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Mohammadi S, Al-Harrasi A. Macrophage modulation with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: A new frontier for treating diabetic cardiomyopathy? World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1847-1852. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i9.1847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This editorial introduces the potential of targeting macrophage function for diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) treatment by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Zhang et al studied teneligliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor used for diabetes management, and its potential cardioprotective effects in a diabetic mouse model. They suggested teneligliptin administration may reverse established markers of DCM, including cardiac hypertrophy and compromised function. It also inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome and reduced inflammatory cytokine production in diabetic mice. Macrophages play crucial roles in DCM pathogenesis. Chronic hyperglycemia disturbs the balance between pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages, favoring a pro-inflammatory state contributing to heart damage. Here, we highlight the potential of DPP-4 inhibitors to modulate macrophage function and promote an anti-inflammatory environment. These compounds may achieve this by elevating glucagon-like peptide-1 levels and potentially inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Further studies on teneligliptin in combination with other therapies targeting different aspects of DCM could be suggested for developing more effective treatment strategies to improve cardiovascular health in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammadi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
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2
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Liu X, Cheng LT, Ye QR, Gao HC, Zhu JW, Zhao K, Liu HM, Wang YJ, Alinejad T, Zhang XH, Chen GZ. Cyy-272, an indazole derivative, effectively mitigates obese cardiomyopathy as a JNK inhibitor. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117172. [PMID: 39128188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has shown a global epidemic trend. The high-lipid state caused by obesity can maintain the heart in a prolonged low-grade inflammatory state and cause ventricular remodeling, leading to a series of pathologies, such as hypertrophy, fibrosis, and apoptosis, which eventually develop into obese cardiomyopathy. Therefore, prolonged low-grade inflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of obese cardiomyopathy, making inflammation regulation an essential strategy for treating this disease. Cyy-272, an indazole derivative, is an anti-inflammatory compound independently synthesized by our laboratory. Our previous studies revealed that Cyy-272 can exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the phosphorylation and activation of C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), thereby alleviating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). The current study aimed to evaluate the potential of Cyy-272 to mitigate the occurrence and progression of obese cardiomyopathy through the inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway. Our results indicate that the compound Cyy-272 has encouraging therapeutic effects on obesity-induced cardiac injury. It significantly inhibits inflammation in cardiomyocytes and heart tissues induced by high lipid concentrations, further alleviating the resulting hypertrophy, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Mechanistically, the protective effect of Cyy-272 on obese cardiomyopathy can be attributed to its direct inhibition of JNK protein phosphorylation. In conclusion, we identified a novel compound, Cyy-272, capable of alleviating obese cardiomyopathy and confirmed that its effect is achieved through direct inhibition of JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Lin-Ting Cheng
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Qian-Ru Ye
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Gao
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jin-Wei Zhu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yun-Jie Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Tahereh Alinejad
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Gao-Zhi Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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3
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Mouton AJ, Aitken NM, Morato JG, O'Quinn KR, do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, Omoto ACM, Li X, Wang Z, Schrimpe-Rutledge AC, Codreanu SG, Sherrod SD, McLean JA, Stanford JK, Brown JA, Hall JE. Glutamine metabolism improves left ventricular function but not macrophage-mediated inflammation following myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 327:C571-C586. [PMID: 38981605 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00272.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Glutamine is a critical amino acid that serves as an energy source, building block, and signaling molecule for the heart tissue and the immune system. However, the role of glutamine metabolism in regulating cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown. In this study, we show in adult male mice that glutamine metabolism is altered both in the remote (contractile) area and in infiltrating macrophages in the infarct area after permanent left anterior descending artery occlusion. We found that metabolites related to glutamine metabolism were differentially altered in macrophages at days 1, 3, and 7 after MI using untargeted metabolomics. Glutamine metabolism in live cells was increased after MI relative to no MI controls. Gene expression in the remote area of the heart indicated a loss of glutamine metabolism. Glutamine administration improved left ventricle (LV) function at days 1, 3, and 7 after MI, which was associated with improved contractile and metabolic gene expression. Conversely, administration of BPTES, a pharmacological inhibitor of glutaminase-1, worsened LV function after MI. Neither glutamine nor BPTES administration impacted gene expression or bioenergetics of macrophages isolated from the infarct area. Our results indicate that glutamine metabolism plays a critical role in maintaining LV contractile function following MI and that glutamine administration improves LV function. Glutamine metabolism may also play a role in regulating macrophage function, but macrophages are not responsive to exogenous pharmacological manipulation of glutamine metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Glutamine metabolism is altered in both infarct macrophages and the remote left ventricle (LV) following myocardial infarction (MI). Supplemental glutamine improves LV function following MI while inhibiting glutamine metabolism with BPTES worsens LV function. Supplemental glutamine or BPTES does not impact macrophage immunometabolic phenotypes after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Mouton
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Nikaela M Aitken
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Jemylle G Morato
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Katherine R O'Quinn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Jussara M do Carmo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Alexandre A da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Ana C M Omoto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Alexandra C Schrimpe-Rutledge
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Simona G Codreanu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Stacy D Sherrod
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - John A McLean
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Joshua K Stanford
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Jordan A Brown
- Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - John E Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
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Wong A, Sun Q, Latif II, Karwi QG. Macrophage energy metabolism in cardiometabolic disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05099-6. [PMID: 39198360 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
In a rapidly expanding body of literature, the major role of energy metabolism in determining the response and polarization status of macrophages has been examined, and it is currently a very active area of research. The metabolic flux through different metabolic pathways in the macrophage is interconnected and complex and could influence the polarization of macrophages. Earlier studies suggested glucose flux through cytosolic glycolysis is a prerequisite to trigger the pro-inflammatory phenotypes of macrophages while proposing that fatty acid oxidation is essential to support anti-inflammatory responses by macrophages. However, recent studies have shown that this understanding is oversimplified and that the metabolic control of macrophage polarization is highly complex and not fully defined yet. In this review, we systematically reviewed and summarized the literature regarding the role of energy metabolism in controlling macrophage activity and how that might be altered in cardiometabolic diseases, namely heart failure, obesity, and diabetes. We critically appraised the experimental studies and methodologies in the published studies. We also highlighted the challenging concepts in macrophage metabolism and identified several research questions yet to be addressed in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Wong
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qiuyu Sun
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ismail I Latif
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Baqubaa, Diyala, Iraq
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada.
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Li H, Wang DW, Chen C. Insights into the post-translational modifications in heart failure. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102467. [PMID: 39187021 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF), as the terminal manifestation of multiple cardiovascular diseases, causes a huge socioeconomic burden worldwide. Despite the advances in drugs and medical-assisted devices, the prognosis of HF remains poor. HF is well-accepted as a myriad of subcellular dys-synchrony related to detrimental structural and functional remodelling of cardiac components, including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and macrophages. Through the covalent chemical process, post-translational modifications (PTMs) can coordinate protein functions, such as re-localizing cellular proteins, marking proteins for degradation, inducing interactions with other proteins and tuning enzyme activities, to participate in the progress of HF. Phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination predominate in the currently reported PTMs. In addition, advanced HF is commonly accompanied by metabolic remodelling including enhanced glycolysis. Thus, glycosylation induced by disturbed energy supply is also important. In this review, firstly, we addressed the main types of HF. Then, considering that PTMs are associated with subcellular locations, we summarized the leading regulation mechanisms in organelles of distinctive cell types of different types of HF, respectively. Subsequently, we outlined the aforementioned four PTMs of key proteins and signaling sites in HF. Finally, we discussed the perspectives of PTMs for potential therapeutic targets in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
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6
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Mackay CDA, Meechem MB, Patel VB. Macrophages in vascular disease: Roles of mitochondria and metabolic mechanisms. Vascul Pharmacol 2024:107419. [PMID: 39181483 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages are a dynamic cell type of the immune system implicated in the pathophysiology of vascular diseases and are a major contributor to pathological inflammation. Excessive macrophage accumulation, activation, and polarization is observed in aortic aneurysm (AA), atherosclerosis, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. In general, macrophages become activated and polarized to a pro-inflammatory phenotype, which dramatically changes cell behavior to become pro-inflammatory and infiltrative. These cell types become cumbersome and fail to be cleared by normal mechanisms such as autophagy. The result is a hyper-inflammatory environment causing the recruitment of adjacent cells and circulating immune cells to further augment the inflammatory response. In AA, this leads to excessive ECM degradation and chemokine secretion, ultimately causing macrophages to dominate the immune cell landscape in the aortic wall. In atherosclerosis, monocytes are recruited to the vascular wall, where they polarize to the pro-inflammatory phenotype and induce inflammatory pathway activation. This leads to the development of foam cells, which significantly contribute to neointima and necrotic core formation in atherosclerotic plaques. Pro-inflammatory macrophages, which affect other vascular diseases, present with fragmented mitochondria and corresponding metabolic dysfunction. Targeting macrophage mitochondrial dynamics has proved to be an exciting potential therapeutic approach to combat vascular disease. This review will summarize mitochondrial and metabolic mechanisms of macrophage activation, polarization, and accumulation in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron D A Mackay
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Megan B Meechem
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vaibhav B Patel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Liu B, Zeng H, Su H, Williams QA, Besanson J, Chen Y, Chen JX. Endothelial Cell-Specific Prolyl Hydroxylase-2 Deficiency Augments Angiotensin II-Induced Arterial Stiffness and Cardiac Pericyte Recruitment in Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e035769. [PMID: 39056332 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.035769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD2) is essential for pulmonary remodeling and hypertension. In the present study, we investigated the role of endothelial PHD2 in angiotensin II-mediated arterial stiffness, pericyte recruitment, and cardiac fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 tracing reporter chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4- red fluorescent protein (DsRed) transgenic mice were crossed with PHD2flox/flox (PHD2f/f) mice and endothelial-specific knockout of PHD2 (PHD2ECKO) mice. Transgenic PHD2f/f (TgPHD2f/f) mice and TgPHD2ECKO mice were infused with angiotensin II for 4 weeks. Arterial thickness, stiffness, and histological and immunofluorescence of pericytes and fibrosis were measured. Infusion of TgPHD2f/f mice with angiotensin II resulted in a time-dependent increase in pulse-wave velocity. Angiotensin II-induced pulse-wave velocity was further elevated in the TgPHD2ECKO mice. TgPHD2ECKO also reduced coronary flow reserve compared with TgPHD2f/f mice infused with angiotensin II. Mechanistically, knockout of endothelial PHD2 promoted aortic arginase activity and angiotensin II-induced aortic thickness together with increased transforming growth factor-β1 and ICAM-1/VCAM-1 expression in coronary arteries. TgPHD2f/f mice infused with angiotensin II for 4 weeks exhibited a significant increase in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy, which was further developed in the TgPHD2ECKO mice. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 pericyte was traced by DsRed+ staining and angiotensin II infusion displayed a significant increase of DsRed+ pericytes in the heart, as well as a deficiency of endothelial PHD2, which further promoted angiotensin II-induced pericyte increase. DsRed+ pericytes were costained with fibroblast-specific protein 1 and α-smooth muscle actin for measuring pericyte-myofibroblast cell transition. The knockout of endothelial PHD2 increased the amount of DsRed+/fibroblast-specific protein 1+ and DsRed+/α-smooth muscle actin+ cells induced by angiotensin II infusion. CONCLUSIONS Knockout of endothelial PHD2 enhanced angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by mechanisms involving increasing arterial stiffness and pericyte-myofibroblast cell transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine Jackson MS
