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Carman BL, Qin S, Predescu DN, Jana M, Cortese R, Aldred MA, Gozal D, Mokhlesi B, Predescu SA. Dysregulation of the Long Non-coding RNA Xist Expression in Male Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Pathol 2024:S0002-9440(24)00166-4. [PMID: 38705381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a sex-biased disease with female gender as a significant risk factor. Recently, we reported that increased expression of the long non-coding (lnc)RNA Xist, as induced by an intersectin-1s protein fragment with proliferative potential (EHITSN), may explain the sexual dimorphism of female pulmonary artery endothelial cells (ECs) and at least in part, the imbalance sex/ratio of PAH. Xist is essential for X-chromosome inactivation and dosage compensation of X-linked genes. Increased Xist expression was also detected in a subset of ECs and lung tissue samples of male PAH patients. The role of different Xist expression levels in ECs of male PAH patients (ECPAH) was studied in several lines of male ECPAH in conjunction with molecular, biochemical, morphological, and functional approaches. Male ECPAH showed on average 10.3-fold increase in high Xist vs. low Xist, a significant association between Xist levels and their proliferative potential, and a heterogeneous methylation of the Xist/Tsix locus. Interestingly, Xist up-regulation in male ECPAH decreases the expression of Klf2, via EHITSN interaction with EZH2, the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2. Moreover, the studies demonstrate that EHITSN-triggered p38/Elk1/c-Fos signaling is a pathological mechanism central to ECPAH proliferation and the dynamic crosstalk with cell cycle regulatory proteins ccna1/ccnd2, and Xist-EZH2-Klf2 interaction participate directly and differentially in establishing the proliferative profile of male ECPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Carman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Dan N Predescu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Malabendu Jana
- Department of Neurological Science, Rush University Medical Center
| | - Rene Cortese
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri, Colombia, MO
| | - Micheala A Aldred
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - David Gozal
- Joan C, Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV
| | - Babak Mokhlesi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Sanda A Predescu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
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Lorefice L, Cortese R. Brain and spinal cord atrophy in NMOSD and MOGAD: Current evidence and future perspectives. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 85:105559. [PMID: 38554671 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a severe form of inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS) including acute myelitis, optic neuritis and brain syndrome. Currently, the classification of NMOSD relies on serologic testing, distinguishing between seropositive or seronegative anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4) status. However, the situation has recently grown more intricate with the identification of patients exhibiting the NMOSD phenotype and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOGAD). NMOSD is primarily recognized as a relapsing disorder; MOGAD can manifest with either a monophasic or relapsing course. Significant symptomatic inflammatory CNS injuries with stability in clinical findings outside the acute phase are reported in both diseases. Nevertheless, recent studies have proposed the existence of a subclinical pathological process, revealing longitudinal changes in brain and spinal cord atrophy. Within this context, we summarise key studies investigating brain and spinal cord measurements in adult NMOSD and MOGAD. We also explore their relationship with clinical aspects, highlight differences from multiple sclerosis (MS), and address future challenges. This exploration is crucial for determining the presence of chronic damage processes, enabling the customization of therapeutic interventions irrespective of the acute phase of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lorefice
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Via Is Guadazzonis 2, Cagliari 09126, Italy.
| | - R Cortese
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Badran M, Puech C, Khalyfa A, Cortese R, Cataldo K, Qiao Z, Gozal D. Senolytic-facilitated Reversal of End-Organ Dysfunction in a Murine Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:1001-1012. [PMID: 38113165 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202306-1101oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition that is associated with accelerated biological aging and multiple end-organ morbidities. Current treatments, such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), have shown limited cognitive, metabolic, and cardiovascular beneficial outcomes despite adherence. Thus, adjunct therapies aiming to reduce OSA burden, such as senolytics, could improve OSA outcomes.Objectives: To assess if targeting senescence in addition to partial normoxia mimicking "good" CPAP adherence can improve physiological outcomes in mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia.Methods: We compared the effects of 6 weeks of therapy with either partial normoxic recovery alone or combined with the senolytic navitoclax after 16 weeks of intermittent hypoxia exposures, a hallmark of OSA, on multiphenotypic cardiometabolic and neurocognitive parameters.Measurements and Main Results: Our findings indicate that only when combined with navitoclax, partial normoxic recovery significantly improved sleepiness (sleep in the dark phase: 34% ± 4% vs. 26% ± 3%; P < 0.01), cognition (preference score: 51% ± 19% vs. 70% ± 11%; P = 0.048), coronary artery function (response to acetylcholine [vasodilation]: 56% ± 13% vs. 72% ± 10%; P < 0.001), glucose, and lipid metabolism and reduced intestinal permeability and senescence in multiple organs.Conclusions: These findings indicate that the reversibility of end-organ morbidities induced by OSA is not only contingent on restoration of normal oxygenation patterns but can be further enhanced by targeting other OSA-mediated detrimental cellular processes, such as accelerated senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badran
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
| | - Clementine Puech
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
| | - Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
| | - Kylie Cataldo
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
| | - Zhuanhong Qiao
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia
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Blum K, Gold MS, Cadet JL, Gondre-Lewis MC, McLaughlin T, Braverman ER, Elman I, Paul Carney B, Cortese R, Abijo T, Bagchi D, Giordano J, Dennen CA, Baron D, Thanos PK, Soni D, Makale MT, Makale M, Murphy KT, Jafari N, Sunder K, Zeine F, Ceccanti M, Bowirrat A, Badgaiyan RD. Invited Expert Opinion- Bioinformatic and Limitation Directives to Help Adopt Genetic Addiction Risk Screening and Identify Preaddictive Reward Dysregulation: Required Analytic Evidence to Induce Dopamine Homeostatsis. Med Res Arch 2023; 11:10.18103/mra.v11i8.4211. [PMID: 37885438 PMCID: PMC10601302 DOI: 10.18103/mra.v11i8.4211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Addiction, albeit some disbelievers like Mark Lewis [1], is a chronic, relapsing brain disease, resulting in unwanted loss of control over both substance and non- substance behavioral addictions leading to serious adverse consequences [2]. Addiction scientists and clinicians face an incredible challenge in combatting the current opioid and alcohol use disorder (AUD) pandemic throughout the world. Provisional data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that from July 2021-2022, over 100,000 individuals living in the United States (US) died from a drug overdose, and 77,237 of those deaths were related to opioid use [3]. This number is expected to rise, and according to the US Surgeon General it is highly conceivable that by 2025 approximately 165,000 Americans will die from an opioid overdose. Alcohol abuse, according to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), results in 3 million deaths worldwide every year, which represents 5.3% of all deaths globally [4].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Blum
- The Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX., USA
- Division of Addiction Research & Education, Center for Sports, Exercise & Psychiatry, Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, CA., USA
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.,USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine and Dayton VA Medical Centre, Dayton, OH, USA
- Division of Nutrigenomics Research, TranspliceGen Therapeutics, Inc., Austin, Tx., 78701, USA
- Department of Nutrigenomic Research, Victory Nutrition International, Inc., Bonita Springs, FL, USA
- Division of Personalized Medicine, Cross-Cultural Research and Educational Institute, San Clemente, CA., USA
- Sunder Foundation, Palm Springs, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Mark S Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO., USA
| | - Jean Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., USA
| | - Marjorie C. Gondre-Lewis
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC., USA
| | - Thomas McLaughlin
- Division of Nutrigenomics Research, TranspliceGen Therapeutics, Inc., Austin, Tx., 78701, USA
| | - Eric R Braverman
- The Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX., USA
| | - Igor Elman
- Center for Pain and the Brain (P.A.I.N Group), Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA., USA
| | - B. Paul Carney
- Division Pediatric Neurology, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO., USA
| | - Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health – Child Health Research Institute, & Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health School of Medicine, University of Missouri, MO., USA
| | - Tomilowo Abijo
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC., USA
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Southern University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John Giordano
- Division of Personalized Mental Illness Treatment & Research, Ketamine Infusion Clinics of South Florida, Pompano Beach, Fl., USA
| | - Catherine A. Dennen
- Department of Family Medicine, Jefferson Health Northeast, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Baron
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Panayotis K Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Diwanshu Soni
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA., USA
| | - Milan T. Makale
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0819, USA
| | - Miles Makale
- Department of Psychology, UC San Diego, Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Nicole Jafari
- Department of Human Development, California State University at long Beach, Long Beach, CA., USA
- Division of Personalized Medicine, Cross-Cultural Research and Educational Institute, San Clemente, CA., USA
| | - Keerthy Sunder
- Department of Psychiatry, Menifee Global Medical Center, Palm Desert, CA., USA
- Sunder Foundation, Palm Springs, CA, USA
| | - Foojan Zeine
- Awareness Integration Institute, San Clemente, CA., USA
- Department of Health Science, California State University at Long Beach, Long Beach, CA., USA
| | - Mauro Ceccanti
- Società Italiana per il Trattamento dell’Alcolismo e le sue Complicanze (SITAC), ASL Roma1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Abdalla Bowirrat
- Department of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Rajendra D. Badgaiyan
- Department of Psychiatry, South Texas Veteran Health Care System, Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Center, San Antonio, TX., USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Mt Sinai University School of Medicine, New York, NY., USA
