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Woods C, Wang G, Milner TA, Glass MJ. Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces NOX2-dependent reactive oxygen species production in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons following angiotensin II infusion. Neurochem Int 2024:105825. [PMID: 39097233 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
There is evidence that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) influences autonomic processes coordinated within the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), however, the signaling mechanisms subserving TNFα's actions in this brain area are unclear. In non-neuronal cell types, TNFα has been shown to play an important role in canonical NADPH oxidase (NOX2)-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), molecules also known to be critically involved in hypertension. However, little is known about the role of TNFα in NOX2-dependent ROS production in the PVN within the context of hypertension. Using dual labeling immunoelectron microscopy and dihydroethidium microfluorography, we provide structural and functional evidence for interactions between TNFα and NOX2 in the PVN. The TNFα type 1 receptor (TNFR1), the major mediator of TNFα signaling in the PVN, was commonly co-localized with the catalytic gp91phox subunit of NOX2 in postsynaptic sites of PVN neurons. Additionally, there was an increase in dual labeled dendritic profiles following fourteen-day slow-pressor angiotensin II (AngII) infusion. Using dihydroethidium (DHE) microfluorography, it was also shown that TNFα application resulted in a NOX2-dependent increase in ROS in isolated PVN neurons projecting to the spinal cord. Further, TNFα-mediated ROS production was heightened after AngII infusion. The finding that TNFR1 and gp91phox are positioned for rapid interactions, particularly in PVN-spinal cord projection neurons, provides a molecular substrate by which inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress may jointly contribute to AngII hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Woods
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Gang Wang
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Teresa A Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065; Harold and Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York NY 10065
| | - Michael J Glass
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065.
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2
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Choi H, Miller MR, Nguyen HN, Surratt VE, Koch SR, Stark RJ, Lamb FS. Extracellular SOD modulates canonical TNFα signaling and α5β1 integrin transactivation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:152-164. [PMID: 37852546 PMCID: PMC10841345 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.10.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
TNFα activates NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The extracellular superoxide anion (O2•-) produced is essential for the pro-inflammatory effects of the cytokine but the specific contributions of O2•- to signal transduction remain obscure. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD, SOD3 gene) is a secreted protein that binds to cell surface heparin sulfate proteoglycans or to Fibulin-5 (Fib-5, FBLN5 gene), an extracellular matrix protein that also associates with elastin and integrins. ecSOD converts O2•- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which prevents NO• inactivation, limits generation of hydroxyl radical (OH•), and creates high local concentrations of H2O2. We hypothesized that ecSOD modifies TNFα signaling in VSMCs. Knockdown of ecSOD (siSOD3) suppressed downstream TNFα signals including MAPK (JNK and ERK phosphorylation) and NF-κB activation (luciferase reporter and IκB phosphorylation), interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, iNOS and VCAM expression, and proliferation (Sulforhodamine B assay, PCNA western blot). These effects were associated with significant reductions in the expression of both Type1 and 2 TNFα receptors. Reduced Fib-5 expression (siFBLN5) similarly impaired NF-κB activation by TNFα, but potentiated FAK phosphorylation at Y925. siSOD3 also increased both resting and TNFα-induced phosphorylation of FAK and of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), a downstream target of integrin linked kinase (ILK). These effects were dependent upon α5β1 integrins and siSOD3 increased resting sulfenylation (oxidation) of both integrin subunits, while preventing TNFα-induced increases in sulfenylation. To determine how ecSOD modified TNFα-induced inflammation in intact blood vessels, mesenteric arteries from VSMC-specific ecSOD knockout (KO) mice were exposed to TNFα (10 ng/ml) in culture for 48 h. Relaxation to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside was impaired in WT but not ecSOD KO vessels. Thus, ecSOD association with Fib-5 supports pro-inflammatory TNFα signaling while tonically inhibiting α5β1 integrin activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyehun Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Michael R Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Hong-Ngan Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Victoria E Surratt
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Stephen R Koch
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ryan J Stark
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Fred S Lamb
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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3
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Ferreira LO, Vasconcelos VW, Lima JDS, Vieira Neto JR, da Costa GE, Esteves JDC, de Sousa SC, Moura JA, Santos FRS, Leitão Filho JM, Protásio MR, Araújo PS, Lemos CJDS, Resende KD, Lopes DCF. Biochemical Changes in Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: New Insights. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1506. [PMID: 37888117 PMCID: PMC10608001 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients undergoing coronary revascularization with extracorporeal circulation or cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may develop several biochemical changes in the microcirculation that lead to a systemic inflammatory response. Surgical incision, post-CPB reperfusion injury and blood contact with non-endothelial membranes can activate inflammatory signaling pathways that lead to the production and activation of inflammatory cells, with cytokine production and oxidative stress. This inflammatory storm can cause damage to vital organs, especially the heart, and thus lead to complications in the postoperative period. In addition to the organic pathophysiology during and after the period of exposure to extracorporeal circulation, this review addresses new perspectives for intraoperative treatment and management that may lead to a reduction in this inflammatory storm and thereby improve the prognosis and possibly reduce the mortality of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Victoria Winkler Vasconcelos
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Janielle de Sousa Lima
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Jaime Rodrigues Vieira Neto
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Giovana Escribano da Costa
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Jordana de Castro Esteves
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Sallatiel Cabral de Sousa
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Jonathan Almeida Moura
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Felipe Ruda Silva Santos
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - João Monteiro Leitão Filho
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | | | - Pollyana Sousa Araújo
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Hospital Clínicas Gaspar Vianna, Belém 66083-106, Brazil; (P.S.A.); (C.J.d.S.L.)
| | - Cláudio José da Silva Lemos
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Hospital Clínicas Gaspar Vianna, Belém 66083-106, Brazil; (P.S.A.); (C.J.d.S.L.)
| | - Karina Dias Resende
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
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Huang F, Ren X, Yuan B, Yang W, Xu L, Zhang J, Zhang H, Geng M, Li X, Zhang F, Xu J, Zhu W, Ren S, Meng L, Lu S. Systemic Mutation of Ncf1 Ameliorates Obstruction-Induced Renal Fibrosis While Macrophage-Rescued NCF1 Further Alleviates Renal Fibrosis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023. [PMID: 37392014 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Aims: NCF1, a subunit of the NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), first described the expression in neutrophils and macrophages and participated in the pathogenesis from various systems. However, there are controversial findings on the role of NCF1 in different kinds of kidney diseases. In this study, we aim to pinpoint the specific role of NCF1 in the progression of renal fibrosis induced by obstruction. Results: In this study, NCF1 expression was upregulated in kidney biopsies of chronic kidney disease patients. The expression level of all subunits of the NOX2 complex was also significantly increased in the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) kidney. Then, we used wild-type mice and Ncf1 mutant mice (Ncf1m1j mice) to perform UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Results demonstrated that Ncf1m1j mice exhibited mild renal fibrosis but increased macrophages count and CD11b+Ly6Chi macrophage proportion. Next, we compared the renal fibrosis degree between Ncf1m1j mice and Ncf1 macrophage-rescued mice (Ncf1m1j.Ncf1Tg-CD68 mice). We found that rescuing NCF1 expression in macrophages further alleviated renal fibrosis and decreased macrophage infiltration in the UUO kidney. In addition, flow cytometry data showed fewer CD11b+Ly6Chi macrophages in the kidney of the Ncf1m1j.Ncf1Tg-CD68 group than the Ncf1m1j group. Innovation: We first used the Ncf1m1j mice and Ncf1m1j.Ncf1Tg-CD68 mice to detect the role of NCF1 in the pathological process of renal fibrosis induced by obstruction. Also, we found that NCF1 expressed in different cell types exerts opposing effects on obstructive nephropathy. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings support that systemic mutation of Ncf1 ameliorates renal fibrosis induced by obstruction, and rescuing NCF1 in macrophages further alleviates renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumeng Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingyu Yuan
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Lexuan Xu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Haonan Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Manman Geng
- National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fujun Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuting Ren
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liesu Meng
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
- National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
- National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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5
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Qingda granule alleviate angiotensin ⅱ-induced hypertensive renal injury by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation through NOX1 and NF-κB pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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6
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Eun Baek S, Jeong Jang E, Min Choi J, Whan Choi Y, Dae Kim C. α-Iso-cubebene attenuates neointima formation by inhibiting HMGB1-induced monocyte to macrophage differentiation via suppressing ROS production. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109121. [PMID: 35940074 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
α-Iso-cubebene (ICB) is a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignin contained in Schisandra chinensis, a medicinal herb used to improve cardiovascular symptoms. To investigate the mechanisms involved, the effects of ICB on cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined using cultured human THP-1 cells. When THP-1 cells were stimulated with HMGB1, cellular concentration of ROS was increased in dose- and time-dependent manners. These increases were significantly attenuated in cells pretreated with NADPH oxidase inhibitors, diphenyleneiodonium chloride and apocynin, but not by other inhibitors related to ROS generation in monocytes. The expression of constitutively expressed NADPH oxidase (NOX) subunits including NOX1, NOX2, NOX4 and NOX5 was not affected by HMGB1, but HMGB1-induced ROS production was exclusively attenuated in NOX2-deficient cells using siRNA, suggesting an enhanced NOX2 complex assembly. When cells were stimulated with HMGB1, p47phox phosphorylation at ser345, ser359 and ser370 was increased in dose- and time-dependent manners, which were significantly attenuated in ICB (3-10 μg/mL)-pretreated cells. In addition, HMGB1-induced monocyte-macrophage differentiation (MMD) in bone marrow-derived cells isolated from mice were significantly attenuated in cells treated with apocynin and ICB. Also, macrophage infiltration and intimal hyperplasia in the wire-injured femoral artery were significantly attenuated in ICB-treated mice compared to wild-type control mice. The results of this study show that ICB inhibits HMGB1-induced MMD by suppressing ROS production in monocytes, thus suggest that ICB has therapeutic potential for vascular inflammation with subsequent intimal hyperplasia related to vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Eun Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Whan Choi
- College of Natural Resources & Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Milyang, Gyeongnam 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Wang L, Ye K, Liu Y, Wang W. Factors affecting expert performance in bid evaluation: An integrated approach. Front Psychol 2022; 13:819692. [PMID: 35992487 PMCID: PMC9387678 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.819692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Experts play a crucial role in underpinning decision-making in most management situations. While recent studies have disclosed the impacts of individuals’ inherent cognition and the external environment on expert performance, these two-dimensional mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified 14 factors that influence expert performance in a bid evaluation and applied cross-impact matrix multiplication to examine the interdependence of the factors. The results indicate that the two dimension-related factors affect each other within a person–environment system, and a poor situation perception gives rise to the deviation of expert performance. Expert performance can be improved if external supervision and expertise are strengthened through deliberate practices. The study proposes a new expert performance research tool, elucidates its mechanism in bid evaluation from a cognitive psychology perspective, and provides guidelines for its improvement in workplace contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Management Science and Real Estate, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Li Wang,
