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Xu B, Bahriz S, Salemme VR, Wang Y, Zhu C, Zhao M, Xiang YK. Differential Downregulation of β 1-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling in the Heart. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033733. [PMID: 38860414 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic sympathetic stimulation drives desensitization and downregulation of β1 adrenergic receptor (β1AR) in heart failure. We aim to explore the differential downregulation subcellular pools of β1AR signaling in the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS We applied chronic infusion of isoproterenol to induced cardiomyopathy in male C57BL/6J mice. We applied confocal and proximity ligation assay to examine β1AR association with L-type calcium channel, ryanodine receptor 2, and SERCA2a ((Sarco)endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a) and Förster resonance energy transfer-based biosensors to probe subcellular β1AR-PKA (protein kinase A) signaling in ventricular myocytes. Chronic infusion of isoproterenol led to reduced β1AR protein levels, receptor association with L-type calcium channel and ryanodine receptor 2 measured by proximity ligation (puncta/cell, 29.65 saline versus 14.17 isoproterenol, P<0.05), and receptor-induced PKA signaling at the plasma membrane (Förster resonance energy transfer, 28.9% saline versus 1.9% isoproterenol, P<0.05) and ryanodine receptor 2 complex (Förster resonance energy transfer, 30.2% saline versus 10.6% isoproterenol, P<0.05). However, the β1AR association with SERCA2a was enhanced (puncta/cell, 51.4 saline versus 87.5 isoproterenol, P<0.05), and the receptor signal was minimally affected. The isoproterenol-infused hearts displayed decreased PDE4D (phosphodiesterase 4D) and PDE3A and increased PDE2A, PDE4A, and PDE4B protein levels. We observed a reduced role of PDE4 and enhanced roles of PDE2 and PDE3 on the β1AR-PKA activity at the ryanodine receptor 2 complexes and myocyte shortening. Despite the enhanced β1AR association with SERCA2a, the endogenous norepinephrine-induced signaling was reduced at the SERCA2a complexes. Inhibiting monoamine oxidase A rescued the norepinephrine-induced PKA signaling at the SERCA2a and myocyte shortening. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals distinct mechanisms for the downregulation of subcellular β1AR signaling in the heart under chronic adrenergic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- VA Northern California Health Care System Mather CA USA
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Sherif Bahriz
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt
| | - Victoria R Salemme
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Meimi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Yang K Xiang
- VA Northern California Health Care System Mather CA USA
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
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2
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Dewenter M, Seitz T, Steinbrecher JH, Westenbrink BD, Ling H, Lehnart SE, Wehrens XHT, Backs J, Brown JH, Maier LS, Neef S. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIδC-induced chronic heart failure does not depend on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 38616546 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hyperactivity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has emerged as a central cause of pathologic remodelling in heart failure. It has been suggested that CaMKII-induced hyperphosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and consequently increased diastolic Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a crucial mechanism by which increased CaMKII activity leads to contractile dysfunction. We aim to evaluate the relevance of CaMKII-dependent RyR2 phosphorylation for CaMKII-induced heart failure development in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS We crossbred CaMKIIδC overexpressing [transgenic (TG)] mice with RyR2-S2814A knock-in mice that are resistant to CaMKII-dependent RyR2 phosphorylation. Ca2+-spark measurements on isolated ventricular myocytes confirmed the severe diastolic SR Ca2+ leak previously reported in CaMKIIδC TG [4.65 ± 0.73 mF/F0 vs. 1.88 ± 0.30 mF/F0 in wild type (WT)]. Crossing in the S2814A mutation completely prevented SR Ca2+-leak induction in the CaMKIIδC TG, both regarding Ca2+-spark size and frequency, demonstrating that the CaMKIIδC-induced SR Ca2+ leak entirely depends on the CaMKII-specific RyR2-S2814 phosphorylation. Yet, the RyR2-S2814A mutation did not affect the massive contractile dysfunction (ejection fraction = 12.17 ± 2.05% vs. 45.15 ± 3.46% in WT), cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight/tibia length = 24.84 ± 3.00 vs. 9.81 ± 0.50 mg/mm in WT), or severe premature mortality (median survival of 12 weeks) associated with cardiac CaMKIIδC overexpression. In the face of a prevented SR Ca2+ leak, the phosphorylation status of other critical CaMKII downstream targets that can drive heart failure, including transcriptional regulator histone deacetylase 4, as well as markers of pathological gene expression including Xirp2, Il6, and Col1a1, was equally increased in hearts from CaMKIIδC TG on a RyR WT and S2814A background. CONCLUSIONS S2814 phosphoresistance of RyR2 prevents the CaMKII-dependent SR Ca2+ leak induction but does not prevent the cardiomyopathic phenotype caused by enhanced CaMKIIδC activity. Our data indicate that additional mechanisms-independent of SR Ca2+ leak-are critical for the maladaptive effects of chronically increased CaMKIIδC activity with respect to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dewenter
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 8, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tilmann Seitz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia H Steinbrecher
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - B Daan Westenbrink
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Haiyun Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Johannes Backs
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 8, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg University & EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational AngioCardioScience (HI-TAC)-a branch of the MDC at Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lars S Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Neef
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany
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3
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Mattiazzi A, Kranias EG. Unleashing the Power of Genetics: PLN Ablation, Phospholambanopathies and Evolving Challenges. Circ Res 2024; 134:138-142. [PMID: 38236951 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Mattiazzi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Centro Cientifico Tecnologico-La Plata CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina (A.M.)
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH (E.G.K.)
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4
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Reyes Gaido OE, Nkashama LJ, Schole KL, Wang Q, Umapathi P, Mesubi OO, Konstantinidis K, Luczak ED, Anderson ME. CaMKII as a Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Disease. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 63:249-272. [PMID: 35973713 PMCID: PMC11019858 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-111814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
CaMKII (the multifunctional Ca2+ and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) is a highly validated signal for promoting a variety of common diseases, particularly in the cardiovascular system. Despite substantial amounts of convincing preclinical data, CaMKII inhibitors have yet to emerge in clinical practice. Therapeutic inhibition is challenged by the diversity of CaMKII isoforms and splice variants and by physiological CaMKII activity that contributes to learning and memory. Thus, uncoupling the harmful and beneficial aspects of CaMKII will be paramount to developing effective therapies. In the last decade, several targeting strategies have emerged, including small molecules, peptides, and nucleotides, which hold promise in discriminating pathological from physiological CaMKII activity. Here we review the cellular and molecular biology of CaMKII, discuss its role in physiological and pathological signaling, and consider new findings and approaches for developing CaMKII therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar E Reyes Gaido
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
| | | | - Kate L Schole
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
| | - Qinchuan Wang
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
| | - Priya Umapathi
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
| | - Olurotimi O Mesubi
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
| | - Klitos Konstantinidis
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
| | - Elizabeth D Luczak
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
| | - Mark E Anderson
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
- Departments of Physiology and Genetic Medicine and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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5
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Tow BD, Deb A, Neupane S, Patel SM, Reed M, Loper AB, Eliseev RA, Knollmann BC, Györke S, Liu B. SR-Mitochondria Crosstalk Shapes Ca Signalling to Impact Pathophenotype in Disease Models Marked by Dysregulated Intracellular Ca Release. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:2819-2832. [PMID: 34677619 PMCID: PMC9724772 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Diastolic Ca release (DCR) from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca release channel ryanodine receptor (RyR2) has been linked to multiple cardiac pathologies, but its exact role in shaping divergent cardiac pathologies remains unclear. We hypothesize that the SR-mitochondria interplay contributes to disease phenotypes by shaping Ca signalling. METHODS AND RESULTS A genetic model of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT2 model of CASQ2 knockout) and a pre-diabetic cardiomyopathy model of fructose-fed mice (FFD), both marked by DCR, are employed in this study. Mitochondria Ca (mCa) is modulated by pharmacologically targeting mitochondria Ca uniporter (MCU) or permeability transition pore (mPTP), mCa uptake, and extrusion mechanisms, respectively. An MCU activator abolished Ca waves in CPVT2 but exacerbated waves in FFD cells. Mechanistically this is ascribed to mitochondria's function as a Ca buffer or source of reactive oxygen species (mtROS) to exacerbate RyR2 functionality, respectively. Enhancing mCa uptake reduced and elevated mtROS production in CPVT2 and FFD, respectively. In CPVT2, mitochondria took up more Ca in permeabilized cells, and had higher level of mCa content in intact cells vs. FFD. Conditional ablation of MCU in the CPVT2 model caused lethality and cardiac remodelling, but reduced arrhythmias in the FFD model. In parallel, CPVT2 mitochondria also employ up-regulated mPTP-mediated Ca efflux to avoid mCa overload, as seen by elevated incidence of MitoWinks (an indicator of mPTP-mediated Ca efflux) vs. FFD. Both pharmacological and genetic inhibition of mPTP promoted mtROS production and exacerbation of myocyte Ca handling in CPVT2. Further, genetic inhibition of mPTP exacerbated arrhythmias in CPVT2. CONCLUSION In contrast to FFD, which is more susceptible to mtROS-dependent RyR2 leak, in CPVT2 mitochondria buffer SR-derived DCR to mitigate Ca-dependent pathological remodelling and rely on mPTP-mediated Ca efflux to avoid mCa overload. SR-mitochondria interplay contributes to the divergent pathologies by disparately shaping intracellular Ca signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Tow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd, Starkville, Mississippi, 39762, USA
| | - Arpita Deb
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd, Starkville, Mississippi, 39762, USA
| | - Shraddha Neupane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd, Starkville, Mississippi, 39762, USA
| | - Shuchi M Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd, Starkville, Mississippi, 39762, USA
| | - Meagan Reed
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd, Starkville, Mississippi, 39762, USA
| | - Anna-Beth Loper
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd, Starkville, Mississippi, 39762, USA
| | - Roman A Eliseev
- epartment of Orthopedics, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, New York 14624, USA
| | - Björn C Knollmann
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, USA
| | - Sándor Györke
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd, Starkville, Mississippi, 39762, USA
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6
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Kong L, Zhang Y, Ning J, Xu C, Wang Z, Yang J, Yang L. CaMKII
orchestrates endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity by regulating the
IRE1α
/
XBP1s
pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5303-5314. [PMID: 36111515 PMCID: PMC9575131 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lingheng Kong
- Department of Anaesthesiology Xi'an Children's Hospital Xi'an China
- Institute of Basic Medical Science Xi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science Xi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jiayi Ning
- Institute of Basic Medical Science Xi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Chennian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command Shenyang China
| | - Zhenyi Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology Xi'an Children's Hospital Xi'an China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Lifang Yang
- Department of Anaesthesiology Xi'an Children's Hospital Xi'an China
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7
