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Xiong L, Zhang Y, He B, Zhang K, Zhu J, Lang X. Optimum Parameters in Ultrasound Coherent Plane Wave Compounding for High LPWV Estimation: Validation on Phantom and Feasibility in 10 Subjects. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2024; 43:1469-1487. [PMID: 38700113 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to determine the optimum and fine values of the number and transmission angles of tilted plane waves for coherent plane-wave compounding (CPWC)-based high local pulse wave velocity (LPWV) estimation. METHODS A Verasonics system incorporating a linear array probe L14-5/38 with 128 elements and a pulsatile pump, CompuFlow1000, were used to acquire radio frequency data of 3, 5, 7, and 9 tilted plane wave sequences with angle intervals from 0° to 12° with a coarse interval increment step of 1°, and the angle intervals from 0° to 2° with a fine interval increment step of 0.25° from a carotid vessel phantom with the LPWV of 13.42 ± 0.90 m/s. The mean value, standard deviation, and coefficients of variation (CV) of the estimated LPWVs were calculated to quantitatively assess the performance of different configurations for CPWC-based LPWV estimation. Ten healthy human subjects of two age groups were recruited to assess the in vivo feasibility of the optimum parameter values. RESULTS The CPWC technique with three plane waves (PRF of 12 kHz corresponding to a frame rate of 4000 Hz) with an interval of 0.75° had LPWVs of 13.52 ± 0.08 m/s with the lowest CV of 1.84% on the phantom, and 5.49 ± 1.46 m/s with the lowest CV of 12.35% on 10 subjects. CONCLUSIONS The optimum parameters determined in this study show the best repeatability of the LPWV measurements with a vessel phantom and 10 healthy subjects, which support further studies on larger datasets for potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiong
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Bingbing He
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingying Zhu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xun Lang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Sakamuri A, Visniauskas B, Kilanowski-Doroh I, McNally AB, Imulinde A, Kamau A, Sengottaian D, McLachlan J, Anguera M, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Lindsey SH, Ogola BO. Testosterone deficiency promotes arterial stiffening independent of sex chromosome complement. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:46. [PMID: 38845040 PMCID: PMC11155160 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex hormones and sex chromosomes play a vital role in cardiovascular disease. Testosterone plays a crucial role in men's health. Lower testosterone level is associated with cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases, including inflammation, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes. Testosterone replacement is beneficial or neutral to men's cardiovascular health. Testosterone deficiency is associated with cardiovascular events. Testosterone supplementation to hypogonadal men improves libido, increases muscle strength, and enhances mood. We hypothesized that sex chromosomes (XX and XY) interaction with testosterone plays a role in arterial stiffening. METHODS We used four core genotype male mice to understand the inherent contribution of sex hormones and sex chromosome complement in arterial stiffening. Age-matched mice were either gonadal intact or castrated at eight weeks plus an additional eight weeks to clear endogenous sex hormones. This was followed by assessing blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, echocardiography, and ex vivo passive vascular mechanics. RESULTS Arterial stiffening but not blood pressure was more significant in castrated than testes-intact mice independent of sex chromosome complement. Castrated mice showed a leftward shift in stress-strain curves and carotid wall thinning. Sex chromosome complement (XX) in the absence of testosterone increased collagen deposition in the aorta and Kdm6a gene expression. CONCLUSION Testosterone deprivation increases arterial stiffening and vascular wall remodeling. Castration increases Col1α1 in male mice with XX sex chromosome complement. Our study shows decreased aortic contractile genes in castrated mice with XX than XY sex chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Sakamuri
- Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ariane Imulinde
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Anne Kamau
- Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Divya Sengottaian
- Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - John McLachlan
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Montserrat Anguera
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Healthcare System Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Deming Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sarah H Lindsey
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Benard O Ogola
- Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Tian X, Chen S, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Xia X, Wang P, Wu S, Wang A. Temporal relationship between arterial stiffness and blood pressure variability and joint effect on cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:1133-1143. [PMID: 38145991 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01541-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Although arterial stiffness measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and blood pressure (BP) significantly correlated, the relationship between baPWV and BP variation (BPV) was unclear. This study aimed to examine the temporal relationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and systolic blood pressure variation (SBPV) and their joint effect on the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study included 6632 participants with repeated assessments of baPWV and BP during 2006 to 2018. The baseline and follow-up SBPV was calculated as absolute SBP difference divided by mean SBP over sequential visits, using data between 2006-2010 and 2014-2018, respectively. Cross-lagged analysis was used to assess the temporal relation between baPWV and SBPV, and logistic analysis was used to assess the joint effect of baPWV and SBPV on CVD. After adjustment for confounder, the path coefficient from baseline baPWV to follow-up SBPV (β1 = 0.040; P = 0.0012) was significantly had greater than the path from baseline SBPV to follow-up baPWV (β2 = 0.009; P = 0.3830), with P = 0.0232 for the difference between β1 and β2. This unidirectional relationship from baseline baPWV to follow-up SBPV was consistent in patients without hypertension, with isolated systolic, high systolic and diastolic, uncontrolled and controlled hypertension. In addition, participants with high levels of baseline baPWV and follow-up SBPV had greater risk of CVD (odds ratio, 5.82; 95% confidence interval, 2.50-12.60) than those with low-low levels. The findings suggested that arterial stiffness appeared to precede the increase in SBPV and their joint effect is predictive of the development of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tian
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, 57 Xinhua East Rd, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Penglian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, 57 Xinhua East Rd, Tangshan, 063000, China.
| | - Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Afsar B, Afsar RE. The role of glycosaminoglycans in blood pressure regulation. Microcirculation 2023; 30:e12832. [PMID: 37794746 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (HT) is the global health problem and is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular and kidney disease. High salt intake has been associated with HT and impaired kidney sodium excretion is considered to be a major mechanism for the development of HT. Although kidney has a very important role in regulation of BP, this traditional view of BP regulation was challenged by recent findings suggesting that nonosmotic tissue sodium deposition is very important for BP regulation. This new paradigm indicates that sodium can be stored and deposited nonosmotically in the interstitium without water retention and without increased BP. One of the major determinants of this deposition is glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). By binding to GAGs found in the endothelial surface layer (ESL) which contains glycocalyx, sodium is osmotically inactivated and not induce concurrent water retention. Thus, GAGs has important function for homeostatic BP and sodium regulation. In the current review, we summarized the role of GAGs in ESL and BP regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Afsar
- School of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Rengin Elsurer Afsar
- School of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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5
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Sakamuri A, Visniauskas B, Kilanowski-Doroh I, McNally A, Imulinde-Sugi A, Kamau A, Sengottaian D, McLachlan J, Anguera M, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Lindsey S, Ogola BO. Testosterone Deficiency Promotes Arterial Stiffening Independent of Sex Chromosome Complement. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3370040. [PMID: 37886462 PMCID: PMC10602149 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3370040/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Testosterone plays a vital role in men's health. Lower testosterone level is associated with cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases, including inflammation, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes. Testosterone replacement is beneficial or neutral to men's cardiovascular health. Testosterone deficiency is associated with cardiovascular events. Testosterone supplementation to hypogonadal men improves libido, increases muscle strength, and enhances mood. We hypothesized that sex chromosomes (XX and XY) interaction with testosterone plays a role in arterial stiffening. Methods We used four core genotype male mice to understand the inherent contribution of sex hormones and sex chromosome complement in arterial stiffening. Age-matched mice were either gonadal intact or castrated for eight weeks, followed by an assessment of blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, echocardiography, and ex vivo passive vascular mechanics. Results Arterial stiffening but not blood pressure was more significant in castrated than testes-intact mice independent of sex chromosome complement. Castrated mice showed a leftward shift in stress-strain curves and carotid wall thinning. Sex chromosome complement (XX) in the absence of testosterone increased collagen deposition in the aorta and Kdm6a gene expression. Conclusion Testosterone deprivation increases arterial stiffening and vascular wall remodeling. Castration increases Col1α1 in male mice with XX sex chromosome complement. Our study shows decreased aortic contractile genes in castrated mice with XX than XY sex chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anne Kamau
- Augusta University Medical College of Georgia
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6
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Zuo X, Liu L, Liu K, Zhang X, Ye R, Yang C, Ma J, Jia S, Yang X, Liu X, Sun L, Huo X, Chen X. Proximal aorta dilatation in hypertension. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1511-1520. [PMID: 37642588 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Dilation of the proximal aorta is a common clinical manifestation in hypertensive patients. Although it is straightforward to link hypertension with proximal aortic dilation, previous studies on their interrelation have yielded controversial results. Cross-sectional design, methodology of blood pressure assessment, confounding factors like medications, and inconsistent reference values may lead to the paradoxical conclusions. Recently, advances have been made in the exploration of determinants and clinical value of proximal aortic dilatation. Thus, we reviewed these findings and summarized that aortic dilatation may be the consequence of hemodynamic and nonhemodynamic co-factors' combined action. Moreover, proximal aortic dilatation tends to be a predictor for aortic aneurysm dissection or rupture, hypertensive target organ damage as well as cardiovascular events. The present review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the pathological process of proximal aortic dilatation in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghao Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Swift DL, McGee JE, Grammer EE, Huff AC, Clunan MC, Hursey N, Brown TT, Osborne BG, Houmard JA, Carels RA, Pories WJ, Matarese LE. The effect of exercise training level on arterial stiffness after clinically significant weight loss. Clin Obes 2023; 13:e12584. [PMID: 36843503 PMCID: PMC11036368 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is improved by weight loss. However, no data exist on the impact of aerobic exercise levels on arterial stiffness during weight maintenance. Adults who were overweight or with obesity (N = 39) participated in a 10-week weight loss program. Participants who achieved ≥7% weight loss were randomized to aerobic training at the minimum physical activity guidelines (PA-REC, 550 MET min/week) or weight maintenance guidelines (WM-REC, 970 MET min/week) for 18 additional weeks. Arterial stiffness (carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV], augmentation index normalized for 75 beats/min [AIX75]) and blood pressure [aortic and brachial]) were assessed at baseline, the end of the weight loss phase (week 10), and follow-up (week 28). There was a reduction in cfPWV in participants who met the weight loss goal (-0.34 m/s, p = .02) and approached significance for the entire sample (p = .051). Similarly, there were reductions in AIX75, brachial blood pressure, and aortic blood pressure (p < .05) in the full sample. In the weight maintenance phase, no differences were observed between the PA-REC and the WM-REC groups for change in arterial stiffness or blood pressure (p > .05). However, changes in cfPWV were independently associated with changes in LDL (r2 : 0.45, p = .004) and exercise intensity (r2 : 0.17, p = .033). Aerobic exercise level at the minimum physical activity guidelines or weight maintenance guidelines does not affect the change in PWV or the change in cfPWV after clinically significant weight loss. However, interventions which limit increases in LDL cholesterol and promote high-intensity aerobic exercise may prevent increases in stiffness during weight maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon L. Swift
