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Aguado-Alvaro LP, Garitano N, Pelacho B. Fibroblast Diversity and Epigenetic Regulation in Cardiac Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6004. [PMID: 38892192 PMCID: PMC11172550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, a process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, is a common pathological consequence of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) normally resulting in organ failure and death. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play an essential role in deleterious cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. In response to injury, quiescent CFs become activated and adopt a collagen-secreting phenotype highly contributing to cardiac fibrosis. In recent years, studies have been focused on the exploration of molecular and cellular mechanisms implicated in the activation process of CFs, which allow the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. Transcriptomic analyses using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) have helped to elucidate the high cellular diversity and complex intercellular communication networks that CFs establish in the mammalian heart. Furthermore, a significant body of work supports the critical role of epigenetic regulation on the expression of genes involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. The study of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling, has provided more insights into CF activation and fibrotic processes. Targeting epigenetic regulators, especially DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), histone acetylases (HAT), or histone deacetylases (HDAC), has emerged as a promising approach for the development of novel anti-fibrotic therapies. This review focuses on recent transcriptomic advances regarding CF diversity and molecular and epigenetic mechanisms that modulate the activation process of CFs and their possible clinical applications for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pilar Aguado-Alvaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Garitano
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pelacho
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Verrillo G, Obeid AM, Genco A, Scrofani J, Orange F, Hanache S, Mignon J, Leyder T, Michaux C, Kempeneers C, Bricmont N, Herkenne S, Vernos I, Martin M, Mottet D. Non-canonical role for the BAF complex subunit DPF3 in mitosis and ciliogenesis. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261744. [PMID: 38661008 PMCID: PMC11166463 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
DPF3, along with other subunits, is a well-known component of the BAF chromatin remodeling complex, which plays a key role in regulating chromatin remodeling activity and gene expression. Here, we elucidated a non-canonical localization and role for DPF3. We showed that DPF3 dynamically localizes to the centriolar satellites in interphase and to the centrosome, spindle midzone and bridging fiber area, and midbodies during mitosis. Loss of DPF3 causes kinetochore fiber instability, unstable kinetochore-microtubule attachment and defects in chromosome alignment, resulting in altered mitotic progression, cell death and genomic instability. In addition, we also demonstrated that DPF3 localizes to centriolar satellites at the base of primary cilia and is required for ciliogenesis by regulating axoneme extension. Taken together, these findings uncover a moonlighting dual function for DPF3 during mitosis and ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Verrillo
- University of Liege, GIGA – Research Institute, Molecular Analysis of Gene Expression (MAGE) Laboratory, B34, Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Anna Maria Obeid
- University of Liege, GIGA – Research Institute, Molecular Analysis of Gene Expression (MAGE) Laboratory, B34, Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Alexia Genco
- University of Liege, GIGA – Research Institute, Molecular Analysis of Gene Expression (MAGE) Laboratory, B34, Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jacopo Scrofani
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - François Orange
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée (CCMA), 06100 Nice, France
| | - Sarah Hanache
- University of Liege, GIGA – Research Institute, Molecular Analysis of Gene Expression (MAGE) Laboratory, B34, Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Julien Mignon
- University of Namur, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Biomolecules, Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale (UCPTS), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Tanguy Leyder
- University of Namur, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Biomolecules, Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale (UCPTS), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Catherine Michaux
- University of Namur, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Biomolecules, Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale (UCPTS), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Céline Kempeneers
- University of Liege, Pneumology Laboratory, I3 Group, GIGA Research Center, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Noëmie Bricmont
- University of Liege, Pneumology Laboratory, I3 Group, GIGA Research Center, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Herkenne
- University of Liege, GIGA-Cancer, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Cell Communication, B34, Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Vernos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08002, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Maud Martin
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Denis Mottet
- University of Liege, GIGA – Research Institute, Molecular Analysis of Gene Expression (MAGE) Laboratory, B34, Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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3
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Nie Y, Song C, Huang H, Mao S, Ding K, Tang H. Chromatin modifiers in human disease: from functional roles to regulatory mechanisms. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:12. [PMID: 38584203 PMCID: PMC10999406 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of transcriptional regulation has revealed the vital role of chromatin modifiers in human diseases from the beginning of functional exploration to the process of participating in many types of disease regulatory mechanisms. Chromatin modifiers are a class of enzymes that can catalyze the chemical conversion of pyrimidine residues or amino acid residues, including histone modifiers, DNA methyltransferases, and chromatin remodeling complexes. Chromatin modifiers assist in the formation of transcriptional regulatory circuits between transcription factors, enhancers, and promoters by regulating chromatin accessibility and the ability of transcription factors to acquire DNA. This is achieved by recruiting associated proteins and RNA polymerases. They modify the physical contact between cis-regulatory factor elements, transcription factors, and chromatin DNA to influence transcriptional regulatory processes. Then, abnormal chromatin perturbations can impair the homeostasis of organs, tissues, and cells, leading to diseases. The review offers a comprehensive elucidation on the function and regulatory mechanism of chromatin modifiers, thereby highlighting their indispensability in the development of diseases. Furthermore, this underscores the potential of chromatin modifiers as biomarkers, which may enable early disease diagnosis. With the aid of this paper, a deeper understanding of the role of chromatin modifiers in the pathogenesis of diseases can be gained, which could help in devising effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Nie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Chao Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shuqing Mao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Kai Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Huifang Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Blum K, Bowirrat A, Baron D, Elman I, Makale MT, Cadet JL, Thanos PK, Hanna C, Ahmed R, Gondre-Lewis MC, Dennen CA, Braverman ER, Soni D, Carney P, Khalsa J, Modestino EJ, Barh D, Bagchi D, Badgaiyan RD, McLaughlin T, Cortese R, Ceccanti M, Murphy KT, Gupta A, Makale MT, Sunder K, Gold MS. Identification of stress-induced epigenetic methylation onto dopamine D2 gene and neurological and behavioral consequences. GENE & PROTEIN IN DISEASE 2024; 3:10.36922/gpd.1966. [PMID: 38766604 PMCID: PMC11100097 DOI: 10.36922/gpd.1966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene has garnered substantial attention as one of the most extensively studied genes across various neuropsychiatric disorders. Since its initial association with severe alcoholism in 1990, particularly through the identification of the DRD2 Taq A1 allele, numerous international investigations have been conducted to elucidate its role in different conditions. As of February 22, 2024, there are 5485 articles focusing on the DRD2 gene listed in PUBMED. There have been 120 meta-analyses with mixed results. In our opinion, the primary cause of negative reports regarding the association of various DRD2 gene polymorphisms is the inadequate screening of controls, not adequately eliminating many hidden reward deficiency syndrome behaviors. Moreover, pleiotropic effects of DRD2 variants have been identified in neuropsychologic, neurophysiologic, stress response, social stress defeat, maternal deprivation, and gambling disorder, with epigenetic DNA methylation and histone post-translational negative methylation identified as discussed in this article. There are 70 articles listed in PUBMED for DNA methylation and 20 articles listed for histone methylation as of October 19, 2022. For this commentary, we did not denote DNA and/or histone methylation; instead, we provided a brief summary based on behavioral effects. Based on the fact that Blum and Noble characterized the DRD2 Taq A1 allele as a generalized reward gene and not necessarily specific alcoholism, it now behooves the field to find ways to either use effector moieties to edit the neuroepigenetic insults or possibly harness the idea of potentially removing negative mRNA-reduced expression by inducing "dopamine homeostasis."