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Valverde CA, Mattiazzi A. Increasing SR Ca uptake: A double-edge sword. J Physiol 2022; 600:1533-1534. [PMID: 35001395 DOI: 10.1113/jp282659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Valverde
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 60 y 120, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Alicia Mattiazzi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 60 y 120, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
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8
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Racioppi MF, Burgos JI, Morell M, Gonano LA, Vila Petroff M. Cellular Mechanisms Underlying the Low Cardiotoxicity of Istaroxime. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e018833. [PMID: 34219467 PMCID: PMC8483492 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Istaroxime is an inhibitor of Na+/K+ ATPase with proven efficacy to increase cardiac contractility and to accelerate relaxation attributable to a relief in phospholamban‐dependent inhibition of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase. We have previously shown that pharmacologic Na+/K+ ATPase inhibition promotes calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II activation, which mediates both cardiomyocyte death and arrhythmias. Here, we aim to compare the cardiotoxic effects promoted by classic pharmacologic Na+/K+ ATPase inhibition versus istaroxime. Methods and Results Ventricular cardiomyocytes were treated with ouabain or istaroxime at previously tested equi‐inotropic concentrations to compare their impact on cell viability, apoptosis, and calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II activation. In contrast to ouabain, istaroxime neither promoted calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II activation nor cardiomyocyte death. In addition, we explored the differential behavior promoted by ouabain and istaroxime on spontaneous diastolic Ca2+ release. In rat cardiomyocytes, istaroxime did not significantly increase Ca2+ spark and wave frequency but increased the proportion of aborted Ca2+ waves. Further insight was provided by studying cardiomyocytes from mice that do not express phospholamban. In this model, the lower Ca2+ wave incidence observed with istaroxime remains present, suggesting that istaroxime‐dependent relief on phospholamban‐dependent sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2A inhibition is not the unique mechanism underlying the low arrhythmogenic profile of this drug. Conclusions Our results indicate that, different from ouabain, istaroxime can reach a significant inotropic effect without leading to calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II–dependent cardiomyocyte death. Additionally, we provide novel insights regarding the low arrhythmogenic impact of istaroxime on cardiac Ca2+ handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Racioppi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Horacio Cingolani CONICET La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de La Plata Argentina
| | - Juan Ignacio Burgos
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Horacio Cingolani CONICET La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de La Plata Argentina
| | - Malena Morell
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Horacio Cingolani CONICET La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de La Plata Argentina
| | - Luis Alberto Gonano
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Horacio Cingolani CONICET La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de La Plata Argentina
| | - Martín Vila Petroff
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Horacio Cingolani CONICET La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de La Plata Argentina
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9
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Wang L, Myles RC, Lee IJ, Bers DM, Ripplinger CM. Role of Reduced Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase Function on Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca 2+ Alternans in the Intact Rabbit Heart. Front Physiol 2021; 12:656516. [PMID: 34045974 PMCID: PMC8144333 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.656516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ cycling is tightly regulated by ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca2+ release and sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) Ca2+ uptake during each excitation–contraction coupling cycle. We previously showed that RyR refractoriness plays a key role in the onset of SR Ca2+ alternans in the intact rabbit heart, which contributes to arrhythmogenic action potential duration (APD) alternans. Recent studies have also implicated impaired SERCA function, a key feature of heart failure, in cardiac alternans and arrhythmias. However, the relationship between reduced SERCA function and SR Ca2+ alternans is not well understood. Simultaneous optical mapping of transmembrane potential (Vm) and SR Ca2+ was performed in isolated rabbit hearts (n = 10) using the voltage-sensitive dye RH237 and the low-affinity Ca2+ indicator Fluo-5N-AM. Alternans was induced by rapid ventricular pacing. SERCA was inhibited with cyclopiazonic acid (CPA; 1–10 μM). SERCA inhibition (1, 5, and 10 μM of CPA) resulted in dose-dependent slowing of SR Ca2+ reuptake, with the time constant (tau) increasing from 70.8 ± 3.5 ms at baseline to 85.5 ± 6.6, 129.9 ± 20.7, and 271.3 ± 37.6 ms, respectively (p < 0.05 vs. baseline for all doses). At fast pacing frequencies, CPA significantly increased the magnitude of SR Ca2+ and APD alternans, most strongly at 10 μM (pacing cycle length = 220 ms: SR Ca2+ alternans magnitude: 57.1 ± 4.7 vs. 13.4 ± 8.9 AU; APD alternans magnitude 3.8 ± 1.9 vs. 0.2 ± 0.19 AU; p < 0.05 10 μM of CPA vs. baseline for both). SERCA inhibition also promoted the emergence of spatially discordant alternans. Notably, at all CPA doses, alternation of SR Ca2+ release occurred prior to alternation of diastolic SR Ca2+ load as pacing frequency increased. Simultaneous optical mapping of SR Ca2+ and Vm in the intact rabbit heart revealed that SERCA inhibition exacerbates pacing-induced SR Ca2+ and APD alternans magnitude, particularly at fast pacing frequencies. Importantly, SR Ca2+ release alternans always occurred before the onset of SR Ca2+ load alternans. These findings suggest that even in settings of diminished SERCA function, relative refractoriness of RyR Ca2+ release governs the onset of intracellular Ca2+ alternans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianguo Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Rachel C Myles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - I-Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Crystal M Ripplinger
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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10
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Duran J, Nickel L, Estrada M, Backs J, van den Hoogenhof MMG. CaMKIIδ Splice Variants in the Healthy and Diseased Heart. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:644630. [PMID: 33777949 PMCID: PMC7991079 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.644630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing has been recognized in recent years as a pivotal player in heart development and disease. The Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II delta (CaMKIIδ) is a multifunctional Ser/Thr kinase family and generates at least 11 different splice variants through alternative splicing. This enzyme, which belongs to the CaMKII family, is the predominant family member in the heart and functions as a messenger toward adaptive or detrimental signaling in cardiomyocytes. Classically, the nuclear CaMKIIδB and cytoplasmic CaMKIIδC splice variants are described as mediators of arrhythmias, contractile function, Ca2+ handling, and gene transcription. Recent findings also put CaMKIIδA and CaMKIIδ9 as cardinal players in the global CaMKII response in the heart. In this review, we discuss and summarize the new insights into CaMKIIδ splice variants and their (proposed) functions, as well as CaMKII-engineered mouse phenotypes and cardiac dysfunction related to CaMKIIδ missplicing. We also discuss RNA splicing factors affecting CaMKII splicing. Finally, we discuss the translational perspective derived from these insights and future directions on CaMKIIδ splicing research in the healthy and diseased heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Duran
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lennart Nickel
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Estrada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maarten M G van den Hoogenhof
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Shimada BK, Yorichika N, Higa JK, Baba Y, Kobayashi M, Aoyagi T, Suhara T, Matsui T. mTOR-mediated calcium transients affect cardiac function in ex vivo ischemia-reperfusion injury. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14807. [PMID: 33769701 PMCID: PMC7995667 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key mediator of energy metabolism, cell growth, and survival. While previous studies using transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of mTOR (mTOR-Tg) demonstrated the protective effects of cardiac mTOR against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in both ex vivo and in vivo models, the mechanisms underlying the role of cardiac mTOR in cardiac function following I/R injury are not well-understood. Torin1, a pharmacological inhibitor of mTOR complex (mTORC) 1 and mTORC2, significantly decreased functional recovery of LV developed pressure in ex vivo I/R models (p < 0.05). To confirm the role of mTOR complexes in I/R injury, we generated cardiac-specific mTOR-knockout (CKO) mice. In contrast to the effects of Torin1, CKO hearts recovered better after I/R injury than control hearts (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the CKO hearts had exhibited irregular contractions during the reperfusion phase. Calcium is a major factor in Excitation-Contraction (EC) coupling via Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) calcium release. Calcium is also key in opening the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and cell death following I/R injury. Caffeine-induced SR calcium release in isolated CMs showed that total SR calcium content was lower in CKO than in control CMs. Western blotting showed that a significant amount of mTOR localizes to the SR/mitochondria and that GSK3-β phosphorylation, a key factor in SR calcium mobilization, was decreased. These findings suggest that cardiac mTOR located to the SR/mitochondria plays a vital role in EC coupling and cell survival in I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana K. Shimada
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and PhysiologyCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai‘i at ManoaHonoluluHawai‘iUSA
| | - Naaiko Yorichika
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and PhysiologyCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai‘i at ManoaHonoluluHawai‘iUSA
| | - Jason K. Higa
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and PhysiologyCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai‘i at ManoaHonoluluHawai‘iUSA
| | - Yuichi Baba
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and PhysiologyCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai‘i at ManoaHonoluluHawai‘iUSA
- Department of Cardiology and GeriatricsKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityKochiJapan
| | - Motoi Kobayashi
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and PhysiologyCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai‘i at ManoaHonoluluHawai‘iUSA
| | - Toshinori Aoyagi
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and PhysiologyCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai‘i at ManoaHonoluluHawai‘iUSA
| | - Tomohiro Suhara
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and PhysiologyCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai‘i at ManoaHonoluluHawai‘iUSA
- Department of AnesthesiologyKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Matsui
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and PhysiologyCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai‘i at ManoaHonoluluHawai‘iUSA
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Mattiazzi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina (A.M.)
| | - Jil C Tardiff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson (J.C.T.)
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH (E.G.K.)
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13
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Stress-driven cardiac calcium mishandling via a kinase-to-kinase crosstalk. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:363-375. [PMID: 33590296 PMCID: PMC7940337 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02533-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Calcium homeostasis in the cardiomyocyte is critical to the regulation of normal cardiac function. Abnormal calcium dynamics such as altered uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase and increased diastolic SR calcium leak are involved in the development of maladaptive cardiac remodeling under pathological conditions. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-δ (CaMKIIδ) is a well-recognized key molecule in calcium dysregulation in cardiomyocytes. Elevated cellular stress is known as a common feature during pathological remodeling, and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is an important stress kinase that is activated in response to intrinsic and extrinsic stress stimuli. Our lab recently identified specific actions of JNK isoform 2 (JNK2) in CaMKIIδ expression, activation, and CaMKIIδ-dependent SR Ca2+ mishandling in the stressed heart. This review focuses on the current understanding of cardiac SR calcium handling under physiological and pathological conditions as well as the newly identified contribution of the stress kinase JNK2 in CaMKIIδ-dependent SR Ca2+ abnormal mishandling. The new findings identifying dual roles of JNK2 in CaMKIIδ expression and activation are also discussed in this review.
