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Singh M, Kumar A, Khanna NN, Laird JR, Nicolaides A, Faa G, Johri AM, Mantella LE, Fernandes JFE, Teji JS, Singh N, Fouda MM, Singh R, Sharma A, Kitas G, Rathore V, Singh IM, Tadepalli K, Al-Maini M, Isenovic ER, Chaturvedi S, Garg D, Paraskevas KI, Mikhailidis DP, Viswanathan V, Kalra MK, Ruzsa Z, Saba L, Laine AF, Bhatt DL, Suri JS. Artificial intelligence for cardiovascular disease risk assessment in personalised framework: a scoping review. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 73:102660. [PMID: 38846068 PMCID: PMC11154124 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The field of precision medicine endeavors to transform the healthcare industry by advancing individualised strategies for diagnosis, treatment modalities, and predictive assessments. This is achieved by utilizing extensive multidimensional biological datasets encompassing diverse components, such as an individual's genetic makeup, functional attributes, and environmental influences. Artificial intelligence (AI) systems, namely machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), have exhibited remarkable efficacy in predicting the potential occurrence of specific cancers and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods We conducted a comprehensive scoping review guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework. Our search strategy involved combining key terms related to CVD and AI using the Boolean operator AND. In August 2023, we conducted an extensive search across reputable scholarly databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and arXiv to gather relevant academic literature on personalised medicine for CVD. Subsequently, in January 2024, we extended our search to include internet search engines such as Google and various CVD websites. These searches were further updated in March 2024. Additionally, we reviewed the reference lists of the final selected research articles to identify any additional relevant literature. Findings A total of 2307 records were identified during the process of conducting the study, consisting of 564 entries from external sites like arXiv and 1743 records found through database searching. After 430 duplicate articles were eliminated, 1877 items that remained were screened for relevancy. In this stage, 1241 articles remained for additional review after 158 irrelevant articles and 478 articles with insufficient data were removed. 355 articles were eliminated for being inaccessible, 726 for being written in a language other than English, and 281 for not having undergone peer review. Consequently, 121 studies were deemed suitable for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis. At the intersection of CVD, AI, and precision medicine, we found important scientific findings in our scoping review. Intricate pattern extraction from large, complicated genetic datasets is a skill that AI algorithms excel at, allowing for accurate disease diagnosis and CVD risk prediction. Furthermore, these investigations have uncovered unique genetic biomarkers linked to CVD, providing insight into the workings of the disease and possible treatment avenues. The construction of more precise predictive models and personalised treatment plans based on the genetic profiles of individual patients has been made possible by the revolutionary advancement of CVD risk assessment through the integration of AI and genomics. Interpretation The systematic methodology employed ensured the thorough examination of available literature and the inclusion of relevant studies, contributing to the robustness and reliability of the study's findings. Our analysis stresses a crucial point in terms of the adaptability and versatility of AI solutions. AI algorithms designed in non-CVD domains such as in oncology, often include ideas and tactics that might be modified to address cardiovascular problems. Funding No funding received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasvi Singh
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA
- Bennett University, 201310, Greater Noida, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Bennett University, 201310, Greater Noida, India
| | - Narendra N. Khanna
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - John R. Laird
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Adventist Health St. Helena, St Helena, CA, 94574, USA
| | - Andrew Nicolaides
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre and University of Nicosia Medical School, Cyprus
| | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Amer M. Johri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Laura E. Mantella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jagjit S. Teji
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era Deemed to Be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Mostafa M. Fouda
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, 83209, USA
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22901, VA, USA
| | - George Kitas
- Academic Affairs, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, DY1, Dudley, UK
| | - Vijay Rathore
- Nephrology Department, Kaiser Permanente, Sacramento, CA, 95823, USA
| | - Inder M. Singh
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA
| | | | - Mustafa Al-Maini
- Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Institute, Toronto, ON, L4Z 4C4, Canada
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, National Institute of The Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 110010, Serbia
| | - Seemant Chaturvedi
- Department of Neurology & Stroke Program, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | | | | | - Zoltan Ruzsa
- Invasive Cardiology Division, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 40138, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrew F. Laine
- Departments of Biomedical and Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jasjit S. Suri
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, 83209, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Graphic Era Deemed to Be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
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El-Farahaty RM, Fouda O, EL-Deasty A, El-Gilany AH, Saied N. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ Pro12 ala polymorphism and risk of cerebral stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus egyptian patients. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:415-422. [PMID: 37255811 PMCID: PMC10225373 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to analyze the association of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) P12A (rs1801282) polymorphism with development of cerebral stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods We included 224 patients with diabetes, they were categorized into116 patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and 108 without IS, in addition to 148 healthy controls in this study. respectively. Anthropometric parameters and laboratory tests were measured. The polymorphism was detected by a PCR-RFLP method. Results A12 allele and A12 containing genotypes show significant higher percentage in patients with diabetes and IS in comparison to diabetes patients without IS (9.1 vs. 4.2%,16.4 vs7.4%; P = 0.044,0.044) with OR of 2.29 and 2. 449 respectively (95% CI: 1.024-5.115, 1.024-5.856) but does not withstand Bonferroni correction. Conclusion A12 containing genotypes and A12 allele are not associated with IR, diabetes and risk of IS development, however, significant higher BMI were observed in A12 allele carriers in the studied patients with diabetes as well as those with IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M. El-Farahaty
- Clinical Pathology department, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Elgomhouria St, 35516 Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Osama Fouda
- Internal Medicine department, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Elgomhouria St, 35516 Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Amany EL-Deasty
- Clinical Pathology department, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Elgomhouria St, 35516 Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Public health department, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Elgomhouria St, 35516 Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Narmin Saied
- Clinical Pathology department, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Elgomhouria St, 35516 Mansoura City, Egypt
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Jin X, Zhang L, Ji J, Ju T, Zhao J, Yuan Z. Network regression analysis in transcriptome-wide association studies. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:562. [PMID: 35933330 PMCID: PMC9356418 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs) have shown great promise in interpreting the findings from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and exploring the disease mechanisms, by integrating GWAS and eQTL mapping studies. Almost all TWAS methods only focus on one gene at a time, with exception of only two published multiple-gene methods nevertheless failing to account for the inter-dependence as well as the network structure among multiple genes, which may lead to power loss in TWAS analysis as complex disease often owe to multiple genes that interact with each other as a biological network. We therefore developed a Network Regression method in a two-stage TWAS framework (NeRiT) to detect whether a given network is associated with the traits of interest. NeRiT adopts the flexible Bayesian Dirichlet process regression to obtain the gene expression prediction weights in the first stage, uses pointwise mutual information to represent the general between-node correlation in the second stage and can effectively take the network structure among different gene nodes into account. RESULTS Comprehensive and realistic simulations indicated NeRiT had calibrated type I error control for testing both the node effect and edge effect, and yields higher power than the existed methods, especially in testing the edge effect. The results were consistent regardless of the GWAS sample size, the gene expression prediction model in the first step of TWAS, the network structure as well as the correlation pattern among different gene nodes. Real data applications through analyzing systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure from UK Biobank showed that NeRiT can simultaneously identify the trait-related nodes as well as the trait-related edges. CONCLUSIONS NeRiT is a powerful and efficient network regression method in TWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250003, Shandong, China
| | - Liye Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250003, Shandong, China
| | - Jiadong Ji
- Institute for Financial Studies, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Ju
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250003, Shandong, China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Zhongshang Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250003, Shandong, China.
