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Chang MK, Wu GJ, Bao P, Yao S, Du MF, Chu C, Wang D, Jia H, Sun Y, Yan Y, Zhang X, Hu GL, Man ZY, Guo TS, Luo WJ, Li H, Wang Y, Mu JJ. Associations of E-proteinoid 3 receptor genetic polymorphisms with salt sensitivity, longitudinal blood pressure changes, and hypertension incidence in Chinese adults. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2024; 26:955-963. [PMID: 38952049 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The E-proteinoid 3 receptor (PTGER3), a member of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) subtype receptor, belongs to the G-protein-coupled superfamily of receptors. Animal studies have demonstrated its involvement in salt sensitivity by regulating sodium reabsorption. This study aimed to investigate the association between genetic variants of PTGER3 and salt sensitivity, longitudinal blood pressure (BP) changes, and the incidence of hypertension in Chinese adults. A chronic salt intake intervention was conducted involving 514 adults from 124 families in the 2004 Baoji Salt-Sensitivity Study Cohort in northern China. These participants followed a 3-day regular baseline diet, followed by a 7-day low-salt diet (3.0 g/d) and a 7-day high-salt diet (18 g/d), and were subsequently followed for 14 years. The findings revealed a significant relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs17482751 of PTGER3 and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) response to high salt intervention. Additionally, SNPs rs11209733, rs3765894, and rs2268062 were significantly associated with longitudinal changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), DBP, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during the 14-year follow-up period. SNP rs6424414 was significantly associated with longitudinal changes in DBP over 14 years. Finally, SNP rs17482751 showed a significant correlation with the incidence of hypertension over 14 years. These results emphasize the significant role of PTGER3 gene polymorphism in salt sensitivity, longitudinal BP changes, and the development of hypertension in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ke Chang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Guan-Ji Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Bao
- Department of General Practice, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-Fei Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Chu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Gui-Lin Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Zi-Yue Man
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Tong-Shuai Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen-Jing Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Jun Mu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
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Jiang Y, Tong W, Li Y, Ma Q, Chen Y. Melatonin inhibits the formation of intraplaque neovessels in ApoE-/- mice via PPARγ- RhoA-ROCK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 696:149391. [PMID: 38184922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to former research, the atherosclerotic plaque is thought to be aggravated by intraplaque neovessels (IPN) and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH). Intriguingly, a lower incidence of IPH was found in plaque treated with melatonin. In this study, we attempted to investigate the impact and underlying mechanism regarding the influences of melatonin upon IPN. METHODS A mouse model was established by subjecting the high fat diet (HFD)-fed ApoE-/- mice to tandem stenosis (TS) surgery with melatonin and GW9662, a PPARγ antagonist, being given by gavage. In vitro experiment was conducted with HUVECs exposing to according treatments of VEGF, melatonin, GW9662, or Y27632. RESULTS Plaque and IPN were attenuated by treatment with melatonin, which was then reversed by blocking PPARγ. Western blotting results showed that melatonin increased PPARγ and decreased RhoA/ROCK signaling in carotid artery. Elevated RhoA/ROCK signaling was observed in melatonin-treated mice when PPARγ was blocked. In accordance with it, experiments using protein and mRNA from HUVECs revealed that melatonin inhibited the RhoA/ROCK signaling by enhancing PPARγ. According to in vitro study, melatonin was able to inhibit cell migration and angiogenesis, which was aborted by GW9662. Blockage of ROCK using Y27632 was able to cease the effect of GW9662 and restored the suppression on cell migration and angiogenesis by melatonin. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that melatonin is able to curb development of plaque and IPN formation by inhibiting the migration of endothelial cells via PPARγ- RhoA-ROCK pathway. That provides a therapeutic potential for both melatonin and PPARγ agonist targeting IPN, IPH, and atherosclerotic plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuFan Jiang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yueyang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - YunDai Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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van Dorst DCH, Mirabito Colafella KM, van Veghel R, Garrelds IM, de Vries R, Mathijssen RHJ, Danser AHJ, Versmissen J. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition prevents renal toxicity but not hypertension during sunitinib treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176199. [PMID: 38029870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticancer angiogenesis inhibitors cause hypertension and renal injury. Previously we observed in rats that high-dose aspirin (capable of blocking cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and-2) was superior to low-dose aspirin (blocking COX-1 only) to prevent these side-effects during treatment with the angiogenesis inhibitor sunitinib, suggesting a role for COX-2. High-dose aspirin additionally prevented the rise in COX-derived prostacyclin (PGI2). Therefore, we studied the preventive effects of selective COX-2 inhibition and the hypothesized contributing role of PGI2 during angiogenesis inhibition. METHODS Male WKY rats received vehicle, sunitinib ((SU), 14 mg/kg/day) alone or combined with COX-2 inhibition (celecoxib, 10 mg/kg/day) or a PGI2 analogue (iloprost, 100 μg/kg/day) for 8 days (n = 8-9 per group). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured via radiotelemetry, biochemical measurements were performed via ELISA and vascular function was assessed via wire myography. RESULTS SU increased MAP (17±1mmHg versus 3±1mmHg after vehicle on day 4, P < 0.002), which could not be significantly blunted by celecoxib (+12±3mmHg on day 4, P = 0.247), but was temporarily attenuated by iloprost (treatment days 1 + 2 only). Urinary PGI2 (996 ± 112 versus 51 ± 11ng/24h after vehicle, P < 0.001), but not circulating PGI2 increased during SU, which remained unaffected by celecoxib and iloprost. Celecoxib reduced sunitinib-induced albuminuria (0.36 ± 0.05 versus 0.58 ± 0.05mg/24h after SU, P = 0.005). Wire myography demonstrated increased vasoconstriction to endothelin-1 after SU (Emax P = 0.005 versus vehicle), which remained unaffected by celecoxib or iloprost. CONCLUSION Selective COX-2 inhibition ameliorates albuminuria during angiogenesis inhibition with sunitinib, which most likely acts independently of PGI2. To combat angiogenesis inhibitor-induced hypertension, dual rather than selective COX-1/2 blockade seems preferential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan C H van Dorst
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Katrina M Mirabito Colafella
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard van Veghel
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M Garrelds
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - René de Vries
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ron H J Mathijssen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jorie Versmissen
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Drury ER, Wu J, Gigliotti JC, Le TH. Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:199-251. [PMID: 37477622 PMCID: PMC11281816 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's controversial Generation of Animals more than 300 years BC, which reflects the sex bias of the time to contemporary readers. Although the question "why are the sexes different" remains a topic of debate in the present day in metaphysics, the recent emphasis on sex comparison in research studies has led to the question "how are the sexes different" being addressed in health science through numerous observational studies in both health and disease susceptibility, including blood pressure regulation and hypertension. These efforts have resulted in better understanding of differences in males and females at the molecular level that partially explain their differences in vascular function and renal sodium handling and hence blood pressure and the consequential cardiovascular and kidney disease risks in hypertension. This review focuses on clinical studies comparing differences between men and women in blood pressure over the life span and response to dietary sodium and highlights experimental models investigating sexual dimorphism in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, vascular, sympathetic nervous, and immune systems, endothelin, the major renal sodium transporters/exchangers/channels, and the impact of sex hormones on these systems in blood pressure homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms governing sex differences in blood pressure regulation could guide novel therapeutic approaches in a sex-specific manner to lower cardiovascular risks in hypertension and advance personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika R Drury
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Jing Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Joseph C Gigliotti
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lynchburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Thu H Le
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
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Bryson TD, Harding P. Prostaglandin E 2 and myocarditis; friend or foe? Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115813. [PMID: 37722627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