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14
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Sepúlveda M, Burgos JI, Ciocci Pardo A, González Arbelaez L, Mosca S, Vila Petroff M. CaMKII-dependent ryanodine receptor phosphorylation mediates sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 24:9627-9637. [PMID: 33460250 PMCID: PMC7520277 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is associated with cardiac dysfunction, which is at least in part due to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanisms are far from being understood. Using the colon ascendens stent peritonitis mouse model of sepsis (CASP), we examined the subcellular mechanisms that mediate sepsis‐induced apoptosis. Wild‐type (WT) CASP mice hearts showed an increase in apoptosis respect to WT‐Sham. CASP transgenic mice expressing a CaMKII inhibitory peptide (AC3‐I) were protected against sepsis‐induced apoptosis. Dantrolene, used to reduce ryanodine receptor (RyR) diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release, prevented apoptosis in WT‐CASP. To examine whether CaMKII‐dependent RyR2 phosphorylation mediates diastolic Ca2+ release and apoptosis in sepsis, we evaluated apoptosis in mutant mice hearts that have the CaMKII phosphorylation site of RyR2 (Serine 2814) mutated to Alanine (S2814A). S2814A CASP mice did not show increased apoptosis. Consistent with RyR2 phosphorylation‐dependent enhancement in diastolic SR Ca2+ release leading to mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity was reduced in mitochondria isolated from WT‐CASP compared to Sham and this reduction was absent in mitochondria from CASP S2814A or dantrolene‐treated mice. We conclude that in sepsis, CaMKII‐dependent RyR2 phosphorylation results in diastolic Ca2+ release from SR which leads to mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Sepúlveda
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Conicet La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Ignacio Burgos
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Conicet La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Ciocci Pardo
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Conicet La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luisa González Arbelaez
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Conicet La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Susana Mosca
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Conicet La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martin Vila Petroff
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Conicet La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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15
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Liang X, Wang S, Wang L, Ceylan AF, Ren J, Zhang Y. Mitophagy inhibitor liensinine suppresses doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibition of Drp1-mediated maladaptive mitochondrial fission. Pharmacol Res 2020; 157:104846. [PMID: 32339784 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective antineoplastic drugs. However, its clinical application has been greatly limited due to the development of cardiotoxicity with DOX utilization. A number of theories have been postulated for DOX-induced cardiotoxicity with a pivotal contribution from unchecked (excess) mitophagy and mitochondrial fission. Liensinine (LIEN), a newly identified mitophagy inhibitor, strengthens the antineoplastic efficacy of DOX although its action on hearts remains elusive. This study was designed to examine the effect of LIEN on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms involved with a focus on mitochondrial dynamics. Our data revealed that LIEN alleviated DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction and apoptosis through inhibition of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated excess (unchecked) mitochondrial fission. LIEN treatment decreased Drp1 phosphorylation at Ser616 site, inhibited mitochondrial fragmentation, mitophagy (assessed by TOM20 and TIM23), oxidative stress, cytochrome C leakage, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, as well as improved mitochondrial function and cardiomyocyte contractile function in DOX-induced cardiac injury. In DOX-challenged neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes (NMVMs), LIEN-suppressed Drp1 phosphorylation, mitochondrial fragmentation, and apoptosis were blunted by Rab7 overexpression, the effect of which was reversed by the ERK inhibitor U0126. Moreover, activation of ERK or Drp1 abolished the protective effects of LIEN on cardiomyocyte mechanical anomalies. These data shed some lights towards understanding the role of LIEN as a new protective agent against DOX-associated cardiotoxicity without compromising its anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Physiology, Basic Medicine College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Asli F Ceylan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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16
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Conditional Up-Regulation of SERCA2a Exacerbates RyR2-Dependent Ventricular and Atrial Arrhythmias. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072535. [PMID: 32260593 PMCID: PMC7178036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and SERCA2a are two major players in myocyte calcium (Ca) cycling that are modulated physiologically, affected by disease and thus considered to be potential targets for cardiac disease therapy. However, how RyR2 and SERCA2a influence each others’ activities, as well as the primary and secondary consequences of their combined manipulations remain controversial. In this study, we examined the effect of acute upregulation of SERCA2a on arrhythmogenesis by conditionally overexpressing SERCA2a in a mouse model featuring hyperactive RyR2s due to ablation of calsequestrin 2 (CASQ2). CASQ2 knock-out (KO) mice were crossbred with doxycycline (DOX)-inducible SERCA2a transgenic mice to generate KO-TG mice. In-vivo ECG studies have shown that induction of SERCA2a (DOX+) overexpression markedly exacerbated both ventricular and atrial arrhythmias in vivo, compared with uninduced KO-TG mice (DOX-). Consistent with that, confocal microscopy in both atrial and ventricular myocytes demonstrated that conditional upregulation of SERCA2a enhanced the rate of occurrence of diastolic Ca release events. Additionally, deep RNA sequencing identified 17 downregulated genes and 5 upregulated genes in DOX+ mice, among which Ppp1r13l, Clcn1, and Agt have previously been linked to arrhythmias. Our results suggest that conditional upregulation of SERCA2a exacerbates hyperactive RyR2-mediated arrhythmias by further elevating diastolic Ca release.
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17
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Zhou F, Du G, Xie J, Gu J, Jia Q, Fan Y, Yu H, Zha Z, Wang K, Ouyang L, Shao L, Feng C, Fan G. RyRs mediate lead-induced neurodegenerative disorders through calcium signaling pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134901. [PMID: 31710906 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal lead (Pb) is widely distributed in the environment and can induce neurodegeneration. Accumulating evidence has shown that ryanodine receptors (RyRs) play vital roles in neurodegenerative brain. However, whether aberrant RyRs levels contribute to Pb-induced neurodegeneration has largely remained unknown. In the present study, we report the important role of elevated levels of RyRs in Pb-induced neurodegeneration. Pb was found to upregulate the levels of RyRs in the rat hippocampal tissues and rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Furthermore, exposure to Pb induced neurodegenerative cognitive impairment in rats, depressed the long-term potentiation (LTP) in the rat brain slices, increased the neuronal intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), inhibited the phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) as well as the expression of anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), and activated the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (Erk) protein both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the knockdown of RyR3 in PC12 cells significantly decreased the [Ca2+]i levels, increased the CaMKIIα and CREB phosphorylation, decrease the phosphorylation of Erk, and elongated the cognitive function-related neurite outgrowth after exposure to Pb. Moreover, treatment with a RyRs agonist showed the involvement of RyRs in Pb-induced depression in LTP in the rat brain slices. In summary, we determined that Pb-mediated upregulation of RyRs led to neurodegeneration via high levels of free calcium, depression of the calcium-dependent CaMKIIα/CREB mnemonic signaling pathway, and activation of the calcium-dependent Erk/Bcl2 apoptotic signaling pathway. These findings on the impact of Pb on the levels of RyRs could further improve our understanding of Pb-induced neurotoxicity and provide a promising molecular target to antagonize Pb-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fankun Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Guihua Du
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Junwang Gu
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Qiyue Jia
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Han Yu
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Zha
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Lu Ouyang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Lijian Shao
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Chang Feng
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Guangqin Fan
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
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18
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Brain activity regulates loose coupling between mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca 2+ transients. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5277. [PMID: 31754099 PMCID: PMC6872662 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial calcium ([Ca2+]mito) dynamics plays vital roles in regulating fundamental cellular and organellar functions including bioenergetics. However, neuronal [Ca2+]mito dynamics in vivo and its regulation by brain activity are largely unknown. By performing two-photon Ca2+ imaging in the primary motor (M1) and visual cortexes (V1) of awake behaving mice, we find that discrete [Ca2+]mito transients occur synchronously over somatic and dendritic mitochondrial network, and couple with cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]cyto) transients in a probabilistic, rather than deterministic manner. The amplitude, duration, and frequency of [Ca2+]cyto transients constitute important determinants of the coupling, and the coupling fidelity is greatly increased during treadmill running (in M1 neurons) and visual stimulation (in V1 neurons). Moreover, Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II is mechanistically involved in modulating the dynamic coupling process. Thus, activity-dependent dynamic [Ca2+]mito-to-[Ca2+]cyto coupling affords an important mechanism whereby [Ca2+]mito decodes brain activity for the regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics to meet fluctuating neuronal energy demands as well as for neuronal information processing.
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Suetomi T, Miyamoto S, Brown JH. Inflammation in nonischemic heart disease: initiation by cardiomyocyte CaMKII and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H877-H890. [PMID: 31441689 PMCID: PMC6879920 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00223.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is substantial evidence that chronic heart failure in humans and in animal models is associated with inflammation. Ischemic interventions such as myocardial infarction lead to necrotic cell death and release of damage associated molecular patterns, factors that signal cell damage and induce expression of proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines. It has recently become evident that nonischemic interventions are also associated with increases in inflammatory genes and immune cell accumulation in the heart and that these contribute to fibrosis and ventricular dysfunction. How proinflammatory responses are elicited in nonischemic heart disease which is not, at least initially, associated with cell death is a critical unanswered question. In this review we provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that cardiomyocytes are an initiating site of inflammatory gene expression in response to nonischemic stress. Furthermore we discuss the role of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-regulated kinase, CaMKIIδ, as a transducer of stress signals to nuclear factor-κB activation, expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and priming and activation of the NOD-like pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in cardiomyocytes. We summarize recent evidence that subsequent macrophage recruitment, fibrosis and contractile dysfunction induced by angiotensin II infusion or transverse aortic constriction are ameliorated by blockade of CaMKII, of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/C-C chemokine receptor type 2 signaling, or of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Suetomi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Suetomi T, Willeford A, Brand CS, Cho Y, Ross RS, Miyamoto S, Brown JH. Inflammation and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Initiated in Response to Pressure Overload by Ca 2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II δ Signaling in Cardiomyocytes Are Essential for Adverse Cardiac Remodeling. Circulation 2019; 138:2530-2544. [PMID: 30571348 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.034621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is associated with cardiac remodeling and heart failure, but how it is initiated in response to nonischemic interventions in the absence of cell death is not known. We tested the hypothesis that activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δ (CaMKIIδ) in cardiomyocytes (CMs) in response to pressure overload elicits inflammatory responses leading to adverse remodeling. METHODS Mice in which CaMKIIδ was selectively deleted from CMs (cardiac-specific knockout [CKO]) and floxed control mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). The effects of CM-specific CaMKIIδ deletion on inflammatory gene expression, inflammasome activation, macrophage accumulation, and fibrosis were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, histochemistry, and ventricular remodeling by echocardiography. RESULTS TAC induced increases in cardiac mRNA levels for proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines in ≤3 days, and these responses were significantly blunted when CM CaMKIIδ was deleted. Apoptotic and necrotic cell death were absent at this time. CMs isolated from TAC hearts mirrored these robust increases in gene expression, which were markedly attenuated in CKO. Priming and activation of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 inflammasome, assessed by measuring interleukin-1β and NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 mRNA levels, caspase-1 activity, and interleukin-18 cleavage, were increased at day 3 after TAC in control hearts and in CMs isolated from these hearts. These responses were dependent on CaMKIIδ and associated with activation of Nuclear Factor-kappa B and reactive oxygen species. Accumulation of macrophages observed at days 7 to 14 after TAC was diminished in CKO and, by blocking Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 signaling, deletion of CM Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 or inhibition of inflammasome activation. Fibrosis was also attenuated by these interventions and in the CKO heart. Ventricular dilation and contractile dysfunction observed at day 42 after TAC were diminished in the CKO. Inhibition of CaMKII, Nuclear Factor-kappa B, inflammasome, or Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 signaling in the first 1 or 2 weeks after TAC decreased remodeling, but inhibition of CaMKII after 2 weeks did not. CONCLUSIONS Activation of CaMKIIδ in response to pressure overload triggers inflammatory gene expression and activation of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 inflammasome in CMs. These responses provide signals for macrophage recruitment, fibrosis, and myocardial dysfunction in the heart. Our work suggests the importance of targeting early inflammatory responses induced by CM CaMKIIδ signaling to prevent progression to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Suetomi
- Department of Pharmacology (T.S., A.W., C.S.B., S.M., J.H.B.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Andrew Willeford
- Department of Pharmacology (T.S., A.W., C.S.B., S.M., J.H.B.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Cameron S Brand
- Department of Pharmacology (T.S., A.W., C.S.B., S.M., J.H.B.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Yoshitake Cho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.C., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Robert S Ross
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.C., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla.,Veterans Administration Healthcare System, San Diego, CA (R.S.R.)
