a large share of health expenditure worldwide. Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting the medium and large arteries, which consists of a progressive accumulation of fatty substances, cellular waste products and fibrous elements, which culminates in the buildup of a plaque obstructing the blood flow. Endothelial dysfunction represents an early pathological event, favoring immune cells recruitment and triggering local inflammation. The release of inflammatory cytokines and other signaling molecules stimulates phenotypic modifications in the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells, which, in physiological conditions, are responsible for the maintenance of vessels architecture while regulating vascular tone. Vascular smooth muscle cells are highly plastic and may respond to disease stimuli by de-differentiating and losing their contractility, while increasing their synthetic, proliferative, and migratory capacity. This phenotypic switching is considered a pathological hallmark of atherogenesis and is ruled by the activation of selective gene programs. The advent of genomics and the improvement of sequencing technologies deepened our knowledge of the complex gene expression regulatory networks mediated by non-coding RNAs, and favored the rise of innovative therapeutic approaches targeting the non-coding transcriptome. In the context of atherosclerosis, long non-coding RNAs have received increasing attention as potential translational targets, due to their contribution to the molecular dynamics modulating the expression of vascular smooth muscle cells contractile/synthetic gene programs. In this review, we will focus on the most well-characterized long non-coding RNAs contributing to atherosclerosis by controlling expression of the contractile apparatus and genes activated in perturbed vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fasolo
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Berlin, Germany; Molecular Vascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Gareev I, Kudriashov V, Sufianov A, Begliarzade S, Ilyasova T, Liang Y, Beylerli O. The role of long non-coding RNA ANRIL in the development of atherosclerosis. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:212-216. [PMID: 36157350 PMCID: PMC9467859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important pathological basis of coronary heart disease, and the antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) is located in the genetically susceptible segment with the strongest correlation with it - the short arm 2 region 1 of chromosome 9 (Chr9p21). ANRIL can produce linear, circular and other transcripts through different transcriptional splicing methods, which can regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of related cells and closely related to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Linear ANRIL can regulate proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in plaques by chromatin modification, as well as affecting on proliferation and the apoptosis of macrophages at the transcriptional level; circular ANRIL can affect on proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs by chromatin modification as well as interfering with rRNA maturation. In this review we describe the evolutionary characteristics of ANRIL, the formation and structure of transcripts, and the mechanism by which each transcript regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular cells and then participates in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | | | - Albert Sufianov
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Sema Begliarzade
- Republican Clinical Perinatal Center, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450106, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Yanchao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
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14
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Qualification of Necroptosis-Related lncRNA to Forecast the Treatment Outcome, Immune Response, and Therapeutic Effect of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3283343. [PMID: 36226251 PMCID: PMC9550517 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3283343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is considered as a highly immune infiltrative tumor. Necroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death associated with a wide range of diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in gene regulation and immune function. lncRNA associated with necroptosis could systematically explore the prognostic value, regulate tumor microenvironment (TME), etc. Method The patients' data was collected from TCGA datasets. We used the univariate Cox regression (UCR) to select prediction lncRNAs that are related to necroptosis. Meanwhile, risk models were constructed using LASSO Cox regression (LCR). Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis, accompanied with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, was performed to assess the independent risk factors of different clinical characteristics. The evaluated factors are age, gender, disease staging, grade, and their related risk score. Databases such as Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to search the probable biological characteristics that could influence the risk groups, containing signaling pathway and immue-related pathways. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was chosen to perform gene set variation analysis (GSVA), and the GSEABase package was selected to detect the immune and inflammatory infiltration profiles. The TIDE and IC50 evaluation were used to estimate the effectiveness of clinical treatment on KIRC. Results Based on the above analysis, we have got a conclusion that patients who show high risk had higher immune infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, and poorer prognosis. We identified 19 novel prognostic necroptosis-related lncRNAs, which could offer opinions for a deeper study of KIRC. Conclusion The risk model we constructed makes it possible to predict the prognosis of KIRC patients and offers directions for further research on the prognostication and treatment strategies for KIRC.
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15
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Xu S, Lyu QR, Ilyas I, Tian XY, Weng J. Vascular homeostasis in atherosclerosis: A holistic overview. Front Immunol 2022; 13:976722. [PMID: 36172381 PMCID: PMC9512393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.976722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis refers to the deposition of lipids and the co-existence of inflammation and impaired inflammation resolution in pan-vasculature, which causes lumen narrowing, hardening, plaque formation, and the manifestation of acute cardiovascular events. Emerging evidence has suggested that vascular circulation can be viewed as a complex homeostatic system analogous to a mini-ecosystem which consists of the vascular microenvironment (niche) and the crosstalk among phenotypically and functionally diverse vascular cell types. Here, we elucidate how cell components in the vascular wall affect vascular homeostasis, structure, function, and atherosclerosis in a holistic perspective. Finally, we discuss the potential role of vascular-stabilizing strategies including pharmacotherapies, natural substances and lifestyle modifications, in preventing cardiovascular diseases by preserving vascular integrity and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Suowen Xu, ; Jianping Weng,
| | - Qing Rex Lyu
- Medical Research Institute, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Suowen Xu, ; Jianping Weng,
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16
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Wu Z, Zhang F, Wang Y, Lu Z, Lin C. Identification and Validation of the lncRNA MYOSLID as a Regulating Factor of Necroptosis and Immune Cell Infiltration in Colorectal Cancer following Necroptosis-Related LncRNA Model Establishment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184364. [PMID: 36139524 PMCID: PMC9496742 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of deaths due to cancer. In this study, we developed a neural model based on only four lncRNAs to predict the overall survival rate of colorectal cancer patients. Moreover, we validated the value of analysing the lncRNA MYOSLID, one of the hub lncRNAs in our model, which promotes colorectal cancer by regulating necroptosis. Our study offered some essential insights into predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients and may help to assist diagnosis and treatment in the future. Abstract Necroptosis is a newly defined form of programmed cell death that plays an important role in cancers. However, necroptosis-related lncRNAs (NRLs) involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not yet been thoroughly studied. Methods: In this study, a 4-NRL model was developed based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. A series of informatic, in vitro and in vivo analyses were applied to validate the prognostic value of the model and the potential function of the hub lncRNA MYOSLID. Results: The model exhibited an excellent capacity for the prediction of overall survival and other clinicopathological features of CRC patients using Kaplan–Meier (K–M) survival curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Furthermore, a significant difference in the levels of immune cells, such as CD4 memory T cells and activated mast cells, between two risk groups was observed. The low-risk patients had a higher expression of immune checkpoints, such as PDCD1 (PD-1) and CD274 (PD-L1). The levels of MYOSLID, a hub lncRNA in our model, were higher in CRC tissues than in normal tissues. Knockdown of MYOSLID induced necroptosis and inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, knockdown of MYOSLID also increased the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in subcutaneously transplanted tumours. Conclusion: Our model is a promising biomarker that can be used to predict clinical outcomes in CRC patients, and MYOSLID plays an important role in regulating necroptosis and immune cell infiltration in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wu
- Department of Health Management, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Health Management, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Health Management, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Zhixing Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Enterofistula Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Changwei Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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17
