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Sato R, Vatic M, Peixoto da Fonseca GW, Anker SD, von Haehling S. Biological basis and treatment of frailty and sarcopenia. Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae073. [PMID: 38828887 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In an ageing society, the importance of maintaining healthy life expectancy has been emphasized. As a result of age-related decline in functional reserve, frailty is a state of increased vulnerability and susceptibility to adverse health outcomes with a serious impact on healthy life expectancy. The decline in skeletal muscle mass and function, also known as sarcopenia, is key in the development of physical frailty. Both frailty and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in patients not only with advanced age but also in patients with illnesses that exacerbate their progression like heart failure (HF), cancer, or dementia, with the prevalence of frailty and sarcopenia in HF patients reaching up to 50-75% and 19.5-47.3%, respectively, resulting in 1.5-3 times higher 1-year mortality. The biological mechanisms of frailty and sarcopenia are multifactorial, complex, and not yet fully elucidated, ranging from DNA damage, proteostasis impairment, and epigenetic changes to mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, and environmental factors, many of which are further linked to cardiac disease. Currently, there is no gold standard for the treatment of frailty and sarcopenia, however, growing evidence supports that a combination of exercise training and nutritional supplement improves skeletal muscle function and frailty, with a variety of other therapies being devised based on the underlying pathophysiology. In this review, we address the involvement of frailty and sarcopenia in cardiac disease and describe the latest insights into their biological mechanisms as well as the potential for intervention through exercise, diet, and specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sato
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mirela Vatic
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Guilherme Wesley Peixoto da Fonseca
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology (CVK) of German Heart Center Charité; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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2
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Odinammadu KO, Shilagardi K, Tuminelli K, Judge DP, Gordon LB, Michaelis S. The farnesyl transferase inhibitor (FTI) lonafarnib improves nuclear morphology in ZMPSTE24-deficient fibroblasts from patients with the progeroid disorder MAD-B. Nucleus 2023; 14:2288476. [PMID: 38050983 PMCID: PMC10730222 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2023.2288476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several related progeroid disorders are caused by defective post-translational processing of prelamin A, the precursor of the nuclear scaffold protein lamin A, encoded by LMNA. Prelamin A undergoes farnesylation and additional modifications at its C-terminus. Subsequently, the farnesylated C-terminal segment is cleaved off by the zinc metalloprotease ZMPSTE24. The premature aging disorder Hutchinson Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) and a related progeroid disease, mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD-B), are caused by mutations in LMNA and ZMPSTE24, respectively, that result in failure to process the lamin A precursor and accumulate permanently farnesylated forms of prelamin A. The farnesyl transferase inhibitor (FTI) lonafarnib is known to correct the aberrant nuclear morphology of HGPS patient cells and improves lifespan in children with HGPS. Importantly, and in contrast to a previous report, we show here that FTI treatment also improves the aberrant nuclear phenotypes in MAD-B patient cells with mutations in ZMPSTE24 (P248L or L425P). As expected, lonafarnib does not correct nuclear defects for cells with lamin A processing-proficient mutations. We also examine prelamin A processing in fibroblasts from two individuals with a prevalent laminopathy mutation LMNA-R644C. Despite the proximity of residue R644 to the prelamin A cleavage site, neither R644C patient cell line shows a prelamin A processing defect, and both have normal nuclear morphology. This work clarifies the prelamin A processing status and role of FTIs in a variety of laminopathy patient cells and supports the FDA-approved indication for the FTI Zokinvy for patients with processing-deficient progeroid laminopathies, but not for patients with processing-proficient laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamsi O. Odinammadu
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Khurts Shilagardi
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Daniel P. Judge
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Leslie B. Gordon
- The Progeria Research Foundation, Peabody, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, Hasbro Children’s Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Susan Michaelis
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Bloom SI, Tucker JR, Machin DR, Abdeahad H, Adeyemo AO, Thomas TG, Bramwell RC, Lesniewski LA, Donato AJ. Reduction of double-strand DNA break repair exacerbates vascular aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9913-9947. [PMID: 37787989 PMCID: PMC10599741 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Advanced age is the greatest risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death. Arterial function is impaired in advanced age which contributes to the development of CVD. One underexplored hypothesis is that DNA damage within arteries leads to this dysfunction, yet evidence demonstrating the incidence and physiological consequences of DNA damage in arteries, and in particular, in the microvasculature, in advanced age is limited. In the present study, we began by assessing the abundance of DNA damage in human and mouse lung microvascular endothelial cells and found that aging increases the percentage of cells with DNA damage. To explore the physiological consequences of increases in arterial DNA damage, we evaluated measures of endothelial function, microvascular and glycocalyx properties, and arterial stiffness in mice that were lacking or heterozygous for the double-strand DNA break repair protein ATM kinase. Surprisingly, in young mice, vascular function remained unchanged which led us to rationalize that perhaps aging is required to accumulate DNA damage. Indeed, in comparison to wild type littermate controls, mice heterozygous for ATM that were aged to ~18 mo (Old ATM +/-) displayed an accelerated vascular aging phenotype characterized by increases in arterial DNA damage, senescence signaling, and impairments in endothelium-dependent dilation due to elevated oxidative stress. Furthermore, old ATM +/- mice had reduced microvascular density and glycocalyx thickness as well as increased arterial stiffness. Collectively, these data demonstrate that DNA damage that accumulates in arteries in advanced age contributes to arterial dysfunction that is known to drive CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel I. Bloom
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Jordan R. Tucker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Daniel R. Machin
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Hossein Abdeahad
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - AdeLola O. Adeyemo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Tyler G. Thomas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - R. Colton Bramwell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Lisa A. Lesniewski
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center-Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Anthony J. Donato
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center-Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
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4
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Gao P, Yao F, Pang J, Yin K, Zhu X. m 6A methylation in cellular senescence of age-associated diseases. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1168-1183. [PMID: 37394885 PMCID: PMC10449638 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cellular growth arrest that occurs in response to various stresses. In addition to exiting the cell cycle, senescent cells undergo many phenotypic alterations, including metabolic reprogramming, chromatin rearrangement, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) development. Furthermore, senescent cells can affect most physiological and pathological processes, such as physiological development; tissue homeostasis; tumour regression; and age-associated disease progression, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and hypertension. Although corresponding anti-senescence therapies are actively being explored for the treatment of age-associated diseases, the specific regulatory mechanisms of senescence remain unclear. N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A), a chemical modification commonly distributed in eukaryotic RNA, plays an important role in biological processes such as translation, shearing, and RNA transcription. Numerous studies have shown that m 6A plays an important regulatory role in cellular senescence and aging-related disease. In this review, we systematically summarize the role of m 6A modifications in cellular senescence with regard to oxidative stress, DNA damage, telomere alterations, and SASP development. Additionally, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease regulation via m 6A-mediated cellular senescence is discussed. We further discuss the challenges and prospects of m 6A in cellular senescence and age-associated diseases with the aim of providing rational strategies for the treatment of these age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems MedicineGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541100China
| | - Feng Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems MedicineGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541100China
| | - Jin Pang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems MedicineGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541100China
| | - Kai Yin
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510900China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems MedicineGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541100China
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Ribeiro ASF, Zerolo BE, López-Espuela F, Sánchez R, Fernandes VS. Cardiac System during the Aging Process. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.0115. [PMID: 37163425 PMCID: PMC10389818 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging process is accompanied by a continuous decline of the cardiac system, disrupting the homeostatic regulation of cells, organs, and systems. Aging increases the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, thus heart failure and mortality. Understanding the cardiac aging process is of pivotal importance once it allows us to design strategies to prevent age-related cardiac events and increasing the quality of live in the elderly. In this review we provide an overview of the cardiac aging process focus on the following topics: cardiac structural and functional modifications; cellular mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction in the aging; genetics and epigenetics in the development of cardiac diseases; and aging heart and response to the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blanca Egea Zerolo