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Nannini DR, Cortese R, Egwom P, Palaniyandi S, Hildebrandt GC. Time to relapse in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and DNA-methylation-based biological age. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:81. [PMID: 37165442 PMCID: PMC10170738 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01496-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a mature B cell neoplasm with a predilection for older individuals. While previous studies have identified epigenetic signatures associated with CLL, whether age-related DNA methylation changes modulate CLL relapse remains elusive. In this study, we examined the association between epigenetic age acceleration and time to CLL relapse in a publicly available dataset. DNA methylation profiling of 35 CLL patients prior to initiating chemoimmunotherapy was performed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Four epigenetic age acceleration metrics (intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration [IEAA], extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration [EEAA], PhenoAge acceleration [PhenoAA], and GrimAge acceleration [GrimAA]) were estimated from blood DNA methylation levels. Linear, quantile, and logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to assess the association between each epigenetic age metric and time to CLL relapse. EEAA (p = 0.011) and PhenoAA (p = 0.046) were negatively and GrimAA (p = 0.040) was positively associated with time to CLL relapse. Simultaneous assessment of EEAA and GrimAA in male patients distinguished patients who relapsed early from patients who relapsed later (p = 0.039). No associations were observed with IEAA. These findings suggest epigenetic age acceleration prior to chemoimmunotherapy initiation is associated with time to CLL relapse. Our results provide novel insight into the association between age-related DNA methylation changes and CLL relapse and may serve has biomarkers for treatment relapse, and potentially, treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew R Nannini
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri at Columbia, MA408 Medical Science Building, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
| | - Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Peter Egwom
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri at Columbia, MA408 Medical Science Building, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Senthilnathan Palaniyandi
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Gerhard C Hildebrandt
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
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Cortese R, Adams TS, Cataldo KH, Hummel J, Kaminski N, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Gozal D. Single-cell RNA-seq uncovers cellular heterogeneity and provides a signature for paediatric sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:13993003.01465-2022. [PMID: 36356973 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01465-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disease and a major cause of systemic inflammation leading to neurocognitive, behavioural, metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunction in children and adults. However, the impact of OSA on the heterogeneity of circulating immune cells remains to be determined. METHODS We applied single-cell transcriptomics analysis (scRNA-seq) to identify OSA-induced changes in transcriptional landscape in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) composition, which uncovered severity-dependent differences in several cell lineages. Furthermore, a machine-learning approach was used to combine scRNAs-seq cell-specific markers with those differentially expressed in OSA. RESULTS scRNA-seq demonstrated OSA-induced heterogeneity in cellular composition and enabled the identification of previously undescribed cell types in PBMCs. We identified a molecular signature consisting of 32 genes, which distinguished OSA patients from various controls with high precision (area under the curve 0.96) and accuracy (93% positive predictive value and 95% negative predictive value) in an independent PBMC bulk RNA expression dataset. CONCLUSION OSA deregulates systemic immune function and displays a molecular signature that can be assessed in standard cellular RNA without the need for pre-analytical cell separation, thereby making the assay amenable to application in a molecular diagnostic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Taylor S Adams
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kylie H Cataldo
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Justin Hummel
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Leila Kheirandish-Gozal
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Shen Y, Nussbaum YI, Manjunath Y, Hummel JJ, Ciorba MA, Warren WC, Kaifi JT, Papageorgiou C, Cortese R, Shyu CR, Mitchem JB. TBX21 Methylation as a Potential Regulator of Immune Suppression in CMS1 Subtype Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194594. [PMID: 36230517 PMCID: PMC9558549 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration is associated with survival, recurrence, and therapeutic response in colorectal cancer (CRC). Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, which requires CTLs for response, does not work for most CRC patients. Therefore, it is critical to improve our understanding of immune resistance in this disease. We utilized 2391 CRC patients and 7 omics datasets, integrating clinical and genomic data to determine how DNA methylation may impact survival and CTL function in CRC. Using comprehensive molecular subtype (CMS) 1 patients as reference, we found TBX21 to be the only gene with altered expression and methylation that was associated with CTL infiltration. We found that CMS1 patients with high TBX21 expression and low methylation had a significant survival advantage. To confirm the role of Tbx21 in CTL function, we utilized scRNAseq data, demonstrating the association of TBX21 with markers of enhanced CTL function. Further analysis using pathway enrichment found that the genes TBX21, MX1, and SP140 had altered expression and methylation, suggesting that the TP53/P53 pathway may modify TBX21 methylation to upregulate TBX21 expression. Together, this suggests that targeting epigenetic modification more specifically for therapy and patient stratification may provide improved outcomes in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shen
- Institute for Data Science & Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yulia I. Nussbaum
- Institute for Data Science & Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yariswamy Manjunath
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Justin J. Hummel
- Institute for Data Science & Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Matthew A. Ciorba
- School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Wesley C. Warren
- Institute for Data Science & Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jussuf T. Kaifi
- Institute for Data Science & Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Christos Papageorgiou
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Rene Cortese
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Chi-Ren Shyu
- Institute for Data Science & Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jonathan B. Mitchem
- Institute for Data Science & Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence:
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Cortese R, Sanz-Rubio D, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Marin JM, Gozal D. Epigenetic age acceleration in obstructive sleep apnea is reversible with adherent treatment. Eur Respir J 2022; 59:13993003.03042-2021. [PMID: 35086837 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03042-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health - Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - David Sanz-Rubio
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Leila Kheirandish-Gozal
- Department of Child Health - Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - José Maria Marin
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IISAragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health - Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Kaditis AG, Ohler A, Gileles-Hillel A, Choshen-Hillel S, Gozal D, Bruni O, Aydinoz S, Cortese R, Kheirandish-Gozal L. Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on sleep duration in children and adolescents: A survey across different continents. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:2265-2273. [PMID: 33887116 PMCID: PMC8251495 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A parent survey was conducted to assess the sleep habits of children residing in various countries before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. It was hypothesized that lockdown would be associated with increased sleep duration. METHODS Outcomes were changes in bedtime, wake time, and sleep duration in the pandemic compared to before. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the effects of age and covariates on outcomes. RESULTS A total of 845 questionnaires completed from May 1 to June 10, 2020 were analyzed (45.8% female; age 3-17 years). During the pandemic, 23.1% of preschoolers, 46.2% of school-age children, and 89.8% of adolescents were going to bed after 10 p.m. on weekdays compared to 7.1%, 9.4%, and 57.1% respectively before the pandemic, with these proportions being higher on weekends. Likewise, 42.5% of preschoolers, 61.3% of school-age children, and 81.2% of adolescents were waking after 8 a.m. on weekdays (11.6%, 4.9%, and 10.3%, before) with these proportions being greater on weekends. Sleep duration did not change in 43% of participants on weekdays and in 46.2% on weekends. The 14-17 years group had fourfold increased odds for longer sleep duration on weekdays (p < .01), and children aged 6-13 years had twofold increased odds for longer sleep duration on weekends relative to the 3-5 years age group (p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Although lockdown was associated with later bedtime and wake time, this shift did not alter sleep duration in more than 40% of children. Yet, compared to preschoolers, high school-aged children were more likely to sleep more on weekdays and primary school children on weekends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios G Kaditis
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Adrienne Ohler
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Alex Gileles-Hillel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Wohl Center for Translational Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, Kiryat Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.,Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shoham Choshen-Hillel
- School of Business Administration and the Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Secil Aydinoz
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Leila Kheirandish-Gozal
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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10
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Cortese R. Epigenetics of Sleep Disorders: An Emerging Field in Diagnosis and Therapeutics. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050851. [PMID: 34068472 PMCID: PMC8150507 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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11
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Cortese R, Khalyfa A, Bao R, Gozal D. Gestational sleep apnea perturbations induce metabolic disorders by divergent epigenomic regulation. Epigenomics 2021; 13:751-765. [PMID: 33929266 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Late-gestational sleep fragmentation (LG-SF) and intermittent hypoxia (LG-IH), two hallmarks of obstructive sleep apnea, lead to metabolic dysfunction in the offspring. We investigated specific biological processes that are epigenetically regulated by LG-SF and LG-IH. Materials & methods: We analyzed DNA methylation profiles in offspring visceral white adipose tissues by MeDIP-chip followed by pathway analysis. Results: We detected 1187 differentially methylated loci (p < 0.01) between LG-SF and LG-IH. Epigenetically regulated genes in LG-SF offspring were associated with lipid and glucose metabolism, whereas those in LG-IH were related to inflammatory signaling and cell proliferation. Conclusion: While LG-SF and LG-IH will result in equivalent phenotypic alterations in offspring, each paradigm appears to operate through epigenetic regulation of different biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Riyue Bao
- Hillman Cancer Center, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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12
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Pires GN, Benedetto L, Cortese R, Gozal D, Gulia KK, Kumar VM, Tufik S, Andersen ML. Effects of sleep modulation during pregnancy in the mother and offspring: Evidences from preclinical research. J Sleep Res 2020; 30:e13135. [PMID: 32618040 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Disturbed sleep during gestation may lead to adverse outcomes for both mother and child. Animal research plays an important role in providing insights into this research field by enabling ethical and methodological requirements that are not possible in humans. Here, we present an overview and discuss the main research findings related to the effects of prenatal sleep deprivation in animal models. Using systematic review approaches, we retrieved 42 articles dealing with some type of sleep alteration. The most frequent research topics in this context were maternal sleep deprivation, maternal behaviour, offspring behaviour, development of sleep-wake cycles in the offspring, hippocampal neurodevelopment, pregnancy viability, renal physiology, hypertension and metabolism. This overview indicates that the number of basic studies in this field is growing, and provides biological plausibility to suggest that sleep disturbances might be detrimental to both mother and offspring by promoting increased risk at the behavioural, hormonal, electrophysiological, metabolic and epigenetic levels. More studies on the effects of maternal sleep deprivation are needed, in light of their major translational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Natan Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Benedetto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kamalesh K Gulia
