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Hoy CK, NaveenKumar SK, Navaz SA, Sugur K, Yalavarthi S, Sarosh C, Smith T, Kmetova K, Chong E, Peters NF, Rysenga CE, Norman GL, Figueroa-Parra G, Nelson D, Girard J, Ahmed AZ, Schaefer JK, Gudjonsson JE, Kahlenberg JM, Madison JA, Knight JS, Crowson CS, Duarte-García A, Zuo Y. Calprotectin Impairs Platelet Survival in Patients With Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:928-935. [PMID: 38225923 PMCID: PMC11136595 DOI: 10.1002/art.42801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While thrombosis and pregnancy loss are the best-known clinical features of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), many patients also exhibit "extra-criteria" manifestations, such as thrombocytopenia. The mechanisms that drive APS thrombocytopenia are not completely understood, and no clinical biomarkers are available for predicting antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-mediated thrombocytopenia. Calprotectin is a heterodimer of S100A8 and S100A9 that is abundant in the neutrophil cytoplasm and released upon proinflammatory neutrophil activation. Here, we sought to evaluate the presence, clinical associations, and potential mechanistic roles of circulating calprotectin in a cohort of primary APS and aPL-positive patients. METHODS Levels of circulating calprotectin were determined in plasma by the QUANTA Flash chemiluminescent assay. A viability dye-based platelet assay was used to assess the potential impact of calprotectin on aPL-mediated thrombocytopenia. RESULTS Circulating calprotectin was measured in 112 patients with primary APS and 30 aPL-positive (without APS criteria manifestations or lupus) patients as compared to patients with lupus (without APS), patients with unprovoked venous thrombosis (without aPL), and healthy controls. Levels of calprotectin were higher in patients with primary APS and aPL-positive patients compared to healthy controls. After adjustment for age and sex, calprotectin level correlated positively with absolute neutrophil count (r = 0.41, P < 0.001), positively with C-reactive protein level (r = 0.34, P = 0.002), and negatively with platelet count (r = -0.24, P = 0.004). Mechanistically, we found that calprotectin provoked aPL-mediated thrombocytopenia by engaging platelet surface toll-like receptor 4 and activating the NLRP3-inflammasome, thereby reducing platelet viability in a caspase-1-dependent manner. CONCLUSION These data suggest that calprotectin has the potential to be a functional biomarker and a new therapeutic target for APS thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire K. Hoy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Sherwin A. Navaz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kavya Sugur
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Srilakshmi Yalavarthi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cyrus Sarosh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tristin Smith
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Katarina Kmetova
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Emily Chong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Noah F. Peters
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christine E. Rysenga
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gary L. Norman
- Headquarters & Technology Center Autoimmunity, Werfen, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Figueroa-Parra
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dava Nelson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer Girard
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Asra Z. Ahmed
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jordan K. Schaefer
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - J. Michelle Kahlenberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jacqueline A. Madison
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason S. Knight
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cynthia S. Crowson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alí Duarte-García
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yu Zuo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Plana E, Oto J, Herranz R, Medina P, Cana F, Miralles M. Calprotectin as a new inflammatory marker of abdominal aortic aneurysm: A pilot study. Vasc Med 2024; 29:189-199. [PMID: 38457311 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x241231494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a relevant clinical problem due to the risk of rupture of progressively dilated infrarenal aorta. It is characterized by degradation of elastic fibers, extracellular matrix, and inflammation of the arterial wall. Though neutrophil infiltration is a known feature of AAA, markers of neutrophil activation are scarcely analyzed; hence, the main objective of this study. METHODS Plasma levels of main neutrophil activation markers were quantified in patients with AAA and a double control group (CTL) formed by healthy volunteers (HV) and patients with severe atherosclerosis submitted for carotid endarterectomy (CE). Calprotectin, a cytoplasmic neutrophil protein, was quantified, by Western blot, in arterial tissue samples from patients with AAA and organ donors. Colocalization of calprotectin and neutrophil elastase was assessed by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Plasma calprotectin and IL-6 were both elevated in patients with AAA compared with CTL (p ⩽ 0.0001) and a strong correlation was found between both molecules (p < 0.001). This difference was maintained when comparing with HV and CE for calprotectin but only with HV for IL-6. Calprotectin was also elevated in arterial tissue samples from patients with AAA compared with organ donors (p < 0.0001), and colocalized with neutrophils in the arterial wall. CONCLUSIONS Circulating calprotectin could be a specific AAA marker and a potential therapeutical target. Calprotectin is related to inflammation and neutrophil activation in arterial wall and independent of other atherosclerotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Plana
- Angiology and Vascular Surgery Service, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Arteriosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Oto
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Arteriosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Herranz
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Arteriosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Medina
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Arteriosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Cana
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Arteriosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Miralles
- Angiology and Vascular Surgery Service, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Arteriosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Surgery, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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3
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Chen F, He Z, Wang C, Si J, Chen Z, Guo Y. Advances in the study of S100A9 in cardiovascular diseases. Cell Prolif 2024:e13636. [PMID: 38504474 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of diseases that primarily affect the heart or blood vessels, with high disability and mortality rates, posing a serious threat to human health. The causative factors, pathogenesis, and characteristics of common CVD differ, but they all involve common pathological processes such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. S100A9 belongs to the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, which are mainly secreted by myeloid cells and bind to the Toll-like receptor 4 and receptor for advanced glycation end products and is involved in regulating pathological processes such as inflammatory response, fibrosis, vascular calcification, and endothelial barrier function in CVD. The latest research has found that S100A9 is a key biomarker for diagnosing and predicting various CVD. Therefore, this article reviews the latest research progress on the diagnostic and predictive, and therapeutic value of S100A9 in inflammatory-related CVD such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and arterial aneurysm and summarizes its molecular mechanisms in the progression of CVD, aiming to explore new predictive methods and to identify potential intervention targets for CVD in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Chen
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Ziyu He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Chengming Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jiajia Si
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
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Maloberti A, Intravaia RCM, Mancusi C, Cesaro A, Golia E, Ilaria F, Coletta S, Merlini P, De Chiara B, Bernasconi D, Algeri M, Ossola P, Ciampi C, Riccio A, Tognola C, Ardissino M, Inglese E, Scaglione F, Calabrò P, De Luca N, Giannattasio C. Secondary Prevention and Extreme Cardiovascular Risk Evaluation (SEVERE-1), Focus on Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors: The Study Protocol. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023; 30:573-583. [PMID: 38030852 PMCID: PMC10721661 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00607-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite significant improvement in secondary CardioVascular (CV) preventive strategies, some acute and chronic coronary syndrome (ACS and CCS) patients will suffer recurrent events (also called "extreme CV risk"). Recently new biochemical markers, such as uric acid (UA), lipoprotein A [Lp(a)] and several markers of inflammation, have been described to be associated with CV events recurrence. The SEcondary preVention and Extreme cardiovascular Risk Evaluation (SEVERE-1) study will accurately characterize extreme CV risk patients enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. AIM Our aims will be to describe the prevalence of extreme CV risk and its association with newly described biochemical CV risk factors. AIM Our aims will be to describe the prevalence of extreme CV risk and its association with newly described biochemical CV risk factors. METHODS We will prospectively enrol 730 ACS/CCS patients at the beginning of a CR program. Extreme CV risk will be retrospectively defined as the presence of a previous (within 2 years) CV events in the patients' clinical history. UA, Lp(a) and inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 and -18, tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein, calprotectin and osteoprotegerin) will be assessed in ACS/CCS patients with extreme CV risk and compared with those without extreme CV risk but also with two control groups: 1180 hypertensives and 765 healthy subjects. The association between these biomarkers and extreme CV risk will be assessed with a multivariable model and two scoring systems will be created for an accurate identification of extreme CV risk patients. The first one will use only clinical variables while the second one will introduce the biochemical markers. Finally, by exome sequencing we will both evaluate polygenic risk score ability to predict recurrent events and perform mendellian randomization analysis on CV biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Our study proposal was granted by the European Union PNRR M6/C2 call. With this study we will give definitive data on extreme CV risk prevalence rising attention on this condition and leading cardiologist to do a better diagnosis and to carry out a more intensive treatment optimization that will finally leads to a reduction of future ACS recurrence. This will be even more important for cardiologists working in CR that is a very important place for CV risk definition and therapies refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Maloberti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
- Cardiology 4, Cardio Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, Niguarda Hospital, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Costantino Mancusi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Federico II° University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Enrica Golia
- S. Anna e S. Sebastiano Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | - Fucile Ilaria
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Federico II° University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Piera Merlini
- Cardiology 4, Cardio Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, Niguarda Hospital, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta De Chiara
- Cardiology 4, Cardio Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, Niguarda Hospital, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Bernasconi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
- Clinical Research and Innovation, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Algeri
- Cardiology 4, Cardio Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, Niguarda Hospital, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ossola
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Ciampi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfonso Riccio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Tognola
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
- Cardiology 4, Cardio Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, Niguarda Hospital, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Ardissino
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elvira Inglese
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, ASST "Grande Ospedale Metropolitano" Niguarda, 20162, Milan, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Scaglione
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, ASST "Grande Ospedale Metropolitano" Niguarda, 20162, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Nicola De Luca
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Federico II° University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Giannattasio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
- Cardiology 4, Cardio Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, Niguarda Hospital, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
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White NJ, Wenthe A. Managing Hemostasis in Space. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2079-2087. [PMID: 37795614 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Human space travel requires exposure to weightlessness, ionizing radiation, isolation, and austerity. A recent report of internal jugular vein thrombosis in astronauts in low Earth orbit confirms that these exposures also affect vascular biology to influence diseases of thrombosis and hemostasis. This brief review summarizes the known influences of space travel on inflammation, blood coagulation, and the cardiovascular system and conceptualizes how they might combine to affect thrombosis and hemostasis. In the event of a major thrombotic or bleeding emergency, it is anticipated that the unique physiological influences of the space environment and logistical limitations of providing medical care in space would require a response that is unique from our current experience. We also look towards the future to discuss lessons learned from our current experiences on Earth and in space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J White
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (N.J.W.)
- University of Washington Resuscitation Engineering Science Unit (RESCU) (N.J.W., A.W.)
| | - Andrew Wenthe
- University of Washington Resuscitation Engineering Science Unit (RESCU) (N.J.W., A.W.)
- U.S. Navy, Active Duty, Special Operations Combat Medic-SOCM (A.W.)
