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Nassour H, Pétrin D, Devost D, Billard E, Sleno R, Hébert TE, Chatenet D. Evidence for heterodimerization and functional interaction of the urotensin II and the angiotensin II type 1 receptors. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111056. [PMID: 38262555 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite the observation of synergistic interactions between the urotensinergic and angiotensinergic systems, the interplay between the urotensin II receptor (hUT) and the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (hAT1R) in regulating cellular signaling remains incompletely understood. Notably, the putative interaction between hUT and hAT1R could engender reciprocal allosteric modulation of their signaling signatures, defining a unique role for these complexes in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Using a combination of co-immunoprecipitation, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) and FlAsH BRET-based conformational biosensors, we first demonstrated the physical interaction between hUT and hAT1R. Next, to analyze how this functional interaction regulated proximal and distal hUT- and hAT1R-associated signaling pathways, we used BRET-based signaling biosensors and western blots to profile pathway-specific signaling in HEK 293 cells expressing hUT, hAT1R or both. We observed that hUT-hAT1R heterodimers triggered distinct signaling outcomes compared to their respective parent receptors alone. Notably, co-transfection of hUT and hAT1R has no impact on hUII-induced Gq activation but significantly reduced the potency and efficacy of Ang II to mediate Gq activation. Interestingly, URP, the second hUT endogenous ligand, produce a distinct signaling signature compared to hUII at hUT-hAT1R. Our results therefore suggest that assembly of hUT with hAT1R might be important for allosteric modulation of outcomes associated with specific hardwired signaling complexes in healthy and disease states. Altogether, our work, which potentially explains the interplay observed in native cells and tissues, validates such complexes as potential targets to promote the design of compounds that can modulate heterodimer function selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nassour
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Ville de Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Darlaine Pétrin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dominic Devost
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Etienne Billard
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Rory Sleno
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Terence E Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
| | - David Chatenet
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Ville de Laval, QC, Canada.
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Baldwin TA, Teuber JP, Kuwabara Y, Subramani A, Lin SCJ, Kanisicak O, Vagnozzi RJ, Zhang W, Brody MJ, Molkentin JD. Palmitoylation-dependent regulation of cardiomyocyte Rac1 signaling activity and minor effects on cardiac hypertrophy. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105426. [PMID: 37926281 PMCID: PMC10716590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
S-palmitoylation is a reversible lipid modification catalyzed by 23 S-acyltransferases with a conserved zinc finger aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine (zDHHC) domain that facilitates targeting of proteins to specific intracellular membranes. Here we performed a gain-of-function screen in the mouse and identified the Golgi-localized enzymes zDHHC3 and zDHHC7 as regulators of cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiomyocyte-specific transgenic mice overexpressing zDHHC3 show cardiac disease, and S-acyl proteomics identified the small GTPase Rac1 as a novel substrate of zDHHC3. Notably, cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure in zDHHC3 transgenic mice is preceded by enhanced Rac1 S-palmitoylation, membrane localization, activity, downstream hypertrophic signaling, and concomitant induction of all Rho family small GTPases whereas mice overexpressing an enzymatically dead zDHHC3 mutant show no discernible effect. However, loss of Rac1 or other identified zDHHC3 targets Gαq/11 or galectin-1 does not diminish zDHHC3-induced cardiomyopathy, suggesting multiple effectors and pathways promoting decompensation with sustained zDHHC3 activity. Genetic deletion of Zdhhc3 in combination with Zdhhc7 reduces cardiac hypertrophy during the early response to pressure overload stimulation but not over longer time periods. Indeed, cardiac hypertrophy in response to 2 weeks of angiotensin-II infusion is not diminished by Zdhhc3/7 deletion, again suggesting other S-acyltransferases or signaling mechanisms compensate to promote hypertrophic signaling. Taken together, these data indicate that the activity of zDHHC3 and zDHHC7 at the cardiomyocyte Golgi promote Rac1 signaling and maladaptive cardiac remodeling, but redundant signaling effectors compensate to maintain cardiac hypertrophy with sustained pathological stimulation in the absence of zDHHC3/7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya A Baldwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - James P Teuber
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yasuhide Kuwabara
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Araskumar Subramani
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Suh-Chin J Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Onur Kanisicak
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ronald J Vagnozzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthew J Brody
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
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Hohendanner F, Prabhu A, Wilck N, Stangl V, Pieske B, Stangl K, Althoff TF. G q-Mediated Arrhythmogenic Signaling Promotes Atrial Fibrillation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020526. [PMID: 36831062 PMCID: PMC9953645 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is promoted by various stimuli like angiotensin II, endothelin-1, epinephrine/norepinephrine, vagal activation, or mechanical stress, all of which activate receptors coupled to G-proteins of the Gαq/Gα11-family (Gq). Besides pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory effects, Gq-mediated signaling induces inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization related to delayed after-depolarisations and AF. However, direct evidence of arrhythmogenic Gq-mediated signaling is absent. METHODS AND RESULTS To define the role of Gq in AF, transgenic mice with tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific Gαq/Gα11-deficiency (Gq-KO) were created and exposed to intracardiac electrophysiological studies. Baseline electrophysiological properties, including heart rate, sinus node recovery time, and atrial as well as AV nodal effective refractory periods, were comparable in Gq-KO and control mice. However, inducibility and mean duration of AF episodes were significantly reduced in Gq-KO mice-both before and after vagal stimulation. To explore underlying mechanisms, left atrial cardiomyocytes were isolated from Gq-KO and control mice and electrically stimulated to study Ca2+-mobilization during excitation-contraction coupling using confocal microscopy. Spontaneous arrhythmogenic Ca2+ waves and sarcoplasmic reticulum content-corrected Ca2+ sparks were less frequent in Gq-KO mice. Interestingly, nuclear but not cytosolic Ca2+ transient amplitudes were significantly decreased in Gq-KO mice. CONCLUSION Gq-signaling promotes arrhythmogenic atrial Ca2+-release and AF in mice. Targeting this pathway, ideally using Gq-selective, biased receptor ligands, may be a promising approach for the treatment and prevention of AF. Importantly, the atrial-specific expression of the Gq-effector IP3R confers atrial selectivity mitigating the risk of life-threatening ventricular pro-arrhythmic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Hohendanner
- Department of Cardiology and German Heart Center, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13316 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashok Prabhu
- Department of Cardiology and German Heart Center, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola Wilck
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13316 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Cooperation of Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Stangl
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13316 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Cardiology and German Heart Center, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13316 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Stangl
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13316 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Till F. Althoff
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13316 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Arrhythmia Section, Cardiovascular Institute (ICCV), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Villarroel N° 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-2275551; Fax: +34-93-4513045
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Huang J, Qu Q, Dai Y, Ren D, Qian J, Ge J. Detrimental Role of PDZ-RhoGEF in Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. Hypertension 2023; 80:403-415. [PMID: 36448462 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postsynaptic density 95/disk-large/ZO-1 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (PDZ-RhoGEF, PRG) functions as a RhoGEF for activated Gα13 and transmits activation signals to downstream signaling pathways in various pathological processes. Although the prohypertrophic effect of activated Gα13 (guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha 13; a heterotrimeric G protein) is well-established, the role of PDZ-RhoGEF in pathological cardiac hypertrophy is still obscure. METHODS Genetically engineered mice and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were generated to investigate the function of PRG in pathological myocardial hypertrophy. The prohypertrophic stimuli-induced alternations in the morphology and intracellular signaling were measured in myocardium and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Furthermore, multiple molecular methodologies were used to identify the precise molecular mechanisms underlying PDZ-RhoGEF function. RESULTS Increased PDZ-RhoGEF expression was documented in both hypertrophied hearts and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Upon prohypertrophic stimuli, the PDZ-RhoGEF-deficient hearts displayed alleviated cardiomyocyte enlargement and attenuated collagen deposition with improved cardiac function, whereas the adverse hypertrophic responses in hearts and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were markedly exaggerated by PDZ-RhoGEF overexpression. Mechanistically, RhoA (ras homolog family member A)-dependent signaling pathways may function as the downstream effectors of PDZ-RhoGEF in hypertrophic remodeling, as confirmed by rescue experiments using a RhoA inhibitor and dominant-negative RhoA. Furthermore, PDZ-RhoGEF is associated with activated Gα13 and contributes to Gα13-mediated activation of RhoA-dependent signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide the first evidence that PDZ-RhoGEF promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy by linking activated Gα13 to RhoA-dependent signaling pathways. Therefore, PDZ-RhoGEF has the potential to be a diagnostic marker or therapeutic target for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China and National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine (J.H., Y.D., D.R., J.Q., J.G.)
| | - Qingrong Qu
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China and Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shanghai, China (Q.Q.)
| | - Yuxiang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China and National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine (J.H., Y.D., D.R., J.Q., J.G.)
| | - Daoyuan Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China and National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine (J.H., Y.D., D.R., J.Q., J.G.)
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China and National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine (J.H., Y.D., D.R., J.Q., J.G.)
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China and National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine (J.H., Y.D., D.R., J.Q., J.G.)