| | - Heng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine Jackson MS
| | - Han Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine Jackson MS
| | - Quinesha A Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine Jackson MS
| | - Jessie Besanson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine Jackson MS
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine Jackson MS
| | - Jian-Xiong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine Jackson MS
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8
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Zhang L, Han H, Xu A, Sathe A, Fu S, Zhao J, Cai W, Yang Y, Liu J, Bai H, Ben J, Zhu X, Li X, Yang Q, Wang Z, Gu Y, Xing C, Schiattarella GG, Cheng SY, Zhang H, Chen Q. Lysozyme 1 Inflamed CCR2 + Macrophages Promote Obesity-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction. Circ Res 2024; 135:596-613. [PMID: 39056179 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are key players in obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases, which are marked by inflammatory and immune alterations. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying macrophage's role in obesity-induced cardiac inflammation are incompletely understood. Our study aimed to identify the key macrophage population involved in obesity-induced cardiac dysfunction and investigate the molecular mechanism that contributes to the inflammatory response. METHODS In this study, we used single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of Cd45+CD11b+F4/80+ cardiac macrophages to explore the heterogeneity of cardiac macrophages. The CCR2+ (C-C chemokine receptor 2) macrophages were specifically removed by a dual recombinase approach, and the macrophage CCR2 was deleted to investigate their functions. We also performed cleavage under target and tagmentation analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction, luciferase assay, and macrophage-specific lentivirus transfection to define the impact of lysozyme C in macrophages on obesity-induced inflammation. RESULTS We find that the Ccr2 cluster undergoes a functional transition from homeostatic maintenance to proinflammation. Our data highlight specific changes in macrophage behavior during cardiac dysfunction under metabolic challenge. Consistently, inducible ablation of CCR2+CX3CR1+ macrophages or selective deletion of macrophage CCR2 prevents obesity-induced cardiac dysfunction. At the mechanistic level, we demonstrate that the obesity-induced functional shift of CCR2-expressing macrophages is mediated by the CCR2/activating transcription factor 3/lysozyme 1/NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) signaling. Finally, we uncover a noncanonical role for lysozyme 1 as a transcription activator, binding to the RelA promoter, driving NF-κB signaling, and strongly promoting inflammation and cardiac dysfunction in obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that lysozyme 1 may represent a potential target for the diagnosis of obesity-induced inflammation and the treatment of obesity-induced heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Z.)
| | - Huian Han
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Andi Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, China (A.X.)
| | - Adwait Sathe
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development (A.S., C.X.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Siying Fu
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhan Cai
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaqing Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinting Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Ben
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zidun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China (Z.W.)
| | - Yayun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Y.G.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Xing
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development (A.S., C.X.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
- Department of Bioinformatics (C.X.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
- Department of Population and Data Sciences (C.X.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Gabriele G Schiattarella
- Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (G.G.S.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany (G.G.S.)
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (G.G.S.)
| | - Steven Yan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.Z., H.H., S.F., J.Z., W.C., Y.Y., J.L., H.B., J.B., X.Z., X.L., Q.Y., S.Y.C., H.Z., Q.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Wang J, Wu Q, Wang X, Liu H, Chen M, Xu L, Zhang Z, Li K, Li W, Zhong J. Targeting Macrophage Phenotypes and Metabolism as Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Atherosclerosis and Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024:10.1007/s11883-024-01229-z. [PMID: 39133247 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01229-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Macrophage accumulation and activation function as hallmarks of atherosclerosis and have complex and intricate dynamics throughout all components and stages of atherosclerotic plaques. In this review, we focus on the regulatory roles and underlying mechanisms of macrophage phenotypes and metabolism in atherosclerosis. We highlight the diverse range of macrophage phenotypes present in atherosclerosis and their potential roles in progression and regression of atherosclerotic plaque. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in developing therapeutic strategies for preventing and treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS Dysregulation of macrophage polarization between the proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypealters the immuno-inflammatory response during atherosclerosis progression, leading to plaque initiation, growth, and ultimately rupture. Altered metabolism of macrophage is a key feature for their function and the subsequent progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The immunometabolism of macrophage has been implicated to macrophage activation and metabolic rewiring of macrophages within atherosclerotic lesions, thereby shifting altered macrophage immune-effector and tissue-reparative function. Targeting macrophage phenotypes and metabolism are potential therapeutic strategies in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the precise function and metabolism of specific macrophage subsets and their contributions to the composition and growth of atherosclerotic plaques could reveal novel strategies to delay or halt development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and their associated pathophysiological consequences. Identifying biological stimuli capable of modulating macrophage phenotypes and metabolism may lead to the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for treating patients with atherosclerosis and coronary artery diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiang Wu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Journal of Geriatric Cardiology Editorial Office, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mulei Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kuibao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiuchang Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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10
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Xu L, Li W, Chen Y, Liu S, Liu G, Luo W, Cao G, Wang S. Metformin Regulates Cardiac Ferroptosis to Reduce Metabolic Syndrome-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-05038-7. [PMID: 39106027 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) is closely associated with cardiac dysfunction. Recent research studies have indicated a potential association between MetS and ferroptosis. Furthermore, metformin can alleviate MetS-induced cardiac ferroptosis. Metformin is a classic biguanide anti-diabetic drug that has protective effects on cardiovascular diseases, which extend beyond its indirect glycemic control. This study aimed to assess whether MetS mediates cardiac ferroptosis, thereby causing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The results revealed that metformin can mitigate cardiac reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage, thereby preserving cardiac function. Mechanistic analysis revealed that metformin upregulates the expression of cardiac Nrf2. Moreover, Nrf2 downregulation compromises the cardio-protective effects of metformin. In summary, this study indicated that MetS promotes cardiac ferroptosis, and metformin plays a preventive and therapeutic role, partially through modulation of Nrf2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liancheng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, No.120 Suzhi Street, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, 223800, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, No.120 Suzhi Street, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, No.120 Suzhi Street, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, No.120 Suzhi Street, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weihuan Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, No.120 Suzhi Street, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guanyi Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, No.120 Suzhi Street, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, No.120 Suzhi Street, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu Province, China.
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11
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Smith HL, Goodlett BL, Navaneethabalakrishnan S, Mitchell BM. Elevated Salt or Angiotensin II Levels Induce CD38+ Innate Immune Cells in the Presence of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor. Cells 2024; 13:1302. [PMID: 39120331 PMCID: PMC11311366 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) impacts almost half of adults, predisposing them to cardiovascular disease and renal damage. Salt-sensitive HTN (SSHTN) and angiotensin II (A2)-induced HTN (A2HTN) both involve immune system activation and renal innate immune cell infiltration. Subpopulations of activated [Cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38)] innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), play distinct roles in modulating renal function and blood pressure. It is unknown how these cells become CD38+ or which subtypes are pro-hypertensive. When bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMDMs) were grown in granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and treated with salt or A2, CD38+ macrophages and CD38+ DCs increased. The adoptive transfer of GM-CSF-primed BMDMs into mice with either SSHTN or A2HTN increased renal CD38+ macrophages and CD38+ DCs. Flow cytometry revealed increased renal M1 macrophages and type-2 conventional DCs (cDC2s), along with their CD38+ counterparts, in mice with either SSHTN or A2HTN. These results were replicable in vitro. Either salt or A2 treatment of GM-CSF-primed BMDMs significantly increased bone marrow-derived (BMD)-M1 macrophages, CD38+ BMD-M1 macrophages, BMD-cDC2s, and CD38+ BMD-cDC2s. Overall, these data suggest that GM-CSF is necessary for the salt or A2 induction of CD38+ innate immune cells, and that CD38 distinguishes pro-hypertensive immune cells. Further investigation of CD38+ M1 macrophages and CD38+ cDC2s could provide new therapeutic targets for both SSHTN and A2HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brett M. Mitchell
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (H.L.S.)
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12
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Nie Q, Cao H, Yang J, Liu T, Wang B. Integration RNA bulk and single cell RNA sequencing to explore the change of glycolysis-related immune microenvironment and construct prognostic signature in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102021. [PMID: 38850799 PMCID: PMC11220558 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolysis is an indispensable process for tumor cell,but the effect of glycolysis on the prognosis and immune cell infiltration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is not clear. METHODS Based on RNA bulk and single cell RNA sequencing data of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) and GSE195832, the effect of glycolysis level on immune cell infiltration was analyzed. Then, we obtained the prognostic genes related to glycolysis through survival analysis to construct prognostic risk signature. Our sample and GSE65858 datasets are used as external verification datasets to verify the validity of the signature. Finally, we used Western blot and cell function assays to determine the relationship between risk genes and glycolysis and the function of prognostic genes. RESULT The level of glycolysis was related to the prognosis of head and neck tumors (P = 0.0044). The results of immune infiltration analysis of TCGA database showed that high level glycolysis subgroup had less infiltration of macrophages, T cells and monocytes. Results of single cell sequencing analysis validates the above results. Additionally, Five risk genes(MUCL1,TRIML2,RAB3B,SPINK6,IGSF11) were selected to construct signature.Risk score was an independent prognostic factor(P < 0.01). The external validation set also shows the same result. In vitro functional and Western blot assays confirmed that the above five genes affect tumor function and related to the process of glycolysis. CONCLUSION Glycolysis-related risk signatures can be used to predict the prognosis and immune infiltration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Nie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Jianwang Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050000, China.