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Nardin M, Verdoia M, Cao D, Nardin S, Kedhi E, Galasso G, van ‘t Hof AWJ, Condorelli G, De Luca G. Platelets and the Atherosclerotic Process: An Overview of New Markers of Platelet Activation and Reactivity, and Their Implications in Primary and Secondary Prevention. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6074. [PMID: 37763014 PMCID: PMC10531614 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12186074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The key role played by platelets in the atherosclerosis physiopathology, especially in the acute setting, is ascertained: they are the main actors during thrombus formation and, thus, one of the major investigated elements related to atherothrombotic process involving coronary arteries. Platelets have been studied from different points of view, according with the technology advances and the improvement in the hemostasis knowledge achieved in the last years. Morphology and reactivity constitute the first aspects investigated related to platelets with a significant body of evidence published linking a number of their values and markers to coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events. Recently, the impact of genetics on platelet activation has been explored with promising findings as additional instrument for patient risk stratification; however, this deserves further confirmations. Moreover, the interplay between immune system and platelets has been partially elucidated in the last years, providing intriguing elements that will be basic components for future research to better understand platelet regulation and improve cardiovascular outcome of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Nardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Third Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Monica Verdoia
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale degli Infermi, ASL Biella, 13875 Biella, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Eastern Piedmont University, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Simone Nardin
- U.O. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Elvin Kedhi
- Division of Cardiology, Hopital Erasmus, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Gennaro Galasso
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Ruggi D’Aragona, Università di Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Arnoud W. J. van ‘t Hof
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, 6419 PC Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Luca
- Division of Cardiology, AOU “Policlinico G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, IRCCS Hospital Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Small AM, Libby P. Why Y? The Y chromosome may serve a cardiovascular purpose after all. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:1953-1955. [PMID: 36932705 PMCID: PMC10232269 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aeron M Small
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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8
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Zhou Y, Zha Y, Yang Y, Ma T, Li H, Liang J. S100 proteins in cardiovascular diseases. Mol Med 2023; 29:68. [PMID: 37217870 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have become a serious threat to human health and life worldwide and have the highest fatality rate. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases have become a focus for public health experts. The expression of S100 proteins is cell- and tissue-specific; they are implicated in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases and cancer. This review article discusses the progress in the research on the role of S100 protein family members in cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the mechanisms by which these proteins exert their biological function may provide novel concepts for preventing, treating, and predicting cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Zha
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Yang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tan Ma
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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9
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Bai B, Xu Y, Chen H. Pathogenic roles of neutrophil-derived alarmins (S100A8/A9) in heart failure: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic insights. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:573-588. [PMID: 36464854 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An excessive neutrophil count is recognized as a valuable predictor of inflammation and is associated with a higher risk of adverse cardiac events in patients with heart failure. Our understanding of the effectors used by neutrophils to inflict proinflammatory actions needs to be advanced. Recently, emerging evidence has demonstrated a causative role of neutrophil-derived alarmins (i.e. S100A8/A9) in aggravating cardiac injuries by induction of inflammation. In parallel with the neutrophil count, high circulating levels of S100A8/A9 proteins powerfully predict mortality in patients with heart failure. As such, a deeper understanding of the biological functions of neutrophil-derived S100A8/A9 proteins would offer novel therapeutic insights. Here, the basic biology of S100A8/A9 proteins and their pleiotropic roles in cardiovascular diseases are discussed, focusing on heart failure. We also consider the evidence that therapeutic targeting of S100A8/A9 proteins by the humanized vaccine, antibodies or inhibitors is able to town down inflammatory injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Bai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Health and Precision Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
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10
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Martínez-Ayala P, Alanis-Sánchez GA, Álvarez-Zavala M, Sánchez-Reyes K, Ruiz-Herrera VV, Cabrera-Silva RI, González-Hernández LA, Ramos-Becerra C, Cardona-Muñoz E, Andrade-Villanueva JF. Effect of antiretroviral therapy on decreasing arterial stiffness, metabolic profile, vascular and systemic inflammatory cytokines in treatment-naïve HIV: A one-year prospective study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282728. [PMID: 36930649 PMCID: PMC10022802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death among people living with HIV (PLH). Non-treated PLH show increased levels of inflammation and biomarkers of vascular activation, and arterial stiffness as a prognostic cardiovascular disease risk factor. We investigated the effect of one year of ART on treatment-naïve HIV(+) individuals on arterial stiffness and inflammatory and vascular cytokines. METHODS We cross-sectionally compared aortic stiffness via tonometry, inflammatory, and vascular serum cytokines on treatment-naïve (n = 20) and HIV (-) (n = 9) matched by age, sex, metabolic profile, and Framingham score. We subsequently followed young, treatment-naïve individuals after 1-year of ART and compared aortic stiffness, metabolic profile, and inflammatory and vascular serum biomarkers to baseline. Inflammatory biomarkers included: hs-CRP, D-Dimer, SAA, sCD163s, MCP-1, IL-8, IL-18, MRP8/14. Vascular cytokines included: myoglobin, NGAL, MPO, Cystatin C, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MMP9. RESULTS Treatment-naïve individuals were 34.8 years old, mostly males (95%), and with high smoking prevalence (70%). Baseline T CD4+ was 512±324 cells/mcL. cfPWV was similar between HIV(-) and treatment-naïve (6.8 vs 7.3 m/s; p = 0.16) but significantly decreased after ART (-0.52 m/s; 95% CI -0.87 to -0.16; p0.006). Almost all the determined cytokines were significantly higher compared to controls, except for MCP-1, myoglobin, NGAL, cystatin C, and MMP-9. At follow-up, only total cholesterol and triglycerides increased and all inflammatory cytokines significantly decreased. Regarding vascular cytokines, MPO, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 showed a reduction. D-Dimer tended to decrease (p = 0.06) and hs-CRP did not show a significant reduction (p = 0.17). CONCLUSION One year of ART had a positive effect on reducing inflammatory and vascular cytokines and arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Martínez-Ayala
- HIV Unit Department, University Hospital "Fray Antonio Alcalde", University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Monserrat Álvarez-Zavala
- Clinical Medicine Department, HIV and Immunodeficiencies Research Institute, CUCS-University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Karina Sánchez-Reyes
- Clinical Medicine Department, HIV and Immunodeficiencies Research Institute, CUCS-University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Vida Verónica Ruiz-Herrera
- HIV Unit Department, University Hospital "Fray Antonio Alcalde", University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Ismael Cabrera-Silva
- Clinical Medicine Department, HIV and Immunodeficiencies Research Institute, CUCS-University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Luz Alicia González-Hernández
- HIV Unit Department, University Hospital "Fray Antonio Alcalde", University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Clinical Medicine Department, HIV and Immunodeficiencies Research Institute, CUCS-University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ramos-Becerra
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Cardona-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jaime Federico Andrade-Villanueva
- HIV Unit Department, University Hospital "Fray Antonio Alcalde", University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Clinical Medicine Department, HIV and Immunodeficiencies Research Institute, CUCS-University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- * E-mail:
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Xiong T, Chen Y, Han S, Zhang TC, Pu L, Fan YX, Fan WC, Zhang YY, Li YX. Development and analysis of a comprehensive diagnostic model for aortic valve calcification using machine learning methods and artificial neural networks. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:913776. [PMID: 36531717 PMCID: PMC9751025 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.913776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although advanced surgical and interventional treatments are available for advanced aortic valve calcification (AVC) with severe clinical symptoms, early diagnosis, and intervention is critical in order to reduce calcification progression and improve patient prognosis. The aim of this study was to develop therapeutic targets for improving outcomes for patients with AVC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used the public expression profiles of individuals with AVC (GSE12644 and GSE51472) to identify potential diagnostic markers. First, the R software was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and perform functional enrichment analysis. Next, we combined bioinformatics techniques with machine learning methodologies such as random forest algorithms and support vector machines to screen for and identify diagnostic markers of AVC. Subsequently, artificial neural networks were employed to filter and model the diagnostic characteristics for AVC incidence. The diagnostic values were determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Furthermore, CIBERSORT immune infiltration analysis was used to determine the expression of different immune cells in the AVC. Finally, the CMap database was used to predict candidate small compounds as prospective AVC therapeutics. RESULTS A total of 78 strong DEGs were identified. The leukocyte migration and pid integrin 1 pathways were highly enriched for AVC-specific DEGs. CXCL16, GPM6A, BEX2, S100A9, and SCARA5 genes were all regarded diagnostic markers for AVC. The model was effectively constructed using a molecular diagnostic score system with significant diagnostic value (AUC = 0.987) and verified using the independent dataset GSE83453 (AUC = 0.986). Immune cell infiltration research revealed that B cell naive, B cell memory, plasma cells, NK cell activated, monocytes, and macrophage M0 may be involved in the development of AVC. Additionally, all diagnostic characteristics may have varying degrees of correlation with immune cells. The most promising small molecule medicines for reversing AVC gene expression are Doxazosin and Terfenadine. CONCLUSION It was identified that CXCL16, GPM6A, BEX2, S100A9, and SCARA5 are potentially beneficial for diagnosing and treating AVC. A diagnostic model was constructed based on a molecular prognostic score system using machine learning. The aforementioned immune cell infiltration may have a significant influence on the development and incidence of AVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shen Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tian-Chen Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Pu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu-Xin Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei-Chen Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ya-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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12
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Ortega-Rivera OA, Shin MD, Moreno-Gonzalez MA, Pokorski JK, Steinmetz NF. A single-dose Qβ VLP vaccine against S100A9 protein reduces atherosclerosis in a preclinical model. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022; 5:2200092. [PMID: 36570039 PMCID: PMC9783282 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The standard therapy for cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the administration of statins to reduce plasma cholesterol levels, but this requires lifelong treatment. We developed a CVD vaccine candidate that targets the pro-inflammatory mediator calprotectin by eliciting antibodies against the S100A9 protein. The vaccine, based on bacteriophage Qβ virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying S100A9 peptide epitopes, was formulated as a slow-release PLGA:VLP implant by hot-melt extrusion. The single-dose implant elicited S100A9-specific antibody titers comparable to a three-dose injection schedule with soluble VLPs. In an animal model of CVD (ApoE-/- mice fed on a high-fat diet), the implant reduced serum levels of calprotectin, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1, resulting in less severe aortic lesions. This novel implant was therefore able to attenuate atherosclerosis over a sustained period and offers a novel and promising strategy to replace the repetitive administration of statins for the treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A. Ortega-Rivera
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
| | - Matthew D. Shin
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
| | - Miguel A. Moreno-Gonzalez
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
| | - Jonathan K. Pokorski
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla CA 92039, USA
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Cofer LB, Barrett TJ, Berger JS. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Time for a Platelet-Guided Approach. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:1207-1216. [PMID: 36047408 PMCID: PMC9484763 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin protects against atherothrombosis while increasing the risk of major bleeding. Although it is widely used to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD), its benefit does not outweigh its risk for primary CVD prevention in large population settings. The recent United States Preventive Services Task Force guidelines on aspirin use to prevent CVD reflect this clinical tradeoff as well as the persistent struggle to define a population that would benefit from prophylactic aspirin therapy. Past clinical trials of primary CVD prevention with aspirin have not included consideration of a biomarker relevant to aspirin's mechanism of action, platelet inhibition. This approach is at odds with the paradigm used in other key areas of pharmacological CVD prevention, including antihypertensive and statin therapy, which combine cardiovascular risk assessment with the measurement of mechanistic biomarkers (eg, blood pressure and LDL [low-density lipoprotein]-cholesterol). Reliable methods for quantifying platelet activity, including light transmission aggregometry and platelet transcriptomics, exist and should be considered to identify individuals at elevated cardiovascular risk due to a hyperreactive platelet phenotype. Therefore, we propose a new, platelet-guided approach to the study of prophylactic aspirin therapy. We think that this new approach will reveal a population with hyperreactive platelets who will benefit most from primary CVD prevention with aspirin and usher in a new era of precision-guided antiplatelet therapy.