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Jiang H, Galtes D, Wang J, Rockman HA. G protein-coupled receptor signaling: transducers and effectors. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C731-C748. [PMID: 35816644 PMCID: PMC9448338 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00210.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are of considerable interest due to their importance in a wide range of physiological functions and in a large number of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs as therapeutic entities. With continued study of their function and mechanism of action, there is a greater understanding of how effector molecules interact with a receptor to initiate downstream effector signaling. This review aims to explore the signaling pathways, dynamic structures, and physiological relevance in the cardiovascular system of the three most important GPCR signaling effectors: heterotrimeric G proteins, GPCR kinases (GRKs), and β-arrestins. We will first summarize their prominent roles in GPCR pharmacology before transitioning into less well-explored areas. As new technologies are developed and applied to studying GPCR structure and their downstream effectors, there is increasing appreciation for the elegance of the regulatory mechanisms that mediate intracellular signaling and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Daniella Galtes
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jialu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Howard A Rockman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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6
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Guo P, Tai Y, Wang M, Sun H, Zhang L, Wei W, Xiang YK, Wang Q. Gα 12 and Gα 13: Versatility in Physiology and Pathology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:809425. [PMID: 35237598 PMCID: PMC8883321 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.809425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), as the largest family of receptors in the human body, are involved in the pathological mechanisms of many diseases. Heterotrimeric G proteins represent the main molecular switch and receive cell surface signals from activated GPCRs. Growing evidence suggests that Gα12 subfamily (Gα12/13)-mediated signaling plays a crucial role in cellular function and various pathological processes. The current research on the physiological and pathological function of Gα12/13 is constantly expanding, Changes in the expression levels of Gα12/13 have been found in a wide range of human diseases. However, the mechanistic research on Gα12/13 is scattered. This review briefly describes the structural sequences of the Gα12/13 isoforms and introduces the coupling of GPCRs and non-GPCRs to Gα12/13. The effects of Gα12/13 on RhoA and other signaling pathways and their roles in cell proliferation, migration, and immune cell function, are discussed. Finally, we focus on the pathological impacts of Gα12/13 in cancer, inflammation, metabolic diseases, fibrotic diseases, and circulatory disorders are brought to focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paipai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Tai
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Manman Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hanfei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, United States
| | - Qingtong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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7
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Ishihama S, Yoshida S, Yoshida T, Mori Y, Ouchi N, Eguchi S, Sakaguchi T, Tsuda T, Kato K, Shimizu Y, Ohashi K, Okumura T, Bando YK, Yagyu H, Wettschureck N, Kubota N, Offermanns S, Kadowaki T, Murohara T, Takefuji M. LPL/AQP7/GPD2 promotes glycerol metabolism under hypoxia and prevents cardiac dysfunction during ischemia. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22048. [PMID: 34807469 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100882r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the heart, fatty acid is a major energy substrate to fuel contraction under aerobic conditions. Ischemia downregulates fatty acid metabolism to adapt to the limited oxygen supply, making glucose the preferred substrate. However, the mechanism underlying the myocardial metabolic shift during ischemia remains unknown. Here, we show that lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression in cardiomyocytes, a principal enzyme that converts triglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol, increases during myocardial infarction (MI). Cardiomyocyte-specific LPL deficiency enhanced cardiac dysfunction and apoptosis following MI. Deficiency of aquaporin 7 (AQP7), a glycerol channel in cardiomyocytes, increased the myocardial infarct size and apoptosis in response to ischemia. Ischemic conditions activated glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2), which converts glycerol-3-phosphate into dihydroxyacetone phosphate to facilitate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis from glycerol. Conversely, GPD2 deficiency exacerbated cardiac dysfunction after acute MI. Moreover, cardiomyocyte-specific LPL deficiency suppressed the effectiveness of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist treatment for MI-induced cardiac dysfunction. These results suggest that LPL/AQP7/GPD2-mediated glycerol metabolism plays an important role in preventing myocardial ischemia-related damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohta Ishihama
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoya Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yu Mori
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Eguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Teruhiro Sakaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsuda
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuko K Bando
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yagyu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Katz DH, Tahir UA, Ngo D, Benson MD, Gao Y, Shi X, Nayor M, Keyes MJ, Larson MG, Hall ME, Correa A, Sinha S, Shen D, Herzig M, Yang Q, Robbins JM, Chen ZZ, Cruz DE, Peterson B, Vasan RS, Wang TJ, Wilson JG, Gerszten RE. Multiomic Profiling in Black and White Populations Reveals Novel Candidate Pathways in Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Incident Heart Failure Specific to Black Adults. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2021; 14:e003191. [PMID: 34019435 PMCID: PMC8497179 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.120.003191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased left ventricular (LV) mass is associated with adverse cardiovascular events including heart failure (HF). Both increased LV mass and HF disproportionately affect Black individuals. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we undertook a proteomic screen in a Black cohort and compared the findings to results from a White cohort. METHODS We measured 1305 plasma proteins using the SomaScan platform in 1772 Black participants (mean age, 56 years; 62% women) in JHS (Jackson Heart Study) with LV mass assessed by 2-dimensional echocardiography. Incident HF was assessed in 1600 participants. We then compared protein associations in JHS to those observed in White participants from FHS (Framingham Heart Study; mean age, 54 years; 56% women). RESULTS In JHS, there were 110 proteins associated with LV mass and 13 proteins associated with incident HF hospitalization with false discovery rate <5% after multivariable adjustment. Several proteins showed expected associations with both LV mass and HF, including NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; β=0.04; P=2×10-8; hazard ratio, 1.48; P=0.0001). The strongest association with LV mass was novel: LKHA4 (leukotriene-A4 hydrolase; β=0.05; P=5×10-15). This association was confirmed on an alternate proteomics platform and further supported by related metabolomic data. Fractalkine/CX3CL1 (C-X3-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1) showed a novel association with incident HF (hazard ratio, 1.32; P=0.0002). While established biomarkers such as cystatin C and NT-proBNP showed consistent associations in Black and White individuals, LKHA4 and fractalkine were significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS We identified several novel biological pathways specific to Black adults hypothesized to contribute to the pathophysiologic cascade of LV hypertrophy and incident HF including LKHA4 and fractalkine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Katz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Usman A. Tahir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Debby Ngo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Mark D. Benson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Yan Gao
- Univ of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Xu Shi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew Nayor
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Michelle J. Keyes
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham
| | | | | | | | - Sumita Sinha
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge
| | - Dongxiao Shen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew Herzig
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jeremy M. Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Zsu-Zsu Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel E. Cruz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Bennet Peterson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | | | - Thomas J. Wang
- Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - James G. Wilson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
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Neumann J, Boknik P, Kirchhefer U, Gergs U. The role of PP5 and PP2C in cardiac health and disease. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110035. [PMID: 33964402 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatases are important, for example, as functional antagonists of β-adrenergic stimulation of the mammalian heart. While β-adrenergic stimulations increase the phosphorylation state of regulatory proteins and therefore force of contraction in the heart, these phosphorylations are reversed and thus force is reduced by the activity of protein phosphatases. In this context the role of PP5 and PP2C is starting to unravel. They do not belong to the same family of phosphatases with regard to sequence homology, many similarities with regard to location, activation by lipids and putative substrates have been worked out over the years. We also suggest which pathways for regulation of PP5 and/or PP2C described in other tissues and not yet in the heart might be useful to look for in cardiac tissue. Both phosphatases might play a role in signal transduction of sarcolemmal receptors in the heart. Expression of PP5 and PP2C can be increased by extracellular stimuli in the heart. Because PP5 is overexpressed in failing animal and human hearts, and because overexpression of PP5 or PP2C leads to cardiac hypertrophy and KO of PP5 leads to cardiac hypotrophy, one might argue for a role of PP5 and PP2C in heart failure. Because PP5 and PP2C can reduce, at least in vitro, the phosphorylation state of proteins thought to be relevant for cardiac arrhythmias, a role of these phosphatases for cardiac arrhythmias is also probable. Thus, PP5 and PP2C might be druggable targets to treat important cardiac diseases like heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Neumann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 4, D-06097 Halle, Germany.
| | - Peter Boknik
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Domagkstraße 12, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Uwe Kirchhefer
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Domagkstraße 12, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Gergs
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 4, D-06097 Halle, Germany.
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10
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The Impact of microRNAs in Renin-Angiotensin-System-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094762. [PMID: 33946230 PMCID: PMC8124994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) indicates its central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular remodelling via both hemodynamic alterations and direct growth and the proliferation effects of angiotensin II or aldosterone resulting in the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and inflammatory immune cell activation. The noncoding regulatory microRNAs has recently emerged as a completely novel approach to the study of the RAS. A growing number of microRNAs serve as mediators and/or regulators of RAS-induced cardiac remodelling by directly targeting RAS enzymes, receptors, signalling molecules, or inhibitors of signalling pathways. Specifically, microRNAs that directly modulate pro-hypertrophic, pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory signalling initiated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) stimulation are of particular relevance in mediating the cardiovascular effects of the RAS. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge in the field that is still in the early stage of preclinical investigation with occasionally conflicting reports. Understanding the big picture of microRNAs not only aids in the improved understanding of cardiac response to injury but also leads to better therapeutic strategies utilizing microRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic agents and pharmacological targets.
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11
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Development of an AAV9-RNAi-mediated silencing strategy to abrogate TRPM4 expression in the adult heart. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:533-546. [PMID: 33580817 PMCID: PMC7940300 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02521-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cation channel transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) is a calcium-activated non-selective cation channel and acts in cardiomyocytes as a negative modulator of the L-type Ca2+ influx. Global deletion of TRPM4 in the mouse led to increased cardiac contractility under β-adrenergic stimulation. Consequently, cardiomyocyte-specific inactivation of the TRPM4 function appears to be a promising strategy to improve cardiac contractility in heart failure patients. The aim of this study was to develop a gene therapy approach in mice that specifically silences the expression of TRPM4 in cardiomyocytes. First, short hairpin RNAmiR30 (shRNAmiR30) sequences against the TRPM4 mRNA were screened in vitro using lentiviral transduction for a stable expression of the shRNA cassettes. Western blot analysis identified three efficient shRNAmiR30 sequences out of six, which reduced the endogenous TRPM4 protein level by up to 90 ± 6%. Subsequently, the most efficient shRNAmiR30 sequences were delivered into cardiomyocytes of adult mice using adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-mediated gene transfer. Initially, the AAV9 vector particles were administered via the lateral tail vein, which resulted in a downregulation of TRPM4 by 46 ± 2%. Next, various optimization steps were carried out to improve knockdown efficiency in vivo. First, the design of the expression cassette was streamlined for integration in a self-complementary AAV vector backbone for a faster expression. Compared to the application via the lateral tail vein, intravenous application via the retro-orbital sinus has the advantage that the vector solution reaches the heart directly and in a high concentration, and eventually a TRPM4 knockdown efficiency of 90 ± 7% in the heart was accomplished by this approach. By optimization of the shRNAmiR30 constructs and expression cassette as well as the route of AAV9 vector application, a 90% reduction of TRPM4 expression was achieved in the adult mouse heart. In the future, AAV9-RNAi-mediated inactivation of TRPM4 could be a promising strategy to increase cardiac contractility in preclinical animal models of acute and chronic forms of cardiac contractile failure.