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology (T.S., A.W., C.S.B., S.M., J.H.B.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology (T.S., A.W., C.S.B., S.M., J.H.B.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
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21
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Gao X, Wu X, Yan J, Zhang J, Zhao W, DeMarco D, Zhang Y, Bakhos M, Mignery G, Sun J, Li Z, Fill M, Ai X. Transcriptional regulation of stress kinase JNK2 in pro-arrhythmic CaMKIIδ expression in the aged atrium. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:737-746. [PMID: 29360953 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is a critical stress response kinase that activates in a wide range of physiological and pathological cellular processes. We recently discovered a pivotal role of JNK in the development of atrial arrhythmias in the aged heart, while cardiac CaMKIIδ, another pro-arrhythmic molecule, was also known to enhance atrial arrhythmogenicity. Here, we aimed to reveal a regulatory role of the stress kinase JNK2 isoform on CaMKIIδ expression. Methods and results Activated JNK2 leads to increased CaMKIIδ protein expression in aged human and mouse atria, evidenced from the reversal of CaMKIIδ up-regulation in JNK2 inhibitor treated wild-type aged mice. This JNK2 action in CaMKIIδ expression was further confirmed in HL-1 myocytes co-infected with AdMKK7D-JNK2, but not when co-infected with AdMKK7D-JNK1. JNK2-specific inhibition (either by a JNK2 inhibitor or overexpression of inactivated dominant-negative JNK2 (JNK2dn) completely attenuated JNK activator anisomycin-induced CaMKIIδ up-regulation in HL-1 myocytes, whereas overexpression of JNK1dn did not. Moreover, up-regulated CaMKIIδ mRNA along with substantially increased phosphorylation of JNK downstream transcription factor c-jun [but not activating transcription factor2 (ATF2)] were exhibited in both aged atria (humans and mice) and transiently JNK activated HL-1 myocytes. Cross-linked chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays (XChIP) revealed that both c-jun and ATF2 were bound to the CaMKIIδ promoter, but significantly increased binding of c-jun only occurred in the presence of anisomycin and JNK inhibition alleviated this anisomycin-elevated c-jun binding. Mutated CaMKII consensus c-jun binding sites impaired its promoter activity. Enhanced transcriptional activity of CaMKIIδ by anisomycin was also completely reversed to the baseline by either JNK2 siRNA or c-jun siRNA knockdown. Conclusion JNK2 activation up-regulates CaMKIIδ expression in the aged atrium. This JNK2 regulation in CaMKIIδ expression occurs at the transcription level through the JNK downstream transcription factor c-jun. The discovery of this novel molecular mechanism of JNK2-regulated CaMKII expression sheds new light on possible anti-arrhythmia drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Gao
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jiajie Yan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jingqun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dominic DeMarco
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yongguo Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mamdouh Bakhos
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Gregory Mignery
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, KY, USA
| | - Michael Fill
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xun Ai
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Gamu D, Juracic ES, Hall KJ, Tupling AR. The sarcoplasmic reticulum and SERCA: a nexus for muscular adaptive thermogenesis. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:1-10. [PMID: 31116956 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We are currently facing an "obesity epidemic" worldwide. Promoting inefficient metabolism in muscle represents a potential treatment for obesity and its complications. Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) pumps in muscle are responsible for maintaining low cytosolic Ca2+ concentration through the ATP-dependent pumping of Ca2+ from the cytosol into the SR lumen. SERCA activity has the potential to be a critical regulator of body mass and adiposity given that it is estimated to contribute upwards of 20% of daily energy expenditure. More interestingly, this fraction can be modified physiologically in the face of stressors, such as ambient temperature and diet, through its physical interaction with several regulators known to inhibit Ca2+ uptake and muscle function. In this review, we discuss advances in our understanding of Ca2+-cycling thermogenesis within skeletal muscle, focusing on SERCA and its protein regulators, which were thought previously to only modulate muscular contractility. Novelty ATP consumption by SERCA pumps comprises a large proportion of resting energy expenditure in muscle and is dynamically regulated through interactions with small SERCA regulatory proteins. SERCA efficiency correlates significantly with resting metabolism, such that individuals with a higher resting metabolic rate have less energetically efficient SERCA Ca2+ pumping in muscle (i.e., lower coupling ratio). Futile Ca2+ cycling is a versatile heat generating mechanism utilized by both skeletal muscle and beige fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gamu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Emma Sara Juracic
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Karlee J Hall
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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23
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Ito A, Ohnuki Y, Suita K, Ishikawa M, Mototani Y, Shiozawa K, Kawamura N, Yagisawa Y, Nariyama M, Umeki D, Nakamura Y, Okumura S. Role of β-adrenergic signaling in masseter muscle. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215539. [PMID: 30986276 PMCID: PMC6464212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, the major isoform of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) is β2-AR and the minor isoform is β1-AR, which is opposite to the situation in cardiac muscle. Despite extensive studies in cardiac muscle, the physiological roles of the β-AR subtypes in skeletal muscle are not fully understood. Therefore, in this work, we compared the effects of chronic β1- or β2-AR activation with a specific β1-AR agonist, dobutamine (DOB), or a specific β2-AR agonist, clenbuterol (CB), on masseter and cardiac muscles in mice. In cardiac muscle, chronic β1-AR stimulation induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and myocyte apoptosis, whereas chronic β2-AR stimulation induced cardiac hypertrophy without histological abnormalities. In masseter muscle, however, chronic β1-AR stimulation did not induce muscle hypertrophy, but did induce fibrosis and apoptosis concomitantly with increased levels of p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) (Thr-202/Tyr-204), calmodulin kinase II (Thr-286) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (Ser-2481) phosphorylation. On the other hand, chronic β2-AR stimulation in masseter muscle induced muscle hypertrophy without histological abnormalities, as in the case of cardiac muscle, concomitantly with phosphorylation of Akt (Ser-473) and mTOR (Ser-2448) and increased expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II, an autophagosome marker. These results suggest that the β1-AR pathway is deleterious and the β2-AR is protective in masseter muscle. These data should be helpful in developing pharmacological approaches for the treatment of skeletal muscle wasting and weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Ito
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ohnuki
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenji Suita
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Misao Ishikawa
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Mototani
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kouichi Shiozawa
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoya Kawamura
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuka Yagisawa
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Megumi Nariyama
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Umeki
- Department of Orthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okumura
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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24
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Hegyi B, Bers DM, Bossuyt J. CaMKII signaling in heart diseases: Emerging role in diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 127:246-259. [PMID: 30633874 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is upregulated in diabetes and significantly contributes to cardiac remodeling with increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. Diabetes is frequently associated with atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, which may further enhance CaMKII. Activation of CaMKII occurs downstream of neurohormonal stimulation (e.g. via G-protein coupled receptors) and involve various posttranslational modifications including autophosphorylation, oxidation, S-nitrosylation and O-GlcNAcylation. CaMKII signaling regulates diverse cellular processes in a spatiotemporal manner including excitation-contraction and excitation-transcription coupling, mechanics and energetics in cardiac myocytes. Chronic activation of CaMKII results in cellular remodeling and ultimately arrhythmogenic alterations in Ca2+ handling, ion channels, cell-to-cell coupling and metabolism. This review addresses the detrimental effects of the upregulated CaMKII signaling to enhance the arrhythmogenic substrate and trigger mechanisms in the heart. We also briefly summarize preclinical studies using kinase inhibitors and genetically modified mice targeting CaMKII in diabetes. The mechanistic understanding of CaMKII signaling, cardiac remodeling and arrhythmia mechanisms may reveal new therapeutic targets and ultimately better treatment in diabetes and heart disease in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Julie Bossuyt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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25
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Hamilton S, Terentyev D. Proarrhythmic Remodeling of Calcium Homeostasis in Cardiac Disease; Implications for Diabetes and Obesity. Front Physiol 2018. [PMID: 30425651 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01517, 10.3389/fpls.2018.01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid growth in the incidence of diabetes and obesity has transpired to a major heath issue and economic burden in the postindustrial world, with more than 29 million patients affected in the United States alone. Cardiovascular defects have been established as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity of diabetic patients. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in delineating mechanisms responsible for the diminished cardiac contractile function and enhanced propensity for malignant cardiac arrhythmias characteristic of diabetic disease. Rhythmic cardiac contractility relies upon the precise interplay between several cellular Ca2+ transport protein complexes including plasmalemmal L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC), Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1), Sarco/endoplasmic Reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCa2a) and ryanodine receptors (RyR2s), the SR Ca2+ release channels. Here we provide an overview of changes in Ca2+ homeostasis in diabetic ventricular myocytes and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting Ca2+ handling proteins in the prevention of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
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26
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Hamilton S, Terentyev D. Proarrhythmic Remodeling of Calcium Homeostasis in Cardiac Disease; Implications for Diabetes and Obesity. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1517. [PMID: 30425651 PMCID: PMC6218530 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid growth in the incidence of diabetes and obesity has transpired to a major heath issue and economic burden in the postindustrial world, with more than 29 million patients affected in the United States alone. Cardiovascular defects have been established as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity of diabetic patients. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in delineating mechanisms responsible for the diminished cardiac contractile function and enhanced propensity for malignant cardiac arrhythmias characteristic of diabetic disease. Rhythmic cardiac contractility relies upon the precise interplay between several cellular Ca2+ transport protein complexes including plasmalemmal L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC), Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1), Sarco/endoplasmic Reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCa2a) and ryanodine receptors (RyR2s), the SR Ca2+ release channels. Here we provide an overview of changes in Ca2+ homeostasis in diabetic ventricular myocytes and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting Ca2+ handling proteins in the prevention of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
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27
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Hamilton S, Terentyev D. Proarrhythmic Remodeling of Calcium Homeostasis in Cardiac Disease; Implications for Diabetes and Obesity. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1517. [PMID: 30425651 PMCID: PMC6218530 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01517,+10.3389/fpls.2018.01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid growth in the incidence of diabetes and obesity has transpired to a major heath issue and economic burden in the postindustrial world, with more than 29 million patients affected in the United States alone. Cardiovascular defects have been established as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity of diabetic patients. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in delineating mechanisms responsible for the diminished cardiac contractile function and enhanced propensity for malignant cardiac arrhythmias characteristic of diabetic disease. Rhythmic cardiac contractility relies upon the precise interplay between several cellular Ca2+ transport protein complexes including plasmalemmal L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC), Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1), Sarco/endoplasmic Reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCa2a) and ryanodine receptors (RyR2s), the SR Ca2+ release channels. Here we provide an overview of changes in Ca2+ homeostasis in diabetic ventricular myocytes and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting Ca2+ handling proteins in the prevention of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States,Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States,Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States,*Correspondence: Dmitry Terentyev,
