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Zheng T, Wang X, Kamili K, Luo C, Hu Y, Wang D, Wang B, Gao P, Tian G. The relationship between alcohol consumption and chronic kidney disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:480-488. [PMID: 38179969 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2299304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the impact of moderate alcohol consumption on the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as NAFLD has been identified as an autonomous risk factor for CKD and previous research has demonstrated a reduction in overall mortality in NAFLD patients who consume alcohol in moderation.Methods: This study included participants from ten consecutive rounds of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES:1998-2018). Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the impact of moderate alcohol consumption on chronic kidney disease (CKD) in both male and female populations. Subgroup analysis was conducted by categorizing patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index.Results: 17040 participants were eligible to be included in the study. The logistic regression analysis model showed that moderate alcohol consumption was a protective factor for CKD in male NAFLD patients, with an unadjusted OR: 0.37 (0.22,0.65), and p < 0.001. After further adjustment, the association persisted. However, the association was not significant in female patients with NAFLD. Among men with low risk of liver fibrosis group, moderate alcohol consumption remained a protective factor for CKD (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.12-0.84, p = 0.02), but the association was not significant in the high risk of liver fibrosis group. In female patients, both moderate alcohol consumption and excessive alcohol consumption were not significantly associated with CKD in either the low-risk group or the high-risk group.Conclusion: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower prevalence of CKD in men with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kamila Kamili
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chaodi Luo
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Danni Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boxiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengjie Gao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Nunes Torres JA, de Lima DCA, Moraes VGDS, de Oliveira Cardoso MV, de Araújo Ribeiro LA, Silva FS, de Queiroz DB. Maternal exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide causes vascular dysfunction in offspring female rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116873. [PMID: 38417591 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
This study analyzed how glyphosate exposure in the gestational period affects vascular function in their female offspring and whether oxidative stress is involved in this effect. To this, pregnant Wistar rats were exposed through drinking water to 0.2% of a glyphosate commercial formulation, and we analyzed the response to acetylcholine and phenylephrine in the aorta from offspring of Glyphosate-based herbicide (O-GBH) and controls (O-CON) rats at six months of age. Relaxation to acetylcholine was reduced in O-GBH than in O-CON. Acute Indomethacin and Apocynin increased relaxation to acetylcholine in O-GBH. The aorta from O-GBH was hyperactive to phenylephrine; the preincubation with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increased contraction to phenylephrine more in O-CON than O-GBH. TEMPOL similarly reduced phenylephrine response, and L-NAME prevented this effect. The TBARS and GSH levels were increased in O-GBH than in O-CON. Results reinforce the concept that oxidative stress during the perinatal period contributes to the development of vascular changes in adulthood. Results also reveal that oxidative stress parameters altered, and the current levels considered safe for exposure to Glyphosate deserve further investigation, especially in the female gender.
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Nutritional Approaches Targeting Gut Microbiota in Oxidative-Stress-Associated Metabolic Syndrome: Focus on Early Life Programming. Nutrients 2024; 16:683. [PMID: 38474810 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) denotes a constellation of risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, with its roots potentially traced back to early life. Given the pivotal role of oxidative stress and dysbiotic gut microbiota in MetS pathogenesis, comprehending their influence on MetS programming is crucial. Targeting these mechanisms during the early stages of life presents a promising avenue for preventing MetS later in life. This article begins by examining detrimental insults during early life that impact fetal programming, ultimately contributing to MetS in adulthood. Following that, we explore the role of oxidative stress and the dysregulation of gut microbiota in the initiation of MetS programming. The review also consolidates existing evidence on how gut-microbiota-targeted interventions can thwart oxidative-stress-associated MetS programming, encompassing approaches such as probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and the modulation of bacterial metabolites. While animal studies demonstrate the favorable effects of gut-microbiota-targeted therapy in mitigating MetS programming, further clinical investigations are imperative to enhance our understanding of manipulating gut microbiota and oxidative stress for the prevention of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Campbell N, Deer E, Solise D, Cornelius DC, Turner T, Amaral LM, Herrock O, Jordan A, Shukla S, Ibrahim T, LaMarca B. AT1-AA Is Produced in Offspring in Response to Placental Ischemia and Is Lowered by B-Cell Depletion Without Compromising Overall Offspring Health. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e031417. [PMID: 38353227 PMCID: PMC11010106 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia, new-onset hypertension during pregnancy alongside other organ dysfunction, is the leading cause of mortality for the mother and low birth weight for the baby. Low birth weight contributes to high risk of cardiovascular disorders later in life. Women with preeclampsia have activated B cells producing agonistic autoantibodies to AT1-AA (angiotensin II type I receptor). We hypothesize that rituximab, a B cell-depleting chemotherapeutic, will deplete maternal B cells in reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rats without worsening the effect of placental ischemia on pup growth and survival. METHODS AND RESULTS To test this hypothesis, the RUPP procedure was performed, and rituximab was continuously infused via miniosmotic pump. Maternal blood and tissues were collected. A separate group of dams were allowed to deliver, pup weights were recorded, and at 4 months of age, tissues were collected from offspring. Immune cells were measured via flow cytometry, and AT1-AA was quantified using a contraction bioassay. Blood pressure increased in RUPP rats and was normalized with rituximab treatment. RUPP offspring also had increased circulating B cells, cytolytic natural killer cells, and increased circulating AT1-AA, which were normalized with maternal rituximab treatment. This is the first study to analyze the AT1-AA in RUPP offspring, which was normalized with rituximab. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that perinatal rituximab lowers maternal mean arterial pressure in RUPP rats and improves birth weight, circulating AT1-AA, and circulating natural killer cells, indicating that rituximab improves adverse fetal outcomes in response to placental ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Campbell
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Evangeline Deer
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Dylan Solise
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Denise C. Cornelius
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Ty Turner
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Lorena M. Amaral
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Owen Herrock
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Ariel Jordan
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Shivani Shukla
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Tarek Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Melatonin Use during Pregnancy and Lactation Complicated by Oxidative Stress: Focus on Offspring's Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health in Animal Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:226. [PMID: 38397824 PMCID: PMC10886428 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome has emerged as a major global public health concern, posing a substantial threat to human health. Early-life exposure to oxidative stress may heighten vulnerability to the developmental programming of adult diseases, encompassing various aspects of CKM syndrome. Conversely, the initiation of adverse programming processes can potentially be thwarted through early-life antioxidant interventions. Melatonin, originally recognized for its antioxidant properties, is an endogenous hormone with diverse biological functions. While melatonin has demonstrated benefits in addressing disorders linked to oxidative stress, there has been comparatively less focus on investigating its reprogramming effects on CKM syndrome. This review consolidates the current knowledge on the role of oxidative stress during pregnancy and lactation in inducing CKM traits in offspring, emphasizing the underlying mechanisms. The multifaceted role of melatonin in regulating oxidative stress, mediating fetal programming, and preventing adverse outcomes in offspring positions it as a promising reprogramming strategy. Currently, there is a lack of sufficient information in humans, and the available evidence primarily originates from animal studies. This opens up new avenues for novel preventive intervention in CKM syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Niu J, Xu D, Huang Y, You J, Zhang J, Li J, Su D, Lin S, Suo L, Ma J, Wu S. Sex-related association of modifiable risk factors with hypertension: A national cross-sectional study of NHANES 2007-2018. Clin Cardiol 2024; 47:e24165. [PMID: 37795956 PMCID: PMC10768740 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sex difference is commonly observed in hypertension. We aimed to assess sex differences in the associations of modifiable lifestyle and metabolic risk factors with risk of hypertension. DESIGN National cross-sectional population study. SETTING Data from the 2007 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PARTICIPANTS 7087 adults aged ≥30 years without a prior history of hypertension. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Odds ratios and population attributable fraction (PAF) of hypertension associated with 10 modifiable risk factors: five lifestyle risk factors (current smoking, excess alcohol intake, poor diet, physical inactivity, and unhealthy sleep), and five metabolic risk factors (obesity, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hyperuricemia, and chronic kidney disease) in women versus men. RESULTS Compared with women, men had 84% increased risk of prevalence of hypertension. The sex difference in risk for hypertension is more evident in those aged <60 years (p for interaction <.001). For those aged <60 years the combination of lifestyle risk factors accounted for a PAF of 27.2% in men and 48.8% in women, and the combination of metabolic risk factors accounted for a PAF similarly in men (37.4%) and women (38.2%). For those aged ≥60 years, the PAF of lifestyle risk factors was similar between men and women and the metabolic risk factors accounted for a greater proportion in women (33.0% vs. 14.5% in men). CONCLUSIONS Sex differences may exist in the relation and attribution of lifestyle and metabolic risk factors to hypertension, which may have implications for implementing sex-specific strategies to prevent hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Niu
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health SciencesShanghaiChina
- School of Clinical MedicineShanghai University of Medicine and Health SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Demin Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yujie Huang
- Medical Department, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen)Fudan UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Jianhong You
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Jianan Li
- School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Dan Su
- School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Sanru Lin
- School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Lixia Suo
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Jianying Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen)Fudan UniversityXiamenFujianChina
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shujing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen)Fudan UniversityXiamenFujianChina
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7
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Drury ER, Wu J, Gigliotti JC, Le TH. Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:199-251. [PMID: 37477622 PMCID: PMC11281816 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's controversial Generation of Animals more than 300 years BC, which reflects the sex bias of the time to contemporary readers. Although the question "why are the sexes different" remains a topic of debate in the present day in metaphysics, the recent emphasis on sex comparison in research studies has led to the question "how are the sexes different" being addressed in health science through numerous observational studies in both health and disease susceptibility, including blood pressure regulation and hypertension. These efforts have resulted in better understanding of differences in males and females at the molecular level that partially explain their differences in vascular function and renal sodium handling and hence blood pressure and the consequential cardiovascular and kidney disease risks in hypertension. This review focuses on clinical studies comparing differences between men and women in blood pressure over the life span and response to dietary sodium and highlights experimental models investigating sexual dimorphism in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, vascular, sympathetic nervous, and immune systems, endothelin, the major renal sodium transporters/exchangers/channels, and the impact of sex hormones on these systems in blood pressure homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms governing sex differences in blood pressure regulation could guide novel therapeutic approaches in a sex-specific manner to lower cardiovascular risks in hypertension and advance personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika R Drury
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Jing Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Joseph C Gigliotti
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lynchburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Thu H Le
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
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Olivera S, Graham D. Sex differences in preclinical models of hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:619-625. [PMID: 36335169 PMCID: PMC10403342 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension remains the primary contributor in the development of cardiovascular disease which is rapidly increasing worldwide. High blood pressure affects men and women differently and understanding these sex differences is the ultimate unmet need for researchers in this field. Due to the inherent differences in hypertension prevalence, control and outcomes between men and women, novel research needs to be carried out to tackle these disparities and improve targeted treatment. Animal models of hypertension have provided valuable insights into the sexual dimorphism of blood pressure mechanisms. The availability of genetic and non-genetic hypertensive strains allows the opportunity to study diverse environmental and genetic factors that affect blood pressure, therefore presenting a valuable tool for researchers. Sex differences are present before birth and throughout life, which presents a challenge for the study of disease development in humans, but these complexities can be resolved with the use of in vivo models that display similarities to human disease. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of the different available animal models of hypertension that present sexual dimorphisms and to discuss their relevance to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Olivera
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Delyth Graham
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.