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Corredor-Orlandelli D, Sambracos-Parrado S, Mantilla-García S, Tovar-Tirado J, Vega-Ramírez V, Mendoza-Ayús SD, Peña LC, Leal MF, Rodríguez-Carrillo J, León-Torres J, Pardo-Oviedo JM, Parra Abaunza K, Contreras Bravo NC, Ortega-Recalde O, Fonseca Mendoza DJ. Association between Paraoxonase-1 p.Q192R Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease susceptibility in the Colombian Population. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2021; 17:689-699. [PMID: 34764653 PMCID: PMC8573264 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s330766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), a glycoprotein associated with serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL), has a central role in metabolizing lipid peroxides, exhibiting antiatherogenic properties. The polymorphism p.Q192R has been previously associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility and clopidogrel response. Purpose We aimed at investigating the association of PON1 p.Q192R with CAD and clopidogrel response in Colombian population. Patients and Methods The study was conducted among 163 patients diagnosed with CAD and treated with clopidogrel. The allele frequencies for the PON1 192Q and 192R alleles were determined in cases and Latin-American controls obtained from the public database gnomAD (n = 17,711). Response to clopidogrel was determined by assessing the platelet function using the INNOVANCE PFA-200 System. We determined the association between PON1 p.Q192R polymorphism, increased susceptibility to CAD and high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) by using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) on four genetic models. Results The allele frequencies for the PON1 192Q and 192R alleles were 0.60 and 0.40, respectively. The allele distribution was found to be statistically different from the control group and other ethnic groups. The allele 192R was positively associated with decreased susceptibility to CAD under a dominant model (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42–0.8; P < 0.01). We found no association between the polymorphism and HPR. Conclusion We propose that PON1 p.Q192R is a potentially useful marker for CAD susceptibility in the Colombian population and lacks association with HPR under clopidogrel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Corredor-Orlandelli
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Sambracos-Parrado
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Mantilla-García
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Josué Tovar-Tirado
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Valentina Vega-Ramírez
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago David Mendoza-Ayús
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Catalina Peña
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Fernanda Leal
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juliana Rodríguez-Carrillo
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juanita León-Torres
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Nora Contreras Contreras Bravo
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar Ortega-Recalde
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Dora Janeth Fonseca Mendoza
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Smith MC, Baker JR, Gleaves E, Singh A, Kazimuddin M. Twinning: Coronary Artery Disease in Monozygotic Twins. Cureus 2021; 13:e16139. [PMID: 34367763 PMCID: PMC8330499 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a patient whose monozygotic twin brother suffered a fatal myocardial infarction at the age of 40. The patient presented with similar symptoms as his brother. Given the family history, ischemic evaluation was undertaken and revealed similar coronary anatomy and severe coronary artery disease (CAD). We review the current literature regarding genetic and environmental factors regarding coronary anatomy, locations of atherosclerotic lesions, and screening in twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Smith
- Cardiology, University of Kentucky, Bowling Green, USA
| | - John R Baker
- Cardiology, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Bowling Green, USA
| | - Evan Gleaves
- Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Bowling Green, USA
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Salazar P, Konda S, Sridhar A, Arbieva Z, Daviglus M, Darbar D, Rehman J. Common genetic variation in circadian clock genes are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in an African American and Hispanic/Latino cohort. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 34:100808. [PMID: 34141862 PMCID: PMC8188044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Misalignment of the internal circadian time with external physical time due to environmental factors or due to genetic variantion in circadian clock genes has been associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular risk factors. Common genetic variation in circadian genes in the United States have been identified predominantly in European ancestry individuals. We therefore examined the association between circadian clock single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Clock, Cry1, Cry2, Bmal1 and Per3 genes and cardiovascular risk factors in African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos. We analyzed 17 candidate circadian SNPs in 1,166 subjects who self-identified as African-American or Hispanic/Latino and were enrolled in the UIC Cohort of Patients, Family and Friends. We found significant differences in the minor allele frequencies between African American and Hispanic/Latino subjects. Our analyses also established ethnic-specific SNPs that are associated with cardiovascular risk factors. In Hispanic/Latinos, the rs6850524 in Clock was associated with increased risk for hypertension, meanwhile rs12649507, rs4864546, and rs4864548 reduced the risk, also rs8192440 (Cry1) reduced the risk for type 2 diabetes. In African Americans, the Clock rs1801260 and rs6850524 were negatively associated with the presence of obesity; Bmal1 rs11022775 reduced the risk for dyslipidemia; and the Cry2 rs2292912 increased the risk for dyslipidemia and diabetes. Genetic variations in candidate circadian-clock genes are associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in African-Americans and Hispanic/Latinos. Our findings may help to improve cardiovascular risk assessment as well as better understand how circadian misalignment impacts cardiovascular risk in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Salazar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sreenivas Konda
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arvind Sridhar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zarema Arbieva
- Genomics Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dawood Darbar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Corresponding authors at: The University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, RM. E403, Mailcode 868, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Jalees Rehman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Corresponding authors at: The University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, RM. E403, Mailcode 868, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Promoter polymorphisms in the lncRNA-MIAT gene associated with acute myocardial infarction in Chinese Han population: a case-control study. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222103. [PMID: 32090249 PMCID: PMC7040461 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) is one of the greatest causes of death and disability around the world, and has emerged as a major public health problem. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most serious type of CAD. Myocardial infarction (MI) association transcript (MIAT) has demonstrated that it plays an important role in AMI. PURPOSE To investigate the association between MIAT promoter polymorphisms and AMI in Chinese Han population. METHODS A total of 212 AMI patients and 218 healthy controls were recruited. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-MIAT promoter polymorphisms (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) were obtained using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing techniques. Chi-square test was used to analyze the allele and genotype frequencies of each SNP in two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association of each SNP with AMI. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype analysis were performed using SHEsis software. A JASPAR database search predicts transcription factors transition of linked polymorphism in MIAT promoter. RESULTS Ten SNPs were found, including rs56371714, rs55892869, rs151057042, rs2157598, rs150465374, rs5761664, rs8142890, rs5752375, rs9608515 and rs1055293700, whereas rs1055293700 was found only in the control group. Single and logistic regression analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between rs5752375 and rs9608515 polymorphisms and AMI, while other sites had no relationship with AMI. These MI association polymorphisms may change the binding sites with transcription factor. CONCLUSIONS The polymorphisms of lncRNA-MIAT promoter rs5752375 and rs9608515 were significantly associated with AMI in Chinese Han population. This result would be of clinical importance for the early diagnosis of AMI.
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Bourdon JL, Davies RA, Long EC. Four Actionable Bottlenecks and Potential Solutions to Translating Psychiatric Genetics Research: An Expert Review. Public Health Genomics 2020; 23:171-183. [PMID: 33147585 PMCID: PMC7854816 DOI: 10.1159/000510832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric genetics has had limited success in translational efforts. A thorough understanding of the present state of translation in this field will be useful in the facilitation and assessment of future translational progress. PURPOSE A narrative literature review was conducted. Combinations of 3 groups of terms were searched in EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The review occurred in multiple steps, including abstract collection, inclusion/exclusion criteria review, coding, and analysis of included papers. RESULTS One hundred and fourteen articles were analyzed for the narrative review. Across those, 4 bottlenecks were noted that, if addressed, may provide insights and help improve and increase translation in the field of psychiatric genetics. These 4 bottlenecks are emphasizing linear translational frameworks, relying on molecular genomic findings, prioritizing certain psychiatric disorders, and publishing more reviews than experiments. CONCLUSIONS These entwined bottlenecks are examined with one another. Awareness of these bottlenecks can inform stakeholders who work to translate and/or utilize psychiatric genetic information. Potential solutions include utilizing nonlinear translational frameworks as well as a wider array of psychiatric genetic information (e.g., family history and gene-environment interplay) in this area of research, expanding which psychiatric disorders are considered for translation, and when possible, conducting original research. Researchers are urged to consider how their research is translational in the context of the frameworks, genetic information, and psychiatric disorders discussed in this review. At a broader level, these efforts should be supported with translational efforts in funding and policy shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Bourdon
- Department of Psychiatry, Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA,
| | - Rachel A Davies
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Division of Behavioral Neuroscience and Psychiatric Disorders, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Long
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Assessing Stakeholder Perceptions of the Utility of Genetic Information for the Clinical Care of Mental Health Disorders: We Have a Will but Need to See the Way. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2020; 48:363-376. [PMID: 32564165 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-020-01058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Academic stakeholders' (primarily mental health researchers and clinicians) practices and attitudes related to the translation of genetic information into mental health care were assessed. A three-part survey was administered at two large, urban universities. Response frequencies were calculated. Participants (N = 64) reported moderate levels of translational practice, adequate levels of genetic knowledge, and variable levels of genetic competence. They held positive attitudes toward translating genetic information about mental health broadly but negative attitudes about the impact that such information would have on specific aspects of care. The current study lays the groundwork for further inquiry into translating genetic information to mental health care.