| | - Kunhui Ye
- School of Management Science and Real Estate, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- International Research Center for Sustainable Built Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Mondal A, Mukherjee S, Dar W, Upadhyay P, Ranganathan A, Pati S, Singh S. G6PD deficiency: imbalance of functional dichotomy contributing to the severity of COVID-19. Future Microbiol 2022; 17:1161-1170. [PMID: 35880537 PMCID: PMC9332910 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human COVID-19 has affected more than 491 million people worldwide. It has caused over 6.1 million deaths and has especially perpetrated a high number of casualties among the elderly and those with comorbid illnesses. COVID-19 triggers a pro-oxidant response, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a common innate defense mechanism. However, ROS are regulated by a key enzyme called G6PD via the production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which controls the generation and removal of ROS in a tissue-specific manner. Therefore, a deficiency of G6PD can lead to the dysregulation of ROS, which causes a severe inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients. This report highlights the G6PD dichotomy in the regulation of ROS and inflammatory responses, as well as its deficiency in severity among COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Mondal
- Department of Life Sciences, Neurobiology & Disease Modelling Laboratory, Host-Pathogen Interactions & Disease Modelling Group, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, 201314, India
| | - Soumyadeep Mukherjee
- Department of Life Sciences, Neurobiology & Disease Modelling Laboratory, Host-Pathogen Interactions & Disease Modelling Group, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, 201314, India
| | - Waseem Dar
- Department of Life Sciences, Neurobiology & Disease Modelling Laboratory, Host-Pathogen Interactions & Disease Modelling Group, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, 201314, India
| | - Prince Upadhyay
- Department of Life Sciences, Neurobiology & Disease Modelling Laboratory, Host-Pathogen Interactions & Disease Modelling Group, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, 201314, India
| | - Anand Ranganathan
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Soumya Pati
- Department of Life Sciences, Neurobiology & Disease Modelling Laboratory, Host-Pathogen Interactions & Disease Modelling Group, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, 201314, India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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9
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Fan LM, Liu F, Du J, Geng L, Li JM. Inhibition of endothelial Nox2 activation by LMH001 protects mice from angiotensin II-induced vascular oxidative stress, hypertension and aortic aneurysm. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102269. [PMID: 35276443 PMCID: PMC8908273 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial oxidative stress and inflammation attributable to the activation of a Nox2-NADPH oxidase are key features of many cardiovascular diseases. Here, we report a novel small chemical compound (LMH001, MW = 290.079), by blocking phosphorylated p47phox interaction with p22phox, inhibited effectively angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelial Nox2 activation and superoxide production at a small dose (IC50 = 0.25 μM) without effect on peripheral leucocyte oxidative response to pathogens. The therapeutic potential of LMH001 was tested using a mouse model (C57BL/6J, 7-month-old) of AngII infusion (0.8 mg/kg/d, 14 days)-induced vascular oxidative stress, hypertension and aortic aneurysm. Age-matched littermates of p47phox knockout mice were used as controls of Nox2 inhibition. LMH001 (2.5 mg/kg/d, ip. once) showed no effect on control mice, but inhibited completely AngII infusion-induced excess ROS production in vital organs, hypertension, aortic walls inflammation and reduced incidences of aortic aneurysm. LMH001 effects on reducing vascular oxidative stress was due to its inhibition of Nox2 activation and was abrogated by knockout of p47phox. LMH001 has the potential to be developed as a novel drug candidate to treat oxidative stress-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lampson M Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK
| | - Fangfei Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Junjie Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Medical University, PR China; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, UK
| | - Li Geng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, UK
| | - Jian-Mei Li
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, UK.
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10
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Jeong HS, Lee DH, Kim SH, Lee CH, Shin HM, Kim HR, Cho CH. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress promotes tumor metastasis by upregulating vWF expression in endothelial cells through the transcription factor GATA1. Oncogene 2022; 41:1634-1646. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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11
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Liu F, Fan LM, Geng L, Li JM. p47 phox-Dependent Oxidant Signalling through ASK1, MKK3/6 and MAPKs in Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1363. [PMID: 34572995 PMCID: PMC8468498 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The p47phox is a key regulatory subunit of Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase (Nox2) that by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. However, the signalling pathways of p47phox in the heart remains unclear. In this study, we used wild-type (WT) and p47phox knockout (KO) mice (C57BL/6, male, 7-month-old, n = 9) to investigate p47phox-dependent oxidant-signalling in AngII infusion (0.8 mg/kg/day, 14 days)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. AngII infusion resulted in remarkable high blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy in WT mice. However, these AngII-induced pathological changes were significantly reduced in p47phox KO mice. In WT hearts, AngII infusion increased significantly the levels of superoxide production, the expressions of Nox subunits, the expression of PKCα and C-Src and the activation of ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1), MKK3/6, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and JNK signalling pathways together with an elevated expression of apoptotic markers, i.e., γH2AX and p53 in the cardiomyocytes. However, in the absence of p47phox, although PKCα expression was increased in the hearts after AngII infusion, there was no significant activation of ASK1, MKK3/6 and MAPKs signalling pathways and no increase in apoptosis biomarker expression in cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, p47phox-dependent redox-signalling through ASK1, MKK3/6 and MAPKs plays a crucial role in AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK; (F.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Lampson M. Fan
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK;
| | - Li Geng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK; (F.L.); (L.G.)
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jian-Mei Li
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK; (F.L.); (L.G.)
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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12
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Mizrak S, Göksel Ülker S, Ercan G, Sönmez B. The effect of long term nicotine exposure on endothelial function in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:1522-1527. [PMID: 33172288 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1845714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine is one of the main chemicals in the cigarettes responsible for addiction formation. Many researches investigating the effects of nicotine on coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis have been published. The robustness of endothelial cells is very important in the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of nicotine exposure on the indicators of endothelial function either by examining the vascular reactivity of aorta taken from rats exposed to nicotine during prenatal (starting by the mating period) and postnatal periods (6 weeks after delivery), or by determining the protein expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes, NADPH oxidase (Nox) and nitrotyrosine. Chronic nicotine exposure at 6 mg/L in drinking water produced a significant decrease in phenylephrine contractility of thoracic aortic rings compared to control and low dose exposure group (0.4 mg/L, p < 0.001). Endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine increased dose-dependently while no changes were observed in endothelium-independent relaxations to sodium nitroprusside and protein expressions in rat thoracic aorta. It has been concluded that long term nicotine exposure does not have serious effects on endothelial vasodilator response directly and does not change protein expression of NOS or Nox enzymes. However, more studies should be done for the exact mechanisms responsible for the effect of nicotine on endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soycan Mizrak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | - Sibel Göksel Ülker
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gulinnaz Ercan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Birol Sönmez
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Muğla Provincial Health Directorate, Muğla, Turkey
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13
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Buinitskaya Y, Gurinovich R, Wlodaver CG, Kastsiuchenka S. Centrality of G6PD in COVID-19: The Biochemical Rationale and Clinical Implications. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:584112. [PMID: 33195336 PMCID: PMC7643021 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.584112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 is a novel and devastating disease. Its manifestations vary from asymptomatic to lethal. Moreover, mortality rates differ based on underlying health conditions and ethnicity. We investigated the biochemical rationale behind these observations using machine reasoning by the sci.AI system (https://sci.ai/). Facts were extracted and linked from publications available in nlm.nih.gov and Europe PMC to form the dataset which was validated by medical experts. Results: Based on the analysis of experimental and clinical data, we synthesized detailed biochemical pathways of COVID-19 pathogenesis which were used to explain epidemiological and clinical observations. Clinical manifestations and biomarkers are highlighted to monitor the course of COVID-19 and navigate treatment. As depicted in the Graphical Abstract, SARS-CoV-2 triggers a pro-oxidant (PO) response leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a normal innate defense. However, SARS-CoV-2's unique interference with the antioxidant (AO) system, through suppression of nitric oxide (NO) production in the renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), leads to an excessive inflammatory PO response. The excessive PO response becomes critical in cohorts with a compromised AO system such as patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) where NO and glutathione (GSH) mechanisms are impaired. G6PDd develops in patients with metabolic syndrome. It is mediated by aldosterone (Ald) which also increases specifically in COVID-19. Conclusion: G6PD is essential for an adequate immune response. Both G6PDd and SARS-CoV-2 compromise the AO system through the same pathways rendering G6PDd the Achilles' heel for COVID-19. Thus, the evolutionary antimalarial advantage of the G6PDd cohort can be a disadvantage against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clifford G Wlodaver
- Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Siarhei Kastsiuchenka
- Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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14
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Shin HJ, Park H, Shin N, Kwon HH, Yin Y, Hwang JA, Kim SI, Kim SR, Kim S, Joo Y, Kim Y, Kim J, Beom J, Kim DW. p47phox siRNA-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Suppress ROS/Oxidative Stress-Induced Chondrocyte Damage in Osteoarthritis. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12020443. [PMID: 32069893 PMCID: PMC7077645 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder that has had an increasing prevalence due to the aging of the population. Recent studies have concluded that OA progression is related to oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are produced at low levels in articular chondrocytes, mainly by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and ROS production and oxidative stress have been found to be elevated in patients with OA. The cartilage of OA-affected rat exhibits a significant induction of p47phox, a cytosolic subunit of the NADPH oxidase, similarly to human osteoarthritis cartilage. Therefore, this study tested whether siRNA p47phox that is introduced with poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (p47phox si_NPs) can alleviate chondrocyte cell death by reducing ROS production. Here, we confirm that p47phox si_NPs significantly attenuated oxidative stress and decreased cartilage damage in mono-iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA. In conclusion, these data suggest that p47phox si_NPs may be of therapeutic value in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.P.); (N.S.); (H.H.K.); (Y.Y.); (J.-A.H.); (S.I.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Hyewon Park
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.P.); (N.S.); (H.H.K.); (Y.Y.); (J.-A.H.); (S.I.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.P.); (N.S.); (H.H.K.); (Y.Y.); (J.-A.H.); (S.I.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Hyeok Hee Kwon
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.P.); (N.S.); (H.H.K.); (Y.Y.); (J.-A.H.); (S.I.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Yuhua Yin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.P.); (N.S.); (H.H.K.); (Y.Y.); (J.-A.H.); (S.I.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Ah Hwang
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.P.); (N.S.); (H.H.K.); (Y.Y.); (J.-A.H.); (S.I.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Song I Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.P.); (N.S.); (H.H.K.); (Y.Y.); (J.-A.H.); (S.I.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Sang Ryong Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Institute of Life Science & Biotechnology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Sooil Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Yongbum Joo
- Department of Orthopedics, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.K.)
