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Buratti E, Sguizzato M, Sotgiu G, Zamboni R, Bertoldo M. Keratin-PNIPAM Hybrid Microgels: Preparation, Morphology and Swelling Properties. Gels 2024; 10:411. [PMID: 38920957 PMCID: PMC11202486 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Combinations of synthetic polymers, such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), with natural biomolecules, such as keratin, show potential in the field of biomedicine, since these hybrids merge the thermoresponsive properties of PNIPAM with the bioactive characteristics of keratin. This synergy aims to produce hybrids that can respond to environmental stimuli while maintaining biocompatibility and functionality, making them suitable for various medical and biotechnological uses. In this study, we exploit keratin derived from wool waste in the textile industry, extracted via sulfitolysis, to synthesize hybrids with PNIPAM microgel. Utilizing two distinct methods-polymerization of NIPAM with keratin (HYB-P) and mixing preformed PNIPAM microgels with keratin (HYB-M)-resulted in hybrids with 20% and 25% keratin content, respectively. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analyses indicated the formation of colloidal systems with particle sizes of around 110 nm for HYB-P and 518 nm for HYB-M. The presence of keratin in both systems, 20% and 25%, respectively, was confirmed by spectroscopic (FTIR and NMR) and elemental analyses. Distinct structural differences were observed between HYB-P and HYB-M, suggesting a graft copolymer configuration for the former hybrid and a complexation for the latter one. Furthermore, these hybrids demonstrated temperature responsiveness akin to PNIPAM microgels and pH responsiveness, underscoring their potential for diverse biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Buratti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Maddalena Sguizzato
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Giovanna Sotgiu
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (G.S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Roberto Zamboni
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (G.S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Monica Bertoldo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.S.); (M.B.)
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2
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Soleymani Eil Bakhtiari S, Karbasi S. Keratin-containing scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:916-965. [PMID: 38349200 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2311450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, the utilization of bioactive materials has become a routine tool. The goal of tissue engineering is to create new organs and tissues by combining cell biology, materials science, reactor engineering, and clinical research. As part of the growth pattern for primary cells in an organ, backing material is frequently used as a supporting material. A porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffold can provide cells with optimal conditions for proliferating, migrating, differentiating, and functioning as a framework. Optimizing the scaffolds' structure and altering their surface may improve cell adhesion and proliferation. A keratin-based biomaterials platform has been developed as a result of discoveries made over the past century in the extraction, purification, and characterization of keratin proteins from hair and wool fibers. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, intrinsic biological activity, and cellular binding motifs make keratin an attractive biomaterial for tissue engineering scaffolds. Scaffolds for tissue engineering have been developed from extracted keratin proteins because of their capacity to self-assemble and polymerize into intricate 3D structures. In this review article, applications of keratin-based scaffolds in different tissues including bone, skin, nerve, and vascular are explained based on common methods of fabrication such as electrospinning, freeze-drying process, and sponge replication method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Soleymani Eil Bakhtiari
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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3
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Sharma LA, Ramesh N, Sharma A, Ratnayake JTB, Love RM, Alavi SE, Wilson MJ, Dias GJ. In vitro effects of wool-derived keratin on human dental pulp-derived stem cells for endodontic applications. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 61:617-622. [PMID: 37806938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.08.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study we examine the influence of wool-derived keratin intermediate filament proteins (kIFPs) on human dental pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs). kIFPs were diluted (10 mg/mL to 0.001 mg/mL) in cell culture media. Effects on hDPSCs proliferation were measured using Alamar blue assay. Keratin concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL were tested for odontogenic differentiation and mineralisation. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) quantification (7th, 14th, and 21st days), alizarin red S (AR-S) staining and calcium quantification (21st day), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR, collagen expression), and immunocytochemical staining for dentin matrix protein (DMP) were performed. hDPSCs showed higher proliferation with kIFPs of 0.1 mg/mL or less (p < 0.0001). The 0.1 mg/mL keratin concentration promoted odontogenic differentiation, confirmed by increased ALP activity, significant calcium deposits (AR-S staining, p < 0.05), up-regulated collagen expression (RT-PCR, p < 0.05), and positive DMP staining. These results suggest that kIFPs could be a potential biomaterial for pulp-dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Ajay Sharma
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Niranjan Ramesh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ajay Sharma
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jithendra T B Ratnayake
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Robert M Love
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Alavi
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Megan J Wilson
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - George J Dias
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Nano/micro-formulations of keratin in biocomposites, wound healing and drug delivery systems; recent advances in biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Konop M, Rybka M, Drapała A. Keratin Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing, an Old Player in Modern Medicine: A Mini Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2029. [PMID: 34959311 PMCID: PMC8705570 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired wound healing is a major medical problem. To solve it, researchers around the world have turned their attention to the use of tissue-engineered products to aid in skin regeneration in case of acute and chronic wounds. One of the primary goals of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is to develop a matrix or scaffold system that mimics the structure and function of native tissue. Keratin biomaterials derived from wool, hair, and bristle have been the subjects of active research in the context of tissue regeneration for over a decade. Keratin derivatives, which can be either soluble or insoluble, are utilized as wound dressings since keratins are dynamically up-regulated and needed in skin wound healing. Tissue biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical durability, and natural abundance are only a few of the keratin biomaterials' properties, making them excellent wound dressing materials to treat acute and chronic wounds. Several experimental and pre-clinical studies described the beneficial effects of the keratin-based wound dressing in faster wound healing. This review focuses exclusively on the biomedical application of a different type of keratin biomaterials as a wound dressing in pre-clinical and clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Konop
- Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.R.); (A.D.)