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Chen X, Zhang Z, Wang X, Chen Y, Wang C. NT5C2 Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease. Public Health Genomics 2020; 23:90-99. [PMID: 32541135 DOI: 10.1159/000507714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing studies have reported that 5'-nucleotidase cytosolic II (NT5C2) has a strong relationship with coronary heart disease (CHD) development. This study was designed to examine the relationship between NT5C2 polymorphisms and CHD in the Chinese Han population. METHODS We studied 501 CHD patients and 496 healthy controls from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University in Hainan Province, China. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NT5C2 were selected and genotyped using Agena MassARRAY technology. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using logistic regression after adjusting for age and gender. Stratification analysis was performed by age and gender in all individuals; we especially investigated the effects of NT5C2 SNPs on hypertension and diabetes among CHD patients. RESULTS rs2148198 of NT5C2 was strongly associated with an increased risk of CHD (allele: p = 0.045; codominant: p = 0.007; additive: p = 0.016). Stratified analysis revealed that rs2148198 was associated with increased CHD risk in individuals aged ≤61 years and males. For CHD patients, rs2148198 significantly affected the risk of hypertension and diabetes (p < 0.05). Further, rs79237883 of NT5C2 was associated with decreased susceptibility to hypertension in multiple genetic models for individuals with CHD (allele: p = 0.007; codominant: p = 0.001; dominant: p = 0.001; additive: p = 0.008). CONCLUSION This study reports the association of NT5C2 gene variants and CHD susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. Especially, NT5C2 rs2148198 was significantly associated with CHD risk in the subgroups of males, hypertension, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Chen
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zaozhang Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingfan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuewu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China,
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11
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Huang H, Wang Y, Wang X, Lei Y. Association of CYP4F2 and CTRP9 polymorphisms and serum selenium levels with coronary artery disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20494. [PMID: 32481463 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims to explore the interaction between serum selenium level and CYP4F2 and CTRP9 gene polymorphisms in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD).A total of 200 cases of CAD were selected from the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei, China, and 200 healthy subjects cases were served as controls. The polymorphism of CYP4F2 and CTRP9 gene was detected by Sanger sequencing, and the serum selenium level was measured by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry.The serum selenium level in the CAD group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The risk of CAD was decreased in the patients carrying the AA genotype in CYP4F2 rs3093135, while the frequency of the CC genotype of CTRP9 rs9553238 in CAD patients was higher than that in control subjects. Low serum selenium level and CTRP9 rs9553238 CC genotype play a positive role in the occurrence of CAD.The serum selenium level is negatively correlated with CAD. The polymorphism of the CYP4F2 rs3093135 and CTRP9 rs9553238 was significantly related to the susceptibility of CAD, and there is a synergistic effect between the serum selenium level and the CTRP9 rs9553238 CC genotype, which significantly increases the risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
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12
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In Search for Genes Related to Atherosclerosis and Dyslipidemia Using Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062097. [PMID: 32197550 PMCID: PMC7139774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic disease that affects large arteries and may lead to fatal consequences. According to current understanding, inflammation and lipid accumulation are the two key mechanisms of atherosclerosis development. Animal models based on genetically modified mice have been developed to investigate these aspects. One such model is low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor knockout (KO) mice (ldlr-/-), which are characterized by a moderate increase of plasma LDL cholesterol levels. Another widely used genetically modified mouse strain is apolipoprotein-E KO mice (apoE-/-) that lacks the primary lipoprotein required for the uptake of lipoproteins through the hepatic receptors, leading to even greater plasma cholesterol increase than in ldlr-/- mice. These and other animal models allowed for conducting genetic studies, such as genome-wide association studies, microarrays, and genotyping methods, which helped identifying more than 100 mutations that contribute to atherosclerosis development. However, translation of the results obtained in animal models for human situations was slow and challenging. At the same time, genetic studies conducted in humans were limited by low sample sizes and high heterogeneity in predictive subclinical phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the use of KO mice for identification of genes implicated in atherosclerosis and provide a list of genes involved in atherosclerosis-associated inflammatory pathways and their brief characteristics. Moreover, we discuss the approaches for candidate gene search in animals and humans and discuss the progress made in the field of epigenetic studies that appear to be promising for identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Corti A, Chiastra C, Colombo M, Garbey M, Migliavacca F, Casarin S. A fully coupled computational fluid dynamics – agent-based model of atherosclerotic plaque development: Multiscale modeling framework and parameter sensitivity analysis. Comput Biol Med 2020; 118:103623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Kuipers AL, Wojczynski MK, Barinas-Mitchell E, Minster RL, Wang L, Feitosa MF, Kulminski A, Thyagarajan B, Lee JH, Province MA, Newman AB, Zmuda JM. Genome-wide linkage analysis of carotid artery traits in exceptionally long-lived families. Atherosclerosis 2019; 291:19-26. [PMID: 31634740 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis develops with age and is partially controlled by genetics. Research to date has identified common variants with small effects on atherosclerosis related traits. We aimed to use family-based genome-wide linkage analysis to identify chromosomal regions potentially harboring rare variants with larger effects for atherosclerosis related traits. METHODS Participants included 2205 individuals from the Long Life Family Study (LLFS), which recruited families with exceptional longevity from Boston, New York, Pittsburgh, and Denmark. Participants underwent B-mode ultrasonography of the carotid arteries to measure intima-media thickness (IMT), inter-adventitial diameter (IAD), and plaque presence and severity. We conducted residual heritability and genome-wide linkage analyses adjusted for age, age2, sex, and field center using pedigree-based maximum-likelihood methods in SOLAR. RESULTS All carotid traits were significantly heritable with a range of 0.68 for IAD to 0.38 for IMT. We identified three chromosomal regions with linkage to IAD (3q13; max LOD 5.3), plaque severity (17q22-q23, max LOD 3.2), and plaque presence (17q24, max LOD 3.1). No common allelic variants within these linkage peaks were associated with the carotid artery traits. CONCLUSIONS We identified three chromosomal regions with evidence of linkage to carotid artery diameter and atherosclerotic plaque in exceptionally long-lived families. Since common allelic variants within our linkage peaks did not account for our findings, future follow-up resequencing of these regions in LLFS families should help advance our understanding of atherosclerosis, CVD, and healthy vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Kuipers
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Ryan L Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute, Departments of Epidemiology and Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph M Zmuda
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Krasi G, Precone V, Paolacci S, Stuppia L, Nodari S, Romeo F, Perrone M, Bushati V, Dautaj A, Bertelli M. Genetics and pharmacogenetics in the diagnosis and therapy of cardiovascular diseases. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2019; 90:7-19. [PMID: 31577248 PMCID: PMC7233637 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v90i10-s.8748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide. The ability to accurately define individual susceptibility to these disorders is therefore of strategic importance. Linkage analysis and genome-wide association studies have been useful for the identification of genes related to cardiovascular diseases. The identification of variants predisposing to cardiovascular diseases contributes to the risk profile and the possibility of tailored preventive or therapeutic strategies. Molecular genetics and pharmacogenetics are playing an increasingly important role in the correct clinical management of patients. For instance, genetic testing can identify variants that influence how patients metabolize medications, making it possible to prescribe personalized, safer and more efficient treatments, reducing medical costs and improving clinical outcomes. In the near future we can expect a great increment in information and genetic testing, which should be acknowledged as a true branch of diagnostics in cardiology, like hemodynamics and electrophysiology. In this review we summarize the genetics and pharmacogenetics of the main cardiovascular diseases, showing the role played by genetic information in the identification of cardiovascular risk factors and in the diagnosis and therapy of these conditions. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Hoshino T, Sissani L, Labreuche J, Ducrocq G, Lavallée PC, Meseguer E, Guidoux C, Cabrejo L, Hobeanu C, Gongora-Rivera F, Touboul PJ, Steg PG, Amarenco P. Prevalence of Systemic Atherosclerosis Burdens and Overlapping Stroke Etiologies and Their Associations With Long-term Vascular Prognosis in Stroke With Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease. JAMA Neurol 2019; 75:203-211. [PMID: 29279888 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.3960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Importance Patients who have experienced stroke with intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) may also have concomitant atherosclerosis in different arterial beds and other possible causes for ischemic stroke. However, little is known about the frequency and prognostic effect of such overlapping diseases. Objectives To describe the prevalence of systemic atherosclerotic burdens and overlapping stroke etiologies and their contributions to long-term prognoses among patients who have experienced stroke with ICAD. Design, Setting, and Participants The Asymptomatic Myocardial Ischemia in Stroke and Atherosclerotic Disease study is a single-center prospective study in which 405 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 10 days of onset were consecutively enrolled between June 2005 and December 2008 and followed up for 4 years. After excluding 2 patients because of incomplete investigations, 403 were included in this analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures Significant ICAD was defined as having 50% or greater stenosis/occlusion by contrast-enhanced/time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography, computed tomography angiography, and/or transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Systemic vascular investigations on atherosclerotic disease were performed with ultrasonography in carotid arteries, aorta and femoral arteries, and by angiography in coronary arteries. Coexistent stroke etiologies were assessed using the atherosclerosis, small-vessel disease, cardiac pathology, other cause, and dissection (ASCOD) grading system. We estimated the 4-year risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including vascular death, nonfatal cardiac events, nonfatal stroke, and major peripheral arterial events. Results Of 403 participants, 298 (74%) were men and the mean (SD) age was 62.6 (13.1) years. Significant ICAD was found in 146 (36.2%). Patients with significant ICAD more often had aortic arch (70 [60.9%] vs 99 [49.0%]; P = .04) and coronary artery (103 [76.9%] vs 153 [63.2%]; P = .007) atherosclerosis than those without. Among patients with ICAD, concurrent stenosis in the extracranial carotid artery (24 [23.4%] vs 3 [9.0%]; P = .08; adjusted hazard ratio[aHR] = 2.12) and the coronary artery (19 [29.9%] vs 8 [12.8%]; P = .01; aHR = 1.90) increased the MACE risk. Furthermore, patients with ICAD who also had any cardiac pathology (ASCOD grade C1-3) were at a higher MACE risk than others (grade C0) (20 [28.2%] vs 7 [11.4%]; P = .01; aHR = 2.24). By contrast, patients with ICAD with any form of small vessel disease (grade S1-3) had a lower MACE risk than those without (grade S0) (20 [17.3%] vs 6 [34.6%]; P = .05; aHR = 0.23). Conclusions and Relevance Patients with ICAD often have coexisting systemic atherosclerosis and multiple potential stroke mechanisms that affect their prognosis, suggesting that extensive evaluations of overlapping diseases may allow better risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Hoshino
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Leila Sissani
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Julien Labreuche
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Université de Lille, CHU Lille, EA 2694-Santé Publique, Épidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, Lille, France
| | - Gregory Ducrocq
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Philippa C Lavallée
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Elena Meseguer
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Céline Guidoux
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Cabrejo
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Hobeanu
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Fernando Gongora-Rivera
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Touboul
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Gabriel Steg
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,National Heart and Lung Institute, International Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Pierre Amarenco
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Sciences 1148 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
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The emerging role of sorting nexins in cardiovascular diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:723-737. [PMID: 30877150 PMCID: PMC6418407 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The sorting nexin (SNX) family consists of a diverse group of cytoplasmic- and membrane-associated phosphoinositide-binding proteins that play pivotal roles in the regulation of protein trafficking. This includes the entire endocytic pathway, such as endocytosis, endosomal sorting, and endosomal signaling. Dysfunctions of SNX pathway are involved in several forms of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, SNX gene variants are associated with CVDs. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on SNX-mediated regulatory mechanisms and their roles in the pathogenesis and treatment of CVDs.