- Division of Sleep Research, Biomedical Technology Wing - Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | | | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Trzepizur W, Cortese R, Gozal D. Murine models of sleep apnea: functional implications of altered macrophage polarity and epigenetic modifications in adipose and vascular tissues. Metabolism 2018; 84:44-55. [PMID: 29154950 PMCID: PMC5955762 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disease across the lifespan, is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, and has been independently associated with substantial cardiometabolic morbidity. However, the reversibility of end-organ morbidity with treatment is not always apparent, suggesting that both tissue remodeling and epigenetic mechanisms may be operationally involved. Here, we review the cumulative evidence focused around murine models of OSA to illustrate the temporal dependencies of cardiometabolic dysfunction and its reversibility, and more particularly to discuss the critical contributions of tissue macrophages to adipose tissue insulin resistance and vascular atherogenesis. In addition, we describe initial findings potentially implicating epigenetic alterations in both the emergence of the cardiometabolic morbidity of OSA, and in its reversibility with treatment. We anticipate that improved understanding of macrophage biology and epigenetics in the context of intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation will lead to discovery of novel therapeutic targets and improved cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Trzepizur
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Département de Pneumologie, Centre de Recherche Clinique, CHU d'Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, UNIV Angers, INSERM UMR 1063, Angers, France
| | - Rene Cortese
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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14
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Gozal D, Gileles-Hillel A, Cortese R, Li Y, Almendros I, Qiao Z, Khalyfa AA, Andrade J, Khalyfa A. Visceral White Adipose Tissue after Chronic Intermittent and Sustained Hypoxia in Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 56:477-487. [PMID: 28107636 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0243oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a process induced by hypoxia in visceral white adipose tissues (vWAT) in the context of obesity, mediates obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sustained hypoxia (SH) induce body weight reductions and insulin resistance of different magnitudes, suggesting different hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α-related activity. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (n = 10-12/group) were exposed to either IH, SH, or room air (RA). vWAT were analyzed for insulin sensitivity (phosphorylated (pAKT)/AKT), HIF-1α transcription using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing, angiogenesis using immunohistochemistry, and gene expression of different fat cell markers and HIF-1α gene targets using quantitative polymerase chain reaction or microarrays. Body and vWAT weights were reduced in hypoxia (SH > IH > RA; P < 0.001), with vWAT in IH manifesting vascular rarefaction and increased proinflammatory macrophages. HIF-1α ChIP-sequencing showed markedly increased binding sites in SH-exposed vWAT both at 6 hours and at 6 weeks compared with IH, the latter also showing decreased vascular endothelial growth factor, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, P2RX5, and PAT2 expression, and insulin resistance (IH > > > SH = RA; P < 0.001). IH induces preferential whitening of vWAT, as opposed to prominent browning in SH. Unlike SH, IH elicits early HIF-1α activity that is unsustained over time and is accompanied by concurrent vascular rarefaction, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Thus, the dichotomous changes in HIF-1α transcriptional activity and brown/beige/white fat balance in IH and SH should enable exploration of mechanisms by which altered sympathetic outflow, such as that which occurs in apneic patients, results in whitening, rather than the anticipated browning of adipose tissues that occurs in SH.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gozal
- 1 Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, and
| | - Alex Gileles-Hillel
- 1 Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, and
| | - Rene Cortese
- 1 Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, and
| | - Yan Li
- 2 Center for Research Informatics, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Isaac Almendros
- 1 Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, and.,3 Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; and.,4 CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zhuanhong Qiao
- 1 Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, and
| | - Ahamed A Khalyfa
- 1 Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, and
| | - Jorge Andrade
- 2 Center for Research Informatics, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- 1 Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, and
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15
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Grossman RL, Abel B, Angiuoli S, Barrett JC, Bassett D, Bramlett K, Blumenthal GM, Carlsson A, Cortese R, DiGiovanna J, Davis-Dusenbery B, Dittamore R, Eberhard DA, Febbo P, Fitzsimons M, Flamig Z, Godsey J, Goswami J, Gruen A, Ortuño F, Han J, Hayes D, Hicks J, Holloway D, Hovelson D, Johnson J, Juhl H, Kalamegham R, Kamal R, Kang Q, Kelloff GJ, Klozenbuecher M, Kolatkar A, Kuhn P, Langone K, Leary R, Loverso P, Manmathan H, Martin AM, Martini J, Miller D, Mitchell M, Morgan T, Mulpuri R, Nguyen T, Otto G, Pathak A, Peters E, Philip R, Posadas E, Reese D, Reese MG, Robinson D, Dei Rossi A, Sakul H, Schageman J, Singh S, Scher HI, Schmitt K, Silvestro A, Simmons J, Simmons T, Sislow J, Talasaz A, Tang P, Tewari M, Tomlins S, Toukhy H, Tseng HR, Tuck M, Tzou A, Vinson J, Wang Y, Wells W, Welsh A, Wilbanks J, Wolf J, Young L, Lee J, Leiman LC. Collaborating to Compete: Blood Profiling Atlas in Cancer (BloodPAC) Consortium. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 101:589-592. [PMID: 28187516 PMCID: PMC5525192 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The cancer community understands the value of blood profiling measurements in assessing and monitoring cancer. We describe an effort among academic, government, biotechnology, diagnostic, and pharmaceutical companies called the Blood Profiling Atlas in Cancer (BloodPAC) Project. BloodPAC will aggregate, make freely available, and harmonize for further analyses, raw datasets, relevant associated clinical data (e.g., clinical diagnosis, treatment history, and outcomes), and sample preparation and handling protocols to accelerate the development of blood profiling assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Grossman
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - B Abel
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - S Angiuoli
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - K Bramlett
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - G M Blumenthal
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, Maryland, USA
| | - A Carlsson
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - R Cortese
- Seven Bridges, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - R Dittamore
- Epic Research and Diagnostics, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - P Febbo
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - M Fitzsimons
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Z Flamig
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J Godsey
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Goswami
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - A Gruen
- Seven Bridges, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - F Ortuño
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J Han
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - D Hayes
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Hicks
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - D Holloway
- Seven Bridges, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D Hovelson
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Johnson
- AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Juhl
- Indivumed GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Kalamegham
- Genentech, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - R Kamal
- Omicia, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Q Kang
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - G J Kelloff
- Office of the Director, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - A Kolatkar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - P Kuhn
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - K Langone
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - R Leary
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - P Loverso
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - H Manmathan
- Seven Bridges, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A-M Martin
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - D Miller
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M Mitchell
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - T Morgan
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - R Mulpuri
- Provista Diagnostics Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - T Nguyen
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - G Otto
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Pathak
- Center for Device and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, Maryland, USA
| | - E Peters
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - R Philip
- Center for Device and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, Maryland, USA
| | - E Posadas
- CytoLumina, Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA.,Cedar-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - D Reese
- Provista Diagnostics Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | | | - D Robinson
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Dei Rossi
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - H Sakul
- Pfizer, San Diego, California, USA
| | - J Schageman
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - S Singh
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H I Scher
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - K Schmitt
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Silvestro
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Simmons
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - T Simmons
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J Sislow
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Talasaz
- Guardant Health, Inc., Redwood City, California, USA
| | - P Tang
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M Tewari
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - S Tomlins
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - H Toukhy
- Guardant Health, Inc., Redwood City, California, USA
| | - H R Tseng
- CytoLumina, Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA.,Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - M Tuck
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - A Tzou
- Center for Device and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, Maryland, USA
| | - J Vinson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Epic Research and Diagnostics, San Diego, California, USA
| | - W Wells
- Open Commons Consortium, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Welsh
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Wilbanks
- Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - J Wolf
- Provista Diagnostics Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - L Young
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jsh Lee
- Office of the Director, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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16