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joshua E. McGee
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily E. Grammer
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anna C. Huff
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marie C. Clunan
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicole Hursey
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Taylor T. Brown
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Joseph A. Houmard
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert A. Carels
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Walter J. Pories
- Department of Surgery, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura E. Matarese
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Palić B, Brizić I, Sher EK, Cvetković I, Džidić-Krivić A, Abdelghani HTM, Sher F. Effects of Zofenopril on Arterial Stiffness in Hypertension Patients. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00861-5. [PMID: 37702881 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00861-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) reduce arterial stiffness beyond their antihypertensive effect. Studies showed that sulfhydryl ACEIs have the antioxidative potential to improve endothelial function, which might have a clinical effect on arterial distensibility. However, there are no studies that directly compare the effects of sulfhydryl (zofenopril) and non-sulfhydryl ACEIs (enalapril) on arterial stiffness. Therefore, this prospective study aims to compare the effects of enalapril and zofenopril on arterial stiffness and oxidative stress in both short- and long-term treatment of arterial hypertension (AH). Baseline and post-treatment peripheral and central arterial pressure indices, augmentation index (Aix), aortic pulse wave velocity (ao-PWV), serum levels of oxidized low-density cholesterol lipoprotein, LDL and uric acid (UA) were measured. The results showed that acute treatment with zofenopril, in contrast to enalapril, significantly decreased peripheral and central Aix (p < 0.001). Chronic treatment with zofenopril showed a superior effect over enalapril on the reduction of the peripheral systolic arterial pressure with reduction of ao-PWV (p = 0.004), as well as a reduction in peripheral Aix (p = 0.021) and central Aix (p = 0.021). Therefore, this study indicates that zofenopril has beneficial effects on the reduction of arterial stiffness compared to enalapril. It has potent clinical efficacy in AH treatment and further studies should compare its safety and long-term efficacy to other AH drugs that would aid clinicians in treating AH and other various cardiovascular diseases that have arterial stiffness as a common denominator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Palić
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, 88000, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ivica Brizić
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, 88000, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Emina Karahmet Sher
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Ivona Cvetković
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, 88000, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amina Džidić-Krivić
- Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, 72000, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Nottingham, UK
| | - Heba Taha Mohmmed Abdelghani
- Department of Physiology of Physical Activity, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farooq Sher
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
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Sakboonyarat B, Poovieng J, Sangkool T, Lertsakulbunlue S, Jongcherdchootrakul K, Srisawat P, Mungthin M, Rangsin R. Relationship between pulse pressure and body mass index in active-duty Royal Thai Army personnel in Thailand. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:361. [PMID: 37464282 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03390-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated pulse pressure (PP) is a robust independent predictor of cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between PP and body mass index (BMI) was presented in a few studies. However, the findings were inconsistent. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to identify the association between elevated PP and BMI using a large sample of active-duty Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted through the use of the dataset obtained from the annual health examination database of RTA personnel in Thailand in 2022. BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2 was classified as obesity I, whereas BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2 was classified as obesity II. Elevated PP was defined as PP ≥ 50 mmHg. Multivariable linear regression and log-binomial regression models were utilized for determining the association between elevated PP and BMI. RESULTS A total of 62,113 active-duty RTA personnel were included in the study. The average BMI was 25.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2, while the average PP was 50.1 ± 11.2 mmHg. Compared to individuals with normal weight, the [Formula: see text] coefficients of PP and BMI were 1.38 (95% CI: 1.15-1.60) and 2.57 (95% CI: 2.25-2.88) in individuals with obesity I and obesity II, respectively. Effect modification by high blood pressure (BP) on the association between elevated PP and BMI was observed. Among participants with normal BP, in comparison with BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2, the adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) for elevated PP was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.19-1.28) and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.35-1.48) in those with obesity I and obesity II, respectively. Meanwhile, among individuals with high BP, the adjusted PR for elevated PP was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01-1.08) and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.06-1.13) in those with obesity I and obesity II, respectively. CONCLUSION PP was positively associated with BMI in active-duty RTA personnel. High BP was the modifier of the association between PP and BMI. A weaker association between elevated PP and BMI was observed among RTA personnel with high BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boonsub Sakboonyarat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jaturon Poovieng
- Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Tanatip Sangkool
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Kanlaya Jongcherdchootrakul
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Phutsapong Srisawat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Mathirut Mungthin
- Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Ram Rangsin
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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10
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Daniel JM, Lindsey SH, Mostany R, Schrader LA, Zsombok A. Cardiometabolic health, menopausal estrogen therapy and the brain: How effects of estrogens diverge in healthy and unhealthy preclinical models of aging. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 70:101068. [PMID: 37061205 PMCID: PMC10725785 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Research in preclinical models indicates that estrogens are neuroprotective and positively impact cognitive aging. However, clinical data are equivocal as to the benefits of menopausal estrogen therapy to the brain and cognition. Pre-existing cardiometabolic disease may modulate mechanisms by which estrogens act, potentially reducing or reversing protections they provide against cognitive decline. In the current review we propose mechanisms by which cardiometabolic disease may alter estrogen effects, including both alterations in actions directly on brain memory systems and actions on cardiometabolic systems, which in turn impact brain memory systems. Consideration of mechanisms by which estrogen administration can exert differential effects dependent upon health phenotype is consistent with the move towards precision or personalized medicine, which aims to determine which treatment interventions will work for which individuals. Understanding effects of estrogens in both healthy and unhealthy models of aging is critical to optimizing the translational link between preclinical and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Daniel
- Department of Psychology and Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.
| | - Sarah H Lindsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Ricardo Mostany
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Laura A Schrader
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology and Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Andrea Zsombok
- Department of Physiology and Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
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11
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Walser M, Schlichtiger J, Dalla-Pozza R, Mandilaras G, Tengler A, Ulrich S, Oberhoffer FS, Oberhoffer-Fritz R, Böhm B, Haas NA, Jakob A. Oscillometric pulse wave velocity estimated via the Mobil-O-Graph shows excellent accuracy in children, adolescents and young adults: an invasive validation study. J Hypertens 2023; 41:597-607. [PMID: 36723480 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Increased arterial stiffness, measured as arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) is associated with an elevated cardiovascular risk. Although noninvasive PWV measurement methods have been validated by invasive measurement, there is little such data on pediatric patients. The purpose of this study was to 'fill the gap' by validating PWV obtained by Mobil-O-Graph in children, adolescents in comparison to young adults. METHODS Sixty patients (25 male, mean age 16.6 years; range 3-35 years) were included in this study. Fifty-one patients underwent cardiac catheterization after a heart transplantation (HTX) and nine for interventional atrial septal defect-closure. Specific invasive pulse wave velocities were assessed for the ascending aorta (aPWV) and entire central aorta (cPWV). These invasive PWV results were compared to simultaneously measured brachial cuff readings using Mobil-O-Graph (oPWV) stratified by age in two groups (PEDIATRICS <18 years|ADULTS ≥18 years). RESULTS Correlation analysis showed a positive linear relation between both invasive PWV measurements and the oPWV in all ages (cPWV/oPWV: r = 0.417, aPWV/oPWV: r = 0.628; P < 0.001). The oPWV data agreed better with the aPWV in mean-value comparisons and correlations with mean difference in PEDIATRICS was 0.41 ± 0.41 m/s (95% confidence interval 0.27-0.55). We also found the cPWV to be faster than the aPWV particularly in adults. In addition, cPWV correlated closer with age ( r = 0.393, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Estimated oPWV using the Mobil-O-Graph demonstrated excellent accuracy in adults and pediatric patients. Therefore, the Mobil-O-Graph can be implemented as an ambulatory PWV measuring tool for pediatric cardiovascular risk stratification. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION German clinical trial registration, DRKS00015066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Walser
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
| | - Jenny Schlichtiger
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
| | - Robert Dalla-Pozza
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
| | - Guido Mandilaras
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
| | - Anja Tengler
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
| | - Sarah Ulrich
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
| | - Felix Sebastian Oberhoffer
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
| | - Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz
- Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit Böhm
- Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus A Haas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
| | - André Jakob
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich
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12
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DOĞAN K, BAYKARA M, ÖZTÜRK C. A comparative study of the effects of chronic kidney disease on sonographic arterial stiffness parameters in geriatric and normal population. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1226744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Due to its growing incidence rate worldwide, chronic kidney disease is a crucial public health problem which is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients is characterized by arteriosclerosis and increased arterial stiffness, and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. A correlation was reported between an increased arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease in high risk groups such as chronic kidney disease or hypertension as well as general undiagnosed population. Our aim was to show the changes in arterial stiffness parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease in the geriatric population.
Material and Method: 44 chronic kidney disease patients and 44 control group cases of the same age were included in the study. There were 20 female and 24 male cases in each group. Systolic and diastolic diameter were measured for all cases. Intima-media thickness was measured in carotid and femoral arteries. Arterial stiffness parameters were calculated using formulas. Systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure and body mass index were measured. Their urea and creatinine values were recorded.