- Escuela de Enfermería y Fisioterapia San Juan de Dios. Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fidel López-Espuela
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Raúl Sánchez
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Congénitas, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vítor S Fernandes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Kirkland NJ, Skalak SH, Whitehead AJ, Hocker JD, Beri P, Vogler G, Hum B, Wang M, Lakatta EG, Ren B, Bodmer R, Engler AJ. Age-dependent Lamin changes induce cardiac dysfunction via dysregulation of cardiac transcriptional programs. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:17-33. [PMID: 36845078 PMCID: PMC9956937 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As we age, structural changes contribute to progressive decline in organ function, which in the heart act through poorly characterized mechanisms. Taking advantage of the short lifespan and conserved cardiac proteome of the fruit fly, we found that cardiomyocytes exhibit progressive loss of Lamin C (mammalian Lamin A/C homologue) with age, coincident with decreasing nuclear size and increasing nuclear stiffness. Premature genetic reduction of Lamin C phenocopies aging's effects on the nucleus, and subsequently decreases heart contractility and sarcomere organization. Surprisingly, Lamin C reduction downregulates myogenic transcription factors and cytoskeletal regulators, possibly via reduced chromatin accessibility. Subsequently, we find a role for cardiac transcription factors in regulating adult heart contractility and show that maintenance of Lamin C, and cardiac transcription factor expression, prevents age-dependent cardiac decline. Our findings are conserved in aged non-human primates and mice, demonstrating that age-dependent nuclear remodeling is a major mechanism contributing to cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J. Kirkland
- Department of Bioengineering, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
| | - Scott H. Skalak
- Department of Bioengineering, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
| | - Alexander J. Whitehead
- Department of Bioengineering, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
| | - James D. Hocker
- Cell and Molecular Medicine, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
| | - Pranjali Beri
- Department of Bioengineering, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
| | - Geo Vogler
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
| | - Bill Hum
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
| | - Mingyi Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA 21224
| | - Edward G. Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA 21224
| | - Bing Ren
- Cell and Molecular Medicine, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
| | - Rolf Bodmer
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
| | - Adam J. Engler
- Department of Bioengineering, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA 92093
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine; La Jolla, CA, USA 92037
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Bloom SI, Tucker JR, Lim J, Thomas TG, Stoddard GJ, Lesniewski LA, Donato AJ. Aging results in DNA damage and telomere dysfunction that is greater in endothelial versus vascular smooth muscle cells and is exacerbated in atheroprone regions. GeroScience 2022; 44:2741-2755. [PMID: 36350415 PMCID: PMC9768045 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease which is associated with arterial senescence; however, the mechanisms responsible for the development of cellular senescence in endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain elusive. Here, we study the effect of aging on arterial DNA damage and telomere dysfunction. Aging resulted in greater DNA damage in ECs than VSMCs. Further, telomere dysfunction-associated DNA damage foci (TAF: DNA damage signaling at telomeres) were elevated with aging in ECs but not VMSCs. Telomere length was modestly reduced in ECs with aging and not sufficient to induce telomere dysfunction. DNA damage and telomere dysfunction were greatest in atheroprone regions (aortic minor arch) versus non-atheroprone regions (thoracic aorta). Collectively, these data demonstrate that aging results in DNA damage and telomere dysfunction that is greater in ECs than VSMCs and elevated in atheroprone aortic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel I Bloom
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jordan R Tucker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah, VA Medical Center-SLC, GRECC Building 2, Rm 2D15A, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jisok Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah, VA Medical Center-SLC, GRECC Building 2, Rm 2D15A, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Tyler G Thomas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah, VA Medical Center-SLC, GRECC Building 2, Rm 2D15A, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Gregory J Stoddard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah, VA Medical Center-SLC, GRECC Building 2, Rm 2D15A, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lisa A Lesniewski
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah, VA Medical Center-SLC, GRECC Building 2, Rm 2D15A, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Veteran's Affairs Medical Center-Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Anthony J Donato
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah, VA Medical Center-SLC, GRECC Building 2, Rm 2D15A, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Veteran's Affairs Medical Center-Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Monnerat G, Kasai-Brunswick TH, Asensi KD, Silva dos Santos D, Barbosa RAQ, Cristina Paccola Mesquita F, Calvancanti Albuquerque JP, Raphaela PF, Wendt C, Miranda K, Domont GB, Nogueira FCS, Bastos Carvalho A, Campos de Carvalho AC. Modelling premature cardiac aging with induced pluripotent stem cells from a hutchinson-gilford Progeria Syndrome patient. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1007418. [PMID: 36505085 PMCID: PMC9726722 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1007418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder that causes accelerated aging and a high risk of cardiovascular complications. However, the underlying mechanisms of cardiac complications of this syndrome are not fully understood. This study modeled HGPS using cardiomyocytes (CM) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from a patient with HGPS and characterized the biophysical, morphological, and molecular changes found in these CM compared to CM derived from a healthy donor. Electrophysiological recordings suggest that the HGPS-CM was functional and had normal electrophysiological properties. Electron tomography showed nuclear morphology alteration, and the 3D reconstruction of electron tomography images suggests structural abnormalities in HGPS-CM mitochondria, however, there was no difference in mitochondrial content as measured by Mitotracker. Immunofluorescence indicates nuclear morphological alteration and confirms the presence of Troponin T. Telomere length was measured using qRT-PCR, and no difference was found in the CM from HGPS when compared to the control. Proteomic analysis was carried out in a high-resolution system using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The proteomics data show distinct group separations and protein expression differences between HGPS and control-CM, highlighting changes in ribosomal, TCA cycle, and amino acid biosynthesis, among other modifications. Our findings show that iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from a Progeria Syndrome patient have significant changes in mitochondrial morphology and protein expression, implying novel mechanisms underlying premature cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Monnerat
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Laboratory of Proteomics, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tais Hanae Kasai-Brunswick
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging, CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karina Dutra Asensi
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danubia Silva dos Santos
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Pires Ferreira Raphaela
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila Wendt
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kildare Miranda
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Barbosa Domont
- Proteomic Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio César Sousa Nogueira
- Laboratory of Proteomics, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Proteomic Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Bastos Carvalho
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,National Science and Technology Institute in Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,*Correspondence: Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho,
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Luo M, Yan D, Liang X, Huang Y, Luo P, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Xu T, Gao S, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Shi Q, Zhang C, Ruan L. Association Between Plasma Fibulin-1 and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Arterial Stiffness. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:837490. [PMID: 35872882 PMCID: PMC9302601 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.837490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness forms the basis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and is also an independent predictor of CVD risk. Early detection and intervention of arterial stiffness are important for improving the global burden of CVD. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the gold standard for assessing arterial stiffness and the molecular mechanism of arterial stiffness remains to be studied. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is one of the major mechanisms of arterial stiffness. Partial quantitative changes of ECM proteins can be detected in plasma. Therefore, we examined the hypothesis that a discovery proteomic comparison of plasma proteins between high arterial stiffness (baPWV ≥ 1,400 cm/s) and normal arterial stiffness (baPWV < 1,400 cm/s) populations might identify relevant changed ECM proteins for arterial stiffness. Plasma samples were randomly selected from normal arterial stiffness (n = 6) and high arterial stiffness (n = 6) people. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) based quantitative proteomics technique was performed to find a total of 169 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Nine ECM proteins were included in all DEPs and were all up-regulated proteins. Fibulin-1 had the highest statistically fold-change (FC = 3.7, p < 0.0001) in the high arterial stiffness population compared with the control group during the nine ECM proteins. The expression of plasma fibulin-1 in normal arterial stiffness (n = 112) and high arterial stiffness (n = 72) populations was confirmed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Similarly, ELISA results showed that plasma concentrations of fibulin-1 in the high arterial stiffness group were higher than those in the normal arterial stiffness group (12.69 ± 0.89 vs. 9.84 ± 0.71 μg/ml, p < 0.05). Univariate analysis of fibulin-1 with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) indicated that fibulin-1 was positively correlated with baPWV in all participants (r = 0.32, p < 0.01) and a stronger positive correlation between baPWV and fibulin-1 in high arterial stiffness group (r = 0.64, p < 0.0001) was found. Multiple regression analysis of factors affecting baPWV showed that fibulin-1 was also a significant determinant of the increased ba-PWV (R2 = 0.635, p = 0.001). Partial correlation analysis showed that baPWV increased with the growth of plasma fibulin-1(r = 0.267, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that fibulin-1 is positively correlated with ba-PWV and an independent risk factor for arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandi Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolu Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shangbang Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiwu Zhou