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Cortese R, Gileles-Hillel A, Khalyfa A, Almendros I, Akbarpour M, Khalyfa AA, Qiao Z, Garcia T, Andrade J, Gozal D. Aorta macrophage inflammatory and epigenetic changes in a murine model of obstructive sleep apnea: Potential role of CD36. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43648. [PMID: 28240319 PMCID: PMC5327416 DOI: 10.1038/srep43648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 8-10% of the population, is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), and causally associates with cardiovascular morbidities. In CIH-exposed mice, closely mimicking the chronicity of human OSA, increased accumulation and proliferation of pro-inflammatory metabolic M1-like macrophages highly expressing CD36, emerged in aorta. Transcriptomic and MeDIP-seq approaches identified activation of pro-atherogenic pathways involving a complex interplay of histone modifications in functionally-relevant biological pathways, such as inflammation and oxidative stress in aorta macrophages. Discontinuation of CIH did not elicit significant improvements in aorta wall macrophage phenotype. However, CIH-induced aorta changes were absent in CD36 knockout mice, Our results provide mechanistic insights showing that CIH exposures during sleep in absence of concurrent pro-atherogenic settings (i.e., genetic propensity or dietary manipulation) lead to the recruitment of CD36(+)high macrophages to the aortic wall and trigger atherogenesis. Furthermore, long-term CIH-induced changes may not be reversible with usual OSA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alex Gileles-Hillel
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mahzad Akbarpour
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ahamed A Khalyfa
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhuanghong Qiao
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tzintzuni Garcia
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jorge Andrade
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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Khalyfa A, Cortese R, Qiao Z, Ye H, Bao R, Andrade J, Gozal D. Late gestational intermittent hypoxia induces metabolic and epigenetic changes in male adult offspring mice. J Physiol 2017; 595:2551-2568. [PMID: 28090638 DOI: 10.1113/jp273570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Late gestation during pregnancy has been associated with a relatively high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Intermittent hypoxia, a hallmark of OSA, could impose significant long-term effects on somatic growth, energy homeostasis and metabolic function in offspring. Here we show that late gestation intermittent hypoxia induces metabolic dysfunction as reflected by increased body weight and adiposity index in adult male offspring that is paralleled by epigenomic alterations and inflammation in visceral white adipose tissue. Fetal perturbations by OSA during pregnancy impose long-term detrimental effects manifesting as metabolic dysfunction in adult male offspring. ABSTRACT Pregnancy, particularly late gestation (LG), has been associated with a relatively high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a hallmark of OSA, could impose significant long-term effects on somatic growth, energy homeostasis, and metabolic function in offspring. We hypothesized that IH during late pregnancy (LG-IH) may increase the propensity for metabolic dysregulation and obesity in adult offspring via epigenetic modifications. Time-pregnant female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to LG-IH or room air (LG-RA) during days 13-18 of gestation. At 24 weeks, blood samples were collected from offspring mice for lipid profiles and insulin resistance, indirect calorimetry was performed and visceral white adipose tissues (VWAT) were assessed for inflammatory cells as well as for differentially methylated gene regions (DMRs) using a methylated DNA immunoprecipitation on chip (MeDIP-chip). Body weight, food intake, adiposity index, fasting insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol levels were all significantly higher in LG-IH male but not female offspring. LG-IH also altered metabolic expenditure and locomotor activities in male offspring, and increased number of pro-inflammatory macrophages emerged in VWAT along with 1520 DMRs (P < 0.0001), associated with 693 genes. Pathway analyses showed that genes affected by LG-IH were mainly associated with molecular processes related to metabolic regulation and inflammation. LG-IH induces metabolic dysfunction as reflected by increased body weight and adiposity index in adult male offspring that is paralleled by epigenomic alterations and inflammation in VWAT. Thus, perturbations to fetal environment by OSA during pregnancy can have long-term detrimental effects on the fetus, and lead to persistent metabolic dysfunction in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rene Cortese
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhuanhong Qiao
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Honggang Ye
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Riyue Bao
- Center for Research Informatics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jorge Andrade
- Center for Research Informatics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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18
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Oh G, Ebrahimi S, Wang SC, Cortese R, Kaminsky ZA, Gottesman II, Burke JR, Plassman BL, Petronis A. Epigenetic assimilation in the aging human brain. Genome Biol 2016; 17:76. [PMID: 27122015 PMCID: PMC4848814 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-016-0946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epigenetic drift progressively increases variation in DNA modification profiles of aging cells, but the finale of such divergence remains elusive. In this study, we explored the dynamics of DNA modification and transcription in the later stages of human life. Results We find that brain tissues of older individuals (>75 years) become more similar to each other, both epigenetically and transcriptionally, compared with younger individuals. Inter-individual epigenetic assimilation is concurrent with increasing similarity between the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum, which points to potential brain cell dedifferentiation. DNA modification analysis of twins affected with Alzheimer’s disease reveals a potential for accelerated epigenetic assimilation in neurodegenerative disease. We also observe loss of boundaries and merging of neighboring DNA modification and transcriptomic domains over time. Conclusions Age-dependent epigenetic divergence, paradoxically, changes to convergence in the later stages of life. The newly described phenomena of epigenetic assimilation and tissue dedifferentiation may help us better understand the molecular mechanisms of aging and the origins of diseases for which age is a risk factor. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-016-0946-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Oh
- Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St. R130, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Sasha Ebrahimi
- Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St. R130, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Sun-Chong Wang
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Chungli, 320, Taiwan
| | - Rene Cortese
- Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St. R130, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - Zachary A Kaminsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, USA
| | - Irving I Gottesman
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| | - James R Burke
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Box 2900, Durham, North Carolina, 27701, USA
| | - Brenda L Plassman
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Box 41, Durham, North Carolina, 27701, USA
| | - Art Petronis
- Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St. R130, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada.
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Tortelli R, Copetti M, Panza F, Fontana A, Cortese R, Capozzo R, Introna A, D'Errico E, Zoccolella S, Arcuti S, Seripa D, Simone IL, Logroscino G. Time to generalization and prediction of survival in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a retrospective observational study. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:1117-25. [PMID: 27016147 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A strong association between time to generalization (TTG), considered as the time of spreading of the clinical signs from spinal or bulbar localization to both, and survival was recently identified in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Thus, TTG may be used as an early to intermediate end-point in survival studies. The aim of the present study was to test TTG as a predictor of survival in ALS. METHODS This was an observational retrospective study of ALS patients from a tertiary referral centre over a 5-year follow-up period. RESULTS In 212 ALS patients, TTG was associated with time to death/tracheostomy [R 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53-0.70; P < 0.001]. In a time-to-event analysis, longer TTG resulted in lower risk to reach a composite outcome (death or tracheostomy) both in univariate [hazard ratio (HR) 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99] and multivariate Cox analyses (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-0.99). TTG predicted death/tracheostomy at 4 years (C-statistic 0.58; 95% CI 0.53-0.63) and at 5 years (C-statistic 0.58; 95% CI 0.53-0.62). CONCLUSIONS Based on the present results from a large clinical cohort, TTG may be used as a new early to intermediate end-point to describe the ALS natural history. TTG may be potentially useful as a new primary outcome measure for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tortelli
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - M Copetti
- Unit of Biostatistics, IRCCS 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza', San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - F Panza
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Tricase, Lecce, Italy.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.,Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza', San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - A Fontana
- Unit of Biostatistics, IRCCS 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza', San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - R Cortese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - R Capozzo
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - A Introna
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - E D'Errico
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - S Zoccolella
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - S Arcuti
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - D Seripa
- Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza', San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - I L Simone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - G Logroscino
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Tricase, Lecce, Italy.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
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Cortese R, Zhang C, Bao R, Andrade J, Khalyfa A, Mokhlesi B, Gozal D. DNA Methylation Profiling of Blood Monocytes in Patients With Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: Effect of Positive Airway Pressure Treatment. Chest 2016; 150:91-101. [PMID: 26923628 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.02.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OSA is a highly prevalent condition that is associated with a wide range of long-term morbidities including metabolic, cardiovascular, and cognitive alterations, possibly via activation of systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. Implementation of positive airway pressure (PAP) is the first-line treatment for OSA, as well as for obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), its most severe phenotype. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying OHS-induced morbidities and their response to PAP treatment remain unclear, and could be mediated, in part, by OSA-induced epigenetic changes. METHODS Blood was collected before starting PAP treatment (PRE group), as well as 6 weeks after PAP treatment (POST group) in 15 adult patients with OHS. DNA methylation profiles were studied by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation coupled to microarrays (MeDIP-chip) in six representative patients and further verified in a cohort of 15 patients by MeDIP-quantitative PCR. RESULTS We identified 1,847 regions showing significant differential DNA methylation (P < .001; model-based analysis of tiling arrays score, > 4) between the groups. Analysis of biochemical pathways and gene networks demonstrated that differentially methylated regions were associated with immune responses, and particularly with mechanisms governing gene regulation by peroxisome proliferation-activated receptors (PPARs). Single-locus quantitative PCR analysis revealed that DNA methylation was increased at the PPAR-responsive elements (PPAREs) of eight genes in the post-treatment samples (PRE/POST fold changes: ABCA1, 3.11; ABCG1, 1.72; CD36, 5.04; FABP4, 2.49; HMOX, 2.74; NOS2, 7.78; PEPCK, 9.27; and ADIPOQ, 1.73), suggesting that PAP treatment leads to an increase in DNA methylation at PPAREs, possibly affecting the binding of the PPAR-γ complex and downstream gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Our work provides initial evidence of epigenetic regulation particularly involving metabolic pathways in patients with OHS who are responsive to PAP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Chunling Zhang