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Blum
- Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- Division of Addiction Research & Education, Center for Sports, Exercise & Mental Health, Western University of the Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Wright University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, United States of America
- Division of Nutrigenomics, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX United States of America
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
- Department of Nutrigenomic Research, Victory Nutrition International, Inc., Bonita Springs, FL, United States of America
- Division of Personalized Neuromodulation Research, Sunder Foundation, Palm Springs, CA, United States of America
| | - Abdalla Bowirrat
- Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - David Baron
- Division of Addiction Research & Education, Center for Sports, Exercise & Mental Health, Western University of the Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Igor Elman
- Division of Personalized Neuromodulation Research, Sunder Foundation, Palm Springs, CA, United States of America
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Milan T. Makale
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0819, United States of America
| | - Jean Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., United States of America
| | - Panayotis K. Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America; Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY., United States of America
| | - Colin Hanna
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America; Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY., United States of America
| | - Rania Ahmed
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America; Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY., United States of America
| | - Marjorie C. Gondre-Lewis
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, and Developmental Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington D.C., United States of America
| | - Catherine A. Dennen
- Department of Family Medicine, Jefferson Health Northeast, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Eric R. Braverman
- Division of Nutrigenomics, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX United States of America
| | - Diwanshu Soni
- Division of Addiction Research & Education, Center for Sports, Exercise & Mental Health, Western University of the Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Paul Carney
- Division Pediatric Neurology, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO., United States of America
| | - Jag Khalsa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Edward J. Modestino
- Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA., United States of America
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Southern University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Rajendra D. Badgaiyan
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland OH., 44106, USA and Department of Psychiatry, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Thomas McLaughlin
- Division of Nutrigenomics, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX United States of America
| | - Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health – Child Health Research Institute, & Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health School of Medicine, University of Missouri, MO, United States of America
| | - Mauro Ceccanti
- Alcohol Addiction Program, Latium Region Referral Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Kevin T. Murphy
- Division of Personalized Neuromodulation and Patient Care, PeakLogic, LLC, Del Mar, CA, United States of America
| | - Ashim Gupta
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, Georgia, 30043, United States of America
| | - Miles T. Makale
- Department of Psychology, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0819, United States of America
| | - Keerthy Sunder
- Division of Personalized Neuromodulation Research, Sunder Foundation, Palm Springs, CA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, UC Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, United States of America
| | - Mark S. Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
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5
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Padmanabhan A, de Soysa TY, Pelonero A, Sapp V, Shah PP, Wang Q, Li L, Lee CY, Sadagopan N, Nishino T, Ye L, Yang R, Karnay A, Poleshko A, Bolar N, Linares-Saldana R, Ranade SS, Alexanian M, Morton SU, Jain M, Haldar SM, Srivastava D, Jain R. A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies BRD4 as a regulator of cardiomyocyte differentiation. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:317-331. [PMID: 39196112 PMCID: PMC11361716 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) to cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation has reshaped approaches to studying cardiac development and disease. In this study, we employed a genome-wide CRISPR screen in a hiPSC to CM differentiation system and reveal here that BRD4, a member of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family, regulates CM differentiation. Chemical inhibition of BET proteins in mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC)-derived or hiPSC-derived cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) results in decreased CM differentiation and persistence of cells expressing progenitor markers. In vivo, BRD4 deletion in second heart field (SHF) CPCs results in embryonic or early postnatal lethality, with mutants demonstrating myocardial hypoplasia and an increase in CPCs. Single-cell transcriptomics identified a subpopulation of SHF CPCs that is sensitive to BRD4 loss and associated with attenuated CM lineage-specific gene programs. These results highlight a previously unrecognized role for BRD4 in CM fate determination during development and a heterogenous requirement for BRD4 among SHF CPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Padmanabhan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - Valerie Sapp
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Parisha P Shah
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qiaohong Wang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Clara Youngna Lee
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nandhini Sadagopan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Lin Ye
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Yang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ashley Karnay
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrey Poleshko
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nikhita Bolar
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ricardo Linares-Saldana
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael Alexanian
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sarah U Morton
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Saptarsi M Haldar
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Amgen Research, Cardiometabolic Disorders, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Deepak Srivastava
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Rajan Jain
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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6
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Zhu JY, Lee H, Huang X, van de Leemput J, Han Z. Distinct Roles for COMPASS Core Subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr in the Epigenetic Regulation of Drosophila Heart Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17314. [PMID: 38139143 PMCID: PMC10744143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly evolutionarily conserved multiprotein complexes termed Complex of Proteins Associated with Set1 (COMPASS) are required for histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation. Drosophila Set1, Trx, and Trr form the core subunits of these complexes. We show that flies deficient in any of these three subunits demonstrated high lethality at eclosion (emergence of adult flies from their pupal cases) and significantly shortened lifespans for the adults that did emerge. Silencing Set1, trx, or trr in the heart led to a reduction in H3K4 monomethylation (H3K4me1) and dimethylation (H3K4me2), reflecting their distinct roles in H3K4 methylation. Furthermore, we studied the gene expression patterns regulated by Set1, Trx, and Trr. Each of the COMPASS core subunits controls the methylation of different sets of genes, with many metabolic pathways active early in development and throughout, while muscle and heart differentiation processes were methylated during later stages of development. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the roles of COMPASS series complex core subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr in regulating histone methylation during heart development and, given their implication in congenital heart diseases, inform research on heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-yi Zhu
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hangnoh Lee
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiaohu Huang
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Joyce van de Leemput
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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7
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DeMoya RA, Forman-Rubinsky RE, Fontaine D, Shin J, Watkins SC, Lo CW, Tsang M. Sin3a associated protein 130 kDa, sap130, plays an evolutionary conserved role in zebrafish heart development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1197109. [PMID: 37711853 PMCID: PMC10498550 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1197109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital heart disease where the left ventricle is reduced in size. A forward genetic screen in mice identified SIN3A associated protein 130 kDa (Sap130), part of the chromatin modifying SIN3A/HDAC complex, as a gene contributing to the etiology of HLHS. Here, we report the role of zebrafish sap130 genes in heart development. Loss of sap130a, one of two Sap130 orthologs, resulted in smaller ventricle size, a phenotype reminiscent to the hypoplastic left ventricle in mice. While cardiac progenitors were normal during somitogenesis, diminution of the ventricle size suggest the Second Heart Field (SHF) was the source of the defect. To explore the role of sap130a in gene regulation, transcriptome profiling was performed after the heart tube formation to identify candidate pathways and genes responsible for the small ventricle phenotype. Genes involved in cardiac differentiation and cardiac function were dysregulated in sap130a, but not in sap130b mutants. Confocal light sheet analysis measured deficits in cardiac output in MZsap130a supporting the notion that cardiomyocyte maturation was disrupted. Lineage tracing experiments revealed a significant reduction of SHF cells in the ventricle that resulted in increased outflow tract size. These data suggest that sap130a is involved in cardiogenesis via regulating the accretion of SHF cells to the growing ventricle and in their subsequent maturation for cardiac function. Further, genetic studies revealed an interaction between hdac1 and sap130a, in the incidence of small ventricles. These studies highlight the conserved role of Sap130a and Hdac1 in zebrafish cardiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A. DeMoya
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rachel E. Forman-Rubinsky
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Deon Fontaine
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Joseph Shin
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Cecilia W. Lo
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael Tsang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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8
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Hedayati N, Yaghoobi A, Salami M, Gholinezhad Y, Aghadavood F, Eshraghi R, Aarabi MH, Homayoonfal M, Asemi Z, Mirzaei H, Hajijafari M, Mafi A, Rezaee M. Impact of polyphenols on heart failure and cardiac hypertrophy: clinical effects and molecular mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1174816. [PMID: 37293283 PMCID: PMC10244790 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1174816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are abundant in regular diets and possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. Regarding the inadequacy of the current treatments in preventing cardiac remodeling following cardiovascular diseases, attention has been focused on improving cardiac function with potential alternatives such as polyphenols. The following online databases were searched for relevant orginial published from 2000 to 2023: EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases. The search strategy aimed to assess the effects of polyphenols on heart failure and keywords were "heart failure" and "polyphenols" and "cardiac hypertrophy" and "molecular mechanisms". Our results indicated polyphenols are repeatedly indicated to regulate various heart failure-related vital molecules and signaling pathways, such as inactivating fibrotic and hypertrophic factors, preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and free radical production, the underlying causes of apoptosis, and also improving lipid profile and cellular metabolism. In the current study, we aimed to review the most recent literature and investigations on the underlying mechanism of actions of different polyphenols subclasses in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure to provide deep insight into novel mechanistic treatments and direct future studies in this context. Moreover, due to polyphenols' low bioavailability from conventional oral and intravenous administration routes, in this study, we have also investigated the currently accessible nano-drug delivery methods to optimize the treatment outcomes by providing sufficient drug delivery, targeted therapy, and less off-target effects, as desired by precision medicine standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Yaghoobi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Yasaman Gholinezhad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Aghadavood
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Eshraghi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Aarabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hajijafari
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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la Torre A, Lo Vecchio F, Greco A. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Aging and Aging-Associated Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081163. [PMID: 37190071 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable outcome of life, characterized by a progressive decline in tissue and organ function. At a molecular level, it is marked by the gradual alterations of biomolecules. Indeed, important changes are observed on the DNA, as well as at a protein level, that are influenced by both genetic and environmental parameters. These molecular changes directly contribute to the development or progression of several human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders and others aging-related diseases. Additionally, they increase the risk of mortality. Therefore, deciphering the hallmarks of aging represents a possibility for identifying potential druggable targets to attenuate the aging process, and then the age-related comorbidities. Given the link between aging, genetic, and epigenetic alterations, and given the reversible nature of epigenetic mechanisms, the precisely understanding of these factors may provide a potential therapeutic approach for age-related decline and disease. In this review, we center on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and their aging-associated changes, highlighting their inferences in age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria la Torre
- Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Filomena Lo Vecchio
- Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
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10
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DeMoya RA, Forman-Rubinsky RE, Fontaine D, Shin J, Watkins SC, Lo C, Tsang M. Sin3a Associated Protein 130kDa, sap130, plays an evolutionary conserved role in zebrafish heart development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.30.534737. [PMID: 37034673 PMCID: PMC10081270 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.30.534737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital heart disease where the left ventricle is reduced in size. A forward genetic screen in mice identified SIN3A associated protein 130kDa ( Sap130 ), a protein in the chromatin modifying SIN3A/HDAC1 complex, as a gene contributing to the digenic etiology of HLHS. Here, we report the role of zebrafish sap130 genes in heart development. Loss of sap130a, one of two Sap130 orthologs, resulted in smaller ventricle size, a phenotype reminiscent to the hypoplastic left ventricle in mice. While cardiac progenitors were normal during somitogenesis, diminution of the ventricle size suggest the Second Heart Field (SHF) was the source of the defect. To explore the role of sap130a in gene regulation, transcriptome profiling was performed after the heart tube formation to identify candidate pathways and genes responsible for the small ventricle phenotype. Genes involved in cardiac differentiation and cell communication were dysregulated in sap130a , but not in sap130b mutants. Confocal light sheet analysis measured deficits in cardiac output in MZsap130a supporting the notion that cardiomyocyte maturation was disrupted. Lineage tracing experiments revealed a significant reduction of SHF cells in the ventricle that resulted in increased outflow tract size. These data suggest that sap130a is involved in cardiogenesis via regulating the accretion of SHF cells to the growing ventricle and in their subsequent maturation for cardiac function. Further, genetic studies revealed an interaction between hdac1 and sap130a , in the incidence of small ventricles. These studies highlight the conserved role of Sap130a and Hdac1 in zebrafish cardiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A DeMoya
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA
| | - Rachel E Forman-Rubinsky
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA
| | - Deon Fontaine
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA
| | - Joseph Shin
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Cecilia Lo
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA
| | - Michael Tsang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA
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11
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Kraus L, Beavens B. The Current Therapeutic Role of Chromatin Remodeling for the Prognosis and Treatment of Heart Failure. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020579. [PMID: 36831115 PMCID: PMC9953583 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of death globally, with no cure to date. Many interventions have been studied and suggested, of which epigenetics and chromatin remodeling have been the most promising. Over the last decade, major advancements have been made in the field of chromatin remodeling, particularly for the treatment of heart failure, because of innovations in bioinformatics and gene therapy. Specifically, understanding changes to the chromatin architecture have been shown to alter cardiac disease progression via variations in genomic sequencing, targeting cardiac genes, using RNA molecules, and utilizing chromatin remodeler complexes. By understanding these chromatin remodeling mechanisms in an injured heart, treatments for heart failure have been suggested through individualized pharmaceutical interventions as well as biomarkers for major disease states. By understanding the current roles of chromatin remodeling in heart failure, a potential therapeutic approach may be discovered in the future.