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13
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Lai JH, Wu DW, Huang CY, Hung LF, Wu CH, Ho LJ. USP18 induction regulates immunometabolism to attenuate M1 signal-polarized macrophages and enhance IL-4-polarized macrophages in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2024; 265:110285. [PMID: 38880201 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Effective treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains an unmet need. Different subsets of macrophages play differential roles in SLE and the modulation of macrophage polarization away from M1 status is beneficial for SLE therapeutics. Given the pathogenic roles of type I interferons (IFN-I) in SLE, this study investigated the effects and mechanisms of a mitochondria localization molecule ubiquitin specific peptidase 18 (USP18) preserving anti-IFN effects and isopeptidase activity on macrophage polarization. After observing USP18 induction in monocytes from SLE patients, we studied mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and showed that USP18 deficiency increased M1signal (LPS + IFN-γ treatment)-induced macrophage polarization, and the effects involved the induction of glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration and the expression of several glycolysis-associated enzymes and molecules, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Moreover, the effects on mitochondrial activities, such as mitochondrial DNA release and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production were observed. In contrast, the overexpression of USP18 inhibited M1signal-mediated and enhanced interleukin-4 (IL-4)-mediated polarization of macrophages and the related cellular events. Moreover, the levels of USP18 mRNA expression showed tendency of correlation with the expression of metabolic enzymes in monocytes from patients with SLE. We thus concluded that by preserving anti-IFN effect and downregulating M1 signaling, promoting USP18 activity may serve as a useful approach for SLE therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenn-Haung Lai
- Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Clinical Research, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - De-Wei Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chuan-Yueh Huang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Feng Hung
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Hsiang Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ling-Jun Ho
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
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14
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Zhao Y, Tan M, Yin Y, Zhang J, Song Y, Li H, Yan L, Jin Y, Wu Z, Yang T, Jiang T, Li H. Comprehensive macro and micro views on immune cells in ischemic heart disease. Cell Prolif 2024:e13725. [PMID: 39087342 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition that remains the primary cause of death due to its adverse ventricular remodelling and pathological changes in end-stage heart failure. As a complex pathologic condition, it involves intricate regulatory processes at the cellular and molecular levels. The immune system and cardiovascular system are closely interconnected, with immune cells playing a crucial role in maintaining cardiac health and influencing disease progression. Consequently, alterations in the cardiac microenvironment are influenced and controlled by various immune cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, and T-lymphocytes, along with the cytokines they produce. Furthermore, studies have revealed that Gata6+ pericardial cavity macrophages play a key role in regulating immune cell migration and subsequent myocardial tissue repair post IHD onset. This review outlines the role of immune cells in orchestrating inflammatory responses and facilitating myocardial repair following IHD, considering both macro and micro views. It also discusses innovative immune cell-based therapeutic strategies, offering new insights for further research on the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease and immune cell-targeted therapy for IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yunfei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiyi Song
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifeng Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyue Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianke Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Yan L, Wang J, Cai X, Liou Y, Shen H, Hao J, Huang C, Luo G, He W. Macrophage plasticity: signaling pathways, tissue repair, and regeneration. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e658. [PMID: 39092292 PMCID: PMC11292402 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are versatile immune cells with remarkable plasticity, enabling them to adapt to diverse tissue microenvironments and perform various functions. Traditionally categorized into classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) phenotypes, recent advances have revealed a spectrum of macrophage activation states that extend beyond this dichotomy. The complex interplay of signaling pathways, transcriptional regulators, and epigenetic modifications orchestrates macrophage polarization, allowing them to respond to various stimuli dynamically. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the signaling cascades governing macrophage plasticity, focusing on the roles of Toll-like receptors, signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins, nuclear receptors, and microRNAs. We also discuss the emerging concepts of macrophage metabolic reprogramming and trained immunity, contributing to their functional adaptability. Macrophage plasticity plays a pivotal role in tissue repair and regeneration, with macrophages coordinating inflammation, angiogenesis, and matrix remodeling to restore tissue homeostasis. By harnessing the potential of macrophage plasticity, novel therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage polarization could be developed for various diseases, including chronic wounds, fibrotic disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning macrophage plasticity will pave the way for innovative regenerative medicine and tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Yan
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
| | - Xin Cai
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
| | - Yih‐Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Han‐Ming Shen
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauChina
| | - Jianlei Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University)Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongChina
- The Biomedical Translational Research InstituteFaculty of Medical ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Hospitaland West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic MedicineSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
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16
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Liu Y, Liang Y, Zhao X, Ma S, Sun G, Li Y. Individual and interaction effects of monounsaturated fatty acids on their associations with hypertension in Chinese residents. Food Funct 2024; 15:7907-7919. [PMID: 38973334 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01410c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Currently, associations between dietary intakes of individual monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and hypertension were not well disclosed, and the interaction effects of MUFAs on their associations with hypertension were unknown. Obesity was correlated with both MUFAs and hypertension, while if anthropometric obesity indices performed mediating roles in associations between MUFAs and hypertension remained underdetermined. In our study, 8509 Chinese adults investigated from 2004 to 2011 were included. Dietary information collection and physical examinations were performed at baseline and each timepoint of follow-up. As we found, inverse associations of MUFA17, MUFA18 and MUFA20 with hypertension were statistically significant after adjustments, hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.87, 0.90 and 0.91, respectively. MUFA15 was positively associated with hypertension, with an HR of 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.12). By performing principal component analysis (PCA) to estimate the joint effects of MUFAs on hypertension, the PCA score of MUFAs was only inversely associated with blood pressure. No joint effect was observed in g-computation analyses. Both linear and nonlinear interactions of MUFAs on their associations with hypertension were estimated using restricted cubic spline analysis. The association between MUFA15 and hypertension was interacted by MUFA17, and the association between MUFA20 and hypertension was interacted by MUFA18. The mediation effects of body mass index and waist circumference were found on associations of hypertension with MUFA15, MUFA17 and MUFA20. Our findings suggested that associations with hypertension were different among individual MUFAs, and mutual interactions existed, implying that the utility of individual MUFAs might be recommended for estimating relationships between MUFAs and diseases. Moreover, fat accumulation might potentially underlie associations between MUFAs and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanhong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shuxian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guifan Sun
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yongfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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17
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Ge Z, Chen Y, Ma L, Hu F, Xie L. Macrophage polarization and its impact on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1444964. [PMID: 39131154 PMCID: PMC11310026 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lung disease that worsens over time, causing fibrosis in the lungs and ultimately resulting in respiratory failure and a high risk of death. Macrophages play a crucial role in the immune system, showing flexibility by transforming into either pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages when exposed to different stimuli, ultimately impacting the development of IPF. Recent research has indicated that the polarization of macrophages is crucial in the onset and progression of IPF. M1 macrophages secrete inflammatory cytokines and agents causing early lung damage and fibrosis, while M2 macrophages support tissue healing and fibrosis by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines. Developing novel treatments for IPF relies on a thorough comprehension of the processes involved in macrophage polarization in IPF. The review outlines the regulation of macrophage polarization and its impact on the development of IPF, with the goal of investigating the possible therapeutic benefits of macrophage polarization in the advancement of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouling Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People’s Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leikai Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fangjun Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People’s Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Lubin Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People’s Hospital), Wenzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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18
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Dong W, Luo M, Li Y, Chen X, Li L, Chang Q. MICT ameliorates hypertensive nephropathy by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and down-regulating NLRC4 inflammasome. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306137. [PMID: 39052650 PMCID: PMC11271930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertensive nephropathy (HN) is one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), leading to serious morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. However, existing treatment for hypertensive nephropathy are still very limited. It has been demonstrated that aerobic exercise has beneficial effects on the treatment of hypertension. However, the underlying mechanisms of exercise in HN remain unclear. METHODS The spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were trained for 8 weeks on a treadmill with different exercise prescriptions. We detected the effects of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) on inflammatory response, renal function, and renal fibrosis in SHR. We further investigated the relationship between TLR4 and the NLRC4 inflammasome in vitro HN model. RESULTS MICT improved renal fibrosis and renal injury, attenuating the inflammatory response by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the activation of NLRC4 inflammasome. However, these changes were not observed in the HIIT group. Additionally, repression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway by TAK-242 inhibited activation of NLRC4 inflammasome and alleviated the fibrosis in Ang II-induced HK-2 cells. CONCLUSION MICT ameliorated renal damage, inflammatory response, and renal fibrosis via repressing TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the activation of NLRC4 inflammasome. This study might provide new references for exercise prescriptions of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Dong
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yun Li
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lingang Li
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qing Chang
- The College of Exercise Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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19
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Belin MAF, Vieira TA, Grandini NA, Siqueira JS, Palacio TLN, Cruzeiro J, Sormani LE, Tanganini MD, Barbosa GS, Gregolin CS, de Campos DHS, Bazan SGZ, Minatel IO, Lima GPP, Correa CR. Cardiac biogenic amine profile and its relationship with parameters of cardiovascular disease in obesity. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 156:107412. [PMID: 39033868 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To identify the cardiac biogenic amine profile of obese rats and associate these compounds with parameters of cardiovascular disease. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats (n = 20) were randomly distributed into two groups: control and obese. Obesity was induced by a high-sugar fat diet. Biochemical parameters were evaluated. Doppler Echocardiography and systolic blood pressure; interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), protein carbonylation, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and catalase activity were measured in cardiac tissue. HPLC evaluated the cardiac biogenic profile. Data were compared using the Student's T or Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman's correlation at 5% significance. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. KEY FINDINGS Obesity generated hypertension, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, and imbalanced all biochemical, inflammatory, and oxidative markers (p < 0.001). Eight biogenic amines were found in cardiac tissue. Obesity increased serotonin and decreased agmatine, putrescine, cadaverine, and spermidine. Serotonin (r = 0.534 to 0.808) was strong and positively correlated with obesity, biochemical parameters, cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, hypertension, cardiac remodeling, and dysfunction (p < 0.001). Spermidine (r = -0.560 to -0.680), putrescine (r = -0.532 to -0.805), cadaverine (r = -0.534 to -0.860), and agmatine (r = -0.579 to -0.884) were inversely correlated with the same parameters (p < 0.001). PCA allowed for distinguishing the control and obese groups. SIGNIFICANCE There are strong correlations between cardiac biogenic amine levels, cardiac remodeling, and dysfunction resulting from obesity. CONCLUSION There is an association between cardiac biogenic amines and cardiovascular disease in obesity. In addition, agmatine, putrescine, cadaverine, and, mainly, serotonin may be new biomarkers for cardiovascular health in obesity and help to improve the diagnosis and treatment of CVD resulting or not from obesity. However, more research is needed to support this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taynara Aparecida Vieira
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Núbia Alves Grandini
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Juliana Silva Siqueira
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | | | - Jordanna Cruzeiro
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Sormani
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Murilo Dalarme Tanganini
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Souza Barbosa
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Cristina Schmitt Gregolin
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | | | | | - Igor Otávio Minatel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Camila Renata Correa
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil.