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28
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Activation of CaMKIIδA promotes Ca 2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiomyocytes of chronic heart failure rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1604-1612. [PMID: 29900930 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II isoform δA (CaMKIIδA) disturbs intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiomyocytes during chronic heart failure (CHF). We hypothesized that upregulation of CaMKIIδA in cardiomyocytes might enhance Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) via activation of phosphorylated ryanodine receptor type 2 (P-RyR2) and decrease Ca2+ uptake by inhibition of SR calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a). In this study, CHF was induced in rats by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. We found that CHF caused an increase in the expression of CaMKIIδA and P-RyR2 in the left ventricle (LV). The role of CaMKIIδA in regulation of P-RyR2 was elucidated in cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal rats in vitro. Hypoxia induced upregulation of CaMKIIδA and activation of P-RyR2 in the cardiomyocytes, which both were attenuated by knockdown of CaMKIIδA. Furthermore, we showed that knockdown of CaMKIIδA significantly decreased the Ca2+ leak from the SR elicited by hypoxia in the cardiomyocytes. In addition, CHF also induced a downregulation of SERCA2a in the LV of CHF rats. Knockdown of CaMKIIδA normalized hypoxia-induced downregulation of SERCA2a in cardiomyocytes in vitro. The results demonstrate that the inhibition of CaMKIIδA may improve cardiac function by preventing SR Ca2+ leak through downregulation of P-RyR2 and upregulation of SERCA2a expression in cardiomyocytes in CHF.
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29
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Giorgi C, Marchi S, Pinton P. The machineries, regulation and cellular functions of mitochondrial calcium. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2018; 19:713-730. [PMID: 30143745 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-018-0052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ions (Ca2+) are some of the most versatile signalling molecules, and they have many physiological functions, prominently including muscle contraction, neuronal excitability, cell migration and cell growth. By sequestering and releasing Ca2+, mitochondria serve as important regulators of cellular Ca2+. Mitochondrial Ca2+ also has other important functions, such as regulation of mitochondrial metabolism, ATP production and cell death. In recent years, identification of the molecular machinery regulating mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation and efflux has expanded the number of (patho)physiological conditions that rely on mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. Thus, expanding the understanding of the mechanisms of mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation and function in different cell types is an important task in biomedical research, which offers the possibility of targeting mitochondrial Ca2+ machinery for the treatment of several disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. .,Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy.
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30
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Yan J, Zhao W, Thomson JK, Gao X, DeMarco DM, Carrillo E, Chen B, Wu X, Ginsburg KS, Bakhos M, Bers DM, Anderson ME, Song LS, Fill M, Ai X. Stress Signaling JNK2 Crosstalk With CaMKII Underlies Enhanced Atrial Arrhythmogenesis. Circ Res 2018; 122:821-835. [PMID: 29352041 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.312536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia, and advanced age is an inevitable and predominant AF risk factor. However, the mechanisms that couple aging and AF propensity remain unclear, making targeted therapeutic interventions unattainable. OBJECTIVE To explore the functional role of an important stress response JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ handling and consequently Ca2+-mediated atrial arrhythmias. METHODS AND RESULTS We used a series of cutting-edge electrophysiological and molecular techniques, exploited the power of transgenic mouse models to detail the molecular mechanism, and verified its clinical applicability in parallel studies on donor human hearts. We discovered that significantly increased activity of the stress response kinase JNK2 (JNK isoform 2) in the aged atria is involved in arrhythmic remodeling. The JNK-driven atrial proarrhythmic mechanism is supported by a pathway linking JNK, CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II), and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release RyR2 (ryanodine receptor) channels. JNK2 activates CaMKII, a critical proarrhythmic molecule in cardiac muscle. In turn, activated CaMKII upregulates diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak mediated by RyR2 channels. This leads to aberrant intracellular Ca2+ waves and enhanced AF propensity. In contrast, this mechanism is absent in young atria. In JNK challenged animal models, this is eliminated by JNK2 ablation or CaMKII inhibition. CONCLUSIONS We have identified JNK2-driven CaMKII activation as a novel mode of kinase crosstalk and a causal factor in atrial arrhythmic remodeling, making JNK2 a compelling new therapeutic target for AF prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Yan
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Justin K Thomson
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Xianlong Gao
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Dominic M DeMarco
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Elena Carrillo
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Biyi Chen
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Kenneth S Ginsburg
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Mamdouh Bakhos
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Donald M Bers
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Mark E Anderson
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Long-Sheng Song
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Michael Fill
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Xun Ai
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.).
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31
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Francois AA, Obasanjo-Blackshire K, Clark JE, Boguslavskyi A, Holt MR, Parker PJ, Marber MS, Heads RJ. Loss of Protein Kinase Novel 1 (PKN1) is associated with mild systolic and diastolic contractile dysfunction, increased phospholamban Thr17 phosphorylation, and exacerbated ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 114:138-157. [PMID: 29045568 PMCID: PMC5815577 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims PKN1 is a stress-responsive protein kinase acting downstream of small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho/Rac family. The aim was to determine its role in endogenous cardioprotection. Methods and results Hearts from PKN1 knockout (KO) or wild type (WT) littermate control mice were perfused in Langendorff mode and subjected to global ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R). Myocardial infarct size was doubled in PKN1 KO hearts compared to WT hearts. PKN1 was basally phosphorylated on the activation loop Thr778 PDK1 target site which was unchanged during I/R. However, phosphorylation of p42/p44-MAPK was decreased in KO hearts at baseline and during I/R. In cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVM) and NRVM transduced with kinase dead (KD) PKN1 K644R mutant subjected to simulated ischaemia/reperfusion (sI/R), PhosTag® gel analysis showed net dephosphorylation of PKN1 during sI and early R despite Thr778 phosphorylation. siRNA knockdown of PKN1 in NRVM significantly decreased cell survival and increased cell injury by sI/R which was reversed by WT- or KD-PKN1 expression. Confocal immunofluorescence analysis of PKN1 in NRVM showed increased localization to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during sI. GC-MS/MS and immunoblot analysis of PKN1 immunoprecipitates following sI/R confirmed interaction with CamKIIδ. Co-translocation of PKN1 and CamKIIδ to the SR/membrane fraction during sI correlated with phospholamban (PLB) Thr17 phosphorylation. siRNA knockdown of PKN1 in NRVM resulted in increased basal CamKIIδ activation and increased PLB Thr17 phosphorylation only during sI. In vivo PLB Thr17 phosphorylation, Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2) expression and Junctophilin-2 (Jph2) expression were also basally increased in PKN1 KO hearts. Furthermore, in vivo P-V loop analysis of the beat-to-beat relationship between rate of LV pressure development or relaxation and end diastolic P (EDP) showed mild but significant systolic and diastolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fraction in PKN1 KO hearts. Conclusion Loss of PKN1 in vivo significantly reduces endogenous cardioprotection and increases myocardial infarct size following I/R injury. Cardioprotection by PKN1 is associated with reduced CamKIIδ-dependent PLB Thr17 phosphorylation at the SR and therefore may stabilize the coupling of SR Ca2+ handling and contractile function, independent of its kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asvi A Francois
- Department of Cardiology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King’s College London, St Thomas’s Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, UK
| | - Kofo Obasanjo-Blackshire
- Department of Cardiology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King’s College London, St Thomas’s Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, UK
| | - James E Clark
- Department of Cardiology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King’s College London, St Thomas’s Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, UK
| | - Andrii Boguslavskyi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King’s College London, St Thomas’s Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, UK
| | - Mark R Holt
- Department of Cardiology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King’s College London, St Thomas’s Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, UK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House, Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Peter J Parker
- Division of Cancer Studies, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House, Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, UK
- Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, UK
| | - Michael S Marber
- Department of Cardiology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King’s College London, St Thomas’s Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, UK
| | - Richard J Heads
- Department of Cardiology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King’s College London, St Thomas’s Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, UK
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Ehsan M, Jiang H, L Thomson K, Gehmlich K. When signalling goes wrong: pathogenic variants in structural and signalling proteins causing cardiomyopathies. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2017; 38:303-316. [PMID: 29119312 PMCID: PMC5742121 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-017-9487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies are a diverse group of cardiac disorders with distinct phenotypes, depending on the proteins and pathways affected. A substantial proportion of cardiomyopathies are inherited and those will be the focus of this review article. With the wide application of high-throughput sequencing in the practice of clinical genetics, the roles of novel genes in cardiomyopathies are recognised. Here, we focus on a subgroup of cardiomyopathy genes [TTN, FHL1, CSRP3, FLNC and PLN, coding for Titin, Four and a Half LIM domain 1, Muscle LIM Protein, Filamin C and Phospholamban, respectively], which, despite their diverse biological functions, all have important signalling functions in the heart, suggesting that disturbances in signalling networks can contribute to cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehroz Ehsan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - He Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kate L Thomson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katja Gehmlich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Dewenter M, von der Lieth A, Katus HA, Backs J. Calcium Signaling and Transcriptional Regulation in Cardiomyocytes. Circ Res 2017; 121:1000-1020. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca
2+
) is a universal regulator of various cellular functions. In cardiomyocytes, Ca
2+
is the central element of excitation–contraction coupling, but also impacts diverse signaling cascades and influences the regulation of gene expression, referred to as excitation–transcription coupling. Disturbances in cellular Ca
2+
-handling and alterations in Ca
2+
-dependent gene expression patterns are pivotal characteristics of failing cardiomyocytes, with several excitation–transcription coupling pathways shown to be critically involved in structural and functional remodeling processes. Thus, targeting Ca
2+
-dependent transcriptional pathways might offer broad therapeutic potential. In this article, we (1) review cytosolic and nuclear Ca
2+
dynamics in cardiomyocytes with respect to their impact on Ca
2+
-dependent signaling, (2) give an overview on Ca
2+
-dependent transcriptional pathways in cardiomyocytes, and (3) discuss implications of excitation–transcription coupling in the diseased heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dewenter
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics (M.D., A.v.d.L., J.B.) and Department of Cardiology (H.A.K.), Heidelberg University, Germany; and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (M.D., A.v.d.L., H.A.K., J.B.)