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9
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Campbell N, Solise D, Deer E, LaMarca B. Sex Differences in Offspring of Preeclamptic Pregnancies. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 34:100688. [PMID: 37305157 PMCID: PMC10249590 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2023.100688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A poor uterine environment causes changes in fetal development that affect the health of offspring long-term. Although there are multiple pathways that contribute to the development of cardiovascular and neurological disease, low birth weight or fetal growth restriction (FGR) predisposes offspring to these diseases. There is a link between fetal exposure to adverse influences and hypertension later in life. Many epidemiological studies support the link between fetal life and the risk of disease later in life. Experimental models have sought to provide mechanistic proof of this link while simultaneously investigating potential therapeutics or treatment pathways. Preeclampsia (PE), one of several hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for both the mother and fetus. Studies have shown that PE is a state of chronic inflammation and there is an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and regulatory immune cells and mediators. There is no cure for PE beyond the delivery of the fetal-placental unit, and many PE pregnancies result in FGR and preterm birth. Epidemiological data demonstrate that the sex of the offspring is correlated with the degree of cardiovascular disease that develops with the age of the offspring yet few studies examine the effect of sex on the development of neurological disorders. Even fewer studies examine the effects of therapeutics on offspring of different genders following a PE pregnancy. Moreover, there remain significant gaps in knowledge concerning the role the immune system plays in FGR offspring developing hypertension or neurovascular disorders later in life. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to highlight current research on sex differences in the developmental programming of hypertension and neurological disorders following a PE pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Campbell
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of
Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Dylan Solise
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Evangeline Deer
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of
Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of
Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
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10
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Kim Y, Chang Y, Ryu S, Park S, Cho Y, Sohn W, Kang J, Wild SH, Byrne CD. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident young-onset hypertension: Effect modification by sex. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1608-1616. [PMID: 37357078 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hypertension are increasingly common among young adults, it is uncertain if NAFLD affects incidence of young-onset hypertension, and if the association is modified by sex. We investigated potential effect modification by sex on the association between NAFLD and incident hypertension in young adults (<40 years). METHOD AND RESULTS This cohort study comprised 85,789 women and 67,553 men aged <40 years without hypertension at baseline. Hepatic steatosis was assessed by liver ultrasound and classified as mild or moderate/severe. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure (BP) ≥130/80 mmHg; self-reported history of physician-diagnosed hypertension; or current use of BP-lowering medications. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for incident hypertension by NAFLD status (median follow-up 4.5 years). A total of 25,891 participants developed incident hypertension (incidence rates per 103 person-years: 15.6 for women and 63.5 for men). Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for incident hypertension comparing no NAFLD (reference) with mild or moderate/severe NAFLD were 1.68 (1.56-1.80) and 1.83 (1.60-2.09) for women and 1.21 (1.17-1.25) and 1.23 (1.17-1.30) for men, respectively. Stronger associations were consistently observed between NAFLD and incident hypertension in women, regardless of obesity/central obesity (all p-values for interaction by sex <0.001). CONCLUSIONS NAFLD is a potential risk factor for young-onset hypertension with a relatively greater impact in women and in those with more severe hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Kim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won Sohn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeonggyu Kang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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11
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Liu HY, Lee CH, Hsu CN, Tain YL. Maternal High-Fat Diet Controls Offspring Kidney Health and Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:2698. [PMID: 37375602 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A balanced diet during gestation is critical for fetal development, and excessive intake of saturated fats during gestation and lactation is related to an increased risk of offspring kidney disease. Emerging evidence indicates that a maternal high-fat diet influences kidney health and disease of the offspring via so-called renal programming. This review summarizes preclinical research documenting the connection between a maternal high-fat diet during gestation and lactation and offspring kidney disease, as well as the molecular mechanisms behind renal programming, and early-life interventions to offset adverse programming processes. Animal models indicate that offspring kidney health can be improved via perinatal polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation, gut microbiota changes, and modulation of nutrient-sensing signals. These findings reinforce the significance of a balanced maternal diet for the kidney health of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Yun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hao Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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12
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Perinatal Oxidative Stress and Kidney Health: Bridging the Gap between Animal Models and Clinical Reality. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010013. [PMID: 36670875 PMCID: PMC9855228 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress arises when the generation of reactive oxygen species or reactive nitrogen species overwhelms antioxidant systems. Developing kidneys are vulnerable to oxidative stress, resulting in adult kidney disease. Oxidative stress in fetuses and neonates can be evaluated by assessing various biomarkers. Using animal models, our knowledge of oxidative-stress-related renal programming, the molecular mechanisms underlying renal programming, and preventive interventions to avert kidney disease has grown enormously. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the impact of perinatal oxidative stress on renal programming, the implications of antioxidant strategies on the prevention of kidney disease, and the gap between animal models and clinical reality.
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Amruta N, Kandikattu HK, Intapad S. Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022; 24:693-708. [PMID: 36322299 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-022-01228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We highlight important new findings on cardiovascular dysfunction in intrauterine growth restriction. RECENT FINDINGS Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a multifactorial condition which negatively impacts neonatal growth during pregnancy and is associated with health problems during the lifespan. It affects 5-15% of all pregnancies in the USA and Europe with varying percentages in developing countries. Epidemiological studies have reported that IUGR is associated with the pathogenesis of hypertension, activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), disruption in placental-mTORC and TGFβ signaling cascades, and endothelial dysfunction in IUGR fetuses, children, adolescents, and adults resulting in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Experimental studies are needed to investigate therapeutic measures to treat increased blood pressure (BP) and long-term CVD problems in people affected by IUGR. We outline the mechanisms mediating fetal programming of hypertension in developing CVD. We have reviewed findings from different experimental models focusing on recent studies that demonstrate CVD in IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanappa Amruta
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8683, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2699, USA
| | - Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Suttira Intapad
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8683, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2699, USA.