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Cuntai Zhang ;
| | - Lei Ruan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Lei Ruan
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10
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von Kleeck R, Castagnino P, Roberts E, Talwar S, Ferrari G, Assoian RK. Decreased vascular smooth muscle contractility in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome linked to defective smooth muscle myosin heavy chain expression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10625. [PMID: 34012019 PMCID: PMC8134495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) suffer from multiple cardiovascular pathologies due to the expression of progerin, a mutant form of the nuclear envelope protein Lamin A. Progerin expression has a dramatic effect on arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and results in decreased viability and increased arterial stiffness. However, very little is known about how progerin affects SMC contractility. Here, we studied the LaminAG609G/G609G mouse model of HGPS and found reduced arterial contractility at an early age that correlates with a decrease in smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC) mRNA and protein expression. Traction force microscopy on isolated SMCs from these mice revealed reduced force generation compared to wild-type controls; this effect was phenocopied by depletion of SM-MHC in WT SMCs and overcome by ectopic expression of SM-MHC in HGPS SMCs. Arterial SM-MHC levels are also reduced with age in wild-type mice and humans, suggesting a common defect in arterial contractility in HGPS and normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan von Kleeck
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Paola Castagnino
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emilia Roberts
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shefali Talwar
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Giovanni Ferrari
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Richard K Assoian
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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11
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Stojanović SD, Fiedler J, Bauersachs J, Thum T, Sedding DG. Senescence-induced inflammation: an important player and key therapeutic target in atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:2983-2996. [PMID: 31898722 PMCID: PMC7453834 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark and potent driver of pathological vascular remodelling in atherosclerosis. However, current anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies have shown mixed results. As an alternative perspective on the conundrum of chronic inflammation emerging evidence points towards a small subset of senescent cells as a critical player and central node driving atherosclerosis. Senescent cells belonging to various cell types are a dominant and chronic source of a large array of pro-inflammatory cytokines and various additional plaque destabilizing factors, being involved with various aspects of atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Antagonizing these key agitators of local chronic inflammation and plaque instability may provide a causative and multi-purpose therapeutic strategy to treat atherosclerosis. Anti-senescence treatment options with translational potential are currently in development. However, several questions and challenges remain to be addressed before these novel treatment approaches may enter the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stevan D Stojanović
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Fiedler
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel G Sedding
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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12
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von Kleeck R, Roberts E, Castagnino P, Bruun K, Brankovic SA, Hawthorne EA, Xu T, Tobias JW, Assoian RK. Arterial stiffness and cardiac dysfunction in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome corrected by inhibition of lysyl oxidase. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/5/e202000997. [PMID: 33687998 PMCID: PMC8008950 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The findings show that increased lysyl oxidase abundance is causal for the elevated arterial stiffness present in the arteries of Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome mice. Pharmacologic inhibition of lysyl oxidase improves cardiac dysfunction and restores arterial compliance. Arterial stiffening and cardiac dysfunction are hallmarks of premature aging in Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), but the molecular regulators remain unknown. Here, we show that the LaminAG609G mouse model of HGPS recapitulates the premature arterial stiffening and early diastolic dysfunction seen in human HGPS. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is up-regulated in the arteries of these mice, and treatment with the LOX inhibitor, β-aminopropionitrile, improves arterial mechanics and cardiac function. Genome-wide and mechanistic analysis revealed reduced expression of the LOX-regulator, miR-145, in HGPS arteries, and forced expression of miR-145 restores normal LOX gene expression in HGPS smooth muscle cells. LOX abundance is also increased in the carotid arteries of aged wild-type mice, but its spatial expression differs from HGPS and its up-regulation is independent of changes in miR-145 abundance. Our results show that miR-145 is selectively misregulated in HGPS and that the consequent up-regulation of LOX is causal for premature arterial stiffening and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan von Kleeck
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emilia Roberts
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paola Castagnino
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kyle Bruun
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sonja A Brankovic
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Hawthorne
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tina Xu
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John W Tobias
- Penn Genomic Analysis Core and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard K Assoian
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA .,Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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13
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Aging and age-related diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Biogerontology 2021; 22:165-187. [PMID: 33502634 PMCID: PMC7838467 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-021-09910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a physiological process mediated by numerous biological and genetic pathways, which are directly linked to lifespan and are a driving force for all age-related diseases. Human life expectancy has greatly increased in the past few decades, but this has not been accompanied by a similar increase in their healthspan. At present, research on aging biology has focused on elucidating the biochemical and genetic pathways that contribute to aging over time. Several aging mechanisms have been identified, primarily including genomic instability, telomere shortening, and cellular senescence. Aging is a driving factor of various age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, immune system disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders. Efforts to find drugs that improve the healthspan by targeting the pathogenesis of aging have now become a hot topic in this field. In the present review, the status of aging research and the development of potential drugs for aging-related diseases, such as metformin, rapamycin, resveratrol, senolytics, as well as caloric restriction, are summarized. The feasibility, side effects, and future potential of these treatments are also discussed, which will provide a basis to develop novel anti-aging therapeutics for improving the healthspan and preventing aging-related diseases.
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14
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Machado-Oliveira G, Ramos C, Marques ARA, Vieira OV. Cell Senescence, Multiple Organelle Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis. Cells 2020; 9:E2146. [PMID: 32977446 PMCID: PMC7598292 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an age-related disorder associated with long-term exposure to cardiovascular risk factors. The asymptomatic progression of atherosclerotic plaques leads to major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including acute myocardial infarctions or cerebral ischemic strokes in some cases. Senescence, a biological process associated with progressive structural and functional deterioration of cells, tissues and organs, is intricately linked to age-related diseases. Cell senescence involves coordinated modifications in cellular compartments and has been demonstrated to contribute to different stages of atheroma development. Senescence-based therapeutic strategies are currently being pursued to treat and prevent CVD in humans in the near-future. In addition, distinct experimental settings allowed researchers to unravel potential approaches to regulate anti-apoptotic pathways, facilitate excessive senescent cell clearance and eventually reverse atherogenesis to improve cardiovascular function. However, a deeper knowledge is required to fully understand cellular senescence, to clarify senescence and atherogenesis intertwining, allowing researchers to establish more effective treatments and to reduce the cardiovascular disorders' burden. Here, we present an objective review of the key senescence-related alterations of the major intracellular organelles and analyze the role of relevant cell types for senescence and atherogenesis. In this context, we provide an updated analysis of therapeutic approaches, including clinically relevant experiments using senolytic drugs to counteract atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Machado-Oliveira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.R.); (A.R.A.M.)
| | | | | | - Otília V. Vieira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.R.); (A.R.A.M.)