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20
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Liao FJ, Shen SL, Bao HL, Li H, Zhao QW, Chen L, Gong CW, Xiong CZ, Liu WP, Li W, Liu DN. Identification and experimental validation of KMO as a critical immune-associated mitochondrial gene in unstable atherosclerotic plaque. J Transl Med 2024; 22:668. [PMID: 39026250 PMCID: PMC11256392 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heightened risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events is associated with the increased instability of atherosclerotic plaques. However, the lack of effective diagnostic biomarkers has impeded the assessment of plaque instability currently. This study was aimed to investigate and identify hub genes associated with unstable plaques through the integration of various bioinformatics tools, providing novel insights into the detection and treatment of this condition. METHODS Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) combined with two machine learning methods were used to identify hub genes strongly associated with plaque instability. The cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) method was utilized to assess immune cell infiltration patterns in atherosclerosis patients. Additionally, Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) was conducted to investigate the potential biological functions, pathways, and mechanisms of hub genes associated with unstable plaques. To further validate the diagnostic efficiency and expression of the hub genes, immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed on collected human carotid plaque and blood samples. Immunofluorescence co-staining was also utilized to confirm the association between hub genes and immune cells, as well as their colocalization with mitochondria. RESULTS The CIBERSORT analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the infiltration of CD8 T cells and an obvious increase in the infiltration of M0 macrophages in patients with atherosclerosis. Subsequently, two highly relevant modules (blue and green) strongly associated with atherosclerotic plaque instability were identified. Through intersection with mitochondria-related genes, 50 crucial genes were identified. Further analysis employing least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms revealed six hub genes significantly associated with plaque instability. Among them, NT5DC3, ACADL, SLC25A4, ALDH1B1, and MAOB exhibited positive correlations with CD8 T cells and negative correlations with M0 macrophages, while kynurenine 3-monooxygenas (KMO) demonstrated a positive correlation with M0 macrophages and a negative correlation with CD8 T cells. IHC and RT-qPCR analyses of human carotid plaque samples, as well as ELISA analyses of blood samples, revealed significant upregulation of KMO and MAOB expression, along with decreased ALDH1B1 expression, in both stable and unstable samples compared to the control samples. However, among the three key genes mentioned above, only KMO showed a significant increase in expression in unstable plaque samples compared to stable plaque samples. Furthermore, the expression patterns of KMO in human carotid unstable plaque tissues and cultured mouse macrophage cell lines were assessed using immunofluorescence co-staining techniques. Finally, lentivirus-mediated KMO silencing was successfully transduced into the aortas of high-fat-fed ApoE-/- mice, with results indicating that KMO silencing attenuated plaque formation and promoted plaque stability in ApoE-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that KMO, a mitochondria-targeted gene associated with macrophage cells, holds promise as a valuable diagnostic biomarker for assessing the instability of atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Jun Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Remodeling Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Shao-Liang Shen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Hai-Long Bao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Remodeling Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Quan-Wei Zhao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Long Chen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Cai-Wei Gong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Cheng-Zhu Xiong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Wu-Peng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Remodeling Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Remodeling Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
| | - Da-Nan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
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21
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Zhu Z, Wang M, Lu S, Dai S, Liu J. Role of macrophage polarization in heart failure and traditional Chinese medicine treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1434654. [PMID: 39104386 PMCID: PMC11298811 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1434654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) has a severe impact on public health development due to high morbidity and mortality and is associated with imbalances in cardiac immunoregulation. Macrophages, a major cell population involved in cardiac immune response and inflammation, are highly heterogeneous and polarized into M1 and M2 types depending on the microenvironment. M1 macrophage releases inflammatory factors and chemokines to activate the immune response and remove harmful substances, while M2 macrophage releases anti-inflammatory factors to inhibit the overactive immune response and promote tissue repair. M1 and M2 restrict each other to maintain cardiac homeostasis. The dynamic balance of M1 and M2 is closely related to the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) yin-yang theory, and the imbalance of yin and yang will result in a pathological state of the organism. Studies have confirmed that TCM produces positive effects on HF by regulating macrophage polarization. This review describes the critical role of macrophage polarization in inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and electrophysiology in the course of HF, as well as the potential mechanism of TCM regulation of macrophage polarization in preventing and treating HF, thereby providing new ideas for clinical treatment and scientific research design of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqin Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Min Wang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shenghua Lu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Sisi Dai
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhe Liu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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22
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Yang M, Xu X, Zhao XA, Ge YN, Qin J, Wang XY, Dai HL, Jia J, Tao SM. Comprehensive Analysis of Immune Cell Infiltration and M2-Like Macrophage Biomarker Expression Patterns in Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:3147-3169. [PMID: 39049829 PMCID: PMC11268662 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s462895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages play a crucial role in the progression of AF, closely linked to atrial inflammation and myocardial fibrosis. However, the functions and molecular mechanisms of different phenotypic macrophages in AF are not well understood. This study aims to analyze the infiltration characteristics of atrial immune cells in AF patients and further explore the role and molecular expression patterns of M2 macrophage-related genes in AF. Methods This study integrates single-cell and large-scale sequencing data to analyze immune cell infiltration and molecular characterization of the LAA in patients with AF, using SR as a control group. CIBERSORT assesses immune cell types in LAA tissues; WGCNA identifies signature genes; cell clustering analyzes cell types and subpopulations; cell communication explores macrophage interactions; hdWGCNA identifies M2 macrophage gene modules in AF. AF biomarkers are identified using LASSO and Random Forest, validated with ROC curves and RT-qPCR. Potential molecular mechanisms are inferred through TF-miRNA-mRNA networks and single-gene enrichment analyses. Results Myeloid cell subsets varied considerably between the AF and SR groups, with a significant increase in M2 macrophages in the AF group. Signals of inflammation and matrix remodeling were observed in AF. M2 macrophage-related genes IGF1, PDK4, RAB13, and TMEM176B were identified as AF biomarkers, with RAB13 and TMEM176B being novel markers. A TF-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed using target genes, which are enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Conclusion Over infiltration of M2 macrophages may be an important factor in the progression of AF. The M2 macrophage-related genes IGF1, RAB13, TMEM176B and PDK4 may regulate the progression of AF through the PPAR signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Dali University, Dali City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Dali, Dali City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xu
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-an Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Dali University, Dali City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun-na Ge
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Dali University, Dali City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-ya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Dali University, Dali City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-lei Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-ming Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
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Jin T, Jia J, Li W, Wu P, Liu T, Luo B, Zhang Z. Doramectin attenuates inflammation, obesity and insulin resistance in food-borne obese mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 732:150404. [PMID: 39033553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The avermectin derivative doramectin is widely used clinically as an antiparasitic drug and, in addition, doramectin may have a modulatory role in obesity. Adipose tissue macrophage recruitment and polarization play an important role in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of doramectin on high-fat diet-induced inflammation and macrophage polarization in white adipose tissue of epididymis of obese mice. We found that compared with high-fat diet-fed obese mice, doramectin treatment resulted in a significant decrease in body weight and lipid levels, improved insulin resistance, an increase in the proportion of M2-type macrophages and a decrease in the proportion of M1-type macrophages in the epididymal white adipose tissues, as well as a decrease in the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the adipose tissues. Thus, doramectin can ameliorate high-fat diet-induced obesity and adipose inflammation by affecting macrophage polarization in white adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrong Jin
- Medical College of Chongqing University, 131 Yubei Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Jialin Jia
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Main Street, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Bangwei Luo
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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24
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Lee H, Amatya B, Villar VAM, Asico LD, Jeong JK, Feranil J, Moore SC, Zheng X, Bishop M, Gomes JP, Polzin J, Smeriglio N, de Castro PASV, Armando I, Felder RA, Hao L, Jose PA. Renal autocrine neuropeptide FF (NPFF) signaling regulates blood pressure. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15407. [PMID: 38965251 PMCID: PMC11224344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The kidney and brain play critical roles in the regulation of blood pressure. Neuropeptide FF (NPFF), originally isolated from the bovine brain, has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, the roles of NPFF and its receptors, NPFF-R1 and NPFF-R2, in the regulation of blood pressure, via the kidney, are not known. In this study, we found that the transcripts and proteins of NPFF and its receptors, NPFF-R1 and NPFF-R2, were expressed in mouse and human renal proximal tubules (RPTs). In mouse RPT cells (RPTCs), NPFF, but not RF-amide-related peptide-2 (RFRP-2), decreased the forskolin-stimulated cAMP production in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, dopamine D1-like receptors colocalized and co-immunoprecipitated with NPFF-R1 and NPFF-R2 in human RPTCs. The increase in cAMP production in human RPTCs caused by fenoldopam, a D1-like receptor agonist, was attenuated by NPFF, indicating an antagonistic interaction between NPFF and D1-like receptors. The renal subcapsular infusion of NPFF in C57BL/6 mice decreased renal sodium excretion and increased blood pressure. The NPFF-mediated increase in blood pressure was prevented by RF-9, an antagonist of NPFF receptors. Taken together, our findings suggest that autocrine NPFF and its receptors in the kidney regulate blood pressure, but the mechanisms remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewang Lee
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Bibhas Amatya
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Van Anthony M Villar
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Laureano D Asico
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jin Kwon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Jun Feranil
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Shaun C Moore
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Xiaoxu Zheng
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Michael Bishop
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Jerald P Gomes
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jacob Polzin
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Noah Smeriglio
- Department of Chemistry, Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Pedro A S Vaz de Castro
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Ines Armando
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Robin A Felder
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA, 22908.5, USA
| | - Ling Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
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25
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Cai W, Lian L, Li A, Zhang Q, Li M, Zhang J, Xie Y. Cardiac resident macrophages: The core of cardiac immune homeostasis. Cell Signal 2024; 119:111169. [PMID: 38599440 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are essential in maintaining the balance of the immune homeostasis in the heart. One of the main factors in the progression of cardiovascular diseases, such as myocarditis, myocardial infarction(MI), and heart failure(HF), is the imbalance in the regulatory mechanisms of CRMs. Recent studies have reported novel heterogeneity and spatiotemporal complexity of CRMs, and their role in maintaining cardiac immune homeostasis and treating cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we focus on the functions of CRMs, including immune surveillance, immune phagocytosis, and immune metabolism, and explore the impact of CRM's homeostasis imbalance on cardiac injury and cardiac repair. We also discuss the therapeutic approaches linked to CRMs. The immunomodulatory strategies targeting CRMs may be a therapeutic approach for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Cai
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Lu Lian
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Aolin Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China.