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Ashraf UM, Hall DL, Campbell N, Waller JP, Rawls AZ, Solise D, Cockrell K, Bidwell GL, Romero DG, Ojeda NB, LaMarca B, Alexander BT. Inhibition of the AT 1R agonistic autoantibody in a rat model of preeclampsia improves fetal growth in late gestation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R670-R681. [PMID: 36121142 PMCID: PMC9602704 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00122.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Placenta ischemia, the initiating event in preeclampsia (PE), is associated with fetal growth restriction. Inhibition of the agonistic autoantibody against the angiotensin type 1 receptor AT1-AA, using an epitope-binding inhibitory peptide ('n7AAc') attenuates increased blood pressure at gestational day (G)19 in the clinically relevant reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) model of PE. Thus we tested the hypothesis that maternal administration of 'n7AAc' does not transfer to the fetus, improves uterine blood flow and fetal growth, and attenuates elevated placental expression of miRNAs implicated in PE and FGR. Sham or RUPP surgery was performed at G14 with vehicle or 'n7AAc' (144 µg/day) administered via an osmotic pump from G14 to G20. Maternal plasma levels of the peptide on G20 were 16.28 ± 4.4 nM, and fetal plasma levels were significantly lower at 1.15 ± 1.7 nM (P = 0.0007). The uterine artery resistance index was significantly elevated in RUPP (P < 0.0001) but was not increased in 'n7AAc'-RUPP or 'n7AAc'-Sham versus Sham. A significant reduction in fetal weight at G20 in RUPP (P = 0.003) was not observed in 'n7AAc'-RUPP. Yet, percent survival was reduced in RUPP (P = 0.0007) and 'n7AAc'-RUPP (P < 0.0002). Correlation analysis indicated the reduction in percent survival during gestation was specific to the RUPP (r = 0.5342, P = 0.043) and independent of 'n7AAc'. Placental miR-155 (P = 0.0091) and miR-181a (P = 0.0384) expression was upregulated in RUPP at G20 but was not elevated in 'n7AAc'-RUPP. Collectively, our results suggest that maternal administration of 'n7AAc' does not alter fetal growth in the RUPP implicating its potential as a therapeutic for the treatment of PE.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The seven amino acid inhibitory peptide to the AT1-AA ('n7AAc') has limited transfer to the fetus at gestational day 20, improves uterine blood flow and fetal growth in the reduced uterine perfusion pressure model of preeclampsia (PE), and does not impair fetal survival during gestation in sham-operated or placental ischemic rats. Collectively, these findings suggest that maternal administration of 'n7AAc' as an effective strategy for the treatment of PE is associated with improved outcomes in the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman M Ashraf
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | | | - Nathan Campbell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jamarius P Waller
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Adam Z Rawls
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Dylan Solise
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Kathy Cockrell
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Gene L Bidwell
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Damian G Romero
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Norma B Ojeda
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Barbara T Alexander
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Metabolic Syndrome Programming and Reprogramming: Mechanistic Aspects of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2108. [PMID: 36358480 PMCID: PMC9686950 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a worldwide public health issue characterized by a set of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. MetS can originate in early life by developmental programming. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress, which is characterized as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and antioxidant systems, plays a decisive role in MetS programming. Results from human and animal studies indicate that maternal-derived insults induce MetS later in life, accompanied by oxidative stress programming of various organ systems. On the contrary, perinatal use of antioxidants can offset oxidative stress and thereby prevent MetS traits in adult offspring. This review provides an overview of current knowledge about the core mechanisms behind MetS programming, with particular focus on the occurrence of oxidative-stress-related pathogenesis as well as the use of potential oxidative-stress-targeted interventions as a reprogramming strategy to avert MetS of developmental origins. Future clinical studies should provide important proof of concept for the effectiveness of these reprogramming interventions to prevent a MetS epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Oxidative Stress-Induced Hypertension of Developmental Origins: Preventive Aspects of Antioxidant Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:511. [PMID: 35326161 PMCID: PMC8944751 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension remains the leading cause of disease burden worldwide. Hypertension can originate in the early stages of life. A growing body of evidence suggests that oxidative stress, which is characterized as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)/nitric oxide (NO) disequilibrium, has a pivotal role in the hypertension of developmental origins. Results from animal studies support the idea that early-life oxidative stress causes developmental programming in prime blood pressure (BP)-controlled organs such as the brain, kidneys, heart, and blood vessels, leading to hypertension in adult offspring. Conversely, perinatal use of antioxidants can counteract oxidative stress and therefore lower BP. This review discusses the interaction between oxidative stress and developmental programming in hypertension. It will also discuss evidence from animal models, how oxidative stress connects with other core mechanisms, and the potential of antioxidant therapy as a novel preventive strategy to prevent the hypertension of developmental origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Yu T, Dohl J, Park YM, Brown LL, Costello RB, Chen Y, Deuster PA. Protective effects of dietary curcumin and astaxanthin against heat-induced ROS production and skeletal muscle injury in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Life Sci 2022; 288:120160. [PMID: 34801514 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to: 1) investigate sex differences in heat-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production, and skeletal muscle injury in mice; 2) evaluate whether curcumin and astaxanthin, alone or together, would prevent those heat-induced changes. MAIN METHODS Male and female C57BL/6J mice were treated with curcumin and astaxanthin for 10 days, then exposed to 39.5 °C heat for up to 3 h. Heat-induced hyperthermia, changes in mitochondrial morphology and function, and oxidative damage to skeletal muscle were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Although female mice had a slightly higher basal core body temperature (Tc) than male mice, peak Tc during heat exposure was significantly lower in females than in males. Heat increased ROS levels in skeletal muscle in both sexes; interestingly, the increases in ROS were greater in females than in males. Despite the above-mentioned differences, heat induced similar levels of mitochondrial fragmentation and membrane potential depolarization, caspase 3/7 activation, and injury in male and female skeletal muscle. Individual treatment of curcumin or astaxanthin did not affect basal and peak Tc but prevented heat-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS increases, and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, a low-dose combination of curcumin and astaxanthin, which individually showed no effect, reduced the heat-induced oxidative damage to skeletal muscle. SIGNIFICANCE Both male and female mice can develop mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle when exposed to heat stress. High doses of either curcumin or astaxanthin limit heat-induced skeletal muscle injury, but a low-dose combination of these ingredients may increase their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzheng Yu
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jacob Dohl
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yu Min Park
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - LaVerne L Brown
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca B Costello
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yifan Chen
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patricia A Deuster
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
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18
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Zhang H, Xu J, Peng C, Qiu J, Wang Z, Regenstein JM, Yang X, Zheng Z. Anti-fatigue liquid formulations made from fruits. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Selivanova EK, Shvetsova AA, Shilova LD, Tarasova OS, Gaynullina DK. Intrauterine growth restriction weakens anticontractile influence of NO in coronary arteries of adult rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14475. [PMID: 34262070 PMCID: PMC8280217 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93491-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is one of the most common pathologies of pregnancy. The cardiovascular consequences of IUGR do not disappear in adulthood and can manifest themselves in pathological alterations of vasomotor control. The hypothesis was tested that IUGR weakens anticontractile influence of NO and augments procontractile influence of Rho-kinase in arteries of adult offspring. To model IUGR in the rat, dams were 50% food restricted starting from the gestational day 11 till delivery. Mesenteric and coronary arteries of male offspring were studied at the age of 3 months using wire myography, qPCR, and Western blotting. Contractile responses of mesenteric arteries to α1-adrenoceptor agonist methoxamine as well as influences of NO and Rho-kinase did not differ between control and IUGR rats. However, coronary arteries of IUGR rats demonstrated elevated contraction to thromboxane A2 receptor agonist U46619 due to weakened anticontractile influence of NO and enhanced role of Rho-kinase in the endothelium. This was accompanied by reduced abundance of SODI protein and elevated content of RhoA protein in coronary arteries of IUGR rats. IUGR considerably changes the regulation of coronary vascular tone in adulthood and, therefore, can serve as a risk factor for the development of cardiac disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina K Selivanova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia A Shvetsova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyubov D Shilova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga S Tarasova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dina K Gaynullina
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
- Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
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20
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Animal Models for DOHaD Research: Focus on Hypertension of Developmental Origins. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060623. [PMID: 34072634 PMCID: PMC8227380 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that fetal programming through environmental exposure during a critical window of early life leads to long-term detrimental outcomes, by so-called developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). Hypertension can originate in early life. Animal models are essential for providing convincing evidence of a causal relationship between diverse early-life insults and the developmental programming of hypertension in later life. These insults include nutritional imbalances, maternal illnesses, exposure to environmental chemicals, and medication use. In addition to reviewing the various insults that contribute to hypertension of developmental origins, this review focuses on the benefits of animal models in addressing the underlying mechanisms by which early-life interventions can reprogram disease processes and prevent the development of hypertension. Our understanding of hypertension of developmental origins has been enhanced by each of these animal models, narrowing the knowledge gap between animal models and future clinical translation.
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21
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Lamothe J, Khurana S, Tharmalingam S, Williamson C, Byrne CJ, Lees SJ, Khaper N, Kumar A, Tai T. Oxidative Stress Mediates the Fetal Programming of Hypertension by Glucocorticoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040531. [PMID: 33805403 PMCID: PMC8066984 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of cardiovascular fetal programming has emphasized the importance of the uterine environment on postnatal cardiovascular health. Studies have linked increased fetal glucocorticoid exposure, either from exogenous sources (such as dexamethasone (Dex) injections), or from maternal stress, to the development of adult cardiovascular pathologies. Although the mechanisms are not fully understood, alterations in gene expression driven by altered oxidative stress and epigenetic pathways are implicated in glucocorticoid-mediated cardiovascular programming. Antioxidants, such as the naturally occurring polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), or the superoxide dismutase (SOD) 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (TEMPOL), have shown promise in the prevention of cardiovascular dysfunction and programming. This study investigated maternal antioxidant administration with EGCG or TEMPOL and their ability to attenuate the fetal programming of hypertension via Dex injections in WKY rats. Results from this study indicate that, while Dex-programming increased blood pressure in male and female adult offspring, administration of EGCG or TEMPOL via maternal drinking water attenuated Dex-programmed increases in blood pressure, as well as changes in adrenal mRNA and protein levels of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH), and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), in a sex-specific manner. Furthermore, programmed male offspring displayed reduced antioxidant glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) expression, increased superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase (CAT) expression, and increased pro-oxidant NADPH oxidase activator 1 (Noxa1) expression in the adrenal glands. In addition, prenatal Dex exposure alters expression of epigenetic regulators histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1, 5, 6, 7, 11, in male and HDAC7 in female offspring. These results suggest that glucocorticoids may mediate the fetal programming of hypertension via alteration of epigenetic machinery and oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Lamothe
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.L.); (S.T.); (N.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Sandhya Khurana
- Medical Science Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
| | - Sujeenthar Tharmalingam
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.L.); (S.T.); (N.K.); (A.K.)