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Lu BH, Liu HB, Guo SX, Zhang J, Li DX, Chen ZG, Lin F, Zhao GA. Long non-coding RNAs: Modulators of phenotypic transformation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:959955. [PMID: 36093159 PMCID: PMC9458932 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.959955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) are longer than 200 nucleotides and cannot encode proteins but can regulate the expression of genes through epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional modifications. The pathophysiology of smooth muscle cells can lead to many vascular diseases, and studies have shown that lncRNAs can regulate the phenotypic conversion of smooth muscle cells so that smooth muscle cells proliferate, migrate, and undergo apoptosis, thereby affecting the development and prognosis of vascular diseases. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA as a signal, bait, stent, guide, and other functions to regulate the phenotypic conversion of vascular smooth muscle cells, and summarizes the role of lncRNAs in regulating vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis, hypertension, aortic dissection, vascular restenosis, and aneurysms, providing new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Han Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Hui-Bing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
- Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shu-Xun Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Dong-Xu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Lin
| | - Guo-An Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
- Guo-An Zhao
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18
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Deshpande A, Shetty PMV, Frey N, Rangrez AY. SRF: a seriously responsible factor in cardiac development and disease. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:38. [PMID: 35681202 PMCID: PMC9185982 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms that regulate embryogenesis and cardiac development are calibrated by multiple signal transduction pathways within or between different cell lineages via autocrine or paracrine mechanisms of action. The heart is the first functional organ to form during development, which highlights the importance of this organ in later stages of growth. Knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms underlying cardiac development and adult cardiac homeostasis paves the way for discovering therapeutic possibilities for cardiac disease treatment. Serum response factor (SRF) is a major transcription factor that controls both embryonic and adult cardiac development. SRF expression is needed through the duration of development, from the first mesodermal cell in a developing embryo to the last cell damaged by infarction in the myocardium. Precise regulation of SRF expression is critical for mesoderm formation and cardiac crescent formation in the embryo, and altered SRF levels lead to cardiomyopathies in the adult heart, suggesting the vital role played by SRF in cardiac development and disease. This review provides a detailed overview of SRF and its partners in their various functions and discusses the future scope and possible therapeutic potential of SRF in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Deshpande
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Prithviraj Manohar Vijaya Shetty
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ashraf Yusuf Rangrez
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
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19
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Juni RP, ’t Hart KC, Houtkooper RH, Boon R. Long non‐coding RNAs in cardiometabolic disorders. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1367-1387. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rio P. Juni
- Department of Physiology Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Kelly C. ’t Hart
- Department of Physiology Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases Amsterdam University Medical Centers; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, University of Amsterdam Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Riekelt H. Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases Amsterdam University Medical Centers; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, University of Amsterdam Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Reinier Boon
- Department of Physiology Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration Centre for Molecular Medicine Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research DZHK Partner site Frankfurt Rhein/Main Frankfurt am Main Germany
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20
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Kitagawa A, Jacob C, Gupte SA. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and MEG3 controls hypoxia-induced expression of serum response factor (SRF) and SRF-dependent genes in pulmonary smooth muscle cell. J Smooth Muscle Res 2022; 58:34-49. [PMID: 35491127 PMCID: PMC9057900 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.58.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although hypoxia induces aberrant gene expression and dedifferentiation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), mechanisms that alter dedifferentiation gene expression by hypoxia remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to gain insight into the hypoxia-controlled gene expression in SMCs. We conducted studies using SMCs cultured in 3% oxygen (hypoxia) and the lungs of mice exposed to 10% oxygen (hypoxia). Our results suggest hypoxia upregulated expression of transcription factor CP2-like protein1, krüppel-like factor 4, and E2f transcription factor 1 enriched genes including basonuclin 2 (Bcn2), serum response factor (Srf), polycomb 3 (Cbx8), homeobox D9 (Hoxd9), lysine demethylase 1A (Kdm1a), etc. Additionally, we found that silencing glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) expression and inhibiting G6PD activity downregulated Srf transcript and hypomethylation of SMC genes (Myocd, Myh11, and Cnn1) and concomitantly increased their expression in the lungs of hypoxic mice. Furthermore, G6PD inhibition hypomethylated MEG3, a long non-coding RNA, gene and upregulated MEG3 expression in the lungs of hypoxic mice and in hypoxic SMCs. Silencing MEG3 expression in SMC mitigated the hypoxia-induced transcription of SRF. These findings collectively demonstrate that MEG3 and G6PD codependently regulate Srf expression in hypoxic SMCs. Moreover, G6PD inhibition upregulated SRF-MYOCD-driven gene expression, determinant of a differentiated SMC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kitagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, BSB 546, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Christina Jacob
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, BSB 546, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Sachin A Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, BSB 546, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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21
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Lozano-Velasco E, Garcia-Padilla C, del Mar Muñoz-Gallardo M, Martinez-Amaro FJ, Caño-Carrillo S, Castillo-Casas JM, Sanchez-Fernandez C, Aranega AE, Franco D. Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Molecular Determinants during Cardiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052839. [PMID: 35269981 PMCID: PMC8911333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular development is initiated soon after gastrulation as bilateral precardiac mesoderm is progressively symmetrically determined at both sides of the developing embryo. The precardiac mesoderm subsequently fused at the embryonic midline constituting an embryonic linear heart tube. As development progress, the embryonic heart displays the first sign of left-right asymmetric morphology by the invariably rightward looping of the initial heart tube and prospective embryonic ventricular and atrial chambers emerged. As cardiac development progresses, the atrial and ventricular chambers enlarged and distinct left and right compartments emerge as consequence of the formation of the interatrial and interventricular septa, respectively. The last steps of cardiac morphogenesis are represented by the completion of atrial and ventricular septation, resulting in the configuration of a double circuitry with distinct systemic and pulmonary chambers, each of them with distinct inlets and outlets connections. Over the last decade, our understanding of the contribution of multiple growth factor signaling cascades such as Tgf-beta, Bmp and Wnt signaling as well as of transcriptional regulators to cardiac morphogenesis have greatly enlarged. Recently, a novel layer of complexity has emerged with the discovery of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and lncRNAs. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art review of the contribution of non-coding RNAs during cardiac development. microRNAs and lncRNAs have been reported to functional modulate all stages of cardiac morphogenesis, spanning from lateral plate mesoderm formation to outflow tract septation, by modulating major growth factor signaling pathways as well as those transcriptional regulators involved in cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Zoology, School of Medicine, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Maria del Mar Muñoz-Gallardo
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Francisco Jose Martinez-Amaro
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Sheila Caño-Carrillo
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Juan Manuel Castillo-Casas
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Cristina Sanchez-Fernandez
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Amelia E. Aranega
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (C.G.-P.); (M.d.M.M.-G.); (F.J.M.-A.); (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (A.E.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18007 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
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22
