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Lai M, Madden E, Shlipak MG, Scherzer R, Post WS, Vittinghoff E, Haberlen S, Brown TT, Wolinsky SM, Witt MD, Ho K, Abraham AG, Parikh CR, Budoff M, Estrella MM. Association of urine biomarkers of kidney health with subclinical cardiovascular disease among men with and without HIV. AIDS 2024; 38:465-475. [PMID: 37861689 PMCID: PMC10922264 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether urine biomarkers of kidney health are associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease among men with and without HIV. DESIGN A cross-sectional study within the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) among 504 men with and without HIV infection who underwent cardiac computed tomography scans and had urine biomarkers measured within the preceding 2 years. METHODS Our primary predictors were four urine biomarkers of endothelial (albuminuria), proximal tubule dysfunction (alpha-1-microglobulin [A1 M] and injury (kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1]) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis (pro-collagen-III N-terminal peptide [PIIINP]). These were evaluated for association with coronary artery calcium (CAC) prevalence, CAC extent, total plaque score, and total segment stenosis using multivariable regression. RESULTS Of the 504 participants, 384 were men with HIV (MWH) and 120 were men without HIV. In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, cardiovascular disease risk factors, eGFR, and HIV-related factors, each two-fold higher concentration of albuminuria was associated with a greater extent of CAC (1.35-fold higher, 95% confidence interval 1.11-1.65), and segment stenosis (1.08-fold greater, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.16). Associations were similar between MWH and men without HIV in stratified analyses. The third quartile of A1 M showed an association with greater CAC extent, total plaque score, and total segment stenosis, compared with the lowest quartile. CONCLUSION Worse endothelial and proximal tubule dysfunction, as reflected by higher urine albumin and A1 M, were associated with greater CAC extent and coronary artery stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason Lai
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
| | - Erin Madden
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
- San Francisco VA Healthcare System, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael G Shlipak
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
- San Francisco VA Healthcare System, San Francisco, California
| | - Rebecca Scherzer
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
- San Francisco VA Healthcare System, San Francisco, California
| | - Wendy S Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
| | - Sabina Haberlen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Todd T Brown
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven M Wolinsky
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mallory D Witt
- Lundquist Institute of Biomedical Research at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Ken Ho
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alison G Abraham
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Chirag R Parikh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Lundquist Institute of Biomedical Research at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Michelle M Estrella
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
- San Francisco VA Healthcare System, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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2
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Carson MY, Barinas‐Mitchell E, Maki PM, Thurston RC. Childhood Maltreatment and Arterial Stiffness Among Midlife Women. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026081. [PMID: 36314495 PMCID: PMC9673641 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Childhood maltreatment has been associated with arterial stiffness. This relationship has not been examined specifically among women at midlife, a time of increased arterial stiffness in women. This study tested whether childhood maltreatment is associated with arterial stiffness among a cohort of midlife women. Methods and Results A total of 162 nonsmoking perimenopausal and postmenopausal women free of clinical cardiovascular disease (mean age, 54 years; 72% White race, 23% Black race, and 5% Asian/Pacific Islander or Mixed race) completed the Child Trauma Questionnaire at baseline. At a follow-up visit 5 years later, blood pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (a measure of arterial stiffness) were assessed. Relationships between childhood maltreatment and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were tested in linear regression models, adjusting for time between visits, age, race and ethnicity, education, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension medication, and diastolic blood pressure. Seventy-one women (44% of the sample) met criteria for a history of childhood maltreatment. Women with a history of childhood maltreatment had higher carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (B [SE]=0.47 [0.21]; P=0.03) than women without this history, controlling for time between visits, age, race and ethnicity, education, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension medication, and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions Among these midlife women, childhood maltreatment was associated with arterial stiffness, highlighting the potential long-term cardiovascular implications of childhood maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Barinas‐Mitchell
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPA
| | - Pauline M. Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL
| | - Rebecca C. Thurston
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPA,Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPA,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
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3
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Vila MDM, Igual L, Remeseiro B, Elosua R, Ramos R, Valdivielso JM, Martí-Lluch R, Marrugat J, Grau M. Polyvascular Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Correlation Between Ankle Brachial Index and Carotid Atherosclerosis in a Population-Based Sample. Angiology 2022; 74:443-451. [PMID: 35758047 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221110720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the correlation between the biomarkers of lower limb atherosclerosis (eg, ankle-brachial index [ABI]) and of carotid atherosclerosis (eg, common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and presence of atherosclerotic plaque) in a population-based cohort from Girona (Northwest Spain) recruited in 2010. Ankle-brachial index and carotid ultrasound were performed in all participants. Generalized additive multivariable models were used to adjust a regression model of common carotid IMT on ABI. Logistic regression multivariable models were adjusted to assess the probability of carotid plaque in individuals with peripheral artery disease. We included 3307 individuals (54.2% women), mean age 60 years (standard deviation 11). Two patterns of association were observed between subclinical biomarkers of atherosclerosis at the lower limb and carotid artery. Ankle-brachial index and common carotid IMT showed a linear trend in men [beta coefficient (95% confidence interval) =-.068 (-.123; -.012); P = .016]. Women with peripheral artery disease presented with high risk of atherosclerotic plaque at the carotid artery [Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 2.61, (1.46; 4.69); P = .001]. Men showed a significant linear association between ABI levels and common carotid IMT values. Women with peripheral artery disease presented with high risk of atherosclerotic plaque at the carotid artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Vila