This review article summarizes the role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its receptors (EP1-EP4) as it relates to the inflammatory cardiomyopathy, myocarditis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the onset of myocarditis in a subset of patients prompted a debate on the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen, which act to inhibit the actions of prostaglandins. This review aims to further understanding of the role of PGE2 in the pathogenesis or protection of the myocardium in myocarditis. Inflammatory cardiomyopathies encompass a broad spectrum of disorders, all characterized by cardiac inflammation. Therefore, for the purpose of this review, the authors have placed particular emphasis on etiologies of myocarditis where effects of PGE2 have been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Jia H, Miyoshi M, Li X, Furukawa K, Otani L, Shirahige K, Miura F, Ito T, Kato H. The Epigenetic Legacy of Maternal Protein Restriction: Renal Ptger1 DNA Methylation Changes in Hypertensive Rat Offspring. Nutrients 2023; 15:3957. [PMID: 37764741 PMCID: PMC10535296 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient imbalances during gestation are a risk factor for hypertension in offspring. Although the effects of prenatal nutritional deficiency on the development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood have been extensively documented, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the precise role and functional significance of epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of hypertension. To this end, we integrated methylome and transcriptome data to identify potential salt-sensitive hypertension genes using the kidneys of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) pups exposed to a low-protein diet throughout their fetal life. Maternal protein restriction during gestation led to a positive correlation between DNA hypermethylation of the renal prostaglandin E receptor 1 (Ptger1) CpG island and high mRNA expression of Ptger1 in offspring, which is consistently conserved. Furthermore, post-weaning low-protein or high-protein diets modified the Ptger1 DNA hypermethylation caused by fetal malnutrition. Here, we show that this epigenetic variation in Ptger1 is linked to disease susceptibility established during fetal stages and could be reprogrammed by manipulating the postnatal diet. Thus, our findings clarify the developmental origins connecting the maternal nutritional environment and potential epigenetic biomarkers for offspring hypertension. These findings shed light on hypertension prevention and prospective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Jia
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Moe Miyoshi
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Xuguang Li
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kyohei Furukawa
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Lila Otani
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Fumihito Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hisanori Kato
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Lopes PDD, de Assis N, de Araújo NF, Moreno OLM, Jorge KTDOS, E Castor MGM, Teixeira MM, Soriani FM, Capettini LDSA, Bonaventura D, Cau SBDA. COX/iNOS dependence for angiotensin-II-induced endothelial dysfunction. Peptides 2022; 157:170863. [PMID: 36028074 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction induced by angiotensin-II can result from direct effects on vascular and inflammatory cells and indirect hemodynamic effects. Using isolated and functional cultured aortas, we aimed to identify the effects of angiotensin-II on cyclooxygenase (COX) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and evaluate their impact on vascular reactivity. Aortic rings from mice were incubated overnight in culture medium containing angiotensin-II (100 nmol/L) or vehicle to induce vascular disfunction. Vascular reactivity of cultured arteries was evaluated in a bath chamber. Immunofluorescence staining for COX-1 and COX-2 was performed. Nitric oxide (NO) formation was approached by the levels of nitrite, a NO end product, and using a fluorescent probe (DAF). Oxidative and nitrosative stress were determined by DHE fluorescence and nitrotyrosine staining, respectively. Arteries cultured with angiotensin-II showed impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation, which was reversed by the AT1 receptor antagonist. Inhibition of COX and iNOS restored vascular relaxation, suggesting a common pathway in which angiotensin-II triggers COX and iNOS, leading to vasoconstrictor receptors activation. Moreover, using selective antagonists, TP and EP were identified as the receptors involved in this response. Endothelium-dependent contractions of angiotensin-II-cultured aortas were blunted by ibuprofen, and increased COX-2 immunostaining was found in the arteries, indicating endothelium release of vasoconstrictor prostanoids. Angiotensin-II induced increased reactive oxygen species and NO production. An iNOS inhibitor prevented NO enhancement and nitrotyrosine accumulation in arteries stimulated with angiotensin-II. These results confirm that angiotensin-II causes vascular inflammation that culminates in endothelial dysfunction in an iNOS and COX codependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia das Dores Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Naiara de Assis
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Natália Ferreira de Araújo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Olga Lúcia Maquilon Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Frederico Marianetti Soriani
- Department of Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Daniella Bonaventura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Stefany Bruno de Assis Cau
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil.