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15
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Characterization of arterial flow mediated dilation via a physics-based model. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 107:103756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Ultrasonic Characteristics of Cardiovascular Changes in Children with Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome: A Comparative Study with Normal Children and Aging People. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9631851. [PMID: 32382582 PMCID: PMC7180498 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9631851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The cardiovascular characteristics of children with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) remain unclear. The present study is aimed at evaluating the cardiovascular changes with ultrasound examination in children with HGPS and compared these with those in normal children and older people. Methods Seven HGPS children, 21 age-matched healthy children, and 14 older healthy volunteers were evaluated by three-dimensional echocardiography (including strain analysis) and carotid elasticity examination with the echo-tracking technique. Results Children with HGPS had higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain, when compared to older healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). However, these parameters were not significantly different, when compared to those in healthy children. Furthermore, children with HGPS had lower average peak times in the left ventricle, when compared with the other two groups. For the structure of the carotid artery detected by ultrasound, the abnormality rates were similar between children with HGPS and older healthy volunteers (83.3% vs. 71.4%). The elastic parameters, elastic modulus, stiffness parameter, and pulsed wave transmittal velocity of children with HGPS were lower, when compared to those in older healthy volunteers (P < 0.05), while they were higher with arterial compliance (P > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference existed among the vascular elastic parameters between HGPS and normal children. Conclusion HGPS children had impaired left ventricular (LV) synchrony, when compared to normal children, although the difference in LVEF was not statistically significant. Furthermore, the structural abnormality of the carotid artery in HGPS children was similar to that in older people, although the index of elasticity appears to be more favorable. These results suggest that the cardiovascular system in HGPS children differs from natural aging.
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17
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Vadivel S, Vincent P, Sekaran S, Visaga Ambi S, Muralidar S, Selvaraj V, Palaniappan B, Thirumalai D. Inflammation in myocardial injury- Stem cells as potential immunomodulators for myocardial regeneration and restoration. Life Sci 2020; 250:117582. [PMID: 32222465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ineffective immunosuppressant's and targeted strategies to neutralize inflammatory mediators have worsened the scenario of heart failure and have opened many questions for debate. Stem cell therapy has proven to be a promising approach for treating heart following myocardial infarction (MI). Adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells are possible cell types and have successfully shown to regenerate damaged myocardial tissue in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Current implications of using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) owing to their immunomodulatory functions and paracrine effects could serve as an effective alternative treatment option for rejuvenating the heart post MI. The major setback associated with the use of MSCs is reduced cell retention, engraftment and decreased effectiveness. With a few reports on understanding the role of inflammation and its dual effects on the structure and function of heart, this review focuses on these missing insights and further exemplifies the role of MSCs as an alternative therapy in treating the pathological consequences in myocardial infarction (MI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajini Vadivel
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Preethi Vincent
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Senthil Visaga Ambi
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shibi Muralidar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vimalraj Selvaraj
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balamurugan Palaniappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Diraviyam Thirumalai
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Jamil A, Habib S. Delaying vascular aging: A new prospect in medicine. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:1092-1093. [PMID: 31938026 PMCID: PMC6953538 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Jamil
- Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana Habib
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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19
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Vigouroux C, Guénantin AC, Vatier C, Capel E, Le Dour C, Afonso P, Bidault G, Béréziat V, Lascols O, Capeau J, Briand N, Jéru I. Lipodystrophic syndromes due to LMNA mutations: recent developments on biomolecular aspects, pathophysiological hypotheses and therapeutic perspectives. Nucleus 2019; 9:235-248. [PMID: 29578370 PMCID: PMC5973242 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1456217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LMNA, encoding A-type lamins, are responsible for laminopathies including muscular dystrophies, lipodystrophies, and premature ageing syndromes. LMNA mutations have been shown to alter nuclear structure and stiffness, binding to partners at the nuclear envelope or within the nucleoplasm, gene expression and/or prelamin A maturation. LMNA-associated lipodystrophic features, combining generalized or partial fat atrophy and metabolic alterations associated with insulin resistance, could result from altered adipocyte differentiation or from altered fat structure. Recent studies shed some light on how pathogenic A-type lamin variants could trigger lipodystrophy, metabolic complications, and precocious cardiovascular events. Alterations in adipose tissue extracellular matrix and TGF-beta signaling could initiate metabolic inflexibility. Premature senescence of vascular cells could contribute to cardiovascular complications. In affected families, metabolic alterations occur at an earlier age across generations, which could result from epigenetic deregulation induced by LMNA mutations. Novel cellular models recapitulating adipogenic developmental pathways provide scalable tools for disease modeling and therapeutic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Vigouroux
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,b Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires , Paris , France.,c Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre National de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino-Sécrétion et de l'Insulino-Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction , Paris , France
| | - Anne-Claire Guénantin
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,d Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus , Hinxton , UK
| | - Camille Vatier
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,c Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre National de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino-Sécrétion et de l'Insulino-Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction , Paris , France
| | - Emilie Capel
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Caroline Le Dour
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Pauline Afonso
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Guillaume Bidault
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,e University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK
| | - Véronique Béréziat
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Olivier Lascols
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,b Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires , Paris , France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Nolwenn Briand
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,f Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Blindern , Oslo , Norway
| | - Isabelle Jéru
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,b Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires , Paris , France
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20
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Qian X, Asad SB, Li J, Wang J, Wei D, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhu H. Link between cardiac function and the antioxidative defense mechanism in aged rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:1100-1105. [PMID: 31010674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging presents profound structural and physiological changes in the cardiovascular system. Oxidative stress, a major contributing factor during the aging process, has been involved in various age-related cardiovascular pathologies. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of oxidative stress in the aging heart is still unclear. This study was designed to determine whether changes in cardiac structure and function in aged rats were associated with decreases in the antioxidative defense mechanism. Young (3-month-old) and aged (24-month-old) rats were used in this study, and the differences in function, structure, antioxidative capacity and the expression of antioxidative-related proteins between the two groups were compared. By using echocardiography, we observed that compared to young rats, the left ventricular internal end-diastolic diameter (LVID; d) and left ventricular volume at diastole (LV Vol; d) were significantly increased in aged rats, while the MV E/A (E wave and A wave ratio, the ratio of peak velocity of early to late filling of mitral inflow), which represents heart diastolic function, was significantly decreased in aged rats. In addition, we observed degenerative histological modifications and an increased number of apoptotic cells in aged rats. We further detected the protein expression of catalase (CAT), glutathione synthetase (GSS), superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in cardiac tissue. Western blot results showed that the expression of GSS was significantly decreased and that the expressions of CAT, SOD-1, and HO-1 were slightly decreased in aged rats. Immunohistochemistry results further confirmed the decreased expression of GSS, SOD-1 and NQO1 in cardiomyocytes in aged rats. Taken together, our data suggest that aging may affect the morphology and function of the heart by oxidative stress and the antioxidative defense mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qian
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Deqin Wei
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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21
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Perepelina K, Klauzen P, Kostareva A, Malashicheva A. Tissue-Specific Influence of Lamin A Mutations on Notch Signaling and Osteogenic Phenotype of Primary Human Mesenchymal Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030266. [PMID: 30901896 PMCID: PMC6468400 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamin A is involved in many cellular functions due to its ability to bind chromatin and transcription factors and affect their properties. Mutations of LMNA gene encoding lamin A affect the differentiation capacity of stem cells, but the mechanisms of this influence remain largely unclear. We and others have reported recently an interaction of lamin A with Notch pathway, which is among the main developmental regulators of cellular identity. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of LMNA mutations on the proosteogenic response of human cells of mesenchymal origin and to further explore the interaction of LMNA with Notch pathway. Mutations R527C and R471C in LMNA are associated with mandibuloacral dysplasia type A, a highly penetrant disease with a variety of abnormalities involving bone development. We used lentiviral constructs bearing mutations R527C and R471C and explored its influence on proosteogenic phenotype expression and Notch pathway activity in four types of human cells: umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), cardiac mesenchymal cells (HCMC), aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC), and aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC). The proosteogenic response of the cells was induced by the addition of either LPS or specific effectors of osteogenic differentiation to the culture medium; phenotype was estimated by the expression of osteogenic markers by qPCR; activation of Notch was assessed by expression of Notch-related and Notch-responsive genes by qPCR and by activation of a luciferase CSL-reporter construct. Overall, we observed different reactivity of all four cell lineages to the stimulation with either LPS or osteogenic factors. R527C had a stronger influence on the proosteogenic phenotype. We observed the inhibiting action of LMNA R527C on osteogenic differentiation in HCMC in the presence of activated Notch signaling, while LMNA R527C caused the activation of osteogenic differentiation in HAVIC in the presence of activated Notch signaling. Our results suggest that the effect of a LMNA mutation is strongly dependent not only on a specific mutation itself, but also might be influenced by the intrinsic molecular context of a cell lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya Perepelina
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., St-Petersburg 197341, Russia.