- Center for Research Informatics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Riyue Bao
- Center for Research Informatics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jorge Andrade
- Center for Research Informatics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Babak Mokhlesi
- Sleep Disorders Center and Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - David Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
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Cortese R, Lu L, Yu Y, Ruden D, Claud EC. Epigenome-Microbiome crosstalk: A potential new paradigm influencing neonatal susceptibility to disease. Epigenetics 2016; 11:205-15. [PMID: 26909656 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1155011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory bowel disease affecting primarily premature infants, which can be lethal. Microbial intestinal colonization may alter epigenetic signatures of the immature gut establishing inflammatory and barrier properties predisposing to the development of NEC. We hypothesize that a crosstalk exists between the epigenome of the host and the initial intestinal colonizing microbiota at critical neonatal stages. By exposing immature enterocytes to probiotic and pathogenic bacteria, we showed over 200 regions of differential DNA modification, which were specific for each exposure. Reciprocally, using a mouse model of prenatal exposure to dexamethasone we demonstrated that antenatal treatment with glucocorticoids alters the epigenome of the host. We investigated the effects on the expression profiles of genes associated with inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier by qPCR-based gene expression array and verified the DNA modification changes in 5 candidate genes by quantitative methylation specific PCR (qMSP). Importantly, by 16S RNA sequencing-based phylogenetic analysis of intestinal bacteria in mice at 2 weeks of life, we showed that epigenome changes conditioned early microbiota colonization leading to differential bacterial colonization at different taxonomic levels. Our findings support a novel conceptual framework in which epigenetic changes induced by intrauterine influences affect early microbial colonization and intestinal development, which may alter disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- a Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Lei Lu
- a Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Yueyue Yu
- a Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Douglas Ruden
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (IEHS), Wayne State University , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Erika C Claud
- a Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
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22
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Cortese R, Almendros I, Wang Y, Gozal D. Tumor circulating DNA profiling in xenografted mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia. Oncotarget 2016; 6:556-69. [PMID: 25415227 PMCID: PMC4381615 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) a hallmark characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is proposed as a major determinant of processes involving tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. To examine whether circulating DNA (cirDNA) in blood plasma reflects changes in tumor cells under IH conditions, we used a xenografted murine model. Mice engrafted with TC1 epithelial lung cancer cells and controls were exposed to IH or room air (RA) conditions. Plasma cirDNA amounts were significantly increased in mice exposed to IH (p<0.05). Significant associations between plasma cirDNA concentrations and tumor size, weight and invasiveness also emerged (p<0.05). Using a methylation microarray-based approach, we identified 2,094 regions showing significant differential cirDNA modifications. Systems biology analyses revealed an association with molecular pathways deregulated in cancer progression and with distal and TSS-associated transcription factor binding sites. We detected clusters of highly variable regions in chromosomes 7, 13, 14 and X, which may highlight hotspots for DNA deletions. Single locus displayed high intragroup variation, suggesting cellular heterogeneity within the tissue may be associated to cirDNA release. Thus, exposures to IH increase the shedding of cirDNA into circulation, which carries epigenetic modifications that may characterize cell populations within the tumor that preferentially release their DNA upon IH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Cortese R, Khalyfa A, Bao R, Andrade J, Gozal D. Epigenomic profiling in visceral white adipose tissue of offspring of mice exposed to late gestational sleep fragmentation. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 39:1432. [PMID: 26347212 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Green CA, Scarselli E, Voysey M, Capone S, Vitelli A, Nicosia A, Cortese R, Thompson AJ, Sande CS, de Lara C, Klenerman P, Pollard AJ. Safety and immunogenicity of novel respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines based on the RSV viral proteins F, N and M2-1 encoded by simian adenovirus (PanAd3-RSV) and MVA (MVA-RSV); protocol for an open-label, dose-escalation, single-centre, phase 1 clinical trial in healthy adults. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e008748. [PMID: 26510727 PMCID: PMC4636663 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes respiratory disease throughout life, with infants and the elderly at risk of severe disease and death. RSV001 is a phase 1 (first-in-man), open-label, dose-escalation, clinical trial of novel genetic viral-vectored vaccine candidates PanAd3-RSV and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-RSV. The objective of RSV001 is to characterise the (primary objective) safety and (secondary objective) immunogenicity of these vaccines in healthy younger and older adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Heterologous and homologous 'prime'/boost combinations of PanAd3-RSV and single-dose MVA-RSV are evaluated in healthy adults. 40 healthy adults aged 18-50 years test one of four combinations of intramuscular (IM) or intranasal (IN) PanAd3-RSV prime and IM PanAd3 or IM MVA-RSV boost vaccination, starting at a low dose for safety. The following year an additional 30 healthy adults aged 60-75 years test either a single dose of IM MVA-RSV, one of three combinations of IN or IM PanAd3-RSV prime and PanAd3-RSV or MVA-RSV boost vaccination used in younger volunteers, and a non-vaccinated control group. Study participants are self-selected volunteers who satisfy the eligibility criteria and are assigned to study groups by sequential allocation. Safety assessment includes the daily recording of solicited and unsolicited adverse events for 1 week after vaccination, as well as visit (nursing) observations and safety bloods obtained at all scheduled attendances. Laboratory measures of RSV-specific humoral and cellular immune responses after vaccination will address the secondary end points. All study procedures are performed at the Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine (CCVTM), Oxford, UK. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION RSV001 has clinical trial authorisation from the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) and ethics approval from NRES Berkshire (reference 13/SC/0023). All study procedures adhere to International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) Good Clinical Practice guidelines. The results of the trial are to be published in peer-reviewed journals, conferences and academic forums. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01805921.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Green
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, The NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Scarselli
- ReiThera Srl, (formerly Okairos Srl), Rome, Italy
| | - M Voysey
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, The NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Capone
- ReiThera Srl, (formerly Okairos Srl), Rome, Italy
| | - A Vitelli
- ReiThera Srl, (formerly Okairos Srl), Rome, Italy
| | - A Nicosia
- ReiThera Srl, (formerly Okairos Srl), Rome, Italy
| | - R Cortese
- ReiThera Srl, (formerly Okairos Srl), Rome, Italy
| | - A J Thompson
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, The NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C S Sande
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, The NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Catherine de Lara
- Experimental Medicine Division, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P Klenerman
- Experimental Medicine Division, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, The NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Cortese R, Almendros I, Wang Y, Gozal D. Microarray-based analysis of plasma cirDNA epigenetic modification profiling in xenografted mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia. Genom Data 2015; 5:17-20. [PMID: 26484214 PMCID: PMC4583627 DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep is one of the major abnormalities occurring in patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a highly prevalent disorder affecting 6-15% of the general population, particularly among obese people. IH has been proposed as a major determinant of oncogenetically-related processes such as tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. During the growth and expansion of tumors, fragmented DNA is released into the bloodstream and enters the circulation. Circulating tumor DNA (cirDNA) conserves the genetic and epigenetic profiles from the tumor of origin and can be isolated from the plasma fraction. Here we report a microarray-based epigenetic profiling of cirDNA isolated from blood samples of mice engrafted with TC1 epithelial lung cancer cells and controls, which were exposed to IH during sleep (XenoIH group, n = 3) or control conditions, (i.e., room air (RA); XenoRA group, n = 3) conditions. To prepare the targets for microarray hybridization, we applied a previously developed method that enriches the modified fraction of the cirDNA without amplification of genomic DNA. Regions of differential cirDNA modification between the two groups were identified by hybridizing the enriched fractions for each sample to Affymetrix GeneChip Human Promoter Arrays 1.0R. Microarray raw and processed data were deposited in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (accession number: GSE61070).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yang Wang
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Cortese R, Khalyfa A, Bao R, Andrade J, Gozal D. Epigenomic profiling in visceral white adipose tissue of offspring of mice exposed to late gestational sleep fragmentation. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 39:1135-42. [PMID: 25801690 PMCID: PMC4496299 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep fragmentation during late gestation (LG-SF) is one of the major perturbations associated with sleep apnea and other sleep disorders during pregnancy. We have previously shown that LG-SF induces metabolic dysfunction in offspring mice during adulthood. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of late LG-SF on metabolic homeostasis in offspring and to determine the effects of LG-SF on the epigenome of visceral white adipose tissue (VWAT) in the offspring. METHODS Time-pregnant mice were exposed to LG-SF or sleep control during LG (LG-SC) conditions during the last 6 days of gestation. At 24 weeks of age, lipid profiles and metabolic parameters were assessed in the offspring. We performed large-scale DNA methylation analyses using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) coupled with microarrays (MeDIP-chip) in VWAT of 24-week-old LG-SF and LG-SC offspring (n=8 mice per group). Univariate multiple-testing adjusted statistical analyses were applied to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between the groups. DMRs were mapped to their corresponding genes, and tested for potential overlaps with biological pathways and gene networks. RESULTS We detected significant increases in body weight (31.7 vs 28.8 g; P=0.001), visceral (642.1 vs 497.0 mg; P=0.002) and subcutaneous (293.1 vs 250.1 mg; P=0.001) fat mass, plasma cholesterol (110.6 vs 87.6 mg dl(-1); P=0.001), triglycerides (87.3 vs 84.1 mg dl(-1); P=0.003) and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance values (8.1 vs 6.1; P=0.007) in the LG-SF group. MeDIP analyses revealed that 2148 DMRs (LG-SF vs LG-SC; P<0.0001, model-based analysis of tilling-arrays algorithm). A large proportion of the DMR-associated genes have reported functions that are altered in obesity and metabolic syndrome, such as Cartpt, Akt2, Apoe, Insr1 and so on. Overrepresented pathways and gene networks were related to metabolic regulation and inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show a major role for epigenomic regulation of pathways associated with the metabolic processes and inflammatory responses in VWAT. LG-SF-induced epigenetic alterations may underlie increases in the susceptibility to obesity and metabolic syndrome in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cortese