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Vineis C, Cruz Maya I, Mowafi S, Varesano A, Sánchez Ramírez DO, Abou Taleb M, Tonetti C, Guarino V, El-Sayed H. Synergistic effect of sericin and keratin in gelatin based nanofibers for in vitro applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:375-381. [PMID: 34499951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein-based nanomaterials are gaining growing interest in biomedical field. The present paper evaluates the physico-chemical properties of electrospun nanofibers resulting from the combination of gelatin with keratin (from wool) and sericin (from silk) to validate their use for in vitro interaction studies. We demonstrated that that presence of sericin influences the fiber morphology at macroscopic level - i.e., wide diameter distributions by SEM and image analysis - with effects on chemical - i.e., a decrease of hydrogen bonds of NH groups verified by infrared spectroscopy - and thermal behavior of electrospun nanofibers, in comparison with gelatin-based ones. Moreover, we verified that sericin, in combination with keratin macromolecules, can amplify the biochemical signal of gelatin, improving the in-vitro stability of gelatin-based nanofibers. In vitro results confirm a synergistic effect of sericin and keratin on human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSC) proliferation - increase over 50% respect to other types - associated to the enhancement of in vitro stability directly ascribable to the peculiar physical interaction among the proteins. These findings suggest the use of sericin/keratin/gelatin enriched electrospun fibers as nanostructured platforms for interface tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vineis
- CNR-STIIMA (National Research Council - Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - I Cruz Maya
- CNR-IPCB (National Research Council - Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials), Mostra d'Oltremare, Pad. 20, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - S Mowafi
- National Research Centre, Textile Industries Research Division, El-Behouth St. 33, 12622-Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - A Varesano
- CNR-STIIMA (National Research Council - Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy.
| | - D O Sánchez Ramírez
- CNR-STIIMA (National Research Council - Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - M Abou Taleb
- National Research Centre, Textile Industries Research Division, El-Behouth St. 33, 12622-Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - C Tonetti
- CNR-STIIMA (National Research Council - Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - V Guarino
- CNR-IPCB (National Research Council - Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials), Mostra d'Oltremare, Pad. 20, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Napoli, Italy.
| | - H El-Sayed
- National Research Centre, Textile Industries Research Division, El-Behouth St. 33, 12622-Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Development of a Multi-Layer Skin Substitute Using Human Hair Keratinic Extract-Based Hybrid 3D Printing. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162584. [PMID: 34451127 PMCID: PMC8401121 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-sized or deep skin wounds require skin substitutes for proper healing without scar formation. Therefore, multi-layered skin substitutes that mimic the genuine skin anatomy of multiple layers have attracted attention as suitable skin substitutes. In this study, a novel skin substitute was developed by combining the multi-layer skin tissue reconstruction method with the combination of a human-derived keratinic extract-loaded nano- and micro-fiber using electrospinning and a support structure using 3D printing. A polycaprolactone PCL/keratin electrospun scaffold showed better cell adhesion and proliferation than the keratin-free PCL scaffold, and keratinocytes and fibroblasts showed better survival, adhesion, and proliferation in the PCL/keratin electrospun nanofiber scaffold and microfiber scaffold, respectively. In a co-culture of keratinocytes and fibroblasts using a multi-layered scaffold, the two cells formed the epidermis and dermal layer on the PCL/keratin scaffold without territorial invasion. In the animal study, the PCL/keratin scaffold caused a faster regeneration of new skin without scar formation compared to the PCL scaffold. Our study showed that PCL/keratin scaffolds co-cultured with keratinocytes and fibroblasts promoted the regeneration of the epidermal and dermal layers in deep skin defects. Such finding suggests a new possibility for artificial skin production using multiple cells.
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Azhar FF, Rostamzadeh P, Khordadmehr M, Mesgari-Abbasi M. Evaluation of a novel bioactive wound dressing: an in vitro and in vivo study. J Wound Care 2021; 30:482-490. [PMID: 34121431 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2021.30.6.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hard-to-heal wounds, such as pressure ulcers and diabetic ulcers, are a major challenge for wound dressings. The aim of this study was to develop a bioactive dressing based on polymers and natural materials with unique biological and therapeutic properties. METHOD The dressing was composed of an active layer containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), honey, curcumin and keratin, and an upper layer with lower hydrophilicity comprising PVA to induce flexibility. Physicochemical properties of the dressing were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, swelling behaviour and antibacterial measurements. A wound healing study was performed using an experimental rat model and two different compositions of the bioactive dressing were compared with a commercial wound dressing (Comfeel, Coloplast, Denmark). Histopathological evaluation was conducted for this purpose. RESULTS Characterisation results showed that a smooth bilayer film with two homogenous but distinct layers was produced. The dressing also provided adequate moisture to the wound environment without infection and adhesion due to dryness occurring. Our results exhibited significant bactericidal activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and improved the wound healing process without any scarring. Histopathological findings demonstrated a significant higher healing rate in vivo together with well-formed epidermis, granulation tissue formation and tissue contraction, when compared with the commercial wound dressing. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated acceptable physical and healing effects for the novel bioactive wound dressing; however, more investigations are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Farshi Azhar
- Applied Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Paria Rostamzadeh
- Applied Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Ali MA, Gould M. Untapped potentials of hazardous nanoarchitectural biopolymers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:124740. [PMID: 33476911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The First Industrial Revolution began when manual labour transitioned to machines. Fossil fuels and steam eventually replaced wood and water as an energy source used predominantly for the mechanized production of textiles and iron. The emergence of the required numerous enormous factories gave rise to smoke pollution due to the immense growth in coal consumption. The manufactured gas industry produced highly toxic effluent that was released into sewers and rivers polluting the water. Many pieces of legislation were introduced to overcome this issue, but with varying degrees of effectiveness. Alongside our growth in world population, the problems that we had with waste remained, but together with our increase in number the waste produced has also increased additionally. The immense volume of waste materials generated from human activity and the potentially detrimental effects on the environment and on public health have awakened in ourselves a critical need to embrace current scientific methods for the safe disposal of wastes. We are informed daily that our food waste must be better utilized to ensure enough food is available to feed the world's growing population in a sustainable way (Thyberg and Tonjes, 2016). Some things are easy, like waste food and cellulose products can be turned into compost, but how do we recycle sheep's wool? Or shrimp shells? Despite the fact that both these substances are hazardous, and have caused environmental and economic impact from being incinerated; but we anticipate that those substances may have the potential to convert into added value applications.We have been working in this area for over 15 years, working towards managing them and seeking their added value applications. We take the biological products, process (reconstitute) and engineer them into added value products such as functional and nanostructure materials including edible films, foams and composites including medical devices useful in the human body. Anything that we can ingest, should not cause an immune response in the human system. Natural biomacromolecules display the inherent ability to perform very specific chemical, mechanical or structural roles. Specifically, protein- and polysaccharide-based biomaterials have come to light as the most promising candidates for many biomedical applications due their biomimetic and nanostructured arrangements, their multi-functional features, and their capability to function as matrices that are capable of facilitating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Azam Ali
- Department of Food Science, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Maree Gould