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12
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Li H, Wang Y, Liu J, Chen X, Duan Y, Wang X, Shen Y, Kuang Y, Zhuang T, Tomlinson B, Chan P, Yu Z, Cheng Y, Zhang L, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Zhang Q, Liu J. Endothelial Klf2-Foxp1-TGFβ signal mediates the inhibitory effects of simvastatin on maladaptive cardiac remodeling. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1609-1625. [PMID: 33408770 PMCID: PMC7778601 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Pathological cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy are common features of left ventricular remodeling that often progress to heart failure (HF). Endothelial cells (ECs) are the most abundant non-myocyte cells in adult mouse heart. Simvastatin, a strong inducer of Krüppel-like Factor 2 (Klf2) in ECs, ameliorates pressure overload induced maladaptive cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. This study aims to explore the detailed molecular mechanisms of the anti-remodeling effects of simvastatin. Methods and Results: RGD-magnetic-nanoparticles were used to endothelial specific delivery of siRNA and we found absence of simvastatin's protective effect on pressure overload induced maladaptive cardiac remodeling and dysfunction after in vivo inhibition of EC-Klf2. Mechanism studies showed that EC-Klf2 inhibition reversed the simvastatin-mediated reduction of fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast formation, as well as cardiomyocyte size and cardiac hypertrophic genes, which suggested that EC-Klf2 might mediate the anti-fibrotic and anti-hypertrophy effects of simvastatin. Similar effects were observed after Klf2 inhibition in cultured ECs. Moreover, Klf2 regulated its direct target gene TGFβ1 in ECs and mediated the protective effects of simvastatin, and inhibition of EC-Klf2 increased the expression of EC-TGFβ1 leading to simvastatin losing its protective effects. Also, EC-Klf2 was found to regulate EC-Foxp1 and loss of EC-Foxp1 attenuated the protective effects of simvastatin similar to EC-Klf2 inhibition. Conclusions: We conclude that cardiac microvasculature ECs are important in the modulation of pressure overload induced maladaptive cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, and the endothelial Klf2-TGFβ1 or Klf2-Foxp1-TGFβ1 pathway mediates the preventive effects of simvastatin. This study demonstrates a novel mechanism of the non-cholesterol lowering effects of simvastatin for HF prevention.
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13
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Medert R, Pironet A, Bacmeister L, Segin S, Londoño JEC, Vennekens R, Freichel M. Genetic background influences expression and function of the cation channel TRPM4 in the mouse heart. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:70. [PMID: 33205255 PMCID: PMC7671982 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-00831-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) cation channels act in cardiomyocytes as a negative modulator of the L-type Ca2+ current. Ubiquitous Trpm4 deletion in mice leads to an increased β-adrenergic inotropy in healthy mice as well as after myocardial infarction. In this study, we set out to investigate cardiac inotropy in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific Trpm4 deletion. The results guided us to investigate the relevance of TRPM4 for catecholamine-evoked Ca2+ signaling in cardiomyocytes and inotropy in vivo in TRPM4-deficient mouse models of different genetic background. Cardiac hemodynamics were investigated using pressure-volume analysis. Surprisingly, an increased β-adrenergic inotropy was observed in global TRPM4-deficient mice on a 129SvJ genetic background, but the inotropic response was unaltered in mice with global and cardiomyocyte-specific TRPM4 deletion on the C57Bl/6N background. We found that the expression of TRPM4 proteins is about 78 ± 10% higher in wild-type mice on the 129SvJ versus C57Bl/6N background. In accordance with contractility measurements, our analysis of the intracellular Ca2+ transients revealed an increase in ISO-evoked Ca2+ rise in Trpm4-deficient cardiomyocytes of the 129SvJ strain, but not of the C57Bl/6N strain. No significant differences were observed between the two mouse strains in the expression of other regulators of cardiomyocyte Ca2+ homeostasis. We conclude that the relevance of TRPM4 for cardiac contractility depends on homeostatic TRPM4 expression levels or the genetic endowment in different mouse strains as well as on the health/disease status. Therefore, the concept of inhibiting TRPM4 channels to improve cardiac contractility needs to be carefully explored in specific strains and species and prospectively in different genetically diverse populations of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Medert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andy Pironet
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, TRP Research Platform Leuven, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Bacmeister
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Segin
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juan E Camacho Londoño
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rudi Vennekens
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, TRP Research Platform Leuven, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Freichel
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.
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14
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Segin S, Berlin M, Richter C, Medert R, Flockerzi V, Worley P, Freichel M, Camacho Londoño JE. Cardiomyocyte-Specific Deletion of Orai1 Reveals Its Protective Role in Angiotensin-II-Induced Pathological Cardiac Remodeling. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051092. [PMID: 32354146 PMCID: PMC7290784 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac remodeling correlates with chronic neurohumoral stimulation and abnormal Ca2+ signaling in cardiomyocytes. Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) has been described in adult and neonatal murine cardiomyocytes, and Orai1 proteins act as crucial ion-conducting constituents of this calcium entry pathway that can be engaged not only by passive Ca2+ store depletion but also by neurohumoral stimuli such as angiotensin-II. In this study, we, therefore, analyzed the consequences of Orai1 deletion for cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes as well as for other features of pathological cardiac remodeling including cardiac contractile function in vivo. Cellular hypertrophy induced by angiotensin-II in embryonic cardiomyocytes from Orai1-deficient mice was blunted in comparison to cells from litter-matched control mice. Due to lethality of mice with ubiquitous Orai1 deficiency and to selectively analyze the role of Orai1 in adult cardiomyocytes, we generated a cardiomyocyte-specific and temporally inducible Orai1 knockout mouse line (Orai1CM–KO). Analysis of cardiac contractility by pressure-volume loops under basal conditions and of cardiac histology did not reveal differences between Orai1CM–KO mice and controls. Moreover, deletion of Orai1 in cardiomyocytes in adult mice did not protect them from angiotensin-II-induced cardiac remodeling, but cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and cardiac fibrosis were enhanced. These alterations in the absence of Orai1 go along with blunted angiotensin-II-induced upregulation of the expression of Myoz2 and a lack of rise in angiotensin-II-induced STIM1 and Orai3 expression. In contrast to embryonic cardiomyocytes, where Orai1 contributes to the development of cellular hypertrophy, the results obtained from deletion of Orai1 in the adult myocardium reveal a protective function of Orai1 against the development of angiotensin-II-induced cardiac remodeling, possibly involving signaling via Orai3/STIM1-calcineurin-NFAT related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Segin
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, INF 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (R.M.); (M.F.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Berlin
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, INF 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (R.M.); (M.F.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christin Richter
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, INF 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (R.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Rebekka Medert
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, INF 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (R.M.); (M.F.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Paul Worley
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Marc Freichel
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, INF 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (R.M.); (M.F.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juan E. Camacho Londoño
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, INF 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (R.M.); (M.F.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-54-86863; Fax: +49-6221-54-8644
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15
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Deng M, Yang S, Ji Y, Lu Y, Qiu M, Sheng Y, Sun W, Kong X. Overexpression of peptidase inhibitor 16 attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis via regulating HDAC1 of cardiac fibroblasts. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5249-5259. [PMID: 32227584 PMCID: PMC7205788 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis are the major causes of heart failure due to non‐ischaemia heart disease. To date, no specific therapy exists for cardiac fibrosis due to the largely unknown mechanisms of disease and lack of applicable therapeutic targets. In this study, we aimed to explore the role and associated mechanism of peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16) in cardiac fibrosis induced by angiotensin II. In cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), overexpressed PI16 significantly inhibited CF proliferation and the levels of fibrosis‐associated proteins. Further analysis of epigenetic changes in CF revealed that overexpressed PI16 decreases the nuclear level of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) after angiotensin II treatment, resulting in increased histone 3 acetylation in K18 and K27 lysine. However, overexpression of HDAC1 by an adenovirus vector in CFs reversed these changes. Echocardiography showed that PI16 transgenic (Tg) mice have smaller left ventricle mass than wild‐type mice. Histological analysis data showed that PI16 Tg mice demonstrated smaller cardiomyocyte size and less collagen deposition than wild‐type mice. The effects of PI16 on HDAC1 and histone 3 were also confirmed in PI16 Tg mice using immunostaining. Generally, PI16 is a HDAC1 regulator specifically in CFs, and PI16 overexpression prevents cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by inhibiting stress‐induced CF activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Deng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiovascular Device and Technique Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiovascular Device and Technique Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiovascular Device and Technique Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiovascular Device and Technique Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiovascular Device and Technique Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhui Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiovascular Device and Technique Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiovascular Device and Technique Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiovascular Device and Technique Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Sakaguchi T, Takefuji M, Wettschureck N, Hamaguchi T, Amano M, Kato K, Tsuda T, Eguchi S, Ishihama S, Mori Y, Yura Y, Yoshida T, Unno K, Okumura T, Ishii H, Shimizu Y, Bando YK, Ohashi K, Ouchi N, Enomoto A, Offermanns S, Kaibuchi K, Murohara T. Protein Kinase N Promotes Stress-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction Through Phosphorylation of Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor A and Disruption of Its Interaction With Actin. Circulation 2019; 140:1737-1752. [PMID: 31564129 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a complex syndrome that results from structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or blood ejection. Protein phosphorylation is a major and essential intracellular mechanism that mediates various cellular processes in cardiomyocytes in response to extracellular and intracellular signals. The RHOA-associated protein kinase (ROCK/Rho-kinase), an effector regulated by the small GTPase RHOA, causes pathological phosphorylation of proteins, resulting in cardiovascular diseases. RHOA also activates protein kinase N (PKN); however, the role of PKN in cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. METHODS To explore the role of PKNs in heart failure, we generated tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific PKN1- and PKN2-knockout mice by intercrossing the αMHC-CreERT2 line with Pkn1flox/flox and Pkn2flox/flox mice and applied a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction- and angiotensin II-induced heart failure. To identify a novel substrate of PKNs, we incubated GST-tagged myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTFA) with recombinant GST-PKN-catalytic domain or GST-ROCK-catalytic domain in the presence of radiolabeled ATP and detected radioactive GST-MRTFA as phosphorylated MRTFA. RESULTS We demonstrated that RHOA activates 2 members of the PKN family of proteins, PKN1 and PKN2, in cardiomyocytes of mice with cardiac dysfunction. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the genes encoding Pkn1 and Pkn2 (cmc-PKN1/2 DKO) did not affect basal heart function but protected mice from pressure overload- and angiotensin II-induced cardiac dysfunction. Furthermore, we identified MRTFA as a novel substrate of PKN1 and PKN2 and found that MRTFA phosphorylation by PKN was considerably more effective than that by ROCK in vitro. We confirmed that endogenous MRTFA phosphorylation in the heart was induced by pressure overload- and angiotensin II-induced cardiac dysfunction in wild-type mice, whereas cmc-PKN1/2 DKO mice suppressed transverse aortic constriction- and angiotensin II-induced phosphorylation of MRTFA. Although RHOA-mediated actin polymerization accelerated MRTFA-induced gene transcription, PKN1 and PKN2 inhibited the interaction of MRTFA with globular actin by phosphorylating MRTFA, causing increased serum response factor-mediated expression of cardiac hypertrophy- and fibrosis-associated genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that PKN1 and PKN2 activation causes cardiac dysfunction and is involved in the transition to heart failure, thus providing unique targets for therapeutic intervention for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiro Sakaguchi
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (N.W., S.O.)
| | - Tomonari Hamaguchi
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Amano
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsuda
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Eguchi
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sohta Ishihama
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yu Mori
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Yura
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.,Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Unno
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yasuko K Bando
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Molecular Medicine and Cardiology (K.O., N.O.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Molecular Medicine and Cardiology (K.O., N.O.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Pathology (A.E.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (N.W., S.O.)