| | - Albert von der Lieth
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics (M.D., A.v.d.L., J.B.) and Department of Cardiology (H.A.K.), Heidelberg University, Germany; and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (M.D., A.v.d.L., H.A.K., J.B.)
| | - Hugo A. Katus
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics (M.D., A.v.d.L., J.B.) and Department of Cardiology (H.A.K.), Heidelberg University, Germany; and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (M.D., A.v.d.L., H.A.K., J.B.)
| | - Johannes Backs
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics (M.D., A.v.d.L., J.B.) and Department of Cardiology (H.A.K.), Heidelberg University, Germany; and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (M.D., A.v.d.L., H.A.K., J.B.)
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Feng N, Anderson ME. CaMKII is a nodal signal for multiple programmed cell death pathways in heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 103:102-109. [PMID: 28025046 PMCID: PMC5404235 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sustained Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiac diseases. Emerging evidence suggests CaMKII evoked programmed cell death, including apoptosis and necroptosis, is one of the key underlying mechanisms for the detrimental effect of sustained CaMKII activation. CaMKII integrates β-adrenergic, Gq coupled receptor, reactive oxygen species (ROS), hyperglycemia, and pro-death cytokine signaling to elicit myocardial apoptosis by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. New evidence demonstrates CaMKII is also a key mediator of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIP3)-induced myocardial necroptosis. The role of CaMKII in cell death is dependent upon subcellular localization and varies across isoforms and splice variants. While CaMKII is now an extensively validated nodal signal for promoting cardiac myocyte death, the upstream and downstream pathways and targets remain incompletely understood, demanding further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Feng
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Mark E Anderson
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Physiology and the Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Fujita T, Umemura M, Yokoyama U, Okumura S, Ishikawa Y. The role of Epac in the heart. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:591-606. [PMID: 27549789 PMCID: PMC11107744 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2336-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most important second messengers, 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) mediates various extracellular signals including hormones and neurotransmitters, and induces appropriate responses in diverse types of cells. Since cAMP was formerly believed to transmit signals through only two direct target molecules, protein kinase A and the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, the sensational discovery in 1998 of another novel direct effecter of cAMP [exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac)] attracted a great deal of scientific interest in cAMP signaling. Numerous studies on Epac have since disclosed its important functions in various tissues in the body. Recently, observations of genetically manipulated mice in various pathogenic models have begun to reveal the in vivo significance of previous in vitro or cellular-level findings. Here, we focused on the function of Epac in the heart. Accumulating evidence has revealed that both Epac1 and Epac2 play important roles in the structure and function of the heart under physiological and pathological conditions. Accordingly, developing the ability to regulate cAMP-mediated signaling through Epac may lead to remarkable new therapies for the treatment of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Fujita
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Masanari Umemura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Utako Yokoyama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okumura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
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Morihara H, Yamamoto T, Oiwa H, Tonegawa K, Tsuchiyama D, Kawakatsu I, Obana M, Maeda M, Mohri T, Obika S, Fujio Y, Nakayama H. Phospholamban Inhibition by a Single Dose of Locked Nucleic Acid Antisense Oligonucleotide Improves Cardiac Contractility in Pressure Overload-Induced Systolic Dysfunction in Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2016; 22:273-282. [PMID: 27811197 DOI: 10.1177/1074248416676392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholamban (PLN) inhibition enhances calcium cycling and is a potential novel therapy for heart failure (HF). Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are a promising tool for unmet medical needs. Nonviral vector use of locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified ASOs (LNA-ASOs), which shows strong binding to target RNAs and is resistant to nuclease, is considered to have a potential for use in novel therapeutics in the next decades. Thus, the efficacy of a single-dose injection of LNA-ASO for cardiac disease needs to be elucidated. We assessed the therapeutic efficacy of a single-dose LNA-ASO injection targeting PLN in pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice intravenously injected with Cy3-labeled LNA-ASO displayed Cy3 fluorescence in the liver and heart 24 hours after injection. Subsequently, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sham or transverse aortic constriction surgery; after 3 weeks, these were treated with PLN-targeting LNA-ASO (0.3 mg/kg) or scrambled LNA-ASO. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography before and 1 week after injection. Phospholamban-targeting LNA-ASO treatment significantly improved fractional shortening (FS) by 6.5%, whereas administration of the scrambled LNA-ASO decreased FS by 4.0%. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that a single-dose injection of PLN-targeting LNA-ASO improved contractility in pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction, suggesting that LNA-ASO is a promising tool for hypertensive HF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Morihara
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- 2 Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Harunori Oiwa
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kota Tonegawa
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuchiyama
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ikki Kawakatsu
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masanori Obana
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Makiko Maeda
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomomi Mohri
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Obika
- 2 Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Fujio
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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37
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CaMKII induces permeability transition through Drp1 phosphorylation during chronic β-AR stimulation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13189. [PMID: 27739424 PMCID: PMC5067512 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is involved in cardiac dysfunction during chronic β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation. The mechanism by which chronic β-AR stimulation leads to mPTP openings is elusive. Here, we show that chronic administration of isoproterenol (ISO) persistently increases the frequency of mPTP openings followed by mitochondrial damage and cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, this effect is mediated by phosphorylation of mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) at a serine 616 (S616) site. Mutating this phosphorylation site or inhibiting Drp1 activity blocks CaMKII- or ISO-induced mPTP opening and myocyte death in vitro and rescues heart hypertrophy in vivo. In human failing hearts, Drp1 phosphorylation at S616 is increased. These results uncover a pathway downstream of chronic β-AR stimulation that links CaMKII, Drp1 and mPTP to bridge cytosolic stress signal with mitochondrial dysfunction in the heart. β-adrenergic receptor signaling induces mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Here, Xu et al. show that this effect is mediated by phosphorylation of mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 by CamKII, which increases the frequency of transient mPTP opening.