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14
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Sabetta A, Lombardi L, Stefanini L. Sex differences at the platelet-vascular interface. Intern Emerg Med 2022; 17:1267-1276. [PMID: 35576047 PMCID: PMC9352612 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-02994-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are multifunctional cells that ensure the integrity of the vascular wall and modulate the immune response at the blood/vascular interface. Their pathological activation results in both thrombosis and inflammation and implicates them in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Vascular diseases are sexually dimorphic in terms of incidence, clinical presentation, outcome, and efficacy of anti-platelet therapy. We here provide an overview of what is known about the role of platelets in the initiation and progression of vascular diseases and summarize what is known about the sex differences in platelet reactivity and in the thromboinflammatory mechanisms that drive these diseases, with a particular focus on atherosclerosis, obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke. Understanding the sex differences at the platelet-vascular interface is clinically relevant as it will enable: (1) to design new therapeutic strategies that prevent the detrimental effects of the immune-modulatory function of platelets taking sex into account, and (2) to evaluate if sex-specific anti-platelet drug regimens should be used to reduce the risk not only of thrombosis but also of vascular disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Sabetta
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università, 37, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Lombardi
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università, 37, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Stefanini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università, 37, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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15
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Michailidou D, Duvvuri B, Kuley R, Cuthbertson D, Grayson PC, Khalidi NA, Koening CL, Langford CA, McAlear CA, Moreland LW, Pagnoux C, Seo P, Specks U, Sreih AG, Warrington KJ, Mustelin T, Monach PA, Merkel PA, Lood C. Neutrophil activation in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis and large-vessel vasculitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:160. [PMID: 35768848 PMCID: PMC9241246 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02849-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess markers of neutrophil activation such as calprotectin and N-formyl methionine (fMET) in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) and large-vessel vasculitis (LVV). Methods Levels of fMET, and calprotectin, were measured in the plasma of healthy controls (n=30) and patients with AAV (granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, n=123), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA, n=61)), and LVV (Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK, n=58), giant cell arteritis (GCA, n=68)), at times of remission or flare. Disease activity was assessed by physician global assessment. In vitro neutrophil activation assays were performed in the presence or absence of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) inhibitor cyclosporine H. Results Levels of calprotectin, and fMET were elevated in patients with vasculitis as compared to healthy individuals. Levels of fMET correlated with markers of systemic inflammation: C-reactive protein (r=0.82, p<0.0001), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r=0.235, p<0.0001). The neutrophil activation marker, calprotectin was not associated with disease activity. Circulating levels of fMET were associated with neutrophil activation (p<0.01) and were able to induce de novo neutrophil activation via FPR1-mediated signaling. Conclusion Circulating fMET appears to propagate neutrophil activation in AAV and LVV. Inhibition of fMET-mediated FPR1 signaling could be a novel therapeutic intervention for systemic vasculitides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Michailidou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Bhargavi Duvvuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Runa Kuley
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - David Cuthbertson
- Health Informatics Institute, University of South Florida, South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Peter C Grayson
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institutes of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nader A Khalidi
- Division of Rheumatology, Mc Master University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Curry L Koening
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Carol A McAlear
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Larry W Moreland
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Philip Seo
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ulrich Specks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Antoine G Sreih
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Tomas Mustelin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Paul A Monach
- Division of Rheumatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter A Merkel
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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16
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Lin ZL, Liu YC, Gao YL, Chen XS, Wang CL, Shou ST, Chai YF. S100A9 and SOCS3 as diagnostic biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction and their association with immune infiltration. Gene 2022; 97:67-79. [PMID: 35675985 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death globally, with a mortality rate of over 20%. However, the diagnostic biomarkers frequently used in current clinical practice have limitations in both sensitivity and specificity, likely resulting in delayed diagnosis. This study aimed to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for AMI and explored the possible mechanisms involved. Datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus. First, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and preserved modules, from which we identified candidate genes by LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression and the SVM-RFE (support vector machine-recursive feature elimination) algorithm. Subsequently, we used ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the candidate genes. Thereafter, functional enrichment analysis and an analysis of immune infiltration were implemented. Finally, we assessed the association between biomarkers and biological processes, infiltrated cells, clinical traits, tissues and time points. We identified nine preserved modules containing 1,016 DEGs and managed to construct a diagnostic model with high accuracy (GSE48060: AUC = 0.923; GSE66360: AUC = 0.973) incorporating two genes named S100A9 and SOCS3. Functional analysis revealed the pivotal role of inflammation; immune infiltration analysis indicated that eight cell types (monocytes, epithelial cells, neutrophils, CD8+ T cells, Th2 cells, NK cells, NKT cells and platelets) were likely involved in AMI. Furthermore, we observed that S100A9 and SOCS3 were correlated with inflammation, variably infiltrated cells, clinical traits of patients, sampling tissues and sampling time points. In conclusion, we suggested S100A9 and SOCS3 as diagnostic biomarkers of AMI and discovered their association with inflammation, infiltrated immune cells and other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Liang Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Yan-Cun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Yu-Lei Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Xin-Sen Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Chao-Lan Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Song-Tao Shou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Yan-Fen Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
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Platelets Purification Is a Crucial Step for Transcriptomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063100. [PMID: 35328521 PMCID: PMC8953733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleate cells derived from the fragmentation of megakaryocytes and are involved in different biological processes especially hemostasis, thrombosis, and immune response. Despite their lack of nucleus, platelets contain a reservoir of megakaryocyte-derived RNAs and all the machinery useful for mRNA translation. Interestingly, platelet transcriptome was analyzed in health and diseases and led to the identification of disease-specific molecular signatures. Platelet contamination by leukocytes and erythrocytes during platelet purification is a major problem in transcriptomic analysis and the presence of few contaminants in platelet preparation could strongly alter transcriptome results. Since contaminant impacts on platelet transcriptome remains theoretical, we aimed to determine whether low leukocyte and erythrocyte contamination could cause great or only minor changes in platelet transcriptome. Using microarray technique, we compared the transcriptome of platelets from the same donor, purified by common centrifugation method or using magnetic microbeads to eliminate contaminating cells. We found that platelet transcriptome was greatly altered by contaminants, as the relative amount of 8274 transcripts was different between compared samples. We observed an increase of transcripts related to leukocytes and erythrocytes in platelet purified without microbeads, while platelet specific transcripts were falsely reduced. In conclusion, serious precautions should be taken during platelet purification process for transcriptomic analysis, in order to avoid platelets contamination and result alteration.
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Hematopoietic Progenitors and the Bone Marrow Niche Shape the Inflammatory Response and Contribute to Chronic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042234. [PMID: 35216355 PMCID: PMC8879433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well understood that the bone marrow (BM) compartment can sense systemic inflammatory signals and adapt through increased proliferation and lineage skewing. These coordinated and dynamic alterations in responding hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), as well as in cells of the bone marrow niche, are increasingly viewed as key contributors to the inflammatory response. Growth factors, cytokines, metabolites, microbial products, and other signals can cause dysregulation across the entire hematopoietic hierarchy, leading to lineage-skewing and even long-term functional adaptations in bone marrow progenitor cells. These alterations may play a central role in the chronicity of disease as well as the links between many common chronic disorders. The possible existence of a form of “memory” in bone marrow progenitor cells is thought to contribute to innate immune responses via the generation of trained immunity (also called innate immune memory). These findings highlight how hematopoietic progenitors dynamically adapt to meet the demand for innate immune cells and how this adaptive response may be beneficial or detrimental depending on the context. In this review, we will discuss the role of bone marrow progenitor cells and their microenvironment in shaping the scope and scale of the immune response in health and disease.
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Joshi A, Schmidt LE, Burnap SA, Lu R, Chan MV, Armstrong PC, Baig F, Gutmann C, Willeit P, Santer P, Barwari T, Theofilatos K, Kiechl S, Willeit J, Warner TD, Mathur A, Mayr M. Neutrophil-Derived Protein S100A8/A9 Alters the Platelet Proteome in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Is Associated With Changes in Platelet Reactivity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 42:49-62. [PMID: 34809447 PMCID: PMC8691374 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: Platelets are central to acute myocardial infarction (MI). How the platelet proteome is altered during MI is unknown. We sought to describe changes in the platelet proteome during MI and identify corresponding functional consequences. Approach and Results: Platelets from patients experiencing ST-segment–elevation MI (STEMI) before and 3 days after treatment (n=30) and matched patients with severe stable coronary artery disease before and 3 days after coronary artery bypass grafting (n=25) underwent quantitative proteomic analysis. Elevations in the proteins S100A8 and S100A9 were detected at the time of STEMI compared with stable coronary artery disease (S100A8: FC, 2.00; false discovery rate, 0.05; S100A9: FC, 2.28; false discovery rate, 0.005). During STEMI, only S100A8 mRNA and protein levels were correlated in platelets (R=0.46, P=0.012). To determine whether de novo protein synthesis occurs, activated platelets were incubated with 13C-labeled amino acids for 24 hours and analyzed by mass spectrometry. No incorporation was confidently detected. Platelet S100A8 and S100A9 was strongly correlated with neutrophil abundance at the time of STEMI. When isolated platelets and neutrophils were coincubated under quiescent and activated conditions, release of S100A8 from neutrophils resulted in uptake of S100A8 by platelets. Neutrophils released S100A8/A9 as free heterodimer, rather than in vesicles or extracellular traps. In the community-based Bruneck study (n=338), plasma S100A8/A9 was inversely associated with platelet reactivity—an effect abrogated by aspirin. Conclusions: Leukocyte-to-platelet protein transfer may occur in a thromboinflammatory environment such as STEMI. Plasma S100A8/A9 was negatively associated with platelet reactivity. These findings highlight neutrophils as potential modifiers for thrombotic therapies in coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Joshi
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.).,Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.J., A.M.)
| | - Lukas E Schmidt
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Sean A Burnap
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Ruifang Lu
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Melissa V Chan
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.V.C., P.C.A., T.D.W.)
| | - Paul C Armstrong
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.V.C., P.C.A., T.D.W.)
| | - Ferheen Baig
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Clemens Gutmann
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (P.W., S.K., J.W.)
| | - Peter Santer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bruneck Hospital, Italy (P.S.)
| | - Temo Barwari
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Konstantinos Theofilatos
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (P.W., S.K., J.W.).,Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Austria (S.K., J.W.)
| | - Johann Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (P.W., S.K., J.W.).,Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Austria (S.K., J.W.)
| | - Timothy D Warner
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.V.C., P.C.A., T.D.W.)
| | - Anthony Mathur
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.J., A.M.)
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.).,Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, Queen Mary's University, London, United Kingdom (A.M.)