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
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17
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Frankenreiter S, Groneberg D, Kuret A, Krieg T, Ruth P, Friebe A, Lukowski R. Cardioprotection by ischemic postconditioning and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-elevating agents involves cardiomyocyte nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:822-829. [PMID: 29438488 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims It has been suggested that the nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent signalling pathway affords protection against cardiac damage during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is, however, not clear whether the NO-GC/cGMP system confers its favourable effects through a mechanism located in cardiomyocytes (CMs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the infarct-limiting effects of the endogenous NO-GC in CMs in vivo. Methods and results Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury was evaluated in mice with a CM-specific deletion of NO-GC (CM NO-GC KO) and in control siblings (CM NO-GC CTR) subjected to an in vivo model of AMI. Lack of CM NO-GC resulted in a mild increase in blood pressure but did not affect basal infarct sizes after I/R. Ischemic postconditioning (iPost), administration of the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors sildenafil and tadalafil as well as the NO-GC activator cinaciguat significantly reduced the amount of infarction in control mice but not in CM NO-GC KO littermates. Interestingly, NS11021, an opener of the large-conductance and Ca2+-activated potassium channel (BK), an important downstream effector of cGMP/cGKI in the cardiovascular system, protects I/R-exposed hearts of CM NO-GC proficient and deficient mice. Conclusions These findings demonstrate an important role of CM NO-GC for the cardioprotective signalling following AMI in vivo. CM NO-GC function is essential for the beneficial effects on infarct size elicited by iPost and pharmacological elevation of cGMP; however, lack of CM NO-GC does not seem to disrupt the cardioprotection mediated by the BK opener NS11021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Frankenreiter
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Groneberg
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Kuret
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Friebe
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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18
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Kim JC, Pérez-Hernández M, Alvarado FJ, Maurya SR, Montnach J, Yin Y, Zhang M, Lin X, Vasquez C, Heguy A, Liang FX, Woo SH, Morley GE, Rothenberg E, Lundby A, Valdivia HH, Cerrone M, Delmar M. Disruption of Ca 2+i Homeostasis and Connexin 43 Hemichannel Function in the Right Ventricle Precedes Overt Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy in Plakophilin-2-Deficient Mice. Circulation 2019; 140:1015-1030. [PMID: 31315456 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.039710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plakophilin-2 (PKP2) is classically defined as a desmosomal protein. Mutations in PKP2 associate with most cases of gene-positive arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. A better understanding of PKP2 cardiac biology can help elucidate the mechanisms underlying arrhythmic and cardiomyopathic events consequent to PKP2 deficiency. Here, we sought to capture early molecular/cellular events that can act as nascent arrhythmic/cardiomyopathic substrates. METHODS We used multiple imaging, biochemical and high-resolution mass spectrometry methods to study functional/structural properties of cells/tissues derived from cardiomyocyte-specific, tamoxifen-activated, PKP2 knockout mice (PKP2cKO) 14 days post-tamoxifen injection, a time point preceding overt electrical or structural phenotypes. Myocytes from right or left ventricular free wall were studied separately. RESULTS Most properties of PKP2cKO left ventricular myocytes were not different from control; in contrast, PKP2cKO right ventricular (RV) myocytes showed increased amplitude and duration of Ca2+ transients, increased Ca2+ in the cytoplasm and sarcoplasmic reticulum, increased frequency of spontaneous Ca2+ release events (sparks) even at comparable sarcoplasmic reticulum load, and dynamic Ca2+ accumulation in mitochondria. We also observed early- and delayed-after transients in RV myocytes and heightened susceptibility to arrhythmias in Langendorff-perfused hearts. In addition, ryanodine receptor 2 in PKP2cKO-RV cells presented enhanced Ca2+ sensitivity and preferential phosphorylation in a domain known to modulate Ca2+ gating. RNAseq at 14 days post-tamoxifen showed no relevant difference in transcript abundance between RV and left ventricle, neither in control nor in PKP2cKO cells. Instead, we found an RV-predominant increase in membrane permeability that can permit Ca2+ entry into the cell. Connexin 43 ablation mitigated the membrane permeability increase, accumulation of cytoplasmic Ca2+, increased frequency of sparks and early stages of RV dysfunction. Connexin 43 hemichannel block with GAP19 normalized [Ca2+]i homeostasis. Similarly, protein kinase C inhibition normalized spark frequency at comparable sarcoplasmic reticulum load levels. CONCLUSIONS Loss of PKP2 creates an RV-predominant arrhythmogenic substrate (Ca2+ dysregulation) that precedes the cardiomyopathy; this is, at least in part, mediated by a Connexin 43-dependent membrane conduit and repressed by protein kinase C inhibitors. Given that asymmetric Ca2+ dysregulation precedes the cardiomyopathic stage, we speculate that abnormal Ca2+ handling in RV myocytes can be a trigger for gross structural changes observed at a later stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Chul Kim
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology (J.C.K., M.P.H., M.Z., X.L., C.V., M.C., M.D.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Marta Pérez-Hernández
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology (J.C.K., M.P.H., M.Z., X.L., C.V., M.C., M.D.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Francisco J Alvarado
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (F.J.A., H.H.V.)
| | - Svetlana R Maurya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.R.M., A.L.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jerome Montnach
- Institut du Thorax, Nouvelle Universite a Nantes, INSERM, Nantes Cedex 1, France (J.M.)
| | - Yandong Yin
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry (Y.Y., E.R.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology (J.C.K., M.P.H., M.Z., X.L., C.V., M.C., M.D.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Xianming Lin
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology (J.C.K., M.P.H., M.Z., X.L., C.V., M.C., M.D.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Carolina Vasquez
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology (J.C.K., M.P.H., M.Z., X.L., C.V., M.C., M.D.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Department of Pathology and Genome Technology Center (A.H., G.E.M.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Feng-Xia Liang
- Microscopy Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies (F.X.L.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Sun-Hee Woo
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Chungam National University, Daejeon, South Korea (S.H.W.)
| | - Gregory E Morley
- Department of Pathology and Genome Technology Center (A.H., G.E.M.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Eli Rothenberg
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry (Y.Y., E.R.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Alicia Lundby
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.R.M., A.L.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,NNF Center for Protein Research (A.L.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hector H Valdivia
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (F.J.A., H.H.V.)