- Medical Science Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (C.W.); (C.J.B.)
| | - Chad Williamson
- Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (C.W.); (C.J.B.)
| | - Collin J. Byrne
- Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (C.W.); (C.J.B.)
| | - Simon J. Lees
- Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Medical Science Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Neelam Khaper
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.L.); (S.T.); (N.K.); (A.K.)
- Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Medical Science Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Aseem Kumar
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.L.); (S.T.); (N.K.); (A.K.)
- Medical Science Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (C.W.); (C.J.B.)
| | - T.C. Tai
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.L.); (S.T.); (N.K.); (A.K.)
- Medical Science Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (C.W.); (C.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Coats LE, Bakrania BA, Bamrick-Fernandez DR, Ariatti AM, Rawls AZ, Ojeda NB, Alexander BT. Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulation in late gestation does not mitigate asymmetric intrauterine growth restriction or cardiovascular risk induced by placental ischemia in the rat. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1923-H1934. [PMID: 33739156 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00033.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) improves fetal growth at gestational day 20 in the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of placental ischemia suggesting a role for sGC in the etiology of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This study tested the hypothesis that stimulation of sGC until birth attenuates asymmetric IUGR mitigating increased cardiovascular risk in offspring. Sham or RUPP surgery was performed at gestational day 14 (G14); vehicle or the sGC stimulator Riociguat (10 mg/kg/day sc) was administered G14 until birth. Birth weight was reduced in offspring from RUPP [intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR)], sGC RUPP (sGC IUGR), and sGC Sham (sGC Control) compared with Sham (Control). Crown circumference was maintained, but abdominal circumference was reduced in IUGR and sGC IUGR compared with Control indicative of asymmetrical growth. Gestational length was prolonged in sGC RUPP, and survival at birth was reduced in sGC IUGR. Probability of survival to postnatal day 2 was also significantly reduced in IUGR and sGC IUGR versus Control and in sGC IUGR versus IUGR. At 4 mo of age, blood pressure was increased in male IUGR and sGC IUGR but not male sGC Control born with symmetrical IUGR. Global longitudinal strain was increased and stroke volume was decreased in male IUGR and sGC IUGR compared with Control. Thus late gestational stimulation of sGC does not mitigate asymmetric IUGR or increased cardiovascular risk in male sGC IUGR. Furthermore, late gestational stimulation of sGC is associated with symmetrical growth restriction in sGC Control implicating contraindications in normal pregnancy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The importance of the soluble guanylate cyclase-cGMP pathway in a rat model of placental ischemia differs during critical windows of development, implicating other factors may be critical mediators of impaired fetal growth in the final stages of gestation. Moreover, increased blood pressure at 4 mo of age in male intrauterine growth restriction offspring is associated with impaired cardiac function including an increase in global longitudinal strain in conjunction with a decrease in stroke volume, ejection fraction, and cardiac output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Coats
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Bhavisha A Bakrania
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research and Perinatal Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Allison M Ariatti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Adam Z Rawls
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Norma B Ojeda
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Barbara T Alexander
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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23
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Effect of alcohol consumption on kidney function: population-based cohort study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2381. [PMID: 33504820 PMCID: PMC7840672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81777-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between alcohol consumption and kidney function is intriguing, but study results are mixed and controversial. We examined the association of alcohol consumption with the overall change in kidney function over 12 years. We analyzed data from a population-based cohort that was part of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Primary exposure was total alcohol intake (non-drinkers, 0 to < 10 g/day, 10 to < 30 g/day, and ≥ 30 g/day). Main outcome was decline in kidney function over 12 years. Our study included 5729 participants (mean [SD] age, 51 [8] years; 46% males). Compared to non-drinkers, higher alcohol intake groups had lesser reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 12 years; fully adjusted beta coefficients and 95% confidence intervals were 0.45 (− 0.27, 1.18), 1.87 (0.88, 2.87), and 3.08 (1.93, 4.24) for participants with alcohol intake of < 10, 10 to < 30, and ≥ 30 g/day, respectively. However, this association was attenuated among women, smoker, and age ≥ 60 year. Compared with not drinking, more frequent alcohol consumption and binge drinking were associated with lesser reduction in eGFR. Our findings suggest that alcohol consumption may have a favorable effect on kidney function among the general population.
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24
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Oxidative Stress and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Rat Offspring with Intrauterine Growth Restriction Induced by Reduced Uterine Perfusion. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11010078. [PMID: 33435577 PMCID: PMC7826770 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is worldwide associated with delayed neurodevelopment. The exact mechanism involved in delayed neurodevelopment associated with IUGR is still unclear. Reduced uterine perfusion (RUP) is among the main causes of placental insufficiency leading to IUGR, which is associated with increases in oxidative stress. This study investigated whether oxidative stress is associated with delayed neurodevelopment in IUGR rat pups. Pregnant rats were exposed to RUP surgery on gestational day 14 to generate IUGR rat offspring. We evaluated offspring’s morphometric at birth, and neurodevelopment on postnatal day 21 (PD21) as well as markers of oxidative stress in plasma and brain. Offspring from dams exposed to RUP showed significant (p < 0.05) lower birth weight compared to controls, indicating IUGR. Motor and cognitive deficits, and levels of oxidative stress markers, were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in IUGR offspring compared to controls. IUGR offspring showed significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations between brain lipid peroxidation and neurocognitive tests (open field and novel object recognition) in comparison with controls. Our findings suggest that neurodevelopmental delay observed in IUGR rat offspring is associated with increased levels of oxidative stress markers.
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Beckers KF, Gomes VCL, Crissman KJR, Adams DM, Liu CC, Del Piero F, Butler SD, Sones JL. Cardiometabolic Phenotypic Differences in Male Offspring Born to Obese Preeclamptic-Like BPH/5 Mice. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:636143. [PMID: 34631607 PMCID: PMC8493471 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.636143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy occurring in approximately 10% of women worldwide. While it is life threatening to both the mother and baby, the only effective treatment is delivery of the placenta and fetus, which is often preterm. Maternal obesity is a risk factor for PE, and the effects of both on offspring are long standing with increased incidence of cardiometabolic disease in adulthood. Obese BPH/5 mice spontaneously exhibit excessive gestational weight gain and late-gestational hypertension, similar to women with PE, along with fetal growth restriction and accelerated compensatory growth in female offspring. We hypothesized that BPH/5 male offspring will demonstrate cardiovascular and metabolic phenotypes similar to BPH/5 females. As previously described, BPH/5 females born to ad libitum-fed dams are overweight with hyperphagia and increased subcutaneous, peri-renal, and peri-gonadal white adipose tissue (WAT) and cardiomegaly compared to age-matched adult female controls. In this study, BPH/5 adult male mice have similar body weights and food intake compared to age-matched control mice but have increased inflammatory subcutaneous and peri-renal WAT and signs of cardiovascular disease: left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension. Therefore, adult male BPH/5 do not completely phenocopy the cardiometabolic profile of female BPH/5 mice. Future investigations are necessary to understand the differences observed in BPH/5 male and female mice as they age. In conclusion, the impact of fetal programming due to PE has a transgenerational effect on both male and female offspring in the BPH/5 mouse model. The maternal obesogenic environment may play a role in PE pregnancy outcomes, including offspring health as they age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalie F Beckers
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Viviane C L Gomes
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Kassandra J Raven Crissman
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Daniella M Adams
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Chin-Chi Liu
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Fabio Del Piero
- Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Scott D Butler
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Jenny L Sones
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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26
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Hsu CN, Tain YL. Developmental Origins of Kidney Disease: Why Oxidative Stress Matters? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:E33. [PMID: 33396856 PMCID: PMC7823649 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The "developmental origins of health and disease" theory indicates that many adult-onset diseases can originate in the earliest stages of life. The developing kidney has emerged as being particularly vulnerable to adverse in utero conditions leading to morphological and functional changes, namely renal programming. Emerging evidence indicates oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and antioxidant systems, plays a pathogenetic role in the developmental programming of kidney disease. Conversely, perinatal use of antioxidants has been implemented to reverse programming processes and prevent adult-onset diseases. We have termed this reprogramming. The focus of this review is twofold: (1) To summarize the current knowledge on oxidative stress implicated in renal programming and kidney disease of developmental origins; and (2) to provide an overview of reprogramming effects of perinatal antioxidant therapy on renal programming and how this may prevent adult-onset kidney disease. Although early-life oxidative stress is implicated in mediating renal programming and adverse offspring renal outcomes, and animal models provide promising results to allow perinatal antioxidants applied as potential reprogramming interventions, it is still awaiting clinical translation. This presents exciting new challenges and areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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Bakrania BA, Spradley FT, Drummond HA, LaMarca B, Ryan MJ, Granger JP. Preeclampsia: Linking Placental Ischemia with Maternal Endothelial and Vascular Dysfunction. Compr Physiol 2020; 11:1315-1349. [PMID: 33295016 PMCID: PMC7959189 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive disorder, occurs in 3% to 8% of pregnancies in the United States and affects over 200,000 women and newborns per year. The United States has seen a 25% increase in the incidence of PE, largely owing to increases in risk factors, including obesity and cardiovascular disease. Although the etiology of PE is not clear, it is believed that impaired spiral artery remodeling of the placenta reduces perfusion, leading to placental ischemia. Subsequently, the ischemic placenta releases antiangiogenic and pro-inflammatory factors, such as cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and the angiotensin II type 1 receptor autoantibody (AT1-AA), among others, into the maternal circulation. These factors cause widespread endothelial activation, upregulation of the endothelin system, and vasoconstriction. In turn, these changes affect the function of multiple organ systems including the kidneys, brain, liver, and heart. Despite extensive research into the pathophysiology of PE, the only treatment option remains early delivery of the baby and importantly, the placenta. While premature delivery is effective in ameliorating immediate risk to the mother, mounting evidence suggests that PE increases risk of cardiovascular disease later in life for both mother and baby. Notably, these women are at increased risk of hypertension, heart disease, and stroke, while offspring are at risk of obesity, hypertension, and neurological disease, among other complications, later in life. This article aims to discuss the current understanding of the diagnosis and pathophysiology of PE, as well as associated organ damage, maternal and fetal outcomes, and potential therapeutic avenues. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1315-1349, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavisha A. Bakrania
- Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Frank T. Spradley
- Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Heather A. Drummond
- Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Michael J. Ryan
- Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Joey P. Granger
- Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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28
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do Nascimento LCP, Neto JPRC, de Andrade Braga V, Lagranha CJ, de Brito Alves JL. Maternal exposure to high-fat and high-cholesterol diet induces arterial hypertension and oxidative stress along the gut-kidney axis in rat offspring. Life Sci 2020; 261:118367. [PMID: 32882266 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Evaluate the effects of maternal high fat and high cholesterol (HFHC) diet consumption on blood pressure (BP), renal function and oxidative stress along the gut-kidney axis in male and female rat offspring. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pregnant rats were fed with a control (CTL) or HFHC diet during pregnancy and lactation. At 90 days, BP was assessed by tail-cuff plethysmography, and urinary and biochemical variables were measured. Biomarkers for oxidative stress, enzymatic antioxidant defense (activity of superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase-GST) and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense (thiols content) were evaluated in the colon and renal cortex. KEY FINDINGS Male and female offspring from dams fed with a HFHC diet presented increased BP when compared to their respective CTL group. Male offspring from dams fed with HFHC diet showed reduced GST activity and thiols content in the colon, reduced SOD activity in the renal cortex and decreased urinary creatinine excretion when compared to the CTL group. Regarding female offspring, catalase activity and thiols content were reduced in the colon when compared to CTL group. Although lipid peroxidation had been increased in the renal cortex of HFHC female offspring, the CAT and SOD enzymatic antioxidant acitivities (CAT and SOD) were increased in the renal cortex of female offspring when compared with male offspring; and the renal function was not impaired by maternal HFHC diet consumption. SIGNIFICANCE HFHC diet during pregnancy and lactation induces sex-specific oxidative stress along the gut-kidney axis in offspring, which might induce renal dysfunction and arterial hypertension in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valdir de Andrade Braga
- Department of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Claudia Jacques Lagranha
- Laboraroty of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
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Chen Z, Wang L, Ke J, Xiao D. Effects of Estrogen in Gender-dependent Fetal Programming of Adult Cardiovascular Dysfunction. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 17:147-152. [PMID: 29493455 DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180301142453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies and experimental studies have demonstrated that intrauterine adverse environment increases the risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in adulthood. However, whether an individual develops a cardiovascular dysfunctional phenotype may depend on genetic background, age, and sex. METHODS In this review, we summarize some of the recent experimental animal studies in the developmental programming of adult CVD with an emphasis on sex differences and the potential role of estrogen in mediating sexual dimorphism. RESULTS Few epidemiological studies report the effect of sex on the developmental programming of CVD. However, numerous experimental animal studies have shown a sex difference in fetal programming of adult cardiovascular dysfunction. Most of the animal studies indicate that male offspring develop cardiovascular dysfunction and CVD in adulthood, whereas adult females appear to be protected. Estrogen is one of the key factors that contributes to the sex difference of adult CVD. Estrogen/its Receptor (ER) may interact with the RAS system by changes of DNA methylation patterns at the target gene promoter, serve as an antioxidant to counteract the prenatal insults-induced heightened ROS, and function as an eNOS activator to increase vasodilation, resulting in the protection of female offspring from the development of hypertension and other CVDs. CONCLUSION These studies suggest that estrogen/ER may contribute to sex differences in cardiovascular response to an adverse intrauterine environment and play a significant role in modulating the cardiovascular response in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Chen
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, United States.,Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, United States
| | - Jun Ke
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, United States.,Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, United States
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30
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Soni H, Yakimkova T, Matthews AT, Amartey PK, Read RW, Buddington RK, Adebiyi A. Early onset of renal oxidative stress in small for gestational age newborn pigs. Redox Rep 2020; 24:10-16. [PMID: 30907266 PMCID: PMC6448771 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2019.1596429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress, a common feature in cardiovascular and renal disease is associated with the causes and consequences of fetal growth restriction. Hence, renal redox status is likely an early determinant of morbidity in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. In this study, we examined renal oxidative stress in naturally-farrowed SGA newborn pigs. METHODS We studied SGA newborn pigs with 52% less body weight and 59% higher brain/liver weight ratio compared with their appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) counterparts. RESULTS The kidneys of the SGA newborn pigs weighed 56% less than the AGA group. The glomerular cross-sectional area was also smaller in the SGA group. SGA newborn pigs exhibited increased renal lipid peroxidation, reduced kidney and urine total antioxidant capacity, and increased renal nitrotyrosine immunostaining. Whereas the protein expression level of NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 was unchanged, NOX4 expression was significantly higher in SGA kidneys. The level of serum potassium was lower, but serum sodium and creatinine were similar in SGA compared with AGA newborn pigs. The serum concentrations of C-reactive protein and NGAL, the biomarkers of inflammation and early acute kidney injury were significantly elevated in the SGA group. CONCLUSION Early induction of oxidative stress may contribute to the onset of kidney injury in growth-restricted infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Soni
- a Department of Physiology , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Taisiya Yakimkova
- b School of Health Studies , University of Memphis , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Anberitha T Matthews
- a Department of Physiology , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Paul K Amartey
- a Department of Physiology , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Robert W Read
- c Department of Biological Sciences , University of Memphis , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Randal K Buddington
- a Department of Physiology , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA.,b School of Health Studies , University of Memphis , Memphis , TN , USA.,d College of Nursing , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Adebowale Adebiyi
- a Department of Physiology , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
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31
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Gumusoglu SB, Chilukuri ASS, Santillan DA, Santillan MK, Stevens HE. Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Prenatal Preeclampsia Exposure. Trends Neurosci 2020; 43:253-268. [PMID: 32209456 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a dangerous hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with known links to negative child health outcomes. Here, we review epidemiological and basic neuroscience work from the past several decades linking prenatal preeclampsia to altered neurodevelopment. This work demonstrates increased rates of neuropsychiatric disorders [e.g., increased autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)] in children of preeclamptic pregnancies, as well as increased rates of cognitive impairments [e.g., decreased intelligence quotient (IQ), academic performance] and neurological disease (e.g., stroke and epilepsy). We also review findings from multiple animal models of preeclampsia. Manipulation of key clinical preeclampsia processes in these models (e.g., placental hypoxia, immune dysfunction, angiogenesis, oxidative stress) causes various disruptions in offspring, including ones in white matter/glia, glucocorticoid receptors, neuroimmune outcomes, cerebrovascular structure, and cognition/behavior. This animal work implicates potentially high-yield targets that may be leveraged in the future for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena B Gumusoglu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Akanksha S S Chilukuri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Donna A Santillan
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mark K Santillan
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hanna E Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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32
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Kooiman J, Terstappen F, van Wagensveld L, Franx A, Wever KE, Roseboom TJ, Joles JA, Gremmels H, Lely AT. Conflicting Effects of Fetal Growth Restriction on Blood Pressure Between Human and Rat Offspring: A Meta-Analysis. Hypertension 2020; 75:806-818. [PMID: 31983304 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Low birth weight is associated with hypertension. Low birth weight can result from fetal growth restriction (FGR) or prematurity. FGR is postulated to impact blood pressure (BP) by developmental programming. This systematic review and meta-analysis studies BP in human and animal offspring following FGR. Pubmed and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting on BP after placental insufficiency induced FGR compared with normal growth controls. Primary outcome was mean absolute BP difference (ΔBP mm Hg [95% CI]). Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were executed on species, sex, age, pregnancy duration, and stress during BP readings. Due to large interspecies heterogeneity, analyses were performed separately for human (n=41) and animal (n=31) studies, the latter restricted to rats (n=27). Human studies showed a ΔBP between FGR and controls of -0.6 mm Hg ([95% CI, -1.7 to 0.6]; I2=91%). Mean ΔBP was -2.6 mm Hg (95% CI, -5.7 to 0.4) in women versus -0.5 mm Hg (95% CI, -3.7 to 2.7) in men. Subgroup analyses did not indicate age, gestational age, and stress during measurements as sources of heterogeneity. In rats, mean BP was 12.0 mm Hg ([95% CI, 8.8-15.2]; I2=81%) higher in FGR offspring. This difference was more pronounced in FGR males (13.6 mm Hg [95% CI, 10.3-17.0] versus 9.1 mm Hg [95% CI, 5.3-12.8]). Subgroup analyses on age showed no statistical interaction. BP readings under restrained conditions resulted in larger BP differences between FGR and control rats (15.3 mm Hg [95% CI, 11.6-18.9] versus 5.7 mm Hg [95% CI, 1.1-10.3]). Rat studies confirm the relation between FGR and offspring BP, while observational studies in humans do not show such differences. This may be due to the observational nature of human studies, methodological limitations, or an absence of this phenomenon in humans. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: CRD42018091819.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Kooiman
- From the Department of Obstetrics (J.K., F.T., L.v.W., A.F., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Fieke Terstappen
- From the Department of Obstetrics (J.K., F.T., L.v.W., A.F., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Developmental Origin of Disease (F.T.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lilian van Wagensveld
- From the Department of Obstetrics (J.K., F.T., L.v.W., A.F., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Arie Franx
- From the Department of Obstetrics (J.K., F.T., L.v.W., A.F., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kimberley E Wever
- Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (K.E.W.)