- Consortium for Biomedical Research - Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Barcelona, Spain.,16551IMIM - Hospital del Mar Health Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, 16724University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Igual
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, 16724University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Remeseiro
- Department of Computer Science, 16763University of Oviedo, Gijón, Spain
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Consortium for Biomedical Research - Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Barcelona, Spain.,16551IMIM - Hospital del Mar Health Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalunya, Vic, Spain
| | - Rafel Ramos
- 203271University Institute for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Girona, Spain.,Vascular Health Research Group, Research Unit in Primary Care, Catalan Institute of Health, Girona, Spain.,Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Spain
| | - Jose M Valdivielso
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group and Unit for Detection and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases (UDETMA). Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Ruth Martí-Lluch
- 203271University Institute for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Girona, Spain.,Vascular Health Research Group, Research Unit in Primary Care, Catalan Institute of Health, Girona, Spain
| | - Jaume Marrugat
- Consortium for Biomedical Research - Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Barcelona, Spain.,16551IMIM - Hospital del Mar Health Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Grau
- 16551IMIM - Hospital del Mar Health Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Serra-Hunter Fellow, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 16724University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research - Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Gomez JMD, VanHise K, Stachenfeld N, Chan JL, Merz NB, Shufelt C. Subclinical cardiovascular disease and polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2022; 117:912-923. [PMID: 35512975 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) impacts approximately 6%-10% of women worldwide, with hallmark features of hyperandrogenism, irregular menses, infertility, and polycystic appearing ovaries on ultrasound. In addition, PCOS is associated with several endocrine and metabolic disorders, including obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome, which all increase the risk for subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD), the presence of altered vascular endothelium without overt CVD. In this review, we summarize the most recent literature regarding subclinical CVD in women with PCOS, including markers such as flow-mediated dilation, arterial stiffness, coronary artery calcium scores, carotid intima-media thickness and visceral and epicardial fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Michelle D Gomez
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Katherine VanHise
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nina Stachenfeld
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jessica L Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chrisandra Shufelt
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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5
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Garcia ABA, Dardin LP, Minali PA, Trevisani VFM. Cardiovascular Effect of Physical Exercise on Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS): Randomized Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:719592. [PMID: 34660630 PMCID: PMC8514691 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.719592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effects of an exercise program on aerobic capacity, echocardiographic parameters, metabolic profile, quality of life and safety in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome in a randomized trial. Methods: 60 women with pSS were evaluated from the SF-36 Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) questionnaires. The participants performed ergospirometry and echocardiography; blood samples were collected to evaluate the metabolic profile. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: a training group that participated in the supervised training program and a control group. All variables were analyzed at baseline and after 28 weeks for both groups and we performed an intention-to-treat analysis. The training program consisted of 16 weeks of resistance exercises and, after, the exercise became aerobic. Patients and coaches were not blinded, contrary to the evaluators of all examinations/procedures and data analysts. Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon's rank sum test, chi-square test, and ANOVA test. P values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results: The 2 groups were homogeneous at baseline. The training group showed a significant improvement in oxygen maximum volume (VO2max) and anaerobic threshold (AT). Comparison of the training group and control group after 28 weeks showed a significant difference relating to VO2max and in AT. We did not find statistically significant diference in echocardiographic parameters, metabolic profile and in questionnaires SF-36 and ESSDAI. Conclusions: This study showed significant improvement in aerobic capacity and glycated hemoglobin after a supervised training program in patients with pSS with safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Paula Dardin
- Department of Medicine, Health-Based Evidence, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Alexandre Minali
- Department of Medicine, Health-Based Evidence, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Virginia Fernandes Moça Trevisani