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12
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Dsilva P, Pai P, Shetty MG, Babitha KS. The role of histone deacetylases in embryonic development. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:14-26. [PMID: 36534913 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The basic units of chromatin are nucleosomes, that are made up of DNA wrapped around histone cores. Histone lysine residue is a common location for posttranslational modifications, with acetylation being the second most prevalent. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs/KATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs/KDACs) regulate histone acetylation, which is important in gene expression control. HDACs/KDACs regulate gene expressions through the repression of the transcription machinery. HDAC/KDAC isoforms play a major role during various stages of embryo development and neurogenesis. In specific, class I and II HDACs/KDACs are involved in cardiac muscle differentiation and development. An insight into different pathways and genes associated with embryonic development, the effect of HDAC/KDAC activity during the embryonic stem cell differentiation, preimplantation, embryo development, gastrulation, and the role of different HDAC/KDAC inhibitors during the process of embryogenesis is summarized in the present review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dsilva
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmini Pai
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manasa Gangadhar Shetty
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kampa S Babitha
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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13
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Huang W, Zhu JY, Fu Y, van de Leemput J, Han Z. Lpt, trr, and Hcf regulate histone mono- and dimethylation that are essential for Drosophila heart development. Dev Biol 2022; 490:53-65. [PMID: 35853502 PMCID: PMC10728806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian KMT2C, KMT2D, and HCFC1 are expressed during heart development and have been associated with congenital heart disease, but their roles in heart development remain elusive. We found that the Drosophila Lpt and trr genes encode the N-terminal and C-terminal homologs, respectively, of mammalian KMT2C or KMT2D. Lpt and trr mutant embryos showed reduced cardiac progenitor cells. Silencing of Lpt, trr, or both simultaneously in the heart led to similar abnormal cardiac morphology, tissue fibrosis, and cardiac functional defects. Like KMT2D, Lpt and trr were found to modulate histone H3K4 mono- and dimethylation, but not trimethylation. Investigation of downstream genes regulated by mouse KMT2D in the heart showed that their fly homologs are similarly regulated by Lpt or trr in the fly heart, suggesting that Lpt and trr regulate an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional network for heart development. Moreover, we showed that cardiac silencing of Hcf, the fly homolog of mammalian HCFC1, leads to heart defects similar to those observed in Lpt and trr silencing, as well as reduced H3K4 monomethylation. Our findings suggest that Lpt and trr function together to execute the conserved function of mammalian KMT2C and KMT2D in histone H3 lysine K4 mono- and dimethylation required for heart development. Possibly aided by Hcf, which we show plays a related role in H3K4 methylation during fly heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Huang
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun-Yi Zhu
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yulong Fu
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Genomic Diagnostics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Joyce van de Leemput
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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14
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Rigaud VO, Zarka C, Kurian J, Harlamova D, Elia A, Kasatkin N, Johnson J, Behanan M, Kraus L, Pepper H, Snyder NW, Mohsin S, Houser S, Khan M. UCP2 modulates cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity, acetyl-CoA and histone acetylation in response to moderate hypoxia. JCI Insight 2022; 7:155475. [PMID: 35771638 PMCID: PMC9462500 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental cardiac tissue is regenerative while operating under low oxygen. After birth, ambient oxygen is associated with cardiomyocyte cell cycle exit and regeneration. Likewise, cardiac metabolism undergoes a shift with cardiac maturation. Whether there are common regulators of cardiomyocyte cell cycle linking metabolism to oxygen tension remains unknown. The objective of the study is to determine whether mitochondrial UCP2 is a metabolic oxygen sensor regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) under moderate hypoxia showed increased cell cycle activity and UCP2 expression. NRVMs exhibited a metabolic shift towards glycolysis, reduced citrate synthase, mtDNA, ΔΨm and DNA damage/oxidative stress while loss of UCP2 reversed this phenotype. Next, WT and UCP2KO mice kept under hypoxia for 4 weeks showed significant decline in cardiac function that was more pronounced in UCP2KO animals. Cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity was reduced while fibrosis and DNA damage was significantly increased in UCP2KO animals compared to WT under hypoxia. Mechanistically, UCP2 increased acetyl-CoA levels, histone acetylation and altered chromatin modifiers linking metabolism to cardiomyocyte cell cycle under hypoxia. Here, we show a novel role for mitochondrial UCP2 as an oxygen sensor regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity, acetyl-CoA levels and histone acetylation in response to moderate hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagner Oc Rigaud
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Clare Zarka
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Justin Kurian
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Daria Harlamova
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Andrea Elia
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Nicole Kasatkin
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Jaslyn Johnson
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Michael Behanan
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Lindsay Kraus
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Hannah Pepper
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Steven Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America
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15
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Abstract
Embryonic heart development is an intricate process that mainly involves morphogens, transcription factors, and cardiac genes. The precise spatiotemporal expression of these genes during different developmental stages underlies normal heart development. Thus, mutation or aberrant expression of these genes may lead to congenital heart disease (CHD). However, evidence demonstrates that the mutation of genes accounts for only a small portion of CHD cases, whereas the aberrant expression regulated by epigenetic modification plays a predominant role in the pathogenesis of CHD. In this review, we provide essential knowledge on the aberrant epigenetic modification involved in the pathogenesis of CHD. Then, we discuss recent advances in the identification of novel epigenetic biomarkers. Last, we highlight the epigenetic roles in some adverse intrauterine environment‐related CHD, which may help the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these kinds of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Bingbing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD
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16
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Kamerzell TJ, Mikell B, Chen L, Elias H, Dawn B, MacRae C, Middaugh CR. The structural basis of histone modifying enzyme specificity and promiscuity: Implications for metabolic regulation and drug design. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 130:189-243. [PMID: 35534108 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Histone modifying enzymes regulate chromatin architecture through covalent modifications and ultimately control multiple aspects of cellular function. Disruption of histone modification leads to changes in gene expression profiles and may lead to disease. Both small molecule inhibitors and intermediary metabolites have been shown to modulate histone modifying enzyme activity although our ability to identify successful drug candidates or novel metabolic regulators of these enzymes has been limited. Using a combination of large scale in silico screens and in vivo phenotypic analysis, we identified several small molecules and intermediary metabolites with distinctive HME activity. Our approach using unsupervised learning identifies the chemical fingerprints of both small molecules and metabolites that facilitate recognition by the enzymes active sites which can be used as a blueprint to design novel inhibitors. Furthermore, this work supports the idea that histone modifying enzymes sense intermediary metabolites integrating genes, environment and cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim J Kamerzell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States; Division of Internal Medicine, HCA MidWest Health, Overland Park, KS, United States; Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States; Applied AI Technologies, LLC, Overland Park, KS, United States.