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20
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Talley S, Valiauga R, Anderson L, Cannon AR, Choudhry MA, Campbell EM. DSS-induced inflammation in the colon drives a proinflammatory signature in the brain that is ameliorated by prophylactic treatment with the S100A9 inhibitor paquinimod. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:263. [PMID: 34758843 PMCID: PMC8578918 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is established to drive pathological sequelae in organ systems outside the intestine, including the central nervous system (CNS). Many patients exhibit cognitive deficits, particularly during disease flare. The connection between colonic inflammation and neuroinflammation remains unclear and characterization of the neuroinflammatory phenotype in the brain during colitis is ill-defined. Methods Transgenic mice expressing a bioluminescent reporter of active caspase-1 were treated with 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 7 days to induce acute colitis, and colonic, systemic and neuroinflammation were assessed. In some experiments, mice were prophylactically treated with paquinimod (ABR-215757) to inhibit S100A9 inflammatory signaling. As a positive control for peripheral-induced neuroinflammation, mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Colonic, systemic and brain inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured by cytokine bead array (CBA) and Proteome profiler mouse cytokine array. Bioluminescence was quantified in the brain and caspase activation was confirmed by immunoblot. Immune cell infiltration into the CNS was measured by flow cytometry, while light sheet microscopy was used to monitor changes in resident microglia localization in intact brains during DSS or LPS-induced neuroinflammation. RNA sequencing was performed to identify transcriptomic changes occurring in the CNS of DSS-treated mice. Expression of inflammatory biomarkers were quantified in the brain and serum by qRT-PCR, ELISA and WB. Results DSS-treated mice exhibited clinical hallmarks of colitis, including weight loss, colonic shortening and inflammation in the colon. We also detected a significant increase in inflammatory cytokines in the serum and brain, as well as caspase and microglia activation in the brain of mice with ongoing colitis. RNA sequencing of brains isolated from DSS-treated mice revealed differential expression of genes involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. This inflammatory phenotype was similar to the signature detected in LPS-treated mice, albeit less robust and transient, as inflammatory gene expression returned to baseline following cessation of DSS. Pharmacological inhibition of S100A9, one of the transcripts identified by RNA sequencing, attenuated colitis severity and systemic and neuroinflammation. Conclusions Our findings suggest that local inflammation in the colon drives systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation, and this can be ameliorated by inhibition of the S100 alarmin, S100A9. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02317-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Talley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Rasa Valiauga
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Lillian Anderson
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Science Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Abigail R Cannon
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Science Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Mashkoor A Choudhry
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Science Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Edward M Campbell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA. .,Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
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21
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Zelko IN, Dassanayaka S, Malovichko MV, Howard CM, Garrett LF, Uchida S, Brittian KR, Conklin DJ, Jones SP, Srivastava S. Chronic Benzene Exposure Aggravates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction. Toxicol Sci 2021; 185:64-76. [PMID: 34718823 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzene is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant abundant in household products, petrochemicals and cigarette smoke. Benzene is a well-known carcinogen in humans and experimental animals; however, little is known about the cardiovascular toxicity of benzene. Recent population-based studies indicate that benzene exposure is associated with an increased risk for heart failure. Nonetheless, it is unclear whether benzene exposure is sufficient to induce and/or exacerbate heart failure. We examined the effects of benzene (50 ppm, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, 6 weeks) or HEPA-filtered air exposure on transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced pressure overload in male C57BL/6J mice. Our data show that benzene exposure had no effect on cardiac function in the Sham group; however, it significantly compromised cardiac function as depicted by a significant decrease in fractional shortening and ejection fraction, as compared with TAC/Air-exposed mice. RNA-seq analysis of the cardiac tissue from the TAC/benzene-exposed mice showed a significant increase in several genes associated with adhesion molecules, cell-cell adhesion, inflammation, and stress response. In particular, neutrophils were implicated in our unbiased analyses. Indeed, immunofluorescence studies showed that TAC/benzene exposure promotes infiltration of CD11b+/S100A8+/myeloperoxidase+-positive neutrophils in the hearts by 3-fold. In vitro, the benzene metabolites, hydroquinone and catechol, induced the expression of P-selectin in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells by 5-fold and increased the adhesion of neutrophils to these endothelial cells by 1.5-2.0-fold. Benzene metabolite-induced adhesion of neutrophils to the endothelial cells was attenuated by anti-P-selectin antibody. Together, these data suggest that benzene exacerbates heart failure by promoting endothelial activation and neutrophil recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor N Zelko
- University of Louisville Superfund Research Center.,Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Envirome Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Sujith Dassanayaka
- Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Marina V Malovichko
- University of Louisville Superfund Research Center.,Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Envirome Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Caitlin M Howard
- Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Envirome Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Lauren F Garrett
- Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Envirome Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Kenneth R Brittian
- Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Envirome Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- University of Louisville Superfund Research Center.,Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Envirome Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Steven P Jones
- Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Envirome Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Sanjay Srivastava
- University of Louisville Superfund Research Center.,Diabetes and Obesity Center.,Envirome Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
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22
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Barrett TJ, Cornwell M, Myndzar K, Rolling CC, Xia Y, Drenkova K, Biebuyck A, Fields AT, Tawil M, Luttrell-Williams E, Yuriditsky E, Smith G, Cotzia P, Neal MD, Kornblith LZ, Pittaluga S, Rapkiewicz AV, Burgess HM, Mohr I, Stapleford KA, Voora D, Ruggles K, Hochman J, Berger JS. Platelets amplify endotheliopathy in COVID-19. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabh2434. [PMID: 34516880 PMCID: PMC8442885 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Given the evidence for a hyperactive platelet phenotype in COVID-19, we investigated effector cell properties of COVID-19 platelets on endothelial cells (ECs). Integration of EC and platelet RNA sequencing revealed that platelet-released factors in COVID-19 promote an inflammatory hypercoagulable endotheliopathy. We identified S100A8 and S100A9 as transcripts enriched in COVID-19 platelets and were induced by megakaryocyte infection with SARS-CoV-2. Consistent with increased gene expression, the heterodimer protein product of S100A8/A9, myeloid-related protein (MRP) 8/14, was released to a greater extent by platelets from COVID-19 patients relative to controls. We demonstrate that platelet-derived MRP8/14 activates ECs, promotes an inflammatory hypercoagulable phenotype, and is a significant contributor to poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Last, we present evidence that targeting platelet P2Y12 represents a promising candidate to reduce proinflammatory platelet-endothelial interactions. Together, these findings demonstrate a previously unappreciated role for platelets and their activation-induced endotheliopathy in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J. Barrett
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - MacIntosh Cornwell
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khrystyna Myndzar
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christina C. Rolling
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuhe Xia
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kamelia Drenkova
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antoine Biebuyck
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander T. Fields
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Tawil
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Eugene Yuriditsky
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Grace Smith
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paolo Cotzia
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Biospecimen Research, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew D. Neal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lucy Z. Kornblith
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amy V. Rapkiewicz
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Long Island Hospital, New York University Langone Health, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - Hannah M. Burgess
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ian Mohr
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Deepak Voora
- Department of Medicine, Duke Center for Applied Genomics & Precision Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kelly Ruggles
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Hochman
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Berger
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
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23
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Xie Y, Wang Y, Zhao L, Wang F, Fang J. Identification of potential biomarkers and immune cell infiltration in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using bioinformatics strategy. Bioengineered 2021; 12:2890-2905. [PMID: 34227921 PMCID: PMC8806781 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1937906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was considered a fatal disease resulting in high morbidity and mortality; platelet activation or aggregation plays a critical role in participating in the pathogenesis of AMI. The current study aimed to reveal the underlying mechanisms of platelets in the confrontation of AMI and potential biomarkers that separate AMI from other cardiovascular diseases and healthy people with bioinformatic strategies. Immunity analysis revealed that the neutrophil was significantly decreased in patients with SCAD compared with patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or healthy controls; monocytes and neutrophils showed potential in distinguishing patients with STEMI from patients with SCAD. Six differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed great performances in differentiating STEMI patients from SCAD patients with AUC greater than 0.9. Correlation analysis showed that these six DEGs were significantly positively correlated with neutrophils; three genes were negatively correlated with monocytes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) found that module ‘royalblue’ had the highest correlation with STEMI; genes in STEMI-related module were enriched in cell–cell interactions, blood vessels’ biological processes, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway; four genes (FN1, CD34, LPL, and WWTR1) represented the capability of identifying patients with STEMI from healthy controls and patients with SCAD; two genes (ARG1 and NAMPTL) were considered as novel biomarkers for identifying STEMI from SCAD; FN1 represented the potential as a novel biomarker for STEMI. Our findings indicated that the distribution of neutrophils could be considered as a potential molecular trait for separating patients with STEMI from SCAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xie
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linjun Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinyan Fang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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24
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Park J, Wen AM, Gao H, Shin MD, Simon DI, Wang Y, Steinmetz NF. Designing S100A9-Targeted Plant Virus Nanoparticles to Target Deep Vein Thrombosis. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2582-2594. [PMID: 34060817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Thromboembolic conditions are a leading cause of death worldwide, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), or occlusive venous clot formation, is a critical and rising problem that contributes to damage of vital organs, long-term complications, and life-threatening conditions such as pulmonary embolism. Early diagnosis and treatment are correlated to better prognosis. However, current technologies in these areas, such as ultrasonography for diagnostics and anticoagulants for treatment, are limited in terms of their accuracy and therapeutic windows. In this work, we investigated targeting myeloid related protein 14 (MRP-14, also known as S100A9) using plant virus-based nanoparticle carriers as a means to achieve tissue specificity aiding prognosis and therapeutic intervention. We used a combinatorial peptide library screen to identify peptide ligands that bind MRP-14. Candidates were selected and formulated as nanoparticles by using cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Intravascular delivery of our MRP-14-targeted nanoparticles in a murine model of DVT resulted in enhanced accumulation in the thrombi and reduced thrombus size, suggesting application of nanoparticles for molecular targeting of MRP-14 could be a promising direction for improving DVT diagnostics, therapeutics, and therefore prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooneon Park