- Department of Food Science, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Thilagam R, Gnanamani A. Preparation, characterization and cell response studies on bioconjugated 3D protein hydrogels with wide-range stiffness: An approach on cell therapy and cell storage. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111843. [PMID: 34022701 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study emphasizes the preparation and characterization of bioconjugated keratin-gelatin (KG) 3D hydrogels with wide-range stiffness to study cell response for cell therapy and cell storage applications. In brief, human hair keratin and bovine gelatin at different ratios bioconjugated using EDC/NHS provide five hydrogels (KG-1, KG-2.5, KG -5, KG-7.5 and KG-9) with modulus ranging from 0.9 ± 0.1 to 10.9 ± 0.4 kPa. Based on swelling, stability, porosity, and degradation parameters KG-5 and KG-9 are employed to assess the human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cell response, cell delivery and cell storage respectively. Characterization studies revealed the concentration of keratin determines the modulus/stiffness of the hydrogels, whereas gelatin concentration plays a vital role in porosity, swelling percentage, and degradation properties. HDF cell behaviour in the chosen hydrogels assessed based on cell adhesion, cell proliferation, PCNA expression, MTT assay, and DNA quantification. We observed the best cell behaviour in KG-5 hydrogels than in the KG-9 matrix. In cell storage and cell delivery studies, the KG-9 matrix displayed promising results. Thus, the present study concludes bioconjugated keratin-gelatin 3D hydrogel with modulus below 3.0 kPa facilitates the proliferation of HDFs, whereas matrix above 10 kPa modulus supports cell storage and cell recovery. The observations of the present study suggest the suitability of bioconjugated fibrous protein 3D hydrogel for cell therapy and cell storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thilagam
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 20, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Gnanamani
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 20, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Coaxial and emulsion electrospinning of extracted hyaluronic acid and keratin based nanofibers for wound healing applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ferraris S, Spriano S, Scalia AC, Cochis A, Rimondini L, Cruz-Maya I, Guarino V, Varesano A, Vineis C. Topographical and Biomechanical Guidance of Electrospun Fibers for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2896. [PMID: 33287236 PMCID: PMC7761715 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is gaining increasing interest in the biomedical field as an eco-friendly and economic technique for production of random and oriented polymeric fibers. The aim of this review was to give an overview of electrospinning potentialities in the production of fibers for biomedical applications with a focus on the possibility to combine biomechanical and topographical stimuli. In fact, selection of the polymer and the eventual surface modification of the fibers allow selection of the proper chemical/biological signal to be administered to the cells. Moreover, a proper design of fiber orientation, dimension, and topography can give the opportunity to drive cell growth also from a spatial standpoint. At this purpose, the review contains a first introduction on potentialities of electrospinning for the obtainment of random and oriented fibers both with synthetic and natural polymers. The biological phenomena which can be guided and promoted by fibers composition and topography are in depth investigated and discussed in the second section of the paper. Finally, the recent strategies developed in the scientific community for the realization of electrospun fibers and for their surface modification for biomedical application are presented and discussed in the last section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ferraris
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Silvia Spriano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Calogero Scalia
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Iriczalli Cruz-Maya
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad. 20, V. le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (I.C.-M.); (V.G.)
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad. 20, V. le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (I.C.-M.); (V.G.)
| | - Alessio Varesano
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing (STIIMA), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy; (A.V.); (C.V.)
| | - Claudia Vineis
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing (STIIMA), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy; (A.V.); (C.V.)
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Parker RN, Trent A, Roth Stefaniak KL, Van Dyke ME, Grove TZ. A comparative study of materials assembled from recombinant K31 and K81 and extracted human hair keratins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:065006. [PMID: 32485704 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab98e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural biopolymers have found success in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Their intrinsic biocompatibility and biological activity make them well suited for biomaterials development. Specifically, keratin-based biomaterials have demonstrated utility in regenerative medicine applications including bone regeneration, wound healing, and nerve regeneration. However, studies of structure-function relationships in keratin biomaterials have been hindered by the lack of homogeneous preparations of materials extracted and isolated from natural sources such as wool and hair fibers. Here we present a side-by-side comparison of natural and recombinant human hair keratin proteins K31 and K81. When combined, the recombinant proteins (i.e. rhK31 and rhK81) assemble into characteristic intermediate filament-like fibers. Coatings made from natural and recombinant dimers were compared side-by-side and investigated for coating characteristics and cell adhesion. In comparison to control substrates, the recombinant keratin materials show a higher propensity for inducing involucrin and hence, maturation in terms of potential skin cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael N Parker
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060. Authors contributed equally to this work
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Sellappan LK, Anandhavelu S, Doble M, Perumal G, Jeon JH, Vikraman D, Kim HS. Biopolymer film fabrication for skin mimetic tissue regenerative wound dressing applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1817019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Logesh Kumar Sellappan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dr. N. G. P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanmugam Anandhavelu
- Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Multi Tech Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindaraj Perumal
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ji-Hoon Jeon
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhanasekaran Vikraman
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Feroz S, Muhammad N, Ranayake J, Dias G. Keratin - Based materials for biomedical applications. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:496-509. [PMID: 32322760 PMCID: PMC7171262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin constitutes the major component of the feather, hair, hooves, horns, and wool represents a group of biological material having high cysteine content (7-13%) as compared to other structural proteins. Keratin -based biomaterials have been investigated extensively over the past few decades due to their intrinsic biological properties and excellent biocompatibility. Unlike other natural polymers such as starch, collagen, chitosan, the complex three-dimensional structure of keratin requires the use of harsh chemical conditions for their dissolution and extraction. The most commonly used methods for keratin extraction are oxidation, reduction, steam explosion, microbial method, microwave irradiation and use of ionic liquids. Keratin -based materials have been used extensively for various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering. This review covers the structure, properties, history of keratin research, methods of extraction and some recent advancements related to the use of keratin derived biomaterials in the form of a 3-D scaffold, films, fibers, and hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandleen Feroz
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago, Otago, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Jithendra Ranayake
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago, Otago, 9016, New Zealand
| | - George Dias
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago, Otago, 9016, New Zealand
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Guidotti G, Soccio M, Posati T, Sotgiu G, Tiboni M, Barbalinardo M, Valle F, Casettari L, Zamboni R, Lotti N, Aluigi A. Regenerated wool keratin-polybutylene succinate nanofibrous mats for drug delivery and cells culture. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Tasaki K. A novel thermal hydrolysis process for extraction of keratin from hog hair for commercial applications. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 104:33-41. [PMID: 31958663 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a novel thermal hydrolysis process (THP) to extract and hydrolyze keratin from keratinous animal body wastes without using any chemicals. Our process consists of two heating steps: one is to swell and denature the keratin protein network in the intermediate filaments, while the other is to cleavage the disulfide bonds that connect the tight keratinous fibrils together. Using hog hair as an example, the two-step process achieved a nearly 70% keratin recovery yield, with respect to the original keratin in the hog hair, which is comparable to one of the best recovery yields by conventional chemical processes. The extracted keratin hydrolysate by THP was filtered by the shear wave-induced membrane ultrafiltation for characterization. The molecular weight (MW) analysis using SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy has demonstrated that our keratin hydrolysis obtained by our two-step THP has a wide range of MW distribution, similar to those already in the hair-care product market. The amino acid composition analysis has shown that our keratin hydrolysate by THP had twice as much essential amino acids as soybean meals on a dry mattter basis. As to the cysteine residue content, we have shown that it can be controlled by adjusting the 2nd heating temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Tasaki
- Tomorrow Water, 1225 N Patt St., Anaheim, CA 92801, United States.