| | - Brittney Mikell
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Harold Elias
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Calum MacRae
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - C Russell Middaugh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
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17
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Shi Y, Fan W, Xu M, Lin X, Zhao W, Yang Z. Critical role of Znhit1 for post-natal heart function and vacuolar cardiomyopathy. JCI Insight 2022; 7:148752. [PMID: 35167494 PMCID: PMC8986070 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ is critical for cardiac electrical conduction and contractility, and aberrant Ca2+ homeostasis causes arrhythmia and heart failure. Chromatin remodeling modulates gene expression involved in cardiac sarcomere assembly and postnatal heart function. However, the chromatin-remodeling regulatory mechanism of cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis is unknown. Here, we found that Znhit1, a core subunit of the SRCAP remodeling complex, was essential for heart function. Deletion of Znhit1 in postnatal hearts of mice resulted in arrhythmia, idiopathic vacuolar cardiomyopathy, rapid heart failure, and premature sudden death. In addition, the level of Casq1, a sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ regulatory protein, was massively elevated while SERCA2a showed reduced protein level. Mechanistically, the Znhit1 modulated the expression of Casq1 and SERCA2a by depositing H2A.Z at their promoters. Deletion of Casq1 could substantially alleviate the vacuolar formation in Znhit1Casq1 KO mice. These findings demonstrate that Znhit1 is required for postnatal heart function and maintains cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis and that accumulation of Casq1 might be a causative factor for vacuolar cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Shi
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenli Fan
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingjie Xu
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wukui Zhao
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Sunny S, Challa AK, Qiao A, Jyothidasan A, Krishnamurthy P, Ramamurthy MT, Crossman DK, Pogwizd S, Cinghu S, Rajasekaran NS. Transcriptional Regulation of Structural and Functional Adaptations in a Developing Adulthood Myocardium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 5:454-470. [PMID: 34497977 PMCID: PMC8423094 DOI: 10.26502/fccm.92920215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of the heart follows a synergic action of several signaling pathways during gestational, pre- & postnatal stages. The current study aimed to investigate whether the myocardium experiences transcriptional changes during the transition from post-natal to adult hood stages. Herein, we used C57/B16/J mice at 4 (28- days; post-natal/PN) and 20 weeks (adulthood/AH) of ages and employed the next generation RNAseq (NGS) to profile the transcriptome and echocardiography analysis to monitor the structural/functional changes in the heart. NGS-based RNA-seq revealed that 1215 genes were significantly upregulated and 2549 were down regulated in the AH versus PN hearts, indicating a significant transcriptional change during this transition. A synchronized cardiac transcriptional regulation through cell cycle, growth hormones, redox homeostasis and metabolic pathways was noticed in both PN and AH hearts. Echocardiography reveals significant structural and functional (i.e. systolic/diastolic) changes during the transition of PN to adult stage. Particularly, a progressive decline in ejection fraction and cardiac output was observed in AH hearts. These structural adaptations are in line with critical signaling pathways that drive the maturation of heart during AH. Overall, we have presented a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis along with structural-functional relationship during the myocardial development in adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Sunny
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anil Kumar Challa
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Aijun Qiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Arun Jyothidasan
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Steven Pogwizd
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Senthilkumar Cinghu
- Epigenetics & Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, USA
| | - Namakkal S Rajasekaran
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, UT, USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
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19
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Diab NS, Barish S, Dong W, Zhao S, Allington G, Yu X, Kahle KT, Brueckner M, Jin SC. Molecular Genetics and Complex Inheritance of Congenital Heart Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1020. [PMID: 34209044 PMCID: PMC8307500 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformation and the leading cause of mortality therein. Genetic etiologies contribute to an estimated 90% of CHD cases, but so far, a molecular diagnosis remains unsolved in up to 55% of patients. Copy number variations and aneuploidy account for ~23% of cases overall, and high-throughput genomic technologies have revealed additional types of genetic variation in CHD. The first CHD risk genotypes identified through high-throughput sequencing were de novo mutations, many of which occur in chromatin modifying genes. Murine models of cardiogenesis further support the damaging nature of chromatin modifying CHD mutations. Transmitted mutations have also been identified through sequencing of population scale CHD cohorts, and many transmitted mutations are enriched in cilia genes and Notch or VEGF pathway genes. While we have come a long way in identifying the causes of CHD, more work is required to end the diagnostic odyssey for all CHD families. Complex genetic explanations of CHD are emerging but will require increasingly sophisticated analysis strategies applied to very large CHD cohorts before they can come to fruition in providing molecular diagnoses to genetically unsolved patients. In this review, we discuss the genetic architecture of CHD and biological pathways involved in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S. Diab
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (N.S.D.); (S.B.); (W.D.)
| | - Syndi Barish
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (N.S.D.); (S.B.); (W.D.)
| | - Weilai Dong
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (N.S.D.); (S.B.); (W.D.)
- Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shujuan Zhao
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (S.Z.); (X.Y.)
| | - Garrett Allington
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Xiaobing Yu
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (S.Z.); (X.Y.)
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Kristopher T. Kahle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Martina Brueckner
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (N.S.D.); (S.B.); (W.D.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Sheng Chih Jin
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (S.Z.); (X.Y.)
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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20
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Kurian J, Bohl V, Behanan M, Mohsin S, Khan M. Transcriptional Profiling of Cardiac Cells Links Age-Dependent Changes in Acetyl-CoA Signaling to Chromatin Modifications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136987. [PMID: 34209657 PMCID: PMC8268808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism has emerged as a regulator of core stem cell properties such as proliferation, survival, self-renewal, and multilineage potential. Metabolites serve as secondary messengers, fine-tuning signaling pathways in response to microenvironment alterations. Studies show a role for central metabolite acetyl-CoA in the regulation of chromatin state through changes in histone acetylation. Nevertheless, metabolic regulators of chromatin remodeling in cardiac cells in response to increasing biological age remains unknown. Previously, we identified novel cardiac-derived stem-like cells (CTSCs) that exhibit increased functional properties in the neonatal heart (nCTSC). These cells are linked to a unique metabolism which is altered with CTSC aging (aCTSC). Here, we present an in-depth, RNA-sequencing-based (RNA-Seq) bioinformatic with cluster analysis that details a distinct epigenome present in nCTSCs but not in aCTSCs. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment reveal biological processes, including metabolism, gene regulation enriched in nCTSCs, and STRING analysis that identifies a network of genes related to acetyl-CoA that can potentially influence chromatin remodeling. Additional validation by Western blot and qRT-PCR shows increased acetyl-CoA signaling and histone acetylation in nCTSCs compared to aCTSCs. In conclusion, our data reveal that the link between metabolism and histone acetylation in cardiac cells is altered with the aging of the cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Kurian
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research (CMDR), LKSOM, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (J.K.); (V.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Veronica Bohl
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research (CMDR), LKSOM, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (J.K.); (V.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Michael Behanan
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research (CMDR), LKSOM, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (J.K.); (V.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CVRC), LKSOM, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research (CMDR), LKSOM, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (J.K.); (V.B.); (M.B.)