| | - Youngmo Kim
- Department of Orthopedics, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.K.)
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Jaewon Beom
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06973, Korea;
| | - Dong Woon Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.P.); (N.S.); (H.H.K.); (Y.Y.); (J.-A.H.); (S.I.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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15
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Lermant A, Murdoch CE. Cysteine Glutathionylation Acts as a Redox Switch in Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E315. [PMID: 31426416 PMCID: PMC6720164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative post-translational modifications (oxPTM) of receptors, enzymes, ion channels and transcription factors play an important role in cell signaling. oxPTMs are a key way in which oxidative stress can influence cell behavior during diverse pathological settings such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, neurodegeneration and inflammatory response. In addition, changes in oxPTM are likely to be ways in which low level reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) may contribute to redox signaling, exerting changes in physiological responses including angiogenesis, cardiac remodeling and embryogenesis. Among oxPTM, S-glutathionylation of reactive cysteines emerges as an important regulator of vascular homeostasis by modulating endothelial cell (EC) responses to their local redox environment. This review summarizes the latest findings of S-glutathionylated proteins in major EC pathways, and the functional consequences on vascular pathophysiology. This review highlights the diversity of molecules affected by S-glutathionylation, and the complex consequences on EC function, thereby demonstrating an intricate dual role of RONS-induced S-glutathionylation in maintaining vascular homeostasis and participating in various pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Lermant
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Colin E Murdoch
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK.
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16
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Himori K, Tatebayashi D, Ashida Y, Yamada T. Eccentric training enhances the αB-crystallin binding to the myofibrils and prevents skeletal muscle weakness in adjuvant-induced arthritis rat. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:71-80. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00102.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) frequently suffer from muscle weakness. We examined whether eccentric training prevents skeletal muscle weakness in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat, a widely used animal model for RA. AIA was induced in the knees of Wistar rats by injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant. To induce eccentric contractions (ECCs), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (45 V) was applied to the plantar flexor muscles simultaneously with forced dorsiflexion of the ankle joint (0–40°) and was given every 6 s. ECC exercise was applied every other day for a total of 11 sessions and consisted of 4 sets of 5 contractions. There was a significant reduction in in vitro maximum Ca2+-activated force in skinned fibers in gastrocnemius muscle from AIA rats. These changes were associated with reduced expression levels of contractile proteins (i.e., myosin and actin), increased levels of inflammation redox stress-related biomarkers (i.e., TNF-α, malondialdehyde-protein adducts, NADPH oxidase 2, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase), and autolyzed active calpain-1 in AIA muscles. ECC training markedly enhanced the steady-state levels of αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein, and its binding to the myofibrils and prevented the AIA-induced myofibrillar dysfunction, reduction in contractile proteins, and inflammation-oxidative stress insults. Our findings demonstrate that ECC training preserves myofibrillar function without muscle damage in AIA rats, which is at least partially attributable to the protective effect of αB-crystallin on the myofibrils against oxidative stress-mediated protein degeneration. Thus ECC training can be a safe and effective intervention, counteracting the loss of muscle strength in RA patients. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Eccentric contractions (ECCs) are regarded as an effective way to increase muscle strength. No studies, however, assess safety and effectiveness of ECC training on muscle weakness associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we used adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats to demonstrate that ECC training prevents intrinsic contractile dysfunction without muscle damage in AIA rats, which may be attributed to the protective effect of αB-crystallin on the myofibrils against inflammation-oxidative stress insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Himori
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tatebayashi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ashida
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamada
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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17
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Qu J, Mei Q, Niu R. Oxidative CaMKII as a potential target for inflammatory disease (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:863-870. [PMID: 31173191 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CaMKII is a calcium‑activated kinase, proved to be modulated by oxidation. Currently, the oxidative activation of CaMKII exists in several models of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, acute ischemic stroke and cancer. Oxidized CaMKII (ox‑CaMKII) may be important in several of these diseases. The present review examines the mechanism underlying the oxidative activation of CaMKII and summarizes the current findings associated with the function of ox‑CaMKII in inflammatory diseases. Taken together, the findings of this review aim to improve current understanding of the function of ox‑CaMKII and provide novel insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Quanhui Mei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Ruichao Niu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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18
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Emmi G, Becatti M, Bettiol A, Hatemi G, Prisco D, Fiorillo C. Behçet's Syndrome as a Model of Thrombo-Inflammation: The Role of Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1085. [PMID: 31139195 PMCID: PMC6527740 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a systemic vasculitis, clinically characterized by different organ involvement and often complicated by thrombosis which occurs in vessels of all sizes. Thrombosis is more frequent in male patients with active disease and represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Neutrophil involvement in BS has been repeatedly suggested in the last few years. Indeed, neutrophils have been shown to be hyperactivated in BS patients, probably with a HLAB51 related contribution, and represent the main cells infiltrating not only oral and genital ulcers or erythema nodosum, but also other sites. Besides being deputed to host defense against micro-organisms, neutrophils display fundamental roles both in inflammation and tissue damage becoming inappropriately activated by cytokines, chemokines and autoantibodies and subsequently producing large amounts of superoxide anion (O2.) via NADPH oxidase (NOX2). The strict relationship between inflammation and hemostasis has been already demonstrated. Indeed, inflammation and immune-mediated disorders increase the risk of thrombosis, but the pathways that link these processes have not been completely elucidated. In this regard, we recently demonstrated, in a large population of BS patients, a new neutrophil-dependent pathogenetic mechanism of thrombosis. In particular, it was shown that neutrophils, mainly through NADPH oxidase, produce excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are able to markedly modify the secondary structure of fibrinogen and hence the overall architecture of the fibrin clot that becomes less susceptible to plasmin-induced lysis. These data point out that BS represents “per se” a model of inflammation-induced thrombosis and suggest that neutrophils specifically contribute to thrombo-inflammation in this rare disease. In particular, it is suggested that an alteration in fibrinogen structure and function are associated with enhanced ROS production via neutrophil NADPH oxidase. Altogether, these findings improve our understanding of the intricate pathogenetic mechanisms of thrombo-inflammation and may indicate potential new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Emmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bettiol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gülen Hatemi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Domenico Prisco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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19
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Stiff Substrates Enhance Endothelial Oxidative Stress in Response to Protein Kinase C Activation. Appl Bionics Biomech 2019; 2019:6578492. [PMID: 31110559 PMCID: PMC6487160 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6578492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness, which increases with aging and hypertension, is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. While stiffer substrates are known to affect single endothelial cell morphology and migration, the effect of substrate stiffness on endothelial monolayer function is less understood. The objective of this study was to determine if substrate stiffness increased endothelial monolayer reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to protein kinase C (PKC) activation and if this oxidative stress then impacted adherens junction integrity. Porcine aortic endothelial cells were cultured on varied stiffness polyacrylamide gels and treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which stimulates PKC and ROS without increasing actinomyosin contractility. PMA-treated endothelial cells on stiffer substrates increased ROS and adherens junction loss without increased contractility. ROS scavengers abrogated PMA effects on cell-cell junctions, with a more profound effect in cells on stiffer substrates. Finally, endothelial cells in aortae from elastin haploinsufficient mice (Eln+/-), which were stiffer than aortae from wild-type mice, showed decreased VE-cadherin colocalization with peripheral actin following PMA treatment. These data suggest that oxidative stress may be enhanced in endothelial cells in stiffer vessels, which could contribute to the association between arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease.