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38
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Chen M, Xin J, Liu B, Luo L, Li J, Yin W, Li M. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Intracellular Polyamine Signaling Is Involved in TRPV1 Activation-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003718. [PMID: 27473037 PMCID: PMC5015292 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is expressed in the cardiovascular system, and increased TRPV1 expression has been associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Nevertheless, the role of TRPV1 in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS In cultured cardiomyocytes, activation of TRPV1 increased cell size and elevated expression of atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA and intracellular calcium level, which was reversed by TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine. Increased expression of phosphorylated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ and mitogen-activated protein kinases were found in TRPV1 agonist capsaicin-treated cardiomyocytes. Selective inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ decreased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and p38. Capsaicin induced an increase in expression of ornithine decarboxylase protein, which is the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis in cardiomyocytes. Nevertheless, there was no obvious change of ornithine decarboxylase expression in TRPV1 knockdown cells after capsaicin treatment, and specific inhibitors of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ or p38 downregulated the capsaicin-induced expression of ornithine decarboxylase. Capsazepine alleviated the increase in cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes and the ratio of heart weight to body weight and improved cardiac function, including left ventricular internal end-diastolic and -systolic dimensions and ejection fraction and fractional shortening percentages, in mice treated with transverse aorta constriction. Capsazepine also reduced expression of ornithine decarboxylase and cardiac polyamine levels. Transverse aorta constriction induced increases in phosphorylated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ and extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and p38 and Serca2a were attenuated by capsazepine treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and intracellular polyamines are essential for TRPV1 activation-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiajia Xin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Liyang Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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39
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Høydal MA, Stølen TO, Kettlewell S, Maier LS, Brown JH, Sowa T, Catalucci D, Condorelli G, Kemi OJ, Smith GL, Wisløff U. Exercise training reverses myocardial dysfunction induced by CaMKIIδC overexpression by restoring Ca2+ homeostasis. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 121:212-20. [PMID: 27231311 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00188.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several conditions of heart disease, including heart failure and diabetic cardiomyopathy, are associated with upregulation of cytosolic Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKIIδC) activity. In the heart, CaMKIIδC isoform targets several proteins involved in intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. We hypothesized that high-intensity endurance training activates mechanisms that enable a rescue of dysfunctional cardiomyocyte Ca(2+) handling and thereby ameliorate cardiac dysfunction despite continuous and chronic elevated levels of CaMKIIδC CaMKIIδC transgenic (TG) and wild-type (WT) mice performed aerobic interval exercise training over 6 wk. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography in vivo, and cardiomyocyte shortening and intracellular Ca(2+) handling were measured in vitro. TG mice had reduced global cardiac function, cardiomyocyte shortening (47% reduced compared with WT, P < 0.01), and impaired Ca(2+) homeostasis. Despite no change in the chronic elevated levels of CaMKIIδC, exercise improved global cardiac function, restored cardiomyocyte shortening, and reestablished Ca(2+) homeostasis to values not different from WT. The key features to explain restored Ca(2+) homeostasis after exercise training were increased L-type Ca(2+) current density and flux by 79 and 85%, respectively (P < 0.01), increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a) function by 50% (P < 0.01), and reduced diastolic SR Ca(2+) leak by 73% (P < 0.01), compared with sedentary TG mice. In conclusion, exercise training improves global cardiac function as well as cardiomyocyte function in the presence of a maintained high CaMKII activity. The main mechanisms of exercise-induced improvements in TG CaMKIIδC mice are mediated via increased L-type Ca(2+) channel currents and improved SR Ca(2+) handling by restoration of SERCA2a function in addition to reduced diastolic SR Ca(2+) leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten A Høydal
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, K. G. Jebsen Centre of Exercise in Medicine, Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Tomas O Stølen
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, K. G. Jebsen Centre of Exercise in Medicine, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sarah Kettlewell
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lars S Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Tomas Sowa
- Heart Center of the University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; and
| | - Daniele Catalucci
- National Research Council, Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research-UOS Milan and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- National Research Council, Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research-UOS Milan and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Ole J Kemi
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Godfrey L Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, K. G. Jebsen Centre of Exercise in Medicine, Trondheim, Norway
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Cai W, Fujita T, Hidaka Y, Jin H, Suita K, Prajapati R, Liang C, Umemura M, Yokoyama U, Sato M, Okumura S, Ishikawa Y. Disruption of Epac1 protects the heart from adenylyl cyclase type 5-mediated cardiac dysfunction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 475:1-7. [PMID: 27117748 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 5 adenylyl cyclase (AC5) plays an important role in the development of chronic catecholamine stress-induced heart failure and arrhythmia in mice. Epac (exchange protein activated by cAMP), which is directly activated by cAMP independent of protein kinase A, has been recently identified as a novel mediator of cAMP signaling in the heart. However, the role of Epac in AC5-mediated cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias remains poorly understood. We therefore generated AC5 transgenic mice (AC5TG) with selective disruption of the Epac1 gene (AC5TG-Epac1KO), and compared their phenotypes with those of AC5TG after chronic isoproterenol (ISO) infusion. Decreased cardiac function as well as increased susceptibility to pacing-induced atrial fibrillation (AF) in response to ISO were significantly attenuated in AC5TG-Epac1KO mice, compared to AC5TG mice. Increased cardiac apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis were also concomitantly attenuated in AC5TG-Epac1KO mice compared to AC5TG mice. These findings indicate that Epac1 plays an important role in AC5-mediated cardiac dysfunction and AF susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Cai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujita
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuko Hidaka
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Huiling Jin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenji Suita
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rajesh Prajapati
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chen Liang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masanari Umemura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Utako Yokoyama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Motohiko Sato
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okumura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
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Luo J, Zhang WD, Du YM. Early administration of nifedipine protects against angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through regulating CaMKII-SERCA2a pathway and apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:181-7. [PMID: 26968727 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The calcium channel blocker (CCB), nifedipine, is a more effective treatment for early- than late-stage cardiac hypertrophy. We investigated the effects of early- and late-stage nifedipine administration on calcium homeostasis, CaMKII (Ca(2+) /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) activity and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under hypertrophic stimulation with angiotensin II (AngII). Primary rat cardiomyocytes were divided into five treatment groups: AK, AngII plus the CaMKII inhibitor, KN-93; AN-1 (early-stage), AngII plus nifedipine × 48 h; AN-2 (late-stage), AngII × 48 h, then AngII plus nifedipine × 48 h; C, untreated; and A, AngII × 48 h. The t1/2β [time required for intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+) ]i) to decline to one half of the peak value] decreased; however, CaMKII and SERCA2a (sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) -ATPase 2a) activities increased in the AN-1 group compared with the AK group. In the AN-2 group compared with the AN-1 group, CaMKII activity, t1/2α [time required for [Ca(2+) ]i to increase from the bottom to one half of peak value], t1/2β, and apoptosis increased. These results indicate that the timing of CCB administration affects the calcium concentration and apoptosis of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes through the CaMKII-SERCA2a signalling pathway, thereby influencing the drug's protective activity against cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Luo
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Wei-dong Zhang
- Basic Research Institute of Medical Sciences in Shandong, Shandong, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yi-meng Du
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, 250033, China
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42
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Palmitoyl acyltransferase Aph2 in cardiac function and the development of cardiomyopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:15666-71. [PMID: 26644582 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1518368112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein palmitoylation regulates many aspects of cell function and is carried out by acyl transferases that contain zf-DHHC motifs. The in vivo physiological function of protein palmitoylation is largely unknown. Here we generated mice deficient in the acyl transferase Aph2 (Ablphilin 2 or zf-DHHC16) and demonstrated an essential role for Aph2 in embryonic/postnatal survival, eye development, and heart development. Aph2(-/-) embryos and pups showed cardiomyopathy and cardiac defects including bradycardia. We identified phospholamban, a protein often associated with human cardiomyopathy, as an interacting partner and a substrate of Aph2. Aph2-mediated palmitoylation of phospholamban on cysteine 36 differentially alters its interaction with PKA and protein phosphatase 1 α, augmenting serine 16 phosphorylation, and regulates phospholamban pentamer formation. Aph2 deficiency results in phospholamban hypophosphorylation, a hyperinhibitory form. Ablation of phospholamban in Aph2(-/-) mice histologically and functionally alleviated the heart defects. These findings establish Aph2 as a critical in vivo regulator of cardiac function and reveal roles for protein palmitoylation in the development of other organs including eyes.
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Abstract
Despite improvements in the therapy of underlying heart disease, sudden cardiac death is a major cause of death worldwide. Disturbed Na and Ca handling is known to be a major predisposing factor for life-threatening tachyarrhythmias. In cardiomyocytes, many ion channels and transporters, including voltage-gated Na and Ca channels, cardiac ryanodine receptors, Na/Ca-exchanger, and SR Ca-ATPase are involved in this regulation. We have learned a lot about the pathophysiological relevance of disturbed ion channel function from monogenetic disorders. Changes in the gating of a single ion channel and the activity of an ion pump suffice to dramatically increase the propensity for arrhythmias even in structurally normal hearts. Nevertheless, patients with heart failure with acquired dysfunction in many ion channels and transporters exhibit profound dysregulation of Na and Ca handling and Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and are especially prone to arrhythmias. A deeper understanding of the underlying arrhythmic principles is mandatory if we are to improve their outcome. This review addresses basic tachyarrhythmic mechanisms, the underlying ionic mechanisms and the consequences for ion homeostasis, and the situation in complex diseases like heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wagner
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.W., L.S.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (D.M.B.)
| | - Lars S Maier
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.W., L.S.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (D.M.B.).
| | - Donald M Bers
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.W., L.S.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (D.M.B.)
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Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite medical advances, the dismal prognosis of heart failure has not been improved. The heart is a high energy-demanding organ. Impairments of cardiac energy metabolism and mitochondrial function are intricately linked to cardiac dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to impaired myocardial energetics and increased oxidative stress in heart failure, and the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore triggers cell death and myocardial remodeling. Therefore, there has been growing interest in targeting mitochondria and metabolism for heart failure therapy. Recent developments suggest that mitochondrial protein lysine acetylation modulates the sensitivity of the heart to stress and hence the propensity to heart failure. This article reviews the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure, with a special emphasis on the regulation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)/NADH) ratio and sirtuin-dependent lysine acetylation by mitochondrial function. Strategies for targeting NAD(+)-sensitive mechanisms in order to intervene in protein lysine acetylation and, thereby, improve stress tolerance, are described, and their usefulness in heart failure therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Fung Lee
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington
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45
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Weinreuter M, Kreusser MM, Beckendorf J, Schreiter FC, Leuschner F, Lehmann LH, Hofmann KP, Rostosky JS, Diemert N, Xu C, Volz HC, Jungmann A, Nickel A, Sticht C, Gretz N, Maack C, Schneider MD, Gröne HJ, Müller OJ, Katus HA, Backs J. CaM Kinase II mediates maladaptive post-infarct remodeling and pro-inflammatory chemoattractant signaling but not acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 6:1231-45. [PMID: 25193973 PMCID: PMC4287929 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201403848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CaMKII was suggested to mediate ischemic myocardial injury and adverse cardiac remodeling. Here, we investigated the roles of different CaMKII isoforms and splice variants in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by the use of new genetic CaMKII mouse models. Although CaMKIIδC was upregulated 1 day after I/R injury, cardiac damage 1 day after I/R was neither affected in CaMKIIδ-deficient mice, CaMKIIδ-deficient mice in which the splice variants CaMKIIδB and C were re-expressed, nor in cardiomyocyte-specific CaMKIIδ/γ double knockout mice (DKO). In contrast, 5 weeks after I/R, DKO mice were protected against extensive scar formation and cardiac dysfunction, which was associated with reduced leukocyte infiltration and attenuated expression of members of the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand family, in particular CCL3 (macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, MIP-1α). Intriguingly, CaMKII was sufficient and required to induce CCL3 expression in isolated cardiomyocytes, indicating a cardiomyocyte autonomous effect. We propose that CaMKII-dependent chemoattractant signaling explains the effects on post-I/R remodeling. Taken together, we demonstrate that CaMKII is not critically involved in acute I/R-induced damage but in the process of post-infarct remodeling and inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Weinreuter