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Amy M Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Huiyun Gao
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Matthew D Shin
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Daniel I Simon
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Yunmei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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25
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Gutmann C, Joshi A, Zampetaki A, Mayr M. The Landscape of Coding and Noncoding RNAs in Platelets. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1200-1216. [PMID: 32460515 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Levels of platelet noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are altered by disease, and ncRNAs may exert functions inside and outside of platelets. Their role in physiologic hemostasis and pathologic thrombosis remains to be explored. Recent Advances: The number of RNA classes identified in platelets has been growing since the past decade. Apart from coding messenger RNAs, the RNA landscape in platelets comprises ncRNAs such as microRNAs, circular RNAs, long ncRNAs, YRNAs, and potentially environmentally derived exogenous ncRNAs. Recent research has focused on the function of platelet RNAs beyond platelets, mediated through protective RNA shuttles or even cellular uptake of entire platelets. Multiple studies have also explored the potential of platelet RNAs as novel biomarkers. Critical Issues: Platelet preparations can contain contaminating leukocytes. Even few leukocytes may contribute a substantial amount of RNA. As biomarkers, platelet RNAs have shown associations with platelet activation, but it remains to be seen whether their measurements could improve diagnostics. It also needs to be clarified whether platelet RNAs influence processes beyond platelets. Future Directions: Technological advances such as single-cell RNA-sequencing might help to identify hyperreactive platelet subpopulations on a single-platelet level, avoid the common problem of leukocyte contamination in platelet preparations, and allow simultaneous profiling of native megakaryocytes and their platelet progeny to clarify to what extent the platelet RNA content reflects their megakaryocyte precursors or changes in the circulation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 1200-1216.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Gutmann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Zampetaki
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Şenöz O, Emren SV, Erseçgin A, Yapan Emren Z, Gül İ. Platelet-Lymphocyte ratio is a predictor for the development of no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after thrombus aspiration. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23795. [PMID: 33945171 PMCID: PMC8183944 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKROUND We aimed to evaluate the utility of the preprocedural platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for predicting the no-reflow phenomenon after thrombus aspiration during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHOD We retrospectively analyzed postprocedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grades and myocardial blush grades (MBG) of 247 patients who underwent a PCI procedure with thrombus aspiration.We divided these patients into two groups according to whether they had no-reflow (TIMI < 3, MBG < 2) or not (TIMI 3, MBG ≥ 2). RESULTS No-reflow developed in 43 (17%) patients.Preprocedural PLR was significantly higher in the no-reflow group (183.76 ± 56.65 vs 118.32 ± 50.42 p < 0.001).Independent predictors of no-reflow were as follows: higher preprocedural platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (OR = 1.018; 95% CI = 1.004, 1.033; p = 0.013),mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (OR = 1.118; 95% CI = 1.024, 1.220; p = 0.012) and SYNTAX Score-2 (OR = 1.073; 95% CI = 1.005, 1.146; p = 0.036). PLR of 144 had 79% sensitivity and 75% specificity for the prediction of no-reflow. CONCLUSION PLR is a reliable predictor for no-reflow in STEMI patients undergoing thrombus aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Şenöz
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırcay University Cigli Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sadık Volkan Emren
- Department of Cardiology, Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Erseçgin
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırcay University Cigli Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Yapan Emren
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırcay University Cigli Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - İlker Gül
- Department of Cardiology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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27
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Stahl LS, Roth J, Rudack C, McNally A, Weber J, Vogl T, Spiekermann C. Evaluation of the QUANTUM BLUE sCAL rapid test as a point of care tool to identify patients with peritonsillar abscess. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4497. [PMID: 33627801 PMCID: PMC7904841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
S100A8/A9 (Calprotectin) serves as a biomarker for various inflammatory diseases, such as for peritonsillar abscess (PTA). Recently, the PTA score was developed for reliable PTA identification. It uses a combination of characteristic clinical symptoms and elevated calprotectin levels in serum and saliva to determine this score. Although well-established point-of-care tests (POCT) to determine serum or faecal calprotectin levels exist, a reliable and rapid tool to analyse salivary calprotectin has not yet been described. In this study, we analysed the potential of the QUANTUM BLUE sCAL Test (QBT, BÜHLMANN Laboratories AG, Switzerland) to determine S100A8/A9 levels during outpatient management. These QBT measurements are combined with other clinical factors to determine the PTA score. Significantly higher calprotectin levels were determined by QBT in patients with PTA compared to healthy controls. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the QBT revealed cut-off values of 2940 ng/ml (sensitivity = 0.88, specificity = 0.78) in serum and 5310 ng/ml (sensitivity = 0.80, specificity = 0.50) in saliva. By adding the QBT results to determine PTA values, a ROC analysis provided a statistical cut-off score of 2.5 points to identify the existence of a PTA with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 89.3%. The QUANTUM BLUE sCAL Test (QBT) is an appropriate POCT to determine serum and salivary calprotectin levels. Thus, PTA scores can be determined within a short time frame by applying the QBT during outpatient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea-Sophie Stahl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstr. 21, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Claudia Rudack
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Annika McNally
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstr. 21, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jakob Weber
- BÜHLMANN Laboratories AG, 4124, Schönenbuch, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstr. 21, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Spiekermann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstr. 21, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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28
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Hovstadius H, Lundgren D, Karling P. Elevated Faecal Calprotectin in Patients with a Normal Colonoscopy: Does It Matter in Clinical Practice? A Retrospective Observational Study. Inflamm Intest Dis 2021; 6:101-108. [PMID: 34124181 DOI: 10.1159/000513473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Faecal calprotectin (FC) is commonly used as a diagnostic tool for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. However, there is uncertainty in daily clinical practice how to interpret an elevated FC in patients with a normal colonoscopy. We investigated if patients with a normal colonoscopy but with an elevated FC more often were diagnosed with a GI disease in a 3-year follow-up period. Methods Patients referred for colonoscopy (n = 1,263) to the Umeå University Hospital endoscopy unit between 2007 and 2013 performed a FC test (CALPRO®) on the day before bowel preparation. A medical chart review was performed on all patients who had normal findings on their colonoscopy (n = 585, median age 64 years). Results Thirty-four percent of the patients (n = 202) with normal colonoscopy had elevated FC (>50 μg/g), and these patients were more frequently diagnosed with upper GI disease during the follow-up period than patients with normal FC levels (9.9 vs. 4.7%; p = 0.015). The upper GI diseases were mainly benign (i.e., gastritis). In a binary logistic regression analysis controlling for age, gender, nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug use, and proton-pump inhibitor use, there was no difference for a new diagnosis of upper GI disease in the follow-up period (multivariate OR 1.70; 95% CI: 0.77-3.74). There was no difference in a new diagnosis of lower GI disease (6.4 vs. 5.2%; p = 0.545) or cardiovascular disease/death (multivariate OR 1.68; 95% CI: 0.83-3.42) in the follow-up period between patients with elevated versus normal FC levels. Conclusions In patients with a normal colonoscopy, a simultaneously measured increased FC level was not associated with an increased risk for significant GI disease during a follow-up period of 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Hovstadius
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - David Lundgren
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pontus Karling
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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29
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Overmyer KA, Shishkova E, Miller IJ, Balnis J, Bernstein MN, Peters-Clarke TM, Meyer JG, Quan Q, Muehlbauer LK, Trujillo EA, He Y, Chopra A, Chieng HC, Tiwari A, Judson MA, Paulson B, Brademan DR, Zhu Y, Serrano LR, Linke V, Drake LA, Adam AP, Schwartz BS, Singer HA, Swanson S, Mosher DF, Stewart R, Coon JJ, Jaitovich A. Large-Scale Multi-omic Analysis of COVID-19 Severity. Cell Syst 2021; 12:23-40.e7. [PMID: 33096026 PMCID: PMC7543711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We performed RNA-seq and high-resolution mass spectrometry on 128 blood samples from COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative patients with diverse disease severities and outcomes. Quantified transcripts, proteins, metabolites, and lipids were associated with clinical outcomes in a curated relational database, uniquely enabling systems analysis and cross-ome correlations to molecules and patient prognoses. We mapped 219 molecular features with high significance to COVID-19 status and severity, many of which were involved in complement activation, dysregulated lipid transport, and neutrophil activation. We identified sets of covarying molecules, e.g., protein gelsolin and metabolite citrate or plasmalogens and apolipoproteins, offering pathophysiological insights and therapeutic suggestions. The observed dysregulation of platelet function, blood coagulation, acute phase response, and endotheliopathy further illuminated the unique COVID-19 phenotype. We present a web-based tool (covid-omics.app) enabling interactive exploration of our compendium and illustrate its utility through a machine learning approach for prediction of COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Overmyer
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Evgenia Shishkova
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Ian J Miller
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Joseph Balnis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | | | - Trenton M Peters-Clarke
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Jesse G Meyer
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Qiuwen Quan
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Laura K Muehlbauer
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Edna A Trujillo
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Yuchen He
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Amit Chopra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Hau C Chieng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Anupama Tiwari
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Marc A Judson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Brett Paulson
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Dain R Brademan
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Yunyun Zhu
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Lia R Serrano
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Vanessa Linke
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Lisa A Drake
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Alejandro P Adam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | | | - Harold A Singer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Scott Swanson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Deane F Mosher
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Ron Stewart
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA.
| | - Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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Determination of Major Endogenous FAHFAs in Healthy Human Circulation: The Correlations with Several Circulating Cardiovascular-Related Biomarkers and Anti-Inflammatory Effects on RAW 264.7 Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121689. [PMID: 33348748 PMCID: PMC7766943 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are newly discovered long-chain fatty acids. However, the major endogenous FAHFAs in healthy human circulation, their correlation with cardiovascular (CV) biomarkers, and their anti-inflammatory effects have not been investigated and remain unclear. In the present study, a total of 57 healthy subjects were recruited. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven FAHFAs, four long-chain fatty acids, and four non-traditional circulating CV-related biomarkers. We found two major types of FAHFAs in healthy human circulation, palmitoleic acid ester of 9-hydroxystearic acid (9-POHSA), and oleic acid ester of 9-hydroxystearic acid (9-OAHSA). Both 9-POHSA and 9-OAHSA had a strong positive correlation with each other and were negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose, S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH), and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), but not with l-homocysteine. 9-POHSA was also positively correlated with l-carnitine. Moreover, we confirmed that both 9-POHSA and 9-OAHSA exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing LPS stimulated cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, palmitoleic acid also had a positive correlation with 9-POHSA and 9-OAHSA. As far as we know, this is the first report showing the major endogenous FAHFAs in healthy subjects and their CV protection potential which might be correlated with SAH and TMAO reduction, l-Carnitine elevation, and their anti-inflammatory effects.