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20
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Taghi Beigi H, Esfarjani F, Marandi SM, Karami H. The Effect of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise on the Expression of Regulatory Subunits of NADPH Oxidase 2 (p47phox and p67phox) in the Cardiac Tissue of Diabetic Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BASIC SCIENCE IN MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/ijbsm.2019.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Oxidative stress seems to play a major role in diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction, known as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 is considered as one of the main enzymatic systems which primarily contributes to the production of reactive oxygen species in various organs including the heart. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise (AE) on the expression of p47phox and p67phox, which are regarded as the regulatory subunits of NADPH oxidase 2 in the cardiac tissue in diabetic rats. Methods: A total of 36 male Wistar rats with a mean weight of 231±25 g were randomly divided into non-diabetic, control diabetic, and trained diabetic groups (each containing 12 rats). Nicotinamide and streptozotocin were used to induce diabetes in the rats. The cardiac muscle was removed under sterile conditions 48 hours following the last training session. Finally, the mRNA levels of p47phox and p67phox were evaluated using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The results showed that diabetes induction significantly increased the gene expressions of p47phox and p67phox in the cardiac tissue of diabetic rats. The expression of these genes was significantly attenuated after 8 weeks of AE. Conclusion: In general, AE was found to prevent the negative effects of diabetes by suppressing p47phox and p67phox in the cardiac tissue of diabetic rats. Therefore, this can improve cardiac function and may be a potential preventive or therapeutic modality for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Taghi Beigi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Esfarjani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Marandi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hadi Karami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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21
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Zimmerer JM, Liu XL, Blaszczak A, Avila CL, Pham TA, Warren RT, Bumgardner GL. Critical Role of Macrophage FcγR Signaling and Reactive Oxygen Species in Alloantibody-Mediated Hepatocyte Rejection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:3731-3740. [PMID: 30397035 PMCID: PMC6289737 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Humoral alloimmunity negatively impacts both short- and long-term cell and solid organ transplant survival. We previously reported that alloantibody-mediated rejection of transplanted hepatocytes is critically dependent on host macrophages. However, the effector mechanism(s) of macrophage-mediated injury to allogeneic liver parenchymal cells is not known. We hypothesized that macrophage-mediated destruction of allogeneic hepatocytes occurs by cell-cell interactions requiring FcγRs. To examine this, alloantibody-dependent hepatocyte rejection in CD8-depleted wild-type (WT) and Fcγ-chain knockout (KO; lacking all functional FcγR) transplant recipients was evaluated. Alloantibody-mediated hepatocellular allograft rejection was abrogated in recipients lacking FcγR compared with WT recipients. We also investigated anti-FcγRI mAb, anti-FcγRIII mAb, and inhibitors of intracellular signaling (to block phagocytosis, cytokines, and reactive oxygen species [ROS]) in an in vitro alloantibody-dependent, macrophage-mediated hepatocytoxicity assay. Results showed that in vitro alloantibody-dependent, macrophage-mediated hepatocytotoxicity was critically dependent on FcγRs and ROS. The adoptive transfer of WT macrophages into CD8-depleted FcγR-deficient recipients was sufficient to induce alloantibody-mediated rejection, whereas adoptive transfer of macrophages from Fcγ-chain KO mice or ROS-deficient (p47 KO) macrophages was not. These results provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, that alloantibody-dependent hepatocellular allograft rejection is mediated by host macrophages through FcγR signaling and ROS cytotoxic effector mechanisms. These results support the investigation of novel immunotherapeutic strategies targeting macrophages, FcγRs, and/or downstream molecules, including ROS, to inhibit humoral immune damage of transplanted hepatocytes and perhaps other cell and solid organ transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Zimmerer
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Xin L Liu
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Alecia Blaszczak
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Christina L Avila
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Thomas A Pham
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Robert T Warren
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Ginny L Bumgardner
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
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22
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Qingxuan Jiangya Decoction Mitigates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats by Regulating Transforming Growth Factor- β1/Smad Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1576328. [PMID: 29441112 PMCID: PMC5758855 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1576328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Qingxuan Jiangya Decoction (QXJYD) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in the clinical treatment of hypertension. Earlier studies had shown that QXJYD could inhibit the elevation of blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and prevent remodeling of arterial vessels. This study examines the therapeutic efficacy of QXJYD against elevated blood pressure using the SHR model, as well as the mechanisms behind its antihypertensive activity and protection against renal fibrosis. The results showed that QXJYD significantly attenuated the increase in blood pressure in SHRs and mitigated the development of renal interstitial fibrosis. In addition, QXJYD also robustly decreased the excess accumulation of extracellular matrix and attenuated the elevated expression of MMPs. The antihypertensive effects and renal protection of QXJYD were determined to be strongly associated with inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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23
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Dunham J, Bauer J, Campbell GR, Mahad DJ, van Driel N, van der Pol SMA, 't Hart BA, Lassmann H, Laman JD, van Horssen J, Kap YS. Oxidative Injury and Iron Redistribution Are Pathological Hallmarks of Marmoset Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 76:467-478. [PMID: 28505283 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlx034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage and iron redistribution are associated with the pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS), but these aspects are not entirely replicated in rodent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models. Here, we report that oxidative burst and injury as well as redistribution of iron are hallmarks of the MS-like pathology in the EAE model in the common marmoset. Active lesions in the marmoset EAE brain display increased expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (p22phox, p47phox, and gp91phox) and inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity within lesions with active inflammation and demyelination, coinciding with enhanced expression of mitochondrial heat-shock protein 70 and superoxide dismutase 1 and 2. The EAE lesion-associated liberation of iron (due to loss of iron-containing myelin) was associated with altered expression of the iron metabolic markers FtH1, lactoferrin, hephaestin, and ceruloplasmin. The enhanced expression of oxidative damage markers in inflammatory lesions indicates that the enhanced antioxidant enzyme expression could not counteract reactive oxygen and nitrogen species-induced cellular damage, as is also observed in MS brains. This study demonstrates that oxidative injury and aberrant iron distribution are prominent pathological hallmarks of marmoset EAE thus making this model suitable for therapeutic intervention studies aimed at reducing oxidative stress and associated iron dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordon Dunham
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Jan Bauer
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Graham R Campbell
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Don J Mahad
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Nikki van Driel
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Susanne M A van der Pol
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Bert A 't Hart
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Hans Lassmann
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Jon D Laman
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Jack van Horssen
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
| | - Yolanda S Kap
- From the Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands (JD, NvD, BAH, YSK); Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (JD, BAH, JDL); Medical University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria (JB, HL); Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRC, DJM); and Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (SMAvdP, JvH)
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24
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Csányi G, Feck DM, Ghoshal P, Singla B, Lin H, Nagarajan S, Meijles DN, Al Ghouleh I, Cantu-Medellin N, Kelley EE, Mateuszuk L, Isenberg JS, Watkins S, Pagano PJ. CD47 and Nox1 Mediate Dynamic Fluid-Phase Macropinocytosis of Native LDL. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:886-901. [PMID: 27958762 PMCID: PMC5455613 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Macropinocytosis has been implicated in cardiovascular and other disorders, yet physiological factors that initiate fluid-phase internalization and the signaling mechanisms involved remain poorly identified. The present study was designed to examine whether matrix protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) stimulates macrophage macropinocytosis and, if so, to investigate the potential signaling mechanism involved. RESULTS TSP1 treatment of human and murine macrophages stimulated membrane ruffle formation and pericellular solute internalization by macropinocytosis. Blockade of TSP1 cognate receptor CD47 and NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) signaling, inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and transcriptional knockdown of myotubularin-related protein 6 abolished TSP1-induced macropinocytosis. Our results demonstrate that Nox1 signaling leads to dephosphorylation of actin-binding protein cofilin at Ser-3, actin remodeling, and macropinocytotic uptake of unmodified native low-density lipoprotein (nLDL), leading to foam cell formation. Finally, peritoneal chimera studies suggest the role of CD47 in macrophage lipid macropinocytosis in hypercholesterolemic ApoE-/- mice in vivo. INNOVATION Activation of a previously unidentified TSP1-CD47 signaling pathway in macrophages stimulates direct receptor-independent internalization of nLDL, leading to significant lipid accumulation and foam cell formation. These findings reveal a new paradigm in which delimited Nox1-mediated redox signaling, independent of classical lipid oxidation, contributes to early propagation of vascular inflammatory disease. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study demonstrate a new mechanism of solute uptake with implications for a wide array of cell types, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and cancer cells, and multiple pathological conditions in which matrix proteins are upregulated. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 886-901.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Csányi
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Douglas M Feck
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Bhupesh Singla
- 3 Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Huiping Lin
- 3 Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Shanmugam Nagarajan
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel N Meijles
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Imad Al Ghouleh
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nadiezhda Cantu-Medellin
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric E Kelley
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lukasz Mateuszuk
- 4 Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics , Kraków, Poland
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,5 Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simon Watkins
- 6 Center for Biologic Imaging, BSTS, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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25
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Forte M, Palmerio S, Yee D, Frati G, Sciarretta S. Functional Role of Nox4 in Autophagy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:307-326. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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26