| | - Tessa J Roseboom
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (T.J.R.)
| | - Jaap A Joles
- Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and Department of Nephrology and Hypertension (J.A.J., H.G.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Gremmels
- Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and Department of Nephrology and Hypertension (J.A.J., H.G.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A Titia Lely
- From the Department of Obstetrics (J.K., F.T., L.v.W., A.F., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
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33
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Reckelhoff JF, Romero DG, Yanes Cardozo LL. Sex, Oxidative Stress, and Hypertension: Insights From Animal Models. Physiology (Bethesda) 2019; 34:178-188. [PMID: 30968750 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00035.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the mechanisms responsible for blood pressure (BP) regulation is thought to be oxidative stress. In this review, we highlight preclinical studies that strongly support a role for oxidative stress in development and maintenance of hypertension in male animals, based on depressor responses to antioxidants, particularly tempol and apocynin. In females, oxidative stress seems to be important in the initial development of hypertension. However, whether maintenance of hypertension in females is mediated by oxidative stress is not clear. In clinical studies, pharmacological intervention to reduce BP with antioxidants has conflicting results, mostly negative. This review will discuss the uncertainties regarding blood pressure control and oxidative stress and potential reasons for these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane F Reckelhoff
- Departments of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Damian G Romero
- Departments of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Licy L Yanes Cardozo
- Departments of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Medicine, Endocrinology Division, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
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Terstappen F, Spradley FT, Bakrania BA, Clarke SM, Joles JA, Paauw ND, Garrett MR, Lely AT, Sasser JM. Prenatal Sildenafil Therapy Improves Cardiovascular Function in Fetal Growth Restricted Offspring of Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats. Hypertension 2019; 73:1120-1127. [PMID: 30827146 PMCID: PMC6458081 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular and renal disorders in later life. Prenatal sildenafil improves birth weight in FGR animal models. Whether sildenafil treatment protects against long-term cardiovascular and renal disease in these offspring is unknown. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that prenatal sildenafil ameliorates cardiovascular and renal function in FGR offspring of Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Sildenafil citrate (60 mg/kg per day) or control gel diet (containing 0.3% salt) was administered from gestational day ten until birth. In male and female offspring, the mean arterial pressure was measured by telemetry in 1 subset from week 5 until week twenty. Echocardiographic parameters, glomerular filtration rate, and fractional electrolyte excretion were determined in another subset at week 9. Aortic and mesenteric artery rings were prepared to assess endothelial-dependent (acetylcholine) and -independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasorelaxation (week 10). The rise in mean arterial pressure per week was attenuated in treated versus untreated male offspring. Mesenteric arteries showed an increased endothelium-dependent relaxation and improved endothelium-independent relaxation in treated versus control male offspring. No differences in aortic relaxation, echocardiographic parameters or renal function were observed between groups. Prenatal sildenafil treatment subtly improves cardiovascular but not renal function in the offspring of this FGR rat model. Translationally, in utero treatment could be beneficial for cardiovascular programming in a sex-specific manner; however, caution is warranted since recent human trials have been halted because of potentially deleterious neonatal side effects when treating pregnancies complicated with severe FGR with sildenafil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fieke Terstappen
- From the Department of Obstetrics (F.T., S.M.C., N.D.P., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immunology and Developmental Origin of Disease (F.T.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frank T Spradley
- Department of Surgery (F.T.S.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Bhavisha A Bakrania
- Department of Physiology (B.A.B.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Sinéad M Clarke
- From the Department of Obstetrics (F.T., S.M.C., N.D.P., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Joles
- Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Birth Center and Department of Nephrology and Hypertension (J.A.J.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nina D Paauw
- From the Department of Obstetrics (F.T., S.M.C., N.D.P., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michael R Garrett
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.R.G., J.M.S.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - A Titia Lely
- From the Department of Obstetrics (F.T., S.M.C., N.D.P., A.T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer M Sasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.R.G., J.M.S.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
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Christie MJ, Romano T, Murphy RM, Posterino GS. The effect of intrauterine growth restriction on Ca 2+ -activated force and contractile protein expression in the mesenteric artery of adult (6-month-old) male and female Wistar-Kyoto rats. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13954. [PMID: 30592188 PMCID: PMC6308111 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is known to alter vascular smooth muscle reactivity, but it is currently unknown whether these changes are driven by downstream events that lead to force development, specifically, Ca2+ -regulated activation of the contractile apparatus or a shift in contractile protein content. This study investigated the effects of IUGR on Ca2+ -activated force production, contractile protein expression, and a potential phenotypic switch in the resistance mesenteric artery of both male and female Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats following two different growth restriction models. Pregnant female WKY rats were randomly assigned to either a control (C; N = 9) or food restriction diet (FR; 40% of control; N = 11) at gestational day-15 or underwent a bilateral uterine vessel ligation surgery restriction (SR; N = 10) or a sham surgery control model (SC; N = 12) on day-18 of gestation. At 6-months of age, vascular responsiveness of intact mesenteric arteries was studied, before chemically permeabilization using 50 μmol/L β-escin to investigate Ca2+ -activated force. Peak responsiveness to a K+ -induced depolarization was decreased (P ≤ 0.05) due to a reduction in maximum Ca2+ -activated force (P ≤ 0.05) in both male growth restricted experimental groups. Vascular responsiveness was unchanged between female experimental groups. Segments of mesenteric artery were analyzed using Western blotting revealed IUGR reduced the relative abundance of important receptor and contractile proteins in male growth restricted rats (P ≤ 0.05), suggesting a potential phenotypic switch, whilst no changes were observed in females. Results from this study suggest that IUGR alters the mesenteric artery reactivity due to a decrease in maximum Ca2+ -activated force, and likely contributed to by a reduction in contractile protein and receptor/channel content in 6-month-old male rats, while female WKY rats appear to be protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Christie
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tania Romano
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Robyn M. Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsLa Trobe Institute for Molecular SciencesLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Giuseppe S. Posterino
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Shen L, Gan M, Zhang S, Ma J, Tang G, Jiang Y, Li M, Wang J, Li X, Che L, Zhu L. Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Adult Metabolic Syndrome With Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Pig Models. Front Genet 2018; 9:291. [PMID: 30158951 PMCID: PMC6103486 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data have indicated that intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is a risk factor for the adult metabolic syndrome in pigs. However, the causative genetic mechanism leading to the phenotype in adulthood has not been well characterized. In the present study, both normal and IUGR adult pigs were used as models to survey the differences in global gene expression in livers through transcriptome sequencing. The transcriptome libraries generated 104.54 gb of data. In normal and IUGR pigs, 16,948 and 17,078 genes were expressed, respectively. A total of 1,322 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Enrichment analysis of the DEGs revealed that the top overrepresented gene ontology (GO) terms and pathways were related to oxidoreductase activity, ATPase activity, amino catabolic process, glucose metabolism, and insulin signaling pathway. The increased gluconeogenesis (GNG) and decreased glycogen synthesis in the liver contributed to the glucose intolerance observed in IUGR. The reduced expression of insulin signaling genes (such as PI3K and AKT) indicated an elevated risk of diabetes in adulthood. Together, these findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of adult IUGR pigs and valuable information for future studies of therapeutic intervention in IUGR metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyuan Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Mailin Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Costantini D. Meta-analysis reveals that reproductive strategies are associated with sexual differences in oxidative balance across vertebrates. Curr Zool 2018; 64:1-11. [PMID: 29492033 PMCID: PMC5809033 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zox002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key physiological mechanism underlying life-history tradeoffs. Here, I use meta-analytic techniques to test whether sexual differences in oxidative balance are common in vertebrates and to identify which factors are associated with such differences. The dataset included 732 effect size estimates from 100 articles (82 species). Larger unsigned effect size (meaning larger sexual differences in a given marker) occurred in: reptiles and fish; those species that do not provide parental care; and oviparous species. Estimates of signed effect size (positive values meaning higher oxidative stress in males) indicated that females were less resistant to oxidative stress than males in: reptiles while males and females were similar in fish, birds, and mammals; those species that do not provide parental care; and oviparous species. There was no evidence for a significant sexual differentiation in oxidative balance in fish, birds, and mammals. Effect size was not associated with: the number of offspring; whether the experimental animals were reproducing or not; biomarker (oxidative damage, non-enzymatic, or enzymatic antioxidant), the species body mass; the strain (wild vs. domestic); or the study environment (wild vs. captivity). Oxidative stress tended to be higher in females than males across most of the tissues analyzed. Levels of residual heterogeneity were high in all models tested. The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that diversification of reproductive strategies might be associated with sexual differences in oxidative balance. This explorative meta-analysis offers a starting platform for future research to investigate the relationship between sex and oxidative balance further.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Costantini
- UMR 7221, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 7 rue Cuvier 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, Berlin 10315, Germany
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
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Logue OC, Mahdi F, Chapman H, George EM, Bidwell GL. A Maternally Sequestered, Biopolymer-Stabilized Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Chimera for Treatment of Preeclampsia. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e007216. [PMID: 29629873 PMCID: PMC5779036 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a hypertensive syndrome that complicates 3% to 5% of pregnancies in the United States. Preeclampsia originates from an improperly vascularized and ischemic placenta that releases factors that drive systemic pathophysiology. One of these factors, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, is believed to sequester vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), leading to systemic endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. With the goal of targeting soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 while simultaneously preventing fetal exposure to VEGF, we fused VEGF to elastin-like polypeptide, a biopolymer carrier that does not cross the placental barrier (ELP-VEGF). METHODS AND RESULTS ELP-VEGF restored in vitro endothelial cell tube formation in the presence of plasma from placental ischemic rats. Long-term administered ELP-VEGF in pregnant rats accumulated in maternal kidneys, aorta, liver, and placenta, but the protein was undetectable in the pups when administered at therapeutic doses in dams. Long-term administration of ELP-VEGF in a placental ischemia rat model achieved dose-dependent attenuation of hypertension, with blood pressure equal to sham controls at a dose of 5 mg/kg per day. ELP-VEGF infusion increased total plasma soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 levels but dramatically reduced free plasma soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and induced urinary excretion of nitrate/nitrite, indicating enhanced renal nitric oxide signaling. ELP-VEGF at up to 5 mg/kg per day had no deleterious effect on maternal or fetal body weight. However, dose-dependent adverse events were observed, including ascites production and neovascular tissue encapsulation around the minipump. CONCLUSIONS ELP-VEGF has the potential to treat the preeclampsia maternal syndrome, but careful dosing and optimization of the delivery route are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar C Logue
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Heather Chapman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Eric M George
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Gene L Bidwell
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
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The Risk Factors of High Blood Pressure among Young Adults in the Tujia-Nationality Settlement of China. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8315603. [PMID: 28932747 PMCID: PMC5592392 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8315603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Demographics questionnaires, and fitness tests were utilized to identify the risk factors of hypertension among younger adults in the years 2005, 2010, and 2014 in China's southwest province of Hubei. The results demonstrated that the prevalence of hypertension was higher between 2011 and 2014 among the young people in this area. The main risk factors of developing hypertension were found to be sex (as man), individuals over 40 years old, blue collar employees who worked in rural areas, overweight/obesity, and those with the low CRF.