Results: There were no differences between two groups in terms of age and sex (p=0.069). Body mass index in the patient group was significantly lower compared to the control group (p=0.025). Systolic arterial blood pressure was higher in the patient group (p
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13
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Liu J, Qiu L, Su Y, Zhang H, Shi X, Hu X, Qian L. Evaluation of early arterial wall lesions by elastography parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:123. [PMID: 36890456 PMCID: PMC9997006 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterialsclerosis caused by hypertension can lead to many complications, such as heart attack, stroke and so on. Early diagnosis and treatment of arterialsclerosis can prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and improve the prognosis. The present study aimed to explore the value of ultrasonography in evaluating the early lesion of the local arterial wall in hypertensive rats and identify useful elastography parameters. METHODS A total of 24 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), 10-, 20-, 30-, and 40-weeks-old, were used in this study, with 6 rats in each group. Blood pressure was recorded using the Animal Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurement System (Kent company, model CODA, USA), and the local elasticity of the abdominal aorta of rats was measured using a ultrasound diagnostic instrument (VINNO, Suzhou city, China). According to the histopathological results, SHR were divided into two groups: the normal arterial elasticity and the early arterial wall lesions. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in elastic parameters and influencing factors between the above two groups, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze and judge the value of each elastic parameter in evaluating early arterial lesions. RESULTS A total of 22 cases were divided into two groups: 14 in the normal arterial elasticity and 8 in the early arterial wall lesions. The differences in age, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV), compliance coefficient (CC), distensibility coefficient (DC), and elasticity parameter (EP) between the two groups were compared. The differences in PWV, CC, DC and EP were statistically significant. Subsequently, the ROC curve analysis was performed for the above four evaluation indexes of arterial elasticity; the results were as follows: the area under the curve of PWV, CC, DC, and EP was 0.946, 0.781, 0.946, and 0.911, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Early arterial wall lesions can be evaluated by ultrasound measurement of local PWV. PWV and DC can accurately evaluate the early arterial wall lesions in SHR, and the combined application of the two can improve the sensitivity and specificity of the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lanyan Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xianquan Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiangdong Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Linxue Qian
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Volkova E, Procell L, Kong L, Santhanam L, Gerecht S. Vascular stiffening in aging females with a hypertension-induced HIF2A gain-of-function mutation. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10403. [PMID: 36925716 PMCID: PMC10013765 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is more prevalent in females than males; the causes of this sex difference have not been adequately explored. Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2A) lead to PAH and thrombotic consequences in patients and mice. Additionally, multiple emerging studies suggest that elevated systemic arterial stiffening (SAS) occurs in PAH; this could have critical prognostic value. Here, we utilized a HIF2A GOF mouse model to determine how SAS can be used as a prognosticator in sex-divergent PAH. We analyzed survival, vascular mechanics, and vascular phenotypes in young adult (8-16 weeks) and middle age (9-12 months) Hif2a GOF mice. We find that Hif2a heterozygous (HT) female mice, but not Hif2a HT male mice, exhibit poor survival, SAS upon aging, and decreased ability to withstand repeated physiological strain. Hif2a HT female mice also display thickening of the adventitial intima and increased collagen I and collagen III in all layers of the thoracic aorta. Our findings demonstrate differing PAH progression in female and male Hif2a GOF mice. Specifically, alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) content led to vascular stiffening in aged females, resulting in poor survival. Moreover, we show that SAS emerges early in mice with PAH by coupling studies of vascular mechanics and analyzing vascular structure and composition. Importantly, we present a model for assessing sex differences in hereditary PAH progression and sex-specific prognosis, proposing that aortic stiffening can be used to prognosticate future poor outcomes in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Volkova
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Linda Procell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lingyang Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lakshmi Santhanam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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15
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Liu Q, Dong S, Zhou X, Zhao Y, Dong B, Shen J, Yang K, Li L, Zhu D. Effects of Long-Term Intervention with Losartan, Aspirin and Atorvastatin on Vascular Remodeling in Juvenile Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041844. [PMID: 36838830 PMCID: PMC9965824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension in adolescents is associated with adverse cardiac and vascular events. In addition to lowering blood pressure, it is not clear whether pharmacological therapy in early life can improve vascular remodeling. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term administration of losartan, aspirin, and atorvastatin on vascular remodeling in juvenile spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Losartan, aspirin, and atorvastatin were administered via gavage at doses of 20, 10, and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively, on SHRs aged 6-22 weeks. Paraffin sections of the blood vessels were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Sirius Red to evaluate the changes in the vascular structure and the accumulation of different types of collagen. The plasma levels of renin, angiotensin II (Ang II), aldosterone (ALD), endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and neutrophil elastase (NE) were determined using ELISA kits. After the 16-week treatment with losartan, aspirin, and atorvastatin, the wall thickness of the thoracic aorta and carotid artery decreased. The integrity of the elastic fibers in the tunica media was maintained in an orderly manner, and collagen deposition in the adventitia was retarded. The plasma levels of renin, ALD, ET-1, IL-6, and NE in the SHRs also decreased. These findings suggest that losartan, aspirin, and atorvastatin could improve vascular remodeling beyond their antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering effects. Many aspects of the protection provided by pharmacological therapy are important for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adults and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yubo Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Core Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Core Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Kang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Linsen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-158-1089-2058 (D.Z.)
| | - Dan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-158-1089-2058 (D.Z.)
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Rigonatto RRF, Vitorino PVO, Oliveira AC, Sousa ALL, Jardim PCBV, Cunha PMGM, Barbosa ECD, Xaplanteris P, Vlachopoulos C, Barroso WKS. SAGE Score in Normotensive and Pre-Hypertensive Patients: A Proof of Concept. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20200291. [PMID: 36856235 PMCID: PMC9972660 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SAGE score was developed to detect individuals at risk for increased pulse wave velocity (PWV). So far, studies have been focused on hypertensive patients. OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of the score to detect non-hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients at risk for increased PWV. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional study of analysis of central blood pressure data and calculation of the SAGE score of non-hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients. Each score point was analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, using the cut-off point for positive diagnosis a PVW ≥ 10m/s, ≥9.08 m/s (75thpercentile) and ≥7.30 m/s (50thpercentile). A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The sample was composed of 100 normotensive and pre-hypertensive individuals, with mean age of 52.64 ± 14.94 years and median PWV of 7.30 m/s (6.03 - 9.08). The SAGE score was correlated with age (r=0.938, p<0.001), glycemia (r=0.366, p<0.001) and glomerular filtration rate (r=-0.658, p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.968 (p<0.001) for PWV ≥ 10 m/s, 0.977 (p<0.001) for PWV ≥ 9.08 m/s and 0.967 (p<0.001) for PWV ≥ 7.30 m/s. The score 7 showed a specificity of 95.40% and sensitivity of 100% for PWV≥10 m/s. The cut-off point would be of five for a PWV≥9.08 m/s (sensitivity =96.00%, specificity = 94.70%), and two for a PWV ≥ 7.30 m/s. CONCLUSION The SAGE score could identify individuals at higher risk of arterial stiffness, using different PWV cutoff points. However, the development of a specific score for normotensive and pre-hypertensive subjects is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayne Ramos Fagundes Rigonatto
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO – Brasil,Pontifícia Universidade Católica de GoiásEscola de Ciências Sociais e da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilPontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás – Escola de Ciências Sociais e da Saúde, Goiânia, GO – Brasil
| | - Priscila Valverde Oliveira Vitorino
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO – Brasil,Pontifícia Universidade Católica de GoiásEscola de Ciências Sociais e da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilPontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás – Escola de Ciências Sociais e da Saúde, Goiânia, GO – Brasil,Universidade Federal de GoiásLiga de Hipertensão ArterialGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO – Brasil
| | - Adriana Camargo Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO – Brasil
| | - Ana Luiza Lima Sousa
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO – Brasil,Universidade Federal de GoiásLiga de Hipertensão ArterialGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO – Brasil
| | - Paulo César Brandão Veiga Jardim
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO – Brasil,Universidade Federal de GoiásLiga de Hipertensão ArterialGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO – Brasil
| | | | - Eduardo Costa Duarte Barbosa
- Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrasilComplexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS – Brasil
| | - Panagiotis Xaplanteris
- Université Libre de BruxellesCardiology DepartmentBruxelasBélgicaUniversité Libre de Bruxelles – Cardiology Department, Bruxelas – Bélgica,National and Kapodistrian University of AthensSchool of MedicineDepartment of CardiologyAtenasGréciaNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine – First University Department of Cardiology, Atenas – Grécia
| | - Charalambos Vlachopoulos
- National and Kapodistrian University of AthensSchool of MedicineDepartment of CardiologyAtenasGréciaNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine – First University Department of Cardiology, Atenas – Grécia
| | - Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO – Brasil,Universidade Federal de GoiásLiga de Hipertensão ArterialGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO – Brasil
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Gupta S, Singh A, Sharma A. Exploiting moving slope features of PPG derivatives for estimation of mean arterial pressure. Biomed Eng Lett 2023; 13:1-9. [PMID: 36711158 PMCID: PMC9873885 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-022-00247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) helps calculate the arteries' flow, resistance, and pressure. It allows doctors to check how well the blood flows through our body and reaches all major organs. Photoplethysmogram technology is gaining momentum and popularity in smart wearable devices to monitor cuff-less blood pressure (BP). However, the performance reliability of the existing PPG-based BP estimation devices is still poor. Inaccuracy in estimating systolic and diastolic blood pressure leads to an overall imprecision in resultant MAP values. Hence, there is a need for robust and reliable MAP estimation algorithms. This work exploits the moving slope features of PPG contour in its first and second derivatives that directly correlate with MAP and does not require estimating systolic and diastolic blood pressure values. The proposed approach is evaluated using two different data sets (i.e., MIMIC-I and MIMIC-II) to demonstrate the robustness and reliability of the work for personalized non-invasive BP monitoring devices to estimate MAP directly. A mean absolute error of 1.28 mmHg and a standard deviation of 2.50 mmHg is obtained with MIMIC-II data-set using GridSearchCV random forest regressor that outperformed most of the existing related works.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anurag Singh
- IIIT Naya Raipur, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 493661 India
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Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Xu G, Shang X. Association between estimated pulse wave velocity and silent lacunar infarct in a Korean population. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1070997. [PMID: 36760572 PMCID: PMC9905668 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1070997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Previous studies have proposed the estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) as a simple and cost-effective measure of arterial stiffness. Since arterial stiffness plays a role in the progression of silent lacunar infarct (SLI), our present work aims to evaluate the association between ePWV and the presence of SLI. Methods The present work was based on a cross-section study. Our study included 1,011 neurologically healthy Korean participants. The SLI was evaluated using brain magnetic resonance images (MRI). The ePWV was derived from a published equation using age and mean blood pressure (MBP). Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between ePWV and SLI. The linear relationship and robustness were evaluated using smooth curve fitting and subgroup analyses, respectively. Results The prevalence of SLI was 11.87%. After fully adjusting for covariates, per 1 m/s increase of ePWV casted 31% additional risk for SLI (P = 0.009). When dividing the ePWV into quartiles, the top quartile had 4.01 times risk compared with the bottom quartile. The increasing trend across the quartiles was statistically significant (P for trend < 0.001). Consistently, smooth curve fitting revealed that the risk of SLI elevated linearly with the increase of ePWV. Finally, subgroup analysis suggested that the association was robust in several sub-populations divided by age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary artery occlusive disease (CAOD), hyperlipidemia, and statin medication (all P for interaction > 0.05). Conclusion The current study revealed an independent and positive association between ePWV and the presence of SLI in a neurologically healthy Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Gang Xu,
| | - Xiuli Shang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,Xiuli Shang,
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Hao X, Li W, Shi R, Wang Q. Investigating the causal mediating effect of type 2 diabetes on the relationship between traits and systolic blood pressure: A two-step Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1090867. [PMID: 36589843 PMCID: PMC9800519 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1090867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension commonly coexist, and we presumed that T2DM might mediate the relationship between some shared risk factors and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Methods The causal association between T2DM and SBP was first confirmed using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, and a two-step MR design was then used to test the causal mediating effect of T2DM on the relationship between 107 traits and SBP using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies. Results T2DM was causally associated with SBP. The univariable MR of the two-step causal mediation analyses suggested that 44 and 45 of the 107 traits had causal associations with T2DM and SBP, respectively. Five of the 27 traits that were significantly associated with both T2DM and SBP could not be reversely altered by T2DM and were included in the second step of the causal mediation analyses. The results indicated that most of the investigated traits causally altered SBP independent of T2DM, but the partial causal mediating effect of T2DM on the association between fasting insulin and SBP was successfully identified with a mediation proportion of 33.6%. Conclusions Our study provides novel insights into the role of risk factors in the comorbidity of T2DM and high blood pressure, which is important for long-term disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezeng Hao
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqing Shi
- Respiratory Endocrine Department, Beijing Fengtai You′anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ramoshaba NE, Fihla MQ, Mthethwa WS, Tshangela L, Mampofu ZM. Neck Circumference and Blood Pressure Measurements among Walter Sisulu University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15235. [PMID: 36429953 PMCID: PMC9690920 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a public health problem in South Africa. Increases in subcutaneous fat, presented by the neck circumference (NC) value, contribute to and predict the development of hypertension. However, to date, there has been no study done to investigate the relationship between the NC and blood pressure (BP) among historically disadvantaged university students. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the NC and BP among Walter Sisulu University students. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Walter Sisulu University. All 127 students were aged 18 years and above and underwent NC and clinical BP measurements using standard procedures. In a Pearson's correlation analysis, the NC positively correlated with both the systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r = 0.5; p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = 0.3; p < 0.001). Furthermore, in the multivariable-adjusted regression analysis, the NC was positively associated with both the SBP (adjusted R2 = 0.3, β = 2.0 (95% CI = 1.1; 2.9), p < 0.001) and DBP (adjusted R2 = 0.1 β = 0.950 (95% CI = 0.3; 1.6), p = 0.008) adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, alcohol, and smoking. The NC is related to BP among historically disadvantaged university students.