- Department of Medicine, Health-Based Evidence, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Universidade de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Tsai HJ, Tsai WC, Hung WC, Hung WW, Chang CC, Dai CY, Tsai YC. Gut Microbiota and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082679. [PMID: 34444839 PMCID: PMC8397936 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The gut microbiota may contribute to the onset and progression of T2D and CVD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the gut microbiota and subclinical CVD in T2D patients. This cross-sectional study used echocardiographic data to evaluate the cardiac structure and function in T2D patients. We used a quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure the abundances of targeted fecal bacterial species that have been associated with T2D, including Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Clostridium leptum group, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Escherichia coli. A total of 155 subjects were enrolled (mean age 62.9 ± 10.1 years; 57.4% male and 42.6% female). Phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and genera Bacteroides were positively correlated with the left ventricular ejection fraction. Low levels of phylum Firmicutes were associated with an increased risk of left ventricular hypertrophy. High levels of both phylum Bacteroidetes and genera Bacteroides were negatively associated with diastolic dysfunction. A high phylum Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and low level of genera Bacteroides were correlated with an increased left atrial diameter. Phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, the F/B ratio, and the genera Bacteroides were associated with variations in the cardiac structure and systolic and diastolic dysfunction in T2D patients. These findings suggest that changes in the gut microbiome may be the potential marker of the development of subclinical CVD in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan;
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chun Hung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Wei-Wen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Chia Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101-5029; Fax: +886-7-3122810
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7
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Doria de Vasconcellos H, Post WS, Ervin AM, Haberlen SA, Budoff M, Malvestutto C, Magnani JW, Feinstein MJ, Brown TT, Lima JAC, Wu KC. Associations Between HIV Serostatus and Cardiac Structure and Function Evaluated by 2-Dimensional Echocardiography in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019709. [PMID: 33749311 PMCID: PMC8174316 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.019709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate whether there are differences in cardiac structure and systolic and diastolic function evaluated by 2‐dimensional echocardiography among men living with versus without HIV in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. Methods and Results We performed a cross‐sectional analysis of 1195 men from MACS (Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study) who completed a transthoracic echocardiogram examination between 2017 and 2019. Associations between HIV serostatus and echocardiographic indices were assessed by multivariable regression analyses, adjusting for demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. Among men who are HIV+, associations between HIV disease severity markers and echocardiographic parameters were also investigated. Average age was 57.1±11.9 years; 29% of the participants were Black, and 55% were HIV+. Most men who were HIV+ (77%) were virally suppressed; 92% received combination antiretroviral therapy. Prevalent left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction <50%) was low and HIV serostatus was not associated with left ventricular ejection fraction. Multivariable adjustment models showed that men who were HIV+ versus those who were HIV− had greater LV mass index and larger left atrial diameter and right ventricular (RV) end‐diastolic area; lower RV function; and higher prevalence of diastolic dysfunction. Higher current CD4+ T cell count ≥400 cell/mm3 versus <400 was associated with smaller LV diastolic volume and RV area. Virally suppressed men who were HIV+ versus those who were HIV− had higher indexed LV mass and left atrial areas and greater diastolic dysfunction. Conclusions HIV seropositivity was independently associated with greater LV mass index, left atrial and RV sizes, lower RV function and diastolic abnormalities, but not left ventricular ejection fraction, which may herald a future predisposition to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among men living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy S Post
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD.,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD
| | | | | | - Matthew Budoff
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Los Angeles CA
| | | | | | - Matthew J Feinstein
- Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL
| | - Todd T Brown
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Katherine C Wu
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
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8
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Samargandy S, Matthews KA, Brooks MM, Barinas-Mitchell E, Magnani JW, Janssen I, Kazlauskaite R, Khoudary SRE. Abdominal visceral adipose tissue over the menopause transition and carotid atherosclerosis: the SWAN heart study. Menopause 2021; 28:626-633. [PMID: 33651741 PMCID: PMC8141004 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) trajectory relative to the final menstrual period (FMP), and to test whether menopause-related VAT accumulation is associated with greater average, common carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and/or internal carotid artery intima-media thickness (ICA-IMT). METHODS Participants were 362 women (at baseline: age was (mean ± SD) 51.1 ± 2.8 y; 61% White, 39% Black) with no cardiovascular disease from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Heart study. Women had up to two measurements of VAT and cIMT over time. Splines revealed a nonlinear trajectory of VAT with two inflection points demarcating three time segments: segment 1: >2 years before FMP; segment 2: 2 years before FMP to FMP; and segment 3: after FMP. Piecewise-linear random-effects models estimated changes in VAT. Random-effects models tested associations of menopause-related VAT with each cIMT measure separately. Estimates were adjusted for age at FMP, body mass index, and sociodemographic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. RESULTS VAT increased significantly by 8.2% (95% CI: 4.1%-12.5%) and 5.8% (3.7%-7.9%) per year in segments 2 and 3, respectively, with no significant change in VAT within segment 1. VAT predicted greater ICA-IMT in segment 2, such that a 20% greater VAT was associated with a 2.0% (0.8%-3.1%) greater ICA-IMT. VAT was not an independent predictor of ICA-IMT in the other segments or of the other cIMT measures after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS Women experience an accelerated increase in VAT starting 2 years before menopause. This menopause-related increase in VAT is associated with greater risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in the internal carotid artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Samargandy
