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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Ramos-Campo DJ, Beltran-Velasco AI, Martínez-Guardado I, Navarro Jimenez E, Redondo-Flórez L, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Basis of preventive and non-pharmacological interventions in asthma. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1172391. [PMID: 37920579 PMCID: PMC10619920 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1172391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common atopic disorders in all stages of life. Its etiology is likely due to a complex interaction between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Due to this, different non-pharmacological interventions can be implemented to reduce or alleviate the symptoms caused by this disease. Thus, the present narrative review aimed to analyze the preventive and non-pharmacological interventions such as physical exercise, physiotherapy, nutritional, ergonutritional, and psychological strategies in asthma treatment. To reach these aims, an extensive narrative review was conducted. The databases used were MedLine (PubMed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase, PsychINFO, and CinAhl. Asthma is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition characterized by increased responsiveness to bronchoconstrictor stimuli. Different factors have been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma, however, the treatments used to reduce its incidence are more controversial. Physical activity is focused on the benefits that aerobic training can provide, while physiotherapy interventions recommend breathing exercises to improve the quality of life of patients. Nutritional interventions are targeted on implement diets that prioritize the consumption of fruits and vegetables and supplementation with antioxidants. Psychological interventions have been proposed as an essential non-pharmacological tool to reduce the emotional problems associated with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Studies Centre in Applied Combat (CESCA), Toledo, Spain
| | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ismael Martínez-Guardado
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jose Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Studies Centre in Applied Combat (CESCA), Toledo, Spain
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Semler MW, Casey JD, Lloyd BD, Hastings PG, Hays MA, Stollings JL, Buell KG, Brems JH, Qian ET, Seitz KP, Wang L, Lindsell CJ, Freundlich RE, Wanderer JP, Han JH, Bernard GR, Self WH, Rice TW. Oxygen-Saturation Targets for Critically Ill Adults Receiving Mechanical Ventilation. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:1759-1769. [PMID: 36278971 PMCID: PMC9724830 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2208415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill adults involves adjusting the fraction of inspired oxygen to maintain arterial oxygen saturation. The oxygen-saturation target that will optimize clinical outcomes in this patient population remains unknown. METHODS In a pragmatic, cluster-randomized, cluster-crossover trial conducted in the emergency department and medical intensive care unit at an academic center, we assigned adults who were receiving mechanical ventilation to a lower target for oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (Spo2) (90%; goal range, 88 to 92%), an intermediate target (94%; goal range, 92 to 96%), or a higher target (98%; goal range, 96 to 100%). The primary outcome was the number of days alive and free of mechanical ventilation (ventilator-free days) through day 28. The secondary outcome was death by day 28, with data censored at hospital discharge. RESULTS A total of 2541 patients were included in the primary analysis. The median number of ventilator-free days was 20 (interquartile range, 0 to 25) in the lower-target group, 21 (interquartile range, 0 to 25) in the intermediate-target group, and 21 (interquartile range, 0 to 26) in the higher-target group (P = 0.81). In-hospital death by day 28 occurred in 281 of the 808 patients (34.8%) in the lower-target group, 292 of the 859 patients (34.0%) in the intermediate-target group, and 290 of the 874 patients (33.2%) in the higher-target group. The incidences of cardiac arrest, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and pneumothorax were similar in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Among critically ill adults receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, the number of ventilator-free days did not differ among groups in which a lower, intermediate, or higher Spo2 target was used. (Supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others; PILOT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03537937.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Semler
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Jonathan D Casey
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Bradley D Lloyd
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Pamela G Hastings
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Margaret A Hays
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Joanna L Stollings
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Kevin G Buell
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - John H Brems
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Edward T Qian
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Kevin P Seitz
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Li Wang
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Christopher J Lindsell
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Robert E Freundlich
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Jonathan P Wanderer
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Jin H Han
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Gordon R Bernard
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Wesley H Self
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
| | - Todd W Rice
- From the Divisions of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine (M.W.S., J.D.C., M.A.H., E.T.Q., K.P.S., G.R.B., T.W.R.) and Respiratory Care (B.D.L., P.G.H.), the Departments of Pharmaceutical Services (J.L.S.), Medicine (K.G.B., J.H.B.), Biostatistics (L.W., C.J.L.), Anesthesiology (R.E.F., J.P.W.), Biomedical Informatics (R.E.F., J.P.W.), and Emergency Medicine (J.H.H., W.H.S.), and the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (G.R.B., W.H.S., T.W.R.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (J.H.H.) - all in Nashville
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Jiang S, Chen Y. The role of sulfur compounds in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:928287. [PMID: 36339716 PMCID: PMC9626809 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.928287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease that brings about great social and economic burden, with oxidative stress and inflammation affecting the whole disease progress. Sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), thiols, and persulfides/polysulfides have intrinsic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability, which is engaged in the pathophysiological process of COPD. Hydrogen sulfide mainly exhibits its function by S-sulfidation of the cysteine residue of the targeted proteins. It also interacts with nitric oxide and acts as a potential biomarker for the COPD phenotype. Thiols’ redox buffer such as the glutathione redox couple is a major non-enzymatic redox buffer reflecting the oxidative stress in the organism. The disturbance of redox buffers was often detected in patients with COPD, and redressing the balance could delay COPD exacerbation. Sulfane sulfur refers to a divalent sulfur atom bonded with another sulfur atom. Among them, persulfides and polysulfides have an evolutionarily conserved modification with antiaging effects. Sulfur compounds and their relative signaling pathways are also associated with the development of comorbidities in COPD. Synthetic compounds which can release H2S and persulfides in the organism have gradually been developed. Naturally extracted sulfur compounds with pharmacological effects also aroused great interest. This study discussed the biological functions and mechanisms of sulfur compounds in regulating COPD and its comorbidities.