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Taoka R, Jinesh GG, Xue W, Safe S, Kamat AM. CF 3DODA-Me induces apoptosis, degrades Sp1, and blocks the transformation phase of the blebbishield emergency program. Apoptosis 2017; 22:719-729. [PMID: 28283889 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-017-1359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are capable of undergoing cellular transformation after commencement of apoptosis through the blebbishield emergency program in a VEGF-VEGFR2-dependent manner. Development of therapeutics targeting the blebbishield emergency program would thus be important in cancer therapy. Specificity protein 1 (Sp1) orchestrates the transcription of both VEGF and VEGFR2; hence, Sp1 could act as a therapeutic target. Here, we demonstrate that CF3DODA-Me induced apoptosis, degraded Sp1, inhibited the expression of multiple drivers of the blebbishield emergency program such as VEGFR2, p70S6K, and N-Myc through activation of caspase-3, inhibited reactive oxygen species; and inhibited K-Ras activation to abolish transformation from blebbishields as well as transformation in soft agar. These findings confirm CF3DODA-Me as a potential therapeutic candidate that can induce apoptosis and block transformation from blebbishields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikiya Taoka
- Department of Urology, Unit 1373, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Goodwin G Jinesh
- Department of Urology, Unit 1373, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Wenrui Xue
- Department of Urology, Unit 1373, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Department of Urology, Unit 1373, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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27
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Forte M, Nocella C, De Falco E, Palmerio S, Schirone L, Valenti V, Frati G, Carnevale R, Sciarretta S. The Pathophysiological Role of NOX2 in Hypertension and Organ Damage. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2017; 23:355-364. [PMID: 27915400 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-016-0175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) represent one of the major sources of reactive oxygen species in the vascular district. Reactive oxygen species are responsible for vascular damage that leads to several cardiovascular pathological conditions. Among NOX isoforms, NOX2 is widely expressed in many cells types, such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, confirming its pivotal role in vascular pathophysiology. Studies in mice models with systemic deletion of NOX2, as well as in transgenic mice overexpressing NOX2, have demonstrated the undeniable involvement of NOX2 in the development of hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, cardiac hypertrophy, platelet aggregation, and aging. Of note, the inhibition of NOX2 has been found to be protective for cardiovascular homeostasis. Here, we review the evidence demonstrating that the modulation of NOX2 activity is able to improve vascular physiology, suggesting that NOX2 may be a potential target for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Forte
- Department of Angiocardioneurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077, Italy
| | - Cristina Nocella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 79 Corso della Repubblica, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 79 Corso della Repubblica, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Silvia Palmerio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 79 Corso della Repubblica, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Leonardo Schirone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 79 Corso della Repubblica, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Valentina Valenti
- Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Angiocardioneurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 79 Corso della Repubblica, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Angiocardioneurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Angiocardioneurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077, Italy. .,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 79 Corso della Repubblica, 04100, Latina, Italy.
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28
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Sag CM, Schnelle M, Zhang J, Murdoch CE, Kossmann S, Protti A, Santos CXC, Sawyer G, Zhang X, Mongue-Din H, Richards DA, Brewer AC, Prysyazhna O, Maier LS, Wenzel P, Eaton PJ, Shah AM. Distinct Regulatory Effects of Myeloid Cell and Endothelial Cell NAPDH Oxidase 2 on Blood Pressure. Circulation 2017; 135:2163-2177. [PMID: 28298457 PMCID: PMC5444427 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.023877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension caused by increased renin-angiotensin system activation is associated with elevated reactive oxygen species production. Previous studies implicate NADPH oxidase (Nox) proteins as important reactive oxygen species sources during renin-angiotensin system activation, with different Nox isoforms being potentially involved. Among these, Nox2 is expressed in multiple cell types, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, and microglia. Blood pressure (BP) is regulated at the central nervous system, renal, and vascular levels, but the cell-specific role of Nox2 in BP regulation is unknown. METHODS We generated a novel mouse model with a floxed Nox2 gene and used Tie2-Cre, LysM Cre, or Cdh5-CreERT2 driver lines to develop cell-specific models of Nox2 perturbation to investigate its role in BP regulation. RESULTS Unexpectedly, Nox2 deletion in myeloid but not endothelial cells resulted in a significant reduction in basal BP. Both Tie2-CreNox2 knockout (KO) mice (in which Nox2 was deficient in both endothelial cells and myeloid cells) and LysM CreNox2KO mice (in which Nox2 was deficient in myeloid cells) had significantly lower BP than littermate controls, whereas basal BP was unaltered in Cdh5-CreERT2 Nox2KO mice (in which Nox2 is deficient only in endothelial cells). The lower BP was attributable to an increased NO bioavailability that dynamically dilated resistance vessels in vivo under basal conditions without a change in renal function. Myeloid-specific Nox2 deletion had no effect on angiotensin II-induced hypertension, which, however, was blunted in Tie2-CreNox2KO mice, along with preservation of endothelium-dependent relaxation during angiotensin II stimulation. CONCLUSIONS We identify a hitherto unrecognized modulation of basal BP by myeloid cell Nox2, whereas endothelial cell Nox2 regulates angiotensin II-induced hypertension. These results identify distinct cell-specific roles for Nox2 in BP regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Martin Sag
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Moritz Schnelle
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Juqian Zhang
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Colin E Murdoch
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Sabine Kossmann
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Andrea Protti
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Celio X C Santos
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Greta Sawyer
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Heloise Mongue-Din
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Daniel A Richards
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Alison C Brewer
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Oleksandra Prysyazhna
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Lars S Maier
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Philip Wenzel
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Philip J Eaton
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.)
| | - Ajay M Shah
- From King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, United Kingdom (C.M.S., M.S., J.Z., C.E.M., A.P., C.X.C.S., G.S., X.Z., H.M.-D., D.A.R., A.C.B., A.P., P.J.E., A.M.S.); Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (C.M.S., L.S.M.); Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Medical Center Goettingen, Germany (M.S.); and Center for Cardiology and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (S.K., P.W.).
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Ma MW, Wang J, Zhang Q, Wang R, Dhandapani KM, Vadlamudi RK, Brann DW. NADPH oxidase in brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:7. [PMID: 28095923 PMCID: PMC5240251 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a common denominator in the pathology of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis, as well as in ischemic and traumatic brain injury. The brain is highly vulnerable to oxidative damage due to its high metabolic demand. However, therapies attempting to scavenge free radicals have shown little success. By shifting the focus to inhibit the generation of damaging free radicals, recent studies have identified NADPH oxidase as a major contributor to disease pathology. NADPH oxidase has the primary function to generate free radicals. In particular, there is growing evidence that the isoforms NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 can be upregulated by a variety of neurodegenerative factors. The majority of recent studies have shown that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase enzymes are neuroprotective and able to reduce detrimental aspects of pathology following ischemic and traumatic brain injury, as well as in chronic neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to summarize evidence supporting the role of NADPH oxidase in the pathology of these neurological disorders, explores pharmacological strategies of targeting this major oxidative stress pathway, and outlines obstacles that need to be overcome for successful translation of these therapies to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merry W Ma
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Krishnan M Dhandapani
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ratna K Vadlamudi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Darrell W Brann
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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Zhang SS, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Xiong ZY, Chen H, Huang QB. Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts to prevent podocyte apoptosis induced by advanced oxidative protein products. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:1413-1419. [PMID: 27965099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether and how glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) can protect podocytes from apoptosis induced by advanced oxidative protein products (AOPPs). METHODS Murine podocytes were stimulated with 200 μg/ml AOPP for 48 h in the presence or absence of GLP-1. Cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 assay. Podocyte apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining. Superoxide radical production was assayed using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, and Western blotting was used to measure expression of RAGE, NADPH oxidase subunits p47phox and gp91phox, as well as apoptosis-associated proteins p53, Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3. RESULTS Incubating podocytes with AOPPs reduced cell viability, triggered changes in cell morphology and promoted apoptosis. GLP-1 partially inhibited AOPP-induced apoptosis, O2- overproduction, and AOPP-induced expression of RAGE. GLP-1 inhibited expression of p47phox and gp91phox in AOPP-treated podocytes, and it attenuated AOPP-induced expression of p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3, whereas it restored expression of Bcl-2. CONCLUSION GLP-1 partially inhibits AOPP-induced apoptosis in podocytes, perhaps by interfering with the AOPP-RAGE axis, decreasing oxidative stress and inhibiting the downstream p53/Bax/caspase-3 apoptotic pathway. GLP-1 may be a useful anti-apoptotic agent for early intervention in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Wu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou-Yi Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qiao-Bing Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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2-Aminobutyric acid modulates glutathione homeostasis in the myocardium. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36749. [PMID: 27827456 PMCID: PMC5101505 DOI: 10.1038/srep36749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous report showed that the consumption of glutathione through oxidative stress activates the glutathione synthetic pathway, which is accompanied by production of ophthalmic acid from 2-aminobutyric acid (2-AB). We conducted a comprehensive quantification of serum metabolites using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in patients with atrial septal defect to find clues for understanding myocardial metabolic regulation, and demonstrated that circulating 2-AB levels reflect hemodynamic changes. However, the metabolism and pathophysiological role of 2-AB remains unclear. We revealed that 2-AB is generated by an amino group transfer reaction to 2-oxobutyric acid, a byproduct of cysteine biosynthesis from cystathionine. Because cysteine is a rate-limiting substrate for glutathione synthesis, we hypothesized that 2-AB reflects glutathione compensation against oxidative stress. A murine cardiomyopathy model induced by doxorubicin supported our hypothesis, i.e., increased reactive oxygen species are accompanied by 2-AB accumulation and compensatory maintenance of myocardial glutathione levels. Intriguingly, we also found that 2-AB increases intracellular glutathione levels by activating AMPK and exerts protective effects against oxidative stress. Finally, we demonstrated that oral administration of 2-AB efficiently raises both circulating and myocardial glutathione levels and protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice. This is the first study to demonstrate that 2-AB modulates glutathione homeostasis in the myocardium.