| | - YingYu Xie
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
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26
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Mao Z, Zheng P, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhang F, Liu H, Li H, Zhou L, Liu W. Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and vascular lesions: An update on what we currently know. Sleep Med 2024; 119:296-311. [PMID: 38723575 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is the most prevalent sleep and respiratory disorder. This syndrome can induce severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, and intermittent hypoxia is a pivotal contributor to this damage. Vascular pathology is closely associated with the impairment of target organs, marking a focal point in current research. Vascular lesions are the fundamental pathophysiological basis of multiorgan ailments and indicate a shared pathogenic mechanism among common cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions, suggesting their importance as a public health concern. Increasing evidence shows a strong correlation between OSAHS and vascular lesions. Previous studies predominantly focused on the pathophysiological alterations in OSAHS itself, such as intermittent hypoxia and fragmented sleep, leading to vascular disruptions. This review aims to delve deeper into the vascular lesions affected by OSAHS by examining the microscopic pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Emphasis has been placed on examining how OSAHS induces vascular lesions through disruptions in the endothelial barrier, metabolic dysregulation, cellular phenotype alterations, neuroendocrine irregularities, programmed cell death, vascular inflammation, oxidative stress and epigenetic modifications. This review examines the epidemiology and associated risk factors for OSAHS and vascular diseases and subsequently describes the existing evidence on vascular lesions induced by OSAHS in the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, retinal, renal and reproductive systems. A detailed account of the current research on the pathophysiological mechanisms mediating vascular lesions caused by OSAHS is provided, culminating in a discussion of research advancements in therapeutic modalities to mitigate OSAHS-related vascular lesions and the implications of these treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengdou Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengqin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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27
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Mao S, Qian G, Xiao K, Xu H, Zhou H, Guo X. Study on the relationship between body mass index and blood pressure indices in children aged 7-17 during COVID-19. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1409214. [PMID: 38962763 PMCID: PMC11220196 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1409214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, SBP; diastolic blood pressure, DBP) in children during COVID-19, providing reference for the prevention and screening of hypertension in children. Methods This study adopted a large-scale cross-sectional design to investigate the association between BMI and blood pressure in 7-17-year-old students in City N, China, during COVID-19. Thirty-six primary and secondary schools in City N were sampled using a stratified cluster sampling method. A total of 11,433 students aged 7-17 years in City N, China, were selected for blood pressure (Diastolic blood pressure, DBP, Systolic blood pressure, SBP), height, and weight, Resting heart rate (RHR), chest circumference, measurements, and the study was written using the STROBE checklist. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, calculating the mean and standard deviation of BMI and blood pressure for male and female students in different age groups. Regression analysis was employed to explore the impact of BMI, age, and sex on SBP and DBP, and predictive models were established. The model fit was evaluated using the model R2. Results The study included 11,287 primary and secondary school students, comprising 5,649 boys and 5,638 girls. It was found that with increasing age, BMI and blood pressure of boys and girls generally increased. There were significant differences in blood pressure levels between boys and girls in different age groups. In regression models, LC, Age, BMI, and chest circumference show significant positive linear relationships with SBP and DBP in adolescents, while RHR exhibits a negative linear relationship with SBP. These factors were individually incorporated into a stratified regression model, significantly enhancing the model's explanatory power. After including factors such as Age, Gender, and BMI, the adjusted R2 value showed a significant improvement, with Age and BMI identified as key predictive factors for SBP and DBP. The robustness and predictive accuracy of the model were further examined through K-fold cross-validation and independent sample validation methods. The validation results indicate that the model has a high accuracy and explanatory power in predicting blood pressure in children of different weight levels, especially among obese children, where the prediction accuracy is highest. Conclusion During COVID-19, age, sex, and BMI significantly influence blood pressure in children aged 7-17 years, and predictive models for SBP and DBP were established. This model helps predict blood pressure in children and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Confirmation of factors such as sex, age, and BMI provide a basis for personalized health plans for children, especially during large-scale infectious diseases, providing guidance for addressing health challenges and promoting the health and well-being of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuJie Mao
- Graduate Development, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - GuoPing Qian
- Faculty of Sports Medicine, Gdansk University of Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - KaiWen Xiao
- Discipline Development Office, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Sports and Health, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Zhou
- Teaching Evaluation Center, Nanjing Police University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - XiuJin Guo
- Discipline Development Office, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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28
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Zhang S, Zhang Y, Duan X, Wang B, Zhan Z. Targeting NPM1 Epigenetically Promotes Postinfarction Cardiac Repair by Reprogramming Reparative Macrophage Metabolism. Circulation 2024; 149:1982-2001. [PMID: 38390737 PMCID: PMC11175795 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reparative macrophages play a crucial role in limiting excessive fibrosis and promoting cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI), highlighting the significance of enhancing their reparative phenotype for wound healing. Metabolic adaptation orchestrates the phenotypic transition of macrophages; however, the precise mechanisms governing metabolic reprogramming of cardiac reparative macrophages remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of NPM1 (nucleophosmin 1) in the metabolic and phenotypic shift of cardiac macrophages in the context of MI and explored the therapeutic effect of targeting NPM1 for ischemic tissue repair. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from healthy individuals and patients with MI to explore NPM1 expression and its correlation with prognostic indicators. Through RNA sequencing, metabolite profiling, histology, and phenotype analyses, we investigated the role of NPM1 in postinfarct cardiac repair using macrophage-specific NPM1 knockout mice. Epigenetic experiments were conducted to study the mechanisms underlying metabolic reprogramming and phenotype transition of NPM1-deficient cardiac macrophages. The therapeutic efficacy of antisense oligonucleotide and inhibitor targeting NPM1 was then assessed in wild-type mice with MI. RESULTS NPM1 expression was upregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with MI that closely correlated with adverse prognostic indicators of MI. Macrophage-specific NPM1 deletion reduced infarct size, promoted angiogenesis, and suppressed tissue fibrosis, in turn improving cardiac function and protecting against adverse cardiac remodeling after MI. Furthermore, NPM1 deficiency boosted the reparative function of cardiac macrophages by shifting macrophage metabolism from the inflammatory glycolytic system to oxygen-driven mitochondrial energy production. The oligomeric NPM1 recruited histone demethylase KDM5b to the promoter of Tsc1 (TSC complex subunit 1), the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) complex inhibitor, reduced histone H3K4me3 modification, and inhibited TSC1 expression, which then facilitated mTOR-related inflammatory glycolysis and antagonized the reparative function of cardiac macrophages. The in vivo administration of antisense oligonucleotide targeting NPM1 or oligomerization inhibitor NSC348884 substantially ameliorated tissue injury and enhanced cardiac recovery in mice after MI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings uncover the key role of epigenetic factor NPM1 in impeding postinfarction cardiac repair by remodeling metabolism pattern and impairing the reparative function of cardiac macrophages. NPM1 may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and a valuable therapeutic target for heart failure after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (S.Z., X.D., Z.Z.)
| | - Yunkai Zhang
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Xuewen Duan
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (S.Z., X.D., Z.Z.)
| | - Bo Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Z.Z., B.W.)
| | - Zhenzhen Zhan
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Z.Z., B.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (S.Z., X.D., Z.Z.)
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Wei J, Peng MY, Lu HX. Functional transformation of macrophage mitochondria in cardiovascular diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05049-2. [PMID: 38884847 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are pivotal in the modulation of macrophage activation, differentiation, and survival. Furthermore, macrophages are instrumental in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Hence, it is imperative to investigate the role of mitochondria within macrophages in the context of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we provide an updated description of the origin and classification of cardiac macrophages and also focused on the relationship between macrophages and mitochondria in cardiovascular diseases with respect to (1) proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory macrophages, (2) macrophage apoptosis, (3) macrophage pyroptosis, and (4) macrophage efferocytosis. Clarifying the relationship between mitochondria and macrophages can aid the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Ming-Yu Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
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Lei XT, Pu DL, Shan G, Wu QN. Atorvastatin ameliorated myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating macrophage polarization in diabetic cardiomyopathy. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1070-1073. [PMID: 38983803 PMCID: PMC11229961 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we commented on the article published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by myocardial fibrosis, ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in diabetic patients, which can cause heart failure and threaten the life of patients. The pathogenesis of DCM has not been fully clarified, and it may involve oxidative stress, inflammatory stimulation, apoptosis, and autophagy. There is lack of effective therapies for DCM in the clinical practice. Statins have been widely used in the clinical practice for years mainly to reduce cholesterol and stabilize arterial plaques, and exhibit definite cardiovascular protective effects. Studies have shown that statins also have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. We were particularly concerned about the recent findings that atorvastatin alleviated myocardial fibrosis in db/db mice by regulating the antioxidant stress and anti-inflammatory effects of macrophage polarization on diabetic myocardium, and thereby improving DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tian Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Dan-Lan Pu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Yubei District People's Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Geng Shan
- Department of Endocrinology, Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing 402360, China
| | - Qi-Nan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing 402360, China
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31
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Heinzel S, Jureczek J, Kainulainen V, Nieminen AI, Suenkel U, von Thaler AK, Kaleta C, Eschweiler GW, Brockmann K, Aho VTE, Auvinen P, Maetzler W, Berg D, Scheperjans F. Elevated fecal calprotectin is associated with gut microbial dysbiosis, altered serum markers and clinical outcomes in older individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13513. [PMID: 38866914 PMCID: PMC11169261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63893-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fecal calprotectin is an established marker of gut inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Elevated levels of fecal calprotectin as well as gut microbial dysbiosis have also been observed in other clinical conditions. However, systemic and multi-omics alterations linked to elevated fecal calprotectin in older individuals remain unclear. This study comprehensively investigated the relationship between fecal calprotectin levels, gut microbiome composition, serum inflammation and targeted metabolomics markers, and relevant lifestyle and medical data in a large sample of older individuals (n = 735; mean age ± SD: 68.7 ± 6.3) from the TREND cohort study. Low (0-50 μg/g; n = 602), moderate (> 50-100 μg/g; n = 64) and high (> 100 μg/g; n = 62) fecal calprotectin groups were stratified. Several pro-inflammatory gut microbial genera were significantly increased and short-chain fatty acid producing genera were decreased in high vs. low calprotectin groups. In serum, IL-17C, CCL19 and the toxic metabolite indoxyl sulfate were increased in high vs. low fecal calprotectin groups. These changes were partially mediated by the gut microbiota. Moreover, the high fecal calprotectin group showed increased BMI and a higher disease prevalence of heart attack and obesity. Our findings contribute to the understanding of fecal calprotectin as a marker of gut dysbiosis and its broader systemic and clinical implications in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Heinzel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany.