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Katsoula G, Steinberg J, Tuerlings M, de Almeida RC, Southam L, Swift D, Meulenbelt I, Wilkinson JM, Zeggini E. A molecular map of long non-coding RNA expression, isoform switching and alternative splicing in osteoarthritis. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2090-2105. [PMID: 35088088 PMCID: PMC9239745 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a prevalent joint disease and a major cause of disability worldwide with no curative therapy. Development of disease-modifying therapies requires a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning disease. A hallmark of osteoarthritis is cartilage degradation. To define molecular events characterizing osteoarthritis at the whole transcriptome level, we performed deep RNA sequencing in paired samples of low- and high-osteoarthritis grade knee cartilage derived from 124 patients undergoing total joint replacement. We detected differential expression between low- and high-osteoarthritis grade articular cartilage for 365 genes and identified a 38-gene signature in osteoarthritis cartilage by replicating our findings in an independent dataset. We also found differential expression for 25 novel long non-coding RNA genes (lncRNAs) and identified potential lncRNA interactions with RNA-binding proteins in osteoarthritis. We assessed alterations in the relative usage of individual gene transcripts and identified differential transcript usage for 82 genes, including ABI3BP, coding for an extracellular matrix protein, AKT1S1, a negative regulator of the mTOR pathway and TPRM4, coding for a transient receptor potential channel. We further assessed genome-wide differential splicing, for the first time in osteoarthritis, and detected differential splicing for 209 genes, which were enriched for extracellular matrix, proteoglycans and integrin surface interactions terms. In the largest study of its kind in osteoarthritis, we find that isoform and splicing changes, in addition to extensive differences in both coding and non-coding sequence expression, are associated with disease and demonstrate a novel layer of genomic complexity to osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Katsoula
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Graduate School of Experimental Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Steinberg
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,Daffodil Centre, University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margo Tuerlings
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Diane Swift
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Metabolic Bone Unit, Sorby Wing Northern General Hospital Sheffield, S5 7AU, United Kingdom
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Metabolic Bone Unit, Sorby Wing Northern General Hospital Sheffield, S5 7AU, United Kingdom
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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23
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Zhang F, Guo X, Xia Y, Mao L. An update on the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:6. [PMID: 34936041 PMCID: PMC11072026 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are involved in phenotypic switching in atherosclerosis. This switching is characterized by VSMC dedifferentiation, migration, and transdifferentiation into other cell types. VSMC phenotypic transitions have historically been considered bidirectional processes. Cells can adopt a physiological contraction phenotype or an alternative "synthetic" phenotype in response to injury. However, recent studies, including lineage tracing and single-cell sequencing studies, have shown that VSMCs downregulate contraction markers during atherosclerosis while adopting other phenotypes, including macrophage-like, foam cell, mesenchymal stem-like, myofibroblast-like, and osteochondral-like phenotypes. However, the molecular mechanism and processes regulating the switching of VSMCs at the onset of atherosclerosis are still unclear. This systematic review aims to review the critical outstanding challenges and issues that need further investigation and summarize the current knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yuanpeng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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24
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Dong K, Shen J, He X, Hu G, Wang L, Osman I, Bunting KM, Dixon-Melvin R, Zheng Z, Xin H, Xiang M, Vazdarjanova A, Fulton DJR, Zhou J. CARMN Is an Evolutionarily Conserved Smooth Muscle Cell-Specific LncRNA That Maintains Contractile Phenotype by Binding Myocardin. Circulation 2021; 144:1856-1875. [PMID: 34694145 PMCID: PMC8726016 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.055949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular homeostasis is maintained by the differentiated phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The landscape of protein coding genes comprising the transcriptome of differentiated VSMCs has been intensively investigated but many gaps remain including the emerging roles of noncoding genes. METHODS We reanalyzed large-scale, publicly available bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets from multiple tissues and cell types to identify VSMC-enriched long noncoding RNAs. The in vivo expression pattern of a novel smooth muscle cell (SMC)-expressed long noncoding RNA, Carmn (cardiac mesoderm enhancer-associated noncoding RNA), was investigated using a novel Carmn green fluorescent protein knock-in reporter mouse model. Bioinformatics and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis were used to assess CARMN expression changes during VSMC phenotypic modulation in human and murine vascular disease models. In vitro, functional assays were performed by knocking down CARMN with antisense oligonucleotides and overexpressing Carmn by adenovirus in human coronary artery SMCs. Carotid artery injury was performed in SMC-specific Carmn knockout mice to assess neointima formation and the therapeutic potential of reversing CARMN loss was tested in a rat carotid artery balloon injury model. The molecular mechanisms underlying CARMN function were investigated using RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS We identified CARMN, which was initially annotated as the host gene of the MIR143/145 cluster and recently reported to play a role in cardiac differentiation, as a highly abundant and conserved, SMC-specific long noncoding RNA. Analysis of the Carmn GFP knock-in mouse model confirmed that Carmn is transiently expressed in embryonic cardiomyocytes and thereafter becomes restricted to SMCs. We also found that Carmn is transcribed independently of Mir143/145. CARMN expression is dramatically decreased by vascular disease in humans and murine models and regulates the contractile phenotype of VSMCs in vitro. In vivo, SMC-specific deletion of Carmn significantly exacerbated, whereas overexpression of Carmn markedly attenuated, injury-induced neointima formation in mouse and rat, respectively. Mechanistically, we found that Carmn physically binds to the key transcriptional cofactor myocardin, facilitating its activity and thereby maintaining the contractile phenotype of VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS CARMN is an evolutionarily conserved SMC-specific long noncoding RNA with a previously unappreciated role in maintaining the contractile phenotype of VSMCs and is the first noncoding RNA discovered to interact with myocardin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Islam Osman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Kristopher M. Bunting
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Rachael Dixon-Melvin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Zeqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Hongbo Xin
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Meixiang Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Almira Vazdarjanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - David J. R. Fulton
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
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25
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Liu L, Rippe C, Hansson O, Kryvokhyzha D, Fisher S, Ekman M, Swärd K. Regulation of the Muscarinic M 3 Receptor by Myocardin-Related Transcription Factors. Front Physiol 2021; 12:710968. [PMID: 34539433 PMCID: PMC8446542 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.710968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs: myocardin/MYOCD, MRTF-A/MRTFA, and MRTF-B/MRTFB) are co-factors of serum response factor (SRF) that activate the smooth muscle cell (SMC) gene program and that play roles in cardiovascular development and mechanobiology. Gain and loss of function experiments have defined the SMC gene program under control of MRTFs, yet full understanding of their impact is lacking. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the muscarinic M3 receptor (CHRM3) is regulated by MRTFs together with SRF. Forced expression of MYOCD (8d) in human coronary artery (SMC) followed by RNA-sequencing showed increased levels of M2, M3, and M5 receptors (CHRM2: 2-fold, CHRM3: 16-fold, and CHRM5: 2-fold). The effect of MYOCD on M3 was confirmed by RT-qPCR using both coronary artery and urinary bladder SMCs, and correlation analyses using human transcriptomic datasets suggested that M3 may also be regulated by MRTF-B. Head-to-head comparisons of MYOCD, MRTF-A and MRTF-B, argued that while all MRTFs are effective, MRTF-B is the most powerful transactivator of CHRM3, causing a 600-fold increase at 120h. Accordingly, MRTF-B conferred responsiveness to the muscarinic agonist carbachol in Ca2+ imaging experiments. M3 was suppressed on treatment with the MRTF-SRF inhibitor CCG-1423 using SMCs transduced with either MRTF-A or MRTF-B and using intact mouse esophagus in culture (by 92±2%). Moreover, silencing of SRF with a short hairpin reduced CHRM3 (by >60%) in parallel with α-actin (ACTA2). Tamoxifen inducible knockout of Srf in smooth muscle reduced Srf (by 54±4%) and Chrm3 (by 41±6%) in the urinary bladder at 10days, but Srf was much less reduced or unchanged in aorta, ileum, colon, trachea, and esophagus. Longer induction (21d) further accentuated the reduction of Chrm3 in the bladder and ileum, but no change was seen in the aorta. Single cell RNA-sequencing revealed that Mrtfb dominates in ECs, while Myocd dominates in SMCs, raising the possibility that Chrm3 may be driven by Mrtfb-Srf in the endothelium and by Myocd-Srf in SMCs. These findings define a novel transcriptional control mechanism for muscarinic M3 receptors in human cells, and in mice, that could be targeted for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Urology, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Catarina Rippe
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ola Hansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dmytro Kryvokhyzha