| | - Marina Cerrone
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology (J.C.K., M.P.H., M.Z., X.L., C.V., M.C., M.D.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology (J.C.K., M.P.H., M.Z., X.L., C.V., M.C., M.D.), New York University School of Medicine
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19
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Eguchi S, Takefuji M, Sakaguchi T, Ishihama S, Mori Y, Tsuda T, Takikawa T, Yoshida T, Ohashi K, Shimizu Y, Hayashida R, Kondo K, Bando YK, Ouchi N, Murohara T. Cardiomyocytes capture stem cell-derived, anti-apoptotic microRNA-214 via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in acute myocardial infarction. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11665-11674. [PMID: 31217281 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key mediators of intercellular communication that have the potential to improve cardiac function when used in cell-based therapy. However, the means by which cardiomyocytes respond to EVs remains unclear. Here, we sought to clarify the role of exosomes in improving cardiac function by investigating the effect of cardiomyocyte endocytosis of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells on acute myocardial infarction (MI). Exposing cardiomyocytes to the culture supernatant of adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) prevented cardiomyocyte cell damage under hypoxia in vitro. In vivo, the injection of ADRCs into the heart simultaneous with coronary artery ligation decreased overall cardiac infarct area and prevented cardiac rupture after acute MI. Quantitative RT-PCR-based analysis of the expression of 35 known anti-apoptotic and secreted microRNAs (miRNAs) in ADRCs revealed that ADRCs express several of these miRNAs, among which miR-214 was the most abundant. Of note, miR-214 silencing in ADRCs significantly impaired the anti-apoptotic effects of the ADRC treatment on cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo To examine cardiomyocyte endocytosis of exosomes, we cultured the cardiomyocytes with ADRC-derived exosomes labeled with the fluorescent dye PKH67 and found that hypoxic culture conditions increased the levels of the labeled exosomes in cardiomyocytes. Chlorpromazine, an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, significantly suppressed the ADRC-induced decrease of hypoxia-damaged cardiomyocytes and also decreased hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte capture of both labeled EVs and extracellular miR-214 secreted from ADRCs. Our results indicate that clathrin-mediated endocytosis in cardiomyocytes plays a critical role in their uptake of circulating, exosome-associated miRNAs that inhibit apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Eguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Teruhiro Sakaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Sohta Ishihama
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Mori
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsuda
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Takikawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Ryo Hayashida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kondo
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuko K Bando
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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20
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Forrester SJ, Booz GW, Sigmund CD, Coffman TM, Kawai T, Rizzo V, Scalia R, Eguchi S. Angiotensin II Signal Transduction: An Update on Mechanisms of Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1627-1738. [PMID: 29873596 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is believed to mediate most functions of ANG II in the system. AT1R utilizes various signal transduction cascades causing hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling, and end organ damage. Moreover, functional cross-talk between AT1R signaling pathways and other signaling pathways have been recognized. Accumulating evidence reveals the complexity of ANG II signal transduction in pathophysiology of the vasculature, heart, kidney, and brain, as well as several pathophysiological features, including inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and aging. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update of the ANG II receptor signaling events and their functional significances for potential translation into therapeutic strategies. AT1R remains central to the system in mediating physiological and pathophysiological functions of ANG II, and participation of specific signaling pathways becomes much clearer. There are still certain limitations and many controversies, and several noteworthy new concepts require further support. However, it is expected that rigorous translational research of the ANG II signaling pathways including those in large animals and humans will contribute to establishing effective new therapies against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - George W Booz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Curt D Sigmund
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas M Coffman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
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21
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Cerrone M, van Opbergen CJM, Malkani K, Irrera N, Zhang M, Van Veen TAB, Cronstein B, Delmar M. Blockade of the Adenosine 2A Receptor Mitigates the Cardiomyopathy Induced by Loss of Plakophilin-2 Expression. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1750. [PMID: 30568602 PMCID: PMC6290386 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mutations in plakophilin-2 (PKP2) are the most common cause of familial Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, a disease characterized by ventricular arrhythmias, sudden death, and progressive fibrofatty cardiomyopathy. The relation between loss of PKP2 expression and structural cardiomyopathy remains under study, though paracrine activation of pro-fibrotic intracellular signaling cascades is a likely event. Previous studies have indicated that ATP release into the intracellular space, and activation of adenosine receptors, can regulate fibrosis in various tissues. However, the role of this mechanism in the heart, and in the specific case of a PKP2-initiated cardiomyopathy, remains unexplored. Objectives: To investigate the role of ATP/adenosine in the progression of a PKP2-associated cardiomyopathy. Methods: HL1 cells were used to study PKP2- and Connexin43 (Cx43)-dependent ATP release. A cardiac-specific, tamoxifen-activated PKP2 knock-out murine model (PKP2cKO) was used to define the effect of adenosine receptor blockade on the progression of a PKP2-dependent cardiomyopathy. Results: HL1 cells silenced for PKP2 showed increased ATP release compared to control. Knockout of Cx43 in the same cells blunted the effect. PKP2cKO transcriptomic data revealed overexpression of genes involved in adenosine-receptor cascades. Istradefylline (an adenosine 2A receptor blocker) tempered the progression of fibrosis and mechanical failure observed in PKP2cKO mice. In contrast, PSB115, a blocker of the 2B adenosine receptor, showed opposite effects. Conclusion: Paracrine adenosine 2A receptor activation contributes to the progression of fibrosis and impaired cardiac function in animals deficient in PKP2. Given the limitations of the animal model, translation to the case of patients with PKP2 deficiency needs to be done with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cerrone
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chantal J M van Opbergen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kabir Malkani
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Division of Translational Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Toon A B Van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bruce Cronstein
- Division of Translational Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mario Delmar
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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22
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Divorty N, Milligan G, Graham D, Nicklin SA. The Orphan Receptor GPR35 Contributes to Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Cardiac Dysfunction in Mice. Am J Hypertens 2018; 31:1049-1058. [PMID: 29860395 PMCID: PMC6077831 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpy073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The orphan receptor G protein–coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) has been associated with a range of diseases, including cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure. To assess the potential for GPR35 as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease, this study investigated the cardiovascular phenotype of a GPR35 knockout mouse under both basal conditions and following pathophysiological stimulation. METHODS Blood pressure was monitored in male wild-type and GPR35 knockout mice over 7–14 days using implantable telemetry. Cardiac function and dimensions were assessed using echocardiography, and cardiomyocyte morphology evaluated histologically. Two weeks of angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion was used to investigate the effects of GPR35 deficiency under pathophysiological conditions. Gpr35 messenger RNA expression in cardiovascular tissues was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS There were no significant differences in blood pressure, cardiac function, or cardiomyocyte morphology in GPR35 knockout mice compared with wild-type mice. Following Ang II infusion, GPR35 knockout mice were protected from significant increases in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure or impaired left ventricular systolic function, in contrast to wild-type mice. There were no significant differences in Gpr35 messenger RNA expression in heart, kidney, and aorta following Ang II infusion in wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS Although GPR35 does not appear to influence basal cardiovascular regulation, these findings demonstrate that it plays an important pathological role in the development of Ang II–induced hypertension and impaired cardiac function. This suggests that GPR35 is a potential novel drug target for therapeutic intervention in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Divorty
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Milligan
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Delyth Graham
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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23
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Mastop M, Reinhard NR, Zuconelli CR, Terwey F, Gadella TWJ, van Unen J, Adjobo-Hermans MJW, Goedhart J. A FRET-based biosensor for measuring Gα13 activation in single cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193705. [PMID: 29505611 PMCID: PMC5837189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) provides a way to directly observe the activation of heterotrimeric G-proteins by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). To this end, FRET based biosensors are made, employing heterotrimeric G-protein subunits tagged with fluorescent proteins. These FRET based biosensors complement existing, indirect, ways to observe GPCR activation. Here we report on the insertion of mTurquoise2 at several sites in the human Gα13 subunit, aiming to develop a FRET-based Gα13 activation biosensor. Three fluorescently tagged Gα13 variants were found to be functional based on i) plasma membrane localization and ii) ability to recruit p115-RhoGEF upon activation of the LPA2 receptor. The tagged Gα13 subunits were used as FRET donor and combined with cp173Venus fused to the Gγ2 subunit, as the acceptor. We constructed Gα13 biosensors by generating a single plasmid that produces Gα13-mTurquoise2, Gβ1 and cp173Venus-Gγ2. The Gα13 activation biosensors showed a rapid and robust response when used in primary human endothelial cells that were exposed to thrombin, triggering endogenous protease activated receptors (PARs). This response was efficiently inhibited by the RGS domain of p115-RhoGEF and from the biosensor data we inferred that this is due to GAP activity. Finally, we demonstrated that the Gα13 sensor can be used to dissect heterotrimeric G-protein coupling efficiency in single living cells. We conclude that the Gα13 biosensor is a valuable tool for live-cell measurements that probe spatiotemporal aspects of Gα13 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Mastop
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie R. Reinhard
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cristiane R. Zuconelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fenna Terwey
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theodorus W. J. Gadella
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jakobus van Unen
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Merel J. W. Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Goedhart
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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24
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Gélinas R, Mailleux F, Dontaine J, Bultot L, Demeulder B, Ginion A, Daskalopoulos EP, Esfahani H, Dubois-Deruy E, Lauzier B, Gauthier C, Olson AK, Bouchard B, Des Rosiers C, Viollet B, Sakamoto K, Balligand JL, Vanoverschelde JL, Beauloye C, Horman S, Bertrand L. AMPK activation counteracts cardiac hypertrophy by reducing O-GlcNAcylation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:374. [PMID: 29371602 PMCID: PMC5785516 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02795-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been shown to inhibit cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we show that submaximal AMPK activation blocks cardiomyocyte hypertrophy without affecting downstream targets previously suggested to be involved, such as p70 ribosomal S6 protein kinase, calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases. Instead, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is accompanied by increased protein O-GlcNAcylation, which is reversed by AMPK activation. Decreasing O-GlcNAcylation by inhibitors of the glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT), blocks cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, mimicking AMPK activation. Conversely, O-GlcNAcylation-inducing agents counteract the anti-hypertrophic effect of AMPK. In vivo, AMPK activation prevents myocardial hypertrophy and the concomitant rise of O-GlcNAcylation in wild-type but not in AMPKα2-deficient mice. Treatment of wild-type mice with O-GlcNAcylation-inducing agents reverses AMPK action. Finally, we demonstrate that AMPK inhibits O-GlcNAcylation by mainly controlling GFAT phosphorylation, thereby reducing O-GlcNAcylation of proteins such as troponin T. We conclude that AMPK activation prevents cardiac hypertrophy predominantly by inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roselle Gélinas
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Florence Mailleux
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Justine Dontaine
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Laurent Bultot
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Demeulder
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Audrey Ginion
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Evangelos P Daskalopoulos
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Hrag Esfahani
- Pole of Pharmacotherapy, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Emilie Dubois-Deruy
- Pole of Pharmacotherapy, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Lauzier
- l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Univ. Nantes, Nantes, 44007, France
| | - Chantal Gauthier
- l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Univ. Nantes, Nantes, 44007, France
| | - Aaron K Olson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, 98105-0371, WA, USA.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | | | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, H1T 1C8, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1A8, Canada
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, 75014, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, 75014, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75014, France
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Pole of Pharmacotherapy, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Vanoverschelde
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium.,Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium.,Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium.