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Jenna Jureczek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Veera Kainulainen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (Neurology), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni I Nieminen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulrike Suenkel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, German Center of Mental Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Kaleta
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Gerhard W Eschweiler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, German Center of Mental Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Geriatric Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Velma T E Aho
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (Neurology), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Auvinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Filip Scheperjans
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (Neurology), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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32
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Chianelli M, Busetto L, Vettor R, Annibale B, Paoletta A, Papini E, Albanese A, Carabotti M, Casarotto D, De Pergola G, Disoteo OE, Grandone I, Medea G, Nisoli E, Raffaelli M, Schiff S, Vignati F, Cinquini M, Gonzalez-Lorenzo M, Fittipaldo VA, Minozzi S, Monteforte M, Tralongo AC, Novizio R, Persichetti A, Samperi I, Scoppola A, Borretta G, Carruba M, Carbonelli MG, De Luca M, Frontoni S, Corradini SG, Muratori F, Attanasio R. Italian guidelines for the management of adult individuals with overweight and obesity and metabolic comorbidities that are resistant to behavioral treatment. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1361-1371. [PMID: 38630213 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM This guideline (GL) is aimed at providing a clinical practice reference for the management of adult patients with overweight or obesity associated with metabolic complications who are resistant to lifestyle modification. METHODS Surgeons, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, psychologists, pharmacologists, a general practitioner, a nutritionist, a nurse and a patients' representative acted as multi-disciplinary panel. This GL has been developed following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed by a methodologic group. For each question, the panel identified potentially relevant outcomes, which were then rated for their impact on therapeutic choices. Only outcomes classified as "critical" and "important" were considered in the systematic review of evidence. Those classified as "critical" were considered for clinical practice recommendations. Consensus on the direction (for or against) and strength (strong or conditional) of recommendations was reached through a majority vote. RESULTS The present GL provides recommendations about the role of both pharmacological and surgical treatment for the clinical management of the adult patient population with BMI > 27 kg/m2 and < 40 kg/m2 associated with weight-related metabolic comorbidities, resistant to lifestyle changes. The panel: suggests the timely implementation of therapeutic interventions in addition to diet and physical activity; recommends the use of semaglutide 2.4 mg/week and suggests liraglutide 3 mg/day in patients with obesity or overweight also affected by diabetes or pre-diabetes; recommends semaglutide 2.4 mg/week in patients with obesity or overweight also affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; recommends semaglutide 2.4 mg/week as first-line drug in patients with obesity or overweight that require a larger weight loss to reduce comorbidities; suggests the use of orlistat in patients with obesity or overweight also affected by hypertriglyceridemia that assume high-calorie and high-fat diet; suggests the use of naltrexone/bupropion combination in patients with obesity or overweight, with emotional eating; recommends surgical intervention (sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or metabolic gastric bypass/gastric bypass with single anastomosis/gastric mini bypass in patients with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 who are suitable for metabolic surgery; and suggests gastric banding as a possible, though less effective, surgical alternative. CONCLUSION The present GL is directed to all physicians addressing people with obesity-working in hospitals, territorial services or private practice-and to general practitioners and patients. The recommendations should also consider the patient's preferences and the available resources and expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chianelli
- Endocrinology, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, RM, Italy
| | - L Busetto
- Department of Medicine, Center for Medical and Surgical Therapy of Obesity, University of Padua, Padua University Hospital, President of the Italian Society for Obesity, Padua, Italy
| | - R Vettor
- Department of Medicine, Medical Clinic 3rd, Endocrine-Metabolic Unit, Padua University Hospital, Center for the Study and Integrated Treatment of Obesity, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - B Annibale
- President of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Unit of Diseases of the Digestive System and Liver, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - A Paoletta
- Endocrinology, ULSS6 Euganea, Padua, Italy
| | - E Papini
- Endocrinology, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, RM, Italy
| | - A Albanese
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M Carabotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - G De Pergola
- Clinical Nutrition Center for Research and Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS De Bellis, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - O E Disoteo
- Diabetology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Di Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - I Grandone
- Diabetology, Dietology and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Santa Maria Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - G Medea
- General Practitioner, ATS Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - E Nisoli
- Center for the Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Raffaelli
- Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Agostino Gemelli IRCCS University Polyclinic Foundation, Center for Research in Endocrine Gland and Obesity Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - S Schiff
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - F Vignati
- Endocrine Diseases and Diabetology Unit, Referral Center for the Study, Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity, Sant'Anna Hospital, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy
| | - M Cinquini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - V A Fittipaldo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - S Minozzi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - M Monteforte
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A C Tralongo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - R Novizio
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - A Persichetti
- Ministry of Interior - Department of Firefighters, Public Rescue and Civil Defense, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - I Samperi
- Endocrinology, ASL Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - A Scoppola
- UOSD Endocrinologia ASL, Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - G Borretta
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - M Carruba
- Center for the Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M G Carbonelli
- Dietetics and Nutrition Unit, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - M De Luca
- Department of General Surgery, Rovigo Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - S Frontoni
- Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - S G Corradini
- Gastroenterology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - F Muratori
- Endocrine Diseases and Diabetology Unit, Referral Center for the Study, Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity, Sant'Anna Hospital, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy
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Zhang C, Shi Y, Liu C, Sudesh SM, Hu Z, Li P, Liu Q, Ma Y, Shi A, Cai H. Therapeutic strategies targeting mechanisms of macrophages in diabetic heart disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:169. [PMID: 38750502 PMCID: PMC11097480 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic heart disease (DHD) is a serious complication in patients with diabetes. Despite numerous studies on the pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets of DHD, effective means of prevention and treatment are still lacking. The pathogenic mechanisms of DHD include cardiac inflammation, insulin resistance, myocardial fibrosis, and oxidative stress. Macrophages, the primary cells of the human innate immune system, contribute significantly to these pathological processes, playing an important role in human disease and health. Therefore, drugs targeting macrophages hold great promise for the treatment of DHD. In this review, we examine how macrophages contribute to the development of DHD and which drugs could potentially be used to target macrophages in the treatment of DHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Zhang
- Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunke Shi
- Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Changzhi Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shivon Mirza Sudesh
- Faculty of Medicine, St. George University of London, London, UK
- University of Nicosia Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Pengyang Li
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Wafic Said Molecular Cardiology Research Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yiming Ma
- Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ao Shi
- Faculty of Medicine, St. George University of London, London, UK.
- University of Nicosia Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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Wang M, Li C, Liu Y, Jin Y, Yu Y, Tan X, Zhang C. The effect of macrophages and their exosomes in ischemic heart disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1402468. [PMID: 38799471 PMCID: PMC11116575 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1402468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, with immune regulation playing a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Various immune cells are involved, and as one of the key immune cells residing in the heart, macrophages play an indispensable role in the inflammatory and reparative processes during cardiac ischemia. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles containing lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, and other bioactive molecules, have emerged as important mediators in the regulatory functions of macrophages and hold promise as a novel therapeutic target for IHD. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of different subsets of macrophages and their secreted exosomes during cardiac ischemia over the past five years. It also discusses the current status of clinical research utilizing macrophages and their exosomes, as well as strategies to enhance their therapeutic efficacy through biotechnology. The aim is to provide valuable insights for the treatment of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minrui Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuchang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Tan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Liu C, Huang J, Qiu J, Jiang H, Liang S, Su Y, Lin J, Zheng J. Quercitrin improves cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction by regulating macrophage polarization and metabolic reprogramming. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155467. [PMID: 38447360 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The death and disability caused by myocardial infarction is a health problem that needs to be addressed worldwide, and poor cardiac repair and fibrosis after myocardial infarction seriously affect patient recovery. Postmyocardial infarction repair by M2 macrophages is of great significance for ventricular remodeling. Quercitrin (Que) is a common flavonoid in fruits and vegetables that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and other effects, but whether it has a role in the treatment of myocardial infarction is unclear. In this study, we constructed a mouse myocardial infarction model and administered Que. We found through cardiac ultrasound that Que administration improved cardiac ejection fraction and reduced ventricular remodeling. Staining of heart sections and detection of fibrosis marker protein levels revealed that Que administration slowed fibrosis after myocardial infarction. Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of M2 macrophages in the mouse heart was increased and that the expression levels of M2 macrophage markers were increased in the Que-treated group. Finally, we identified by metabolomics that Que reduces glycolysis, increases aerobic phosphorylation, and alters arginine metabolic pathways, polarizing macrophages toward the M2 phenotype. Our research lays the foundation for the future application of Que in myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jungang Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Junxiong Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Huiqi Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shi Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yangfan Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Junmeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Xu Y, Huang L, Zhuang Y, Huang H. Modulation of adipose tissue metabolism by exosomes in obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E709-E722. [PMID: 38416071 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00155.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and its related metabolic complications represent a significant global health challenge. Central to this is the dysregulation of glucolipid metabolism, with a predominant focus on glucose metabolic dysfunction in the current research, whereas adipose metabolism impairment garners less attention. Exosomes (EXs), small extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by various cells, have emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication and have the potential to be biomarkers, targets, and therapeutic tools for diverse diseases. In particular, EXs have been found to play a role in adipose metabolism by transporting cargoes such as noncoding RNAs (ncRNA), proteins, and other factors. This review article summarizes the current understanding of the role of EXs in mediating adipose metabolism disorders in obesity. It highlights their roles in adipogenesis (encompassing adipogenic differentiation and lipid synthesis), lipid catabolism, lipid transport, and white adipose browning. The insights provided by this review offer new avenues for developing exosome-based therapies to treat obesity and its associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huibin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Tang G, Li Z, Ding C, Zhao J, Xing X, Sun Y, Qiu X, Wang L. A cigarette filter-derived biomimetic cardiac niche for myocardial infarction repair. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:362-381. [PMID: 38379697 PMCID: PMC10876615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell implantation offers an appealing avenue for heart repair after myocardial infarction (MI). Nevertheless, the implanted cells are subjected to the aberrant myocardial niche, which inhibits cell survival and maturation, posing significant challenges to the ultimate therapeutic outcome. The functional cardiac patches (CPs) have been proved to construct an elastic conductive, antioxidative, and angiogenic microenvironment for rectifying the aberrant microenvironment of the infarcted myocardium. More importantly, inducing implanted cardiomyocytes (CMs) adapted to the anisotropic arrangement of myocardial tissue by bioengineered structural cues within CPs are more conducive to MI repair. Herein, a functional Cig/(TA-Cu) CP served as biomimetic cardiac niche was fabricated based on structural anisotropic cigarette filter by modifying with tannic acid (TA)-chelated Cu2+ (TA-Cu complex) via a green method. This CP possessed microstructural anisotropy, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties similar to natural myocardium, which could promote elongation, orientation, maturation, and functionalization of CMs. Besides, the Cig/(TA-Cu) CP could efficiently scavenge reactive oxygen species, reduce CM apoptosis, ultimately facilitating myocardial electrical integration, promoting vascular regeneration and improving cardiac function. Together, our study introduces a functional CP that integrates multimodal cues to create a biomimetic cardiac niche and provides an effective strategy for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Tang