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Ameer OZ. Hypertension in chronic kidney disease: What lies behind the scene. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:949260. [PMID: 36304157 PMCID: PMC9592701 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.949260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a frequent condition encountered during kidney disease development and a leading cause in its progression. Hallmark factors contributing to hypertension constitute a complexity of events that progress chronic kidney disease (CKD) into end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Multiple crosstalk mechanisms are involved in sustaining the inevitable high blood pressure (BP) state in CKD, and these play an important role in the pathogenesis of increased cardiovascular (CV) events associated with CKD. The present review discusses relevant contributory mechanisms underpinning the promotion of hypertension and their consequent eventuation to renal damage and CV disease. In particular, salt and volume expansion, sympathetic nervous system (SNS) hyperactivity, upregulated renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), oxidative stress, vascular remodeling, endothelial dysfunction, and a range of mediators and signaling molecules which are thought to play a role in this concert of events are emphasized. As the control of high BP via therapeutic interventions can represent the key strategy to not only reduce BP but also the CV burden in kidney disease, evidence for major strategic pathways that can alleviate the progression of hypertensive kidney disease are highlighted. This review provides a particular focus on the impact of RAAS antagonists, renal nerve denervation, baroreflex stimulation, and other modalities affecting BP in the context of CKD, to provide interesting perspectives on the management of hypertensive nephropathy and associated CV comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Z. Ameer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Omar Z. Ameer,
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Poultry Meat and Eggs as an Alternative Source of n-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Human Nutrition. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091969. [PMID: 35565936 PMCID: PMC9099610 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) on human health are widely known. Humans are rather inefficient in synthesizing n-3 LC-PUFA; thus, these compounds should be supplemented in the diet. However, most Western human diets have unbalanced n-6/n-3 ratios resulting from eating habits and the fact that fish sources (rich in n-3 LC-PUFA) are not sufficient (worldwide deficit ~347,956 t/y) to meet the world requirements. In this context, it is necessary to find new and sustainable sources of n-3 LC-PUFA. Poultry products can provide humans n-3 LC-PUFA due to physiological characteristics and the wide consumption of meat and eggs. The present work aims to provide a general overview of the main strategies that should be adopted during rearing and postproduction to enrich and preserve n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products. The strategies include dietary supplementation of α-Linolenic acid (ALA) or n-3 LC-PUFA, or enhancing n-3 LC-PUFA by improving the LA (Linoleic acid)/ALA ratio and antioxidant concentrations. Moreover, factors such as genotype, rearing system, transport, and cooking processes can impact the n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products. The use of a multifactorial view in the entire production chain allows the relevant enrichment and preservation of n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products.