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25
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A proteolytic fragment of histone deacetylase 4 protects the heart from failure by regulating the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Nat Med 2017; 24:62-72. [DOI: 10.1038/nm.4452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Liu S, Lu S, Xu R, Atzberger A, Günther S, Wettschureck N, Offermanns S. Members of Bitter Taste Receptor Cluster Tas2r143/Tas2r135/Tas2r126 Are Expressed in the Epithelium of Murine Airways and Other Non-gustatory Tissues. Front Physiol 2017; 8:849. [PMID: 29163195 PMCID: PMC5670347 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse bitter taste receptors Tas2r143, Tas2r135, and Tas2r126 are encoded by genes that cluster on chromosome 6 and have been suggested to be expressed under common regulatory elements. Previous studies indicated that the Tas2r143/Tas2r135/Tas2r126 cluster is expressed in the heart, but other organs had not been systematically analyzed. In order to investigate the expression of this bitter taste receptor gene cluster in non-gustatory tissues, we generated a BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) based transgenic mouse line, expressing CreERT2 under the control of the Tas2r143 promoter. After crossing this line with a mouse line expressing EGFP after Cre-mediated recombination, we were able to validate the Tas2r143-CreERT2 transgenic mouse line and monitor the expression of Tas2r143. EGFP-positive cells, indicating expression of members of the cluster, were found in about 47% of taste buds, and could also be found in several other organs. A population of EGFP-positive cells was identified in thymic epithelial cells, in the lamina propria of the intestine and in vascular smooth muscle cells of cardiac blood vessels. EGFP-positive cells were also identified in the epithelium of organs readily exposed to pathogens including lower airways, the gastrointestinal tract, urethra, vagina, and cervix. With respect to the function of cells expressing this bitter taste receptor cluster, RNA-seq analysis in EGFP-positive cells isolated from the epithelium of trachea and stomach showed expression of genes related to innate immunity. These data further support the concept that bitter taste receptors serve functions outside the gustatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ann Atzberger
- Flow Cytometry Service Facility, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- ECCPS Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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27
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Thunemann M, Schörg BF, Feil S, Lin Y, Voelkl J, Golla M, Vachaviolos A, Kohlhofer U, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Olbrich M, Ehrlichmann W, Reischl G, Griessinger CM, Langer HF, Gawaz M, Lang F, Schäfers M, Kneilling M, Pichler BJ, Feil R. Cre/lox-assisted non-invasive in vivo tracking of specific cell populations by positron emission tomography. Nat Commun 2017; 8:444. [PMID: 28874662 PMCID: PMC5585248 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00482-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many pathophysiological processes are associated with proliferation, migration or death of distinct cell populations. Monitoring specific cell types and their progeny in a non-invasive, longitudinal and quantitative manner is still challenging. Here we show a novel cell-tracking system that combines Cre/lox-assisted cell fate mapping with a thymidine kinase (sr39tk) reporter gene for cell detection by positron emission tomography (PET). We generate Rosa26-mT/sr39tk PET reporter mice and induce sr39tk expression in platelets, T lymphocytes or cardiomyocytes. As proof of concept, we demonstrate that our mouse model permits longitudinal PET imaging and quantification of T-cell homing during inflammation and cardiomyocyte viability after myocardial infarction. Moreover, Rosa26-mT/sr39tk mice are useful for whole-body characterization of transgenic Cre mice and to detect previously unknown Cre activity. We anticipate that the Cre-switchable PET reporter mice will be broadly applicable for non-invasive long-term tracking of selected cell populations in vivo.Non-invasive cell tracking is a powerful method to visualize cells in vivo under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Here Thunemann et al. generate a mouse model for in vivo tracking and quantification of specific cell types by combining a PET reporter gene with Cre-dependent activation that can be exploited for any cell population for which a Cre mouse line is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Thunemann
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Barbara F Schörg
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Physiologisches Institut I, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Golla
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Angelos Vachaviolos
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ursula Kohlhofer
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Olbrich
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Walter Ehrlichmann
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerald Reischl
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph M Griessinger
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald F Langer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Physiologisches Institut I, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, European Institute for Molecular Imaging & EXC 1003 Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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28
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He Z, Yang Y, Wen Z, Chen C, Xu X, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Wang DW. CYP2J2 metabolites, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, attenuate Ang II-induced cardiac fibrotic response by targeting Gα 12/13. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1338-1353. [PMID: 28554983 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m074229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The arachidonic acid-cytochrome P450 2J2-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (AA-CYP2J2-EET) metabolic pathway has been identified to be protective in the cardiovascular system. This study explored the effects of the AA-CYP2J2-EET metabolic pathway on cardiac fibrosis from the perspective of cardiac fibroblasts and underlying mechanisms. In in vivo studies, 8-week-old male CYP2J2 transgenic mice (aMHC-CYP2J2-Tr) and littermates were infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) or saline for 2 weeks. Results showed that CYP2J2 overexpression increased EET production. Meanwhile, impairment of cardiac function and fibrotic response were attenuated by CYP2J2 overexpression. The effects of CYP2J2 were associated with reduced activation of the α subunits of G12 family G proteins (Gα12/13)/RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) cascade and elevation of the NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) level in cardiac tissue. In in vitro studies, cardiac fibroblast activation, proliferation, migration, and collagen production induced by Ang II were associated with activation of the Gα12/13/RhoA/ROCK pathway, which was inhibited by exogenous 11,12-EET. Moreover, silencing of Gα12/13 or RhoA exerted similar effects as 11,12-EET. Furthermore, inhibitory effects of 11,12-EET on Gα12/13 were blocked by NO/cGMP pathway inhibitors. Our findings indicate that enhancement of the AA-CYP2J2-EET metabolic pathway by CYP2J2 overexpression attenuates Ang II-induced cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis by reducing the fibrotic response of cardiac fibroblasts by targeting the Gα12/13/RhoA/ROCK pathway via NO/cGMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuowen He
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhen Xu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Zhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Tsuda T, Takefuji M, Wettschureck N, Kotani K, Morimoto R, Okumura T, Kaur H, Eguchi S, Sakaguchi T, Ishihama S, Kikuchi R, Unno K, Matsushita K, Ishikawa S, Offermanns S, Murohara T. Corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2 exacerbates chronic cardiac dysfunction. J Exp Med 2017; 214:1877-1888. [PMID: 28550160 PMCID: PMC5502432 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20161924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure remains poor, emphasizing the need to identify additional pathophysiological factors. Tsuda et al. show that Crhr2 activation causes cardiac dysfunction and suggest Crhr2 blockade is a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic heart failure. Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to effectively pump blood and maintain tissue perfusion. Despite numerous therapeutic advancements over previous decades, the prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure remains poor, emphasizing the need to identify additional pathophysiological factors. Here, we show that corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2 (Crhr2) is a G protein–coupled receptor highly expressed in cardiomyocytes and continuous infusion of the Crhr2 agonist, urocortin 2 (Ucn2), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in mice. Moreover, plasma Ucn2 levels were 7.5-fold higher in patients with heart failure compared to those in healthy controls. Additionally, cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Crhr2 protected mice from pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. Mice treated with a Crhr2 antagonist lost maladaptive 3′-5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)–dependent signaling and did not develop heart failure in response to overload. Collectively, our results indicate that constitutive Crhr2 activation causes cardiac dysfunction and suggests that Crhr2 blockade is a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with chronic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Tsuda
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Ryota Morimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Harmandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shunsuke Eguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Teruhiro Sakaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sohta Ishihama
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kikuchi
- Department of Medical Technique, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Unno
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Matsushita
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shizukiyo Ishikawa
- Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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30
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AT1 receptor signaling pathways in the cardiovascular system. Pharmacol Res 2017; 125:4-13. [PMID: 28527699 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology has been well described whereas the detailed molecular mechanisms remain elusive. The angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor) is one of the key players in the renin angiotensin aldosterone system. The AT1 receptor promotes various intracellular signaling pathways resulting in hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodeling and end organ damage. Accumulating evidence shows the complex picture of AT1 receptor-mediated signaling; AT1 receptor-mediated heterotrimeric G protein-dependent signaling, transactivation of growth factor receptors, NADPH oxidase and ROS signaling, G protein-independent signaling, including the β-arrestin signals and interaction with several AT1 receptor interacting proteins. In addition, there is functional cross-talk between the AT1 receptor signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. In this review, we will summarize an up to date overview of essential AT1 receptor signaling events and their functional significances in the cardiovascular system.
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31
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Lu Y, Zhu X, Li J, Fang R, Wang Z, Zhang J, Li K, Li X, Bai H, Yang Q, Ben J, Zhang H, Chen Q. Glycine prevents pressure overload induced cardiac hypertrophy mediated by glycine receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 123:40-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Yung BS, Brand CS, Xiang SY, Gray CBB, Means CK, Rosen H, Chun J, Purcell NH, Brown JH, Miyamoto S. Selective coupling of the S1P 3 receptor subtype to S1P-mediated RhoA activation and cardioprotection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 103:1-10. [PMID: 28017639 PMCID: PMC5410967 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lysophospholipid, is generated and released at sites of tissue injury in the heart and can act on S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3 receptor subtypes to affect cardiovascular responses. We established that S1P causes little phosphoinositide hydrolysis and does not induce hypertrophy indicating that it does not cause receptor coupling to Gq. We previously demonstrated that S1P confers cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion by activating RhoA and its downstream effector PKD. The S1P receptor subtypes and G proteins that regulate RhoA activation and downstream responses in the heart have not been determined. Using siRNA or pertussis toxin to inhibit different G proteins in NRVMs we established that S1P regulates RhoA activation through Gα13 but not Gα12, Gαq, or Gαi. Knockdown of the three major S1P receptors using siRNA demonstrated a requirement for S1P3 in RhoA activation and subsequent phosphorylation of PKD, and this was confirmed in studies using isolated hearts from S1P3 knockout (KO) mice. S1P treatment reduced infarct size induced by ischemia/reperfusion in Langendorff perfused wild-type (WT) hearts and this protection was abolished in the S1P3 KO mouse heart. CYM-51736, an S1P3-specific agonist, also decreased infarct size after ischemia/reperfusion to a degree similar to that achieved by S1P. The finding that S1P3 receptor- and Gα13-mediated RhoA activation is responsible for protection against ischemia/reperfusion suggests that selective targeting of S1P3 receptors could provide therapeutic benefits in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan S Yung
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Cameron S Brand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Sunny Y Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Charles B B Gray
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | | | - Hugh Rosen
- Department of Chemical Physiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Jerold Chun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Nicole H Purcell
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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33
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Abstract
In the classical two-state model, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are considered to exist in equilibrium between an active and an inactive conformation. Thus, even at the resting state, some subpopulation of GPCRs is in the active state, which underlies the basal activity of the GPCRs. In this review, we discuss inverse agonists, which are defined as GPCR ligands that shift the equilibrium toward the inactive state and thereby suppress the basal activity. Theoretically, if constitutive activation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of a disease, only inverse agonists, and not neutral antagonists, can reverse this pathophysiological activation. Although many pharmacological examples of inverse agonism have been identified, its clinical importance is still unclear and debated. Thus, even though inverse agonism of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) has been discussed for more than 10 years, its clinical relevance remains to be completely clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichiro Sato