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Steven Fisher
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology and Biophysics, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mari Ekman
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karl Swärd
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
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26
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Ni H, Haemmig S, Deng Y, Chen J, Simion V, Yang D, Sukhova G, Shvartz E, Wara AKMK, Cheng HS, Pérez-Cremades D, Assa C, Sausen G, Zhuang R, Dai Q, Feinberg MW. A Smooth Muscle Cell-Enriched Long Noncoding RNA Regulates Cell Plasticity and Atherosclerosis by Interacting With Serum Response Factor. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2399-2416. [PMID: 34289702 PMCID: PMC8387455 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) plasticity plays a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in the vessel wall and impact cellular function through diverse interactors. However, the role of lncRNAs in regulating VSMCs plasticity and atherosclerosis remains unclear. Approach and Results We identified a VSMC-enriched lncRNA cardiac mesoderm enhancer-associated noncoding RNA (CARMN) that is dynamically regulated with progression of atherosclerosis. In both mouse and human atherosclerotic plaques, CARMN colocalized with VSMCs and was expressed in the nucleus. Knockdown of CARMN using antisense oligonucleotides in Ldlr−/− mice significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation by 38% and suppressed VSMCs proliferation by 45% without affecting apoptosis. In vitro CARMN gain- and loss-of-function studies verified effects on VSMC proliferation, migration, and differentiation. TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-beta) induced CARMN expression in a Smad2/3-dependent manner. CARMN regulated VSMC plasticity independent of the miR143/145 cluster, which is located in close proximity to the CARMN locus. Mechanistically, lncRNA pulldown in combination with mass spectrometry analysis showed that the nuclear-localized CARMN interacted with SRF (serum response factor) through a specific 600–1197 nucleotide domain. CARMN enhanced SRF occupancy on the promoter regions of its downstream VSMC targets. Finally, knockdown of SRF abolished the regulatory role of CARMN in VSMC plasticity. Conclusions The lncRNA CARMN is a critical regulator of VSMC plasticity and atherosclerosis. These findings highlight the role of a lncRNA in SRF-dependent signaling and provide implications for a range of chronic vascular occlusive disease states.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Cell Line
- Cell Movement
- Cell Plasticity
- Cell Proliferation
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Receptors, LDL/deficiency
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Serum Response Factor/genetics
- Serum Response Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaner Ni
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Stefan Haemmig
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yihuan Deng
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jingshu Chen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Viorel Simion
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dafeng Yang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Galina Sukhova
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eugenia Shvartz
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - AKM Khyrul Wara
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Henry S Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Pérez-Cremades
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carmel Assa
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Grasiele Sausen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rulin Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qiuyan Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Mark W. Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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27
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Tanwar VS, Reddy MA, Natarajan R. Emerging Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Diabetic Vascular Complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:665811. [PMID: 34234740 PMCID: PMC8255808 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.665811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes are associated with accelerated rates of macrovascular and microvascular complications, which are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Further understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms can aid in the development of novel drug targets and therapies to manage these disorders more effectively. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that do not have protein-coding potential are expressed in a tissue- and species-specific manner and regulate diverse biological processes. LncRNAs regulate gene expression in cis or in trans through various mechanisms, including interaction with chromatin-modifying proteins and other regulatory proteins and via posttranscriptional mechanisms, including acting as microRNA sponges or as host genes of microRNAs. Emerging evidence suggests that major pathological factors associated with diabetes such as high glucose, free fatty acids, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors can dysregulate lncRNAs in inflammatory, cardiac, vascular, and renal cells leading to altered expression of key inflammatory genes and fibrotic genes associated with diabetic vascular complications. Here we review recent reports on lncRNA characterization, functions, and mechanisms of action in diabetic vascular complications and translational approaches to target them. These advances can provide new insights into the lncRNA-dependent actions and mechanisms underlying diabetic vascular complications and uncover novel lncRNA-based biomarkers and therapies to reduce disease burden and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
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28
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Meng DF, Shao H, Feng CB. LINC00894 Enhances the Progression of Breast Cancer by Sponging miR-429 to Regulate ZEB1 Expression. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3395-3407. [PMID: 34079285 PMCID: PMC8164724 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s277284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to regulate tumorigenesis. Although breast cancer tissues show a high expression of LINC00894, its specific biological role in breast cancer progression is still unknown. In this study, lncRNA microarray was used to analyze the lncRNA expression in breast cancer tissues, and LINC00894 was selected for further analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of LINC00894 in 45 pairs of breast cancer tissues and normal tissues obtained from patients with breast cancer was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, while proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells were assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), EdU assay, colony formation experiment, and transwell assays. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and bioinformatics analysis were employed to detect potential targets of LINC00894. Additionally, RNA Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation (RIP) and Western blot assays were utilized to clarify its interaction and roles in the regulation of breast cancer progression. RESULTS High expression of LINC00894 was observed in breast cancer cells, and its overexpression significantly expedited cell proliferation and invasion. Moreover, LINC00894 positively regulated the expression of ZEB1 by competitively binding to miR-429. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggest that LINC00894 competitively binds to miR-429 to mediate ZEB1 expression; consequently, it is implicated to play a role in the progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-feng Meng
- Department of Oncology Surgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Shao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan-bo Feng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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29
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Rippe C, Morén B, Liu L, Stenkula KG, Mustaniemi J, Wennström M, Swärd K. NG2/CSPG4, CD146/MCAM and VAP1/AOC3 are regulated by myocardin-related transcription factors in smooth muscle cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5955. [PMID: 33727640 PMCID: PMC7966398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work addressed the hypothesis that NG2/CSPG4, CD146/MCAM, and VAP1/AOC3 are target genes of myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs: myocardin/MYOCD, MRTF-A/MKL1, MRTF-B/MKL2) and serum response factor (SRF). Using a bioinformatics approach, we found that CSPG4, MCAM, and AOC3 correlate with MYOCD, MRTF-A/MKL1, and SRF across human tissues. No other transcription factor correlated as strongly with these transcripts as SRF. Overexpression of MRTFs increased both mRNA and protein levels of CSPG4, MCAM, and AOC3 in cultured human smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Imaging confirmed increased staining for CSPG4, MCAM, and AOC3 in MRTF-A/MKL1-transduced cells. MRTFs exert their effects through SRF, and the MCAM and AOC3 gene loci contained binding sites for SRF. SRF silencing reduced the transcript levels of these genes, and time-courses of induction paralleled the direct target ACTA2. MRTF-A/MKL1 increased the activity of promoter reporters for MCAM and AOC3, and transcriptional activation further depended on the chromatin remodeling enzyme KDM3A. CSPG4, MCAM, and AOC3 responded to the MRTF-SRF inhibitor CCG-1423, to actin dynamics, and to ternary complex factors. Coincidental detection of these proteins should reflect MRTF-SRF activity, and beyond SMCs, we observed co-expression of CD146/MCAM, NG2/CSPG4, and VAP1/AOC3 in pericytes and endothelial cells in the human brain. This work identifies highly responsive vascular target genes of MRTF-SRF signaling that are regulated via a mechanism involving KDM3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Rippe
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Morén
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Urology, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Karin G Stenkula
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Mustaniemi
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Wennström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karl Swärd
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden.