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Maria M. Brooks
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Jared W. Magnani
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Imke Janssen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, IL
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9
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Chiu LS, Pedley A, Massaro J, Benjamin EJ, Mitchell GF, McManus DD, Aragam J, Vasan RS, Cheng S, Long MT. The association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiac structure and function-Framingham Heart Study. Liver Int 2020; 40:2445-2454. [PMID: 32654390 PMCID: PMC7669676 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease confers increased risk for cardiovascular disease, including heart failure (HF), for reasons that remain unclear. Possible pathways could involve an association of liver fat with cardiac structural or functional abnormalities even after accounting for body size. METHODS We analysed N = 2356 Framingham Heart Study participants (age 52 ± 12 years, 52% women) who underwent echocardiography and standardized computed tomography measures of liver fat. RESULTS In cross-sectional multivariable regression models adjusted for age, gender, cohort and cardiovascular risk factors, liver fat was positively associated with left ventricular (LV) mass (β = 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 2.88), LV wall thickness (β = 0.01; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.02), mass volume ratio (β = 0.02; 95% CI 0.01, 0.03), mitral peak velocity (E) (β = 0.83; 95% CI 0.31, 1.36) and LV filling pressure (E/e' ratio) (β = 0.16; 95% CI 0.09, 0.23); and inversely associated with global systolic longitudinal strain (β = 0.20, 95% CI 0.07, 0.33), diastolic annular velocity (e') (β = -0.12; 95% CI - 0.22, -0.03), and E/A ratio (β = -0.01; 95% CI - 0.02, -0.00). After additional adjustment for body mass index (BMI), statistical significance was attenuated for all associations except for that of greater liver fat with increased LV filling pressure, a possible precursor to HF (β = 0.11; 95% CI 0.03, 0.18). CONCLUSION Increased liver fat was associated with multiple subclinical cardiac dysfunction measures, with most of associations mediated by obesity. Interestingly, the association of liver fat and LV filling pressure was only partially mediated by BMI, suggesting a possible direct effect of liver fat on LV filling pressure. Further confirmatory studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S. Chiu
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | - Joseph Massaro
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emelia J. Benjamin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA.,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - David D. McManus
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine and the Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester, MA
| | - Jayashri Aragam
- Cardiovascular Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA.,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michelle T. Long
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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10
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Brusca RM, Hanna DB, Wada NI, Blankson JN, Witt MD, Jacobson LP, Kingsley L, Palella FJ, Budoff M, Brown TT, Anastos K, Lazar JM, Mack WJ, Bacchetti P, Tien PC, Golzar Y, Plankey M, Golub E, Kaplan RC, Post WS. Subclinical cardiovascular disease in HIV controller and long-term nonprogressor populations. HIV Med 2020; 21:217-227. [PMID: 31729142 PMCID: PMC7069771 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elite controllers (ECs), viraemic controllers (VCs), and long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) control HIV viral replication or maintain CD4 T-cell counts without antiretroviral therapy, but may have increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk compared to HIV-uninfected persons. We evaluated subclinical carotid and coronary atherosclerosis and inflammatory biomarker levels among HIV controllers, LTNPs and noncontrollers and HIV-uninfected individuals in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). METHODS We measured carotid plaque presence and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in 1729 women and 1308 men, and the presence of coronary artery calcium and plaque in a subgroup of men. Associations between HIV control category and carotid and coronary plaque prevalences were assessed by multivariable regression analyses adjusting for demographics and CVD risk factors. Serum inflammatory biomarker concentrations [soluble CD163 (sCD163), soluble CD14 (sCD14), galectin-3 (Gal-3), galectin-3 binding protein (Gal-3BP) and interleukin (IL)-6] were measured and associations with HIV control category assessed. RESULTS We included 135 HIV controllers (30 ECs) and 135 LTNPs in the study. Carotid plaque prevalence and carotid IMT were similar in HIV controllers, LTNPs and HIV-uninfected individuals. HIV controllers and LTNPs had lower prevalences of carotid plaque compared to viraemic HIV-infected individuals. The prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis was similar in HIV controllers/LTNPs compared to HIV-uninfected and viraemic HIV-infected men. Controllers and LTNPs had higher concentrations of sCD163 and sCD14 compared to HIV-uninfected persons. CONCLUSIONS Subclinical CVD was similar in HIV controllers, LTNPs and HIV-uninfected individuals despite elevated levels of some inflammatory biomarkers. Future studies of HIV controllers and LTNPs are needed to characterize the risk of CVD among HIV-infected persons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David B. Hanna
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Nikolas I. Wada
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Mallory D. Witt
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Budoff
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Todd T. Brown
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Jason M. Lazar
- Department of Medicine, SUNY-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Wendy J. Mack
- Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Peter Bacchetti
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Phyllis C. Tien
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Michael Plankey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Elizabeth Golub
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Wendy S. Post
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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11