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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McCallum JE, Mackenzie AE, Divorty N, Clarke C, Delles C, Milligan G, Nicklin SA. G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 35 Mediates Human Saphenous Vein Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Endothelial Cell Proliferation. J Vasc Res 2016; 52:383-95. [PMID: 27064272 PMCID: PMC4959467 DOI: 10.1159/000444754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation is central to neointima formation in vein graft failure following coronary artery bypass. However, there are currently no pharmacological interventions that prevent vein graft failure through intimal occlusion. It is hence a therapeutic target. Here, we investigated the contribution of GPR35 to human VSMC and endothelial cell (EC) migration, using a scratch-wound assay, and also the contribution to proliferation, using MTS and BrdU assays, in in vitro models using recently characterized human GPR35 ortholog-selective small-molecule agonists and antagonists. Real-time PCR studies showed GPR35 to be robustly expressed in human VSMCs and ECs. Stimulation of GPR35, with either the human-selective agonist pamoic acid or the reference agonist zaprinast, promoted VSMC migration in the scratch-wound assay. These effects were blocked by coincubation with either of the human GPR35-specific antagonists, CID-2745687 or ML-145. These GPR35-mediated effects were produced by inducing alterations in the actin cytoskeleton via the Rho A/Rho kinase signaling axis. Additionally, the agonist ligands stimulated a proliferative response in ECs. These studies highlight the potential that small molecules that stimulate or block GPR35 activity can modulate vascular proliferation and migration. These data propose GPR35 as a translational therapeutic target in vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E McCallum
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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35
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Abstract
Skeletal muscle homeostasis is regulated by a constant influx of chemicals and exposure to mechanical stimuli. A number of key signaling pathways that translate these stimuli into changes in muscle physiology have been established. The GPCR family known as adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) has largely elusive roles in skeletal muscle biology; however, their unique capacity to activate adhesion and G protein signaling pathways makes them an attractive point of investigation. The skeletal muscle myofiber contains a highly organized cytoarchitecture to ensure contractile function. This requires intricate interactions with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding each fiber. aGPCRs possess extended N-termini known to interact with ECM proteins and complexes suggesting a compatible role in skeletal muscle biology. Furthermore, recent work demonstrated the involvement of certain aGPCRs in whole muscle hypertrophy and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells. Signaling pathways downstream of aGPCRs are still incompletely understood; however, initial findings show involvement of the Gα12/13 subunit signaling to the pro-anabolic Akt/mTOR pathway. Together, this chapter will review the emerging role of aGPCRs in skeletal muscle biology and putative mechanism(s) employed to regulate skeletal muscle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P White
- Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
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Frankenreiter S, Kniess A, Ruth P, Krieg T, Friebe A, Lukowski R. Cyclic GMP signaling and mitochondrial BK channels in cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2015. [PMCID: PMC4565119 DOI: 10.1186/2050-6511-16-s1-a50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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37
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Grimm M, Tischner D, Troidl K, Albarrán Juárez J, Sivaraj KK, Ferreirós Bouzas N, Geisslinger G, Binder CJ, Wettschureck N. S1P2/G12/13 Signaling Negatively Regulates Macrophage Activation and Indirectly Shapes the Atheroprotective B1-Cell Population. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 36:37-48. [PMID: 26603156 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Monocyte/macrophage recruitment and activation at vascular predilection sites plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Heterotrimeric G proteins of the G12/13 family have been implicated in the control of migration and inflammatory gene expression, but their function in myeloid cells, especially during atherogenesis, is unknown. APPROACH AND RESULTS Mice with myeloid-specific deficiency for G12/13 show reduced atherosclerosis with a clear shift to anti-inflammatory gene expression in aortal macrophages. These changes are because of neither altered monocyte/macrophage migration nor reduced activation of inflammatory gene expression; on the contrary, G12/13-deficient macrophages show an increased nuclear factor-κB-dependent gene expression in the resting state. Chronically increased inflammatory gene expression in resident peritoneal macrophages results in myeloid-specific G12/13-deficient mice in an altered peritoneal micromilieu with secondary expansion of peritoneal B1 cells. Titers of B1-derived atheroprotective antibodies are increased, and adoptive transfer of peritoneal cells from mutant mice conveys atheroprotection to wild-type mice. With respect to the mechanism of G12/13-mediated transcriptional control, we identify an autocrine feedback loop that suppresses nuclear factor-κB-dependent gene expression through a signaling cascade involving sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 2, G12/13, and RhoA. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data show that selective inhibition of G12/13 signaling in macrophages can augment atheroprotective B-cell populations and ameliorate atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Grimm
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.)
| | - Denise Tischner
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.)
| | - Kerstin Troidl
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.)
| | - Julián Albarrán Juárez
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.)
| | - Kishor K Sivaraj
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.)
| | - Nerea Ferreirós Bouzas
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.)
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.)
| | - Christoph J Binder
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.)
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.G., D.T., K.T., J.A.J., K.K.S., N.W.); Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology (N.F.B., G.G.) and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty (N.W.), J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna and Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (C.J.B.).
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Wiesen K, Kaiser E, Schröder L, Scholz A, Ruppenthal S, Reil JC, Backes C, Meese E, Meier C, Bogdanova A, Lipp P, Kaestner L. Cardiac remodeling in Gαq and Gα11 knockout mice. Int J Cardiol 2015; 202:836-45. [PMID: 26476043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although both Gαq- and Gα11-protein signaling are believed to be involved in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy, their detailed contribution to myocardial function remains elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied remodeling processes in healthy transgenic mice with genetically altered Gαq/Gα11-expression, in particular a global Gα11-knockout and a novel inducible cardiac specific Gαq-knockout, as well as a combined double knockout (dKO) mouse line. Echocardiography and telemetric ECG recordings revealed that compared with wild type mice, hearts of dKO mice showed an increased ejection fraction and a decreased heart rate, irrespective of age resulting in a maintained cardiac output. We attributed these findings to the lack of Gα11, which the absence was associated with a decreased afterload. Histological analysis of the extracellular matrix in the heart depicted a diminished presence of collagen in aging hearts of dKO mice compared to wild-type mice. The results of a transcriptome analysis on isolated ventricular cardiac myocytes revealed alterations of the activity of genes involved in the Gαq/Gα11-dependent regulation of the extracellular matrix, such as the matricellular protein Cyr61. CONCLUSIONS From our data we conclude that Gαq/Gα11 signaling pathways play a pivotal role in maintaining gene activity patterns. For the heart we revealed their importance in modulating the properties of the extracellular matrix, a mechanism that might be an important contributor and mechanistic basis for the development of pressure-overload induced cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrina Wiesen
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty and the Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaiser
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Laura Schröder
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Anke Scholz
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sandra Ruppenthal
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jan-Christian Reil
- Clinic for Internal Medicine III, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Christina Backes
- Institute for Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Institute for Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Carola Meier
- Anatomy, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Anna Bogdanova
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty and the Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Lipp
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Lars Kaestner
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Weise M, Vettel C, Spiger K, Gilsbach R, Hein L, Lorenz K, Wieland T, Aktories K, Orth JHC. A systemic Pasteurella multocida toxin aggravates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice. Cell Microbiol 2015; 17:1320-31. [PMID: 25759205 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) persistently activates heterotrimeric G proteins of the Gαq/11 , Gα12/13 and Gαi family without interaction with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We show that PMT acts on heart tissue in vivo and on cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts in vitro by deamidation of heterotrimeric G proteins. Increased normalized ventricle weights and fibrosis were detected after intraperitoneal administration of PMT in combination with the GPCR agonist phenylephrine. In neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, PMT stimulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, which is crucial for the development of cellular hypertrophy. The toxin induced phosphorylation of the canonical phosphorylation sites of the extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 and, additionally, caused phosphorylation of the recently recognized autophosphorylation site, which appears to be important for the development of cellular hypertrophy. Moreover, PMT stimulated the small GTPases Rac1 and RhoA. Both switch proteins are involved in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In addition, PMT stimulated RhoA and Rac1 in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts. RhoA and Rac1 have been implicated in the regulation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) secretion and expression. Accordingly, we show that PMT treatment increased secretion and expression of CTGF in cardiac fibroblasts. Altogether, the data indicate that PMT is an inducer of pathological remodelling of cardiac cells and identifies the toxin as a promising tool for studying heterotrimeric G protein-dependent signalling in cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Weise
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Dept. I, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 25, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Christiane Vettel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katharina Spiger
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Gilsbach
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Dept. II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Hein
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Dept. II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Lorenz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Klaus Aktories
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Dept. I, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 25, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joachim H C Orth
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Dept. I, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 25, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
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40
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Yu Y, Ma J, Xiao Y, Yang Q, Kang H, Zhen J, Yu L, Chen L. KLF15 is an essential negative regulatory factor for the cardiac remodeling response to pressure overload. Cardiology 2015; 130:143-52. [PMID: 25633973 DOI: 10.1159/000369382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) in cardiac remodeling and interstitial fibrosis. METHODS A rat model was established by in vivo aortic coarctation followed by a period of pressure unloading and used to measure heart function, myocardial pathological changes, and KLF15, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) expression levels. In addition, cardiac fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and treated with KLF15-shRNA or KLF15 recombinant adenovirus to establish a TGF-β-mediated cardiac fibroblast hypertrophy model and analyze cell morphology, collagen secretion, and changes in the expression levels of 4 cytokines. RESULTS In vivo pressure overload impaired cardiac function and resulted in myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. These changes were accompanied by the downregulation of KLF15 mRNA levels and increased expression of the other factors. The response to unloading was the opposite. In in vitro cell experiments, by specifically targeting the KLF15 gene, changes in the expression levels of the 4 cytokines and the amounts of collagen I and III were observed. CONCLUSIONS In myocardial remodeling processes induced by mechanical or metabolic factors, KLF15 regulates TGF-β, CTGF, and MRTF-A expression and can ameliorate or even reverse myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital Affiliated to the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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Liebscher I, Ackley B, Araç D, Ariestanti DM, Aust G, Bae BI, Bista BR, Bridges JP, Duman JG, Engel FB, Giera S, Goffinet AM, Hall RA, Hamann J, Hartmann N, Lin HH, Liu M, Luo R, Mogha A, Monk KR, Peeters MC, Prömel S, Ressl S, Schiöth HB, Sigoillot SM, Song H, Talbot WS, Tall GG, White JP, Wolfrum U, Xu L, Piao X. New functions and signaling mechanisms for the class of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1333:43-64. [PMID: 25424900 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The class of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs), with 33 human homologs, is the second largest family of GPCRs. In addition to a seven-transmembrane α-helix-a structural feature of all GPCRs-the class of aGPCRs is characterized by the presence of a large N-terminal extracellular region. In addition, all aGPCRs but one (GPR123) contain a GPCR autoproteolysis-inducing (GAIN) domain that mediates autoproteolytic cleavage at the GPCR autoproteolysis site motif to generate N- and a C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF, respectively) during protein maturation. Subsequently, the NTF and CTF are associated noncovalently as a heterodimer at the plasma membrane. While the biological function of the GAIN domain-mediated autocleavage is not fully understood, mounting evidence suggests that the NTF and CTF possess distinct biological activities in addition to their function as a receptor unit. We discuss recent advances in understanding the biological functions, signaling mechanisms, and disease associations of the aGPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Liebscher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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G protein-coupled receptor 56 regulates mechanical overload-induced muscle hypertrophy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:15756-61. [PMID: 25336758 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1417898111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha 4 (PGC-1α4) is a protein isoform derived by alternative splicing of the PGC1α mRNA and has been shown to promote muscle hypertrophy. We show here that G protein-coupled receptor 56 (GPR56) is a transcriptional target of PGC-1α4 and is induced in humans by resistance exercise. Furthermore, the anabolic effects of PGC-1α4 in cultured murine muscle cells are dependent on GPR56 signaling, because knockdown of GPR56 attenuates PGC-1α4-induced muscle hypertrophy in vitro. Forced expression of GPR56 results in myotube hypertrophy through the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1, which is dependent on Gα12/13 signaling. A murine model of overload-induced muscle hypertrophy is associated with increased expression of both GPR56 and its ligand collagen type III, whereas genetic ablation of GPR56 expression attenuates overload-induced muscle hypertrophy and associated anabolic signaling. These data illustrate a signaling pathway through GPR56 which regulates muscle hypertrophy associated with resistance/loading-type exercise.