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18
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Carboxymethyl cellulose-human hair keratin hydrogel with controlled clindamycin release as antibacterial wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 147:1239-1247. [PMID: 31739046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study offers a new antibacterial wound dressing from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-human hair keratin with topical clindamycin delivery. Keratin was successfully extracted from human hair. Different sponges fabricated by changing CMC to keratin ratio were characterized and compared. Halloysite nanotubes were used as carriers to control the clindamycin release. Various characterization techniques were used to determine the effects of keratin addition on the structure, morphology, physical properties, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cellular behavior of CMC hydrogels. As proved by SEM and EDS, porous structure with interconnected pores was successfully formed and clindamycin-loaded HNTs were uniformly dispersed within the porous structures. Increasing the keratin in CMC hydrogel not only lowered its water vapor transmission rate to a suitable range for wound healing but also improved the water stability of CMC hydrogel. The in vitro release study indicated that clindamycin was released slower in samples containing higher keratin and the Fickian diffusion mechanism controlled their release profile. The fabricated dressing effectively inhibits S. aureus bacterial colonies growth after 24 h. Fibroblast culturing on the fabricated sponges indicated that cellular attachment, proliferation, and spreading were significantly enhanced with increasing the keratin amount.
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19
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Trent A, Van Dyke ME. Development and characterization of a biomimetic coating for percutaneous devices. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 182:110351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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20
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Lin CW, Chen YK, Tang KC, Yang KC, Cheng NC, Yu J. Keratin scaffolds with human adipose stem cells: Physical and biological effects toward wound healing. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1044-1058. [PMID: 30938939 DOI: 10.1002/term.2855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Keratin, a natural biomaterial derived from wool or human hair, has the intrinsic ability to interact with different types of cells and the potential to serve as a controllable extracellular matrix that can be used a scaffold for tissue engineering. In this study, we demonstrated a simple and fast technique to construct 3D keratin scaffolds for accelerated wound healing using a lyophilization method based on extraction of keratin from human hair. The physical properties of the keratin scaffolds such as water uptake, pore size, and porosity can be adjusted by changing the protein concentrations during the fabrication process. The keratin scaffolds supported human adipose stem cells (hASCs) adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. In vivo study performed on ICR mice showed that keratin scaffolds with hASCs shortened skin wound healing time, accelerated epithelialization, and promoted wound remodeling. Therefore, keratin scaffolds alone or together with hASCs may serve as therapeutic agents for repairing wounded tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Kai Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kao-Chun Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chiang Yang
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Reconstruction, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Pakkaner E, Yalçın D, Uysal B, Top A. Self-assembly behavior of the keratose proteins extracted from oxidized Ovis aries wool fibers. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:1008-1015. [PMID: 30572050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Water soluble keratose proteins were obtained from an Ovis Aries wool using peracetic acid oxidation. The wool samples and the extracted keratose proteins were characterized by using FTIR, XRD, SEM and TGA techniques. Fractions of α-keratose (MW = 43-53 kDa) along with protein species with molecular weights between 23 kDa and 33 kDa were identified in the SDS-PAGE analysis result of the extracted protein mixture. DLS and AFM experiments indicated that self-assembled globular nanoparticles with diameters between 15 nm and 100 nm formed at 5 mg/ml keratose concentration. On the other hand, upon incubation of 10 w % keratose solutions at 37 °C and 50 °C, interconnected keratose hydrogels with respective storage modulus (G') values of 0.17 ± 0.03 kPa and 3.7 ± 0.5 kPa were obtained. It was shown that the keratose hydrogel prepared at 37 °C supported L929 mouse fibroblast cell proliferation which suggested that these keratose hydrogels could be promising candidates in soft tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efecan Pakkaner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Damla Yalçın
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Berk Uysal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ayben Top
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey.
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22
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Abbasian M, Mousavi E, Khalili M, Arab‐Bafrani Z. Using of keratin substrate for enrichment of HT29 colorectal cancer stem‐like cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:1264-1271. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Abbasian
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, College of AgricultureIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | - Elham Mousavi
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyFaculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research CenterGolestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
| | - Zahra Arab‐Bafrani
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of MedicineGolestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
- Health technology Research CenterOxin Sabz Espadan Company, Esfahan university of Medical Sciences Esfahan Iran
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23
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Lin CW, Chen YK, Lu M, Lou KL, Yu J. Photo-Crosslinked Keratin/Chitosan Membranes as Potential Wound Dressing Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E987. [PMID: 30960912 PMCID: PMC6403811 DOI: 10.3390/polym10090987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we combined two kinds of natural polymers, chitosan and keratin, to develop a portable composite membrane via UV irradiation. UV-crosslinking without an additional chemical agent makes the fabrication more ideal by reducing reactants and avoiding residual toxic chemicals. This novel composite could perform synergistic functions benefitting from chitosan and keratin; including a strong mechanical strength, biodegradability, biocompatibility, better cell adhesion, and proliferation characteristics. Furthermore, compared with our previous research, this keratin-chitosan composite membrane was improved in that it was made to be portable, enabling it to be versatile and have various applications in vitro and in vivo. Based on these facts, this innovative composite membrane has high potential for serving as an outstanding candidate for wound healing or other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Wei Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Kai Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Long Lou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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24
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Recent advances on silver nanoparticle and biopolymer-based biomaterials for wound healing applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:165-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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Posati T, Giuri D, Nocchetti M, Sagnella A, Gariboldi M, Ferroni C, Sotgiu G, Varchi G, Zamboni R, Aluigi A. Keratin-hydrotalcites hybrid films for drug delivery applications. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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26
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Current approaches to the problem of carrier selection for limbal stem cells cultivation in the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency. OPHTHALMOLOGY JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.17816/ov11248-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases and damages of the ocular surface are one of the common causes of decreased vision and blindness. Dysfunction or death of limbal epithelial stem cells (LESC) plays an important role in the development of pathological processes in these conditions, which leads to the development of the limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Currently, one of the methods to treat LSCD is a transplantation of cultured ex vivo LESC. The most common carriers for the cultivation of LESC in the world is the amniotic membrane (AM). However, the presence of certain disadvantages in using AM for the cultivation of LESC compels to search new types of carriers made from biological or synthetic materials. In this review, we have analyzed various types of carriers: collagen, fibrin, chitosan with gelatin, silk fibroin, keratin, contact lenses, polylactide-co-glycolide, polycaprolactone, and the possibility of their application as carriers for the LESC cultivation followed by transplantation on the ocular surface is considered.