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Meta-Analysis of NOS3 G894T Polymorphisms with Air Pollution on the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease Worldwide. TOXICS 2018; 6:toxics6030044. [PMID: 30071659 PMCID: PMC6161281 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this updated meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of nitric oxide synthase-3 (NOS3) G894T polymorphisms, air pollution and their interaction on ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk across populations worldwide. Recursive partition trees, nonlinear association curve fit and geographic information system maps were incorporated to verify results of conventional pooled analyses for sources of heterogeneity. Results from 61 studies (16,219 cases, 12,222 controls) revealed a significant increased relative risk (RR) of IHD associated with NOS3 894 polymorphisms TT (RR = 1.44) and GT (RR = 1.37). Subgroup analysis revealed that the TT polymorphism genotype had significantly increased risk of IHD in Caucasian, East Asian, South Asian, and Middle Eastern populations (all p < 0.05). It is important to point out that many countries demonstrated an average risk of greater than two, which identifies the NOS3 894 TT polymorphism as a potential causal factor and biological marker of IHD, based on criteria for strong evidence used in international consensus panels. These 10 countries include Ukraine, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Chile, Japan, South Korea, India, Iran, Egypt and Morocco. For these countries with elevated risk (RR > 2) from the NOS3 894 TT polymorphism, meta-predictive analysis demonstrated an increasing trend in air pollution association with increased NOS3 894 polymorphisms. Further studies are needed to explore the complexity of the associations among NOS3 gene polymorphisms per population stratifications within countries, detailed air pollution data for added specificity for geographic location across time, and disease risk.
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Jmel H, Romdhane L, Ben Halima Y, Hechmi M, Naouali C, Dallali H, Hamdi Y, Shan J, Abid A, Jamoussi H, Trabelsi S, Chouchane L, Luiselli D, Abdelhak S, Kefi R. Pharmacogenetic landscape of Metabolic Syndrome components drug response in Tunisia and comparison with worldwide populations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194842. [PMID: 29652911 PMCID: PMC5898725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation is an important determinant affecting either drug response or susceptibility to adverse drug reactions. Several studies have highlighted the importance of ethnicity in influencing drug response variability that should be considered during drug development. Our objective is to characterize the genetic variability of some pharmacogenes involved in the response to drugs used for the treatment of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in Tunisia and to compare our results to the worldwide populations. A set of 135 Tunisians was genotyped using the Affymetrix Chip 6.0 genotyping array. Variants located in 24 Very Important Pharmacogenes (VIP) involved in MetS drug response were extracted from the genotyping data. Analysis of variant distribution in Tunisian population compared to 20 worldwide populations publicly available was performed using R software packages. Common variants between Tunisians and the 20 investigated populations were extracted from genotyping data. Multidimensional screening showed that Tunisian population is clustered with North African and European populations. The greatest divergence was observed with the African and Asian population. In addition, we performed Inter-ethnic comparison based on the genotype frequencies of five VIP biomarkers. The genotype frequencies of the biomarkers rs3846662, rs1045642, rs7294 and rs12255372 located respectively in HMGCR, ABCB1, VKORC1 and TCF7L2 are similar between Tunisian, Tuscan (TSI) and European (CEU). The genotype frequency of the variant rs776746 located in CYP3A5 gene is similar between Tunisian and African populations and different from CEU and TSI. The present study shows that the genetic make up of the Tunisian population is relatively complex in regard to pharmacogenes and reflects previous historical events. It is important to consider this ethnic difference in drug prescription in order to optimize drug response to avoid serious adverse drug reactions. Taking into account similarities with other neighboring populations, our study has an impact not only on the Tunisian population but also on North African population which are underrepresented in pharmacogenomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa Jmel
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lilia Romdhane
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Ben Halima
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Hechmi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chokri Naouali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamza Dallali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosr Hamdi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jingxuan Shan
- Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelmajid Abid
- Department of external consultation, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Henda Jamoussi
- Department of external consultation, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Trabelsi
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, National Pharmacovigilance Center, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Chouchane
- Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Donata Luiselli
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rym Kefi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- * E-mail: ,
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A Novel Polymorphism in the Promoter of the CYP4A11 Gene Is Associated with Susceptibility to Coronary Artery Disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:5812802. [PMID: 29484037 PMCID: PMC5816861 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5812802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes CYP4A11 and CYP4F2 are involved in biosynthesis of vasoactive 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and may contribute to pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated whether polymorphisms of the CYP4A11 and CYP4F2 genes are associated with the risk of CAD in Russian population. DNA samples from 1323 unrelated subjects (637 angiographically confirmed CAD patients and 686 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals) were genotyped for polymorphisms rs3890011, rs9332978, and rs9333029 of CYP4A11 and rs3093098 and rs1558139 of CYP4F2 by using the Mass-ARRAY 4 system. SNPs rs3890011 and rs9332978 of CYP4A11 were associated with increased risk of CAD in women: OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.02-1.57, P = 0.004, and Q = 0.01 and OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.13-1.87, P = 0.004, and Q = 0.01, respectively. Haplotype G-C-A of CYP4A11 was associated with increased risk of CAD (adjusted OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.12-1.78, and P = 0.0036). Epistatic interactions were found between rs9332978 of CYP4A11 and rs1558139 of CYP4F2 (Pinteraction = 0.025). In silico analysis allowed identifying that SNP rs9332978 is located at a binding site for multiple transcription factors; many of them are known to regulate the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of CAD. This is the first study in Europeans that reported association between polymorphism rs9332978 of CYP4A11 and susceptibility to coronary artery disease.
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Genetics of Atherosclerosis. Coron Artery Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811908-2.00007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Associations of Noise and Socioeconomic and -Demographic Status on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases on Borough Level in a Large German City State. URBAN SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/urbansci1030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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23
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Aldasoro Arguinano AA, Dadé S, Stathopoulou M, Derive M, Coumba Ndiaye N, Xie T, Masson C, Gibot S, Visvikis-Siest S. TREM-1 SNP rs2234246 regulates TREM-1 protein and mRNA levels and is associated with plasma levels of L-selectin. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182226. [PMID: 28771614 PMCID: PMC5542552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
High levels of TREM-1 are associated with cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases risks and the most recent studies have showed that TREM-1 deletion or blockade is associated with up to 60% reduction of the development of atherosclerosis. So far, it is unknown whether the levels of TREM-1 protein are genetically regulated. Moreover, TREM family receptors have been suggested to regulate the cellular adhesion process. The goal of this study was to investigate whether polymorphisms within TREM-1 are regulating the variants of serum TREM-1 levels and the expression levels of their mRNA. Furthermore, we aimed to point out associations between polymorphisms on TREM-1 and blood levels of selectins. Among the 10 SNPs studied, the minor allele T of rs2234246, was associated with increased sTREM-1 in the discovery population (p-value = 0.003), explaining 33% of its variance, and with increased levels of mRNA (p-value = 0.007). The same allele was associated with increased soluble L-selectin levels (p-value = 0.011). The higher levels of sTREM-1 and L-selectin were confirmed in the replication population (p-value = 0.0007 and p-value = 0.018 respectively). We demonstrated for the first time one SNP on TREM-1, affecting its expression levels. These novel results, support the hypothesis that TREM-1 affects monocytes extravasation and accumulation processes leading to atherogenesis and atherosclerotic plaque progression, possibly through increased inflammation and subsequent higher expression of sL-selectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex-Ander Aldasoro Arguinano
- UMR INSERM U1122; IGE-PCV ‘Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire’, Faculté de Pharmacie–Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Dadé
- UMR INSERM U1122; IGE-PCV ‘Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire’, Faculté de Pharmacie–Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Maria Stathopoulou
- UMR INSERM U1122; IGE-PCV ‘Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire’, Faculté de Pharmacie–Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye
- UMR INSERM U1122; IGE-PCV ‘Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire’, Faculté de Pharmacie–Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Ting Xie
- UMR INSERM U1122; IGE-PCV ‘Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire’, Faculté de Pharmacie–Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Christine Masson
- UMR INSERM U1122; IGE-PCV ‘Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire’, Faculté de Pharmacie–Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Sophie Visvikis-Siest
- UMR INSERM U1122; IGE-PCV ‘Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire’, Faculté de Pharmacie–Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, CHU Technopôle Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- * E-mail:
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Polonikov A, Kharchenko A, Bykanova M, Sirotina S, Ponomarenko I, Bocharova A, Vagaytseva K, Stepanov V, Bushueva O, Churnosov M, Solodilova M. Polymorphisms of CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 and risk of coronary heart disease in Russian population. Gene 2017; 627:451-459. [PMID: 28687336 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are important vasoactive products of arachidonic acid metabolism with a wide range of biological actions in the cardiovascular system. The present study investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of genes coding cytochrome P450 2C subfamily, enzymes involved in biosynthesis of EETs, are associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). A total of 1255 unrelated Russian subjects comprising 561 patients with angiographically diagnosed CHD and 694 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were included in the study. DNA samples from all study participants were genotyped for six common SNPs rs7909236, rs1934953 of CYP2C8, rs9332242, rs4918758 and rs61886769 of CYP2C9 and rs4244285 of CYP2C19 using by the Mass-ARRAY 4 system. SNP rs4918758 of CYP2C9 was associated with decreased risk of CHD (codominant model) at a borderline significance with odds ratio adjusted for sex and age 0.61 (95% CI: 0.41-0.92, P=0.038, Q=0.20). SNP rs9332242 of CYP2C9 showed a trend towards association with increased CHD risk in cigarette smokers (P=0.049, Q=0.29). Log-likelihood ratio test (LRT) pointed out epistatic interactions between rs9332242 and rs61886769 of CYP2C9 (codominant model, Pinteraction=0.02), however, this P-value did not survive after correction for multiple tests. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a regulatory potential for a majority of the investigated SNPs. Our preliminary results demonstrate that polymorphisms of genes encoding CYP2C subfamily represent potential genetic markers of CHD susceptibility. Further studies are required to substantiate the contribution of these genes to the disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Polonikov
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander Kharchenko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kursk State Medical University, 14 Pirogova St., Kursk 305035, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Bykanova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Sirotina
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Ponomarenko
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Bocharova
- Evolutionary Genetics Laboratory, Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, 10 Nabereznaya Ushaiki, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Kseniya Vagaytseva
- Evolutionary Genetics Laboratory, Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, 10 Nabereznaya Ushaiki, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Stepanov
- Evolutionary Genetics Laboratory, Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, 10 Nabereznaya Ushaiki, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Bushueva
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 85 Pobeda St., Belgorod 308015, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Solodilova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx St., Kursk 305041, Russian Federation
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25
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The research on association of copy number variation in chromosome 9p21 region with atherothrombotic stroke in the Han Chinese population. J Neurol Sci 2017; 377:88-94. [PMID: 28477716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The copy number variants (CNVs) contain more genetic information compared with SNPs. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the CNVs in Chromosome 9p21 region are associated with increased risk of Atherothrombotic stroke (ATS) in a Han Chinese population. METHODS A case-controlled association study was conducted in which only patients with ATS were enrolled. The CNVs were detected by the method of multiplex competitive amplification. The differences in distribution of CNVs between cases and controls were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Subgroup analyses were also carried out to determine whether the effect of the CNVs was specific to age and gender among the subjects. RESULTS A total of 274 ATS patients and 282 health controls were included in the present study. 4 genes (ANRIL, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and MTAP) including eight gene fragments in all were analyzed for CNV. The results showed that the copied number of most CNV in the 4 genes is two. There was no significant difference of CNV frequency between groups. CONCLUSIONS The obtained data suggested a negative association between CNV of the four genes and ATS. It is necessary to perform sequencing analyses across the entire 9p21 region for detecting rare or uncommon CNV.