- Department of Physiology, LKSOM, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-707-1921
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21
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Garry GA, Bezprozvannaya S, Chen K, Zhou H, Hashimoto H, Morales MG, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. The histone reader PHF7 cooperates with the SWI/SNF complex at cardiac super enhancers to promote direct reprogramming. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:467-475. [PMID: 33941892 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Direct cardiac reprogramming of fibroblasts to cardiomyocytes presents an attractive therapeutic strategy to restore cardiac function following injury. Cardiac reprogramming was initially achieved through overexpression of the transcription factors Gata4, Mef2c and Tbx5; later, Hand2 and Akt1 were found to further enhance this process1-5. Yet, staunch epigenetic barriers severely limit the ability of these cocktails to reprogramme adult fibroblasts6,7. We undertook a screen of mammalian gene regulatory factors to discover novel regulators of cardiac reprogramming in adult fibroblasts and identified the histone reader PHF7 as the most potent activating factor8. Mechanistically, PHF7 localizes to cardiac super enhancers in fibroblasts, and through cooperation with the SWI/SNF complex, it increases chromatin accessibility and transcription factor binding at these sites. Furthermore, PHF7 recruits cardiac transcription factors to activate a positive transcriptional autoregulatory circuit in reprogramming. Importantly, PHF7 achieves efficient reprogramming in the absence of Gata4. Here, we highlight the underexplored necessity of cardiac epigenetic readers, such as PHF7, in harnessing chromatin remodelling and transcriptional complexes to overcome critical barriers to direct cardiac reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glynnis A Garry
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Svetlana Bezprozvannaya
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kenian Chen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Huanyu Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hisayuki Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Morales
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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22
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Pagiatakis C, Musolino E, Gornati R, Bernardini G, Papait R. Epigenetics of aging and disease: a brief overview. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:737-745. [PMID: 31811572 PMCID: PMC8084772 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an important risk factor for several human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disorders, resulting from a combination of genetic and environmental factors (e.g., diet, smoking, obesity and stress), which, at molecular level, cause changes in gene expression underlying the decline of physiological function. Epigenetics, which include mechanisms regulating gene expression independently of changes to DNA sequence, regulate gene expression by modulating the structure of chromatin or by regulating the binding of transcriptional machinery to DNA. Several studies showed that an impairment of epigenetic mechanisms promotes alteration of gene expression underlying several aging-related diseases. Alteration of these mechanisms is also linked with changes of gene expression that occurs during aging processes of different tissues. In this review, we will outline the potential role of epigenetics in the onset of two age-related pathologies, cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
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23
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Lim TB, Foo SYR, Chen CK. The Role of Epigenetics in Congenital Heart Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030390. [PMID: 33803261 PMCID: PMC7998561 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect among newborns worldwide and contributes to significant infant morbidity and mortality. Owing to major advances in medical and surgical management, as well as improved prenatal diagnosis, the outcomes for these children with CHD have improved tremendously so much so that there are now more adults living with CHD than children. Advances in genomic technologies have discovered the genetic causes of a significant fraction of CHD, while at the same time pointing to remarkable complexity in CHD genetics. For this reason, the complex process of cardiogenesis, which is governed by multiple interlinked and dose-dependent pathways, is a well investigated process. In addition to the sequence of the genome, the contribution of epigenetics to cardiogenesis is increasingly recognized. Significant progress has been made dissecting the epigenome of the heart and identified associations with cardiovascular diseases. The role of epigenetic regulation in cardiac development/cardiogenesis, using tissue and animal models, has been well reviewed. Here, we curate the current literature based on studies in humans, which have revealed associated and/or causative epigenetic factors implicated in CHD. We sought to summarize the current knowledge on the functional role of epigenetics in cardiogenesis as well as in distinct CHDs, with an aim to provide scientists and clinicians an overview of the abnormal cardiogenic pathways affected by epigenetic mechanisms, for a better understanding of their impact on the developing fetal heart, particularly for readers interested in CHD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingsen Benson Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Sik Yin Roger Foo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Ching Kit Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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24
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Funamoto M, Sunagawa Y, Katanasaka Y, Shimizu K, Miyazaki Y, Sari N, Shimizu S, Mori K, Wada H, Hasegawa K, Morimoto T. Histone Acetylation Domains Are Differentially Induced during Development of Heart Failure in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1771. [PMID: 33578969 PMCID: PMC7916721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation by epigenetic regulators has been shown to activate the transcription of hypertrophic response genes, which subsequently leads to the development and progression of heart failure. However, nothing is known about the acetylation of the histone tail and globular domains in left ventricular hypertrophy or in heart failure. The acetylation of H3K9 on the promoter of the hypertrophic response gene was significantly increased in the left ventricular hypertrophy stage, whereas the acetylation of H3K122 did not increase in the left ventricular hypertrophy stage but did significantly increase in the heart failure stage. Interestingly, the interaction between the chromatin remodeling factor BRG1 and p300 was significantly increased in the heart failure stage, but not in the left ventricular hypertrophy stage. This study demonstrates that stage-specific acetylation of the histone tail and globular domains occurs during the development and progression of heart failure, providing novel insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanism governing transcriptional activity in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Funamoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Yoichi Sunagawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| | - Yasufumi Katanasaka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| | - Kana Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| | - Nurmila Sari
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Satoshi Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| | - Hiromichi Wada
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Tatsuya Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
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25
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Kastner N, Zlabinger K, Spannbauer A, Traxler D, Mester-Tonczar J, Hašimbegović E, Gyöngyösi M. New Insights and Current Approaches in Cardiac Hypertrophy Cell Culture, Tissue Engineering Models, and Novel Pathways Involving Non-Coding RNA. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1314. [PMID: 32973530 PMCID: PMC7472597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is an ongoing clinical challenge, as risk factors such as obesity, smoking and increasing age become more widespread, which lead to an increasing prevalence of developing hypertrophy. Pathological hypertrophy is a maladaptive response to stress conditions, such as pressure overload, and involve a number of changes in cellular mechanisms, gene expression and pathway regulations. Although several important pathways involved in the remodeling and hypertrophy process have been identified, further research is needed to achieve a better understanding and explore new and better treatment options. More recently discovered pathways showed the involvement of several non-coding RNAs, including micro RNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which either promote or inhibit the remodeling process and pose a possible target for novel therapy approaches. In vitro modeling serves as a vital tool for this further pathway analysis and treatment testing and has vastly improved over the recent years, providing a less costly and labor-intensive alternative to in vivo animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kastner
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Zlabinger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Denise Traxler
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ena Hašimbegović
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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26
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DNA methylation at CpG island shore and RXRα regulate NR2F2 in heart tissues of tetralogy of Fallot patients. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:1209-1215. [PMID: 32819587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 2 (NR2F2) gene encodes a ligand-inducible transcription factor involved in angiogenesis and heart development. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of epigenetic regulation of NR2F2 in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) development. In the present study, immunohistochemical staining showed that NR2F2 protein expression was significantly higher in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) tissues of TOF cases compared with controls. The methylation status of the CpG island shore (CGIS) of the NR2F2 gene was decreased in TOF cases, and the CpG site 3 in the CGIS region of NR2F2 promoter was a differential methylation site. Furthermore, the methylation level of the CpG site 3 and the NR2F2 protein expression were significantly negatively correlated in TOF patients. In vitro functional analysis revealed that RXRα could upregulate the NR2F2 gene by directly binding to the CGIS in the NR2F2 promoter, while hypomethylation of the NR2F2 promoter via treatment with 5-azacytidine influenced the affinity of RXRα to its binding sites, as shown by ChIP-qPCR. These findings suggest that promoter hypomethylation activates NR2F2 by enhancing RXRα binding to NR2F2 CGIS in the development of TOF.
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27
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Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive decline in cardiovascular structure and function. Accumulating evidence links cardiovascular aging to epigenetic alterations encompassing a complex interplay of DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modifications, and dynamic nucleosome occupancy governed by numerous epigenetic factors. Advances in genomics technology have led to a profound understanding of chromatin reorganization in both cardiovascular aging and diseases. This review summarizes recent discoveries in epigenetic mechanisms involved in cardiovascular aging and diseases and discusses potential therapeutic strategies to retard cardiovascular aging and conquer related diseases through the rejuvenation of epigenetic signatures to a young state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Zhang
- From the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.Z., G.-H.L.).,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics (W.Z., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.)
| | - Moshi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology (M.S.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.)
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology (J.Q.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.)
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- From the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.Z., G.-H.L.).,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics (W.Z., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.)
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28
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Gong J, Sheng W, Ma D, Huang G, Liu F. DNA methylation status of TBX20 in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:75. [PMID: 31138201 PMCID: PMC6540552 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TBX20 plays an important role in heart development; however, its epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) remains unclear. Methods The methylation levels of the TBX20 promoter region in the right ventricular myocardial tissues of TOF and control samples were measured by the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Bisulphite-sequencing PCR (BSP) was used to confirm the TBX20 methylation of CpG sites in cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to detect the influence of TBX20 methylation and Sp1 transcription factors on gene activity. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to explore the binding of the Sp1 transcription factor to the TBX20 promoter. Results TOF cases had a significantly lower TBX20_M1 methylation level than controls (median methylation: 20.40% vs. 38.73%; p = 0.0047). The Sp1 transcription factor, which binds to Sp1 binding sites in the TBX20_M1 region and promotes TBX20 gene activity, was blocked by the methylation of Sp1 binding sites in normal controls. With decreasing methylation in the TOF cases, the Sp1 transcription factor can bind to its binding site within the TBX20 promoter M1 region and promote TBX20 gene expression. Conclusions Hypomethylation of the TBX20 promoter region was observed in the TOF cases, and the high expression of the TBX20 gene may be caused by activated Sp1 transcription factor binding because of the decreasing methylation at the Sp1 transcription factor binding sites within TBX20_M1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gong
- Children Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Children Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Children Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Children Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, 201102, China.