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27
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Lin CW, Yang KC, Cheng NC, Tsai WB, Lou KL, Yu J. Evaluation of adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells on keratin. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Cochis A, Ferraris S, Sorrentino R, Azzimonti B, Novara C, Geobaldo F, Truffa Giachet F, Vineis C, Varesano A, Sayed Abdelgeliel A, Spriano S, Rimondini L. Silver-doped keratin nanofibers preserve a titanium surface from biofilm contamination and favor soft-tissue healing. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:8366-8377. [PMID: 32264505 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01965c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is a severe condition affecting the success of transmucosal dental implants: tissue healing is severely limited by the inflammatory processes that come about to control homeostasis in the surrounding tissues. The main cause of peri-implantitis is bacterial biofilm infection; gingival fibroblasts play a pivotal role in regulating the inflammatory cascades. A new technology aimed at preventing bacterial colonization of titanium (Ti) implants, and enhancing the spread of gingival fibroblasts, is presented. Using electro-spinning, mirror-polished Ti disks were uniformly coated with keratin fibers obtained from discarded wool via sulfitolysis. The keratin-coated surfaces were then doped with silver (Ag) to introduce antibacterial properties, using different concentrations of silver nitrate as a precursor (0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 M). The resulting specimens were characterized in terms of morphology and chemical composition by FESEM, FTIR and XPS, revealing silver concentrations between 1.7 and 1.9%. Silver release into the medium was evaluated in the presence of cells (α-MEM) or bacteria (LB) by ICP; release was 0.2-1.4 mg l-1 for α-MEM, and 10-40 mg l-1 for LB. The antibacterial properties of the Ag-doped specimens were tested against a multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm through morphology (FESEM) and metabolic assay (XTT); reduction in viability was significant (p < 0.05; >80% reduction within 72 h). Lastly, the cytocompatibility of the specimens was confirmed using human primary gingival fibroblasts, whose viability, spread and matrix deposition were found to be comparable to those of untreated Ti polished controls (p > 0.05). Thus, Ag surface enrichment was effective in reducing viability and maturation of S. aureus biofilm, without compromising human cell viability. Moreover, cell spread was found to be very sensitive to keratin fiber stimulation. The strategy thus appears to be very promising to introduce surface features in line with the main requirements for transmucosal dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara (NO), Italy.
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29
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Parker RN, Roth KL, Kim C, McCord JP, Van Dyke ME, Grove TZ. Homo- and heteropolymer self-assembly of recombinant trichocytic keratins. Biopolymers 2017; 107. [PMID: 28741310 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, keratin biomaterials have shown impressive results as scaffolds for tissue engineering, wound healing, and nerve regeneration. In addition to its intrinsic biocompatibility, keratin interacts with specific cell receptors eliciting beneficial biochemical cues. However, during extraction from natural sources, such as hair and wool fibers, natural keratins are subject to extensive processing conditions that lead to formation of unwanted by-products. Additionally, natural keratins suffer from limited sequence tunability. Recombinant keratin proteins can overcome these drawbacks while maintaining the desired chemical and physical characteristics of natural keratins. Herein, we present the bacterial expression, purification, and solution characterization of human hair keratins K31 and K81. The obligate heterodimerization of the K31/K81 pair that results in formation of intermediate filaments is maintained in the recombinant proteins. Surprisingly, we have for the first time observed new zero- and one-dimensional nanostructures from homooligomerization of K81 and K31, respectively. Further analysis of the self-assembly mechanism highlights the importance of disulfide crosslinking in keratin self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael N Parker
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24060
| | - Kristina L Roth
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24060
| | - Christina Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24060
| | - Jennifer P McCord
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24060
| | - Mark E Van Dyke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24060
| | - Tijana Z Grove
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24060
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30
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Ferraris S, Truffa Giachet F, Miola M, Bertone E, Varesano A, Vineis C, Cochis A, Sorrentino R, Rimondini L, Spriano S. Nanogrooves and keratin nanofibers on titanium surfaces aimed at driving gingival fibroblasts alignment and proliferation without increasing bacterial adhesion. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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31
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Gokce O, Kasap M, Akpinar G, Ozkoc G. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro
evaluation of chicken feather fiber-thermoplastic polyurethane composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Gokce
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology; Kocaeli University; 41380 Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Murat Kasap
- Department of Medical Biology; Kocaeli University; 41380 Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Gurler Akpinar
- Department of Medical Biology; Kocaeli University; 41380 Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Guralp Ozkoc
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology; Kocaeli University; 41380 Kocaeli Turkey
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Kocaeli University; 41380 Kocaeli Turkey
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32
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Ramirez DOS, Carletto RA, Tonetti C, Giachet FT, Varesano A, Vineis C. Wool keratin film plasticized by citric acid for food packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Yao CH, Lee CY, Huang CH, Chen YS, Chen KY. Novel bilayer wound dressing based on electrospun gelatin/keratin nanofibrous mats for skin wound repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [PMID: 28629050 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A bilayer membrane (GKU) with a commercial polyurethane wound dressing as an outer layer and electrospun gelatin/keratin nanofibrous mat as an inner layer was fabricated as a novel wound dressing. Scanning electron micrographs showed that gelatin/keratin nanofibers had a uniform morphology and bead-free structure with average fiber diameter of 160.4nm. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay using L929 fibroblast cells indicated that the residues released from the gelatin/keratin composite nanofibrous mat accelerated cell proliferation. Cell attachment experiments revealed that adhered cells spread better and migrated deeper into the gelatin/keratin nanofibrous mat than that into the gelatin nanofibrous mat. In animal studies, compared with the bilayer membrane without keratin, gauze and commercial wound dressing, Comfeel®, GKU membrane gave much more number of blood vessels and a greater reduction in wound area at 4days, and better wound repair at 14days with a thicker epidermis and larger number of newly formed hair follicles. GKU membrane, thus, could be a good candidate for wound dressing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsu Yao
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40202, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hua Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Sheng Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan.