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21
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Carson MY, Barinas‐Mitchell E, Maki PM, Thurston RC. Childhood Maltreatment and Arterial Stiffness Among Midlife Women. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026081. [PMID: 36314495 PMCID: PMC9673641 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Childhood maltreatment has been associated with arterial stiffness. This relationship has not been examined specifically among women at midlife, a time of increased arterial stiffness in women. This study tested whether childhood maltreatment is associated with arterial stiffness among a cohort of midlife women. Methods and Results A total of 162 nonsmoking perimenopausal and postmenopausal women free of clinical cardiovascular disease (mean age, 54 years; 72% White race, 23% Black race, and 5% Asian/Pacific Islander or Mixed race) completed the Child Trauma Questionnaire at baseline. At a follow-up visit 5 years later, blood pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (a measure of arterial stiffness) were assessed. Relationships between childhood maltreatment and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were tested in linear regression models, adjusting for time between visits, age, race and ethnicity, education, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension medication, and diastolic blood pressure. Seventy-one women (44% of the sample) met criteria for a history of childhood maltreatment. Women with a history of childhood maltreatment had higher carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (B [SE]=0.47 [0.21]; P=0.03) than women without this history, controlling for time between visits, age, race and ethnicity, education, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension medication, and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions Among these midlife women, childhood maltreatment was associated with arterial stiffness, highlighting the potential long-term cardiovascular implications of childhood maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Barinas‐Mitchell
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPA
| | - Pauline M. Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL
| | - Rebecca C. Thurston
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPA,Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPA,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
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22
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Ma B, Melton E, Wiener R, Zhou N, Wu W, Lai L, Wang C, Costa KD, Qiu H. Age and Blood Pressure Contribute to Aortic Cell and Tissue Stiffness Through Distinct Mechanisms. Hypertension 2022; 79:1777-1788. [PMID: 35766034 PMCID: PMC9308762 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic stiffening is strongly associated with both aging and hypertension, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that aging-induced aortic stiffness is mediated by a mechanism differing from hypertension. METHODS We conducted comprehensive in vivo and in vitro experiments using multiple rat models to dissect the different mechanisms of aortic stiffening mediated by aging and hypertension. RESULTS A time-course study in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) normotensive rats showed more pronounced aging-associated aortic stiffening in SHR versus WKY. Angiotensin II-induced hypertension was associated with more significant aortic stiffening in older versus young WKY rats. Hypertension aggravated aging effects on aortic wall thickness and extracellular matrix content, indicating combinational effects of aging and hypertension on aortic stiffening. Intrinsic stiffness of isolated aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) increased with age in WKY rats, although no significant difference between older SHR and older WKY VSMCs was observed in 2-dimensional culture, reconstituted 3-dimensional tissues were stiffer for older SHR versus older WKY. A selective inhibitor that reduced hypertension-mediated aortic stiffening did not decrease age-related stiffening in aortic VSMCs and aortic wall. Integrin β1 and SM22 (smooth muscle-specific SM22 protein) expression were negligibly changed in WKY VSMCs during aging but were markedly increased by hypertension in older versus young WKY VSMCs. A notable shift of filamin isoforms from B to A was detected in older WKY VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate distinct mechanisms mediating aging-associated aortic VSMC and vessel stiffness, providing new insights into aortic stiffening and the pathogenesis of hypertension in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ma
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA (B.M., E.M., W.W., L.L., H.Q.).,Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences (B.M., N.Z., H.Q.), School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Elaina Melton
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA (B.M., E.M., W.W., L.L., H.Q.)
| | - Robert Wiener
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (R.W., K.D.C.)
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences (B.M., N.Z., H.Q.), School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Wenqian Wu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA (B.M., E.M., W.W., L.L., H.Q.)
| | - Lo Lai
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA (B.M., E.M., W.W., L.L., H.Q.)
| | - Charles Wang
- Department of Basic Sciences & Center for Genomics (C.W.), School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Kevin D Costa
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (R.W., K.D.C.)
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA (B.M., E.M., W.W., L.L., H.Q.).,Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences (B.M., N.Z., H.Q.), School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA
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23
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Li GY, Jiang Y, Zheng Y, Xu W, Zhang Z, Cao Y. Arterial Stiffness Probed by Dynamic Ultrasound Elastography Characterizes Waveform of Blood Pressure. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2022; 41:1510-1519. [PMID: 34995186 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2022.3141613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The clinical and economic burdens of cardiovascular diseases pose a global challenge. Growing evidence suggests an early assessment of arterial stiffness can provide insights into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains difficult to quantitatively characterize local arterial stiffness in vivo. Here we utilize guided axial waves continuously excited and detected by ultrasound to probe local blood pressures and mechanical properties of common carotid arteries simultaneously. In a pilot study of 17 healthy volunteers, we observe a ∼ 20 % variation in the group velocities of the guided axial waves (5.16 ± 0.55 m/s in systole and 4.31 ± 0.49 m/s in diastole) induced by the variation of the blood pressures. A linear relationship between the square of group velocity and blood pressure is revealed by the experiments and finite element analysis, which enables us to measure the waveform of the blood pressures by the group velocities. Furthermore, we propose a wavelet analysis-based method to extract the dispersion relations of the guided axial waves. We then determined the shear modulus by fitting the dispersion relations in diastole with the leaky Lamb wave model. The average shear modulus of all the volunteers is 166.3 ± 32.8 kPa. No gender differences are found. This study shows the group velocity and dispersion relation of the guided axial waves can be utilized to probe blood pressure and arterial stiffness locally in a noninvasive manner and thus promising for early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
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24
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Blood pressure measurements during treadmill exercise testing and the risk for the future development of atrial fibrillation. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:1496-1504. [PMID: 35444293 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-00920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a well-established risk factor for the onset and progression of atrial fibrillation (AF). Blood pressure (BP) measurements during routine exercise stress testing (EST) may identify subjects at increased risk for developing AF. We performed a retrospective analysis of treadmill EST carried out using the Bruce protocol in patients aged ≥40 years without a history of AF (n = 17,617; 42% women). BP was measured at rest, peak exercise, and 2-min recovery and analyzed for its association with the risk for developing AF. During a mean follow-up of 7 years, AF was documented in 4.5% of the patients. The incidence rate of AF per 1000 person-years increased with the rise in CHA2DS2VASc scores (3.26 for a Score=0 to 19.78 for scores ≥6). In a multivariate analysis, adjusting for risk score components and exercise capacity, systolic BP measurements taken at rest (≥130 vs. ≤110 mmHg), peak exercise (>170 vs. ≤150 mmHg), and recovery (>150 vs. ≤130 mmHg) were associated with an increased risk for AF: the hazard ratios (HRs) were 1.56 (95% CI, 1.30-1.87), 1.21 (1.01-1.45), and 1.33 (1.10-1.62), respectively. Similarly, diastolic BP measurements taken at rest (≥90 vs. <80 mmHg), peak exercise (≥100 vs. <90 mmHg), and recovery (>90 vs. ≤80 mmHg) were associated with an increased risk for AF: the HRs were 1.80 (1.36-2.38), 2.08 (1.28-3.37), and 1.56 (0.81-3.02), respectively. The association of exercise BP with AF was further observed when the BPs were analyzed as continuous variables and in subjects without a baseline diagnosis of hypertension. In conclusion, systolic and diastolic BP taken at the rest, peak exercise and recovery phases of EST may provide independent predictive information regarding future risk for developing AF.