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Goh KY, He L, Song J, Jinno M, Rogers AJ, Sethu P, Halade GV, Rajasekaran NS, Liu X, Prabhu SD, Darley-Usmar V, Wende AR, Zhou L. Mitoquinone ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and left ventricular dysfunction in mice. Redox Biol 2019; 21:101100. [PMID: 30641298 PMCID: PMC6330374 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that mitochondrial-associated redox signaling contributes to the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). The mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, mitoquinone (MitoQ), is capable of modifying mitochondrial signaling and has shown beneficial effects on HF-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the potential therapeutic impact of MitoQ-based mitochondrial therapies for HF in response to pressure overload is reliant upon demonstration of improved cardiac contractile function and suppression of deleterious cardiac remodeling. Using a new (patho)physiologically relevant model of pressure overload-induced HF we tested the hypothesis that MitoQ is capable of ameliorating cardiac contractile dysfunction and suppressing fibrosis. To test this C57BL/6J mice were subjected to left ventricular (LV) pressure overload by ascending aortic constriction (AAC) followed by MitoQ treatment (2 µmol) for 7 consecutive days. Doppler echocardiography showed that AAC caused severe LV dysfunction and hypertrophic remodeling. MitoQ attenuated pressure overload-induced apoptosis, hypertrophic remodeling, fibrosis and LV dysfunction. Profibrogenic transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4, a major modulator of fibrosis related redox signaling) expression increased markedly after AAC. MitoQ blunted TGF-β1 and NOX4 upregulation and the downstream ACC-dependent fibrotic gene expressions. In addition, MitoQ prevented Nrf2 downregulation and activation of TGF-β1-mediated profibrogenic signaling in cardiac fibroblasts (CF). Finally, MitoQ ameliorated the dysregulation of cardiac remodeling-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AAC myocardium, phenylephrine-treated cardiomyocytes, and TGF-β1-treated CF. The present study demonstrates for the first time that MitoQ improves cardiac hypertrophic remodeling, fibrosis, LV dysfunction and dysregulation of lncRNAs in pressure overload hearts, by inhibiting the interplay between TGF-β1 and mitochondrial associated redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Yong Goh
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Li He
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Miki Jinno
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aaron J Rogers
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Palaniappan Sethu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ganesh V Halade
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sumanth D Prabhu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Adam R Wende
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Lufang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Chen X, Sun Y, Cai R, Wang G, Shu X, Pang W. Long noncoding RNA: multiple players in gene expression. BMB Rep 2018; 51:280-289. [PMID: 29636120 PMCID: PMC6033065 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.6.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously considered as a component of transcriptional noise, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were neglected as a therapeutic target, however, recently increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs can participate in numerous biological processes involved in genetic regulation including epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional regulation. In this review, we discuss the fundamental functions of lncRNAs at different regulatory levels and their roles in metabolic balance. Typical examples are introduced to illustrate their diverse molecular mechanisms. The comprehensive investigation and identification of key lncRNAs will not only contribute to insights into diseases, such as breast cancer and type II diabetes, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for related diseases. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(6): 280-289].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochang Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Yunmei Sun
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan Province 621010, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
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31
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Waldman M, Cohen K, Yadin D, Nudelman V, Gorfil D, Laniado-Schwartzman M, Kornwoski R, Aravot D, Abraham NG, Arad M, Hochhauser E. Regulation of diabetic cardiomyopathy by caloric restriction is mediated by intracellular signaling pathways involving 'SIRT1 and PGC-1α'. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:111. [PMID: 30071860 PMCID: PMC6090985 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0754-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are all linked to diabetic cardiomyopathy that lead to heart failure. Cardiomyopathy is initially characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, followed by mitochondrial dysfunction and fibrosis, both of which are aggravated by angiotensin. Caloric restriction (CR) is cardioprotective in animal models of heart disease through its catabolic activity and activation of the expression of adaptive genes. We hypothesized that in the diabetic heart; this effect involves antioxidant defenses and is mediated by SIRT1 and the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator). Methods Obese Leptin resistant (db/db) mice characterized by DM2 were treated with angiotensin II (AT) for 4 weeks to enhance the development of cardiomyopathy. Mice were concomitantly either on a CR diet or fed ad libitum. Cardiomyocytes were exposed to high levels of glucose and were treated with EX-527 (SIRT1 inhibitor). Cardiac structure and function, gene and protein expression and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed. Results AT treated db/db mice developed cardiomyopathy manifested by elevated levels of serum glucose, cholesterol and cardiac hypertrophy. Leukocyte infiltration, fibrosis and an increase in an inflammatory marker (TNFα) and natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP) gene expression were also observed. Oxidative stress was manifested by low SOD and PGC-1α levels and an increase in ROS and MDA. DM2 resulted in ERK1/2 activation. CR attenuated all these deleterious perturbations and prevented the development of cardiomyopathy. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was reduced in CR mice (p = 0.008). Concomitantly CR prevented the reduction in SIRT activity and PGC-1α (p < 0.04). Inhibition of SIRT1 activity in cardiomyocytes led to a marked reduction in both SIRT1 and PGC-1α. ROS levels were significantly (p < 0.03) increased by glucose and SIRT1 inhibition. Conclusion In the current study we present evidence of the cardioprotective effects of CR operating through SIRT1 and PGC-1 α, thereby decreasing oxidative stress, fibrosis and inflammation. Our results suggest that increasing SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels offer new therapeutic approaches for the protection of the diabetic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Waldman
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Keren Cohen
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dor Yadin
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vadim Nudelman
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan Gorfil
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Ran Kornwoski
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan Aravot
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nader G Abraham
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Michael Arad
- Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Edith Hochhauser
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Felsenstein Research Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Jabotinsky St, 49100, Petach Tikva, Israel.
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HIRA directly targets the enhancers of selected cardiac transcription factors during in vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1001-1011. [PMID: 30030774 PMCID: PMC6156767 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
HIRA is a histone chaperone known to modulate gene expression through the deposition of H3.3. Conditional knockout of Hira in embryonic mouse hearts leads to cardiac septal defects. Loss of function mutation in HIRA, together with other chromatin modifiers, was found in patients with congenital heart diseases. However, the effects of HIRA on gene expression at earlier stages of cardiogenic mesoderm differentiation have not yet been studied. Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) towards cardiomyocytes mimics some of these early events and is an accepted model of these early stages. We performed RNA-Seq and H3.3-HA ChIP-seq on both WT and Hira-null mESCs and early cardiomyocyte progenitors of both genotypes. Analysis of RNA-seq data showed differential down regulation of cardiovascular development-related genes in Hira-null cardiomyocytes compared to WT cardiomyocytes. We found HIRA-dependent H3.3 deposition at these genes. In particular, we observed that HIRA influenced directly the expression of the transcription factors Gata6, Meis1 and Tbx2, essential for cardiac septation, through H3.3 deposition. We therefore identified new direct targets of HIRA during cardiac differentiation.
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Li X, Shao Y, Sha X, Fang P, Kuo YM, Andrews AJ, Li Y, Yang WY, Maddaloni M, Pascual DW, Luo JJ, Jiang X, Wang H, Yang X. IL-35 (Interleukin-35) Suppresses Endothelial Cell Activation by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Site-Specific Acetylation of H3K14 (Histone 3 Lysine 14). Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:599-609. [PMID: 29371247 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IL-35 (interleukin-35) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, which inhibits immune responses by inducing regulatory T cells and regulatory B cells and suppressing effector T cells and macrophages. It remains unknown whether atherogenic stimuli induce IL-35 and whether IL-35 inhibits atherogenic lipid-induced endothelial cell (EC) activation and atherosclerosis. EC activation induced by hyperlipidemia stimuli, including lysophosphatidylcholine is considered as an initiation step for monocyte recruitment and atherosclerosis. In this study, we examined the expression of IL-35 during early atherosclerosis and the roles and mechanisms of IL-35 in suppressing lysophosphatidylcholine-induced EC activation. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using microarray and ELISA, we found that IL-35 and its receptor are significantly induced during early atherosclerosis in the aortas and plasma of ApoE (apolipoprotein E) knockout mice-an atherosclerotic mouse model-and in the plasma of hypercholesterolemic patients. In addition, we found that IL-35 suppresses lysophosphatidylcholine-induced monocyte adhesion to human aortic ECs. Furthermore, our RNA-sequencing analysis shows that IL-35 selectively inhibits lysophosphatidylcholine-induced EC activation-related genes, such as ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1). Mechanistically, using flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, electron spin resonance analyses, and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing analyses, we found that IL-35 blocks lysophosphatidylcholine-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which are required for the induction of site-specific H3K14 (histone 3 lysine 14) acetylation, increased binding of proinflammatory transcription factor AP-1 in the promoter of ICAM-1, and induction of ICAM-1 transcription in human aortic EC. Finally, IL-35 cytokine therapy suppresses atherosclerotic lesion development in ApoE knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS IL-35 is induced during atherosclerosis development and inhibits mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-H3K14 acetylation-AP-1-mediated EC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Li
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Ying Shao
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Xiaojin Sha
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Pu Fang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Yin-Ming Kuo
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Andrew J Andrews
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Yafeng Li
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - William Y Yang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Massimo Maddaloni
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - David W Pascual
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Jin J Luo
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Hong Wang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.)
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- From the Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), Department of Pharmacology (X.L., Y.S., X.S., P.F., Y.L., W.Y.Y., X.J., H.W., X.Y.), and Department of Neurology (J.J.L.), Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.M., D.W.P.).