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Zhentao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, PR China
| | - Chengbin Ding
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Xianglong Xing
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Yan Sun
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaozhong Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Leyu Wang
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
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Park YJ, Kim HJ, Koh DJ, Kim E, Lim YW, An HJ. Effect and mechanisms of Gambi-jung against high-fat diet-induced cardiac apoptosis in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29161. [PMID: 38644871 PMCID: PMC11031771 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Gambi-jung (GBJ), a modified herbal formula of Taeumjowi-tang, induces weight loss in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice. Meanwhile, concerns have been raised regarding Ephedra sinica Stapf (ES), the primary herb of GBJ, having potential adverse cardiovascular effects. However, there have been no reports on the effects of ES and ephedrine-containing products on obesity-induced cardiac apoptosis. Therefore, to investigated the effect of GBJ and ES on HFD-induced cardiac apoptosis, we utilized Western blot analysis, TUNEL-staining, and histological staining of heart tissues from HFD-fed obese mice. Western blot analysis showed that there were significant changes in the protein levels of anti-apoptotic markers (B-cell lymphoma (BCL) protein 2 (BCL-2), BCL-XL, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein) and pro-apoptotic markers (Fas, Fas-associated protein with death domain, BCL-2 agonist of cell death, BCL-2 associated X, cytochrome C, and cleaved caspase-9) in the heart of HFD-fed mice. In contrast administration of 250 mg/kg GBJ for 12 weeks significantly reversed the protein levels related to the apoptosis signaling pathway, which was greater than that of ES administration. Furthermore, GBJ-treated mice had markedly decreased number of TUNEL-stained apoptotic cells compared to the HFD group. Moreover, GBJ improved the mitochondrial function by regulating the genes expression of uncoupling protein 2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α, optic atrophy protein 1, and fission protein 1. Notably, hematoxylin and eosin histological staining showed no changes in the heart tissues of GBJ- and ES-treated mice, indicating that long-term administration of GBJ and ES did not exert any adverse effects on the cardiac tissue. The present study lays the foundation to support the efficacy of GBJ in protecting cardiac cell apoptosis induced by HFD feeding, as well as to verify the cardiac safety of GBJ administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Jin Park
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Duck-Jae Koh
- Nubebe Korean Medical Clinic Jamsil Center, Seoul, 05510, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Nubebe Obesity Research Institute, Seoul, 06634, Republic of Korea
- Nubebe Korean Medical Clinic Bundang Center, Seongnam-si, 13506, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Lim
- Nubebe Obesity Research Institute, Seoul, 06634, Republic of Korea
- Nubebe Korean Medical Clinic Bundang Center, Seongnam-si, 13506, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Guo W, Yang C, Zou J, Yu T, Li M, He R, Chen K, Hell RCR, Gross ER, Zou X, Lu Y. Interleukin-1β polarization in M1 macrophage mediates myocardial fibrosis in diabetes. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111858. [PMID: 38492336 PMCID: PMC11330059 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a global health problem whose common complication is diabetic cardiomyopathy, characterized by chronic inflammation of the heart muscle. Macrophages are the main white blood cells found in the resting heart. Therefore, we investigated the underling mechanism of macrophage on myocardial fibrosis in diabetes. METHODS Here, echocardiography was utilized to evaluate cardiac function, and the degree of myocardial fibrosis was assessed using Masson's trichrome staining, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze the phenotype, function, developmental trajectory, and interactions between immune cells, endothelial cells (ECs), and fibroblasts (FBs) in the hearts of db/db mice at different stages of diabetes. Macrophages and cardiac fibroblasts were also co-cultured in order to study the signaling between macrophages and fibroblasts. RESULTS We found that with the development of diabetes mellitus, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis occurred that was accompanied by cardiac dysfunction. A significant proportion of immune cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts were identified by RNA sequencing. The most significant changes observed were in macrophages, which undergo M1 polarization and are critical for oxidative stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation. We further found that M1 macrophages secreted interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which interacted with the receptor on the surface of fibroblasts, to cause myocardial fibrosis. In addition, crosstalk between M1 macrophages and endothelial cells also plays a key role in fibrosis and immune response regulation through IL-1β and corresponding receptors. CONCLUSIONS M1 macrophages mediate diabetic myocardial fibrosis through interleukin-1β interaction with fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jiawei Zou
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Mingde Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ruilin He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Keyang Chen
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rafaela C R Hell
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 94305 CA, United States
| | - Eric R Gross
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 94305 CA, United States
| | - Xin Zou
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Ambulatory Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
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Hu C, Francisco J, Del Re DP, Sadoshima J. Decoding the Impact of the Hippo Pathway on Different Cell Types in Heart Failure. Circ J 2024:CJ-24-0171. [PMID: 38644191 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-24-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved Hippo pathway plays a pivotal role in governing a variety of biological processes. Heart failure (HF) is a major global health problem with a significant risk of mortality. This review provides a contemporary understanding of the Hippo pathway in regulating different cell types during HF. Through a systematic analysis of each component's regulatory mechanisms within the Hippo pathway, we elucidate their specific effects on cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages in response to various cardiac injuries. Insights gleaned from both in vitro and in vivo studies highlight the therapeutic promise of targeting the Hippo pathway to address cardiovascular diseases, particularly HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchen Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
| | - Jamie Francisco
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
| | - Dominic P Del Re
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
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Zhu N, Li T, Bai Y, Sun J, Guo J, Yuan H, Shan Z. Targeting myocardial inflammation: investigating the therapeutic potential of atrial natriuretic peptide in atrial fibrosis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:506. [PMID: 38622341 PMCID: PMC11018689 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09393-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a prevalent arrhythmic condition, is intricately associated with atrial fibrosis, a major pathological contributor. Central to the development of atrial fibrosis is myocardial inflammation. This study focuses on Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) and its role in mitigating atrial fibrosis, aiming to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which ANP exerts its effects, with an emphasis on fibroblast dynamics. METHODS AND RESULTS The study involved forty Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into four groups: control, Angiotensin II (Ang II), Ang II + ANP, and ANP only. The administration of 1 µg/kg/min Ang II was given to Ang II and Ang II + ANP groups, while both Ang II + ANP and ANP groups received 0.1 µg/kg/min ANP intravenously for a duration of 14 days. Cardiac fibroblasts were used for in vitro validation of the proposed mechanisms. The study observed that rats in the Ang II and Ang II + ANP groups showed an increase in blood pressure and a decrease in body weight, more pronounced in the Ang II group. Diastolic dysfunction, a characteristic of the Ang II group, was alleviated by ANP. Additionally, ANP significantly reduced Ang II-induced atrial fibrosis, myofibroblast proliferation, collagen overexpression, macrophage infiltration, and the elevated expression of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Tenascin-C (TN-C). Transcriptomic sequencing indicated enhanced PI3K/Akt signaling in the Ang II group. Furthermore, in vitro studies showed that ANP, along with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, effectively reduced PI3K/Akt pathway activation and the expression of TN-C, collagen-I, and collagen-III, which were induced by Ang II. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates ANP's potential in inhibiting myocardial inflammation and reducing atrial fibrosis. Notably, ANP's effect in countering atrial fibrosis seems to be mediated through the suppression of the Ang II-induced PI3K/Akt-Tenascin-C signaling pathway. These insights enhance our understanding of AF pathogenesis and position ANP as a potential therapeutic agent for treating atrial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Zhu
- Graduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlun Li
- Graduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yili Bai
- Southern Medical Branch, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Graduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtao Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoliang Shan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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González-Sánchez GD, Granados-López AJ, López-Hernández Y, Robles MJG, López JA. miRNAs as Interconnectors between Obesity and Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:24. [PMID: 38668382 PMCID: PMC11055034 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and cancer are a concern of global interest. It is proven that obesity may trigger the development or progression of some types of cancer; however, the connection by non-coding RNAs has not been totally explored. In the present review, we discuss miRNAs and lncRNAs dysregulation involved in obesity and some cancers, shedding light on how these conditions may exacerbate one another through the dysregulation of ncRNAs. lncRNAs have been reported as regulating microRNAs. An in silico investigation of lncRNA and miRNA interplay is presented. Our investigation revealed 44 upregulated and 49 downregulated lncRNAs in obesity and cancer, respectively. miR-375, miR-494-3p, miR-1908, and miR-196 were found interacting with 1, 4, 4 and 4 lncRNAs, respectively, which are involved in PPARγ cell signaling regulation. Additionally, miR-130 was found to be downregulated in obesity and reported as modulating 5 lncRNAs controlling PPARγ cell signaling. Similarly, miR-128-3p and miR-143 were found to be downregulated in obesity and cancer, interacting with 5 and 4 lncRNAs, respectively, associated with MAPK cell signaling modulation. The delicate balance between miRNA and lncRNA expression emerges as a critical determinant in the development of obesity-associated cancers, presenting these molecules as promising biomarkers. However, additional and deeper studies are needed to reach solid conclusions about obesity and cancer connection by ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grecia Denisse González-Sánchez
- Doctorate in Biosciences, University Center of Los Altos, University of Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos C.P. 47620, Mexico;
| | - Angelica Judith Granados-López
- Laboratory of microRNAs and Cancer, Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas “Francisco García Salinas”, Zacatecas C.P. 98066, Mexico;
| | - Yamilé López-Hernández
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Cátedras-CONACYT, Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas “Francisco García Salinas”, Zacatecas C.P. 98066, Mexico;
| | - Mayra Judith García Robles
- Biotechnology Department of the Polytechnic, University of Zacatecas, Fresnillo, Zacatecas C.P. 99059, Mexico
| | - Jesús Adrián López
- Laboratory of microRNAs and Cancer, Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas “Francisco García Salinas”, Zacatecas C.P. 98066, Mexico;