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25
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Yang W, Sun L, He Y, Xu X, Gan L, Guo T, Yang L. Association between four-limb blood pressure differences and arterial stiffness: a cross-sectional study. Postgrad Med 2022; 134:309-315. [PMID: 35274579 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2046415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although inter-arm blood pressure difference (IAD) and inter-ankle blood pressure difference (IAND) have been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease, controversy remains. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of IAD and IAND as well as the correlation with arterial stiffness and systolic blood pressure in a large number of the Chinese population. METHODS The four-limb blood pressure, IAD, IAND, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) of 12,176 participants have been measured. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship of the increase in IAD/IAND with arterial stiffness and blood pressure. Reporting adheres to the STROBE guidelines. RESULTS In 12,176 participants, 1832 (15%) subjects had an IAD≥10 mmHg, 663 (5%) had an IAD≥15 mmHg, and 291 (2%) had an IAD≥20 mmHg. Correspondingly, 4548 (37%) had an IAND≥10 mmHg, 2706 (22%) had an IAND≥15 mmHg, and 1706 (14%) had an IAND≥20 mmHg. baPWV was significantly higher in those with an IAD≥10 mmHg (1881 ± 487 cm/s vs. 1943 ± 508 cm/s, P = 0.036) and IAND≥10 mmHg (1850 ± 476 cm/s vs. 1955 ± 509 cm/s, P = 0.000). Compared to others, those with IAD or IAND≥10 mmHg had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), higher prevalence of hypertension, larger male gender ratio, bigger body mass index, higher pulse rate and lower ABI (P < 0.001 for all). A significant association with baPWV was observed for IAND≥10 mmHg (OR = 1.117; 95%CI: 1.039-1.201; P = 0.003) not for IAD≥10 mmHg (OR = 0.771; 95%CI: 0.699-0.851; P = 0.000) in multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Limb blood pressure differences were closely related to arterial stiffness and systolic blood pressure, allowing for a more comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaocui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lulu Gan
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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26
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Saz-Lara A, Bruno RM, Cavero-Redondo I, Álvarez-Bueno C, Notario-Pacheco B, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Association Between Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure Progression With Incident Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:798934. [PMID: 35224042 PMCID: PMC8873377 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.798934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality that is classically regarded as a consequence of arterial hypertension. However, a growing number of studies have shown that arterial stiffness is involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of arterial hypertension. Thus, in this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to assess whether arterial stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are associated with incident hypertension. Methods The Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to March 30, 2021. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to compute pooled relative risk estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals of association between incident hypertension with pulse wave velocity, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Results Our findings provide a synthesis of the evidence supporting that the higher arterial stiffness (RR: 1.09; 95% CIs: 1.05, 1.12), systolic blood pressure (RR: 1.08; 95% CIs: 1.05, 1.10) and diastolic blood pressure (RR: 1.08; 95% CIs: 1.04, 1.12) are associated with incident hypertension in normotensive adult subjects, with similar independent predictive values. However, our results should be interpreted with caution because the meta-analyses performed showed considerable heterogeneity. Conclusions Our results showed that higher pulse wave velocity, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are associated with incident hypertension. These findings are of clinical importance, supporting arterial stiffness as an additional tool for the prevention of arterial hypertension and being a fundamental component to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Systematic Review Registration This study was registered in PROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=236435 (Registration number: CRD42021236435).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Saz-Lara
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Rosa María Bruno
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre-PARCC, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Pharmacology Unit, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
- Rehabilitation in Health Research Center (CIRES), Universidad de las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Iván Cavero-Redondo
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Talca, Chile
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27
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Wang C, Wu H, Xing Y, Ye Y, He F, Yin Q, Li Y, Shang F, Shyy JYJ, Yuan ZY. Endothelial-derived extracellular microRNA-92a promotes arterial stiffness by regulating phenotype changes of vascular smooth muscle cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:344. [PMID: 35013491 PMCID: PMC8748448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) plasticity are critically involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension and arterial stiffness. MicroRNAs can mediate the cellular communication between vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and neighboring cells. Here, we investigated the role of endothelial-derived extracellular microRNA-92a (miR-92a) in promoting arterial stiffness by regulating EC-VSMC communication. Serum miR-92a level was higher in hypertensive patients than controls. Circulating miR-92a level was positively correlated with pulse wave velocity (PWV), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) level, but inversely with serum nitric oxide (NO) level. In vitro, angiotensin II (Ang II)-increased miR-92a level in ECs mediated a contractile-to-synthetic phenotype change of co-cultured VSMCs. In Ang II-infused mice, locked nucleic acid-modified antisense miR-92a (LNA-miR-92a) ameliorated PWV, SBP, DBP, and impaired vasodilation induced by Ang II. LNA-miR-92a administration also reversed the increased levels of proliferative genes and decreased levels of contractile genes induced by Ang II in mouse aortas. Circulating serum miR-92a level and PWV were correlated in these mice. These findings indicate that EC miR-92a may be transported to VSMCs via extracellular vesicles to regulate phenotype changes of VSMCs, leading to arterial stiffness.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Arterial Pressure
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Communication
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Exosomes/genetics
- Exosomes/metabolism
- Exosomes/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/pathology
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phenotype
- Prospective Studies
- Vascular Stiffness
- Vasodilation
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Haoyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanming Xing
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulan Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an GaoXin Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangzhou He
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Yin
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujin Li
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwestern University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fenqing Shang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zu-Yi Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Louka AM, Sagris D, Ntaios G. Ιmmunity, Vascular Aging, and Stroke. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5510-5521. [PMID: 34979888 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220103101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most devastating manifestations of cardiovascular disease. Growing age, arterial hypertension, and atherosclerosis are identified as independent risk factors for stroke, primarily due to structural and functional alterations in the cerebrovascular tree. Recent data from in vitro and clinical studies have suggested that the immune system influences atherosclerosis, promoting vascular stiffness and vascular aging and contributing to ischemic stroke, intracranial haemorrhage and microbleeds, white matter disease, and cognitive decline. Furthermore, aging is related to a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, in which macrophage, neutrophils, natural killer (NK cells), and B and T lymphocytes act as major effectors of the immune-mediated cell responses. Moreover, oxidative stress and vascular inflammation are correlated with endothelial dysfunction, vascular aging, blood-brain barrier disruption, lacunar lesions, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review discusses the pathophysiological roles of fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging, including the complex interplay between them and innate immunity, as well as vascular dysfunction, arterial stiffness, atherosclerosis, atherothrombosis, systemic inflammation, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Louka
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa Greece
| | - Dimitrios Sagris
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa Greece
| | - George Ntaios
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa Greece
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29
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Eriksson MD, Eriksson JG, Kautiainen H, Salonen MK, Mikkola TM, Kajantie E, Wasenius N, von Bonsdorff M, Korhonen P, Laine MK. Higher carotid-radial pulse wave velocity is associated with non-melancholic depressive symptoms in men - findings from Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. Ann Med 2021; 53:531-540. [PMID: 33769182 PMCID: PMC8011688 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1904277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are major causes of global disease burden that are interrelated through mostly unknown mechanisms. We studied the relationship of melancholic and non-melancholic depressive symptoms with arterial stiffness, an important underlying mechanism of CVD. METHODS The Helsinki Birth Cohort Study recruited 683 previously extensively phenotyped subjects for this sub-study. Cross-sectional data along with responses regarding depressive symptoms were obtained for each participant. For evaluation of depressive symptoms, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)and subscales were used to measure melancholic and non-melancholic depressive symptoms. Arterial stiffness was assessed as pulse wave velocity (PWV) that was measured between the carotid and radial artery, and carotid and femoral artery. RESULTS Of the participants, 532 scored <10 on the BDI and were classified as not having depressive symptoms. Of the 151 participants that scored ≥10 on the BDI, 122 were classified as having non-melancholic depressive symptoms and 29 as having melancholic depressive symptoms. Men had higher carotid-radial PWV (crPWV) values than women (p < .001). A positive relationship between BDI scores and crPWV (p < .001) was found in men. We also found higher crPWV in men with non-melancholic depressive symptoms compared to all others. No such differences were found in women. DISCUSSION Arterial stiffness has a relationship with depressive symptoms and subtypes of depressive symptoms, at least in men. There is a significant relationship between higher PWV and non-melancholic depressive symptoms in men. Due to the intricate nature of the disease causality or directionality is impossible to infer solely based on this study. Further studies into the subtypes of depressive symptoms may be of benefit to understanding depression.KEY MESSAGESIt is known that arterial stiffness contributes to cardiovascular disease, and is associated with depression.Higher Beck Depression Inventory scores are associated with higher carotid-radial pulse wave velocity in men.Non-melancholic depressive symptoms are associated with higher carotid-radial pulse wave velocity in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia D Eriksson
- Primary Health Care Unit, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna K Salonen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health Solutions, Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuija M Mikkola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Niko Wasenius
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikaela von Bonsdorff
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Päivi Korhonen
- Department of General Practice, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Merja K Laine
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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30
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Sun J, Yuan J, Li B. SBP Is Superior to MAP to Reflect Tissue Perfusion and Hemodynamic Abnormality Perioperatively. Front Physiol 2021; 12:705558. [PMID: 34594235 PMCID: PMC8476970 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.705558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many articles have reported that intraoperative low mean artery pressure (MAP) or low systolic blood pressure (SBP) impacts on organs’ function and patients’ outcomes perioperatively. On the contrary, what type of blood pressure should be obtained still needs to be clarified. In our paper, we compared the influencing factors of MAP and SBP, and mathematical formula, arterial pulse contour calculation, and cardiovascular physiological knowledge were adopted to discuss how blood pressure can effectively reflect tissue perfusion and hemodynamic abnormality perioperatively. We concluded that MAP can reflect cardiac output change sensitively and SBP can reflect stroke volume change sensitively. Moreover, SBP can reflect the early hemodynamic changes, organs’ perfusion, and heart systolic function. Compared with MAP, perioperative monitoring of SBP and timely detection and treatment of abnormal SBP are very important for the early detection of hemodynamic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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31
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Lester GR, Abiusi FS, Bodner ME, Mittermaier PM, Cote AT. The Impact of Fitness Status on Vascular and Baroreceptor Function in Healthy Women and Men. J Vasc Res 2021; 59:16-23. [PMID: 34571505 DOI: 10.1159/000518985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic endurance exercise training elicits desirable physiological adaptations in the cardiovascular system. The volume of exercise training required to generate healthy adaptations is unclear. This study assessed the effects of differing exercise training levels on arterial stiffness, compliance, and autonomic function. METHODS Eighty healthy adults (38.5 ± 9.7 years; 44% female) defined as endurance-trained (ET, n = 29), normally active (NA, n = 27), or inactive (IN, n = 24) participated. Cardiovascular markers, including hemodynamics, large arterial compliance and small arterial compliance (LAC and SAC), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), and spontaneous baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) were assessed. RESULTS ET showed significantly greater LAC values (21.4 ± 6.5) than NA (16.9 ± 2.5; p = 0.002) and IN (14.7 ± 3.2 mL × mm Hg × 10; p = 0.028). Values for SAC and BRS were significantly higher in ET than IN (p < 0.001 and p = 0.028, respectively), but not NA. Compared to IN, PWV values for ET and NA were significantly lower (p < 0.003). After adjusting for covariates (age, sex, and SBP), significant associations with cardiovascular fitness status were noted for all markers but BRS. CONCLUSION Endurance exercise increases LAC likely due to high-volume training; however, lower volumes of physical activity may be sufficient to positively benefit vascular health overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth R Lester
- Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Francesca S Abiusi
- Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael E Bodner