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Wei H, Cong X. The effect of reactive oxygen species on cardiomyocyte differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:150-158. [PMID: 29258365 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1420184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The coordination of metabolic shift with genetic circuits is critical to cell specification, but the metabolic mechanisms that drive cardiac development are largely unknown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are not only the by-product of mitochondrial metabolism, but play a critical role in signalling cascade of cardiac development as a second messenger. Various levels of ROS appear differential and even oppose effect on selfrenewal and cardiac differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) at each stage of differentiation. The intracellular ROS and redox balance are meticulous regulated by several systems of ROS generation and scavenging, among which mitochondria and the NADPH oxidase (NOX) are major sources of intracellular ROS involved in cardiomyocyte differentiation. Some critical signalling modulators are activated or inactivated by oxidation, suggesting ROS can be involved in regulation of cell fate through these downstream targets. In this review, the literatures about major sources of ROS, the effect of ROS level on cardiac differentiation of PSCs, as well as the underlying mechanism of ROS in the control of cardiac fate of PSC are summarised and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- a Cardiac Signaling Center of University of South Carolina, Medical University of South Carolina and Clemson University , Charleston , SC , USA
| | - Xiangfeng Cong
- b Centre of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease , Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
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Lacolley P, Regnault V, Segers P, Laurent S. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Arterial Stiffening: Relevance in Development, Aging, and Disease. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1555-1617. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00003.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cushioning function of large arteries encompasses distension during systole and recoil during diastole which transforms pulsatile flow into a steady flow in the microcirculation. Arterial stiffness, the inverse of distensibility, has been implicated in various etiologies of chronic common and monogenic cardiovascular diseases and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The first components that contribute to arterial stiffening are extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that support the mechanical load, while the second important components are vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which not only regulate actomyosin interactions for contraction but mediate also mechanotransduction in cell-ECM homeostasis. Eventually, VSMC plasticity and signaling in both conductance and resistance arteries are highly relevant to the physiology of normal and early vascular aging. This review summarizes current concepts of central pressure and tensile pulsatile circumferential stress as key mechanical determinants of arterial wall remodeling, cell-ECM interactions depending mainly on the architecture of cytoskeletal proteins and focal adhesion, the large/small arteries cross-talk that gives rise to target organ damage, and inflammatory pathways leading to calcification or atherosclerosis. We further speculate on the contribution of cellular stiffness along the arterial tree to vascular wall stiffness. In addition, this review provides the latest advances in the identification of gene variants affecting arterial stiffening. Now that important hemodynamic and molecular mechanisms of arterial stiffness have been elucidated, and the complex interplay between ECM, cells, and sensors identified, further research should study their potential to halt or to reverse the development of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Lacolley
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Regnault
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Segers
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Laurent
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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36
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[Genetics of congenital heart diseases]. Presse Med 2017; 46:612-619. [PMID: 28583745 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental genetics of congenital heart diseases has evolved from analysis of serial slices in embryos towards molecular genetics of cardiac morphogenesis with a dynamic view of cardiac development. Genetics of congenital heart diseases has also changed from formal genetic analysis of familial recurrences or population-based analysis to screening for mutations in candidates genes identified in animal models. Close cooperation between molecular embryologists, pathologists involved in heart development and pediatric cardiologists is crucial for further increase of knowledge in the field of cardiac morphogenesis and genetics of cardiac defects. The genetic model for congenital heart disease has to be revised to favor a polygenic origin rather than a monogenic one. The main mechanism is altered genic dosage that can account for heart diseases in chromosomal anomalies as well as in point mutations in syndromic and isolated congenital heart diseases. The use of big data grouping information from cardiac development, interactions between genes and proteins, epigenetic factors such as chromatin remodeling or DNA methylation is the current source for improving our knowledge in the field and to give clues for future therapies.
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Kietzmann T, Petry A, Shvetsova A, Gerhold JM, Görlach A. The epigenetic landscape related to reactive oxygen species formation in the cardiovascular system. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1533-1554. [PMID: 28332701 PMCID: PMC5446579 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can act as damaging molecules but also represent central hubs in cellular signalling networks. Increasing evidence indicates that ROS play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, although the underlying mechanisms and consequences of pathophysiologically elevated ROS in the cardiovascular system are still not completely resolved. More recently, alterations of the epigenetic landscape, which can affect DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, ATP-dependent alterations to chromatin and non-coding RNA transcripts, have been considered to be of increasing importance in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. While it has long been accepted that epigenetic changes are imprinted during development or even inherited and are not changed after reaching the lineage-specific expression profile, it becomes more and more clear that epigenetic modifications are highly dynamic. Thus, they might provide an important link between the actions of ROS and cardiovascular diseases. This review will provide an overview of the role of ROS in modulating the epigenetic landscape in the context of the cardiovascular system. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter OuluUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Andreas Petry
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric CardiologyGerman Heart Center Munich at the TU MunichMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Partner Site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
| | - Antonina Shvetsova
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter OuluUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Joachim M Gerhold
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Agnes Görlach
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric CardiologyGerman Heart Center Munich at the TU MunichMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Partner Site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
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38
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Wang D, Liu C, Li Z, Wang Y, Wang W, Wu X, Wang K, Miao W, Li L, Peng L. Regulation of Histone Acetylation on Expression Profiles of Potassium Channels During Cardiomyocyte Differentiation From Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4460-4467. [PMID: 28464250 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The cardiomyocyte differentiation from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) is a dynamic and complex process that involved in the precision regulation of histone acetylation. The formation of action potential (AP) in mature cardiomyocytes is based on the expression pattern of Na+ , Ca2+ , and K+ ion channels, in which the slow delayed rectifier potassium current (IKs ), the rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr ) and the inwardly rectifying Kir current (IK1 ) mainly contribute to repolarization for AP in different species. However, the expression status of potassium channels conducted IKs , IKr , and IK1 in cardiomyocyte differentiation are not fully defined. Here, we investigated the expression pattern of the slow delayed rectifier potassium channel and the rapid delayed rectifier potassium channel using a model of mouse cardiomyocyte differentiation under different conditions of histone acetylation. We found that expression levels of both the delayed rectifier potassium channel and the inwardly rectifying potassium channel were more sensitive to histone hyperacetylation during differentiation from mESCs into cardiomyocytes. Especially, histone H4 hyperacetylation induced by Class I HDACs inhibitors promoted the expression profiles of potassium channels (Kcnj2, Kcnj3, Kcnj5, Kcnj11, and Kcnh2) in the process. Our results provide a clue for expression status of potassium channels which may be essential to forming functional cardiomyocyte in the cardiac lineage commitment of mESC. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4460-4467, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Luying Peng
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
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39
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Ottaviani L, da Costa Martins PA. Non-coding RNAs in cardiac hypertrophy. J Physiol 2017; 595:4037-4050. [PMID: 28233323 PMCID: PMC5471409 DOI: 10.1113/jp273129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the largest contributors to disease burden and healthcare outflow in the Western world. Despite significant progress in the treatment of heart failure, disease prognosis remains very poor, with the only curative therapy still being heart transplantation. To counteract the current situation, efforts have been made to better understand the underlying molecular pathways in the progression of cardiac disease towards heart failure, and to link the disease to novel therapeutic targets such as non‐coding RNAs. The non‐coding part of the genome has gained prominence over the last couple of decades, opening a completely new research field and establishing different non‐coding RNAs species as fundamental regulators of cellular functions. Not surprisingly, their dysregulation is increasingly being linked to pathology, including to cardiac disease. Pre‐clinically, non‐coding RNAs have been shown to be of great value as therapeutic targets in pathological cardiac remodelling and also as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for heart failure. Therefore, it is to be expected that non‐coding RNA‐based therapeutic strategies will reach the bedside in the future and provide new and more efficient treatments for heart failure. Here, we review recent discoveries linking the function and molecular interactions of non‐coding RNAs with the pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Ottaviani
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paula A da Costa Martins
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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40
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Willis MS, Holley DW, Wang Z, Chen X, Quintana M, Jensen BC, Tannu M, Parker J, Jeyaraj D, Jain MK, Wolfram JA, Lee HG, Bultman SJ. BRG1 and BRM function antagonistically with c-MYC in adult cardiomyocytes to regulate conduction and contractility. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 105:99-109. [PMID: 28232072 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The contractile dysfunction that underlies heart failure involves perturbations in multiple biological processes ranging from metabolism to electrophysiology. Yet the epigenetic mechanisms that are altered in this disease state have not been elucidated. SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes are plausible candidates based on mouse knockout studies demonstrating a combined requirement for the BRG1 and BRM catalytic subunits in adult cardiomyocytes. Brg1/Brm double mutants exhibit metabolic and mitochondrial defects and are not viable although their cause of death has not been ascertained. OBJECTIVE To determine the cause of death of Brg1/Brm double-mutant mice, to test the hypothesis that BRG1 and BRM are required for cardiac contractility, and to identify relevant downstream target genes. METHODS AND RESULTS A tamoxifen-inducible gene-targeting strategy utilizing αMHC-Cre-ERT was implemented to delete both SWI/SNF catalytic subunits in adult cardiomyocytes. Brg1/Brm double-mutant mice were monitored by echocardiography and electrocardiography, and they underwent rapidly progressive ventricular dysfunction including conduction defects and arrhythmias that culminated in heart failure and death within 3weeks. Mechanistically, BRG1/BRM repressed c-Myc expression, and enforced expression of a DOX-inducible c-MYC trangene in mouse cardiomyocytes phenocopied the ventricular conduction defects observed in Brg1/Brm double mutants. BRG1/BRM and c-MYC had opposite effects on the expression of cardiac conduction genes, and the directionality was consistent with their respective loss- and gain-of-function phenotypes. To support the clinical relevance of this mechanism, BRG1/BRM occupancy was diminished at the same target genes in human heart failure cases compared to controls, and this correlated with increased c-MYC expression and decreased CX43 and SCN5A expression. CONCLUSION BRG1/BRM and c-MYC have an antagonistic relationship regulating the expression of cardiac conduction genes that maintain contractility, which is reminiscent of their antagonistic roles as a tumor suppressor and oncogene in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monte S Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Darcy Wood Holley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zhongjing Wang