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de Sá FG, de Queiroz DB, Ramos-Alves FE, Santos-Rocha J, da Silva OA, Moreira HS, Leal GA, da Rocha MA, Duarte GP, Xavier FE. Hyperglycaemia in pregnant rats causes sex-related vascular dysfunction in adult offspring: role of cyclooxygenase-2. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:1019-1036. [PMID: 28556994 DOI: 10.1113/ep086132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Hyperglycaemia during pregnancy induces vascular dysfunction and hypertension in male offspring. Given that female offspring from other fetal programming models are protected from the effects of fetal insult, the present study investigated whether there are sex differences in blood pressure and vascular function in hyperglycaemia-programmed offspring. What is the main finding and its importance? We demonstrated that hyperglycaemia in pregnant rats induced vascular dysfunction and hypertension only in male offspring. We found sex differences in oxidative stress and cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostanoid production that might underlie the vascular dysfunction. These differences, particularly in resistance arteries, may in part explain the absence of hypertension in female offspring born to hyperglycaemic dams. Exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia induces hypertension and vascular dysfunction in adult male offspring. Given that female offspring from several fetal programming models are protected from the effects of fetal insult, in this study we analysed possible differences relative to sex in blood pressure and vascular function in hyperglycaemia-programmed offspring. Hyperglycaemia was induced on day 7 of gestation (streptozotocin, 50 mg kg-1 ). Blood pressure, acetylcholine and phenylephrine or noradrenaline responses were analysed in the aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries of 3-, 6- and 12-month-old male and female offspring. Thromboxane A2 release was analysed with commercial kits and superoxide anion (O2- ) production by dihydroethidium-emitted fluorescence. Male but not female offspring of hyperglycaemic dams (O-DR) had higher blood pressure than control animals (O-CR). Contraction in response to phenylephrine increased and relaxation in response to acetylcholine decreased only in the aorta from 12-month-old male O-DR and not in age-matched O-CR. Contractile and vasodilator responses were preserved in both the aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries from female O-DR of all ages. Pre-incubation with tempol, superoxide dismutase, indomethacin, NS-398, furegrelate or SQ29548 decreased contraction in response to phenylephrine and potentiated relaxation in response to acetylcholine in 12-month-old male O-DR aorta. In this artery, thromboxane A2 release and O2- generation were greater in O-DR than O-CR groups. In conclusion, exposure to hyperglycaemia in utero results in sex-specific and age-dependent hypertension. The fact that vascular function is preserved in female O-DR may in part explain the absence of hypertension in this group. In contrast, the peripheral artery dysfunction associated with increased cyclooxygenase-2-derived production of vasoconstrictor prostanoids could underlie the increased blood pressure in male O-DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Gomes de Sá
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Santos-Rocha
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Odair Alves da Silva
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Hicla Stefany Moreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Geórgia Andrade Leal
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Gloria Pinto Duarte
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Elias Xavier
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Al-Basher G, Ajarem JS, Allam AA, Mahmoud AM. Green Tea Protects Against Perinatal Nicotine-induced Histological, Biochemical and Hematological Alterations in Mice Offspring. INT J PHARMACOL 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.109.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chan YL, Saad S, Al-Odat I, Zaky AA, Oliver B, Pollock C, Li W, Jones NM, Chen H. Impact of maternal cigarette smoke exposure on brain and kidney health outcomes in female offspring. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:1168-1176. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yik L Chan
- School of Life Sciences; Faculty of Science; University of Technology Sydney; Broadway NSW Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Odat
- School of Life Sciences; Faculty of Science; University of Technology Sydney; Broadway NSW Australia
| | - Amgad A Zaky
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - Brian Oliver
- School of Life Sciences; Faculty of Science; University of Technology Sydney; Broadway NSW Australia
| | - Carol Pollock
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Science and Technology; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Nicole M Jones
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medical Sciences; University of New South Wales; Broadway NSW Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences; Faculty of Science; University of Technology Sydney; Broadway NSW Australia
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Ruiter S, Sippel J, Bouwmeester MC, Lommelaars T, Beekhof P, Hodemaekers HM, Bakker F, van den Brandhof EJ, Pennings JLA, van der Ven LTM. Programmed Effects in Neurobehavior and Antioxidative Physiology in Zebrafish Embryonically Exposed to Cadmium: Observations and Hypothesized Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111830. [PMID: 27827847 PMCID: PMC5133831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major cause of premature mortality. Recent studies show that predispositions for NCDs may arise from early-life exposure to low concentrations of environmental contaminants. This developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) paradigm suggests that programming of an embryo can be disrupted, changing the homeostatic set point of biological functions. Epigenetic alterations are a possible underlying mechanism. Here, we investigated the DOHaD paradigm by exposing zebrafish to subtoxic concentrations of the ubiquitous contaminant cadmium during embryogenesis, followed by growth under normal conditions. Prolonged behavioral responses to physical stress and altered antioxidative physiology were observed approximately ten weeks after termination of embryonal exposure, at concentrations that were 50–3200-fold below the direct embryotoxic concentration, and interpreted as altered developmental programming. Literature was explored for possible mechanistic pathways that link embryonic subtoxic cadmium to the observed apical phenotypes, more specifically, the probability of molecular mechanisms induced by cadmium exposure leading to altered DNA methylation and subsequently to the observed apical phenotypes. This was done using the adverse outcome pathway model framework, and assessing key event relationship plausibility by tailored Bradford-Hill analysis. Thus, cadmium interaction with thiols appeared to be the major contributor to late-life effects. Cadmium-thiol interactions may lead to depletion of the methyl donor S-adenosyl-methionine, resulting in methylome alterations, and may, additionally, result in oxidative stress, which may lead to DNA oxidation, and subsequently altered DNA methyltransferase activity. In this way, DNA methylation may be affected at a critical developmental stage, causing the observed apical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Ruiter
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
| | - Josefine Sippel
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
| | - Manon C. Bouwmeester
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
| | - Tobias Lommelaars
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
| | - Piet Beekhof
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
| | - Hennie M. Hodemaekers
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
| | - Frank Bakker
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
| | - Evert-Jan van den Brandhof
- Centre for Environmental Quality, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands;
| | - Jeroen L. A. Pennings
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
| | - Leo T. M. van der Ven
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720BA-1, The Netherlands; (P.B.); (H.M.H.); (F.B.); (J.L.A.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-30-2742681
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Glucose intolerance develops prior to increased adiposity and accelerated cessation of estrous cyclicity in female growth-restricted rats. Pediatr Res 2016; 79:962-70. [PMID: 26854801 PMCID: PMC4899212 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of metabolic disease increases in early menopause. Low birth weight influences the age at menopause. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that intrauterine growth restriction programs early reproductive aging and impaired glucose homeostasis in female rats. METHODS Estrous cyclicity, body composition, and glucose homeostasis were determined in female control and growth-restricted rats at 6 and 12 mo of age; sex steroids at 12 mo. RESULTS Glucose intolerance was present at 6 mo of age prior to cessation of estrous cyclicity and increased adiposity in female growth-restricted rats. However, female growth-restricted rats exhibited persistent estrus and a significant increase in adiposity, fasting glucose, and testosterone at 12 mo of age (P < 0.05). Insulin release in response to a glucose challenge was blunted in conjunction with a reduction in protein expression of pancreatic glucose transporter type 2 and estrogen receptor-α at 12 mo of age in female growth-restricted rats (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that slow fetal growth programmed glucose intolerance that developed prior to early estrous acyclicity; yet, fasting glucose levels were elevated in conjunction with increased adiposity, accelerated cessation of estrous cyclicity and a shift toward testosterone excess at 12 mo of age in female growth-restricted rats.