- School of Human Kinetics, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter M Mittermaier
- Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anita T Cote
- School of Human Kinetics, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Islam SJ, Beydoun N, Mehta A, Kim JH, Ko YA, Jin Q, Baltrus P, Topel ML, Liu C, Mujahid MS, Vaccarino V, Sims M, Ejaz K, Searles C, Dunbar SB, Lewis TT, Taylor HA, Pemu P, Quyyumi AA. Association of physical activity with arterial stiffness among Black adults. Vasc Med 2021; 27:13-20. [PMID: 34549642 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x211032725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is a precursor for the development of hypertension and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical activity has been associated with lower arterial stiffness among largely White populations, but the types of activity required and whether these findings apply to Black adults remain unknown. We examined whether physical activity levels were associated with arterial stiffness among Black adults in two independent cohorts. In the Morehouse-Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) Center for Health Equity, 378 Black adults (age 52.8 ± 10.3, 39.7% male) without known CVD living in Atlanta, GA were recruited. Arterial stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity (PWV). Total and domain-specific physical activity were assessed by self-report. Multiple linear regression models were used to investigate differences across physical activity levels after adjusting for age, sex, CVD risk factors, and socioeconomic status. Findings were validated in an independent cohort of Black adults (n = 55, age 50.4 ± 9.2, 23.6% male). After adjustment for covariates, lower arterial stiffness was associated with higher self-reported levels of sport/exercise (6.92 ± 1.13 vs 7.75 ± 1.14, p < 0.001, highest vs lowest quartile) and home/life activities (7.34 ± 1.24 vs 7.73 ± 1.07, p = 0.04, highest vs lowest quartile), but not work, active living, or the overall physical activity scores. These findings were replicated in the independent cohort where higher levels of sport/exercise remained associated with lower arterial stiffness (6.66 ± 0.57 vs 8.21 ± 0.66, p < 0.001, highest vs lowest quartile). Higher levels of sport/exercise and home/life-related physical activities (in comparison to occupational physical activity) are associated with lower arterial stiffness in Black adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabatun J Islam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nour Beydoun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anurag Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeong Hwan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qingchun Jin
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peter Baltrus
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,National Center for Primary Care, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew L Topel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mahasin S Mujahid
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Kiran Ejaz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles Searles
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sandra B Dunbar
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tené T Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Herman A Taylor
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Priscilla Pemu
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Gharipour M, Mani A, Amini Baghbahadorani M, de Souza Cardoso CK, Jahanfar S, Sarrafzadegan N, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9949. [PMID: 34576113 PMCID: PMC8470616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate of aging has increased globally during recent decades and has led to a rising burden of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). At the molecular level, epigenetic modifications have been shown recently to alter gene expression during the life course and impair cellular function. In this regard, several CVD risk factors, such as lifestyle and environmental factors, have emerged as key factors in epigenetic modifications within the cardiovascular system. In this study, we attempted to summarized recent evidence related to epigenetic modification, inflammation response, and CVD in older adults as well as the effect of lifestyle modification as a preventive strategy in this age group. Recent evidence showed that lifestyle and environmental factors may affect epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and miRNA expression. Several substances or nutrients such as selenium, magnesium, curcumin, and caffeine (present in coffee and some teas) could regulate epigenetics. Similarly, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, air pollutants, psychological stress, and shift working are well-known modifiers of epigenetic patterns. Understanding the exact ways that lifestyle and environmental factors could affect the expression of genes could help to influence the time of incidence and severity of aging-associated diseases. This review highlighted that a healthy lifestyle throughout the life course, such as a healthy diet rich in fibers, vitamins, and essential elements, and specific fatty acids, adequate physical activity and sleep, smoking cessation, and stress control, could be useful tools in preventing epigenetic changes that lead to impaired cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Gharipour
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Arya Mani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Mona Amini Baghbahadorani
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso
- School of Social Sciences and Health, Nutrition Course, Pontifical Catholic University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-010, Brazil;
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MI 02111, USA;
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
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34
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Qu G, Zhang Z, Zhu H. Association Between Blood Pressure Control and Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Patients with Hypertension. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e931414. [PMID: 34420028 PMCID: PMC8388207 DOI: 10.12659/msm.931414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The severity of arterial stiffness can be evaluated by pulse wave velocity (PWV). This study investigated the association between blood pressure (BP) control and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and elderly Chinese patients with hypertension. Material/Methods Three hundred and twelve hypertensive patients were divided according to whether their hypertension was well-controlled or uncontrolled and stratified according to age. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The effect of BP control on arterial stiffness and its severity was assessed by multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses. Results Moderate and severe arterial stiffness was detected significantly more often in patients with uncontrolled hypertension than in those with well-controlled hypertension, regardless of age. BaPWV increased by 8.467 cm/s in the study population overall for every 1-mmHg increment in systolic BP and by 8.584, 8.616, and 8.199 cm/s, respectively, in patients aged 45–65, 65–80, and ≥80 years. Regardless of age, the risk of arterial stiffness was 5.93 times higher (95% confidence interval 2.78–12.64) and the risk of a one-grade increase in the severity of arterial stiffness was 4.01 times higher (95% confidence interval 2.51–6.42) in patients with uncontrolled hypertension than in those with well-controlled hypertension. Conclusions This study found a positive relationship between baPWV and BP and identified uncontrolled BP as a risk factor for arterial stiffness and its severity. Management of BP within a reasonable range may help to ameliorate arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyue Qu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhongying Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
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35
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Clayton ZS, Hutton DA, Brunt VE, VanDongen NS, Ziemba BP, Casso AG, Greenberg NT, Mercer AN, Rossman MJ, Campisi J, Melov S, Seals DR. Apigenin restores endothelial function by ameliorating oxidative stress, reverses aortic stiffening, and mitigates vascular inflammation with aging. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H185-H196. [PMID: 34114892 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00118.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the efficacy of oral supplementation with the flavanoid apigenin on arterial function during aging and identified critical mechanisms of action. Young (6 mo) and old (27 mo) C57BL/6N mice (model of arterial aging) consumed drinking water containing vehicle (0.2% carboxymethylcellulose; 10 young and 7 old) or apigenin (0.5 mg/mL in vehicle; 10 young and 9 old) for 6 wk. In vehicle-treated animals, isolated carotid artery endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD), bioassay of endothelial function, was impaired in old versus young (70% ± 9% vs. 92% ± 1%, P < 0.0001) due to reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Old mice had greater arterial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress (higher nitrotyrosine) associated with greater nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (oxidant enzyme) and lower superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 (antioxidant enzymes); ex vivo administration of Tempol (antioxidant) restored EDD to young levels, indicating ROS-mediated suppression of EDD. Old animals also had greater aortic stiffness as indicated by higher aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV, 434 ± 9 vs. 346 ± 5 cm/s, P < 0.0001) due to greater intrinsic aortic wall stiffness associated with lower elastin levels and higher collagen, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and proinflammatory cytokine abundance. In old mice, apigenin restored EDD (96% ± 2%) by increasing NO bioavailability, normalized arterial ROS, oxidative stress, and antioxidant expression, and abolished ROS inhibition of EDD. Moreover, apigenin prevented foam cell formation in vitro (initiating step in atherosclerosis) and mitigated age-associated aortic stiffening (PWV 373 ± 5 cm/s) by normalizing aortic intrinsic wall stiffness, collagen, elastin, AGEs, and inflammation. Thus, apigenin is a promising therapeutic for arterial aging.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study provides novel evidence that oral apigenin supplementation can reverse two clinically important indicators of arterial dysfunction with age, namely, vascular endothelial dysfunction and large elastic artery stiffening, and prevents foam cell formation in an established cell culture model of early atherosclerosis. Importantly, our results provide extensive insight into the biological mechanisms of apigenin action, including increased nitric oxide bioavailability, normalization of age-related increases in arterial ROS production and oxidative stress, reversal of age-associated aortic intrinsic mechanical wall stiffening and adverse remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and suppression of vascular inflammation. Given that apigenin is commercially available as a dietary supplement in humans, these preclinical findings provide the experimental basis for future translational studies assessing the potential of apigenin to treat arterial dysfunction and reduce cardiovascular disease risk with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - David A Hutton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Vienna E Brunt
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Nicholas S VanDongen
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Brian P Ziemba
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Abigail G Casso
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Nathan T Greenberg
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Amanda N Mercer
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Matthew J Rossman
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California.,Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
| | - Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | - Douglas R Seals
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
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36
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Liu W, Chen Z, Ortega D, Liu X, Huang X, Wang L, Chen L, Sun J, Hatsukami TS, Yuan C, Li H, Yang J. Arterial elasticity, endothelial function and intracranial vascular health: A multimodal MRI study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:1390-1397. [PMID: 33081567 PMCID: PMC8142128 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20956950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular dysfunctions, including arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction, are prevalent in hypertensive subjects. We aimed to study their relations to subclinical intracranial vascular health in this study. A total of 200 older hypertensive males without overt cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases were recruited. Arterial elasticity was measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and endothelial function was measured as digital reactive hyperemia index (RHI). Cerebrovascular health was evaluated using MRI in four aspects: intracranial atherosclerosis, brain perfusion as cerebral blood flow (CBF), vascular rarefaction analyzed as visible arterial branches on angiography using a custom-developed analysis technique and small vessel disease measured as white matter hyperintensity (WMH). There was a significant negative association between cfPWV and CBF, suggesting a link between arterial stiffness and CBF decline. Higher cfPWV was also associated with presence of intracranial stenotic plaque and greater WMH volume. RHI was positively related to CBF, indicating that endothelial dysfunction was associated with reduced CBF. All the associations remained significant after adjustment for confounding variables. Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are associated with reduced brain perfusion in older hypertensive males. Arterial stiffness is also associated with global cerebral vascular injury, affecting both small and medium-to-large arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zhensen Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dakota Ortega
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xuebing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Huang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas S Hatsukami
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chun Yuan
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Haige Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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37
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Jadidi M, Poulson W, Aylward P, MacTaggart J, Sanderfer C, Marmie B, Pipinos M, Kamenskiy A. Calcification prevalence in different vascular zones and its association with demographics, risk factors, and morphometry. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H2313-H2323. [PMID: 33961507 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00040.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular events, but its prevalence in different vascular zones and the influence of demographics, risk factors, and morphometry remain insufficiently understood. Computerized tomography angiography scans from 211 subjects 5-93 yr old (mean age 47 ± 24 yr, 127 M/84 F) were used to build 3D vascular reconstructions and measure arterial diameters, tortuosity, and calcification volumes in six vascular zones spanning from the ascending thoracic aorta to the pelvic arteries. A machine learning random forest algorithm was used to determine the associations between calcification in each zone with demographics, risk factors, and vascular morphometry. Calcification appeared during the fourth decade of life and was present in all subjects after 65 yr. The abdominal aorta and the iliofemoral segment were the first to develop calcification, whereas the ascending thoracic aorta was the last. Demographics and risk factors explained 33-59% of the variation in calcification. Age, creatinine level, body mass index, coronary artery disease, and hypertension were the strongest contributors, whereas the effects of sex, race, tobacco use, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and alcohol and substance use disorders on calcification were small. Vascular morphometry did not directly and independently affect calcium burden. Vascular zones develop calcification asynchronously, with distal segments calcifying first. Understanding the influence of demographics and risk factors on calcium prevalence can help better understand the disease pathophysiology and may help with the early identification of patients that are at higher risk of cardiovascular events.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the prevalence of vascular calcification in different zones of the aorta and pelvic arteries using computerized tomography angiography reconstructions and have applied machine learning to determine how calcification is affected by demographics, risk factors, and morphometry. The presented data can help identify patients at higher risk of developing vascular calcification that may lead to cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Jadidi