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31
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Multifaceted Functions of Platelets in Cancer: From Tumorigenesis to Liquid Biopsy Tool and Drug Delivery System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249585. [PMID: 33339204 PMCID: PMC7765591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets contribute to several types of cancer through plenty of mechanisms. Upon activation, platelets release many molecules, including growth and angiogenic factors, lipids, and extracellular vesicles, and activate numerous cell types, including vascular and immune cells, fibroblasts, and cancer cells. Hence, platelets are a crucial component of cell-cell communication. In particular, their interaction with cancer cells can enhance their malignancy and facilitate the invasion and colonization of distant organs. These findings suggest the use of antiplatelet agents to restrain cancer development and progression. Another peculiarity of platelets is their capability to uptake proteins and transcripts from the circulation. Thus, cancer-patient platelets show specific proteomic and transcriptomic expression patterns, a phenomenon called tumor-educated platelets (TEP). The transcriptomic/proteomic profile of platelets can provide information for the early detection of cancer and disease monitoring. Platelet ability to interact with tumor cells and transfer their molecular cargo has been exploited to design platelet-mediated drug delivery systems to enhance the efficacy and reduce toxicity often associated with traditional chemotherapy. Platelets are extraordinary cells with many functions whose exploitation will improve cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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32
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Cai Z, Xie Q, Hu T, Yao Q, Zhao J, Wu Q, Tang Q. S100A8/A9 in Myocardial Infarction: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:603902. [PMID: 33282877 PMCID: PMC7688918 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.603902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), the main cause of cardiovascular-related deaths worldwide, has long been a hot topic because of its threat to public health. S100A8/A9 has recently attracted an increasing amount of interest as a crucial alarmin that regulates the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease after its release from myeloid cells. However, the role of S100A8/A9 in the etiology of MI is not well understood. Here, we elaborate on the critical roles and potential mechanisms of S100A8/A9 driving the pathogenesis of MI. First, cellular source of S100A8/A9 in infarcted heart is discussed. Then we highlight the effect of S100A8/A9 heterodimer in the early inflammatory period and the late reparative period of MI as well as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Moreover, the predictive value of S100A8/A9 for the risk of recurrence of cardiovascular events is elucidated. Therefore, this review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of S100A8/A9 in MI pathogenesis to provide a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhuLan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingwen Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongtong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
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33
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Park YE, Penumarthy R, Sun PP, Kang CY, Morel-Kopp MC, Downing J, Green TN, Immanuel T, Ward CM, Young D, During MJ, Barber PA, Kalev-Zylinska ML. Platelet-Reactive Antibodies in Patients after Ischaemic Stroke-An Epiphenomenon or a Natural Protective Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218398. [PMID: 33182365 PMCID: PMC7664941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic brain damage induces autoimmune responses, including the production of autoantibodies with potential neuroprotective effects. Platelets share unexplained similarities with neurons, and the formation of anti-platelet antibodies has been documented in neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-platelet antibodies in the peripheral blood of patients after ischaemic stroke and determine any clinical correlations. Using a flow cytometry-based platelet immunofluorescence method, we detected platelet-reactive antibodies in 15 of 48 (31%) stroke patients and two of 50 (4%) controls (p < 0.001). Western blotting revealed heterogeneous reactivities with platelet proteins, some of which overlapped with brain proteins. Stroke patients who carried anti-platelet antibodies presented with larger infarcts and more severe neurological dysfunction, which manifested as higher scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS; p = 0.009), but they had a greater recovery in the NIHSS by the time of hospital discharge (day 7 ± 2) compared with antibody-negative patients (p = 0.043). Antibodies from stroke sera reacted more strongly with activated platelets (p = 0.031) and inhibited platelet aggregation by up to 30.1 ± 2.8% (p < 0.001), suggesting the potential to interfere with thrombus formation. In conclusion, platelet-reactive antibodies can be found in patients soon after ischaemic stroke and correlate with better short-term outcomes, suggesting a potential novel mechanism limiting thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Park
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (Y.E.P.); (R.P.); (P.P.S.); (C.Y.K.); (T.N.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Rushi Penumarthy
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (Y.E.P.); (R.P.); (P.P.S.); (C.Y.K.); (T.N.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Paul P. Sun
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (Y.E.P.); (R.P.); (P.P.S.); (C.Y.K.); (T.N.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Caroline Y. Kang
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (Y.E.P.); (R.P.); (P.P.S.); (C.Y.K.); (T.N.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Marie-Christine Morel-Kopp
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney 2065, Australia; (M.-C.M.-K.); (C.M.W.)
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney 2065, Australia
| | | | - Taryn N. Green
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (Y.E.P.); (R.P.); (P.P.S.); (C.Y.K.); (T.N.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Tracey Immanuel
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (Y.E.P.); (R.P.); (P.P.S.); (C.Y.K.); (T.N.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Christopher M. Ward
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney 2065, Australia; (M.-C.M.-K.); (C.M.W.)
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney 2065, Australia
| | - Deborah Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (M.J.D.); (P.A.B.)
| | - Matthew J. During
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (M.J.D.); (P.A.B.)
- Departments of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - P. Alan Barber
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (M.J.D.); (P.A.B.)
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland 1148, New Zealand
| | - Maggie L. Kalev-Zylinska
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (Y.E.P.); (R.P.); (P.P.S.); (C.Y.K.); (T.N.G.); (T.I.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, LabPlus Haematology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland 1148, New Zealand
- Correspondence:
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Guo D, Zhu Z, Xu T, Zhong C, Wang A, Xie X, Peng Y, Peng H, Li Q, Ju Z, Geng D, Chen J, Liu L, Wang Y, Zhang Y, He J. Plasma S100A8/A9 Concentrations and Clinical Outcomes of Ischemic Stroke in 2 Independent Multicenter Cohorts. Clin Chem 2020; 66:706-717. [PMID: 32285094 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100A8/A9 is implicated in inflammation mechanisms related to atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability, but it remains unclear whether S100A8/A9 is associated with the prognosis of ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate these associations in 2 independent multicenter cohorts. METHODS Plasma S100A8/A9 concentrations at baseline were measured among 4785 patients with ischemic stroke from 2 independent cohorts: Infectious Factors, Inflammatory Markers, and Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke (IIPAIS) and China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke (CATIS). The primary outcome was a composite outcome of death or major disability at 3 months after ischemic stroke. Secondary outcomes were major disability, death, and a composite outcome of death or vascular events. RESULTS Among the combined participants of IIPAIS and CATIS, the adjusted odds ratios associated with the highest quartile of plasma S100A8/A9 were 2.11 (95% CI, 1.66-2.68) for the primary outcome and 1.62 (95% CI, 1.27-2.07) for the secondary outcome of major disability; adjusted hazard ratios were 4.14 (95% CI, 2.10-8.15) for the secondary outcome of death and 2.08 (95% CI, 1.38-3.13) for the composite outcome of death or vascular events. Each SD increase of log-transformed S100A8/A9 was associated with 28% (95% CI, 18%-39%; P < 0.001) increased risk of the primary outcome. Multivariable-adjusted spline regression analyses showed a linear association between plasma S100A8/A9 concentrations and primary outcome (P < 0.001 for linearity). Subgroup analyses further confirmed these associations. CONCLUSIONS High plasma S100A8/A9 concentrations at baseline were independently associated with increased risks of adverse clinical outcomes at 3 months after ischemic stroke, suggesting that S100A8/A9 might have a role as a prognostic marker of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoxia Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Zhengbao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Tan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chongke Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuewei Xie
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Peng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qunwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Ju
- Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Deqin Geng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA.,Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Liping Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA.,Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
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Best MG, Wurdinger T. Tumor-educated platelets for the earlier detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:794-795. [PMID: 32335046 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Myron G Best
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Sreejit G, Abdel Latif A, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. Emerging roles of neutrophil-borne S100A8/A9 in cardiovascular inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105212. [PMID: 32991974 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Elevated neutrophil count is associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiac events including myocardial infarction and early development of heart failure. Neutrophils contribute to cardiac damage through a number of mechanisms, including attraction of other immune cells and release of inflammatory mediators. Recently, a number of independent studies have reported a causal role for neutrophil-derived alarmins (i.e. S100A8/A9) in inducing inflammation and cardiac injury following myocardial infarction (MI). Furthermore, a positive correlation between serum S100A8/A9 levels and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in MI patients was also observed implying that targeting neutrophils or their inflammatory cargo could be beneficial in reducing heart failure. However, contradictory to this idea, neutrophils and neutrophil-derived S100A8/A9 also seem to play a vital role in the resolution of inflammation. Thus, a better understanding of how neutrophils balance these seemingly contrasting functions would allow us to develop effective therapies that preserve the inflammation-resolving function while restricting the damage caused by inflammation. In this review, we specifically discuss the mechanisms behind neutrophil-derived S100A8/A9 in promoting inflammation and resolution in the context of MI. We also provide a perspective on how neutrophils could be potentially targeted to ameliorate cardiac inflammation and the ensuing damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdel Latif
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Division of Immunometabolism, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Prabhakara R Nagareddy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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37
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Shi H, Zuo Y, Yalavarthi S, Gockman K, Zuo M, Madison JA, Blair C, Woodward W, Lezak SP, Lugogo NL, Woods RJ, Lood C, Knight JS, Kanthi Y. Neutrophil calprotectin identifies severe pulmonary disease in COVID-19. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:67-72. [PMID: 32869342 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3covcra0720-359r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are regularly complicated by respiratory failure. Although it has been suggested that elevated levels of blood neutrophils associate with worsening oxygenation in COVID-19, it is unknown whether neutrophils are drivers of the thrombo-inflammatory storm or simple bystanders. To better understand the potential role of neutrophils in COVID-19, we measured levels of the neutrophil activation marker S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) in hospitalized patients and determined its relationship to severity of illness and respiratory status. Patients with COVID-19 (n = 172) had markedly elevated levels of calprotectin in their blood. Calprotectin tracked with other acute phase reactants including C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and absolute neutrophil count, but was superior in identifying patients requiring mechanical ventilation. In longitudinal samples, calprotectin rose as oxygenation worsened. When tested on day 1 or 2 of hospitalization (n = 94 patients), calprotectin levels were significantly higher in patients who progressed to severe COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation (8039 ± 7031 ng/ml, n = 32) as compared to those who remained free of intubation (3365 ± 3146, P < 0.0001). In summary, serum calprotectin levels track closely with current and future COVID-19 severity, implicating neutrophils as potential perpetuators of inflammation and respiratory compromise in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zuo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Srilakshmi Yalavarthi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kelsey Gockman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Melanie Zuo
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jacqueline A Madison
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Blair
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Wrenn Woodward
- Michigan Clinical Research Unit, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sean P Lezak
- Michigan Clinical Research Unit, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Njira L Lugogo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Robert J Woods
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jason S Knight
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yogendra Kanthi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Laboratory of Vascular Thrombosis and Inflammation, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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38
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Overmyer KA, Shishkova E, Miller IJ, Balnis J, Bernstein MN, Peters-Clarke TM, Meyer JG, Quan Q, Muehlbauer LK, Trujillo EA, He Y, Chopra A, Chieng HC, Tiwari A, Judson MA, Paulson B, Brademan DR, Zhu Y, Serrano LR, Linke V, Drake LA, Adam AP, Schwartz BS, Singer HA, Swanson S, Mosher DF, Stewart R, Coon JJ, Jaitovich A. Large-scale Multi-omic Analysis of COVID-19 Severity. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2020:2020.07.17.20156513. [PMID: 32743614 PMCID: PMC7388490 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.17.20156513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We performed RNA-Seq and high-resolution mass spectrometry on 128 blood samples from COVID-19 positive and negative patients with diverse disease severities. Over 17,000 transcripts, proteins, metabolites, and lipids were quantified and associated with clinical outcomes in a curated relational database, uniquely enabling systems analysis and cross-ome correlations to molecules and patient prognoses. We mapped 219 molecular features with high significance to COVID-19 status and severity, many involved in complement activation, dysregulated lipid transport, and neutrophil activation. We identified sets of covarying molecules, e.g., protein gelsolin and metabolite citrate or plasmalogens and apolipoproteins, offering pathophysiological insights and therapeutic suggestions. The observed dysregulation of platelet function, blood coagulation, acute phase response, and endotheliopathy further illuminated the unique COVID-19 phenotype. We present a web-based tool (covid-omics.app) enabling interactive exploration of our compendium and illustrate its utility through a comparative analysis with published data and a machine learning approach for prediction of COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Overmyer
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Evgenia Shishkova
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Ian J. Miller
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Joseph Balnis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Trenton M. Peters-Clarke
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Jesse G. Meyer
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Qiuwen Quan
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Laura K. Muehlbauer
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Edna A. Trujillo
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Yuchen He
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Amit Chopra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Hau C. Chieng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Anupama Tiwari
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Marc A. Judson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Brett Paulson
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Dain R. Brademan
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Yunyun Zhu
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Lia R. Serrano
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Vanessa Linke
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Lisa A. Drake
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Alejandro P. Adam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Harold A. Singer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Scott Swanson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Deane F. Mosher
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Ron Stewart
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Joshua J. Coon
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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39
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Berg DD, Yeh RW, Mauri L, Morrow DA, Kereiakes DJ, Cutlip DE, Gao Q, Jarolim P, Michelson AD, Frelinger AL, Cange AL, Sabatine MS, O'Donoghue ML. Biomarkers of platelet activation and cardiovascular risk in the DAPT trial. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 51:675-681. [PMID: 32683645 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged use of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), but with increased bleeding. It remains unknown whether biomarkers of platelet activation may be useful for identifying patients at increased risk of MACE. The DAPT study was a randomized trial of 12 versus 30 months of DAPT in patients who underwent PCI. Serum biomarkers [myeloid-related protein (MRP)-8/14, P-selectin, soluble CD-40 ligand (sCD40L)] were assessed in 1399 patients early post-PCI. On-treatment platelet reactivity index (PRI) using VASP phosphorylation was assessed in 443 patients randomized to continued DAPT at 1 year. MACE was defined as CV death, MI, or ischemic stroke. Multivariable models were adjusted for baseline characteristics, index event, and stent type. A stepwise increase in the risk of MACE was observed with increasing tertiles of both MRP-8/14 and P-selectin (p-trend = 0.04 for both). After multivariable adjustment, the adjusted HR (95% CI) for MACE in patients in the top tertile was 1.94 (1.14-3.30) for MRP-8/14 and 1.62 (0.99-2.64) for P-selectin. In contrast, baseline sCD40L was not associated with CV risk. Among patients randomized to continued DAPT, higher on-treatment platelet reactivity was not significantly associated with risk of MACE (p-trend = 0.32; adj-HR T3 vs. T1 1.54, 95% CI 0.20-12.18) or bleeding (P-trend = 0.17; adj-HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.05-1.21). MRP-8/14 and soluble P-selectin may be useful for identifying patients at increased risk of MACE after PCI. The utility of on-treatment platelet function testing requires further study.Clinical Trial Registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier NCT00977938.