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30
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Bennett M, Ulitsky I, Alloza I, Vandenbroeck K, Miscianinov V, Mahmoud AD, Ballantyne M, Rodor J, Baker AH. Novel Transcript Discovery Expands the Repertoire of Pathologically-Associated, Long Non-Coding RNAs in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1484. [PMID: 33540814 PMCID: PMC7867340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) provide vital contractile force within blood vessel walls, yet can also propagate cardiovascular pathologies through proliferative and pro-inflammatory activities. Such phenotypes are driven, in part, by the diverse effects of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) on gene expression. However, lncRNA characterisation in VSMCs in pathological states is hampered by incomplete lncRNA representation in reference annotation. We aimed to improve lncRNA representation in such contexts by assembling non-reference transcripts in RNA sequencing datasets describing VSMCs stimulated in vitro with cytokines, growth factors, or mechanical stress, as well as those isolated from atherosclerotic plaques. All transcripts were then subjected to a rigorous lncRNA prediction pipeline. We substantially improved coverage of lncRNAs responding to pro-mitogenic stimuli, with non-reference lncRNAs contributing 21-32% for each dataset. We also demonstrate non-reference lncRNAs were biased towards enriched expression within VSMCs, and transcription from enhancer sites, suggesting particular relevance to VSMC processes, and the regulation of neighbouring protein-coding genes. Both VSMC-enriched and enhancer-transcribed lncRNAs were large components of lncRNAs responding to pathological stimuli, yet without novel transcript discovery 33-46% of these lncRNAs would remain hidden. Our comprehensive VSMC lncRNA repertoire allows proper prioritisation of candidates for characterisation and exemplifies a strategy to broaden our knowledge of lncRNA across a range of disease states.
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MESH Headings
- Aorta/cytology
- Coronary Vessels/cytology
- Cytokines/pharmacology
- Datasets as Topic
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/analysis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/isolation & purification
- RNA-Seq
- Stress, Mechanical
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bennett
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
| | - Iraide Alloza
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces Plaza, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (K.V.)
| | - Koen Vandenbroeck
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces Plaza, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 3 María Díaz Haroko Kalea, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Vladislav Miscianinov
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Amira Dia Mahmoud
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Margaret Ballantyne
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Julie Rodor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
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31
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Yang X, Yang Y, Guo J, Meng Y, Li M, Yang P, Liu X, Aung LHH, Yu T, Li Y. Targeting the epigenome in in-stent restenosis: from mechanisms to therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:1136-1160. [PMID: 33664994 PMCID: PMC7896131 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. The introduction of percutaneous revascularization has revolutionized the therapy of patients with CAD. Despite the advent of drug-eluting stents, restenosis remains the main challenge in treating patients with CAD. In-stent restenosis (ISR) indicates the reduction in lumen diameter after percutaneous coronary intervention, in which the vessel's lumen re-narrowing is attributed to the aberrant proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and dysregulation of endothelial cells (ECs). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that epigenetics is involved in the occurrence and progression of ISR. In this review, we provide the latest and comprehensive analysis of three separate but related epigenetic mechanisms regulating ISR, namely, DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. Initially, we discuss the mechanism of restenosis. Furthermore, we discuss the biological mechanism underlying the diverse epigenetic modifications modulating gene expression and functions of VSMCs, as well as ECs in ISR. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets of the small molecule inhibitors of cardiovascular epigenetic factors. A more detailed understanding of epigenetic regulation is essential for elucidating this complex biological process, which will assist in developing and improving ISR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Panyu Yang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lynn Htet Htet Aung
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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32
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Lyu QR, Yao P, Miano JM. Generating a CRISPR knockout mouse through a strong premature termination codon: a cautionary tale. J Biomed Res 2021; 35:174-178. [PMID: 33797417 PMCID: PMC8038525 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.34.20200106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Rex Lyu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.,Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Joseph M Miano
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.,Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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33
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Fan C, Cui X, Chen S, Huang S, Jiang H. LncRNA LOC100912373 modulates PDK1 expression by sponging miR-17-5p to promote the proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7709-7723. [PMID: 33437356 PMCID: PMC7791483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease and characterized by chronic inflammation, abnormal synovial cell proliferation, and joint swelling and tenderness, and it causes patients substantial pain. To date, the pathogenesis of RA remains unclear, and specific treatment is still lacking in the clinic. Evidence from previous research indicated that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LOC100912373 is a key lncRNA and involved in RA. However, our understanding of the specific mechanism of lncRNA LOC100912373 in RA development and progression is still in its infancy. In this study, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were cultured by enzyme-dispersed and substrate-attached explant methods. The MTT method, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to determine the effect of lncRNA LOC100912373 on FLSs. The expression of key genes such as lncRNA LOC100912373, miR-17-5p, PDK1 and AKT in FLSs was detected by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence and Western blot. The localization of lncRNA LOC100912373 was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The specific targeting relationship between lncRNA LOC100912373 and miR-17-5p/PDK1 was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter gene analysis. The results showed that lncRNA LOC100912373 localized in the cytoplasm and was highly expressed in the synovial tissues and FLSs of AA rats. LncRNA LOC100912373 overexpression promoted the proliferation of FLSs. In addition, lncRNA LOC100912373 could bind to miR-17-5p, and the expression of lncRNA LOC100912373 was negatively correlated with miR-17-5p and positively correlated with PDK1/AKT. In conclusion, lncRNA LOC100912373 may upregulate the expression of PDK1 by sponging miR-17-5p, accelerating the phosphorylation of AKT and inducing the proliferation of FLSs, thus promoting the occurrence and development of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Fan
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoya Cui
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sen Chen
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shaopeng Huang
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- The Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Applied Basis and Development of Internal Medicine of Modern Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
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34
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Zheng JP, He X, Liu F, Yin S, Wu S, Yang M, Zhao J, Dai X, Jiang H, Yu L, Yin Q, Ju D, Li C, Lipovich L, Xie Y, Zhang K, Li HJ, Zhou J, Li L. YY1 directly interacts with myocardin to repress the triad myocardin/SRF/CArG box-mediated smooth muscle gene transcription during smooth muscle phenotypic modulation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21781. [PMID: 33311559 PMCID: PMC7732823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yin Yang 1 (YY1) regulates gene transcription in a variety of biological processes. In this study, we aim to determine the role of YY1 in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation both in vivo and in vitro. Here we show that vascular injury in rodent carotid arteries induces YY1 expression along with reduced expression of smooth muscle differentiation markers in the carotids. Consistent with this finding, YY1 expression is induced in differentiated VSMCs in response to serum stimulation. To determine the underlying molecular mechanisms, we found that YY1 suppresses the transcription of CArG box-dependent SMC-specific genes including SM22α, SMα-actin and SMMHC. Interestingly, YY1 suppresses the transcriptional activity of the SM22α promoter by hindering the binding of serum response factor (SRF) to the proximal CArG box. YY1 also suppresses the transcription and the transactivation of myocardin (MYOCD), a master regulator for SMC-specific gene transcription by binding to SRF to form the MYOCD/SRF/CArG box triad (known as the ternary complex). Mechanistically, YY1 directly interacts with MYOCD to competitively displace MYOCD from SRF. This is the first evidence showing that YY1 inhibits SMC differentiation by directly targeting MYOCD. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into the regulatory mechanisms that govern SMC phenotypic modulation in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Pu Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Shuping Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Shichao Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Maozhou Yang
- Bone and Joint Center, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Xiaohua Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Luyi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Donghong Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Claire Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Leonard Lipovich