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Armstrong NM, Carlson MC, Schrack J, Xue QL, Carnethon MR, Rosano C, Chaves PHM, Gross AL. Late-Life Depressive Symptoms as Partial Mediators in the Associations between Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease with Onset of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 26:559-568. [PMID: 29254675 PMCID: PMC5940555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study whether depression contributes to the association between subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dementia, and identify the contribution's magnitude. METHODS Among participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study who did not have baseline CVD-related events (N = 2,450), causal mediation methodology was implemented to examine whether late-life depressive symptoms, defined as 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (mCES-D) Scale scores ≥8 from 2 to 3 years after baseline, partially mediated the association of baseline subclinical CVD (CAC, carotid intimal medial thickness, stenosis, and ankle brachial index) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/dementia onset occurring between 5 and 10 years from baseline. The total effect was decomposed into direct and indirect effects (via late-life depressive symptoms), obtained from an accelerated failure time model with weights derived from multivariable logistic regression of late-life depressive symptoms on subclinical CVD. Analyses were adjusted by baseline covariates: age, race, sex, poverty status, marital status, body mass index, smoking status, ApoE4 status, and mCES-D. RESULTS Participants contributed 20,994 person-years of follow-up with a median follow-up time of 9.4 years. Subclinical CVD was associated with 12% faster time to MCI/dementia (time ratio [TR]: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.93). The total effect of subclinical CVD on MCI/dementia onset was decomposed into a direct effect (TR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.98) and indirect effect (TR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88, 0.97); 64.5% of the total effect was mediated by late-life depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest late-life depressive symptoms partially mediate the association of subclinical CVD with MCI/dementia onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Michelle C Carlson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD; Center on Aging and Health, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jennifer Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Qian-Li Xue
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Center on Aging and Health, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mercedes R Carnethon
- Epidemiology Division, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Caterina Rosano
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Paulo H M Chaves
- Benjamin Leon Center for Geriatrics Research and Education, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Alden L Gross
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD; Center on Aging and Health, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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12
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Armstrong NM, Carlson MC, Xue QL, Schrack J, Carnethon MR, Chaves PHM, Gross AL. Role of Late-Life Depression in the Association of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease With All-Cause Mortality: Cardiovascular Health Study. J Aging Health 2017; 31:652-666. [PMID: 29254423 DOI: 10.1177/0898264317744921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether late-life depression mediates the association of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) with all-cause mortality. METHOD Using data from 3,473 Cardiovascular Health Study participants, the Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the direct and indirect (via late-life depression) effects of the association between baseline subclinical CVD and all-cause mortality with weights derived from multivariable logistic regression of late-life depression on subclinical CVD. RESULTS Subclinical CVD led to a higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.51, 95% confidence interval, [CI] = [1.42, 1.94]). Total effect of subclinical CVD on all-cause mortality was decomposed into direct (HR = 1.41, 95% CI = [1.37, 1.58]) and indirect (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = [1.01, 1.23]) effects; 16.3% of the total effect of subclinical CVD on all-cause mortality was mediated by late-life depression. DISCUSSION Late-life depression accounts for little, if any, of the association between subclinical CVD, a risk factor of all-cause mortality, and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qian-Li Xue
- 1 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Vázquez-Del Mercado M, Gomez-Bañuelos E, Chavarria-Avila E, Cardona-Muñoz E, Ramos-Becerra C, Alanis-Sanchez A, Cardona-Muller D, Grover-Paez F, Perez-Vazquez FDJ, Navarro-Hernandez RE, Valadez-Soto JM, Saldaña-Millan AA, Gonzalez-Rosas L, Ramos-Lopez G, Petri MH, Bäck M. Disease duration of rheumatoid arthritis is a predictor of vascular stiffness: a cross-sectional study in patients without known cardiovascular comorbidities: A STROBE-compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7862. [PMID: 28816989 PMCID: PMC5571726 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of disease duration on carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients without either known traditional cardiovascular risk factors or previous comorbidities.Patients with RA diagnosis attending the rheumatology outpatient clinic of Hospital Civil Juan I. Menchaca, Guadalajara, Mexico, were analyzed. A total of 106 RA patients without known traditional cardiovascular risk factors were selected. All subjects were evaluated for RA disease duration, RA disease activity score on 28 joints (DAS28), serum lipids, rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. Arterial stiffness was measured as cfPWV by noninvasive tonometry. A multivariate regression model was used to analyze the contribution of RA disease duration and age on cfPWV. cfPWV was positively correlated with age (r = 0.450, P < .001), RA disease duration (r = 0.340, P < .001), total cholesterol (r = 0.312, P = .002), and low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) cholesterol (r = 0.268, P = .012). Patients with a RA disease duration ≥10 years exhibited significantly increased cfPWV compared with patients with disease duration <2 years (8.4 ± 1.8 vs 7.0 ± 0.8) and ≥2 to <10 years (8.4 ± 1.8 vs 7.8 ± 1.3), respectively. Age, RA disease duration, and triglycerides were predictors of cfPWV in multivariate analyses. According to the β-coefficients, each year of disease duration (β = 0.072) had a greater impact on cfPWV than age (β = 0.054).Each year of life with RA contributes to a higher rate of vascular aging or stiffening than a year of life without RA. The cumulative damage provided by RA was most pronounced in patients with disease duration ≥10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Servicio de Reumatología, Especialidad en Reumatología, División de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil Dr. Juan I. Menchaca
| | - Eduardo Gomez-Bañuelos