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Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide. Although multiple factors contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension, studies by Dr David Barker reporting an inverse relationship between birth weight and blood pressure led to the hypothesis that slow growth during fetal life increased blood pressure and the risk for cardiovascular disease in later life. It is now recognized that growth during infancy and childhood, in addition to exposure to adverse influences during fetal life, contributes to the developmental programming of increased cardiovascular risk. Numerous epidemiological studies support the link between influences during early life and later cardiovascular health; experimental models provide proof of principle and indicate that numerous mechanisms contribute to the developmental origins of chronic disease. Sex has an impact on the severity of cardiovascular risk in experimental models of developmental insult. Yet, few studies examine the influence of sex on blood pressure and cardiovascular health in low-birth weight men and women. Fewer still assess the impact of ageing on sex differences in programmed cardiovascular risk. Thus, the aim of the present review is to highlight current data about sex differences in the developmental programming of blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.
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Dasinger JH, Intapad S, Rudsenske BR, Davis GK, Newsome AD, Alexander BT. Chronic Blockade of the Androgen Receptor Abolishes Age-Dependent Increases in Blood Pressure in Female Growth-Restricted Rats. Hypertension 2016; 67:1281-90. [PMID: 27113045 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction induced via placental insufficiency programs a significant increase in blood pressure at 12 months of age in female growth-restricted rats that is associated with early cessation of estrous cyclicity, indicative of premature reproductive senescence. In addition, female growth-restricted rats at 12 months of age exhibit a significant increase in circulating testosterone with no change in circulating estradiol. Testosterone is positively associated with blood pressure after menopause in women. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that androgen receptor blockade would abolish the significant increase in blood pressure that develops with age in female growth-restricted rats. Mean arterial pressure was measured in animals pretreated with and without the androgen receptor antagonist, flutamide (8 mg/kg/day, SC for 2 weeks). Flutamide abolished the significant increase in blood pressure in growth-restricted rats relative to control at 12 months of age. To examine the mechanism(s) by which androgens contribute to increased blood pressure in growth-restricted rats, blood pressure was assessed in rats untreated or treated with enalapril (250 mg/L for 2 weeks). Enalapril eliminated the increase in blood pressure in growth-restricted relative to vehicle- and flutamide-treated controls. Furthermore, the increase in medullary angiotensin type 1 receptor mRNA expression was abolished in flutamide-treated growth-restricted relative to untreated counterparts and controls; cortical angiotensin-converting enzyme mRNA expression was reduced in flutamide-treated growth-restricted versus untreated counterparts. Thus, these data indicate that androgens, via activation of the renin-angiotensin system, are important mediators of increased blood pressure that develops by 12 months of age in female growth-restricted rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Henry Dasinger
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Suttira Intapad
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Benjamin R Rudsenske
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Gwendolyn K Davis
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Ashley D Newsome
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Barbara T Alexander
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson.
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Oral oestrogen reverses ovariectomy-induced morning surge hypertension in growth-restricted mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:613-23. [PMID: 26795436 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal growth restriction (GR) is associated with heightened sympathetic tone and hypertension. We have previously shown that naturally occurring neonatal GR programmes hypertension in male but not female mice. We therefore hypothesized that intact ovarian function or post-ovariectomy (OVX) oestrogen administration protects GR female mice from hypertension. Utilizing a non-interventional model that categorizes mice with weanling weights below the tenth percentile as GR, control and GR adult mice were studied at three distinct time points: baseline, post-OVX and post-OVX with oral oestrogen replacement. OVX elicited hypertension in GR mice that was significantly exacerbated by psychomotor arousal (systolic blood pressure at light to dark transition: control 122 ± 2; GR 119 ± 2; control-OVX 116 ± 3; GR-OVX 126 ± 3 mmHg). Oestrogen partially normalized the rising blood pressure surge seen in GR-OVX mice (23 ± 7% reduction). GR mice had left ventricular hypertrophy, and GR-OVX mice in particular had exaggerated bradycardic responses to sympathetic blockade. For GR mice, a baseline increase in baroreceptor reflex sensitivity and high frequency spectral power support a vagal compensatory mechanism, and that compensation was lost following OVX. For GR mice, the OVX-induced parasympathetic withdrawal was partially restored by oestrogen (40 ± 25% increase in high frequency spectral power, P<0.05). In conclusion, GR alters cardiac morphology and cardiovascular regulation. The haemodynamic consequences of GR are attenuated in ovarian-sufficient or oestrogen-replete females. Further investigations are needed to define the role of hormone replacement therapy targeted towards young women with oestrogen deficiency and additional cardiovascular risk factors, including perinatal GR, cardiac hypertrophy and morning surge hypertension.
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Chisaka T, Mogi M, Nakaoka H, Kan-No H, Tsukuda K, Wang XL, Bai HY, Shan BS, Kukida M, Iwanami J, Higaki T, Ishii EI, Horiuchi M. Low-Protein Diet-Induced Fetal Growth Restriction Leads to Exaggerated Proliferative Response to Vascular Injury in Postnatal Life. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29:54-62. [PMID: 26002925 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the effects of fetal growth restriction (FGR) induced by maternal protein restriction on inflammatory vascular remodeling using a cuff-induced vascular injury mouse model. METHODS Dams (C57BL/6J strain mice) were fed an isocaloric diet containing 20% protein (normal protein; NP) or 8% protein (low protein; LP) from 10 weeks of age until delivery. On the day of delivery, all dams were returned to the NP diet. After weaning, offspring were fed the NP diet. When offspring were 10 weeks of age, vascular injury was induced by polyethylene cuff placement around the femoral artery. RESULTS Birth weight in offspring from dams fed LP until delivery (LPO) was significantly lower, but body weight was the same at 2 weeks after birth compared with that in NP offspring (NPO). Arterial blood pressure at 12 weeks of age did not differ between LPO and NPO. Neointima formation was exaggerated in LPO compared with NPO and associated with an increase in cell proliferation assessed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining index. Moreover, LPO showed enhanced expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and production of superoxide anion in the injured artery. Moreover, mRNA expression of isoforms of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits such as p22phox, p40phox, p47phox, p67phox, gp91phpx, and Rac1 in the injured arteries were enhanced in LPO. Furthermore, HIF-1α expression was increased in LPO compared with that in NPO. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that maternal low-protein diet-induced FGR increases susceptibility of the vasculature to postnatal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Chisaka
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan;
| | - Hirotomo Nakaoka
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Harumi Kan-No
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kana Tsukuda
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hui-Yu Bai
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Bao-Shuai Shan
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kukida
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Jun Iwanami
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Higaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ei-Ichi Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Horiuchi
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohon, Ehime, Japan
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Regensteiner JG, Golden S, Huebschmann AG, Barrett-Connor E, Chang AY, Chyun D, Fox CS, Kim C, Mehta N, Reckelhoff JF, Reusch JEB, Rexrode KM, Sumner AE, Welty FK, Wenger NK, Anton B. Sex Differences in the Cardiovascular Consequences of Diabetes Mellitus: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2015; 132:2424-47. [PMID: 26644329 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Tomat AL, Salazar FJ. Mechanisms involved in developmental programming of hypertension and renal diseases. Gender differences. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2015; 18:63-77. [PMID: 25390003 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2013-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial body of epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that a poor fetal and neonatal environment may "program" susceptibility in the offspring to later development of cardiovascular, renal and metabolic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review focuses on current knowledge from the available literature regarding the mechanisms linking an adverse developmental environment with an increased risk for cardiovascular, renal and metabolic diseases in adult life. Moreover, this review highlights important sex-dependent differences in the adaptation to developmental insults. RESULTS Developmental programming of several diseases is secondary to changes in different mechanisms inducing important alterations in the normal development of several organs that lead to significant changes in birth weight. The different diseases occurring as a consequence of an adverse environment during development are secondary to morphological and functional cardiovascular and renal changes, to epigenetic changes and to an activation of several hormonal and regulatory systems, such as angiotensin II, sympathetic activity, nitric oxide, COX2-derived metabolites, oxidative stress and inflammation. The important sex-dependent differences in the developmental programming of diseases seem to be partly secondary to the effects of sex hormones. Recent studies have shown that the progression of these diseases is accelerated during aging in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS The cardiovascular, renal and metabolic diseases during adult life that occur as a consequence of several insults during fetal and postnatal periods are secondary to multiple structural and functional changes. Future studies are needed in order to prevent the origin and reduce the incidence and consequences of developmental programmed diseases.
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