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Youming Xie
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Hui J Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield Ave. #2146, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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35
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Alexanian M, Ounzain S. Long Noncoding RNAs in Cardiac Development. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a037374. [PMID: 31932317 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The exquisite transcriptional control of developmental gene programs is critical for hardwiring the complex expression patterns that govern cell-fate determination and differentiation during heart development. During the past several years, studies have illuminated our understanding of a complex noncoding transcriptional landscape, primarily associated with long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), that is implicated in these developmental processes and has begun to reveal key functions of these transcripts. In this review, we discuss the expanding roles for lncRNAs in the earliest points of cardiac development and through differentiation and maturation of multiple cell types within the adult heart. We go on to outline the diverse mechanisms by which cardiovascular lncRNAs orchestrate these transcriptional programs, explore the challenges linked to the study of lncRNAs in developmental phenotypes, and summarize the implications for these molecules in human cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samir Ounzain
- HAYA Therapeutics SA, Lausanne, Vaud 1066, Switzerland
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36
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Wang F, Yang Q. Long Non-Coding RNA LINC01089 Enhances the Development of Gastric Cancer by Sponging miR-145-5p to Mediate SOX9 Expression. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9213-9224. [PMID: 32982308 PMCID: PMC7508032 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s249392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have potential regulatory effects in oncogenesis. Previous studies showed that several lncRNAs could participate in the progression of gastric cancer (GC). However, the specific biological mechanisms in GC are still unclear. We analyzed an lncRNA microarray of GC and selected LINC01089 for study. METHODS LINC01089 expression in GC was tested by qRT-PCR. GC cell proliferation was assessed using CCK-8 and EdU assays. Cell invasion was assessed using the Transwell assay. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and bioinformatics assay were performed to detect potential targets of LINC01089. Additionally, RNA immunoprecipitation and Western blot assays were performed to clarify their interactions and roles in the regulation of GC progression. RESULTS High LINC01089 expression was observed in GC cells. LINC01089 overexpression notably expedited cell migration, proliferation, and invasion. LINC01089 positively regulated SOX9 expression by competitively binding to microRNA (miR-145-5p). CONCLUSION LINC01089 competitively binds to miR-145-5p to mediate SOX9 expression. LINC01089 may participate in the progression of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Gastroenteropancreatic Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), A New Target in Stroke. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:501-519. [PMID: 32865676 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke has become the most disabling and the second most fatal disease in the world. It has been a top priority to reveal the pathophysiology of stroke at cellular and molecular levels. A large number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are identified to be abnormally expressed after stroke. Here, we summarize 35 lncRNAs associated with stroke, and clarify their functions on the prognosis through signal transduction and predictive values as biomarkers. Changes in the expression of these lncRNAs mediate a wide range of pathological processes in stroke, including apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and autophagy. Based on the exploration of the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in stroke, more timely, accurate predictions and more effective, safer treatments for stroke could be developed.
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38
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LncRNA ANRIL acts as a modular scaffold of WDR5 and HDAC3 complexes and promotes alteration of the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:435. [PMID: 32513988 PMCID: PMC7280314 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that long-noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is associated with cardiovascular disease, but its molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we explored the role of lncRNA ANRIL in ox-LDL-induced phenotypic transition of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC). The results of quantitative fluorescence PCR showed that the expression of ANRIL in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) was significantly higher than that in normal subjects. RNA-FISH detection showed that the ANRIL expression increased in HASMC treated by ox-LDL. Ox-LDL could upregulate the expression of ANRIL and ROS and promote the phenotypic transition of HASMC. After downregulation of ANRIL by siRNA, ROS level decreased and HASMC phenotypic transition alleviated. ANRIL could act as a molecular scaffold to promote the binding of WDR5 and HDAC3 to form WDR5 and HDAC3 complexes, they regulated target genes such as NOX1 expression by histone modification, upregulated ROS level and promote HASMC phenotype transition. Therefore, we found a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for phenotype transition of VSMC, ANRIL was a treatment target of occlusive vascular diseases.
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Maguire EM, Xiao Q. Noncoding RNAs in vascular smooth muscle cell function and neointimal hyperplasia. FEBS J 2020; 287:5260-5283. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eithne Margaret Maguire
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology William Harvey Research Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London UK
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology William Harvey Research Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London UK
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases at The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University China
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Bao H, Li H, Shi Q, Huang K, Chen X, Chen Y, Han Y, Xiao Q, Yao Q, Qi Y. Lamin A/C negatively regulated by miR-124-3p modulates apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells during cyclic stretch application in rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13374. [PMID: 31495066 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) influenced by abnormal cyclic stretch is crucial for vascular remodelling during hypertension. Lamin A/C, a nuclear envelope protein, is mechano-responsive, but the role of lamin A/C in VSMC apoptosis is still unclear. METHODS FX-5000T Strain Unit provided cyclic stretch (CS) in vitro. AnnexinV/PI and cleaved Caspase 3 ELISA detected apoptosis. qPCR was used to investigate the expression of miR-124-3p and a luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the ability of miR-124-3p binding to the Lmna 3'UTR. Protein changes of lamin A/C and relevant molecules were detected using western blot. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and Protein/DNA array detected the potential transcription factors. Renal hypertensive rats verified these changes. RESULTS High cyclic stretch (15%-CS) induced VSMC apoptosis and repressed lamin A/C expressions compared with normal (5%-CS) control. Downregulation of lamin A/C enhanced VSMC apoptosis. In addition, 15%-CS had no significant effect on mRNA expression of Lmna, and lamin A/C degradation was not induced by autophagy. 15%-CS elevated miR-124-3p bound to the 3'UTR of Lmna and negatively regulated protein expression of lamin A/C. Similar changes occurred in renal hypertensive rats compared with sham controls. Lamin A/C repression affected activity of TP53, CREB1, MYC, STAT1/5/6 and JUN, which may in turn affect apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that the decreased expression of lamin A/C upon abnormal cyclic stretch and hypertension may induce VSMC apoptosis. These mechano-responsive factors play important roles in VSMC apoptosis and might be novel therapeutic targets for vascular remodelling in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Bao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Hai‐Peng Li
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Qian Shi
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Kai Huang
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Xiao‐Hu Chen
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Yuan‐Xiu Chen
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Yue Han
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Qing‐Ping Yao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Ying‐Xin Qi
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China
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Mangum KD, Farber MA. Genetic and epigenetic regulation of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Clin Genet 2020; 97:815-826. [PMID: 31957007 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are focal dilations of the aorta that develop from degenerative changes in the media and adventitia of the vessel. Ruptured AAAs have a mortality of up to 85%, thus it is important to identify patients with AAA at increased risk for rupture who would benefit from increased surveillance and/or surgical repair. Although the exact genetic and epigenetic mechanisms regulating AAA formation are not completely understood, Mendelian cases of AAA, which result from pathologic variants in a single gene, have helped provide a basic understanding of AAA pathophysiology. More recently, genome wide associated studies (GWAS) have identified additional variants, termed single nucleotide polymorphisms, in humans that may be associated with AAAs. While some variants may be associated with AAAs and play causal roles in aneurysm pathogenesis, it should be emphasized that the majority of SNPs do not actually cause disease. In addition to GWAS, other studies have uncovered epigenetic causes of disease that regulate expression of genes known to be important in AAA pathogenesis. This review describes many of these genetic and epigenetic contributors of AAAs, which altogether provide a deeper insight into AAA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Mangum