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34
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Passipieri JA, Baker HB, Siriwardane M, Ellenburg MD, Vadhavkar M, Saul JM, Tomblyn S, Burnett L, Christ GJ. Keratin Hydrogel Enhances In Vivo Skeletal Muscle Function in a Rat Model of Volumetric Muscle Loss. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:556-571. [PMID: 28169594 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries exceed the considerable intrinsic regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle, resulting in permanent functional and cosmetic deficits. VML and VML-like injuries occur in military and civilian populations, due to trauma and surgery as well as due to a host of congenital and acquired diseases/syndromes. Current therapeutic options are limited, and new approaches are needed for a more complete functional regeneration of muscle. A potential solution is human hair-derived keratin (KN) biomaterials that may have significant potential for regenerative therapy. The goal of these studies was to evaluate the utility of keratin hydrogel formulations as a cell and/or growth factor delivery vehicle for functional muscle regeneration in a surgically created VML injury in the rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. VML injuries were treated with KN hydrogels in the absence and presence of skeletal muscle progenitor cells (MPCs), and/or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and/or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Controls included VML injuries with no repair (NR), and implantation of bladder acellular matrix (BAM, without cells). Initial studies conducted 8 weeks post-VML injury indicated that application of keratin hydrogels with growth factors (KN, KN+IGF-1, KN+bFGF, and KN+IGF-1+bFGF, n = 8 each) enabled a significantly greater functional recovery than NR (n = 7), BAM (n = 8), or the addition of MPCs to the keratin hydrogel (KN+MPC, KN+MPC+IGF-1, KN+MPC+bFGF, and KN+MPC+IGF-1+bFGF, n = 8 each) (p < 0.05). A second series of studies examined functional recovery for as many as 12 weeks post-VML injury after application of keratin hydrogels in the absence of cells. A significant time-dependent increase in functional recovery of the KN, KN+bFGF, and KN+IGF+bFGF groups was observed, relative to NR and BAM implantation, achieving as much as 90% of the maximum possible functional recovery. Histological findings from harvested tissue at 12 weeks post-VML injury documented significant increases in neo-muscle tissue formation in all keratin treatment groups as well as diminished fibrosis, in comparison to both BAM and NR. In conclusion, keratin hydrogel implantation promoted statistically significant and physiologically relevant improvements in functional outcomes post-VML injury to the rodent TA muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Passipieri
- 1 Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia.,2 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - H B Baker
- 2 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,3 Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland
| | - Mevan Siriwardane
- 2 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Manasi Vadhavkar
- 2 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Justin M Saul
- 5 Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University , Oxford, Ohio
| | - Seth Tomblyn
- 4 KeraNetics, LLC , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Luke Burnett
- 4 KeraNetics, LLC , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - George J Christ
- 1 Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia.,2 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,6 Orthopaedics Department, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
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Jain A, Ravi V, Muhamed J, Chatterjee K, Sundaresan NR. A simplified protocol for culture of murine neonatal cardiomyocytes on nanoscale keratin coated surfaces. Int J Cardiol 2017; 232:160-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Girard D, Laverdet B, Buhé V, Trouillas M, Ghazi K, Alexaline MM, Egles C, Misery L, Coulomb B, Lataillade JJ, Berthod F, Desmoulière A. Biotechnological Management of Skin Burn Injuries: Challenges and Perspectives in Wound Healing and Sensory Recovery. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2017; 23:59-82. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothée Girard
- University of Limoges, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies (EA 6309), Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, Limoges, France
| | - Betty Laverdet
- University of Limoges, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies (EA 6309), Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, Limoges, France
| | - Virginie Buhé
- University of Western Brittany, Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest (EA 4685), Brest, France
| | - Marina Trouillas
- Paris Sud University, Unité mixte Inserm/SSA 1197, IRBA/CTSA/HIA Percy, École du Val de Grâce, Clamart, France
| | - Kamélia Ghazi
- Sorbonne University, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche Royallieu, Compiègne, France
| | - Maïa M. Alexaline
- Paris Sud University, Unité mixte Inserm/SSA 1197, IRBA/CTSA/HIA Percy, École du Val de Grâce, Clamart, France
| | - Christophe Egles
- Sorbonne University, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche Royallieu, Compiègne, France
| | - Laurent Misery
- University of Western Brittany, Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest (EA 4685), Brest, France
| | - Bernard Coulomb
- Paris Sud University, Unité mixte Inserm/SSA 1197, IRBA/CTSA/HIA Percy, École du Val de Grâce, Clamart, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Lataillade
- Paris Sud University, Unité mixte Inserm/SSA 1197, IRBA/CTSA/HIA Percy, École du Val de Grâce, Clamart, France
| | - François Berthod
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexis Desmoulière
- University of Limoges, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies (EA 6309), Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, Limoges, France
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Lin YH, Huang KW, Chen SY, Cheng NC, Yu J. Keratin/chitosan UV-crosslinked composites promote the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4614-4622. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00188f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A photocrosslinkable natural polymer, keratin/chitosan composite, promotes the aggregation and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hao Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- College of Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- College of Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- College of Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery
- National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
- Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- College of Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
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Tran CD, Prosenc F, Franko M, Benzi G. One-Pot Synthesis of Biocompatible Silver Nanoparticle Composites from Cellulose and Keratin: Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34791-34801. [PMID: 27998108 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel, simple method was developed to synthesize biocompatible composites containing 50% cellulose (CEL) and 50% keratin (KER) and silver in the form of either ionic (Ag+) or Ag0 nanoparticles (Ag+NPs or Ag0NPs). In this method, butylmethylimmidazolium chloride ([BMIm+Cl-]), a simple ionic liquid, was used as the sole solvent and silver chloride was added to the [BMIm+Cl-] solution of [CEL+KER] during the dissolution process. The silver in the composites can be maintained as ionic silver (Ag+) or completely converted to metallic silver (Ag0) by reducing it with NaBH4. The results of spectroscopy [Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction (XRD)] and imaging [scanning electron microscopy (SEM)] measurements confirm that CEL and KER remain chemically intact and homogeneously distributed in the composites. Powder XRD and SEM results show that the silver in the [CEL+KER+Ag+] and [CEL+KER+Ag0] composites is homogeneously distributed throughout the composites in either Ag+ (in the form of AgClNPs) or Ag0NPs form with sizes of 27 ± 2 or 9 ± 1 nm, respectively. Both composites were found to exhibit excellent antibacterial activity against many bacteria including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and vancomycin-resistant Enterococus faecalis (VRE). The antibacterial activity of both composites increases with the Ag+ or Ag0 content in the composites. More importantly, for the same bacteria