- St-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya nab., St-Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Polina Klauzen
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., St-Petersburg 197341, Russia.
- St-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya nab., St-Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., St-Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Anna Kostareva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., St-Petersburg 197341, Russia.
- St-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya nab., St-Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Anna Malashicheva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., St-Petersburg 197341, Russia.
- St-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya nab., St-Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., St-Petersburg 194064, Russia.
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22
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Liu Y, Bloom SI, Donato AJ. The role of senescence, telomere dysfunction and shelterin in vascular aging. Microcirculation 2018; 26:e12487. [PMID: 29924435 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the United States and other westernized nations, CVDs are the leading cause of death in adults over 65 years of age. Large artery stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are increased with age and age-associated arterial dysfunction is an important antecedent of CVDs. One age-associated change that may contribute to vascular dysfunction and CVD risk is an increase in the number of resident senescent cells in the vasculature. Senescent cells display a pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory phenotype known as the SASP. However, the mechanisms that drive the SASP and the vascular aging phenotype remain elusive. A putative mechanism is the involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation in telomere function. Telomeres are the end caps of chromosomes which are maintained by a six-protein complex known as shelterin. Disruption of shelterin can uncap telomeres and induce cellular senescence. Accordingly, in this review, we propose that oxidative stress and inflammation disrupt shelterin in vascular cells, driving telomere dysfunction and that this mechanism may be responsible for the induction of SASP. The proposed mechanisms may represent some of the initial changes that lead to vascular dysfunction in advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Samuel I Bloom
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anthony J Donato
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
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23
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Lee SS, Jung WY, Park HJ, Lee A, Kwon SY, Kim HS, Cho HS. Genome-wide Analysis of Alternative Splicing in An Inbred Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea L.) Line 'HO' in Response to Heat Stress. Curr Genomics 2017; 19:12-20. [PMID: 29491729 PMCID: PMC5817872 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170705151901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) studies demonstrate that Alter-native Splicing (AS) is a widespread mechanism that enhances transcriptome diversity, particularly in plants exposed to environmental stress. In an attempt to determine the transcriptome and AS patterns of cabbage inbred line “HO” under Heat Stress (HS), RNA-Seq was carried out using HS-treated and con-trol samples. Genome-wide analysis indicated that AS is differentially regulated in response to HS. The number of AS events markedly increased in HS-treated samples compared to the control. Conclusion: We identified 1,864 genes, including Heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) and heat shock protein (Hsp) genes, that exhibited >4-fold changes in expression upon exposure to HS. The enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms of the 1,864 genes included ‘response to stress/abiotic stimulus/chemical stimulus’, among, which the genes most highly induced by HS encode small Hsps and Hsf proteins. The heat-induced genes also showed an increased number of AS events under HS conditions. In addi-tion, the distribution of AS types was altered under HS conditions, as the level of Intron Retention (IR) decreased, whereas other types of AS increased, under these conditions. Severe HS-induced AS was al-so observed in Hsfs and Hsps, which play crucial roles in regulating heat tolerance. Our results support the notion that AS of HS-related genes, such as HsfA2 and HsfB2a, are important for heat stress adapta-tion in cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Sook Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Won Yong Jung
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Arum Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Biosystems and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Suk-Yoon Kwon
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hyun-Soon Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Cho
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Biosystems and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Korea
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24
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Nair N, Gongora E. Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Aging: Interaction Between NRF-2 and ADMA. Curr Cardiol Rev 2017; 13:183-188. [PMID: 28215178 PMCID: PMC5633712 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x13666170216150955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The concept of antioxidant therapies assumes high importance as oxidative stress is associated with cardiovascular aging via endothelial dysfunction. This review focuses on exploring the interaction between nrf-2 and ADMA in influencing the nitric oxide pathway and cardiovascular function. Objective: A systematic review of literature from 1990 to 2016 was conducted using Pubmed and Google Scholar. The literature suggests a strong influence of nrf-2 activation on up regulation of DDAH I which degrades ADMA, the endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. The resulting decrease of ADMA would in turn enhance nitric oxide (NO) production. This would support endothelial function by adequate NO production and homeostasis of endothelial function. Conclusion: As NO production has many positive pleiotropic effects in the cardiovascular system, such an interaction could be utilized for designing molecular therapeutics. The targets for therapy need not be limited to activation of nrf-2. Modulation of molecules downstream such as DDAH I can be used to regulate ADMA levels. Most current literature is supported by animal studies. The concept of antioxidant therapies needs to be tested in well-defined randomized control trials. The biochemical basis of nrf-2 activation needs to be substantiated in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Nair
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Enrique Gongora
- Memorial Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Hollywood, FL 33031, United States
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25
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Cardiac Aging – Benefits of Exercise, Nrf2 Activation and Antioxidant Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 999:231-255. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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Roggen M, Dubois C, Gewillig M. Coronary artery stenting in a patient with progeria. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 90:E38-E40. [PMID: 27567006 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.26730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Progeria syndrome is a very rare disease with early demise in the second decade due to cardiovascular disease. Most events are sudden and fatal, leaving no time for medical or interventional therapies; no such interventional therapy has been reported. We present a 13 years old boy who previously had suffered from dissection of both internal carotid arteries; he now presented with exercise-induced angina. Both CT-scan and angiography revealed severe stenotic lesions at the origin of the right coronary artery and left anterior descending artery, typical for dissection. Coronary artery stenting resolved the symptoms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Roggen
- Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Christophe Dubois
- Department of Interventional cardiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Marc Gewillig
- Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
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27
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Fan LM, Cahill-Smith S, Geng L, Du J, Brooks G, Li JM. Aging-associated metabolic disorder induces Nox2 activation and oxidative damage of endothelial function. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:940-951. [PMID: 28499911 PMCID: PMC5489050 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress attributable to the activation of a Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is involved in the development of vascular diseases and in aging. However, the mechanism of Nox2 activation in normal aging remains unclear. In this study, we used age-matched wild-type (WT) and Nox2 knockout (KO) mice at 3-4 months (young); 11-12 months (middle-aged) and 21-22 months (aging) to investigate age-related metabolic disorders, Nox2 activation and endothelial dysfunction. Compared to young mice, middle-aged and aging WT mice had significant hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, increased systemic oxidative stress and higher blood pressure. Endothelium-dependent vessel relaxation to acetylcholine was significantly impaired in WT aging aortas, and this was accompanied by increased Nox2 and ICAM-1 expressions, MAPK activation and decreased insulin receptor expression and signaling. However, these aging-associated disorders were significantly reduced or absent in Nox2KO aging mice. The effect of metabolic disorder on Nox2 activation and endothelial dysfunction was further confirmed using high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in middle-aged WT mice treated with apocynin (a Nox2 inhibitor). In vitro experiments showed that in response to high glucose plus high insulin challenge, WT coronary microvascular endothelial cells increased significantly the levels of Nox2 expression, activation of stress signaling pathways and the cells were senescent, e.g. increased p53 and β-galactosidase activity. However, these changes were absent in Nox2KO cells. In conclusion, Nox2 activation in response to aging-associated hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia plays a key role in the oxidative damage of vascular function. Inhibition or knockout of Nox2 preserves endothelial function and improves global metabolism in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lampson M Fan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Li Geng
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Junjie Du
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, UK
| | - Gavin Brooks
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Jian-Mei Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK.