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Khalyfa
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R Bao
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Andrade
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Chu A, Gozal D, Cortese R, Wang Y. Cardiovascular dysfunction in adult mice following postnatal intermittent hypoxia. Pediatr Res 2015; 77:425-33. [PMID: 25518007 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2014.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ex-premature infants are at higher risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease as adults, although the mechanisms underlying such increased risks are unknown. We hypothesize that postnatal exposure to intermittent hypoxia (IH) leads to cardiovascular dysfunction in adulthood with alterations of the renin-angiotensin pathway. METHODS Neonatal mice were exposed to IH for 4 wk. At the age of 3 mo, various cardiovascular measurements were obtained. RESULTS IH-exposed mice exhibited higher systolic blood pressure, impaired baroreflex responses, and decreased heart rate variability. Furthermore, IH-exposed mice manifested evidence of endothelial dysfunction, as shown by reduced reperfusion indices after tail vessel occlusion and impaired vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine. CD31(+) endothelial cells isolated from mesenteric arteries of IH-exposed mice expressed higher levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme and reactive oxygen species; plasma angiotensin-II levels were also significantly higher in these animals. In addition, DNA methylation patterns of the Ace1 and the Agt genes in these cells were congruent with their expression patterns. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that exposures to postnatal IH alter the normal development of the renin-angiotensin system and promote the occurrence of cardiovascular dysfunction during adulthood in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rene Cortese
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Testini M, Gurrado A, Bellantone R, Brazzarola P, Cortese R, De Toma G, Fabiola Franco I, Lissidini G, Pio Lombardi C, Minerva F, Di Meo G, Pasculli A, Piccinni G, Rosato L. Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and substernal goiter. An Italian multicenter study. J Visc Surg 2014; 151:183-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Tortelli R, Copetti M, Ruggieri M, Cortese R, Capozzo R, Leo A, D'Errico E, Mastrapasqua M, Zoccolella S, Pellegrini F, Simone IL, Logroscino G. Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain levels: marker of progression to generalized amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2014; 22:215-8. [PMID: 24750431 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To evaluate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light chain (NFL) levels could predict the time to generalization (TTG) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid NFL levels of 37 cases of sporadic ALS were measured and the time of symptom spreading from spinal or bulbar localization to both (TTG) was evaluated in all patients. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a short TTG in patients with high NFL levels (log-rank test chi-squared = 19.4, P < 0.0001). In a multivariate regression model patients with NFL levels above the median had an eight-fold higher risk of generalization (adjusted hazard ratio 7.9, 95% confidence interval 2.9-21.4, P < 0.0001) compared with those with NFL levels below the median. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that in sporadic ALS NFL, a marker of neurodegeneration, is correlated with TTG, a clinical intermediate parameter of survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tortelli
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Bari, c/o Pia Fondazione Card. G. Panico, Tricase (Lecce), Italy
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Tortelli R, Ruggieri M, Cortese R, D'Errico E, Capozzo R, Leo A, Mastrapasqua M, Zoccolella S, Leante R, Livrea P, Logroscino G, Simone IL. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light levels in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a possible marker of disease severity and progression. Eur J Neurol 2012; 19:1561-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03777.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Tortelli
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - M. Ruggieri
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - R. Cortese
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - E. D'Errico
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - R. Capozzo
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - A. Leo
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - M. Mastrapasqua
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - S. Zoccolella
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - R. Leante
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - P. Livrea
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - G. Logroscino
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - I. L. Simone
- Department of Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Policlinico Bari Italy
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Cortese R, Kwan A, Lalonde E, Bryzgunova O, Bondar A, Wu Y, Gordevicius J, Park M, Oh G, Kaminsky Z, Tverkuviene J, Laurinavicius A, Jankevicius F, Sendorek DHS, Haider S, Wang SC, Jarmalaite S, Laktionov P, Boutros PC, Petronis A. Epigenetic markers of prostate cancer in plasma circulating DNA. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:3619-31. [PMID: 22619380 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic differences are a common feature of many diseases, including cancer, and disease-associated changes have even been detected in bodily fluids. DNA modification studies in circulating DNA (cirDNA) may lead to the development of specific non-invasive biomarkers. To test this hypothesis, we investigated cirDNA modifications in prostate cancer patients with locally confined disease (n = 19), in patients with benign prostate hyperplasias (n = 20) and in men without any known prostate disease (n = 20). This initial discovery screen identified 39 disease-associated changes in cirDNA modification, and seven of these were validated using the sodium bisulfite-based mapping of modified cytosines in both the discovery cohort and an independent 38-patient validation cohort. In particular, we showed that the DNA modification of regions adjacent to the gene encoding ring finger protein 219 distinguished prostate cancer from benign hyperplasias with good sensitivity (61%) and specificity (71%). We also showed that repetitive sequences detected in this study were meaningful, as they indicated a highly statistically significant loss of DNA at the pericentromeric region of chromosome 10 in prostate cancer patients (p = 1.8 × 10(-6)). Based on these strong univariate results, we applied machine-learning techniques to develop a multi-locus biomarker that correctly distinguished prostate cancer samples from unaffected controls with 72% accuracy. Lastly, we used systems biology techniques to integrate our data with publicly available DNA modification and transcriptomic data from primary prostate tumors, thereby prioritizing genes for further studies. These data suggest that cirDNA epigenomics are promising source for non-invasive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- The Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1R8
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Simone I, Mezzapesa D, D'Errico E, Dicuonzo F, Zoccolella S, Tortelli R, Cortese R, Federico F, Logroscino G, Livrea P. Cortical Thinning in Frontal Lobes Is Relate with Faster Progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (P03.161). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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33
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Barulli MR, Tursi M, Tortelli R, Capozzo R, Cortese R, D'Errico E, Leo A, Simone I, Logroscino G. Verbal Learning Abilities in ALS Patients (P01.109). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p01.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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34
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Megna M, Cortese R, Dellomonaco A, Bellomo RG, Salonna I, Cristella G, Ranieri M. Pharmacological aspects and neurological speech therapy: target of dysphony, dysarthria and dysphagia. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2012; 25:29S-33S. [PMID: 22652159 DOI: 10.1177/03946320120250s105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The word dysphagy was suggested by Nicolatopoulos (1907) and derives from the ancient Greek "duz", which means "difficulty" and "katapinein", which means "to swallow". Generally, the dysphagia is defined on the basis of its origin: oral, pharynx and oesophagus, otherwise by its mechanical or neurological aetiology. The symptoms are dependent on the nature of the lesions in the affected organs. The swallow is a complex motor sequence dependent on the coordinate contraction of the muscle of mouth, of larynx and of the oesophagus. The mechanical action of the swallow helps the liquid or solid food progression from mouth to stomach thanks to cooperation of 31 muscles and 5 cranial nerves and allows swallowing about 580 times approximately. The dysphagy in neurological diseases is mainly due to the following reasons. Increase of vascular cerebral disease, increase of population age and increase of road and work traumas. The difficulties in swallowing causes heavy social problems like meager diet, social isolation and worsening of quality of life. The speech rehabilitation requires the involvement of care givers through a re-educational program that takes place in two periods: the first of relaxation, and the second of restoration of phonodeglutition praxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Megna
- Neuroscience and Sense Organs Department, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
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Cortese R, Lewin J, Bäckdahl L, Krispin M, Wasserkort R, Eckhardt F, Beck S. Genome-wide screen for differential DNA methylation associated with neural cell differentiation in mouse. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26002. [PMID: 22028803 PMCID: PMC3196508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular differentiation involves widespread epigenetic reprogramming, including modulation of DNA methylation patterns. Using Differential Methylation Hybridization (DMH) in combination with a custom DMH array containing 51,243 features covering more than 16,000 murine genes, we carried out a genome-wide screen for cell- and tissue-specific differentially methylated regions (tDMRs) in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs), in in-vitro induced neural stem cells (NSCs) and 8 differentiated embryonic and adult tissues. Unsupervised clustering of the generated data showed distinct cell- and tissue-specific DNA methylation profiles, revealing 202 significant tDMRs (p<0.005) between ESCs and NSCs and a further 380 tDMRs (p<0.05) between NSCs/ESCs and embryonic brain tissue. We validated these tDMRs using direct bisulfite sequencing (DBS) and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation on chip (MeDIP-chip). Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the genes associated with these tDMRs showed significant (absolute Z score>1.96) enrichment for genes involved in neural differentiation, including, for example, Jag1 and Tcf4. Our results provide robust evidence for the relevance of DNA methylation in early neural development and identify novel marker candidates for neural cell differentiation.