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Lima MJMR, Moreira TMM, Florêncio RS, Braga P. Factors associated with young adults' knowledge regarding family history of Stroke. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2016; 24:e2814. [PMID: 27878217 PMCID: PMC5173298 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.1285.2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the factors associated with young adults' knowledge regarding family history of stroke. METHOD: an analytical transversal study, with 579 young adults from state schools, with collection of sociodemographic, clinical and risk factor-related variables, analyzed using logistic regression (backward elimination). RESULTS: a statistical association was detected between age, civil status, and classification of arterial blood pressure and abdominal circumference with knowledge of family history of stroke. In the final logistic regression model, a statistical association was observed between knowledge regarding family history of stroke and the civil status of having a partner (ORa=1.61[1.07-2.42]; p=0.023), abdominal circumference (ORa=0.98[0.96-0.99]; p=0.012) and normal arterial blood pressure (ORa=2.56[1.19-5.52]; p=0.016). CONCLUSION: an association was observed between socioeconomic factors and risk factors for stroke and knowledge of family history of stroke, suggesting the need for health education or even educational programs on this topic for the clientele in question. OBJETIVO: analisar os fatores associados ao conhecimento dos adultos jovens sobre histórico familiar de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). MÉTODO: estudo transversal analítico, com 579 adultos jovens de escolas públicas, com coleta de variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e de fatores de risco em formulário, analisados utilizando-se regressão logística (backward elimination). RESULTADOS: detectou-se associação estatística de idade, situação conjugal, classificação da pressão arterial e circunferência abdominal com conhecimento do histórico familiar de AVC. No modelo final de regressão logística, observou-se associação estatística do conhecimento sobre histórico familiar de AVC com situação conjugal com companheiro (ORa=1,61[1,07-2,42]; p=0,023), circunferência abdominal (ORa=0,98[0,96-0,99]; p=0,012) e pressão arterial normal (ORa=2,56[1,19-5,52]; p=0,016). CONCLUSÃO: foi constatada associação de fatores socioeconômicos e de risco para AVC com o conhecimento do histórico familiar de AVC, sugerindo a necessidade de educação em saúde ou mesmo de programas educacionais sobre o tema junto à clientela em estudo. OBJETIVO: analizar los factores asociados al conocimiento de los adultos jóvenes sobre el histórico familiar de Accidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). MÉTODO: estudio transversal analítico en 579 adultos jóvenes de escuelas públicas, con recolección de variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y de factores de riesgo en formulario, los datos fueron analizados utilizando la regresión logística (backward elimination). RESULTADOS: se detectó asociación estadística de edad, situación conyugal, clasificación de la presión arterial y circunferencia abdominal con el conocimiento del histórico familiar de AVC. En el modelo final de regresión logística, se observó una asociación estadística del conocimiento sobre el histórico familiar de AVC con: situación conyugal con compañero (ORa=1,61[1,07-2,42] p=0,023); circunferencia abdominal (ORa=0,98[0,96-0,99] p=0,012); y presión arterial normal (ORa=2,56[1,19-5,52] p=0,016). CONCLUSIÓN: fue constatada asociación de factores socioeconómicos y de riesgo para AVC con el conocimiento del histórico familiar de AVC; se sugiere la necesidad de realizar acciones de educación en salud o inclusive de preparar programas educacionales sobre el tema para la población estudiada.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raquel Sampaio Florêncio
- Doctoral student, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Scholarship holder from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal em Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil
| | - Predro Braga
- PhD, Adjunct Professor, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Pescatello LS, Schifano ED, Ash GI, Panza GA, Lamberti L, Chen MH, Deshpande V, Zaleski A, Farinatti P, Taylor BA, Thompson PD. Deep-targeted exon sequencing reveals renal polymorphisms associate with postexercise hypotension among African Americans. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:e12992. [PMID: 27940662 PMCID: PMC5064144 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We found variants from the Angiotensinogen-Converting Enzyme (ACE), Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor (AGTR1), Aldosterone Synthase (CYP11B2), and Adducin (ADD1) genes exhibited intensity-dependent associations with the ambulatory blood pressure (BP) response following acute exercise, or postexercise hypotension (PEH). In a validation cohort, we sequenced exons from these genes for their associations with PEH Obese (30.9 ± 3.6 kg m-2) adults (n = 23; 61% African Americans [AF], 39% Caucasian) 42.0 ± 9.8 years with hypertension (139.8 ± 10.4/84.6 ± 6.2 mmHg) completed three random experiments: bouts of vigorous and moderate intensity cycling and control. Subjects wore an ambulatory BP monitor for 19 h. We performed deep-targeted exon sequencing using the Illumina TruSeq Custom Amplicon kit. Variant genotypes were coded as number of minor alleles (#MA) and selected for further statistical analysis based upon Bonferonni or Benjamini-Yekutieli multiple testing corrected p-values under time adjusted linear models for 19 hourly BP measurements per subject. After vigorous intensity over 19 h among ACE, AGTR1, CYP11B2, and ADD1 variants passing multiple testing thresholds, as the #MA increased, systolic (SBP) and/or diastolic BP decreased 12 mmHg (P = 4.5E-05) to 30 mmHg (P = 6.4E-04) among AF only. In contrast, after moderate intensity over 19 h among ACE and CYP11B2 variants passing multiple testing thresholds, as the #MA increased, SBP increased 21 mmHg (P = 8.0E-04) to 22 mmHg (P = 8.2E-04) among AF only. In this replication study, ACE, AGTR1, CYP11B2, and ADD1 variants exhibited associations with PEH after vigorous, but not moderate intensity exercise among AF only. Renal variants should be explored further with a multi-level "omics" approach for associations with PEH among a large, ethnically diverse sample of adults with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | | | - Garrett I Ash
- School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Gregory A Panza
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Lauren Lamberti
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Ved Deshpande
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Amanda Zaleski
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Paulo Farinatti
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beth A Taylor
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Paul D Thompson
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
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28
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Shi A, Tao Z, Wei P, Zhao J. Epidemiological aspects of heart diseases. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1645-1650. [PMID: 27602082 PMCID: PMC4998208 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the main cause of mortality in heart patients following stroke, rheumatic heart disease and myocardial infarctions. Approximately 80% of individuals succumb to CVDs, due to poor living conditions in low and middle income families and malnutrition. Infectious diseases, human immunodeficiency, tuberculosis, malaria, high blood pressure or hypertension, obesity and overweight, and nutritional disorders including smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, high salt and sugar intake, as well as other factors are responsible for CVDs and CHDs in young as well as elderly individuals. The focus of the present review are recent epidemiological aspects of CVD and CHD as well as the usefulness of a Mediterranean diet for heart patients and the prevention of heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Shi
- School of Public Health of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Ziqi Tao
- Department of Science and Education, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Science and Education Division, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
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29
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Zhang MC, Shen Y, Xue A, He M, Cresswell N, Li L, Zhao Z, Jiang Y, Burke A. Morphologic features of culprit lesions in sudden coronary death with family history of premature coronary artery disease. Forensic Sci Int 2016; 266:412-415. [PMID: 27419614 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The morphologic features of familial coronary artery disease (CAD) resulting in sudden coronary death (SCD) are poorly studied. The presence and type of culprit lesions may have important implications in the genetic basis for familial heart disease. Autopsies of SCD victims over a 5-year period from a statewide medical examiner's office were studied. Premature familial disease was defined as sudden death at ≤50 years in women and ≤45 years in men, with premature SCD or acute coronary syndrome in a first-degree relative. Culprit lesion was defined as acute plaque rupture, plaque erosion, and severe narrowing without thrombus (stable plaque). There were 174 acute plaque ruptures (age 49±10 years, 9% women), 49 plaque erosions (age 45±8 years, 37% women), and 213 stable plaques (age 53±11 years, 22% women). There were 8 plaque rupture with family history. There were 9 plaque erosions with family history. There were 7 stable plaques with family history. The rate of familial history in premature coronary disease was 18.4% in erosions, 4.6% in ruptures (p=.02 vs. erosion), and 3.3% in stable plaque (p=.002 vs. erosion). We concluded that the frequency of family history of premature sudden death due to CAD may be higher in plaque erosion as compared to patients dying with acute plaque rupture or stable plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chang Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiwen Shen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aimin Xue
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng He
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Nathaniel Cresswell
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA
| | - Ziqin Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Allen Burke
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA.