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Wu J, Fang S, Lu KT, Kumar G, Reho JJ, Brozoski DT, Otanwa AJ, Hu C, Nair AR, Wackman KK, Agbor LN, Grobe JL, Sigmund CD. Endothelial Cullin3 Mutation Impairs Nitric Oxide-Mediated Vasodilation and Promotes Salt-Induced Hypertension. FUNCTION (OXFORD, ENGLAND) 2022; 3:zqac017. [PMID: 35493997 PMCID: PMC9045850 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Human hypertension caused by in-frame deletion of CULLIN3 exon-9 (Cul3∆9) is driven by renal and vascular mechanisms. We bred conditionally activatable Cul3∆9 transgenic mice with tamoxifen-inducible Tie2-CREERT2 mice to test the importance of endothelial Cul3. The resultant mice (E-Cul3∆9) trended towards elevated nighttime blood pressure (BP) correlated with increased nighttime activity, but displayed no difference in daytime BP or activity. Male and female E-Cul3∆9 mice together exhibited a decline in endothelial-dependent relaxation in carotid artery. Male but not female E-Cul3∆9 mice displayed severe endothelial dysfunction in cerebral basilar artery. There was no impairment in mesenteric artery and no difference in smooth muscle function, suggesting the effects of Cul3∆9 are arterial bed-specific and sex-dependent. Expression of Cul3∆9 in primary mouse aortic endothelial cells decreased endogenous Cul3 protein, phosphorylated (S1177) endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production. Protein phosphatase (PP) 2A, a known Cul3 substrate, dephosphorylates eNOS. Cul3∆9-induced impairment of eNOS activity was rescued by a selective PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid, but not by a PP1 inhibitor tautomycetin. Because NO deficiency contributes to salt-induced hypertension, we tested the salt-sensitivity of E-Cul3∆9 mice. While both male and female E-Cul3∆9 mice developed salt-induced hypertension and renal injury, the pressor effect of salt was greater in female mutants. The increased salt-sensitivity in female E-Cul3∆9 mice was associated with decreased renovascular relaxation and impaired natriuresis in response to a sodium load. Thus, CUL3 mutations in the endothelium may contribute to human hypertension in part through decreased endothelial NO bioavailability, renovascular dysfunction, and increased salt-sensitivity of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Deparment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shi Fang
- Deparment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 Wisconsin, USA,Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242 Iowa, USA
| | - Ko-Ting Lu
- Deparment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Deparment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 Wisconsin, USA
| | - John J Reho
- Deparment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 Wisconsin, USA
| | - Daniel T Brozoski
- Deparment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 Wisconsin, USA
| | - Adokole J Otanwa
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242 Iowa, USA
| | - Chunyan Hu
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242 Iowa, USA
| | - Anand R Nair
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242 Iowa, USA
| | - Kelsey K Wackman
- Deparment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 Wisconsin, USA
| | - Larry N Agbor
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242 Iowa, USA
| | - Justin L Grobe
- Deparment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 Wisconsin, USA
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11
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Fuchs MAA, Schrankl J, Leupold C, Wagner C, Kurtz A, Broeker KAE. Intact prostaglandin signaling through EP2 and EP4 receptors in stromal progenitor cells is required for normal development of the renal cortex in mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F295-F307. [PMID: 35037469 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00414.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (Cox) inhibitors are known to have severe side effects during renal development. These consist of reduced renal function, underdeveloped subcapsular glomeruli, interstitial fibrosis, and thinner cortical tissue. Global genetic deletion of Cox-2 mimics the phenotype observed after application of Cox inhibitors. This study aimed to investigate which cell types express Cox-2 and prostaglandin E2 receptors and what functions are mediated through this pathway during renal development. Expression of EP2 and EP4 mRNA was detected by RNAscope mainly in descendants of FoxD1+ stromal progenitors; EP1 and EP3, on the other hand, were expressed in tubules. Cox-2 mRNA was detected in medullary interstitial cells and macula densa cells. Functional investigations were performed with a cell-specific approach to delete Cox-2, EP2, and EP4 in FoxD1+ stromal progenitor cells. Our data show that Cox-2 expression in macula densa cells is sufficient to drive renal development. Deletion of EP2 or EP4 in FoxD1+ cells had no functional effect on renal development. Codeletion of EP2 and EP4 in FoxD1+ stromal cells, however, led to severe glomerular defects and a strong decline of glomerular filtration rate (1.316 ± 69.7 µL/min/100 g body wt in controls vs. 644.1 ± 64.58 µL/min/100 g body wt in FoxD1+/Cre EP2-/- EP4ff mice), similar to global deletion of Cox-2. Furthermore, EP2/EP4-deficient mice showed a significant increase in collagen production with a strong downregulation of renal renin expression. This study shows the distinct localization of EP receptors in mice. Functionally, we could identify EP2 and EP4 receptors in stromal FoxD1+ progenitor cells as essential receptor subtypes for normal renal development.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) produces prostaglandins that are essential for normal renal development. It is unclear in which cells Cox-2 and the receptors for prostaglandin E2 (EP receptors) are expressed during late nephrogenesis. This study identified the expression sites for EP subtypes and Cox-2 in neonatal mouse kidneys. Furthermore, it shows that stromal progenitor cells may require intact prostaglandin E2 signaling through EP2 and EP4 receptors for normal renal development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics
- Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Kidney Cortex/cytology
- Kidney Cortex/enzymology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Organogenesis
- Prostaglandins/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stem Cells/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/enzymology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Schrankl
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Leupold
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Armin Kurtz
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Bryson TD, Harding P. Prostaglandin E2 EP receptors in cardiovascular disease: An update. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 195:114858. [PMID: 34822808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an update for the role of prostaglandin E2 receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) in cardiovascular disease. Where possible we have reported citations from the last decade although this was not possible for all of the topics covered due to the paucity of publications. The authors have attempted to cover the subjects of ischemia-reperfusion injury, arrhythmias, hypertension, novel protein binding partners of the EP receptors and their pathophysiological significance, and cardiac regeneration. These latter two topics bring studies of the EP receptors into new and exciting areas of research that are just beginning to be explored. Where there is peer-reviewed literature, the authors have placed particular emphasis on clinical studies although these are limited in number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
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13
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Song CY, Singh P, Motiwala M, Shin JS, Lew J, Dutta SR, Gonzalez FJ, Bonventre JV, Malik KU. 2-Methoxyestradiol Ameliorates Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension by Inhibiting Cytosolic Phospholipase A 2α Activity in Female Mice. Hypertension 2021; 78:1368-1381. [PMID: 34628937 PMCID: PMC8516072 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. We tested the hypothesis that CYP1B1 (cytochrome P450 1B1)-17β-estradiol metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol protects against Ang II (angiotensin II)–induced hypertension by inhibiting group IV cPLA2α (cytosolic phospholipase A2α) activity and production of prohypertensive eicosanoids in female mice. Ang II (700 ng/kg per minute, SC) increased mean arterial blood pressure (BP), systolic and diastolic BP measured by radiotelemetry, renal fibrosis, and reactive oxygen species production in wild-type mice (cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1+/+) that were enhanced by ovariectomy and abolished in intact and ovariectomized-cPLA2α−/−/Cyp1b1+/+ mice. Ang II–induced increase in SBP measured by tail-cuff, renal fibrosis, reactive oxygen species production, and cPLA2α activity measured by its phosphorylation in the kidney, and urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane A2 metabolites were enhanced in ovariectomized-cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1+/+ and intact cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1−/− mice. 2-Methoxyestradiol and arachidonic acid metabolism inhibitor 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid attenuated the Ang II–induced increase in SBP, renal fibrosis, reactive oxygen species production, and urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2, and thromboxane A2 metabolites in ovariectomized-cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1+/+ and intact cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1−/− mice. Antagonists of prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane A2 receptors EP1 and EP3 and TP, respectively, inhibited Ang II–induced increases in SBP and reactive oxygen species production and renal fibrosis in ovariectomized-cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1+/+ and intact cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1−/− mice. These data suggest that CYP1B1-generated metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol mitigates Ang II–induced hypertension and renal fibrosis by inhibiting cPLA2α activity, reducing prostaglandin E2, and thromboxane A2 production and stimulating EP1 and EP3 and TP receptors, respectively. Thus, 2-methoxyestradiol and the drugs that selectively block EP1 and EP3 and TP receptors could be useful in treating hypertension and its pathogenesis in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Young Song
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis (C.Y.S., P.S., M.M., J.S.S., J.L., S.R.D., K.U.M.)
| | - Purnima Singh
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis (C.Y.S., P.S., M.M., J.S.S., J.L., S.R.D., K.U.M.)