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Zhang Z, Yang L, Lei L, Chen R, Chen H, Zhang H. Glucagon-like peptide-1 attenuates advanced oxidation protein product-mediated damage in islet microvascular endothelial cells partly through the RAGE pathway. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1161-9. [PMID: 27574116 PMCID: PMC5029952 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) are knownt to play a role in the pathogenesis of diseases and related complications. However, whether AOPPs affect the survival of islet microvascular endothelial cells (IMECs) has not been reported to date, at least to the best of our knowledge. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying AOPP-mediated damage in IMECs and the protective role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which has been suggested to exert beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. IMECs were treated with AOPPs (0-200 µg/ml) for 0-72 h in the presence or absence of GLP-1 (100 nmol/l). Apoptosis, cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were examined, the expression levels of p53, Bax, receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and NAD(P)H oxidase subunit were determined, and the activity of NAD(P)H oxidase, caspase-9 and caspase-3 was also determined. The results revealed that AOPPs increased the expression of RAGE, p47phox and p22phox; induced NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent ROS generation, increased p53 and Bax expression, enhanced the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and induced cell apoptosis. Treatment with GLP-1 decreased the expression of RAGE, inhibited NAD(P)H oxidase activity, decreased cell apoptosis and increased cell viability. On the whole, our findings indicate that AOPPs induce the apoptosis of IMECs via the RAGE-NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent pathway and that treatment with GLP-1 effectively reverses these detrimental effects by decreasing AOPP-induced RAGE expression and restoring the redox balance. Our data may indicate that GLP-1 may prove to be beneficial in attenuating the progression of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Rongping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
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Fratta Pasini AM, Ferrari M, Stranieri C, Vallerio P, Mozzini C, Garbin U, Zambon G, Cominacini L. Nrf2 expression is increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from mild-moderate ex-smoker COPD patients with persistent oxidative stress. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:1733-43. [PMID: 27555763 PMCID: PMC4968670 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadequacy of antioxidant nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated unfolded protein response has been implicated in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cigarette smoking-induced emphysema. As evidence suggests that the ability to upregulate Nrf2 expression may influence the progression of COPD and no data exist up to now in ex-smokers with mild-moderate COPD, this study was first aimed to evaluate Nrf2 and unfolded protein response expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of mild-moderate ex-smokers with COPD compared to smoking habit-matched non-COPD subjects. Then, we tested whether oxidative stress persists after cigarette smoking cessation and whether the concentrations of oxidized phospholipids (oxidation products of the phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine [oxPAPC]) in the PBMC of the same subjects may have a causative role in determining the upregulation of Nrf2. The expression (mRNA and protein) of Nrf2 and of its related gene heme oxygenase-1 was significantly increased in COPD group without differences in the unfolded protein response. Plasma malondialdehyde, the circulating marker of oxidative stress, and oxPAPC in PBMC were significantly higher in COPD than in non-COPD subjects. The fact that the expression of p47phox, a subunit of NADPH oxidase, was increased in PBMC of COPD patients and that it was directly correlated with oxPAPC may indicate that oxPAPC may be one of the determinants of oxidative stress-induced Nrf2 upregulation. Finally, we also demonstrated that lung function inversely correlated with plasma malondialdehyde and with Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression in all subjects. Our results indicate that mild-moderate ex-smokers with COPD may be able to counteract oxidative stress by increasing the expression of Nrf2/antioxidant-response elements. Because Nrf2 failure significantly contributes to the development of COPD, our findings suggest that the possibility to prevent Nrf2 reduction may open a new scenario in helping to prevent the oxidative stress-associated lung function decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcello Ferrari
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ulisse Garbin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine
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Carnagarin R, Carlessi R, Newsholme P, Dharmarajan AM, Dass CR. Pigment epithelium-derived factor stimulates skeletal muscle glycolytic activity through NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species production. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 78:229-236. [PMID: 27343430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor is a multifunctional serpin implicated in insulin resistance in metabolic disorders. Recent evidence suggests that exposure of peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscle to PEDF has profound metabolic consequences with predisposition towards chronic conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Chronic inflammation shifts muscle metabolism towards increased glycolysis and decreased oxidative metabolism. In the present study, we demonstrate a novel effect of PEDF on cellular metabolism in mouse cell line (C2C12) and human primary skeletal muscle cells. PEDF addition to skeletal muscle cells induced enhanced phospholipase A2 activity. This was accompanied with increased production of reactive oxygen species in a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-dependent manner that triggered a shift towards a more glycolytic phenotype. Extracellular flux analysis and glucose consumption assays demonstrated that PEDF treatment resulted in enhanced glycolysis but did not change mitochondrial respiration. Our results demonstrate that skeletal muscle cells express a PEDF-inducible oxidant generating system that enhances glycolysis but is sensitive to antioxidants and NADPH oxidase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Carnagarin
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia; Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Carlessi
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Philip Newsholme
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Arun M Dharmarajan
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia; Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia.
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Reena, Kaur T, Kaur A, Singh M, Buttar HS, Pathak D, Singh AP. Mast cell stabilizers obviate high fat diet-induced renal dysfunction in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 777:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Chen AY, Lü JM, Yao Q, Chen C. Entacapone is an Antioxidant More Potent than Vitamin C and Vitamin E for Scavenging of Hypochlorous Acid and Peroxynitrite, and the Inhibition of Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:687-96. [PMID: 26927838 PMCID: PMC4777242 DOI: 10.12659/msm.896462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Entacapone (ENT), a clinical drug for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, has been shown to have antioxidant effects, but little is known about its antioxidant mechanisms. The objective of the current study was to determine the antioxidant activity of ENT against different species of oxidants and compared it with that of vitamin C and vitamin E. We also determined the effect of ENT on oxidative stress-induced cell death in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Material/Methods The total antioxidant activities of ENT, vitamin C and vitamin E were determined with a standard DPPH-scavenging assay. Specific assays to determine ENT’s scavenging activity on hypochlorous acid (HOCl), peroxynitrite (ONOO−), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the chelating effect on Fe(II) were used. H2O2-induced cell death in HUVECs was determined with the MTT assay. Results ENT (10 and 20 μM) scavenged 60% and 83% of DPPH activity, respectively. These percentages were greater than those resulting from using the same concentrations of vitamin C and vitamin E. ENT’s HOCl-scavenging activity was concentration-dependent and 8 to 20 times stronger than those of vitamin C and vitamin E. ENT’s ONOO−-scavenging activity was 8% to 30% stronger than that of vitamin C. However, ENT, vitamin C, and vitamin E were not able to directly scavenge H2O2, and did not show any chelating effect on Fe(II). Importantly ENT, but not vitamin C or vitamin E, inhibited H2O2-induced cell death in HUVECs. Conclusions ENT is an antioxidant that can scavenge toxic HOCl and ONOO− species and inhibit oxidative stress-induced cell death more effectively than vitamin C and vitamin E. ENT may have new clinical applications as an antioxidant in the treatment of ROS-induced diseases including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Y Chen
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jian-Ming Lü
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qizhi Yao
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Changyi Chen
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Exercise Training Attenuates Upregulation of p47(phox) and p67(phox) in Hearts of Diabetic Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5868913. [PMID: 26989452 PMCID: PMC4771908 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5868913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training (ExT) is currently being used as a nonpharmacological strategy to improve cardiac function in diabetic patients. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying its beneficial effects remains poorly understood. Oxidative stress is known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy and one of the enzyme systems that produce reactive oxygen species is NADH/NADPH oxidase. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes on expression of p47(phox) and p67(phox), key regulatory subunits of NADPH oxidase, in cardiac tissues and determine whether ExT can attenuate these changes. Four weeks after STZ treatment, expression of p47(phox) and p67(phox) increased 2.3-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, in left ventricles of diabetic rats and these increases were attenuated with three weeks of ExT, initiated 1 week after onset of diabetes. In atrial tissues, there was increased expression of p47(phox) (74%), which was decreased by ExT in diabetic rats. Furthermore, increased collagen III levels in diabetic hearts (52%) were significantly reduced by ExT. Taken together, ExT attenuates the increased expression of p47(phox) and p67(phox) in the hearts of diabetic rats which could be an underlying mechanism for improving intracardiac matrix and thus cardiac function and prevent cardiac remodeling in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Chang HC, Yang HL, Pan JH, Korivi M, Pan JY, Hsieh MC, Chao PM, Huang PJ, Tsai CT, Hseu YC. Hericium erinaceus Inhibits TNF-α-Induced Angiogenesis and ROS Generation through Suppression of MMP-9/NF-κB Signaling and Activation of Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Genes in Human EA.hy926 Endothelial Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:8257238. [PMID: 26823953 PMCID: PMC4707368 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8257238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus (HE) is an edible mushroom that has been shown to exhibit anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. We investigated the antiangiogenic and antioxidant potentials of ethanol extracts of HE in human endothelial (EA.hy926) cells upon tumor necrosis factor-α- (TNF-α-) stimulation (10 ng/mL). The underlying molecular mechanisms behind the pharmacological efficacies were elucidated. We found that noncytotoxic concentrations of HE (50-200 μg/mL) significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced migration/invasion and capillary-like tube formation of endothelial cells. HE treatment suppressed TNF-α-induced activity and/or overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Furthermore, HE downregulated TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) followed by suppression of I-κB (inhibitor-κB) degradation. Data from fluorescence microscopy illustrated that increased intracellular ROS production upon TNF-α-stimulation was remarkably inhibited by HE pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, HE triggered antioxidant gene expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCLC), and glutathione levels, which may contribute to inhibition of ROS. Increased antioxidant status was associated with upregulated nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of NF-E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) in HE treated cells. Our findings conclude that antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities of H. erinaceus may contribute to its anticancer property through modulation of MMP-9/NF-κB and Nrf2-antioxidant signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebron C. Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hao Pan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Mallikarjuna Korivi