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
| | - Efrain Chavarria-Avila
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Departamento de Disciplinas Metodológicas, Filosóficas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
| | - Ernesto Cardona-Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara
| | - Carlos Ramos-Becerra
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara
| | - Adrián Alanis-Sanchez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara
| | - David Cardona-Muller
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara
| | - Fernando Grover-Paez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara
| | - Felipe de J. Perez-Vazquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
| | - Rosa-Elena Navarro-Hernandez
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
| | - Jorge M. Valadez-Soto
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
| | - Adan A. Saldaña-Millan
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
| | - Lorena Gonzalez-Rosas
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
- Servicio de Reumatología, Especialidad en Reumatología, División de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil Dr. Juan I. Menchaca
| | - Gabriel Ramos-Lopez
- Servicio de Cardiología, División de Medicina Interna, OPD Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Juan I. Menchaca, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marcelo H. Petri
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bäck
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
Objective There is a close link between major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Increasing oxidative stress, changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and platelet clotting cascade may lead to subclinical myocardial damage in MDD patients without overt CVD. The aim of the study was to investigate whether MDD is associated with fragmented QRS (fQRS) on electrocardiogram (ECG) which may reflect myocardial fibrosis/scarring and ischaemia. Methods and results A total of 66 MDD patients without overt CVD and 35 age- and sex-matched control subjects were enrolled in this study. Twelve-lead surface ECGs were analysed for the presence of fQRS and echocardiographic examination was performed for each individual. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between MDD and fQRS. The baseline characteristics in terms of age, gender, body mass index and cardiovascular risk factors were comparable in the groups (all P values >0.05). Left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular wall thickness and diastolic blood pressure were also similar in the two groups. The presence of fQRS was more prevalent (P < 0.001) and SBP values (P = 0.007) were higher in patients with MDD compared to controls. Moreover, multivariate binary logistic regression analysis indicated the recurrent MDD as the only independent predictor of fQRS on ECG (beta =0.196, 95% CI 0.046 - 0.827, P = 0.014). Conclusion The presence of fQRS on the ECG is associated with MDD, and may be a beneficial tool for detecting subclinical cardiac damage in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulselam Ilter
- Department of Cardiology, Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Murat Aslan
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Caliskan Ilter
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Feyzullah Besli
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Eyyup Tusun
- Department of Cardiology, Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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15
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Wendell CR, Waldstein SR, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. Distributions of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in a Socioeconomically and Racially Diverse Sample. Stroke 2017; 48:850-856. [PMID: 28235961 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.015267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differential subgroup vulnerability to subclinical cardiovascular disease is likely, and yet few, if any, studies have addressed interactive relations of age, sex, race, and socioeconomic status (SES) to these conditions to examine nuances of known health disparities. We examined distributions of carotid atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in a socioeconomically diverse, biracial, urban sample. METHODS Participants (n=2270) in the population-based HANDLS study (Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span; 30-64 years old, 44% men, 57% African American, 39% with household income <125% federal poverty threshold) underwent carotid intimal medial thickness (IMT) and pulse wave velocity assessment. RESULTS In cross-sectional hierarchical regression analyses, interactive race×SES effects were identified for IMT and pulse wave velocity, such that high SES African Americans had significantly thicker IMTs and faster pulse wave velocities than all other subgroups (ie, low SES African Americans, low SES whites, and high SES whites). A race×sex effect was also identified for IMT, such that the IMT discrepancy between white men and women was more pronounced than the discrepancy between African American men and women. Finally, an SES×sex effect indicated that while IMTs of high SES and low SES men did not significantly differ, high SES women had marginally thicker IMTs than low SES women. CONCLUSIONS High SES African Americans may be particularly vulnerable to subclinical cardiovascular diseases, placing them at enhanced risk for clinical cardiovascular diseases, including stroke. These findings suggest that male sex, low SES, and African American ancestry may represent imprecise generalizations as risk factors for subclinical cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrington R Wendell
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (C.R.W., S.R.W.); Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH (C.R.W., M.K.E., A.B.Z.); Division of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine (S.R.W.); and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore VAMC, MD (S.R.W.).
| | - Shari R Waldstein
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (C.R.W., S.R.W.); Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH (C.R.W., M.K.E., A.B.Z.); Division of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine (S.R.W.); and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore VAMC, MD (S.R.W.)
| | - Michele K Evans
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (C.R.W., S.R.W.); Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH (C.R.W., M.K.E., A.B.Z.); Division of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine (S.R.W.); and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore VAMC, MD (S.R.W.)
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (C.R.W., S.R.W.); Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH (C.R.W., M.K.E., A.B.Z.); Division of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine (S.R.W.); and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore VAMC, MD (S.R.W.)