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021 Jinan, PR China
| | - Megan Quintana
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian C Jensen
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Manasi Tannu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021 Jinan, PR China
| | - Joel Parker
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Darwin Jeyaraj
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Julie A Wolfram
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Hyoung-Gon Lee
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
| | - Scott J Bultman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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41
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Burggren WW, Dubansky B, Bautista NM. Cardiovascular Development in Embryonic and Larval Fishes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.fp.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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42
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Muntean I, Togănel R, Benedek T. Genetics of Congenital Heart Disease: Past and Present. Biochem Genet 2016; 55:105-123. [PMID: 27807680 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-016-9780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital anomaly, representing an important cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Congenital heart disease represents a group of heart anomalies that include septal defects, valve defects, and outflow tract anomalies. The exact genetic, epigenetic, or environmental basis of congenital heart disease remains poorly understood, although the exact mechanism is likely multifactorial. However, the development of new technologies including copy number variants, single-nucleotide polymorphism, next-generation sequencing are accelerating the detection of genetic causes of heart anomalies. Recent studies suggest a role of small non-coding RNAs, micro RNA, in congenital heart disease. The recently described epigenetic factors have also been found to contribute to cardiac morphogenesis. In this review, we present past and recent genetic discoveries in congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Muntean
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation, Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, 50 Gh Marinescu St, 540136, Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Rodica Togănel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation, Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, 50 Gh Marinescu St, 540136, Tirgu Mures, Romania.
| | - Theodora Benedek
- Clinic of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tirgu Mures, Romania
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43
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Resetting the epigenome for heart regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 58:2-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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44
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Greco CM, Kunderfranco P, Rubino M, Larcher V, Carullo P, Anselmo A, Kurz K, Carell T, Angius A, Latronico MVG, Papait R, Condorelli G. DNA hydroxymethylation controls cardiomyocyte gene expression in development and hypertrophy. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12418. [PMID: 27489048 PMCID: PMC4976219 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation at 5-cytosine (5-mC) is a fundamental epigenetic DNA modification associated recently with cardiac disease. In contrast, the role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC)-5-mC's oxidation product-in cardiac biology and disease is unknown. Here we assess the hydroxymethylome in embryonic, neonatal, adult and hypertrophic mouse cardiomyocytes, showing that dynamic modulation of hydroxymethylated DNA is associated with specific transcriptional networks during heart development and failure. DNA hydroxymethylation marks the body of highly expressed genes as well as distal regulatory regions with enhanced activity. Moreover, pathological hypertrophy is characterized by a shift towards a neonatal 5-hmC distribution pattern. We also show that the ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) enzyme regulates the expression of key cardiac genes, such as Myh7, through 5-hmC deposition on the gene body and at enhancers. Thus, we provide a genome-wide analysis of 5-hmC in the cardiomyocyte and suggest a role for this epigenetic modification in heart development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M Greco
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Paolo Kunderfranco
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Marcello Rubino
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Veronica Larcher
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Carullo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Achille Anselmo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Kerstin Kurz
- Center for Integrated Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 8137 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Center for Integrated Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 8137 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Angius
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Papait
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.,Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
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45
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Abstract
Genetic variants contribute to several steps during heart failure pathophysiology. The mechanisms include frequent polymorphisms that increase the susceptibility to heart failure in the general population and rare variants as causes of an underlying cardiomyopathy. In this review, we highlight recent discoveries made by genetic approaches and provide an outlook onto the role of epigenetic modifiers of heart failure.
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46
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van Weerd JH, Christoffels VM. The formation and function of the cardiac conduction system. Development 2016; 143:197-210. [PMID: 26786210 DOI: 10.1242/dev.124883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac conduction system (CCS) consists of distinctive components that initiate and conduct the electrical impulse required for the coordinated contraction of the cardiac chambers. CCS development involves complex regulatory networks that act in stage-, tissue- and dose-dependent manners, and recent findings indicate that the activity of these networks is sensitive to common genetic variants associated with cardiac arrhythmias. Here, we review how these findings have provided novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms and transcriptional networks underlying CCS formation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hendrik van Weerd
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology & Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology & Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
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47
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Abstract
With the impressive advancement in high-throughput 'omics' technologies over the past two decades, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as the regulatory interface between the genome and environmental factors. These mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and RNA-based mechanisms. Their highly interdependent and coordinated action modulates the chromatin structure controlling access of the transcription machinery and thereby regulating expression of target genes. Given the rather limited proliferative capability of human cardiomyocytes, epigenetic regulation appears to play a particularly important role in the myocardium. The highly dynamic nature of the epigenome allows the heart to adapt to environmental challenges and to respond quickly and properly to cardiac stress. It is now becoming evident that histone-modifying and chromatin-remodeling enzymes as well as numerous non-coding RNAs play critical roles in cardiac development and function, while their dysregulation contributes to the onset and development of pathological cardiac remodeling culminating in HF. This review focuses on up-to-date knowledge about the epigenetic mechanisms and highlights their emerging role in the healthy and failing heart. Uncovering the determinants of epigenetic regulation holds great promise to accelerate the development of successful new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in human cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marín-García
- The Molecular Cardiology and Neuromuscular Institute, 75 Raritan Ave., Highland Park, NJ, 08904, USA,
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48
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article provides an overview, highlighting recent findings, of a major mechanism of gene regulation and its relevance to the pathophysiology of heart failure. RECENT FINDINGS The syndrome of heart failure is a complex and highly prevalent condition, one in which the heart undergoes substantial structural remodeling. Triggered by a wide range of disease-related cues, heart failure pathophysiology is governed by both genetic and epigenetic events. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as chromatin/DNA modifications and noncoding RNAs, have emerged as molecular transducers of environmental stimuli to control gene expression. Here, we emphasize metabolic milieu, aging, and hemodynamic stress as they impact the epigenetic landscape of the myocardium. SUMMARY Recent studies in multiple fields, including cancer, stem cells, development, and cardiovascular biology, have uncovered biochemical ties linking epigenetic machinery and cellular energetics and mitochondrial function. Elucidation of these connections will afford molecular insights into long-established epidemiological observations. With time, exploitation of the epigenetic machinery therapeutically may emerge with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cyndi Morales
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas G. Gillette
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joseph A. Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Chang CP, Han P. Epigenetic and lncRNA regulation of cardiac pathophysiology. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1767-71. [PMID: 26969820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Our developmental studies provide an insight into the pathogenesis of heart failure in adults. These studies reveal a mechanistic link between fetal cardiomyocytes and pathologically stressed adult cardiomyocytes at the level of chromatin regulation. In embryos, chromatin-regulating factors within the cardiomyocytes respond to developmental signals to program cardiac gene expression to promote cell proliferation and inhibit premature cell differentiation. In the neonatal period, the activity of these developmental chromatin regulators is quickly turned off in cardiomyocytes, coinciding with the cessation of cell proliferation and advance in cell differentiation toward adult maturity. When the mature hearts are pathologically stressed, those chromatin regulators essential for cardiomyocyte development in embryos are reactivated, triggering gene reprogramming to a fetal-like state and pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, in the study of chromatin regulation and cardiac gene expression, we identified a long noncoding RNA that interacts with chromatin remodeling factor to regulate the cardiac response to environmental changes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cardiomyocyte Biology: Integration of Developmental and Environmental Cues in the Heart edited by Marcus Schaub and Hughes Abriel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Pin Chang
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Pei Han
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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van Berlo JH. Chromatin remodeling permits cardiac hypertrophy to develop. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 89:119-21. [PMID: 26523518 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jop H van Berlo
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA..
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