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30
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Liu D, Song J, Ji X, Liu Z, Cong M, Hu B. Association of Genetic Polymorphisms on VEGFA and VEGFR2 With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3413. [PMID: 27175642 PMCID: PMC4902484 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a cardiovascular disease which is contributed by abnormal neovascularization. VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A) and VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) have been revealed to be involved in the pathological angiogenesis. This study was intended to confirm whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of VEGFA and VEGFR2 were associated with CHD in a Chinese population, considering pathological features and living habits of CHD patients.Peripheral blood samples were collected from 810 CHD patients and 805 healthy individuals. Six tag SNPs within VEGFA and VEGFR2 were obtained from HapMap Database. Genotyping of SNPs was performed using SNapShot method (Applied Biosystems, Foster, CA). Odd ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association between SNPs and CHD risk.Under the allelic model, 6 SNPs of VEGFA and VEGFR2 were remarkably associated with the susceptibility to CHD. Genotype CT of rs3025039, TT of rs2305948, and AA of rs1873077 were associated with a reduced risk of CHD when smoking, alcohol intake and diabetes were considered, while homozygote GG of rs1570360 might elevate the susceptibility to CHD (all P < 0.05) for patients who were addicted to smoking or those with hypertension. All of the combined effects of rs699947 (CC/CA) and rs2305948 (TT), rs3025039 (TT) and rs2305948 (TT), rs3025039 (CT) and rs1870377 (AA) had positive effects on the risk of CHD, respectively (all P < 0.05). By contrast, the synthetic effects of rs69947 (CA/AA) and rs1870377 (TA), rs699947 (CA) and rs7667298 (GG), rs699947 (AA) and rs7667298 (GG), rs1570360 (GG) and rs2305948 (TT), as well as rs1570360 (GG) and rs1870377 (AA) all exhibited adverse effects on the risk of CHD, respectively (all P < 0.05).Six polymorphisms in VEGFA and VEGFR2 may have substantial influence on the susceptibility to CHD in a Han Chinese population. Prospective cohort studies should be further designed to confirm the above conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxing Liu
- From the Emergency Department, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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31
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Translating Genomic Advances to Physical Therapist Practice: A Closer Look at the Nature and Nurture of Common Diseases. Phys Ther 2016; 96:570-80. [PMID: 26637647 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20150112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The Human Genome Project and the International HapMap Project have yielded new understanding of the influence of the human genome on health and disease, advancing health care in significant ways. In personalized medicine, genetic factors are used to identify disease risk and tailor preventive and therapeutic regimens. Insight into the genetic bases of cellular processes is revealing the causes of disease and effects of exercise. Many diseases known to have a major lifestyle contribution are highly influenced by common genetic variants. Genetic variants are associated with increased risk for common diseases such as cardiovascular disease and osteoarthritis. Exercise response also is influenced by genetic factors. Knowledge of genetic factors can help clinicians better understand interindividual differences in disease presentation, pain experience, and exercise response. Family health history is an important genetic tool and encourages clinicians to consider the wider client-family unit. Clinicians in this new era need to be prepared to guide patients and their families on a variety of genomics-related concerns, including genetic testing and other ethical, legal, or social issues. Thus, it is essential that clinicians reconsider the role of genetics in the preservation of wellness and risk for disease to identify ways to best optimize fitness, health, or recovery. Clinicians with knowledge of the influence of genetic variants on health and disease will be uniquely positioned to institute individualized lifestyle interventions, thereby fulfilling roles in prevention and wellness. This article describes how discoveries in genomics are rapidly evolving the understanding of health and disease by highlighting 2 conditions: cardiovascular disease and osteoarthritis. Genetic factors related to exercise effects also are considered.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) remains a major cause of death and a leading cause of disability worldwide. CeVD is a complex and multifactorial disease caused by the interaction of vascular risk factors, environment, and genetic factors. In the present article, we discussed genetic susceptibility to CeVD, with particular emphasis on genetic studies of the associations between lipid traits and CeVD. RECENT FINDINGS Several animal and clinical studies clearly defined genetic predisposition to atherosclerosis and CeVD, and particularly to ischemic stroke. Recent evidence has shown that traditional vascular risk factors explain only a small proportion of variance in atherosclerosis, suggesting that additional nontraditional factors and novel genetic determinants impact CeVD. With the help of genome-wide technology, novel genetic variants have been implicated in CeVD and lipid metabolism such as those in protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene in stroke and familial hypercholesterolemia. These studies are important as they contribute to our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying CeVD and to developing more effective CeVD prevention strategies. SUMMARY CeVD is a complex and multifactorial disease and genetics likely plays an important role in its pathogenesis. The gene-gene and gene-environment interactions of genes involved in biology of vascular disease, including the lipid metabolism are important factors for individual susceptibility to CeVD. Accounting for individual variation in genes, environment and lifestyle will bring us closer to precision medicine, which is an emerging and recently introduced new approach for disease treatment and prevention in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Della-Morte
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Zeinali N, Hashemi M, Mirmohammadsadeghi M, Mirmohammadsadeghi H, Eskandari N, Sabzghabaee AM. Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Genotype, Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Saphenous Vein Graft Atherosclerosis in Iranian Patients. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 30:557-61. [PMID: 26735603 PMCID: PMC4690661 DOI: 10.5935/1678-9741.20150069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate possible interactions among
Angiotensin-I converting enzyme genotype, insertion/deletion polymorphism
and atherosclerosis of vein grafts in Iranian patients, and characterize
their clinical and demographic profile. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, patients who underwent coronary artery bypass
graft surgery more than five years ago, were included for angiographic
analysis. Atherosclerosis was determined by quantitative angiography and
adjusted Gensini score. The gene angiotensin converting enzyme I/D
polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS A total of 102 patients participated in this study. Eighty-four patients
were male. The frequency distribution of DD, ID and II polymorphism were
23.6%, 62.7% and 13.7% respectively. There were no differences among
genotypic groups in age, sex, number of risk factors, number of vein grafts
and months since bypass surgery. According to adjusted Gensini score
[0.18±0.12 (II) vs. 0.11±0.09 (ID) and
0.1±0.09 (DD) P=0.021] the II genotype was
associated with severity of vein graft atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION Although there are conflicting results about gene angiotensin converting
enzyme I/D polymorphism and the degree of venous bypass graft degeneration,
this study suggests an association between ACE genotype II and
atherosclerosis of saphenous vein grafts, however, large samples considering
clinical, demographic and ethnic profile are necessary to confirm these
results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Zeinali
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mirmohammadsadeghi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Mirmohammadsadeghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Sabzghabaee
- Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Doepker C, Lieberman HR, Smith AP, Peck JD, El-Sohemy A, Welsh BT. Caffeine: Friend or Foe? Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2016; 7:117-37. [PMID: 26735800 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-041715-033243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The debate on the safety of and regulatory approaches for caffeine continues among various stakeholders and regulatory authorities. This decision-making process comes with significant challenges, particularly when considering the complexities of the available scientific data, making the formulation of clear science-based regulatory guidance more difficult. To allow for discussions of a number of key issues, the North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) convened a panel of subject matter experts for a caffeine-focused session entitled "Caffeine: Friend or Foe?," which was held during the 2015 ILSI Annual Meeting. The panelists' expertise covered topics ranging from the natural occurrence of caffeine in plants and interindividual metabolism of caffeine in humans to specific behavioral, reproductive, and cardiovascular effects related to caffeine consumption. Each presentation highlighted the potential risks, benefits, and challenges that inform whether caffeine exposure warrants concern. This paper aims to summarize the key topics discussed during the session.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harris R Lieberman
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts 01760;
| | - Andrew Paul Smith
- Centre for Occupational and Health Psychology, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AS, United Kingdom;
| | - Jennifer D Peck
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104;
| | - Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada;
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Smith AJ, Oswald D, Bodurtha J. Trends in Unmet Need for Genetic Counseling Among Children With Special Health Care Needs, 2001-2010. Acad Pediatr 2015; 15:544-50. [PMID: 26162247 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Access to genetic counseling is increasingly important to guide families' and clinicians' decision making, yet there is limited research on accessibility and affordability of counseling for families with children with special health care needs (CSHCN). Our study's objectives were to measure changes in unmet need for genetic counseling for CSHCN from 2001 to 2010 and to characterize child, family, and health system factors associated with unmet need. METHODS We used parent-reported data from the 2001, 2005-2006, and 2009-2010 National Survey of Children With Special Health Care Needs. We used a logistic regression model to measure the impact of survey year, child (sex, age, severity of health condition), family (primary language, household income, insurance, financial problems related to cost of CSHCN's health care), and health system factors (region, genetic counselors per capita, having a usual source of care) on access to genetic counseling. RESULTS Unmet need for genetic counseling increased significantly in 2009-2010 compared to 2001 (odds ratio 1.89; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44-2.47). Being older (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.04; 95% CI 1.02-1.06), having severe health limitations (aOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.16-2.58), being uninsured (aOR 3.56; 95% CI 2.16-5.87), and having family financial problems due to health care costs (aOR 1.90; 95% CI 1.52-2.38) were significantly associated with greater unmet need for genetic counseling. Having a usual source of care was associated with decreased unmet need (aOR 0.55; 95% CI 0.37-0.83). CONCLUSIONS Unmet need for genetic counseling has increased over the past 12 years. Uninsurance and financial problems related to health care costs were the largest drivers of unmet need over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donald Oswald
- Partnership for People With Disabilities, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.