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16
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Levitan EB, Ahmed A, Arnett DK, Polak JF, Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, Heckbert SR, Jacobs DR, Nettleton JA. Mediterranean diet score and left ventricular structure and function: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 104:595-602. [PMID: 27488238 PMCID: PMC4997295 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.128579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data are limited on the relation between dietary patterns and left ventricular (LV) structure and function. OBJECTIVE We examined cross-sectional associations of a diet-score assessment of a Mediterranean dietary pattern with LV mass, volume, mass-to-volume ratio, stroke volume, and ejection fraction. DESIGN We measured LV variables with the use of cardiac MRI in 4497 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study who were aged 45-84 y and without clinical cardiovascular disease. We calculated a Mediterranean diet score from intakes of fruit, vegetables, nuts, legumes, whole grains, fish, red meat, the monounsaturated fat:saturated fat ratio, and alcohol that were self-reported with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire. We used linear regression with adjustment for body size, physical activity, and cardiovascular disease risk factors to model associations and assess the shape of these associations (linear or quadratic). RESULTS The Mediterranean diet score had a slight U-shaped association with LV mass (adjusted means: 146, 145, 146, and 147 g across quartiles of diet score, respectively; P-quadratic trend = 0.04). The score was linearly associated with LV volume, stroke volume, and ejection fraction: for each +1-U difference in score, LV volume was 0.4 mL higher (95% CI: 0.0, 0.8 mL higher), the stroke volume was 0.5 mL higher (95% CI: 0.2, 0.8 mL higher), and the ejection fraction was 0.2 percentage points higher (95% CI: 0.1, 0.3 percentage points higher). The score was not associated with the mass-to-volume ratio. CONCLUSIONS A higher Mediterranean diet score is cross-sectionally associated with a higher LV mass, which is balanced by a higher LV volume as well as a higher ejection fraction and stroke volume. Participants in this healthy, multiethnic sample whose dietary patterns most closely conformed to a Mediterranean-type pattern had a modestly better LV structure and function than did participants with less-Mediterranean-like dietary patterns. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005487.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Levitan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL;
| | - Ali Ahmed
- Center for Health and Aging, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Joseph F Polak
- Department of Radiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - W Gregory Hundley
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) and Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; and
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, TX
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17
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Meyer ML, Tanaka H, Palta P, Cheng S, Gouskova N, Aguilar D, Heiss G. Correlates of Segmental Pulse Wave Velocity in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29:114-22. [PMID: 26045531 PMCID: PMC4692984 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) is a well-established measure of central arterial stiffness, while brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) is being used more frequently in East Asian countries. Few studies have simultaneously characterized the distributions and correlates of segment-specific PWV measures and their associations with cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS We evaluated segment-specific PWV (cfPWV, baPWV, and femoral-ankle (faPWV)) in 4,974 older-aged African American and Caucasian adults in the community-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study using a standardized protocol and the OMRON VP-1000 Plus system. We examined the distribution and multivariable-adjusted correlates of PWV measures by race and sex. RESULTS Mean age ranged from 74 ± 5 to 76 ± 5 years across race-sex groups. In all race-sex groups, cfPWV correlated with baPWV but not with faPWV, and cfPWV and baPWV were higher with age, whereas faPWV was not. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were positively associated and weight was negatively associated with all PWV measures; however, the associations with age, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol varied by segment and race-sex group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that cfPWV and faPWV reflect distinct aspects of segment-specific vascular stiffness and their associated profile of cardiovascular risk factors. Even among older adults, age is associated with higher cfPWV and baPWV, but not with faPWV. Understanding factors that ostensibly play a role in increasing arterial stiffness in different arterial territories can inform opportunities for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Meyer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Priya Palta
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natalia Gouskova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Aguilar
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Meyer ML, Tepper PG, Barinas-Mitchell E, Korytkowski MT, Talbott EO. Varying patterns of brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and controls: An application of the group-based trajectory modeling. J Clin Ultrasound 2016; 44:46-54. [PMID: 26177749 PMCID: PMC4890544 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.22280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify changing patterns of absolute change in brachial artery lumen diameter (LD) after reactive hyperemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and controls and to quantify the association of PCOS status and participants' factors with these patterns. METHODS Brachial flow-mediated dilation was measured in 128 women with PCOS and 148 controls aged 30-60 years. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to investigate absolute change in LD every 30 seconds for 2 minutes after occluding cuff deflation. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with trajectories. RESULTS Three patterns emerged, namely nondilators (42.2%), dilators (44.6%), and enhanced dilators (13.0%). The proportion of women with PCOS did not differ across groups. Independently of age and PCOS status, larger baseline LD (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval: 2.51; 1.29, 4.89) and lower insulin levels (0.70; 0.52, 0.93) were associated with nondilators rather than with dilators. Higher total cholesterol was associated with dilators in women with PCOS but with nondilators in controls. CONCLUSIONS Trajectory modeling identified distinct patterns of change in LD and factors associated with the endothelial response. This method may be a useful tool to understand the brachial flow-mediated vasodilator response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Meyer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ping G Tepper
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emma Barinas-Mitchell
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary T Korytkowski
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Evelyn O Talbott