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Tolg C, Sabha N, Cortese R, Panchal T, Ahsan A, Soliman A, Aitken KJ, Petronis A, Bägli DJ. Uropathogenic E. coli infection provokes epigenetic downregulation of CDKN2A (p16INK4A) in uroepithelial cells. J Transl Med 2011; 91:825-36. [PMID: 21242958 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2010.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Host cell and bacterial factors determine severity and duration of infections. To allow for bacteria pathogenicity and persistence, bacteria have developed mechanisms that modify expression of host genes involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, differentiation and the immune response. Recently, Helicobacter pylori infection of the stomach has been correlated with epigenetic changes in the host genome. To identify epigenetic changes during Escherichia coli induced urinary tract infection (UTI), we developed an in vitro model of persistent infection of human uroepithelial cells with uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), resulting in intracellular bacteria colonies. Cells inoculated with FimH-negative E. coli (N-UPEC) that are not internalized and non-inoculated cells were used as controls. UPEC infection significantly induced de novo methyltransferase (DNMT) activity (12.5-fold P=0.002 UPEC vs non-inoculated and 250-fold P=0.001 UPEC vs N-UPEC inoculated cells) and Dnmt1 RNA expression (6-fold P=0.04 UPEC vs non-inoculated cells) compared with controls. DNMT1 protein levels were significantly increased in three uroepithelial cell lines (5637, J82, HT-1197) in response to UPEC infection as demonstrated by confocal analysis. Real-time PCR analysis of candidate genes previously associated with bacteria infection and/or innate immunity, revealed UPEC-induced downregulation of the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A (3.3-fold P=0.007 UPEC vs non-inoculated and 3.3-fold P=0.001 UPEC vs N-UPEC) and the DNA repair gene MGMT (9-fold P=0.03 UPEC vs non-inoculated). Expression of CDH1, MLH1, DAPK1 and TLR4 was not affected. Pyrosequencing of CDKN2A and MGMT CpG islands revealed increased methylation in CDKN2A exon 1 (3.8-fold P=0.04 UPEC vs N-UPEC and UPEC vs non-inoculated). Methylation of MGMT was not affected. UPEC-induced methylation of CDKN2A exon 1 may increase bladder cancer and presage UTI risk, and be useful as a biological marker for UTI susceptibility or recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Tolg
- Division of Urology, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Research Institute, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Tolg C, Kapila A, Cortese R, Aitken K, Petronis A, Bagli D. 1369 UROPATHOGENIC E. COLI INFECTION PROVOKES EPIGENETIC DOWNREGULATION OF CDKN2A (P16INK4A) IN UROEPITHELIAL CELLS. J Urol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bäckdahl L, Herberth M, Wilson G, Tate P, Campos LS, Cortese R, Eckhardt F, Beck S. Gene body methylation of the dimethylarginine dimethylamino-hydrolase 2 (Ddah2) gene is an epigenetic biomarker for neural stem cell differentiation. Epigenetics 2009; 4:248-54. [PMID: 19535899 DOI: 10.4161/epi.9093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mark that is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes such as gene expression, genomic imprinting and silencing of repetitive elements. Because of their ability to cause and capture phenotypic plasticity, epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation represent potential biomarkers to distinguish between different types of tissues and stages of differentiation. Here, we have identified differential DNA methylation in the gene body of the nitric oxide inhibitor Ddah2 that discriminates embryonic stem cells from neural stem cells and is positively correlated with differential gene expression.
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Armata N, Baldissin G, Barone G, Cortese R, D’Anna V, Ferrante F, Giuffrida S, Li Manni G, Prestianni A, Rubino T, Varga Z, Duca D. Molecular-Level Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalytic Systems by Algorithmic Time Dependent Monte Carlo. Top Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-008-9178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Armata N, Baldissin G, Barone G, Cortese R, D’Anna V, Ferrante F, Giuffrida S, Li Manni G, Prestianni A, Rubino T, Duca D. Structural and Kinetic DFT Characterization of Materials to Rationalize Catalytic Performance. Top Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-008-9176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Amabile G, D'Alise AM, Iovino M, Jones P, Santaguida S, Musacchio A, Taylor S, Cortese R. The Aurora B kinase activity is required for the maintenance of the differentiated state of murine myoblasts. Cell Death Differ 2008; 16:321-30. [PMID: 18974773 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2008.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversine is a synthetic molecule capable of inducing dedifferentiation of C2C12, a murine myoblast cell line, into multipotent progenitor cells, which can be redirected to differentiate in nonmuscle cell types under appropriate conditions. Reversine is also a potent inhibitor of Aurora B, a protein kinase required for mitotic chromosome segregation, spindle checkpoint function, cytokinesis and histone H3 phosphorylation, raising the possibility that the dedifferentiation capability of reversine is mediated through the inhibition of Aurora B. Indeed, here we show that several other well-characterized Aurora B inhibitors are capable of dedifferentiating C2C12 myoblasts. Significantly, expressing drug-resistant Aurora B mutants, which are insensitive to reversine block the dedifferentiation process, indicating that Aurora B kinase activity is required to maintain the differentiated state. We show that the inhibition of the spindle checkpoint or cytokinesis per se is not sufficient for dedifferentiation. Rather, our data support a model whereby changes in histone H3 phosphorylation result in chromatin remodeling, which in turn restores the multipotent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Amabile
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
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Poli V, Oliviero S, Morrone G, Cortese R. Characterization of an IL-6-responsive element (IL6RE) present on liver-specific genes and identification of the cognate IL-6-dependent DNA-binding protein (IL6DBP). Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 557:297-309. [PMID: 2544131 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb24022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Poli
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany
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Cortese R, Krispin M, Weiss G, Berlin K, Eckhardt F. DNA methylation profiling of pseudogene-parental gene pairs and two gene families. Genomics 2008; 91:492-502. [PMID: 18450418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2008.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A substantial proportion of human genes contain tissue-specifically DNA-methylated regions (TDMRs). However, little is known about the evolutionary conservation of differentially methylated loci, how they evolve, and the signals that regulate them. We have studied TDMR conservation in the PLG and TBX gene families and in 32 pseudogene-parental gene pairs. Among the members of the recently evolved PLG gene family, 5'-UTR methylation is conserved and inversely correlated with the cognate gene expression, indicating as well a conserved regulatory role of DNA methylation. Conversely, many genes of the much older TBX family display complementary tissue-specific methylation, suggesting an epigenetic complementation in the evolution of this gene family. Similar to gene families, unprocessed pseudogenes arose from gene duplications and we found TDMR conservation in some pseudogene-parental gene pairs displaying short evolutionary distances. However, for the majority of unprocessed pseudogenes and for all processed pseudogenes examined, we found that tissue-specific methylation arose de novo after gene duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
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van der Gun BT, Wasserkort R, Monami A, Jeltsch A, Raskó T, Ślaska-Kiss K, Cortese R, Rots MG, de Leij LF, Ruiters MH, Kiss A, Weinhold E, McLaughlin PM. Persistent downregulation of the pancarcinoma-associated epithelial cell adhesion moleculeviaactive intranuclear methylation. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:484-489. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Cortese R, Hartmann O, Berlin K, Eckhardt F. Correlative gene expression and DNA methylation profiling in lung development nominate new biomarkers in lung cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 40:1494-508. [PMID: 18203646 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Revised: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Although transcriptional control is key for proper lung development, little is known about the possible accompanying epigenetic modifications. Here, we have used gene expression profiling to identify 99 genes that are upregulated in fetal lung and 354 genes that are upregulated in adult lung. From the differentially expressed genes, we analyzed the accompanying 5'-UTR methylation profiles of 43 genes. Out of these, nine genes (COL11A1, MEOX2, SERPINE2, SOX9, FBN2, MDK, COL1A1, LAPTM5 and MARCO) displayed an inverse correlation of their 5'-UTR methylation and the cognate gene expression, suggesting that these genes are at least partially regulated by DNA methylation. Using the differential gene expression/DNA methylation profiles as a guidepost, we identified four genes (MEOX2, MDK, LAPTM5, FGFR3) aberrantly methylated in lung cancer. MEOX2 was uniformly higher methylated in all lung cancer samples (n=15), while the methylation of the other three genes was correlated with either the differentiation state of the tumor (MDK, LAPTM5) or the tumor type itself (FGFR3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany.