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mark A Farber
- Division of Vascular Surgery, UNC Department of Surgery, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Yang S, Chen M, Lin C. A Novel lncRNA MYOSLID/miR-1286/RAB13 Axis Plays a Critical Role in Osteosarcoma Progression. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10345-10351. [PMID: 31849524 PMCID: PMC6911319 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s231376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a quite malignant bone cancer. However, how long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulates OS progression remains poorly investigated. The present study aims to illustrate the potential functions of lncRNA MYOSLID in the regulation of OS progression. Methods The expression of YOSLID, miR-1286 and RAB13 was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation was determined via CCK8 and colony formation assays. Transwell assay was used to examine migration and invasion. The luciferase reporter assay, RNA pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were utilized to detect the interactions among MYOSLID, miR-1286 and RAB13. Results The expression of MYOSLID was upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines. MYOSLID overexpression predicted poor prognosis in OS patients. MYOSLID knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells. MYOSLID was the sponge for miR-1286 and inhibited its expression while miR-1286 targeted RAB13 directly. MYOSLID promoted RAB13 expression via sponging miR-1286. Conclusion Our work demonstrated that the MYOSLID/miR-1286/RAB13 axis is a novel regulatory signaling in promoting OS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouhang Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian 325200, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian 325200, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanfu Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian 325200, People's Republic of China
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Wu ZY, Trenner M, Boon RA, Spin JM, Maegdefessel L. Long noncoding RNAs in key cellular processes involved in aortic aneurysms. Atherosclerosis 2019; 292:112-118. [PMID: 31785492 PMCID: PMC6949864 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm (AA) is a complex and dangerous vascular disease, featuring progressive and irreversible vessel dilatation. AA is typically detected either by screening, or identified incidentally through imaging studies. To date, no effective pharmacological therapies have been identified for clinical AA management, and either endovascular repair or open surgery remains the only option capable of preventing aneurysm rupture. In recent years, multiple research groups have endeavored to both identify noncoding RNAs and to clarify their function in vascular diseases, including aneurysmal pathologies. Notably, the molecular roles of noncoding RNAs in AA development appear to vary significantly between thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Some microRNAs (miRNA - a non-coding RNA subspecies) appear to contribute to AA pathophysiology, with some showing major potential for use as biomarkers or as therapeutic targets. Studies of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are more limited, and their specific contributions to disease development and progression largely remain unexplored. This review aims to summarize and discuss the most current data on lncRNAs and their mediation of AA pathophysiology. This current review covers studies that have identified long non-coding RNAs in aortic aneurysm development and progression. We separately discuss transcripts and mechanisms of importance to thoracic as well as abdominal aortic aneurysms. Functional data on lncRNAs being identified are highlighted. Some have been studied in human as well as experimental models of the disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Trenner
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinier A Boon
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands; Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, University Frankfurt, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Germany
| | - Joshua M Spin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Transcriptional control of a novel long noncoding RNA Mymsl in smooth muscle cells by a single Cis-element and its initial functional characterization in vessels. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 138:147-157. [PMID: 31751568 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.11.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are crucial in maintaining vascular homeostasis. While the coding transcriptome of the differentiated VSMC phenotype has been defined, we know little about its noncoding signature. Herein, we identified a Myocardin-induced muscle specific long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) (Mymsl) downregulated upon VSMC phenotypic modulation. We demonstrated an essential role of a proximal consensus CArG element in response to MYOCD/SRF in vitro. To validate the in vivo role of this CArG element, we generated CArG mutant mice via CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. While the CArG mutation had no impact on the expression of surrounding genes, it abolished Mymsl expression in SMCs, but not skeletal and cardiac muscle. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (ChIPs) showed decreased SRF binding to CArG region in mutants whereas the enrichment of H3K79Me2 remained the same. RNA-seq analysis showed a downregulation of matrix genes in aortas from Mymsl knockout mice, which was further validated in injured carotid arteries. Our study defined the transcriptional control of a novel lncRNA in SMCs via a single transcription factor binding site, which may offer a new strategy for generating SMC-specific knockout mouse models. We also provided in vivo evidence supporting the potential importance of Mymsl in vascular pathophysiology.
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Sweta S, Dudnakova T, Sudheer S, Baker AH, Bhushan R. Importance of Long Non-coding RNAs in the Development and Disease of Skeletal Muscle and Cardiovascular Lineages. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:228. [PMID: 31681761 PMCID: PMC6813187 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The early mammalian embryo is characterized by the presence of three germ layers-the outer ectoderm, middle mesoderm and inner endoderm. The mesoderm is organized into paraxial, intermediate and lateral plate mesoderm. The musculature, vasculature and heart of the adult body are the major derivatives of mesoderm. Tracing back the developmental process to generate these specialized tissues has sparked much interest in the field of regenerative medicine focusing on generating specialized tissues to treat patients with degenerative diseases. Several Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as regulators of development, proliferation and differentiation of various tissues of mesodermal origin. A better understanding of lncRNAs that can regulate the development of these tissues will open potential avenues for their therapeutic utility and enhance our knowledge about disease progression and development. In this review, we aim to summarize the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs regulating the early mesoderm differentiation, development and homeostasis of skeletal muscle and cardiovascular system with an emphasis on their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Sweta
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Tatiana Dudnakova
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Smita Sudheer
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Raghu Bhushan
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
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Das S, Zhang E, Senapati P, Amaram V, Reddy MA, Stapleton K, Leung A, Lanting L, Wang M, Chen Z, Kato M, Oh HJ, Guo Q, Zhang X, Zhang B, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Wang W, Wu Y, Natarajan R. A Novel Angiotensin II-Induced Long Noncoding RNA Giver Regulates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Proliferation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Circ Res 2019; 123:1298-1312. [PMID: 30566058 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AngII (angiotensin II)-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction plays a major role in hypertension. Long noncoding RNAs have elicited much interest, but their molecular roles in AngII actions and hypertension are unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the regulation and functions of a novel long noncoding RNA growth factor- and proinflammatory cytokine-induced vascular cell-expressed RNA ( Giver), in AngII-mediated VSMC dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS RNA-sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions revealed that treatment of rat VSMC with AngII increased the expression of Giver and Nr4a3, an adjacent gene encoding a nuclear receptor. Similar changes were observed in rat and mouse aortas treated ex vivo with AngII. RNA-FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) and subcellular fractionation showed predominantly nuclear localization of Giver. AngII increased Giver expression via recruitment of Nr4a3 to Giver promoter. Microarray profiling and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation in VSMC showed that Giver knockdown attenuated the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress ( Nox1) and inflammation ( Il6, Ccl2, Tnf) but increased Nr4a3. Conversely, endogenous Giver overexpression showed opposite effects supporting its role in oxidative stress and inflammation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed Giver overexpression also increased Pol II (RNA polymerase II) enrichment and decreased repressive histone modification histone H3 trimethylation on lysine 27 at Nox1 and inflammatory gene promoters. Accordingly, Giver knockdown inhibited AngII-induced oxidative stress and proliferation in rat VSMC. RNA-pulldown combined with mass spectrometry showed Giver interacts with nuclear and chromatin remodeling proteins and corepressors, including NONO (non-pou domain-containing octamer-binding protein). Moreover, NONO knockdown elicited similar effects as Giver knockdown on the expression of key Giver-regulated genes. Notably, GIVER and NR4A3 were increased in AngII-treated human VSMC and in arteries from hypertensive patients but attenuated in hypertensive patients treated with ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Furthermore, human GIVER also exhibits partial functional conservation with rat Giver. CONCLUSIONS Giver and its regulator Nr4a3 are important players in AngII-mediated VSMC dysfunction and could be novel targets for antihypertensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhan Das