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Akyürek N, Atabek ME, Selver Eklioğlu B, Alp H. Ambulatory blood pressure and subclinical cardiovascular disease in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a preliminary report. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2015; 7:13-8. [PMID: 25800471 PMCID: PMC4439887 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity in children and adolescents with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), presumably associated with obesity, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia. This study was designed to evaluate the metabolic and cardiovascular profile of a group of children with classical CAH from the perspective of cardiovascular risk. METHODS Twenty-five CAH patients and 25 healthy controls were included in the study. Metabolic and anthropometric parameters were investigated and compared in these two groups. RESULTS Subjects in the CAH group were shorter than the controls (p=0.001) and had higher body mass index values (p=0.033). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p=0.027) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) values (p=0.006) were also higher in the patient group. In 24% (n=6) of CAH patients, 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring showed arterial hypertension. CIMT was significantly higher in the hypertensive patients than in those with no hypertension (p=0.013). Twenty percent (n=5) of CAH patients had nocturnal hypertension. CIMT was significantly greater in the nocturnal hypertensive group (p=0.02). Mean systolic BP (SBP) and DBP dipping were significantly different in the CAH patients (p<0.001). CIMT correlated negatively with DBP dipping (r=-0632, p=0.037) in these patients. CONCLUSION These results provide additional evidence for the presence of subclinical cardiovascular disease in classical CAH patients and its relationship with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesibe Akyürek
- Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Konya, Turkey. E-mail:
| | - Mehmet Emre Atabek
- Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Konya, Turkey
| | - Beray Selver Eklioğlu
- Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hayrullah Alp
- Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Konya, Turkey
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Snyder ML, Shields KJ, Korytkowski MT, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Talbott EO. Complement protein C3 and coronary artery calcium in middle-aged women with polycystic ovary syndrome and controls. Gynecol Endocrinol 2014; 30:511-5. [PMID: 24592986 PMCID: PMC4065194 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.895985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating complement protein C3 (C3) levels have been associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in women with systemic lupus erythematosus, but have yet to be evaluated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to determine whether C3 levels were elevated in women with PCOS compared to controls and to quantify the association of C3 with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and CAC and if PCOS modified this association. This cross-sectional analysis included 132 women with PCOS and 155 controls, 35-62 years old, from the third visit of a case-control study. CAC was measured during the study visit, and circulating C3 was measured in stored sera. The presence of CAC and CAC categories (Agatston score 0, 1-9.9 and ≥ 10) were used for logistic and ordinal regression analysis, respectively. C3 levels were not significantly different between women with PCOS and controls. Among all women, C3 was associated with the presence of CAC and increasing CAC groups after adjusting for age, PCOS status and insulin or body mass index (BMI), all p<0.05. In addition, C3 was associated with the presence of CAC after adjusting for age, PCOS status, BMI, insulin and African American race, p=0.049. PCOS status did not modify these associations. In conclusion, circulating C3 levels may prove beneficial in identifying women at risk of CVD in women with PCOS and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Snyder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelly J. Shields
- Lupus Center of Excellence, Allegheny Singer Research Institute, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary T. Korytkowski
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kim Sutton-Tyrrell
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Evelyn O. Talbott
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Rundek
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL (T.R.); and Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.L.B.)
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Coll-de-Tuero G, González-Vázquez S, Rodríguez-Poncelas A, Barceló MA, Barrot-de-la Puente J, Penedo MG, Pose-Reino A, Pena-Seijo M, Saez M. Retinal arteriole-to-venule ratio changes and target organ disease evolution in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients at 1-year follow-up. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 8:83-93. [PMID: 24239162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is no agreement on the systematic exploration of the fundus oculi (FO) in hypertensive patients, and it is unknown whether the evolution of retinal microcirculatory alterations has prognostic value or not. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the evolution of the arteriole-to-venule ratio (AVR) in newly-diagnosed hypertensive patients is associated with better or worse evolution of target organ damage (TOD) during 1 year. A cohort of 133 patients with newly-diagnosed untreated hypertension was followed for 1 year. At baseline and follow-up, all patients underwent a physical examination, self-blood pressure measurement, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, blood and urine analysis, electrocardiogram, and retinography. The endpoint was the favourable evolution of TOD and the total amount of TOD, according to the baseline AVR and the baseline and final difference of the AVR. A total of 133 patients were analyzed (mean age, 57 ± 10.7 years; 59% men). No differences were found in the decrease in blood pressure or antihypertensive treatment between quartiles of baseline AVR or baseline-final AVR difference. Patients with a difference between baseline and final AVR in the highest quartile (>0.0817) had a favorable evolution of left ventricular hypertrophy (odds ratio, 14.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-206.8) and the amount of TOD (odds ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-6.05). No favorable evolution was found of glomerular filtration rate. There is an association between the evolution of the AVR and the favorable evolution of TOD. Patients with greater increase of AVR have significantly better evolution of left ventricular hypertrophy and amount of TOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Coll-de-Tuero
- Research Unit, Institut d'Assistència Sanitària, IAS, Girona, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Spain; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Sonia González-Vázquez
- Artificial Vision and Pattern Recognition Group, VARPA, Department of Computing, University of A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - María Antònia Barceló
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Spain; Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Spain
| | | | - Manuel G Penedo
- Artificial Vision and Pattern Recognition Group, VARPA, Department of Computing, University of A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonio Pose-Reino
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital de Conxo, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Pena-Seijo
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital de Conxo, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marc Saez
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Spain; Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Spain.
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