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Cortese R, Eckhardt F, Volleth M, Wehnert M, Koelsch U, Wieacker P, Brune T. The retinol acid receptor B gene is hypermethylated in patients with familial partial lipodystrophy. J Mol Endocrinol 2007; 38:663-71. [PMID: 17556535 DOI: 10.1677/jme-07-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the LMNA gene cause various phenotypes including partial lipodystrophy, muscular dystrophies, and progeroid syndromes. The specific mutation position within the LMNA sequence can partially predict the phenotype, but the underlying mechanisms for the development of these different phenotypes are still unclear. To investigate whether different DNA methylation patterns contribute to the development of different phenotypes caused by LMNA mutations, we analyzed a panel of ten candidate genes related to fat metabolism, aging, and a tendency to different methylation patterns: CSPG2, ESR1, IGF1R, IGFR2, LMNA, MLH1, RANBP1, RARB, ZMPSTE24, and TGFBR1. We studied two independent families each comprising three individuals affected by familial partial lipodistrophy type 2 (FPLD2). Affected members in each family carried two different mutations of the LMNA gene (R482L and R471G respectively). In addition, we analyzed four progeria patients (2xLMNA/C G608G, 1xLMNA/C S143F, and 1xZMPSTE24 IVS9-Ex10) and seven healthy adults. The gene encoding retinoic acid receptor B (RARB) showed a higher methylation in all six patients with FPLD2 when compared with the progeria patients with other LMNA mutations as well as the healthy controls (P<0.05). All other investigated genes showed no difference in the methylation patterns between the groups. A drug-induced inhibition of the retinol pathway is discussed as the key pathway for developing HAART-associated lipodystrophy and our data support a possible role of the retinol pathway in the development of lipodystrophy phenotypes.
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Eckhardt F, Lewin J, Cortese R, Rakyan VK, Attwood J, Burger M, Burton J, Cox TV, Davies R, Down TA, Haefliger C, Horton R, Howe K, Jackson DK, Kunde J, Koenig C, Liddle J, Niblett D, Otto T, Pettett R, Seemann S, Thompson C, West T, Rogers J, Olek A, Berlin K, Beck S. DNA methylation profiling of human chromosomes 6, 20 and 22. Nat Genet 2006; 38:1378-85. [PMID: 17072317 PMCID: PMC3082778 DOI: 10.1038/ng1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 933] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2006] [Accepted: 09/18/2006] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is the most stable type of epigenetic modification modulating the transcriptional plasticity of mammalian genomes. Using bisulfite DNA sequencing, we report high-resolution methylation profiles of human chromosomes 6, 20 and 22, providing a resource of about 1.9 million CpG methylation values derived from 12 different tissues. Analysis of six annotation categories showed that evolutionarily conserved regions are the predominant sites for differential DNA methylation and that a core region surrounding the transcriptional start site is an informative surrogate for promoter methylation. We find that 17% of the 873 analyzed genes are differentially methylated in their 5' UTRs and that about one-third of the differentially methylated 5' UTRs are inversely correlated with transcription. Despite the fact that our study controlled for factors reported to affect DNA methylation such as sex and age, we did not find any significant attributable effects. Our data suggest DNA methylation to be ontogenetically more stable than previously thought.
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MESH Headings
- 5' Untranslated Regions
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Animals
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/metabolism
- CpG Islands
- DNA Methylation
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Evolution, Molecular
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Middle Aged
- Organ Specificity
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Sex Characteristics
- Species Specificity
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Eckhardt
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joern Lewin
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rene Cortese
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vardhman K. Rakyan
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - John Attwood
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Burger
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - John Burton
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Tony V. Cox
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Davies
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A. Down
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roger Horton
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Howe
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - David K. Jackson
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christoph Koenig
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer Liddle
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - David Niblett
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Otto
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roger Pettett
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Stefanie Seemann
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tony West
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Rogers
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Olek
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kurt Berlin
- Epigenomics AG, Kleine Präsidentstrasse 1, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Beck
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
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Folgori A, Spada E, Pezzanera M, Ruggeri L, Mele A, Garbuglia AR, Perrone MP, Del Porto P, Piccolella E, Cortese R, Nicosia A, Vitelli A. Early impairment of hepatitis C virus specific T cell proliferation during acute infection leads to failure of viral clearance. Gut 2006; 55:1012-9. [PMID: 16484505 PMCID: PMC1856340 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.080077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cellular mediated immunity (CMI) is thought to play a key role in resolution of primary hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses are also generated during acute infection in individuals who become chronic, suggesting that they developed a defective CMI. The aim of this study was to verify if and when such immune dysfunction is established by measuring the breadth, magnitude, function, and duration of CMI in a large cohort of subjects during the natural course of acute HCV infection. METHODS CMI was comprehensively studied by prospective sampling of 31 HCV acutely infected subjects enrolled at the onset of infection and followed for a median period of one year. RESULTS Our results indicated that while at the onset of acute HCV infection a measurable CMI with effector function was detected in the majority of subjects, after approximately six months less than 10% of chronically infected individuals displayed significant CMI compared with 70% of subjects who cleared the virus. We showed that progressive disappearance of HCV specific T cells from the peripheral blood of chronic patients was due to an impaired ability to proliferate that could be rescued in vitro by concomitant exposure to interleukin 2 and the antigen. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence of strong and multispecific T cell responses with a sustained ability to proliferate in response to antigen stimulation as reliable pharmacodynamic measures of a protective CMI during acute infection, and suggest that early impairment of proliferation may contribute to loss of T cell response and chronic HCV persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Folgori
- Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare P Angeletti, Via Pontina km 30.600, 00040, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
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Fattori E, Zampaglione I, Arcuri M, Meola A, Ercole BB, Cirillo A, Folgori A, Bett A, Cappelletti M, Sporeno E, Cortese R, Nicosia A, Colloca S. Efficient immunization of rhesus macaques with an HCV candidate vaccine by heterologous priming-boosting with novel adenoviral vectors based on different serotypes. Gene Ther 2006; 13:1088-96. [PMID: 16554842 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Efficient vaccination against viral agents requires a strong T-cell-mediated immune response to clear viral-infected cells. Optimal vaccination can be achieved by administration of recombinant viral vectors encoding phatogen antigens. Adenoviral vectors have attracted considerable attention as potential viral vectors for genetic vaccination owing to their favorable safety profile and potent transduction efficiency following intramuscular injection. However, the neutralizing antibody response against adenoviral capsid proteins following adenoviral vectors injection limits the success of vaccination protocols based on multiple administrations of the same adenoviral serotype. In this work, we describe efficient immunization of rhesus macaques, the preferred model for preclinical assessment, with an HCV candidate vaccine by heterologous priming-boosting with adenoviral vectors based on different serotypes. The induced responses are broad and show significant cross-strain reactivity. Boosting can be delayed for over 2 years after priming, indicating that there is long-term maintenance of resting memory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fattori
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biololgy, Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare P Angeletti, Pomezia, Rome, Italy.
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Zampaglione I, Simon A, Capone S, Finnefrock A, Casimiro D, Kath G, Tang A, Folgori A, La Monica N, Shiver J, Nicosia A, Ciliberto G, Cortese R, Fattori E. Genetic vaccination by gene electro-transfer in non-human primates. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(06)50013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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