| | - Mustafa Motiwala
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis (C.Y.S., P.S., M.M., J.S.S., J.L., S.R.D., K.U.M.)
| | - Ji Soo Shin
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis (C.Y.S., P.S., M.M., J.S.S., J.L., S.R.D., K.U.M.)
| | - Jessica Lew
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis (C.Y.S., P.S., M.M., J.S.S., J.L., S.R.D., K.U.M.)
| | - Shubha R. Dutta
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis (C.Y.S., P.S., M.M., J.S.S., J.L., S.R.D., K.U.M.)
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (F.J.G.)
| | - Joseph V. Bonventre
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.V.B.)
| | - Kafait U. Malik
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis (C.Y.S., P.S., M.M., J.S.S., J.L., S.R.D., K.U.M.)
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14
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Singh P, Song CY, Dutta SR, Pingili A, Shin JS, Gonzalez FJ, Bonventre JV, Malik KU. 6β-Hydroxytestosterone Promotes Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension via Enhanced Cytosolic Phospholipase A 2α Activity. Hypertension 2021; 78:1053-1066. [PMID: 34420370 PMCID: PMC8415516 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the CYP1B1 (cytochrome P450 1B1)-testosterone metabolite 6β-hydroxytestosterone contributes to angiotensin II-induced hypertension by promoting activation of group IV cPLA2α (cytosolic phospholipase A2α) and generation of prohypertensive eicosanoids in male mice. Eight-week-old male intact or orchidectomized cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1+/+ and cPLA2α–/–/Cyp1b1+/+ and intact cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1–/– mice were infused with angiotensin II (700 ng/kg/min, subcutaneous) for 2 weeks and injected with 6β-hydroxytestosterone (15 μg/g/every third day, intraperitoneal). Systolic blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff and confirmed by radiotelemetry. Angiotensin II-induced increase in systolic blood pressure, cardiac and renal collagen deposition, and reactive oxygen species production were reduced by disruption of the cPLA2α or Cyp1b1 genes or by administration of the arachidonic acid metabolism inhibitor 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid to cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1+/+ mice. 6β-hydroxytestosterone treatment restored these effects of angiotensin II in cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1–/– mice but not in orchidectomized cPLA2α–/–/Cyp1b1+/+ mice, which were lowered by 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid in cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1–/– mice. Antagonists of prostaglandin E2-EP1/EP3 receptors and thromboxane A2-TP receptors decreased the effect of 6β-hydroxytestosterone in restoring the angiotensin II-induced increase in systolic blood pressure, cardiac and renal collagen deposition, and reactive oxygen species production in cPLA2α+/+/Cyp1b1–/– mice. These data suggest that 6β-hydroxytestosterone promotes angiotensin II-induced increase in systolic blood pressure and associated pathogenesis via cPLA2α activation and generation of eicosanoids, most likely prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane A2 that exerts prohypertensive effects by stimulating EP1/EP3 and TP receptors, respectively. Therefore, agents that selectively block these receptors could be useful in treating testosterone exacerbated angiotensin II-induced hypertension and its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Research, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (P.S., C.Y.S., S.R.D., A.P., J.S.S., K.U.M.)
| | - Chi Young Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Research, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (P.S., C.Y.S., S.R.D., A.P., J.S.S., K.U.M.)
| | - Shubha R Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Research, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (P.S., C.Y.S., S.R.D., A.P., J.S.S., K.U.M.)
| | - Ajeeth Pingili
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Research, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (P.S., C.Y.S., S.R.D., A.P., J.S.S., K.U.M.)
| | - Ji Soo Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Research, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (P.S., C.Y.S., S.R.D., A.P., J.S.S., K.U.M.)
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (F.J.G.)
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institute of Medicine, Boston, MA (J.V.B.)
| | - Kafait U Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Research, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (P.S., C.Y.S., S.R.D., A.P., J.S.S., K.U.M.)
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