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jian-You Pan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chang Hsieh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Min Chao
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jane Huang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tsan Tsai
- Institute of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Chen GF, Sudhahar V, Youn SW, Das A, Cho J, Kamiya T, Urao N, McKinney RD, Surenkhuu B, Hamakubo T, Iwanari H, Li S, Christman JW, Shantikumar S, Angelini GD, Emanueli C, Ushio-Fukai M, Fukai T. Copper Transport Protein Antioxidant-1 Promotes Inflammatory Neovascularization via Chaperone and Transcription Factor Function. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14780. [PMID: 26437801 PMCID: PMC4594038 DOI: 10.1038/srep14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu), an essential micronutrient, plays a fundamental role in inflammation and angiogenesis; however, its precise mechanism remains undefined. Here we uncover a novel role of Cu transport protein Antioxidant-1 (Atox1), which is originally appreciated as a Cu chaperone and recently discovered as a Cu-dependent transcription factor, in inflammatory neovascularization. Atox1 expression is upregulated in patients and mice with critical limb ischemia. Atox1-deficient mice show impaired limb perfusion recovery with reduced arteriogenesis, angiogenesis, and recruitment of inflammatory cells. In vivo intravital microscopy, bone marrow reconstitution, and Atox1 gene transfer in Atox1−/− mice show that Atox1 in endothelial cells (ECs) is essential for neovascularization and recruitment of inflammatory cells which release VEGF and TNFα. Mechanistically, Atox1-depleted ECs demonstrate that Cu chaperone function of Atox1 mediated through Cu transporter ATP7A is required for VEGF-induced angiogenesis via activation of Cu enzyme lysyl oxidase. Moreover, Atox1 functions as a Cu-dependent transcription factor for NADPH oxidase organizer p47phox, thereby increasing ROS-NFκB-VCAM-1/ICAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion in ECs inflamed with TNFα in an ATP7A-independent manner. These findings demonstrate a novel linkage between Atox1 and NADPH oxidase involved in inflammatory neovascularization and suggest Atox1 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gin-Fu Chen
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Varadarajan Sudhahar
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Seock-Won Youn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Archita Das
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jaehyung Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Tetsuro Kamiya
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Norifumi Urao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Ronald D McKinney
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Bayasgalan Surenkhuu
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Takao Hamakubo
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Iwanari
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Senlin Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - John W Christman
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, OH
| | - Saran Shantikumar
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol
| | - Gianni D Angelini
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College of London, London, UK
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College of London, London, UK
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Departments of Medicine (Section of Cardiology) and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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Sriramula S, Francis J. Tumor Necrosis Factor - Alpha Is Essential for Angiotensin II-Induced Ventricular Remodeling: Role for Oxidative Stress. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138372. [PMID: 26378790 PMCID: PMC4574701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional crosstalk between angiotensin II (Ang II) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been shown to cause adverse left ventricular remodeling and hypertrophy in hypertension. Previous studies from our lab showed that mice lacking TNF-α (TNF-α-/-) have attenuated hypertensive response to Ang II; however, the signaling mechanisms involved are not known. In this study, we investigated the signaling pathways involved in the Ang II and TNF-α interaction. Chronic Ang II infusion (1μg/kg/min, 14 days) significantly increased cardiac collagen I, collagen III, CTGF and TGF-β mRNA and protein expression in wild-type (WT) mice, whereas these changes were decreased in TNF-α-/- mice. TNF-α-/- mice with Ang II infusion showed reduced myocardial perivascular and interstitial fibrosis compared to WT mice with Ang II infusion. In WT mice, Ang II infusion increased reactive oxygen species formation and the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits, indicating increased oxidative stress, but not in TNF-α-/- mice. In addition, treatment with etanercept (8 mg/kg, every 3 days) for two weeks blunted the Ang II-induced hypertension (133±4 vs 154±3 mmHg, p<0.05) and cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight to body weight ratio, 4.8±0.2 vs 5.6±0.3, p<0.05) in WT mice. Furthermore, Ang II-induced activation of NF-κB, p38 MAPK, and JNK were reduced in both TNF-α-/- mice and mice treated with etanercept. Together, these findings indicate that TNF-α contributes to Ang II-induced hypertension and adverse cardiac remodeling, and that these effects are associated with changes in the oxidative stress dependent MAPK/TGF-β/NF-κB pathway. These results may provide new insight into the mechanisms of Ang II and TNF-α interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Sriramula
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SS); (JF)
| | - Joseph Francis
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SS); (JF)
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Cahill-Smith S, Li JM. Oxidative stress, redox signalling and endothelial dysfunction in ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases: a role of NADPH oxidase 2. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 78:441-53. [PMID: 25279404 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic oxidative stress and oxidative damage of the cerebral microvasculature and brain cells has become one of the most convincing theories in neurodegenerative pathology. Controlled oxidative metabolism and redox signalling in the central nervous system are crucial for maintaining brain function; however, excessive production of reactive oxygen species and enhanced redox signalling damage neurons. While several enzymes and metabolic processes can generate intracellular reactive oxygen species in the brain, recently an O2−-generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), has emerged as a major source of oxidative stress in ageing-related vascular endothelial dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. The currently available inhibitors of Nox2 are not specific, and general antioxidant therapy is not effective in the clinic; therefore, insights into the mechanism of Nox2 activation and its signalling pathways are needed for the discovery of novel drug targets to prevent or treat these neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes the recent developments in understanding the mechanisms of Nox2 activation and redox-sensitive signalling pathways and biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, such as ageing-related mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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Burke RM, Berk BC. The Role of PB1 Domain Proteins in Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:1243-56. [PMID: 25686626 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE There are a limited number of proteins containing the Phox-Bem1 (PB1) protein interaction domain, and almost all of them play some role in endothelial cell (EC) function, health, and homeostasis. RECENT ADVANCES Most of these proteins have been shown to physically interact through PB1-PB1 binding and, as such, are linked together to form complexes that are responsive to hemodynamic force. These complexes range from redox regulation to inflammation to autophagy and back, and they employ multiple feedback mechanisms that are reliant on PB1 domain proteins. CRITICAL ISSUES Pathologic roles for PB1 domain-containing proteins have been demonstrated in multiple diseases, including vascular disease, cancer, liver disease, and myriad other concerns. Findings cited in this review show that dimerization of PB1 proteins exerts novel effects on EC function that may be important in multiple cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, thrombosis, inflammation, and hypertension. FUTURE DIRECTIONS As mechanistic understanding of the component pathways (redox regulation, cell polarity, inflammation, atheroprotection, and autophagy) is continually increasing, the larger picture of how these pathways interact with one another is evolving rapidly. We can now evaluate the PB1 domain proteins as a family in the context of multiple phenotypic readouts in EC function as well as evaluate them as drug targets against disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Burke
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
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Zakkar M, Guida G, Suleiman MS, Angelini GD. Cardiopulmonary bypass and oxidative stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:189863. [PMID: 25722792 PMCID: PMC4334937 DOI: 10.1155/2015/189863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) revolutionized cardiac surgery and contributed immensely to improved patients outcomes. CPB is associated with the activation of different coagulation, proinflammatory, survival cascades and altered redox state. Haemolysis, ischaemia, and perfusion injury and neutrophils activation during CPB play a pivotal role in oxidative stress and the associated activation of proinflammatory and proapoptotic signalling pathways which can affect the function and recovery of multiple organs such as the myocardium, lungs, and kidneys and influence clinical outcomes. The administration of agents with antioxidant properties during surgery either intravenously or in the cardioplegia solution may reduce ROS burst and oxidative stress during CPB. Alternatively, the use of modified circuits such as minibypass can modify both proinflammatory responses and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Zakkar
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Level 7, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Gustavo Guida
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Level 7, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - M-Saadeh Suleiman
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Level 7, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Gianni D. Angelini
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Level 7, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
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Dong Y, Wang H, Chen Z. Alpha-Lipoic Acid Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury via Insulin Receptor and PI3K/Akt-Dependent Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:903186. [PMID: 26294909 PMCID: PMC4532939 DOI: 10.1155/2015/903186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has various pharmacological effects such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. In the present study, administration of ALA (40 mg/kg, i.p.) for 3 days resulted in a significant decrease in neuronal deficit score and infarct volume and a significant increase in grip time and latency time in Morris water maze at 48 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) in rats. ALA also reduced the increased TUNEL-positive cells rate and the enhanced caspase-3 activity induced by MCAO/R. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that ALA could activate insulin receptor and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, inhibit the expression and activity of NADPH oxidase, and subsequently suppress the generation of superoxide and the augment of oxidative stress indicators including MDA, protein carbonylation, and 8-OHdG. In conclusion, ALA attenuates cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury via insulin receptor and PI3K/Akt-dependent inhibition of NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Dong