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Jeckel KM, Bouma GJ, Hess AM, Petrilli EB, Frye MA. Dietary fatty acids alter left ventricular myocardial gene expression in Wistar rats. Nutr Res 2014; 34:694-706. [PMID: 25172377 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk for cardiomyopathy in the absence of comorbidities. Myocardial structure is modified by dietary fatty acids. Left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with Western (WES) diet consumption, whereas intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with antihypertrophic effects. We previously observed no attenuation of left ventricular thickening after 3 months of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation of a WES diet, compared with WES diet intake alone, in rats that had similar weight, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity to control animals. The objective of this study was to define left ventricular gene expression in these animals to determine whether diet alone was associated with a physiologic or pathologic hypertrophic response. We hypothesized that WES diet consumption would favor a pathologic or maladaptive myocardial gene expression pattern and that DHA supplementation would favor a physiologic or adaptive response. Microarray analysis identified 64 transcripts that were differentially expressed (P ≤ .001) within one or more treatment comparisons. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, 29 genes with fold change at least 1.74 were successfully validated; all but 3 had similar directionality to that observed using microarray, and 2 genes, connective tissue growth factor and cathepsin M, were differentially expressed according to diet. WES blot analysis was performed on 4 proteins relevant to myocardial hypertrophy and metabolism. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 1, B-cell translocation gene 2, and carbonic anhydrase III showed directional change consistent with gene expression. Retinol saturase (all-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase), although not consistent with gene expression, was different according to diet, with increased concentrations in WES-fed rats compared with control and DHA-supplemented animals. Diet did not distinguish a transcriptome reflecting physiologic or pathologic myocardial hypertrophy; furthermore, the modest changes observed suggest that obesity and associated comorbidities may play a larger role than mere dietary fatty acid composition in development of cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Jeckel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.
| | - Gerrit J Bouma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Ann M Hess
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Erin B Petrilli
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Melinda A Frye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
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Deletion of CXCR4 in cardiomyocytes exacerbates cardiac dysfunction following isoproterenol administration. Gene Ther 2014; 21:496-506. [PMID: 24646609 PMCID: PMC4016112 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2014.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Altered alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor signaling is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and its cognate receptor CXCR4 have been reported to mediate cardioprotection after injury through the mobilization of stem cells into injured tissue. However, little is known regarding whether SDF-1/CXCR4 induces acute protection following pathological hypertrophy and if so, by what molecular mechanism. We have previously reported that CXCR4 physically interacts with the beta-2 adrenergic receptor and modulates its down stream signaling. Here we have shown that CXCR4 expression prevents beta-adrenergic receptor induced hypertrophy. Cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors were stimulated with the implantation of a subcutaneous osmotic pump administrating isoproterenol and CXCR4 expression was selectively abrogated in cardiomyocytes using Cre-loxP-mediated gene recombination. CXCR4 knockout mice showed worsened fractional shortening and ejection fraction. CXCR4 ablation increased susceptibility to isoproterenol-induced heart failure, by upregulating apoptotic markers and reducing mitochondrial function; cardiac function decreases while fibrosis increases. Additionally, CXCR4 expression was rescued with the use of cardiotropic Adeno-associated viral-9 (AAV9) vectors. CXCR4 gene transfer reduced cardiac apoptotic signaling, improved mitochondrial function and resulted in a recovered cardiac function. Our results represent the first evidence that SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling mediates acute cardioprotection through modulating beta-adrenergic receptor signaling in vivo.
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Kurtenbach S, Kurtenbach S, Zoidl G. Gap junction modulation and its implications for heart function. Front Physiol 2014; 5:82. [PMID: 24578694 PMCID: PMC3936571 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gap junction communication (GJC) mediated by connexins is critical for heart function. To gain insight into the causal relationship of molecular mechanisms of disease pathology, it is important to understand which mechanisms contribute to impairment of gap junctional communication. Here, we present an update on the known modulators of connexins, including various interaction partners, kinases, and signaling cascades. This gap junction network (GJN) can serve as a blueprint for data mining approaches exploring the growing number of publicly available data sets from experimental and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kurtenbach
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Kurtenbach
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Georg Zoidl
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University Toronto, ON, Canada ; Center for Vision Research, York University Toronto, ON, Canada
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Patent Highlights. Pharm Pat Anal 2014. [DOI: 10.4155/ppa.13.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A snapshot of recent key developments in the patent literature of relevance to the advancement of pharmaceutical and medical R&D
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Djoussé L, Matsumoto C, Petrone A, Weir NL, Tsai MY, Gaziano JM. Plasma galectin 3 and heart failure risk in the Physicians' Health Study. Eur J Heart Fail 2013; 16:350-4. [PMID: 24464746 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We sought to test the hypothesis that plasma galectin 3 (Gal-3) is positively associated with the risk of heart failure (HF) in male subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS While Gal-3 has been reported as prognostic factor in HF patients, limited data are available on the role of Gal-3 in the development of HF. We used a prospective nested-case control study (n = 462 cases and 462 controls) within the Physicians' Health Study for current analyses. For each case of HF, we randomly selected one control among subjects that were alive and free of HF at the time of index case occurrence and matched on age, race, and time of blood collection. Gal-3 was measured using ELISA and we used conditional logistic regression to compute adjusted odds ratios. Mean age at baseline was 58.3 y and median log-Gal-3 was 1.50 (IQR: 1.20-1.73) ng/ml. Cubic splines suggested a non-linear relation between Gal-3 and HF. Odds ratios (95% CI) for HF were 1.0 (ref), 0.89 (0.58-1.38), 1.08 (0.71-1.67), and 1.57 (1.03-2.39) across consecutive quartiles of Gal-3 after adjustment for body mass index, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, C-reactive protein, alcohol, smoking, and exercise. The Gal-3-HF relation was seen for HF with and without antecedent coronary heart disease. CONCLUSIONS Our data are consistent with a positive non-linear association between Gal-3 and HF risk in male subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Djoussé
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 1620 Tremont St, 3rd floor, Boston, MA, 02120, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center (MAVERIC) and Geriatric Research (GRECC), Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
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The NO/ONOO-cycle as the central cause of heart failure. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:22274-330. [PMID: 24232452 PMCID: PMC3856065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141122274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The NO/ONOO-cycle is a primarily local, biochemical vicious cycle mechanism, centered on elevated peroxynitrite and oxidative stress, but also involving 10 additional elements: NF-κB, inflammatory cytokines, iNOS, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide, mitochondrial dysfunction (lowered energy charge, ATP), NMDA activity, intracellular Ca(2+), TRP receptors and tetrahydrobiopterin depletion. All 12 of these elements have causal roles in heart failure (HF) and each is linked through a total of 87 studies to specific correlates of HF. Two apparent causal factors of HF, RhoA and endothelin-1, each act as tissue-limited cycle elements. Nineteen stressors that initiate cases of HF, each act to raise multiple cycle elements, potentially initiating the cycle in this way. Different types of HF, left vs. right ventricular HF, with or without arrhythmia, etc., may differ from one another in the regions of the myocardium most impacted by the cycle. None of the elements of the cycle or the mechanisms linking them are original, but they collectively produce the robust nature of the NO/ONOO-cycle which creates a major challenge for treatment of HF or other proposed NO/ONOO-cycle diseases. Elevated peroxynitrite/NO ratio and consequent oxidative stress are essential to both HF and the NO/ONOO-cycle.
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Abstract
G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) still offer enormous scope for new therapeutic targets. Currently marketed agents are dominated by those with activity at aminergic receptors and yet they account for only ~10% of the family. Progress up until now with other subfamilies, notably orphans, Family A/peptide, Family A/lipid, Family B, Family C, and Family F, has been, at best, patchy. This may be attributable to the heterogeneous nature of GPCRs, their endogenous ligands, and consequently their binding sites. Our appreciation of receptor similarity has arguably been too simplistic, and screening collections have not necessarily been well suited to identifying leads in new areas. Despite the relative shortage of high-quality tool molecules in a number of cases, there is an emerging, and increasingly substantial, body of evidence associating many as yet “undrugged” receptors with a very wide range of diseases. Significant advances in our understanding of receptor pharmacology and technical advances in screening, protein X-ray crystallography, and ligand design methods are paving the way for new successes in the area. Exploitation of allosteric mechanisms; alternative signaling pathways such as G12/13, Gβγ, and β-arrestin; the discovery of “biased” ligands; and the emergence of GPCR-protein complexes as potential drug targets offer scope for new and much improved drugs.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Cardiol 2013; 28:369-79. [DOI: 10.1097/hco.0b013e328360f5be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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