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28
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The Aging Cardiovascular System. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 69:1952-1967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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29
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DNA damage-dependent mechanisms of ageing and disease in the macro- and microvasculature. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 816:116-128. [PMID: 28347738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A decline in the function of the macro- and micro-vasculature occurs with ageing. DNA damage also accumulates with ageing, and thus DNA damage and repair have important roles in physiological ageing. Considerable evidence also supports a crucial role for DNA damage in the development and progression of macrovascular disease such as atherosclerosis. These findings support the concept that prolonged exposure to risk factors is a major stimulus for DNA damage within the vasculature, in part via the generation of reactive oxygen species. Genomic instability can directly affect vascular cellular function, leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and premature vascular cell senescence. In contrast, the study of age-related impaired function and DNA damage mechanisms in the microvasculature is limited, although ageing is associated with microvessel endothelial dysfunction. This review examines current knowledge on the role of DNA damage and DNA repair systems in macrovascular disease such as atherosclerosis and microvascular disease. We also discuss the cellular responses to DNA damage to identify possible strategies for prevention and treatment.
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30
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Dorado B, Andrés V. A-type lamins and cardiovascular disease in premature aging syndromes. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2017; 46:17-25. [PMID: 28086161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lamin A is a nuclear intermediate filament protein with important structural and regulatory roles in most differentiated mammalian cells. Excessive accumulation of its precursor prelamin A or the mutant form called 'progerin' causes premature aging syndromes. Progeroid 'laminopathies' are characterized by severe cardiovascular problems (cardiac electrical defects, vascular calcification and stiffening, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke) and premature death. Here, we review studies in cell and mouse models and patients that are unraveling how abnormal prelamin A and progerin accumulation accelerates cardiovascular disease and aging. This knowledge is essential for developing effective therapies to treat progeria and may help identify new mechanisms underlying normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Dorado
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.
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31
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Ghebre YT, Yakubov E, Wong WT, Krishnamurthy P, Sayed N, Sikora AG, Bonnen MD. Vascular Aging: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (SUNNYVALE, CALIF.) 2016; 6:183. [PMID: 28932625 PMCID: PMC5602592 DOI: 10.4172/2161-1025.1000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease is highest among the elderly, in part, due to deleterious effects of advancing age on the heart and blood vessels. Aging, a known cardiovascular risk factor, is progressively associated with structural and functional changes to the vasculature including hemodynamic disturbance due to increased oxidative stress, premature cellular senescence and impairments in synthesis and/or secretion of endothelium-derived vasoactive molecules. These molecular and physiological changes lead to vessel wall stiffening and thickening, as well as other vascular complications that culminate to loss of vascular tone regulation and endothelial function. Intriguingly, the vessel wall, a biochemically active structure composed of collagen, connective tissue, smooth muscle and endothelial cells, is adversely affected by processes involved in premature or normal aging. Notably, the inner most layer of the vessel wall, the endothelium, becomes senescent and dysfunctional with advancing age. As a result, its ability to release vasoactive molecules such as acetylcholine (ACh), prostacyclin (PGI2), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), and nitric oxide (NO) is reduced and the cellular response to these molecules is also impaired. By contrast, the vascular endothelium increases its generation and release of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species, vasoconstrictors such as endothelin (ET) and angiotensin (AT), and endogenous inhibitors of NO synthases (NOSs) to block NO. This skews the balance of the endothelium in favor of the release of highly tissue reactive and harmful molecules that promote DNA damage, telomere erosion, senescence, as well as stiffened and hardened vessel wall that is prone to the development of hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular risk factors. This Review discusses the impact of advancing age on cardiovascular health, and highlights the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie age-associated vascular changes. In addition, the role of pharmacological interventions in preventing or delaying age-related cardiovascular disease is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes T Ghebre
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eduard Yakubov
- phaRNA Comprehensive RNA Technologies, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nazish Sayed
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark D Bonnen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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32
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Mitochondrial ferritin protects the murine myocardium from acute exhaustive exercise injury. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2475. [PMID: 27853170 PMCID: PMC5260894 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) is a mitochondrially localized protein possessing ferroxidase activity and the ability to store iron. FtMt overexpression in cultured cells protects against oxidative damage by sequestering redox-active, intracellular iron. Here, we found that acute exhaustive exercise significantly increases FtMt expression in the murine heart. FtMt gene disruption decreased the exhaustion exercise time and altered heart morphology with severe cardiac mitochondrial injury and fibril disorganization. The number of apoptotic cells as well as the levels of apoptosis-related proteins was increased in the FtMt−/− mice, though the ATP levels did not change significantly. Concomitant to the above was a high ‘uncommitted' iron level found in the FtMt−/− group when exposed to acute exhaustion exercise. As a result of the increase in catalytic metal, reactive oxygen species were generated, leading to oxidative damage of cellular components. Taken together, our results show that the absence of FtMt, which is highly expressed in the heart, increases the sensitivity of mitochondria to cardiac injury via oxidative stress.