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Fourth Centre Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300140, China
- *Yinhua Dong:
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Fourth Centre Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300140, China
| | - Zefeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Fourth Centre Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300140, China
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45
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Piotrkowski B, Calabró V, Galleano M, Fraga CG. (−)-Epicatechin prevents alterations in the metabolism of superoxide anion and nitric oxide in the hearts ofl-NAME-treated rats. Food Funct 2015; 6:155-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00554f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of (−)-epicatechin administration in the heart of a rat model with reduced NO production that follows a short-term treatment withl-NAME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Piotrkowski
- Physical Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biochemistry and Medicine
- University of Buenos Aires (IBIMOL) – CONICET
- School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry
- University of Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Valeria Calabró
- Physical Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biochemistry and Medicine
- University of Buenos Aires (IBIMOL) – CONICET
- School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry
- University of Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Mónica Galleano
- Physical Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biochemistry and Medicine
- University of Buenos Aires (IBIMOL) – CONICET
- School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry
- University of Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - César G. Fraga
- Physical Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biochemistry and Medicine
- University of Buenos Aires (IBIMOL) – CONICET
- School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry
- University of Buenos Aires
- Argentina
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Scioli MG, Bielli A, Agostinelli S, Tarquini C, Arcuri G, Ferlosio A, Costanza G, Doldo E, Orlandi A. Antioxidant treatment prevents serum deprivation- and TNF-α-induced endothelial dysfunction through the inhibition of NADPH oxidase 4 and the restoration of β-oxidation. J Vasc Res 2014; 51:327-37. [PMID: 25401479 DOI: 10.1159/000365926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the impaired endothelial function occurring in vascular diseases. Antioxidant strategies induce a clinical advantage in patients with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis and protect from oxidative damage, but the underlying molecular mechanisms have been poorly evaluated. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects and mechanisms of action of antioxidant regimens on endothelial function. METHODS AND RESULTS Antioxidant efficacy of N-acetylcysteine, ascorbic acid and propionyl-L-carnitine was evaluated in serum-deprived and TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. Cell adhesion molecule (CAM) expression was evaluated by blot and real-time PCR, and inflammatory cytokine secretion was evaluated by ELISA; leukocyte adhesion and reactive oxygen species assays and NADPH oxidase 4 isoform (Nox4) expression analyses by blots were also performed. Antioxidant pretreatment restored serum-deprived and TNF-α-induced impaired mitochondrial β-oxidation by reducing flavin adenine dinucleotide level and counteracting increased CAM and Nox4 expression, leukocyte adhesion and inflammatory cytokine secretion. Specific inhibition by plumbagin and siNox4 prevented TNF-α- and serum deprivation-induced detrimental effects, confirming that endothelial oxidative stress and inflammation were Nox4 dependent. CONCLUSIONS Our findings documented Nox4 as a main actor in oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and further clarify the molecular basis of antioxidant treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Brandes RP, Weissmann N, Schröder K. Nox family NADPH oxidases: Molecular mechanisms of activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 76:208-26. [PMID: 25157786 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 489] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NADPH oxidases of the Nox family are important enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Numerous homologue-specific mechanisms control the activity of this enzyme family involving calcium, free fatty acids, protein-protein interactions, intracellular trafficking, and posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, or sumoylation. After a brief review on the classic pathways of Nox activation, this article will focus on novel mechanisms of homologue-specific activity control and on cell-specific aspects which govern Nox activity. From these findings of the recent years it must be concluded that the activity control of Nox enzymes is much more complex than anticipated. Moreover, depending on the cellular activity state, Nox enzymes are selectively activated or inactivated. The complex upstream signaling aspects of these events make the development of "intelligent" Nox inhibitors plausible, which selectively attenuate disease-related Nox-mediated ROS formation without altering physiological signaling ROS. This approach might be of relevance for Nox-mediated tissue injury in ischemia-reperfusion and inflammation and also for chronic Nox overactivation as present in cancer initiation and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf P Brandes
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- ECCPS, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Gole HKA, Tharp DL, Bowles DK. Upregulation of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (KCNN4) in porcine coronary smooth muscle requires NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5). PLoS One 2014; 9:e105337. [PMID: 25144362 PMCID: PMC4140784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims NADPH oxidase (NOX) is the primary source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) and is proposed to play a key role in redox signaling involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Growth factors and cytokines stimulate coronary SMC (CSMC) phenotypic modulation, proliferation, and migration during atherosclerotic plaque development and restenosis. We previously demonstrated that increased expression and activity of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (KCNN4) is necessary for CSMC phenotypic modulation and progression of stenotic lesions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether NOX is required for KCNN4 upregulation induced by mitogenic growth factors. Methods and Results Dihydroethidium micro-fluorography in porcine CSMCs demonstrated that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) increased superoxide production, which was blocked by the NOX inhibitor apocynin (Apo). Apo also blocked bFGF-induced increases in KCNN4 mRNA levels in both right coronary artery sections and CSMCs. Similarly, immunohistochemistry and whole cell voltage clamp showed bFGF-induced increases in CSMC KCNN4 protein expression and channel activity were abolished by Apo. Treatment with Apo also inhibited bFGF-induced increases in activator protein-1 promoter activity, as measured by luciferase activity assay. qRT-PCR demonstrated porcine coronary smooth muscle expression of NOX1, NOX2, NOX4, and NOX5 isoforms. Knockdown of NOX5 alone prevented both bFGF-induced upregulation of KCNN4 mRNA and CSMC migration. Conclusions Our findings provide novel evidence that NOX5-derived ROS increase functional expression of KCNN4 through activator protein-1, providing another potential link between NOX, CSMC phenotypic modulation, and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope K. A. Gole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Darla L. Tharp
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Douglas K. Bowles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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49
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Du J, Fan LM, Mai A, Li JM. Crucial roles of Nox2-derived oxidative stress in deteriorating the function of insulin receptors and endothelium in dietary obesity of middle-aged mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:1064-77. [PMID: 23957783 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Systemic oxidative stress associated with dietary calorie overload plays an important role in the deterioration of vascular function in middle-aged patients suffering from obesity and insulin resistance. However, effective therapy is still lacking. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In this study, we used a mouse model of middle-aged obesity to investigate the therapeutic potential of pharmaceutical inhibition (apocynin, 5 mM supplied in the drinking water) or knockout of Nox2, an enzyme generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, oxidative stress, insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Littermates of C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and Nox2 knockout (KO) mice (7 months old) were fed with a HFD (45% kcal fat) or normal chow diet (NCD, 12% kcal fat) for 16 weeks and used at 11 months of age. KEY RESULTS Compared to NCD WT mice, HFD WT mice developed obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Aortic vessels from these mice showed significantly increased Nox2 expression and ROS production, accompanied by significantly increased ERK1/2 activation, reduced insulin receptor expression, decreased Akt and eNOS phosphorylation and impaired endothelium-dependent vessel relaxation to acetylcholine. All these HFD-induced abnormalities (except the hyperinsulinaemia) were absent in apocynin-treated WT or Nox2 KO mice given the same HFD. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In conclusion, Nox2-derived ROS played a key role in damaging insulin receptor and endothelial function in dietary obesity after middle-age. Targeting Nox2 could represent a valuable therapeutic strategy in the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Du
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Sipkens JA, Hahn N, van den Brand CS, Meischl C, Cillessen SAGM, Smith DEC, Juffermans LJM, Musters RJP, Roos D, Jakobs C, Blom HJ, Smulders YM, Krijnen PAJ, Stehouwer CDA, Rauwerda JA, van Hinsbergh VWM, Niessen HWM. Homocysteine-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells coincides with nuclear NOX2 and peri-nuclear NOX4 activity. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 67:341-52. [PMID: 22038300 PMCID: PMC3825580 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-011-9297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis of endothelial cells related to homocysteine (Hcy) has been reported in several studies. In this study, we evaluated whether reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing signaling pathways contribute to Hcy-induced apoptosis induction, with specific emphasis on NADPH oxidases. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with 0.01–2.5 mM Hcy. We determined the effect of Hcy on caspase-3 activity, annexin V positivity, intracellular NOX1, NOX2, NOX4, and p47phox expression and localization, nuclear nitrotyrosine accumulation, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Hcy induced caspase-3 activity and apoptosis; this effect was concentration dependent and maximal after 6-h exposure to 2.5 mM Hcy. It was accompanied by a significant increase in ΔΨm. Cysteine was inactive on these parameters excluding a reactive thiol group effect. Hcy induced an increase in cellular NOX2, p47phox, and NOX4, but not that of NOX1. 3D digital imaging microscopy followed by image deconvolution analysis showed nuclear accumulation of NOX2 and p47phox in endothelial cells exposed to Hcy, but not in control cells, which coincided with accumulation of nuclear nitrotyrosine residues. Furthermore, Hcy enhanced peri-nuclear localization of NOX4 coinciding with accumulation of peri-nuclear nitrotyrosine residues, a reflection of local ROS production. p47phox was also increased in the peri-nuclear region. The Hcy-induced increase in caspase-3 activity was prevented by DPI and apocynin, suggesting involvement of NOX activity. The data presented in this article reveal accumulation of nuclear NOX2 and peri-nuclear NOX4 accumulation as potential source of ROS production in Hcy-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Sipkens
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Room 0E46, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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