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Affiliation(s)
- David D Berg
- TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Robert W Yeh
- Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David A Morrow
- TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dean J Kereiakes
- The Christ Hospital Heart and Vascular Center, The Lindner Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Donald E Cutlip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- Baim Clinical Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Petr Jarolim
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan D Michelson
- Center for Platelet Research Studies, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew L Frelinger
- Center for Platelet Research Studies, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abby L Cange
- TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc S Sabatine
- TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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40
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Neutrophil calprotectin identifies severe pulmonary disease in COVID-19. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2020. [PMID: 32511540 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.06.20093070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are regularly complicated by respiratory failure. While it has been suggested that elevated levels of blood neutrophils associate with worsening oxygenation in COVID-19, it is unknown whether neutrophils are drivers of the thrombo-inflammatory storm or simple bystanders. To better understand the potential role of neutrophils in COVID-19, we measured levels of the neutrophil activation marker S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) in hospitalized patients and determined its relationship to severity of illness and respiratory status. Patients with COVID-19 (n=172) had markedly elevated levels of calprotectin in their blood. Calprotectin tracked with other acute phase reactants including C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and absolute neutrophil count, but was superior in identifying patients requiring mechanical ventilation. In longitudinal samples, calprotectin rose as oxygenation worsened. When tested on day 1 or 2 of hospitalization (n=94 patients), calprotectin levels were significantly higher in patients who progressed to severe COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation (8039 +/- 7031 ng/ml, n=32) as compared to those who remained free of intubation (3365 +/- 3146, p<0.0001). In summary, serum calprotectin levels track closely with current and future COVID-19 severity, implicating neutrophils as potential perpetuators of inflammation and respiratory compromise in COVID-19.
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41
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Vanhaverbeke M, Veltman D, Janssens S, Sinnaeve PR. Peripheral Blood RNAs and Left Ventricular Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction: Towards Translation into Clinical Practice. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2020; 14:213-221. [PMID: 32607873 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-020-10048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The treatment and early outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) have dramatically improved the past decades, but the incidence of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction post-MI remains high. Peripheral blood RNAs reflect pathophysiological changes during acute MI and the inflammatory process. Therefore, these RNAs are promising new markers to molecularly phenotype patients and improve the early identification of patients at risk of subsequent LV dysfunction. We here discuss the coding and long non-coding RNAs that can be measured in peripheral blood of patients with acute MI and list the advantages and limitations for implementation in clinical practice. Although some studies provide preliminary evidence of their diagnostic and prognostic potential, the use of these makers has not yet been implemented in clinical practice. The added value of RNAs to improve treatment and outcome remains to be determined in larger clinical studies. International consortia are now catalyzing renewed efforts to investigate novel RNAs that may improve post-MI outcome in a precision-medicine approach. Graphical Abstract Peripheral blood RNAs reflect the inflammatory changes in acute MI. A number of studies provide preliminary evidence of their prognostic potential, although the use of these makers has not yet been assessed in clinical practice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers/blood
- Clinical Decision-Making
- Humans
- Inflammation Mediators/blood
- Myocardial Infarction/blood
- Myocardial Infarction/complications
- Myocardial Infarction/genetics
- Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Untranslated/blood
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- Translational Research, Biomedical
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/blood
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/genetics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
- Ventricular Function, Left
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Vanhaverbeke
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Denise Veltman
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Janssens
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter R Sinnaeve
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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42
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Chung YH, Cai H, Steinmetz NF. Viral nanoparticles for drug delivery, imaging, immunotherapy, and theranostic applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 156:214-235. [PMID: 32603813 PMCID: PMC7320870 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) encompass a diverse array of naturally occurring nanomaterials derived from plant viruses, bacteriophages, and mammalian viruses. The application and development of VNPs and their genome-free versions, the virus-like particles (VLPs), for nanomedicine is a rapidly growing. VLPs can encapsulate a wide range of active ingredients as well as be genetically or chemically conjugated to targeting ligands to achieve tissue specificity. VLPs are manufactured through scalable fermentation or molecular farming, and the materials are biocompatible and biodegradable. These properties have led to a wide range of applications, including cancer therapies, immunotherapies, vaccines, antimicrobial therapies, cardiovascular therapies, gene therapies, as well as imaging and theranostics. The use of VLPs as drug delivery agents is evolving, and sufficient research must continuously be undertaken to translate these therapies to the clinic. This review highlights some of the novel research efforts currently underway in the VNP drug delivery field in achieving this greater goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hun Chung
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Department of Radiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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43
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Gutmann C, Joshi A, Mayr M. Platelet "-omics" in health and cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2020; 307:87-96. [PMID: 32646580 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The importance of platelets for cardiovascular disease was established as early as the 19th century. Their therapeutic inhibition stands alongside the biggest achievements in medicine. Still, certain aspects of platelet pathophysiology remain unclear. This includes platelet resistance to antiplatelet therapy and the contribution of platelets to vascular remodelling and extends beyond cardiovascular disease to haematological disorders and cancer. To address these gaps in our knowledge, a better understanding of the underlying molecular processes is needed. This will be enabled by technologies that capture dysregulated molecular processes and can integrate them into a broader network of biological systems. The advent of -omics technologies, such as mass spectrometry proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics; highly multiplexed affinity-based proteomics; microarray- or RNA-sequencing-(RNA-seq)-based transcriptomics, and most recently ribosome footprint-based translatomics, has enabled a more holistic understanding of platelet biology. Most of these methods have already been applied to platelets, and this review will summarise this information and discuss future developments in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Gutmann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom.
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44
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Kawakami R, Katsuki S, Travers R, Romero DC, Becker-Greene D, Passos LSA, Higashi H, Blaser MC, Sukhova GK, Buttigieg J, Kopriva D, Schmidt AM, Anderson DG, Singh SA, Cardoso L, Weinbaum S, Libby P, Aikawa M, Croce K, Aikawa E. S100A9-RAGE Axis Accelerates Formation of Macrophage-Mediated Extracellular Vesicle Microcalcification in Diabetes Mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1838-1853. [PMID: 32460581 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.314087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular calcification is a cardiovascular risk factor and accelerated in diabetes mellitus. Previous work has established a role for calcification-prone extracellular vesicles in promoting vascular calcification. However, the mechanisms by which diabetes mellitus provokes cardiovascular events remain incompletely understood. Our goal was to identify that increased S100A9 promotes the release of calcification-prone extracellular vesicles from human macrophages in diabetes mellitus. Approach and Results: Human primary macrophages exposed to high glucose (25 mmol/L) increased S100A9 secretion and the expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) protein. Recombinant S100A9 induced the expression of proinflammatory and osteogenic factors, as well as the number of extracellular vesicles with high calcific potential (alkaline phosphatase activity, P<0.001) in macrophages. Treatment with a RAGE antagonist or silencing with S100A9 siRNA in macrophages abolished these responses, suggesting that stimulation of the S100A9-RAGE axis by hyperglycemia favors a procalcific environment. We further showed that an imbalance between Nrf-2 (nuclear factor 2 erythroid related factor 2) and NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) pathways contributes to macrophage activation and promotes a procalcific environment. In addition, streptozotocin-induced diabetic Apoe-/-S100a9-/- mice and mice treated with S100a9 siRNA encapsulated in macrophage-targeted lipid nanoparticles showed decreased inflammation and microcalcification in atherosclerotic plaques, as gauged by molecular imaging and comprehensive histological analysis. In human carotid plaques, comparative proteomics in patients with diabetes mellitus and histological analysis showed that the S100A9-RAGE axis associates with osteogenic activity and the formation of microcalcification. CONCLUSIONS Under hyperglycemic conditions, macrophages release calcific extracellular vesicles through mechanisms involving the S100A9-RAGE axis, thus contributing to the formation of microcalcification within atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kawakami
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shunsuke Katsuki
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard Travers
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dayanna Carolina Romero
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dakota Becker-Greene
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Livia Silva Araujo Passos
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hideyuki Higashi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (H.H., M.C.B., S.A.S., M.A., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mark C Blaser
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (H.H., M.C.B., S.A.S., M.A., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Galina K Sukhova
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Josef Buttigieg
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada (J.B.)
| | - David Kopriva
- Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, Canada (D.K.)
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University (A.M.S.)
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- Institutes for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge (D.G.A.)
| | - Sasha A Singh
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (H.H., M.C.B., S.A.S., M.A., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Luis Cardoso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York (L.C., S.W.)
| | - Sheldon Weinbaum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York (L.C., S.W.)
| | - Peter Libby
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (H.H., M.C.B., S.A.S., M.A., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kevin Croce
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- From the Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (R.K., S.K., R.T., D.C.R., D.B.-G., L.S.A.P., G.K.S., P.L., M.A., K.C., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (H.H., M.C.B., S.A.S., M.A., E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Human Pathology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia (E.A.)