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33
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Meyer MR, Fredette NC, Daniel C, Sharma G, Amann K, Arterburn JB, Barton M, Prossnitz ER. Obligatory role for GPER in cardiovascular aging and disease. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra105. [PMID: 27803283 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aag0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological activation of the heptahelical G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) by selective ligands counteracts multiple aspects of cardiovascular disease. We thus expected that genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of GPER would further aggravate such disease states, particularly with age. To the contrary, we found that genetic ablation of Gper in mice prevented cardiovascular pathologies associated with aging by reducing superoxide (⋅O2-) formation by NADPH oxidase (Nox) specifically through reducing the expression of the Nox isoform Nox1 Blocking GPER activity pharmacologically with G36, a synthetic, small-molecule, GPER-selective blocker (GRB), decreased Nox1 abundance and ⋅O2- production to basal amounts in cells exposed to angiotensin II and in mice chronically infused with angiotensin II, reducing arterial hypertension. Thus, this study revealed a role for GPER activity in regulating Nox1 abundance and associated ⋅O2--mediated structural and functional damage that contributes to disease pathology. Our results indicated that GRBs represent a new class of drugs that can reduce Nox abundance and activity and could be used for the treatment of chronic disease processes involving excessive ⋅O2- formation, including arterial hypertension and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias R Meyer
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Natalie C Fredette
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Nephropathology, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Geetanjali Sharma
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Nephropathology, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jeffrey B Arterburn
- New Mexico State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Matthias Barton
- University of Zürich, Molecular Internal Medicine, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric R Prossnitz
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.,University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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34
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Narasimhan M, Rajasekaran NS. Exercise, Nrf2 and Antioxidant Signaling in Cardiac Aging. Front Physiol 2016; 7:241. [PMID: 27378947 PMCID: PMC4911351 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is represented by a progressive decline in cellular functions. The age-related deformities in cardiac behaviors are the loss of cardiac myocytes through apoptosis or programmed cell death. Oxidative stress (OS) and its deleterious consequence contribute to age-related mechanical remodeling, reduced regenerative capacity, and apoptosis in cardiac tissue. The pathogenesis of OS in the elderly can predispose the heart to other cardiac complications such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cardiac myopathy, and so on. At the molecular level, oxidant-induced activation of Nrf2 (Nuclear erythroid-2-p45-related factor-2), a transcription factor, regulates several genes containing AREs (Antioxidant Response Element) and bring the respective translates to counteract the reactive radicals and establish homeostasis. Myriad of Nrf2 gene knockout studies in various organs such as lung, liver, kidney, brain, etc. have shown that dysregulation of Nrf2 severely affects the oxidant/ROS sensitivity and predispose the system to several pathological changes with aberrant cellular lesions. On the other hand, its gain of function chemical interventions exhibited oxidant stress resistance and cytoprotection. However, thus far, only a few investigations have shown the potential role of Nrf2 and its non-pharmacological induction in cardiac aging. Therefore, here we review the involvement of Nrf2 signaling along with its responses and ramifications on the cascade of OS under acute exercise stress (AES), moderate exercise training (MET), and endurance exercise stress (EES) conditions in the aging heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusudhanan Narasimhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Namakkal S Rajasekaran
- Cardiac Aging and Redox Signaling Laboratory, Center for Free Radical Biology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake City, UT, USA
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35
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Pitrez P, Rosa S, Praça C, Ferreira L. Vascular disease modeling using induced pluripotent stem cells: Focus in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:710-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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36
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Barton M, Husmann M, Meyer MR. Accelerated Vascular Aging as a Paradigm for Hypertensive Vascular Disease: Prevention and Therapy. Can J Cardiol 2016; 32:680-686.e4. [PMID: 27118295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is considered the most important nonmodifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death after age 28 years. Because of demographic changes the world population is expected to increase to 9 billion by the year 2050 and up to 12 billion by 2100, with several-fold increases among those 65 years of age and older. Healthy aging and prevention of aging-related diseases and associated health costs have become part of political agendas of governments around the world. Atherosclerotic vascular burden increases with age; accordingly, patients with progeria (premature aging) syndromes die from myocardial infarctions or stroke as teenagers or young adults. The incidence and prevalence of arterial hypertension also increases with age. Arterial hypertension-like diabetes and chronic renal failure-shares numerous pathologies and underlying mechanisms with the vascular aging process. In this article, we review how arterial hypertension resembles premature vascular aging, including the mechanisms by which arterial hypertension (as well as other risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or chronic renal failure) accelerates the vascular aging process. We will also address the importance of cardiovascular risk factor control-including antihypertensive therapy-as a powerful intervention to interfere with premature vascular aging to reduce the age-associated prevalence of diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, hypertensive nephropathy, and vascular dementia due to cerebrovascular disease. Finally, we will discuss the implementation of endothelial therapy, which aims at active patient participation to improve primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Barton
- Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Marc Husmann
- Division of Angiology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Progeroid mouse models display phenotypes in multiple organ systems that suggest premature aging and resemble features of natural aging of both mice and humans. The prospect of a significant increase in the global elderly population within the next decades has led to the emergence of "geroscience," which aims at elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in aging. Progeroid mouse models are frequently used in geroscience as they provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the highly complex process of natural aging. This review provides an overview of the most commonly reported nonneoplastic macroscopic and microscopic pathologic findings in progeroid mouse models (eg, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease, intervertebral disc degeneration, kyphosis, sarcopenia, cutaneous atrophy, wound healing, hair loss, alopecia, lymphoid atrophy, cataract, corneal endothelial dystrophy, retinal degenerative diseases, and vascular remodeling). Furthermore, several shortcomings in pathologic analysis and descriptions of these models are discussed. Progeroid mouse models are valuable models for aging, but thorough knowledge of both the mouse strain background and the progeria-related phenotype is required to guide interpretation and translation of the pathology data.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Harkema
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S A Youssef
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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38
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Shelar SB, Narasimhan M, Shanmugam G, Litovsky SH, Gounder SS, Karan G, Arulvasu C, Kensler TW, Hoidal JR, Darley-Usmar VM, Rajasekaran NS. Disruption of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2 antioxidant signaling: a mechanism for impaired activation of stem cells and delayed regeneration of skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2016; 30:1865-79. [PMID: 26839378 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201500153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently we have reported that age-dependent decline in antioxidant levels accelerated apoptosis and skeletal muscle degeneration. Here, we demonstrate genetic ablation of the master cytoprotective transcription factor, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2 (Nrf2), aggravates cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced tibialis anterior (TA) muscle damage. Disruption of Nrf2 signaling sustained the CTX-induced burden of reactive oxygen species together with compromised expression of antioxidant genes and proteins. Transcript/protein expression of phenotypic markers of muscle differentiation, namely paired box 7 (satellite cell) and early myogenic differentiation and terminal differentiation (myogenin and myosin heavy chain 2) were increased on d 2 and 4 postinjury but later returned to baseline levels on d 8 and 15 in wild-type (WT) mice. In contrast, these responses were persistently augmented in Nrf2-null mice suggesting that regulation of the regeneration-related signaling mechanisms require Nrf2 for normal functioning. Furthermore, Nrf2-null mice displayed slower regeneration marked by dysregulation of embryonic myosin heavy chain temporal expression. Histologic observations illustrated that Nrf2-null mice displayed smaller, immature TA muscle fibers compared with WT counterparts on d 15 after CTX injury. Improvement in TA muscle morphology and gain in muscle mass evident in the WT mice was not noticeable in the Nrf2-null animals. Taken together these data show that the satellite cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation requires a functional Nrf2 system for effective healing following injury.-Shelar, S. B., Narasimhan, M., Shanmugam, G., Litovsky, S. H., Gounder, S. S., Karan, G., Arulvasu, C., Kensler, T. W., Hoidal, J. R., Darley-Usmar, V. M., Rajasekaran, N. S. Disruption of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2 antioxidant signaling: a mechanism for impaired activation of stem cells and delayed regeneration of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Balu Shelar
- Cardiac Aging and Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Madhusudhanan Narasimhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Gobinath Shanmugam
- Cardiac Aging and Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Silvio Hector Litovsky
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sellamuthu S Gounder
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine/Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas W Kensler
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John R Hoidal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine/Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Namakkal S Rajasekaran
- Cardiac Aging and Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine/Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA;
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LMNA mutations resulting in lipodystrophy and HIV protease inhibitors trigger vascular smooth muscle cell senescence and calcification: Role of ZMPSTE24 downregulation. Atherosclerosis 2016; 245:200-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Kovacic JC, Moreno P, Hachinski V, Nabel EG, Fuster V. Cellular senescence, vascular disease, and aging: Part 1 of a 2-part review. Circulation 2015; 123:1650-60. [PMID: 21502583 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.110.007021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
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41
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Medunjanin S, Daniel JM, Weinert S, Dutzmann J, Burgbacher F, Brecht S, Bruemmer D, Kahne T, Naumann M, Sedding DG, Zuschratter W, Braun-Dullaeus RC. DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) permits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through phosphorylation of the orphan nuclear receptor NOR1. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 106:488-97. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Aging is a complex, multifaceted process that induces a myriad of physiological changes over an extended period of time. Aging is accompanied by major biochemical and biomechanical changes at macroscopic and microscopic length scales that affect not only tissues and organs but also cells and subcellular organelles. These changes include transcriptional and epigenetic modifications; changes in energy production within mitochondria; and alterations in the overall mechanics of cells, their nuclei, and their surrounding extracellular matrix. In addition, aging influences the ability of cells to sense changes in extracellular-matrix compliance (mechanosensation) and to transduce these changes into biochemical signals (mechanotransduction). Moreover, following a complex positive-feedback loop, aging is accompanied by changes in the composition and structure of the extracellular matrix, resulting in changes in the mechanics of connective tissues in older individuals. Consequently, these progressive dysfunctions facilitate many human pathologies and deficits that are associated with aging, including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and neurodegenerative disorders and diseases. Here, we critically review recent work highlighting some of the primary biophysical changes occurring in cells and tissues that accompany the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude M Phillip
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
| | - Ivie Aifuwa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
| | - Jeremy Walston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
- Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
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Corella D, Ordovás JM. Aging and cardiovascular diseases: the role of gene-diet interactions. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 18:53-73. [PMID: 25159268 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the study of longevity, increasing importance is being placed on the concept of healthy aging rather than considering the total number of years lived. Although the concept of healthy lifespan needs to be defined better, we know that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main age-related diseases. Thus, controlling risk factors will contribute to reducing their incidence, leading to healthy lifespan. CVDs are complex diseases influenced by numerous genetic and environmental factors. Numerous gene variants that are associated with a greater or lesser risk of the different types of CVD and of intermediate phenotypes (i.e., hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes) have been successfully identified. However, despite the close link between aging and CVD, studies analyzing the genes related to human longevity have not obtained consistent results and there has been little coincidence in the genes identified in both fields. The APOE gene stands out as an exception, given that it has been identified as being relevant in CVD and longevity. This review analyzes the genomic and epigenomic factors that may contribute to this, ranging from identifying longevity genes in model organisms to the importance of gene-diet interactions (outstanding among which is the case of the TCF7L2 gene).