and the same silver content, the [CEL+KER+AgClNPs] composite is relatively more toxic than [CEL+KER+Ag0NPs] composite. Experimental results confirm that there was hardly any Ag0NPs release from the [CEL+KER+Ag0NPs] composite, and hence its antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility is due not to any released Ag0NPs but rather entirely to the Ag0NPs embedded in the composite. Both AgClNPs and Ag0NPs were found to be toxic to human fibroblasts at higher concentration (>0.72 mmol), and for the same silver content, the [CEL+KER+AgClNPs] composite is relatively more toxic than the [CEL+KER+Ag0NPs] composite. As expected, by lowering the Ag0NPs concentration to 0.48 mmol or less, the [CEL+KER+Ag0NPs] composite can be made biocompatible while still retaining its antimicrobial activity against bacteria such as E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, MRSA, and VRE. These results, together with our previous finding that [CEL+KER] composites can be used for the controlled delivery of drugs such as ciprofloxacin, clearly indicate that the [CEL+KER+Ag0NPs] composite possesses all of the required properties for it to be successfully used as a high-performance dressing to treat chronic ulcerous infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieu D Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University , P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, United States
| | - Franja Prosenc
- Laboratory for Environmental Research, University of Nova Gorica , Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Mladen Franko
- Laboratory for Environmental Research, University of Nova Gorica , Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Gerald Benzi
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University , P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, United States
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Soluble eggshell membrane: A natural protein to improve the properties of biomaterials used for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 67:807-821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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40
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Li Y, Wang Y, Ye J, Yuan J, Xiao Y. Fabrication of poly(ε-caprolactone)/keratin nanofibrous mats as a potential scaffold for vascular tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 68:177-183. [PMID: 27524010 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The natural abundance of cell adhesion sequences, RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) and LDV (Leu-Asp-Val) in the keratins make them suitable as biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. Herein, keratins were coelectrospun with poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL) at the ratio of 9/1, 8/2, and 7/3 to afford nanofibrous mats. The resulting mats were surface-characterized by ATR-FTIR, SEM, WCA, and XPS. Cell attachment data showed that NIH 3T3 cells adhered more to the PCL/keratin nanofibrous mats than the pristine PCL mats. The MTT assay revealed that the PCL/keratin mats had improved cell viability. The blood clotting time test (APTT, PT, and TT) indicated the PCL/keratin mats exerted good blood compatibility. These mats would be a good candidate as a scaffold for vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingjie Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yinghong Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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41
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Thompson ZS, Rijal NP, Jarvis D, Edwards A, Bhattarai N. Synthesis of Keratin-based Nanofiber for Biomedical Engineering. J Vis Exp 2016:e53381. [PMID: 26889917 DOI: 10.3791/53381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning, due to its versatility and potential for applications in various fields, is being frequently used to fabricate nanofibers. Production of these porous nanofibers is of great interest due to their unique physiochemical properties. Here we elaborate on the fabrication of keratin containing poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers (i.e., PCL/keratin composite fiber). Water soluble keratin was first extracted from human hair and mixed with PCL in different ratios. The blended solution of PCL/keratin was transformed into nanofibrous membranes using a laboratory designed electrospinning set up. Fiber morphology and mechanical properties of the obtained nanofiber were observed and measured using scanning electron microscopy and tensile tester. Furthermore, degradability and chemical properties of the nanofiber were studied by FTIR. SEM images showed uniform surface morphology for PCL/keratin fibers of different compositions. These PCL/keratin fibers also showed excellent mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and failure point. Fibroblast cells were able to attach and proliferate thus proving good cell viability. Based on the characteristics discussed above, we can strongly argue that the blended nanofibers of natural and synthetic polymers can represent an excellent development of composite materials that can be used for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanshe S Thompson
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University
| | - Nava P Rijal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University
| | - David Jarvis
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University
| | - Angela Edwards
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University
| | - Narayan Bhattarai
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University; NSF ERC for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University;
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42
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Wang Y, Li P, Xiang P, Lu J, Yuan J, Shen J. Electrospun polyurethane/keratin/AgNP biocomposite mats for biocompatible and antibacterial wound dressings. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:635-648. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02358k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Keratin based biomaterials have emerged as potential candidates for various biomedical and biotechnological applications due to their intrinsic biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical durability, and natural abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
| | - Pengfei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
| | - Ping Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of the Environment
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Jueting Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
| | - Jiang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
| | - Jian Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
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Wu YL, Lin CW, Cheng NC, Yang KC, Yu J. Modulation of keratin in adhesion, proliferation, adipogenic, and osteogenic differentiation of porcine adipose-derived stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 105:180-192. [PMID: 26454254 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Recently, keratin attracts tremendous interest because of its intrinsic ability to interact with different cells. It has the potential to serve as a controllable extracellular matrix protein that can be used to demonstrate cell mechanism and cell-matrix interaction. However, there have been relatively few studies on the effects of keratin on stem cells. In the present work, we study the effects of human keratin on porcine adipose-derived stem cells (pASCs) and a series of selective cell lines: 3T3 fibroblasts, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, and MG63 osteoblasts. Relative to un-treated culture plate, our results showed that keratin coating substrates promote cell adhesion and proliferation to above cell lines. Keratin also improved pASCs adhesion, proliferation, and enhanced cell viability. Evaluation of genetic markers showed that adipogenic and osteogenic differentiations of pASCs can be successfully induced, thus demonstrating that keratin did not influence the stemness of pASCs. Furthermore, keratin improved adipogenic differentiations of pASCs in terms of up-regulations in lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha. The osteogenic markers type I collagen, runt-related transcription factor 2, and vitamin D receptor were also upregulated when pASCs cultured on keratin substrates. Therefore, keratin can serve as a biological derived material for surface modification and scaffold fabrication for biomedical purpose. The combination of keratin with stem cells may be a potential candidate for tissue repair in the field of regenerative medicine. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 180-192, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10031, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chiang Yang