| | - Joann Bodurtha
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
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Li TC, Li CI, Liao LN, Liu CS, Yang CW, Lin CH, Hsiao JH, Hsiao CY, Lin WY, Wu FY, Lin CC. Associations of EDNRA and EDN1 polymorphisms with carotid intima media thickness through interactions with gender, regular exercise, and obesity in subjects in Taiwan: Taichung Community Health Study (TCHS). Biomedicine (Taipei) 2015; 5:8. [PMID: 26040574 PMCID: PMC4502041 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-015-0008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the interacted association between EDNRA and EDN1 polymorphisms and gender, regular exercise, and obesity status on carotid intima media thickness (IMT) in community- dwelling subjects of the Taichung Community Health Study. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs rs1395821, rs1878406, rs5333, rs1800541, and rs5370) of the EDNRA and EDN1 gene were examined in 480 participants from 160 families. The IMT protocol involves scanning the common carotid arteries (CCAs), the carotid bifurcations (bulb), and the origins (first 1 cm) of the internal carotid arteries (ICAs). Generalized linear models with a generalized estimating equation were employed to consider the dependence among family members. After multivariate adjustment, the effects of interactions between EDNRA and EDN1 gene with gender, obesity, and exercise were observed. For gene-gender interaction on CCA IMT, the adjusted mean for men carrying the GA/GG genotype of EDNRASNP rs1878406 was 1.18 times higher than that for men carrying the AA genotype (95% CI: 1.01, 1.37). As for bulb and ICA IMT, the adjusted mean values for women carrying the AC/AA genotype of EDN1 rs5370 was lower than those carrying the CC genotype: 0.89, [0.82, 0.98]; and 0.90 [0.83, 0.99], respectively. We did observe significant effects of EDNRA SNPs rs1395821 and rs5333 in individuals who regularly exercised. A significantly lower adjusted mean in CCA IMT for non-obese individuals carrying EDNRA SNP rs5333 was observed (0.92 [0.86, 0.99]) compared with non-obese individuals carrying the AA genotype. This study first reported significant interactions of EDNRA and EDN1 polymorphisms with gender, regular exercise, and obesity on carotid IMT in Han Chinese participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Chung Li
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan,
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Yamada Y, Matsui K, Takeuchi I, Fujimaki T. Association of genetic variants with coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke in a longitudinal population-based genetic epidemiological study. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:413-419. [PMID: 26137247 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies identified nine genes and chromosomal region 3q28 as susceptibility loci for myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke or chronic kidney disease by genome-wide or candidate gene association studies. As coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke may share genetic architecture, certain genetic variants may confer susceptibility to the two diseases. The present study examined the association of 13 polymorphisms at these 10 loci with the prevalence of CAD or ischemic stroke in community-dwelling individuals, with the aim of identifying genetic variants that confer susceptibility to the two conditions. Study subjects (170 with CAD, 117 with ischemic stroke and 5,718 controls) were recruited to the Inabe Health and Longevity Study, a longitudinal genetic epidemiological study of atherosclerotic, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The subjects were recruited from individuals who visited for an annual health checkup and they were followed up each year (mean follow-up period, 5 years). Longitudinal analysis with a generalized estimating equation, and with adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia and the serum concentration of creatinine, revealed that rs2074380 (G→A) and rs2074381 (A→G) of the α-kinase 1 (ALPK1) gene and rs8089 (T→G) of the thrombospondin 2 (THBS2) gene were significantly (P<2×10-16) associated with the prevalence of CAD, with the AA genotype of rs2074380 and GG genotypes of rs2074381 and rs8089 being protective against this condition. Similar analysis revealed that rs9846911 (A→G) at chromosome 3q28, rs2074381 of ALPK1, rs8089 of THBS2 and rs6046 (G→A) of the coagulation factor VII gene were significantly (P<2×10-16) associated with the prevalence of ischemic stroke, with the GG genotypes of rs9846911, rs2074381 and rs8089 and the AA genotype of rs6046 being protective against this condition. ALPK1 and THBS2 may thus be susceptibility loci for CAD and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiji Yamada
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Life Science Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan ; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Kota Matsui
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan ; Department of Scientific and Engineering Simulation, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan ; Department of Scientific and Engineering Simulation, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Fujimaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Inabe General Hospital, Inabe, Mie 511-0428, Japan
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de Castro MA, Baltar VT, Marchioni DML, Fisberg RM. Sex differences in serum leptin and its relation to markers of cardiometabolic risk in middle-aged adults: Evidence from a population-based study. Nutrition 2015; 31:491-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Sörberg Wallin A, Falkstedt D, Allebeck P, Melin B, Janszky I, Hemmingsson T. Does high intelligence improve prognosis? The association of intelligence with recurrence and mortality among Swedish men with coronary heart disease. J Epidemiol Community Health 2014; 69:347-53. [PMID: 25488976 PMCID: PMC4392213 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2014-204958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower intelligence early in life is associated with increased risks for coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality. Intelligence level might affect compliance to treatment but its prognostic importance in patients with CHD is unknown. METHODS A cohort of 1923 Swedish men with a measure of intelligence from mandatory military conscription in 1969-1970 at age 18-20, who were diagnosed with CHD 1991-2007, were followed to the end of 2008. PRIMARY OUTCOME recurrent CHD event. Secondary outcome: case fatality from the first event, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. National registers provided information on CHD events, comorbidity, mortality and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS The fully adjusted HRs for recurrent CHD for medium and low intelligence, compared with high intelligence, were 0.98, (95% CIs 0.83 to 1.16) and 1.09 (0.89 to 1.34), respectively. The risks were increased for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality with lower intelligence, but were attenuated in the fully adjusted models (fully adjusted HRs for cardiovascular mortality 1.92 (0.94 to 3.94) and 1.98 (0.89 to 4.37), respectively; for all-cause mortality 1.63 (1.00 to 2.65) and 1.62 (0.94 to 2.78), respectively). There was no increased risk for case-fatality at the first event (fully adjusted ORs 1.06 (0.73 to 1.55) and 0.97 (0.62 to 1.50), respectively). CONCLUSIONS Although we found lower intelligence to be associated with increased mortality in middle-aged men with CHD, there was no evidence for its possible effect on recurrence in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Sörberg Wallin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Falkstedt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Allebeck
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Melin
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Imre Janszky
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tomas Hemmingsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Forbang NI, Hughes-Austin JM, Allison MA, Criqui MH. Peripheral artery disease and non-coronary atherosclerosis in Hispanics: another paradox? Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 57:237-43. [PMID: 25443822 PMCID: PMC4254403 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hispanic Americans (HA) are a significant and increasing segment of the population who must be considered in future health planning. HA, compared to European Americans (EA), have a lower prevalence of coronary artery disease, but higher burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors. It remains unclear if this observation termed the 'Hispanic Paradox' also exists for vascular beds outside the heart. We present a review of the literature which suggests that this paradox may also exist for arteries in the extremities and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nketi I Forbang
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
| | - Jan M Hughes-Austin
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Michael H Criqui
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Wu PY, Chandramohan R, Phan JH, Mahle WT, Gaynor JW, Maher KO, Wang MD. Cardiovascular transcriptomics and epigenomics using next-generation sequencing: challenges, progress, and opportunities. CIRCULATION. CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS 2014; 7:701-10. [PMID: 25518043 PMCID: PMC4983435 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.113.000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yen Wu
- From the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (P.-Y.W.), School of Biology (R.C.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (J.H.P.); The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Winship Cancer Institute, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.D.W.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (W.T.M., K.O.M.); The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (J.W.G.)
| | - Raghu Chandramohan
- From the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (P.-Y.W.), School of Biology (R.C.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (J.H.P.); The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Winship Cancer Institute, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.D.W.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (W.T.M., K.O.M.); The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (J.W.G.)
| | - John H Phan
- From the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (P.-Y.W.), School of Biology (R.C.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (J.H.P.); The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Winship Cancer Institute, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.D.W.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (W.T.M., K.O.M.); The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (J.W.G.)
| | - William T Mahle
- From the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (P.-Y.W.), School of Biology (R.C.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (J.H.P.); The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Winship Cancer Institute, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.D.W.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (W.T.M., K.O.M.); The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (J.W.G.)
| | - J William Gaynor
- From the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (P.-Y.W.), School of Biology (R.C.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (J.H.P.); The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Winship Cancer Institute, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.D.W.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (W.T.M., K.O.M.); The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (J.W.G.)
| | - Kevin O Maher
- From the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (P.-Y.W.), School of Biology (R.C.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (J.H.P.); The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Winship Cancer Institute, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.D.W.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (W.T.M., K.O.M.); The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (J.W.G.)
| | - May D Wang
- From the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (P.-Y.W.), School of Biology (R.C.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (J.H.P.); The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Winship Cancer Institute, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.D.W.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (W.T.M., K.O.M.); The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (J.W.G.).