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Yu Y, Wang L, Hou W, Xue Y, Liu X, Li Y. Identification and validation of aging-related genes in heart failure based on multiple machine learning algorithms. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1367235. [PMID: 38686376 PMCID: PMC11056574 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1367235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the face of continued growth in the elderly population, the need to understand and combat age-related cardiac decline becomes even more urgent, requiring us to uncover new pathological and cardioprotective pathways. Methods We obtained the aging-related genes of heart failure through WGCNA and CellAge database. We elucidated the biological functions and signaling pathways involved in heart failure and aging through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. We used three machine learning algorithms: LASSO, RF and SVM-RFE to further screen the aging-related genes of heart failure, and fitted and verified them through a variety of machine learning algorithms. We searched for drugs to treat age-related heart failure through the DSigDB database. Finally, We use CIBERSORT to complete immune infiltration analysis of aging samples. Results We obtained 57 up-regulated and 195 down-regulated aging-related genes in heart failure through WGCNA and CellAge databases. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that aging-related genes are mainly involved in mechanisms such as Cellular senescence and Cell cycle. We further screened aging-related genes through machine learning and obtained 14 key genes. We verified the results on the test set and 2 external validation sets using 15 machine learning algorithm models and 207 combinations, and the highest accuracy was 0.911. Through screening of the DSigDB database, we believe that rimonabant and lovastatin have the potential to delay aging and protect the heart. The results of immune infiltration analysis showed that there were significant differences between Macrophages M2 and T cells CD8 in aging myocardium. Conclusion We identified aging signature genes and potential therapeutic drugs for heart failure through bioinformatics and multiple machine learning algorithms, providing new ideas for studying the mechanism and treatment of age-related cardiac decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Yu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wangjun Hou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yitao Xue
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiujuan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Wang B, Yang Y, Ye J, Han X, Yang L, Huang Y, Chao L. GRIM-19 deficiency promotes macrophage polarization to the M1 phenotype partly through glycolysis in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:739-749. [PMID: 38206868 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is closely related to immune system disorders, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of GRIM-19 in URSA and the possible pathogenesis of URSA according to macrophage polarization. Here, we showed that GRIM-19 was downregulated in the uterine decidual macrophages of patients with URSA and that GRIM-19 downregulation was accompanied by increased M1 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, the expression levels of glycolytic enzymes were substantially enhanced in the uterine decidual macrophages of URSA patients, and glycolysis in THP-1-derived macrophages was further enhanced by the downregulation of GRIM-19. Additionally, the increase of M1 macrophages resulting from the loss of GRIM-19 was significantly reversed in cells treated with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG, an inhibitor of glycolysis). To provide more direct evidence, GRIM-19 deficiency was shown to promote macrophage polarization to the M1 phenotype in GRIM-19+/- mouse uteri. Overall, our study provides evidence that GRIM-19 deficiency may play a role in regulating macrophage polarization in URSA, and that glycolysis may participate in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jinwen Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaojuan Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lan Chao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
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Luo M, Zhao F, Cheng H, Su M, Wang Y. Macrophage polarization: an important role in inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1352946. [PMID: 38660308 PMCID: PMC11039887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are crucial cells in the human body's innate immunity and are engaged in a variety of non-inflammatory reactions. Macrophages can develop into two kinds when stimulated by distinct internal environments: pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages. During inflammation, the two kinds of macrophages are activated alternatively, and maintaining a reasonably steady ratio is critical for maintaining homeostasis in vivo. M1 macrophages can induce inflammation, but M2 macrophages suppress it. The imbalance between the two kinds of macrophages will have a significant impact on the illness process. As a result, there are an increasing number of research being conducted on relieving or curing illnesses by altering the amount of macrophages. This review summarizes the role of macrophage polarization in various inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune diseases (RA, EAE, MS, AIH, IBD, CD), allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis, allergic asthma), atherosclerosis, obesity and type 2 diabetes, metabolic homeostasis, and the compounds or drugs that have been discovered or applied to the treatment of these diseases by targeting macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuanmin Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Gao F, Deng S, Liu Y, Wu P, Huang L, Zhu F, Wei C, Yuan Y, Gui Y, Tian Y, Fan H, Wu H. Compound sophora decoction alleviates ulcerative colitis by regulating macrophage polarization through cGAS inhibition: network pharmacology and experimental validation. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6921-6936. [PMID: 38613801 PMCID: PMC11087132 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory disease with complex pathogenesis, and its pathogenesis is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the potential target and related mechanism of Compound Sophora Decoction (CSD) in treating UC. METHODS A network pharmacology approach predicted the components and targets of CSD to treat UC, and cell and animal experiments confirmed the findings of the approach and a new target for CSD treatment of UC. RESULTS A total of 155 potential targets were identified for CSD treatment of UC, with some related to macrophage polarization, such as nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), also known as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that oxidative stress response and multiple inflammatory signaling pathways such as TNF-α may play a significant role. In vitro experiments revealed that Interferon-stimulated DNA (ISD) interference can cause polarization imbalances in Raw 264.7 and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Flow cytometry demonstrated that polarization of macrophages in the intestine, spleen, and lymph nodes in vivo was also unbalanced after dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) modeling with pathological intestinal injury. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that after inducing inflammation, the levels of macrophage polarization-related markers (iNOS and Arg1) and inflammation-related factors (CCL17, IL10, TNF-α, and CXCL10) changed, accompanied by increased expression of cGAS. However, CSD treatment based on inflammation can inhibit the expression of cGAS protein and mRNA, lower the level of inflammatory factors, promote the expression of anti-inflammatory factors, and regulate macrophage polarization. CONCLUSION We concluded that CSD alleviated DSS-induced UC by inhibiting cGAS, thus regulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shuangjiao Deng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yujin Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Pengcheng Wu
- Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lifen Huang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chunzhu Wei
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuyi Yuan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yang Gui
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yushi Tian
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Heng Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Liu X, Xiang R, Fang X, Wang G, Zhou Y. Advances in Metabolic Regulation of Macrophage Polarization State. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:416-436. [PMID: 38206296 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2302828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages are significant immune-related cells that are essential for tissue growth, homeostasis maintenance, pathogen resistance, and damage healing. The studies on the metabolic control of macrophage polarization state in recent years and the influence of polarization status on the development and incidence of associated disorders are expounded upon in this article. Firstly, we reviewed the origin and classification of macrophages, with particular attention paid to how the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the three primary metabolites affect macrophage polarization. The primary metabolic hub that controls macrophage polarization is the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Finally, we reviewed the polarization state of macrophages influences the onset and progression of cancers, inflammatory disorders, and other illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Ruoxuan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Xue Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Yuyan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
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Caballero-Sánchez N, Alonso-Alonso S, Nagy L. Regenerative inflammation: When immune cells help to re-build tissues. FEBS J 2024; 291:1597-1614. [PMID: 36440547 PMCID: PMC10225019 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential immune response critical for responding to infection, injury and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Upon injury, regenerative inflammation promotes tissue repair by a timed and coordinated infiltration of diverse cell types and the secretion of growth factors, cytokines and lipids mediators. Remarkably, throughout evolution as well as mammalian development, this type of physiological inflammation is highly associated with immunosuppression. For instance, regenerative inflammation is the consequence of an in situ macrophage polarization resulting in a transition from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory/pro-regenerative response. Immune cells are the first responders upon injury, infiltrating the damaged tissue and initiating a pro-inflammatory response depleting cell debris and necrotic cells. After phagocytosis, macrophages undergo multiple coordinated metabolic and transcriptional changes allowing the transition and dictating the initiation of the regenerative phase. Differences between a highly efficient, complete ad integrum tissue repair, such as, acute skeletal muscle injury, and insufficient regenerative inflammation, as the one developing in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), highlight the importance of a coordinated response orchestrated by immune cells. During regenerative inflammation, these cells interact with others and alter the niche, affecting the character of inflammation itself and, therefore, the progression of tissue repair. Comparing acute muscle injury and chronic inflammation in DMD, we review how the same cells and molecules in different numbers, concentration and timing contribute to very different outcomes. Thus, it is important to understand and identify the distinct functions and secreted molecules of macrophages, and potentially other immune cells, during tissue repair, and the contributors to the macrophage switch leveraging this knowledge in treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Caballero-Sánchez
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nuclear Receptor Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sergio Alonso-Alonso
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laszlo Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nuclear Receptor Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
- Departments Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, Florida, USA
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Wu X, Wu Q, Gao L, Lv Y, Wu Z. Macrophage Polarization in Left Ventricular Structural Remodeling Induced by Hypertension. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:121. [PMID: 39076555 PMCID: PMC11264024 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2504121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Following long-term hypertension, mechanical stretching and neuroendocrine stimulation, cause multiple heterogeneous cells of the heart to interact, and result in myocardial remodeling with myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. The immune system, specifically macrophages, plays a vital role in this process. Macrophages are heterogeneous and plastic. Regulated by factors such as microenvironment and cytokines, polarization can be divided into two main forms: M1/M2, with different polarizations playing different roles in left ventricular structural remodeling associated with hypertension. However, descriptions of macrophage phenotypes in hypertension-induced myocardial hypertrophy models are not completely consistent. This article summarizes the phenotypes of macrophages in several models, aiming to assist researchers in studying macrophage phenotypes in hypertension-induced left ventricular structural remodeling models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong Provincial Education Department, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiaolan Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong Provincial Education Department, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong Provincial Education Department, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Lv
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong Provincial Education Department, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhichun Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong Provincial Education Department, 250355 Jinan, Shandong, China
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Ninni S, Dombrowicz D, de Winther M, Staels B, Montaigne D, Nattel S. Genetic Factors Altering Immune Responses in Atrial Fibrillation: JACC Review Topic of the Week. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1163-1176. [PMID: 38508850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes. Accumulating evidence points to inflammatory processes resulting from innate immune responses as a cornerstone in AF pathogenesis. Genetic and epigenetic factors affecting leukocytes have been identified as key modulators of the inflammatory response. Inherited variants in genes encoding proteins involved in the innate immune response have been associated with increased risk for AF recurrence and stroke in AF patients. Furthermore, acquired somatic mutations associated with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, leukocyte telomere shortening, and epigenetic age acceleration contribute to increased AF risk. In individuals carrying clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, myocardial monocyte-derived macrophage shift toward a proinflammatory phenotype may precipitate AF. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of genetic regulation of the native immune response in atrial arrhythmogenesis and its therapeutic potential as a target for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Ninni
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France; Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David Dombrowicz
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Menno de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences: Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity: Inflammatory diseases; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - David Montaigne
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Institut hospitalo-universitaire Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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