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael M Kreusser
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Beckendorf
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friederike C Schreiter
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz H Lehmann
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai P Hofmann
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia S Rostosky
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Diemert
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chang Xu
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Volz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jungmann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Sticht
- Medical Research Center, University of Heidelberg Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Research Center, University of Heidelberg Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Cardiology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Schneider
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hermann-Josef Gröne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver J Müller
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
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Grimm M, Ling H, Willeford A, Pereira L, Gray CBB, Erickson JR, Sarma S, Respress JL, Wehrens XHT, Bers DM, Brown JH. CaMKIIδ mediates β-adrenergic effects on RyR2 phosphorylation and SR Ca(2+) leak and the pathophysiological response to chronic β-adrenergic stimulation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 85:282-91. [PMID: 26080362 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has been implicated in the deleterious effects of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling on the heart, in part, by enhancing RyR2-mediated sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) leak. We used CaMKIIδ knockout (CaMKIIδ-KO) mice and knock-in mice with an inactivated CaMKII site S2814 on the ryanodine receptor type 2 (S2814A) to investigate the involvement of these processes in β-AR signaling and cardiac remodeling. Langendorff-perfused hearts from CaMKIIδ-KO mice showed inotropic and chronotropic responses to isoproterenol (ISO) that were similar to those of wild type (WT) mice; however, in CaMKIIδ-KO mice, CaMKII phosphorylation of phospholamban and RyR2 was decreased and isolated myocytes from CaMKIIδ-KO mice had reduced SR Ca(2+) leak in response to isoproterenol (ISO). Chronic catecholamine stress with ISO induced comparable increases in relative heart weight and other measures of hypertrophy from day 9 through week 4 in WT and CaMKIIδ-KO mice, but the development of cardiac fibrosis was prevented in CaMKIIδ-KO animals. A 4-week challenge with ISO resulted in reduced cardiac function and pulmonary congestion in WT, but not in CaMKIIδ-KO or S2814A mice, implicating CaMKIIδ-dependent phosphorylation of RyR2-S2814 in the cardiomyopathy, independent of hypertrophy, induced by prolonged β-AR stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grimm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Haiyun Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Willeford
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Laetitia Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Charles B B Gray
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Satyam Sarma
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan L Respress
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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47
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Fischer TH, Herting J, Mason FE, Hartmann N, Watanabe S, Nikolaev VO, Sprenger JU, Fan P, Yao L, Popov AF, Danner BC, Schöndube F, Belardinelli L, Hasenfuss G, Maier LS, Sossalla S. Late INa increases diastolic SR-Ca2+-leak in atrial myocardium by activating PKA and CaMKII. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 107:184-96. [PMID: 25990311 PMCID: PMC4476413 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Enhanced cardiac late Na current (late INa) and increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)-Ca2+-leak are both highly arrhythmogenic. This study seeks to identify signalling pathways interconnecting late INa and SR-Ca2+-leak in atrial cardiomyocytes (CMs). Methods and results In murine atrial CMs, SR-Ca2+-leak was increased by the late INa enhancer Anemonia sulcata toxin II (ATX-II). An inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (Autocamide-2-related inhibitory peptide), protein kinase A (H89), or late INa (Ranolazine or Tetrodotoxin) all prevented ATX-II-dependent SR-Ca2+-leak. The SR-Ca2+-leak induction by ATX-II was not detected when either the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger was inhibited (KBR) or in CaMKIIδc-knockout mice. FRET measurements revealed increased cAMP levels upon ATX-II stimulation, which could be prevented by inhibition of adenylyl cyclases (ACs) 5 and 6 (NKY 80) but not by inhibition of phosphodiesterases (IBMX), suggesting PKA activation via an AC-dependent increase of cAMP levels. Western blots showed late INa-dependent hyperphosphorylation of CaMKII as well as PKA target sites at ryanodine receptor type-2 (-S2814 and -S2808) and phospholamban (-Thr17, -S16). Enhancement of late INa did not alter Ca2+-transient amplitude or SR-Ca2+-load. However, upon late INa activation and simultaneous CaMKII inhibition, Ca2+-transient amplitude and SR-Ca2+-load were increased, whereas PKA inhibition reduced Ca2+-transient amplitude and load and additionally slowed Ca2+ elimination. In atrial CMs from patients with atrial fibrillation, inhibition of late INa, CaMKII, or PKA reduced the SR-Ca2+-leak. Conclusion Late INa exerts distinct effects on Ca2+ homeostasis in atrial myocardium through activation of CaMKII and PKA. Inhibition of late INa represents a potential approach to attenuate CaMKII activation and decreases SR-Ca2+-leak in atrial rhythm disorders. The interconnection with the cAMP/PKA system further increases the antiarrhythmic potential of late INa inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Fischer
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Herting
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fleur E Mason
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nico Hartmann
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Saera Watanabe
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia U Sprenger
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peidong Fan
- Department of Biology, Cardiovascular, Therapeutic Area, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Lina Yao
- Department of Biology, Cardiovascular, Therapeutic Area, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Aron-Frederik Popov
- Klinik für Thorax-, Herz-, Gefäßchirurgie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard C Danner
- Klinik für Thorax-, Herz-, Gefäßchirurgie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Schöndube
- Klinik für Thorax-, Herz-, Gefäßchirurgie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luiz Belardinelli
- Department of Biology, Cardiovascular, Therapeutic Area, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Gerd Hasenfuss
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars S Maier
- Innere Medizin II - Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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48
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Secretoneurin is a novel prognostic cardiovascular biomarker associated with cardiomyocyte calcium handling. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65:339-351. [PMID: 25634832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secretoneurin (SN) levels are increased in patients with heart failure (HF), but whether SN provides prognostic information and influences cardiomyocyte function is unknown. OBJECTIVES This study sought to evaluate the merit of SN as a cardiovascular biomarker and assess effects of SN on cardiomyocyte Ca(2+) handling. METHODS We assessed the association between circulating SN levels and mortality in 2 patient cohorts and the functional properties of SN in experimental models. RESULTS In 143 patients hospitalized for acute HF, SN levels were closely associated with mortality (n = 66) during follow-up (median 776 days; hazard ratio [lnSN]: 4.63; 95% confidence interval: 1.93 to 11.11; p = 0.001 in multivariate analysis). SN reclassified patients to their correct risk strata on top of other predictors of mortality. In 155 patients with ventricular arrhythmia-induced cardiac arrest, SN levels were also associated with short-term mortality (n = 51; hazard ratio [lnSN]: 3.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.83 to 6.05; p < 0.001 in multivariate analysis). Perfusing hearts with SN yielded markedly increased myocardial levels and SN internalized into cardiomyocytes by endocytosis. Intracellularly, SN reduced Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II δ (CaMKIIδ) activity via direct SN-CaM and SN-CaMKII binding and attenuated CaMKIIδ-dependent phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor. SN also reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) leak, augmented sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) content, increased the magnitude and kinetics of cardiomyocyte Ca(2+) transients and contractions, and attenuated Ca(2+) sparks and waves in HF cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS SN provided incremental prognostic information to established risk indices in acute HF and ventricular arrhythmia-induced cardiac arrest.
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Mattiazzi A, Bassani RA, Escobar AL, Palomeque J, Valverde CA, Vila Petroff M, Bers DM. Chasing cardiac physiology and pathology down the CaMKII cascade. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H1177-91. [PMID: 25747749 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00007.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium dynamics is central in cardiac physiology, as the key event leading to the excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) and relaxation processes. The primary function of Ca(2+) in the heart is the control of mechanical activity developed by the myofibril contractile apparatus. This key role of Ca(2+) signaling explains the subtle and critical control of important events of ECC and relaxation, such as Ca(2+) influx and SR Ca(2+) release and uptake. The multifunctional Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a signaling molecule that regulates a diverse array of proteins involved not only in ECC and relaxation but also in cell death, transcriptional activation of hypertrophy, inflammation, and arrhythmias. CaMKII activity is triggered by an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels. This activity can be sustained, creating molecular memory after the decline in Ca(2+) concentration, by autophosphorylation of the enzyme, as well as by oxidation, glycosylation, and nitrosylation at different sites of the regulatory domain of the kinase. CaMKII activity is enhanced in several cardiac diseases, altering the signaling pathways by which CaMKII regulates the different fundamental proteins involved in functional and transcriptional cardiac processes. Dysregulation of these pathways constitutes a central mechanism of various cardiac disease phenomena, like apoptosis and necrosis during ischemia/reperfusion injury, digitalis exposure, post-acidosis and heart failure arrhythmias, or cardiac hypertrophy. Here we summarize significant aspects of the molecular physiology of CaMKII and provide a conceptual framework for understanding the role of the CaMKII cascade on Ca(2+) regulation and dysregulation in cardiac health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Mattiazzi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina;
| | - Rosana A Bassani
- Centro de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ariel L Escobar
- Biological Engineering and Small Scale Technologies, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, California; and
| | - Julieta Palomeque
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Valverde
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martín Vila Petroff
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California
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Westenbrink BD, Ling H, Divakaruni AS, Gray CBB, Zambon AC, Dalton ND, Peterson KL, Gu Y, Matkovich SJ, Murphy AN, Miyamoto S, Dorn GW, Heller Brown J. Mitochondrial reprogramming induced by CaMKIIδ mediates hypertrophy decompensation. Circ Res 2015; 116:e28-39. [PMID: 25605649 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.304682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Sustained activation of Gαq transgenic (Gq) signaling during pressure overload causes cardiac hypertrophy that ultimately progresses to dilated cardiomyopathy. The molecular events that drive hypertrophy decompensation are incompletely understood. Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δ (CaMKIIδ) is activated downstream of Gq, and overexpression of Gq and CaMKIIδ recapitulates hypertrophy decompensation. OBJECTIVE To determine whether CaMKIIδ contributes to hypertrophy decompensation provoked by Gq. METHODS AND RESULTS Compared with Gq mice, compound Gq/CaMKIIδ knockout mice developed a similar degree of cardiac hypertrophy but exhibited significantly improved left ventricular function, less cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and fewer ventricular arrhythmias. Markers of oxidative stress were elevated in mitochondria from Gq versus wild-type mice and respiratory rates were lower; these changes in mitochondrial function were restored by CaMKIIδ deletion. Gq-mediated increases in mitochondrial oxidative stress, compromised membrane potential, and cell death were recapitulated in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes infected with constitutively active Gq and attenuated by CaMKII inhibition. Deep RNA sequencing revealed altered expression of 41 mitochondrial genes in Gq hearts, with normalization of ≈40% of these genes by CaMKIIδ deletion. Uncoupling protein 3 was markedly downregulated in Gq or by Gq expression in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and reversed by CaMKIIδ deletion or inhibition, as was peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. The protective effects of CaMKIIδ inhibition on reactive oxygen species generation and cell death were abrogated by knock down of uncoupling protein 3. Conversely, restoration of uncoupling protein 3 expression attenuated reactive oxygen species generation and cell death induced by CaMKIIδ. Our in vivo studies further demonstrated that pressure overload induced decreases in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and uncoupling protein 3, increases in mitochondrial protein oxidation, and hypertrophy decompensation, which were attenuated by CaMKIIδ deletion. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial gene reprogramming induced by CaMKIIδ emerges as an important mechanism contributing to mitotoxicity in decompensating hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Daan Westenbrink
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Haiyun Ling
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Ajit S Divakaruni
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Charles B B Gray
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Alexander C Zambon
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Nancy D Dalton
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Kirk L Peterson
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Yusu Gu
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Scot J Matkovich
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Anne N Murphy
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Gerald W Dorn
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- From the Department of Pharmacology (B.D.W., H.L., A.S.D., C.B.B.G., A.C.Z., A.N.M., J.H.B.), Department of Medicine (N.D.D., K.L.P., Y.G.), and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (C.B.B.G.), University of California San Diego; School of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.J.M., G.W.D.); Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unversity of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (B.D.W.)
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