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Climer S, Yang W, de las Fuentes L, Dávila-Román VG, Gu CC. A custom correlation coefficient (CCC) approach for fast identification of multi-SNP association patterns in genome-wide SNPs data. Genet Epidemiol 2014; 38:610-21. [PMID: 25168954 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Complex diseases are often associated with sets of multiple interacting genetic factors and possibly with unique sets of the genetic factors in different groups of individuals (genetic heterogeneity). We introduce a novel concept of custom correlation coefficient (CCC) between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that address genetic heterogeneity by measuring subset correlations autonomously. It is used to develop a 3-step process to identify candidate multi-SNP patterns: (1) pairwise (SNP-SNP) correlations are computed using CCC; (2) clusters of so-correlated SNPs identified; and (3) frequencies of these clusters in disease cases and controls compared to identify disease-associated multi-SNP patterns. This method identified 42 candidate multi-SNP associations with hypertensive heart disease (HHD), among which one cluster of 22 SNPs (six genes) included 13 in SLC8A1 (aka NCX1, an essential component of cardiac excitation-contraction coupling) and another of 32 SNPs had 29 from a different segment of SLC8A1. While allele frequencies show little difference between cases and controls, the cluster of 22 associated alleles were found in 20% of controls but no cases and the other in 3% of controls but 20% of cases. These suggest that both protective and risk effects on HHD could be exerted by combinations of variants in different regions of SLC8A1, modified by variants from other genes. The results demonstrate that this new correlation metric identifies disease-associated multi-SNP patterns overlooked by commonly used correlation measures. Furthermore, computation time using CCC is a small fraction of that required by other methods, thereby enabling the analyses of large GWAS datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlee Climer
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, Missouri, United States of America; Cardiovascular Imaging and Clinical Research Core Laboratory, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Missouri, United States of America; Current address: Sharlee Climer, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University School of Engineering, Missouri, United States of America
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Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder of lipoprotein metabolism resulting in elevated serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels leading to increased risk for premature cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The diagnosis of this condition is based on clinical features, family history, and elevated LDL-cholesterol levels aided more recently by genetic testing. As the atherosclerotic burden is dependent on the degree and duration of exposure to raised LDL-cholesterol levels, early diagnosis and initiation of treatment is paramount. Statins are presently the mainstay in the management of these patients, although newer drugs, LDL apheresis, and other investigational therapies may play a role in certain subsets of FH, which are challenging to treat. Together these novel treatments have notably improved the prognosis of FH, especially that of the heterozygous patients. Despite these achievements, a majority of children fail to attain targeted lipid goals owing to persistent shortcomings in diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. This review aims to highlight the screening, diagnosis, goals of therapy, and management options in patients with FH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun J Varghese
- Department of Cardiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Effects of hypertension and exercise on cardiac proteome remodelling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:634132. [PMID: 24877123 PMCID: PMC4022191 DOI: 10.1155/2014/634132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricle hypertrophy is a common outcome of pressure overload stimulus closely associated with hypertension. This process is triggered by adverse molecular signalling, gene expression, and proteome alteration. Proteomic research has revealed that several molecular targets are associated with pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, including angiotensin II, endothelin-1 and isoproterenol. Several metabolic, contractile, and stress-related proteins are shown to be altered in cardiac hypertrophy derived by hypertension. On the other hand, exercise is a nonpharmacologic agent used for hypertension treatment, where cardiac hypertrophy induced by exercise training is characterized by improvement in cardiac function and resistance against ischemic insult. Despite the scarcity of proteomic research performed with exercise, healthy and pathologic heart proteomes are shown to be modulated in a completely different way. Hence, the altered proteome induced by exercise is mostly associated with cardioprotective aspects such as contractile and metabolic improvement and physiologic cardiac hypertrophy. The present review, therefore, describes relevant studies involving the molecular characteristics and alterations from hypertensive-induced and exercise-induced hypertrophy, as well as the main proteomic research performed in this field. Furthermore, proteomic research into the effect of hypertension on other target-demerged organs is examined.
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Olin JW, Gornik HL, Bacharach JM, Biller J, Fine LJ, Gray BH, Gray WA, Gupta R, Hamburg NM, Katzen BT, Lookstein RA, Lumsden AB, Newburger JW, Rundek T, Sperati CJ, Stanley JC. Fibromuscular dysplasia: state of the science and critical unanswered questions: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2014; 129:1048-78. [PMID: 24548843 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000442577.96802.8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ghasemi A, Aghajani H, Fallah S, Assadi M, Seifi M. C771G (His241Gln) polymorphism of MLXIPL gene, TG levels and coronary artery disease: a case control study. Anatol J Cardiol 2014; 15:8-12. [PMID: 25179879 PMCID: PMC5336913 DOI: 10.5152/akd.2014.5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: It is suggested that C771G (His241Gln) polymorphism of MLXIPL gene might be a genetic risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD); therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between C771G polymorphism of MLXIPL gene and the pathogenesis of CAD in Iranian patients with coronary artery stenosis and control subjects. Methods: Two hundred and five patients with coronary artery stenosis and 195 healthy control subjects were included in this study. MLXIPL genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results: There was an association between the MLXIPL polymorphism and quantitative lipid traits in patient group. Distribution of the CC genotype of MLXIPL was more frequent in patients, (χ2=5.13; p<0.005) and after adjustment for classical CAD risk factors, the MLXIPL CC genotype was independently associated with CAD (OR=1.98, 95% CI, 1.12-4.11; p=0.02). Distribution of MLXIPL genotypes were significantly different as compared with the severity of stenosis (χ2=6.34; p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that C771G polymorphism of MLXIPL gene is associated with stenosis and its severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Ghasemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran-Iran.
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Moradzadegan A, Vaisi-Raygani A, Nikzamir A, Rahimi Z. Angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion (I/D) (rs4646994) and Vegf polymorphism (+405G/C; rs2010963) in type II diabetic patients: Association with the risk of coronary artery disease. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2014; 16:672-80. [PMID: 24505095 DOI: 10.1177/1470320313497819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Little is known about the concomitant presence of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (rs4646994) D allele and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) (+405G/C; rs2010963) G allele on the susceptibility of coronary artery disease (CAD). Here we examined the hypothesis that ACE-D and VEGF-G alleles act synergistically to increase the severity of CAD in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The VEGF (rs2010963) and ACE (rs4646994) genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and PCR, respectively in 510 T2DM patients undergoing their first coronary angiography. Diabetic patients were classified as T2DM patients with and without CAD (control). RESULTS The crude odds ratio (OR) for the presence of CAD in ID+DD and D allele carriers were 1.98 (p=0.01) and 1.55 (p=0.001), respectively. Also, adjusted ORs in the presence of normolipidemia and the absence of history of hypertension for the risk of CAD in the either ACE(rs4646994) D allele or VGEF(rs2010963)-G alleles were 2.08 (p=0.004) and 1.75 (p=0.024), respectively. In addition, the concomitant presence of the ACE-D and VEGF-G alleles increased the risk of CAD 2.25-fold (p=0.043). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that ACE(rs4646994)-D allele alone and in the presence of VEGF(rs2010963)-G allele can be an important independent risk factor for susceptibility of CAD in T2DM patients even after correcting for conventional risk factors in a population of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atousa Moradzadegan
- Department of Experimental Sciences, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran
| | - Asad Vaisi-Raygani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Abdolrahim Nikzamir
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahwaz Jondi Shapour University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Polimanti R, Iorio A, Piacentini S, Manfellotto D, Fuciarelli M. Human pharmacogenomic variation of antihypertensive drugs: from population genetics to personalized medicine. Pharmacogenomics 2014; 15:157-67. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the human pharmacogenetic variation related to antihypertensive drugs, providing a survey of functional interpopulation differences in hypertension pharmacogenes. Materials & methods: The study was divided into two stages. In the first stage, we analyzed 1249 variants located in 57 hypertension pharmacogenes. This first-stage analysis confirmed that geographic origin strongly affects hypertension pharmacogenomic variation and that 31 pharmacogenes are geographically differentiated. In the second stage, we focused our attention on the ethnic-differentiated pharmacogenes, investigating 55,521 genetic variants. In silico analyses were performed to predict the effect of genetic variation. Results: Our analyses indicated functional interpopulation differences, suggesting insight into the mechanisms of antihypertensive drug response. Moreover, our data suggested that rare variants mainly determine the functionality of genes related to antihypertensive drugs. Conclusion: Our study provided important knowledge about the genetics of the antihypertensive drug response, suggesting that next-generation sequencing technologies may develop reliable pharmacogenetic tests for antihypertensive drugs. Original submitted 19 September 2013; Revision submitted 14 November 2013
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Polimanti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Iorio
- Clinical Pathophysiology Center, AFaR – “San Giovanni Calibita” Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Manfellotto
- Clinical Pathophysiology Center, AFaR – “San Giovanni Calibita” Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Fuciarelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome, Italy
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Christensson A, Melander O, Fjellstedt E, Ohlson-Andersson M. Family history of myocardial infarction increases risk of renal dysfunction in middle age. Am J Nephrol 2014; 39:85-91. [PMID: 24481112 DOI: 10.1159/000358259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in the general population, may lead to end-stage renal disease, and is most frequently found among males. Familial clustering of kidney diseases has been observed. We aimed to study a potential association between the family history of myocardial infarction (MI) and renal dysfunction. METHODS 22,297 males and 10,828 females, aged 33-60 years, from a population-based cohort study were studied. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was assessed by the CKD-EPI creatinine equation. Every participant filled in a self-administered questionnaire including family history. Heredity for MI was defined as mother or father having had MI and/or died from MI, and/or brother or sister having had MI. Binary logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used in the analyses. RESULTS Multiple linear regression revealed a significantly increased risk of renal dysfunction in those with a positive heredity for MI (the whole cohort p = 0.01, males p = 0.000, females p = 0.169). Binary logistic regression showed that males with heredity for MI with a mean age of 43 years have a 2 times higher risk (p = 0.02) of belonging to the group with GFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m(2) compared to those without heredity. For the whole cohort the increased risk was 1.6 times (p = 0.07). There was no significant association for females (p = 0.88). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that a familial burden of MI is associated with renal dysfunction, in men, already in middle age. Genetic variants may underlie predisposition to CKD in those with heredity for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Christensson
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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