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - William Poulson
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Paul Aylward
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jason MacTaggart
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Christian Sanderfer
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Blake Marmie
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Margarita Pipinos
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Alexey Kamenskiy
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
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38
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Wang Y, Gharahi H, Grobbel MR, Rao A, Roccabianca S, Baek S. Potential damage in pulmonary arterial hypertension: An experimental study of pressure-induced damage of pulmonary artery. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:579-589. [PMID: 32589778 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is associated with elevated pulmonary arterial pressure. PAH prognosis remains poor with a 15% mortality rate within 1 year, even with modern clinical management. Previous clinical studies proposed wall shear stress (WSS) to be an important hemodynamic factor affecting cell mechanotransduction, growth and remodeling, and disease progress in PAH. However, WSS in vivo is typically at most 2.5 Pa and a doubt has been cast whether WSS alone can drive disease progress. Furthermore, our current understanding of PAH pathology largely comes from small animals' studies in which caliber enlargement, a hallmark of PAH in humans, is rarely reported. Therefore, a large-animal experiment on pulmonary arteries (PAs) is needed to validate whether increased pressure can induce enlargement of PAs caliber. In this study, we use an inflation testing device to characterize the mechanical behavior, both nonlinear elastic behavior and irreversible damage of porcine arteries. The parameters of elastic behavior are estimated from the inflation test at a low-pressure range before and after over-pressurization. Then, histological images are qualitatively examined for medial and adventitial layers. This study sheds light on the relevance of pressure-induced damage mechanism in human PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Hamidreza Gharahi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Marissa R Grobbel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Akshay Rao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sara Roccabianca
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Seungik Baek
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Maleckis K, Kamenskiy A, Lichter EZ, Oberley-Deegan R, Dzenis Y, MacTaggart J. Mechanically tuned vascular graft demonstrates rapid endothelialization and integration into the porcine iliac artery wall. Acta Biomater 2021; 125:126-137. [PMID: 33549808 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical properties of vascular grafts likely play important roles in healing and tissue regeneration. Healthy arteries are compliant at low pressures but stiffen rapidly with increasing load, ensuring sufficient volumetric expansion without overstretching the vessel. Commercial synthetic vascular grafts are stiff and unable to expand under physiologic loads, which may result in altered hemodynamics, deleterious cellular responses, and compromised clinical performance. The goal of this study was to develop an Elastomeric Nanofibrillar Graft (ENG) with artery-tuned nonlinear compliance and compare its healing responses to conventional expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts in a porcine iliac artery model. Human and porcine iliac arteries were mechanically characterized, and an ENG with similar properties was created by utilizing residual strains within electrospun nanofibers. The ENG was tested for implantation suitability and implanted onto n = 5 domestic swine iliac arteries, with control ePTFE grafts implanted onto the contralateral iliac arteries. After two weeks in vivo, all iliac arteries and grafts remained patent with no signs of thrombosis or dilation. The mechanically tuned ENG implants exhibited a more confluent CD31-positive cell monolayer (1.53 ± 0.73 µm2/mm vs 0.52 ± 0.55 µm2/mm, p = 0.042) on the graft lumenal surface and a higher fraction of αSMA-positive cells (16.2 ± 8.6% vs 1.4 ± 0.7%, p = 0.018) within the graft wall than the ePTFE controls. Despite heavy cellular infiltration, the ENG retained its artery-like mechanical characteristics after two weeks in vivo. These short-term results demonstrate potential advantages of mechanically tuned biomimetic vascular grafts over standard ePTFE grafts. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Off-the-shelf synthetic vascular grafts are often the only option available for treating advanced stages of vascular disease. Despite significant efforts devoted to improving their biochemical characteristics, synthetic peripheral arterial grafts continue to demonstrate poor clinical outcomes leading to costly reinterventions. Here, we hypothesized that a synthetic vascular graft with elastomeric mechanical properties tuned to a healthy peripheral artery promotes better healing responses than a synthetic stiff graft. To test this hypothesis, we developed an Elastomeric Nanofibrillar Graft (ENG) with artery-tuned mechanical properties and compared its performance to a commercial ePTFE graft in a preclinical porcine iliac artery model. Our results suggest that mechanically tuned ENGs can offer better healing responses, potentially leading to better clinical outcomes for peripheral arterial repairs.
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40
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Saz-Lara A, Cavero-Redondo I, Álvarez-Bueno C, Notario-Pacheco B, Reina-Gutiérrez S, Sequí-Domínguez I, Ruiz JR, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. What type of physical exercise should be recommended for improving arterial stiffness on adult population? A network meta-analysis. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021; 20:696-716. [PMID: 33837399 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Physical exercise has been associated with a reduction in arterial stiffness, a subclinical process underlying cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of different types of exercise (aerobic, resistance, combined, interval training, stretching, or mind-body modalities) on arterial stiffness is unclear. This network meta-analysis aimed to examine the effectiveness of different types of exercise on arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, MEDLINE (via Pubmed), Embase, and Web of Science databases, for randomized clinical trials including at least a comparison group, from their inception to 30 June 2020. A frequentist network meta-analysis was performed to compare the effect of different types of physical exercise on arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity. Finally, 35 studies, with a total of 1125 participants for exercise intervention and 633 participants for the control group, were included. In the pairwise meta-analyses, the exercises that improved arterial stiffness were: interval training [effect size (ES) 0.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01-0.73], aerobic exercise (ES 0.30; 95% CI 0.13-0.48) and combined exercise (ES 0.22; 95% CI 0.04-0.40). Furthermore, the network meta-analysis showed that mind-body interventions were the most effective type of exercise to reduce the pulse wave velocity (ES 0.86; 95% CI 0.04-1.69). In addition, combined exercise (ES 0.35; 95% CI 0.08-0.62), aerobic exercise (ES 0.33; 95% CI 0.09-0.57), and interval training (ES 0.33; 95% CI 0.02-0.64) showed significant improvements. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that aerobic exercise, combined exercise, interval training, and mind-body exercises were the most effective exercise modalities for reducing arterial stiffness, assuming an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Saz-Lara
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16171 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16171 Cuenca, Spain.,Rehabilitation in Health Research Center (CIRES), Universidad de las Americas, Av. República 71, Santiago, Chile
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16171 Cuenca, Spain.,Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Mayor Sebastián Bullo, 001518 Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Blanca Notario-Pacheco
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16171 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Sara Reina-Gutiérrez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16171 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Irene Sequí-Domínguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16171 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Activity and Sports Education, Sport and Health, University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Crta Alfacar s/n. 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16171 Cuenca, Spain.,Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Talca, Chile
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Wexler Y, Avivi I, Barak Lanciano S, Haber Kaptsenel E, Bishara H, Palacci H, Chaiat C, Nussinovitch U. Familial tendency for hypertension is associated with increased vascular stiffness. J Hypertens 2021; 39:627-632. [PMID: 33186318 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death. New methods for early detection of hypertension and its consequences can reduce complications arising from uncontrolled hypertension. Pulse-wave velocity (PWV), a measure of arterial stiffness, has been recognized as a valuable tool in assessing risk for cardiovascular complications, although its use in clinical practice is currently limited. Here we examine whether brachial--ankle PWV (baPWV) and femoral--ankle PWV (faPWV) are elevated in nonhypertensive volunteers, with and without a history of familial hypertension. METHODS Volunteers were recruited and questioned as to their medical background and family history. Participants were divided into two groups based on history of familial hypertension and were measured for baPWV and faPWV. Carotid--femoral PWV was computed from these measurements. RESULTS A total of 82 healthy nonhypertensive volunteers (mean age 31.4 ± 9.6) were recruited. Among the study cohort, 43.7% had a history of familial hypertension. There were no between-group differences in any other clinical or demographic characteristics. Both baPWV and faPWV were significantly elevated in volunteers with a history of familial hypertension (10.86 ± 1.69 vs. 9.68 ± 1.52 m/s, P < 0.004, and 7.01 ± 1.65 vs. 6.28 ± 1.26 m/s, P < 0.028, respectively). CONCLUSION Volunteers with a history of familial hypertension present with elevated baPWV and faPWV. This is suggestive of increased central and peripheral arterial stiffness in susceptible individuals before the onset of hypertension. Routine measurement of these parameters may allow for early intervention and risk stratification, especially in persons with a history of familial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehuda Wexler
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, Haifa
| | - Ishay Avivi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | | | | | - Hana Bishara
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Hagar Palacci
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Chen Chaiat
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Udi Nussinovitch
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Applicative Cardiovascular Research Center (ACRC) and Department of Cardiology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
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42
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Gul M, Inci S, Aktas H, Yildirim O, Alsancak Y, Ozkan N. Dynamic changes in aortic stiffness after substantial weight loss by laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in patients with obesity: a 1-year follow-up study. J Investig Med 2021; 69:1168-1174. [PMID: 33771842 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-001778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness has been identified as a powerful and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of aortic stiffness (AS) and adverse cardiovascular events. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of weight loss after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on AS in individuals with morbid obesity by using the transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).A total of 53 patients with obesity (17 males, 36 females) who underwent LSG and did not have any known heart disease were included in the study. The AS parameters were measured with TTE. The demographic and echocardiographic data of the patients were studied before, at 1 month and 12 months after surgery.The mean age of the study group was 34.41±11.62, 68% of whom were female. There were no significant differences in terms of the standard echocardiography and Doppler measurements as compared with preoperative values (all p>0.05). When the elastic parameters of the aorta were compared, no significant differences were detected regarding aortic strain (%) ((16.28±4.11) vs (16.68±4.56), p=(0.998)), distensibility (cm2/dyn) ((6.74±1.78) vs (7.03±2.31), p=(0.997)) and Aortic Stiffness Index values ((10.73±3.84) vs (10.63±3.34), p=0.998) between baseline and first month after surgery. In the 12-month follow-up, it was determined that the aortic strain ((16.28±4.11) vs (22.74±5.79), p≤0.001) and distensibility ((6.74±1.78) vs (10.34±3.059), p<0.001)) values increased at significant levels.Weight loss by LSG improves arterial stiffness parameters in patients with obesity over a 1-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Gul
- Department of Cardiology, Aksaray University, School of Medicine, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Sinan Inci
- Department of Cardiology, Aksaray University, School of Medicine, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Halil Aktas
- Department of Cardiology, Aksaray University, School of Medicine, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Oguz Yildirim
- Department of Cardiology, Aksaray Education and Research Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Yakup Alsancak
- Department of Cardiology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Namik Ozkan
- Department of General Surgery, Aksaray University, School of Medicine, Aksaray, Turkey
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Clayton ZS, Brunt VE, Hutton DA, Casso AG, Ziemba BP, Melov S, Campisi J, Seals DR. Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Mediated Inflammation and Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix Underlies Aortic Stiffening Induced by the Common Chemotherapeutic Agent Doxorubicin. Hypertension 2021; 77:1581-1590. [PMID: 33719511 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado (Z.S.C., V.E.B., D.A.H., A.G.C., B.P.Z., D.R.S.)
| | - Vienna E Brunt
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado (Z.S.C., V.E.B., D.A.H., A.G.C., B.P.Z., D.R.S.)
| | - David A Hutton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado (Z.S.C., V.E.B., D.A.H., A.G.C., B.P.Z., D.R.S.)
| | - Abigail G Casso
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado (Z.S.C., V.E.B., D.A.H., A.G.C., B.P.Z., D.R.S.)
| | - Brian P Ziemba
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado (Z.S.C., V.E.B., D.A.H., A.G.C., B.P.Z., D.R.S.)
| | - Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA (S.M., J.C.)