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Wang Y, Zhang W, Yuan J, Shen J. Differences in cytocompatibility between collagen, gelatin and keratin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 59:30-34. [PMID: 26652345 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Keratins are cysteine-rich intermediate filament proteins found in the cytoskeleton of the epithelial cells and in the matrix of hair, feathers, wool, nails and horns. The natural abundance of cell adhesion sequences, RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) and LDV (Leu-Asp-Val), makes them suitable for tissue engineering applications. The purpose of our study is to evaluate their cytocompatibility as compared to well-known collagen and gelatin proteins. Herein, collagen, gelatin and keratin were blended with poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and electrospun to afford nanofibrous mats, respectively. These PHBV/protein composite mats were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The cytocompatibility was evaluated with cell adhesion, cell viability and cell proliferation. The data from MTT and BrDU revealed that collagen had significantly superior cytocompatibility as compared to gelatin and keratin. Gelatin showed a better cytocompatibility than keratin without statistical significance difference. Finally, we gave the reasons to account for the above conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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45
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Puglia D, Ceccolini R, Fortunati E, Armentano I, Morena F, Martino S, Aluigi A, Torre L, Kenny JM. Effect of processing techniques on the 3D microstructure of poly (l-lactic acid) scaffolds reinforced with wool keratin from different sources. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debora Puglia
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department; UdR INSTM, University of Perugia; Terni 05100 Italy
| | - Romina Ceccolini
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department; UdR INSTM, University of Perugia; Terni 05100 Italy
| | - Elena Fortunati
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department; UdR INSTM, University of Perugia; Terni 05100 Italy
| | - Ilaria Armentano
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department; UdR INSTM, University of Perugia; Terni 05100 Italy
| | - Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology; University of Perugia; Perugia 06123 Italy
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology; University of Perugia; Perugia 06123 Italy
| | - Annalisa Aluigi
- CNR-ISOF, Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity; Bologna 40129 Italy
| | - Luigi Torre
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department; UdR INSTM, University of Perugia; Terni 05100 Italy
| | - Jose M Kenny
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department; UdR INSTM, University of Perugia; Terni 05100 Italy
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Curcio M, Blanco-Fernandez B, Diaz-Gomez L, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Hydrophobically Modified Keratin Vesicles for GSH-Responsive Intracellular Drug Release. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1900-7. [PMID: 26287808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Redox-responsive polymersomes were prepared by self-assembly of a hydrophobically modified keratin and employing a water addition/solvent evaporation method. Polyethylene glycol-40 stearate (PEG40ST) was chosen as hydrophobic block to be coupled to keratin via radical grafting. The amphiphilic polymer exhibited low critical aggregation concentration (CAC; 10 μg/mL), indicating a good thermodynamic stability. The polymeric vesicles loaded both hydrophilic methotrexate and hydrophobic curcumin with high entrapment efficiencies, and showed a GSH-dependent drug release rate. Confocal studies on HeLa cells revealed that the obtained polymersomes were efficiently internalized. Biocompatibility properties of the proposed delivery vehicle were assessed in HET-CAM test and Balb-3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Polymersomes loaded with either methotrexate or curcumin inhibited HeLa and CHO-K1 cancer cells proliferation. Overall, the proposed keratin polymersomes could be efficient nanocarriers for chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Barbara Blanco-Fernandez
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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47
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Pan S, Yin X, He YF, Xiong Y, Wang RM. Influence of Preparation Conditions on the Properties of Keratin-Based Polymer Hydrogel. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-015-1676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Tran CD, Mututuvari TM. Cellulose, chitosan, and keratin composite materials. Controlled drug release. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:1516-26. [PMID: 25548871 PMCID: PMC4318626 DOI: 10.1021/la5034367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A method was developed in which cellulose (CEL) and/or chitosan (CS) were added to keratin (KER) to enable [CEL/CS+KER] composites to have better mechanical strength and wider utilization. Butylmethylimmidazolium chloride ([BMIm(+)Cl(-)]), an ionic liquid, was used as the sole solvent, and because the [BMIm(+)Cl(-)] used was recovered, the method is green and recyclable. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results confirm that KER, CS, and CEL remain chemically intact in the composites. Tensile strength results expectedly show that adding CEL or CS into KER substantially increases the mechanical strength of the composites. We found that CEL, CS, and KER can encapsulate drugs such as ciprofloxacin (CPX) and then release the drug either as a single or as two- or three-component composites. Interestingly, release rates of CPX by CEL and CS either as a single or as [CEL+CS] composite are faster and independent of concentration of CS and CEL. Conversely, the release rate by KER is much slower, and when incorporated into CEL, CS, or CEL+CS, it substantially slows the rate as well. Furthermore, the reducing rate was found to correlate with the concentration of KER in the composites. KER, a protein, is known to have secondary structure, whereas CEL and CS exist only in random form. This makes KER structurally denser than CEL and CS; hence, KER releases the drug slower than CEL and CS. The results clearly indicate that drug release can be controlled and adjusted at any rate by judiciously selecting the concentration of KER in the composites. Furthermore, the fact that the [CEL+CS+KER] composite has combined properties of its components, namely, superior mechanical strength (CEL), hemostasis and bactericide (CS), and controlled drug release (KER), indicates that this novel composite can be used in ways which hitherto were not possible, e.g., as a high-performance bandage to treat chronic and ulcerous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieu D. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University,
P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Tamutsiwa M. Mututuvari
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University,
P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
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49
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Borrelli M, Joepen N, Reichl S, Finis D, Schoppe M, Geerling G, Schrader S. Keratin films for ocular surface reconstruction: Evaluation of biocompatibility in an in-vivo model. Biomaterials 2015; 42:112-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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50
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Zhi X, Wang Y, Li P, Yuan J, Shen J. Preparation of keratin/chlorhexidine complex nanoparticles for long-term and dual stimuli-responsive release. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16253j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale polyion complex formation via the electrostatic complexation of a polyelectrolyte and a charged drug is the most convenient method for building a drug delivery system that simultaneously realizes the carrier preparation and drug embedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Zhi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Jiang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Jian Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
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