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45
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Trapeaux J, Busseuil D, Shi Y, Nobari S, Shustik D, Mecteau M, El-Hamamsy I, Lebel M, Mongrain R, Rhéaume E, Tardif JC. Improvement of aortic valve stenosis by ApoA-I mimetic therapy is associated with decreased aortic root and valve remodelling in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:1587-99. [PMID: 23638718 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We have shown that infusions of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) mimetic peptide induced regression of aortic valve stenosis (AVS) in rabbits. This study aimed at determining the effects of ApoA-I mimetic therapy in mice with calcific or fibrotic AVS. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-) ) mice and mice with Werner progeria gene deletion (Wrn(Δhel/Δhel) ) received high-fat diets for 20 weeks. After developing AVS, mice were randomized to receive saline (placebo group) or ApoA-I mimetic peptide infusions (ApoA-I treated groups, 100 mg·kg(-1) for ApoE(-/-) mice; 50 mg·kg(-1) for Wrn mice), three times per week for 4 weeks. We evaluated effects on AVS using serial echocardiograms and valve histology. KEY RESULTS Aortic valve area (AVA) increased in both ApoE(-/-) and Wrn mice treated with the ApoA-I mimetic compared with placebo. Maximal sinus wall thickness was lower in ApoA-I treated ApoE(-/-) mice. The type I/III collagen ratio was lower in the sinus wall of ApoA-I treated ApoE(-/-) mice compared with placebo. Total collagen content was reduced in aortic valves of ApoA-I treated Wrn mice. Our 3D computer model and numerical simulations confirmed that the reduction in aortic root wall thickness resulted in improved AVA. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS ApoA-I mimetic treatment reduced AVS by decreasing remodelling and fibrosis of the aortic root and valve in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Trapeaux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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46
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Prelamin A accumulation in endothelial cells induces premature senescence and functional impairment. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237:45-52. [PMID: 25200614 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects in lamin A maturation result in premature aging syndromes and severe atherosclerosis as observed in the Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. In age-related atherosclerosis, several features of cellular senescence have been characterized in endothelial cells including telomere shortening and increased oxidative stress. However, to date, very little is known about lamin A alterations in these cells. OBJECTIVES To study lamin A-related senescence and its consequences in the activation status of primary endothelial cells. METHODS Healthy primary endothelial cells and progenitors issued from human umbilical vein or cord blood were used. Lamin A defects were induced by protease inhibitor (Atazanavir) treatment for 48 h. RESULTS We show that protease inhibitor treatment leads to the accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A, inducing nuclear shape abnormalities and premature senescence in both differentiated and progenitor endothelial cells. ICAM-1-dependent activation and monocytes adhesion was increased in mature endothelial cells. In parallel, the ability to generate microvascular networks in matrigel was decreased for endothelial progenitors. The effects of protease inhibitor treatment on nuclear shapes were reversed when cells were treated in combination with Pravastatin and Zoledronate in both mature and progenitor endothelial cells. Reversion was also demonstrated with a morpholino antisense-oligonucleotide targeting lamin A-specific splice site. DISCUSSION This study shows that protease inhibitor treatment reproduces premature senescence due to lamin A defects in primary endothelial cells and progenitors after 48 h exposure. The cells used were non-aged as extracted from cord blood or umbilical vein, allowing one to consider that other senescence pathways were not activated and that the observed alterations were specific of prelamin A accumulation. Both mature endothelial cells and precursors were sensitive to prelamin accumulation and thus, could be used in the future as a valuable model to test different approaches aimed at specifically reversing lamin A-related cells senescence.
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Viceconte N, McKenna T, Eriksson M. Low levels of the reverse transactivator fail to induce target transgene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104098. [PMID: 25090270 PMCID: PMC4121313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a genetic disease with multiple features that are suggestive of premature aging. Most patients with HGPS carry a mutation on one of their copies of the LMNA gene. The LMNA gene encodes the lamin A and lamin C proteins, which are the major proteins of the nuclear lamina. The organs of the cardiovascular system are amongst those that are most severely affected in HGPS, undergoing a progressive depletion of vascular smooth muscle cells, and most children with HGPS die in their early teens from cardio-vascular disease and other complications from atherosclerosis. In this study, we developed a transgenic mouse model based on the tet-ON system to increase the understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to the most lethal aspect of HGPS. To induce the expression of the most common HGPS mutation, LMNA c.1824C>T; p.G608G, in the vascular smooth muscle cells of the aortic arch and thoracic aorta, we used the previously described reverse tetracycline-controlled transactivator, sm22α-rtTA. However, the expression of the reverse sm22α-transactivator was barely detectable in the arteries, and this low level of expression was not sufficient to induce the expression of the target human lamin A minigene. The results from this study are important because they suggest caution during the use of previously functional transgenic animal models and emphasize the importance of assessing transgene expression over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikenza Viceconte
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tomás McKenna
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Maria Eriksson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Huddinge, Sweden
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The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular aging. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:615312. [PMID: 25143940 PMCID: PMC4131065 DOI: 10.1155/2014/615312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Age is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease, even in the absence of other traditional factors.
Emerging evidence in experimental animal and human models has emphasized a central role for two main mechanisms
of age-related cardiovascular disease: oxidative stress and inflammation.
Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide generated by oxidative stress
and low-grade inflammation accompanying aging recapitulate age-related cardiovascular dysfunction,
that is, left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction in the heart as well as endothelial dysfunction,
reduced vascular elasticity, and increased vascular stiffness. We describe the signaling involved in these two
main mechanisms that include the factors NF-κB, JunD, p66Shc, and Nrf2.
Potential therapeutic strategies to improve the cardiovascular function with aging are discussed, with a focus on calorie restriction, SIRT1, and resveratrol.
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Braunwald E. 2014 Association of American Physicians George M. Kober Medal. Introduction of Elizabeth G. Nabel. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2827-31. [PMID: 24983422 DOI: 10.1172/jci77276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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50
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Miyamoto MI, Djabali K, Gordon LB. Atherosclerosis in Ancient Humans, Accelerated Aging Syndromes and Normal
Aging: Is Lamin A Protein a Common Link? Glob Heart 2014; 9:211-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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