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA (S.M., J.C.).,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA (J.C.)
| | - Douglas R Seals
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado (Z.S.C., V.E.B., D.A.H., A.G.C., B.P.Z., D.R.S.)
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C-type natriuretic peptide-induced relaxation through cGMP-dependent protein kinase and SERCA activation is impaired in two kidney-one clip rat aorta. Life Sci 2021; 272:119223. [PMID: 33610574 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypertension underlies endothelial dysfunction, and activation of vasorelaxation signaling with low dependence on nitric oxide (NO) represents a good alternative for vascular modulation. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) causes relaxation by increasing cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) or Gi-protein activation through its natriuretic peptide receptor-B or -C, respectively. We have hypothesized that CNP could exerts its effects and could overcome endothelial dysfunction in two kidney-one clip (2K-1C) hypertensive rat aorta. Here, we investigate the intracellular signaling involved in CNP effects in hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 2K-1C hypertension was induced in male Wistar rats (200 g). CNP-induced vascular relaxation and cGMP production were investigated in rat thoracic aortas. The natriuretic peptide receptor-B and -C localization was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Calcium mobilization was assessed in endothelial cells from rat aortas. KEY FINDINGS CNP induced similar relaxation in normotensive and 2K-1C hypertensive rat aortas, which increased after endothelium removal. CNP-induced relaxation involved natriuretic peptide receptor-B and -C activation in 2K-1C rats. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) counter-regulated CNP-particulate GC (pGC) activation in aortas. CNP reduced endothelial calcium and increased cGMP production, which was lower in 2K-1C. CNP-induced cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activation was impaired in 2K-1C rat aorta. SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicated CNP triggered relaxation through its natriuretic peptide receptor-B and -C in 2K-1C rat aortas, and that CNP-induced relaxation overcomes endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. In addition, NOS and sGC activities counter-regulate CNP-pGC activation to induce vascular relaxation.
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45
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Kawamoto M, Yamada SI, Gibo T, Kajihara R, Nagashio S, Tanaka H, Yajima J, Takizawa A, Kondo E, Sakai H, Kaneko T, Uehara T, Kurita H. Relationship between dry mouth and hypertension. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5217-5225. [PMID: 33594468 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Salivary dysfunction, such as reduced salivary flow and an altered salivary composition, is caused by several diseases, medical conditions, and medications. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the relationship between hypertension and morphological changes in the submandibular glands. MATERIALS AND METHODS An epidemiological study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between hypertension and dry mouth. The effects of hypertension on morphological changes and the intima thickness of arteries in the submandibular glands were histopathologically investigated. RESULTS Among 1933 subjects in the epidemiological study, 155 (8.0%) had dry mouth. A multivariate analysis revealed that dry mouth correlated with age (p < 0.001), sex (p < 0.001), and hypertension (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the size of the submandibular glands between patients with or without hypertension. The average area of acinar cells was smaller in patients with than in those without hypertension (0.366 ± 0.153 vs. 0.465 ± 0.178, p < 0.05). The arteriosclerotic index was significantly higher in patients with than in those without hypertension (0.304 ± 0.034 vs 0.475 ± 0.053, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Hypertension may contribute to the degeneration of the submandibular glands by decreasing the number of acinar cells and promoting fatty infiltration and stenosis of the arteries. CLINICAL RELEVANCE There may be a correlation between hypertension and the degeneration of the submandibular glands by decreasing the number of acinar cells and promoting fatty infiltration and stenosis of the arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Kawamoto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Takahiko Gibo
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Ryo Kajihara
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Sachiho Nagashio
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, JA Nagano Koseiren Kakeyu-Misayama Rehabilitation Center Kakeyu Hospital, Ueda, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tanaka
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Junichi Yajima
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, North Alps Medical Center Azumi Hospital, Ikeda, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takizawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu Ueda Medical Center, Ueda, Japan
| | - Eiji Kondo
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hironori Sakai
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kaneko
- Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uehara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
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Miotto DS, Dionizio A, Jacomini AM, Zago AS, Buzalaf MAR, Amaral SL. Identification of Aortic Proteins Involved in Arterial Stiffness in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated With Perindopril:A Proteomic Approach. Front Physiol 2021; 12:624515. [PMID: 33679438 PMCID: PMC7928294 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.624515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness, frequently associated with hypertension, is associated with disorganization of the vascular wall and has been recognized as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. The identification of the molecular mechanisms involved in aortic stiffness would be an emerging target for hypertension therapeutic intervention. This study evaluated the effects of perindopril on pulse wave velocity (PWV) and on the differentially expressed proteins in aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), using a proteomic approach. SHR and Wistar rats were treated with perindopril (SHRP) or water (SHRc and Wistar rats) for 8 weeks. At the end, SHRC presented higher systolic blood pressure (SBP, +70%) and PWV (+31%) compared with Wistar rats. SHRP had higher values of nitrite concentration and lower PWV compared with SHRC. From 21 upregulated proteins in the aortic wall from SHRC, most of them were involved with the actin cytoskeleton organization, like Tropomyosin and Cofilin-1. After perindopril treatment, there was an upregulation of the GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which normally inhibits the RhoA/Rho-kinase/cofilin-1 pathway and may contribute to decreased arterial stiffening. In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that treatment with perindopril reduced SBP and PWV in SHR. In addition, the proteomic analysis in aorta suggested, for the first time, that the RhoA/Rho-kinase/Cofilin-1 pathway may be inhibited by perindopril-induced upregulation of GDIs or increases in NO bioavailability in SHR. Therefore, we may propose that activation of GDIs or inhibition of RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway could be a possible strategy to treat arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyelle S Miotto
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sao Carlos and São Paulo State University, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Aline Dionizio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - André M Jacomini
- Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Zago
- Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra L Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sao Carlos and São Paulo State University, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
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Sex modification of the association of the radial augmentation index and incident hypertension in a Chinese community-based population. J Geriatr Cardiol 2021; 18:39-46. [PMID: 33613658 PMCID: PMC7868911 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness, as assessed by aortic ultrasound and pulse wave velocity, is associated with incident hypertension. However, there is still no consensus on whether the augmentation index (AI) affects new onset of hypertension. This study investigated the relationship of radial AI (rAI) and incident hypertension in a Chinese community-based population without hypertension at baseline. METHOD A total of 1,615 Chinese non-hypertensive participants from an atherosclerosis cohort in Beijing, China were included in our analysis. Baseline rAI normalized to heart rate of 75 beats/min (rAIp75) was obtained using HEM-9000AI. New-onset hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or self-reported hypertension or taking anti-hypertensive medications at the follow up survey. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate the impact of rAIp75 on the risk of new-onset hypertension. RESULTS After a mean 2.35-year follow-up, 213 (13.19%) participants developed incident hypertension. No significant relation between rAIp75 and incident hypertension was observed in the whole population after adjustment for possible confounders (adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09 [0.95-1.27];P = 0.2260). However, rAIp75 was significantly associated with incident hypertension in women, but not in men (adjusted OR and 95% CI: 1.29 [1.06-1.56],P = 0.0113 for women; 0.91 [0.72-1.15],P = 0.4244 for men; P for interaction = 0.0133). CONCLUSIONS Sex modified the effect of the rAI on incident hypertension in a Chinese, community-based, non-hypertensive population. Screening of the rAI could be considered in women with a high risk of hypertension for the purpose of primary intervention.
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Chen H, Chen Y, Wu W, Cai Z, Chen Z, Yan X, Wu S. Total cholesterol, arterial stiffness, and systolic blood pressure: a mediation analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1330. [PMID: 33446746 PMCID: PMC7809132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
On the basis of 45,092 participants (mean age of 54.04 ± 13.09 years) from the Kailuan study, this study was performed to explore the relationships among total cholesterol (TC), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and quantify their separate effects. The correlations among TC, SBP, and BaPWV were analyzed using multivariate linear regression models. Mediation analysis was performed to determine whether the effect of TC on SBP can be explained by arterial stiffness. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that for every one standard deviation increase in TC and BaPWV, SBP increased by 0.33 mmHg and 0.044 mmHg, respectively; for every one standard deviation increase in TC, BaPWV increased by 5.34 cm/s. Mediation analysis showed that the TC-induced SBP elevation was mediated by arterial stiffness in more than half of the whole cohort (indirect effect, 0.73; percent mediated, 54.5%). Furthermore, the TC-induced SBP elevation was mediated by arterial stiffness in less than half of the males (indirect effect, 0.70; percent mediated, 47.9%); however, the results were not statistically significant in females. In conclusion, TC and BaPWV are positively correlated with SBP, whereas TC is positively correlated with BaPWV. Almost half of the increase in SBP contributed to TC is mediated by arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojia Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Youren Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Weiqiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zefeng Cai
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuzhu Yan
- School of Foreign Language, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063001, China.
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Sphingolipids and physical function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1169. [PMID: 33441925 PMCID: PMC7806657 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80929-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain sphingomyelins (SMs) may play an important role in the stability of myelin sheath underlying physical function. The objective of this study was to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of long-chain SMs [SM (41:1), SM (41:2), SM (43:1)] and ceramides [Cer (41:1) and Cer (43:1)] with physical function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Plasma concentrations of SM (41:1), SM (41:2), SM (43:1), Cer (41:1) and Cer (43:1) were measured in 389 ARIC participants in 2011-13. Physical function was assessed by grip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 4-m walking speed at both 2011-13 and 2016-17, and the modified Rosow-Breslau questionnaire in 2016-2017. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were performed, controlling for demographic and clinical confounders. In cross-sectional analyses, plasma concentrations of SM 41:1 were positively associated with SPPB score (β-coefficients [95% confidence internal]: 0.33 [0.02, 0.63] per 1 standard deviation [SD] increase in log-transformed concentration, p value 0.04), 4-m walking speed (0.042 m/s [0.01, 0.07], p value 0.003), and negatively with self-reported disability (odds ratio = 0.73 [0.65, 0.82], p value < 0.0001). Plasma concentrations of the five metabolites examined were not significantly associated with longitudinal changes in physical function or incidence of poor mobility. In older adults, plasma concentrations of long-chain SM 41:1 were cross-sectionally positively associated with physical function.
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50
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Abstract
: Hypertension is a worldwide known cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, renal complications and heart failure. Although the mechanisms of hypertension remain largely unknown, a recent new concept is that aortic stiffening is a cause of hypertension in middle-aged and older individuals, which highlighted the importance of aortic stiffening in the development of age-related hypertension. Understanding the pathogenesis of aortic stiffness therefore became one of the important approaches to preventing and controlling hypertension. This review discusses the recent progress of the potential causes of aortic stiffening and its implication on the pathogenesis of hypertension, in terms of aging, inflammation, metabolic syndromes, neuroendocrine and the interaction among these causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O. ONUH
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA, 30303
| | - Hongyu QIU
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA, 30303
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