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Erli Zhang
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA.,Department of Cardiology (E.Z., Q.G., X.Z., B.Z., H.Z., Q.Z., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center for Structural Heart Diseases (E.Z., W.W., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Parijat Senapati
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Vishnu Amaram
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA.,Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences (V.A., K.S., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Marpadga A Reddy
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Kenneth Stapleton
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA.,Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences (V.A., K.S., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Amy Leung
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Linda Lanting
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Mei Wang
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Zhuo Chen
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Mitsuo Kato
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Hyung Jung Oh
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Qianyun Guo
- Department of Cardiology (E.Z., Q.G., X.Z., B.Z., H.Z., Q.Z., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology (E.Z., Q.G., X.Z., B.Z., H.Z., Q.Z., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology (E.Z., Q.G., X.Z., B.Z., H.Z., Q.Z., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haitong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology (E.Z., Q.G., X.Z., B.Z., H.Z., Q.Z., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology (E.Z., Q.G., X.Z., B.Z., H.Z., Q.Z., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Structural Heart Diseases (E.Z., W.W., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjian Wu
- Department of Cardiology (E.Z., Q.G., X.Z., B.Z., H.Z., Q.Z., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center for Structural Heart Diseases (E.Z., W.W., Y.W.), State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rama Natarajan
- From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute (S.D., E.Z., P.S., V.A., M.A.R., K.S., A.L., L.L., M.W., Z.C., M.K., H.J.O., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA.,Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences (V.A., K.S., R.N.), Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
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Zhou S, Zhu K, Du Y, Jiang H, Li M, Wu P, Xu A, Ding X, Sun L, Cao C, Sun G, Wang R. Estrogen administration reduces the risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension by modulating the miR-133a signaling pathways in rats. Gene Ther 2019; 27:113-126. [PMID: 31562386 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-019-0103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate how estrogen (ES) is implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) potentially by reducing the extent of vascular remodeling in females. HE assay, Western Blot, IHC, and real-time PCR were carried out to observe the role of ES in regulating miR-133a expression and the levels of MYOSLID, SRF, CTGF, and vascular remodeling in rats. In addition, MTT assay and flow cytometry were utilized to observe how ES affects cell proliferation and cell cycle in PAH. Moreover, luciferase assays were carried out to clarity the regulatory relationship between miR-133a and its downstream targets. ES administration relieved the deregulation of miR-133a, MYOSLID, SRF, and CTGF in PAH rats. In addition, ES also reduced the thickening of blood vessels in PAH rats. ES could activate miR-133a promoter and arrest the cells in the G0/G1 cycle, thus dose-dependently suppressing the proliferation of cells. In addition, the presence of ES, MYOSLID siRNA, or miR-133a precursor all altered the expression of MYOSLID, SP1, SRF, and CTGF, thus establishing a molecular signaling pathway among these factors. Furthermore, miR-133a could bind to SP1, MYOSLID, SRF, and CTGF to reduce their expression. Moreover, SRF was proved to function as an activator of miR-133a promoter. Two feedback loops were established in this study: a negative feedback loop between SRF and miR-133a, and a positive loop among miR-133a/SRF/MLK1/MYOSLID. ES treatment upregulates miR-133a expression and reduces the incidence of PAH and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Zhou
- Hefei Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Yongsheng Du
- Department of General Medicine, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Changjiang East Road, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Huihui Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Aiqun Xu
- Department of General Medicine, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Changjiang East Road, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, 315000, Ningbo, China
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China.
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China.
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Han Y, Wu N, Jiang M, Chu Y, Wang Z, Liu H, Cao J, Liu H, Xu B, Xie X. Long non-coding RNA MYOSLID functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate MCL-1 expression by sponging miR-29c-3p in gastric cancer. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12678. [PMID: 31497917 PMCID: PMC6869334 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) has become an important regulator of many human malignancies. However, the biological role and clinical significance of most lncRNA in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. Methods We investigate the biological function, mechanism of action and clinical expression of lncRNA MYOSLID in GC. First, we analysed the differential expression of lncRNA MYOSLID in GC tissues and non‐cancerous tissues by analysing the sequencing data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Subsequently, we verified that lncRNA MYOSLID regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of GC cells by acting as a ceRNA against miR‐29c‐3p. The nude mouse xenograft was used to further confirm the functional significance of lncRNA MYOSLID in vivo. Results We found for the first time that the expression of lncRNA MYOSLID was significantly up‐regulated in GC tissues, and the up‐regulation of lncRNA MYOSLID in GC was correlated with tumour size, AJCC stage, depth of invasion and survival time. In addition, apoptosis and growth arrest can be induced in vitro after knockdown of lncRNA MYOSLID, which inhibits tumorigenesis in mouse xenografts in vivo. Further in‐depth studies revealed that lncRNA MYOSLID acts as a ceRNA of miR‐29c‐3p, resulting in de‐repression of its downstream target gene MCL‐1. Conclusion The lncRNA MYOSLID‐miR‐29c‐3p‐MCL‐1 axis plays a key role in the development of GC. Our findings may provide potential new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of human GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Han
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingzuo Jiang
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Chu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiyang Wang
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayi Cao
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hanming Liu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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50
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Swärd K, Krawczyk KK, Morén B, Zhu B, Matic L, Holmberg J, Hedin U, Uvelius B, Stenkula K, Rippe C. Identification of the intermediate filament protein synemin/SYNM as a target of myocardin family coactivators. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C1128-C1142. [PMID: 31461342 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00047.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Myocardin (MYOCD) is a critical regulator of smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation, but its transcriptional targets remain to be exhaustively characterized, especially at the protein level. Here we leveraged human RNA and protein expression data to identify novel potential MYOCD targets. Using correlation analyses we found several targets that we could confirm at the protein level, including SORBS1, SLMAP, SYNM, and MCAM. We focused on SYNM, which encodes the intermediate filament protein synemin. SYNM rivalled smooth muscle myosin (MYH11) for SMC specificity and was controlled at the mRNA and protein levels by all myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs: MYOCD, MRTF-A/MKL1, and MRTF-B/MKL2). MRTF activity is regulated by the ratio of filamentous to globular actin, and SYNM was accordingly reduced by interventions that depolymerize actin, such as latrunculin treatment and overexpression of constitutively active cofilin. Many MRTF target genes depend on serum response factor (SRF), but SYNM lacked SRF-binding motifs in its proximal promoter, which was not directly regulated by MYOCD. Furthermore, SYNM resisted SRF silencing, yet the time course of induction closely paralleled that of the SRF-dependent target gene ACTA2. SYNM was repressed by the ternary complex factor (TCF) FLI1 and was increased in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking three classical TCFs (ELK1, ELK3, and ELK4). Imaging showed colocalization of SYNM with the intermediate filament proteins desmin and vimentin, and MRTF-A/MKL1 increased SYNM-containing intermediate filaments in SMCs. These studies identify SYNM as a novel SRF-independent target of myocardin that is abundantly expressed in all SMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Swärd
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Björn Morén
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Baoyi Zhu
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Urology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Guangdong, China
| | - Ljubica Matic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Holmberg
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hedin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Uvelius
- Department of Clinical Science, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Stenkula
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Catarina Rippe
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
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