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45
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Sreejit G, Abdel-Latif A, Athmanathan B, Annabathula R, Dhyani A, Noothi SK, Quaife-Ryan GA, Al-Sharea A, Pernes G, Dragoljevic D, Lal H, Schroder K, Hanaoka BY, Raman C, Grant MB, Hudson JE, Smyth SS, Porrello ER, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. Neutrophil-Derived S100A8/A9 Amplify Granulopoiesis After Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 2020; 141:1080-1094. [PMID: 31941367 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.043833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers myelopoiesis, resulting in heightened production of neutrophils. However, the mechanisms that sustain their production and recruitment to the injured heart are unclear. METHODS Using a mouse model of the permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery and flow cytometry, we first characterized the temporal and spatial effects of MI on different myeloid cell types. We next performed global transcriptome analysis of different cardiac cell types within the infarct to identify the drivers of the acute inflammatory response and the underlying signaling pathways. Using a combination of genetic and pharmacological strategies, we identified the sequelae of events that led to MI-induced myelopoiesis. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. The association of early indexes of neutrophilia with major adverse cardiovascular events was studied in a cohort of patients with acute MI. RESULTS Induction of MI results in rapid recruitment of neutrophils to the infarct, where they release specific alarmins, S100A8 and S100A9. These alarmins bind to the Toll-like receptor 4 and prime the nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome in naïve neutrophils and promote interleukin-1β secretion. The released interleukin-1β interacts with its receptor (interleukin 1 receptor type 1) on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow and stimulates granulopoiesis in a cell-autonomous manner. Genetic or pharmacological strategies aimed at disruption of S100A8/A9 and their downstream signaling cascade suppress MI-induced granulopoiesis and improve cardiac function. Furthermore, in patients with acute coronary syndrome, higher neutrophil count on admission and after revascularization correlates positively with major adverse cardiovascular disease outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel evidence for the primary role of neutrophil-derived alarmins (S100A8/A9) in dictating the nature of the ensuing inflammatory response after myocardial injury. Therapeutic strategies aimed at disruption of S100A8/A9 signaling or their downstream mediators (eg, nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome, interleukin-1β) in neutrophils suppress granulopoiesis and may improve cardiac function in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Department of Surgery (G.S., B.A., P.R.N.), Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus.,Departments of Pathology (G.S., B.A., A.D., S.K.N., P.R.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (A.A.-L., R.A., S.S.S.)
| | - Baskaran Athmanathan
- Department of Surgery (G.S., B.A., P.R.N.), Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus.,Departments of Pathology (G.S., B.A., A.D., S.K.N., P.R.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Rahul Annabathula
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (A.A.-L., R.A., S.S.S.)
| | - Ashish Dhyani
- Departments of Pathology (G.S., B.A., A.D., S.K.N., P.R.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Sunil K Noothi
- Departments of Pathology (G.S., B.A., A.D., S.K.N., P.R.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.,Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (S.K.N., M.B.G.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Gregory A Quaife-Ryan
- School of Biomedical Sciences (G.A.Q.-R.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (G.A.Q.-R., J.E.H.)
| | - Annas Al-Sharea
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Division of Immunometabolism, Melbourne, Australia (A.A.-S., G.P., D.D., A.J.M.)
| | - Gerard Pernes
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Division of Immunometabolism, Melbourne, Australia (A.A.-S., G.P., D.D., A.J.M.)
| | - Dragana Dragoljevic
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Division of Immunometabolism, Melbourne, Australia (A.A.-S., G.P., D.D., A.J.M.)
| | - Hind Lal
- Medicine (H.L., B.Y.H., C.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Kate Schroder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB) (K.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.,IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research (K.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Beatriz Y Hanaoka
- Department of Medicine (B.Y.H.), Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus.,Medicine (H.L., B.Y.H., C.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Chander Raman
- Medicine (H.L., B.Y.H., C.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Maria B Grant
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (S.K.N., M.B.G.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - James E Hudson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (G.A.Q.-R., J.E.H.)
| | - Susan S Smyth
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (A.A.-L., R.A., S.S.S.)
| | - Enzo R Porrello
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (E.R.P.).,Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Australia (E.R.P.)
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Division of Immunometabolism, Melbourne, Australia (A.A.-S., G.P., D.D., A.J.M.).,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (A.J.M.)
| | - Prabhakara R Nagareddy
- Department of Surgery (G.S., B.A., P.R.N.), Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus.,Departments of Pathology (G.S., B.A., A.D., S.K.N., P.R.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham
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46
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Sreejit G, Flynn MC, Patil M, Krishnamurthy P, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. S100 family proteins in inflammation and beyond. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 98:173-231. [PMID: 32564786 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The S100 family proteins possess a variety of intracellular and extracellular functions. They interact with multiple receptors and signal transducers to regulate pathways that govern inflammation, cell differentiation, proliferation, energy metabolism, apoptosis, calcium homeostasis, cell cytoskeleton and microbial resistance. S100 proteins are also emerging as novel diagnostic markers for identifying and monitoring various diseases. Strategies aimed at targeting S100-mediated signaling pathways hold a great potential in developing novel therapeutics for multiple diseases. In this chapter, we aim to summarize the current knowledge about the role of S100 family proteins in health and disease with a major focus on their role in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle C Flynn
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mallikarjun Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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47
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Zandstra J, van de Geer A, Tanck MWT, van Stijn-Bringas Dimitriades D, Aarts CEM, Dietz SM, van Bruggen R, Schweintzger NA, Zenz W, Emonts M, Zavadska D, Pokorn M, Usuf E, Moll HA, Schlapbach LJ, Carrol ED, Paulus S, Tsolia M, Fink C, Yeung S, Shimizu C, Tremoulet A, Galassini R, Wright VJ, Martinón-Torres F, Herberg J, Burns J, Levin M, Kuijpers TW. Biomarkers for the Discrimination of Acute Kawasaki Disease From Infections in Childhood. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:355. [PMID: 32775314 PMCID: PMC7388698 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a vasculitis of early childhood mimicking several infectious diseases. Differentiation between KD and infectious diseases is essential as KD's most important complication-the development of coronary artery aneurysms (CAA)-can be largely avoided by timely treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). Currently, KD diagnosis is only based on clinical criteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether routine C-reactive protein (CRP) and additional inflammatory parameters myeloid-related protein 8/14 (MRP8/14 or S100A8/9) and human neutrophil-derived elastase (HNE) could distinguish KD from infectious diseases. Methods and Results: The cross-sectional study included KD patients and children with proven infections as well as febrile controls. Patients were recruited between July 2006 and December 2018 in Europe and USA. MRP8/14, CRP, and HNE were assessed for their discriminatory ability by multiple logistic regression analysis with backward selection and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. In the discovery cohort, the combination of MRP8/14+CRP discriminated KD patients (n = 48) from patients with infection (n = 105), with area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.88. The HNE values did not improve discrimination. The first validation cohort confirmed the predictive value of MRP8/14+CRP to discriminate acute KD patients (n = 26) from those with infections (n = 150), with an AUC of 0.78. The second validation cohort of acute KD patients (n = 25) and febrile controls (n = 50) showed an AUC of 0.72, which improved to 0.84 when HNE was included. Conclusion: When used in combination, the plasma markers MRP8/14, CRP, and HNE may assist in the discrimination of KD from both proven and suspected infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Zandstra
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annemarie van de Geer
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michael W T Tanck
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Diana van Stijn-Bringas Dimitriades
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cathelijn E M Aarts
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne M Dietz
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robin van Bruggen
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nina A Schweintzger
- Department of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Werner Zenz
- Department of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marieke Emonts
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Dace Zavadska
- Department of Pediatrics, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Marko Pokorn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Effua Usuf
- Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia (MRCG) at LSHTM, Serrekunda, Gambia
| | - Henriette A Moll
- Department of General Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luregn J Schlapbach
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Pediatric Critical Care Research Group, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Enitan D Carrol
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Stephane Paulus
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Tsolia
- Second Department of Pediatrics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Colin Fink
- Micropathology Ltd., University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Shunmay Yeung
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.,Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chisato Shimizu
- Kawasaki Disease Research Center, Rady's Children's Hospital-San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Adriana Tremoulet
- Kawasaki Disease Research Center, Rady's Children's Hospital-San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Rachel Galassini
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria J Wright
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jethro Herberg
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Burns
- Kawasaki Disease Research Center, Rady's Children's Hospital-San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Michael Levin
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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48
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Sighting acute myocardial infarction through platelet gene expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19574. [PMID: 31863085 PMCID: PMC6925116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is primarily due to coronary atherosclerotic plaque rupture and subsequent thrombus formation. Platelets play a key role in the genesis and progression of both atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Since platelets are anuclear cells that inherit their mRNA from megakaryocyte precursors and maintain it unchanged during their life span, gene expression profiling at the time of an acute myocardial infarction provides information concerning the platelet gene expression preceding the coronary event. In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), a gene-by-gene analysis of the platelet gene expression identified five differentially expressed genes: FKBP5, S100P, SAMSN1, CLEC4E and S100A12. The logistic regression model used to combine the gene expression in a STEMI vs healthy donors score showed an AUC of 0.95. The same five differentially expressed genes were externally validated using platelet gene expression data from patients with coronary atherosclerosis but without thrombosis. Platelet gene expression profile highlights five genes able to identify STEMI patients and to discriminate them in the background of atherosclerosis. Consequently, early signals of an imminent acute myocardial infarction are likely to be found by platelet gene expression profiling before the infarction occurs.
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49
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Liu M, Won Lee J, Jung S, Ji S, Choi Y. Ability of S100 proteins and matrix metalloproteinase-9 to identify periodontitis in a ligature-induced periodontitis dog model. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 47:182-192. [PMID: 31680280 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aimed to monitor the levels of selected salivary biomarkers during the development and treatment of periodontitis and to evaluate their ability to identify periodontitis in dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 15 beagle dogs were divided into a control group (no ligature), group 1 (ligature on six teeth), and group 2 (ligature on 12 teeth). The experimental periods consisted of 8 weeks of periodontitis induction and 4 weeks of treatment. Clinical measurements and the sampling of saliva were performed every 4 weeks. The levels of S100A8, S100A9, S100A8/A9, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS All experimental animals and two control animals developed periodontitis, which was successfully treated. All salivary biomarkers were significantly increased in periodontitis with high diagnostic power (c-index ≥ 0.944) and were able to identify animals with periodontitis on a single tooth. Whereas the levels of salivary S100A8/A9 recovered to levels in health, those of S100A8, S100A9, and MMP-9 in periodontitis stability remained significantly higher than in health. CONCLUSION Salivary S100A8, S100A9, S100A8/A9, and MMP-9 may be used for the screening of periodontitis in dogs, but with caution of other conditions that can affect their levels in saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soyoung Jung
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Ji
- Department of Periodontology, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Youngnim Choi
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Göran K Hansson
- Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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