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Yu J, Liu X, Wang K, Wang H, Han Y, Kang J, Deng R, Zhou H, Duan Z. Underlying mechanism of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder in the treatment of broiler ascites syndrome. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102144. [PMID: 36334473 PMCID: PMC9640339 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Broiler ascites syndrome (AS), is a nutritional and metabolic disease that occurs in fast-growing commercial broiler chickens. AS can cause poor growth and a significant increase in the rate of broiler deaths, which has resulted in serious economic losses to the poultry industry. The classic traditional Chinese medicine Qiling Jiaogulan Powder (QLJP) has been demonstrated to have a certain therapeutic effect on broiler AS. However, its pharmacological mechanism remains to be elucidated. This study was performed to investigate the multitarget action mechanism of QLJP in the treatment of broiler AS based on network pharmacology analysis using a broiler AS model. First, all chemical components and targets of QLJP were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Targets related to broiler AS were further obtained through the GeneCards database and the NCBI Gene sub-database. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Then, enrichment analyses were performed to predict the potential mechanisms of QLJP in the treatment of broiler AS. Finally, the treatment effect of QLJP on AS was verified in a broiler AS model. Network pharmacology analysis generated 49 active ingredients and 167 core targets of QLJP, and a QLJP-single drug-target-disease network was successfully constructed. Gene enrichment analysis indicated that the core targets have played major roles in the Cell cycle, FOXO signaling pathways, etc. We demonstrated that QLJP improved clinical and organ damage symptoms and significantly reduced the ascites heart index in broilers with AS induced by administration of high-energy, high-protein diets and high-sodium drinking water in a low-temperature environment. QLJP may regulate lung oxidative stress, the cell cycle and apoptosis by activating the FOXO3a signaling pathway to interfere with the occurrence and development of AS in broilers. QLJP administration may be a good clinical strategy for the prevention and treatment of broiler AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030800, China
| | - Xingyou Liu
- School of Life Science and Basic Medicine, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Keyao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030800, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030800, China
| | - Yufeng Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030800, China
| | - Jie Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030800, China
| | - Ruiqiang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030800, China
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030800, China
| | - Zhibian Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030800, China,Corresponding author:
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Hossain ME, Akter N. Further insights into the prevention of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ascites) in broiler: a 65-year review. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2022.2090305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Emran Hossain
- Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Bangladesh
| | - Nasima Akter
- Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Bangladesh
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6
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Nishida C, Yatera K. The Impact of Ambient Environmental and Occupational Pollution on Respiratory Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2788. [PMID: 35270479 PMCID: PMC8910713 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ambient pollutants and occupational pollutants may cause and exacerbate various lung and respiratory diseases. This review describes lung and respiratory diseases in relation to ambient pollutants, particularly particulate matter (PM2.5), and occupational air pollutants, excluding communicable diseases and indoor pollutants, including tobacco smoke exposure. PM2.5 produced by combustion is an important ambient pollutant. PM2.5 can cause asthma attacks and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the short term. Further, it not only carries a risk of lung cancer and death, but also hinders the development of lung function in children in the long term. It has recently been suggested that air pollution, such as PM2.5, is a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Asbestos, which causes asbestosis, lung cancer, and malignant mesothelioma, and crystalline silica, which cause silicosis, are well-known traditional occupational pollutants leading to pneumoconiosis. While work-related asthma (WRA) is the most common occupational lung disease in recent years, many different agents cause WRA, including natural and synthetic chemicals and irritant gases. Primary preventive interventions that increase awareness of pollutants and reduce the development and exacerbation of diseases caused by air pollutants are paramount to addressing ambient and occupational pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuhiro Yatera
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan;
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Semler MW, Casey JD, Lloyd BD, Hastings PG, Hays M, Roth M, Stollings J, Brems J, Buell KG, Wang L, Lindsell CJ, Freundlich RE, Wanderer JP, Bernard GR, Self WH, Rice TW. Protocol and statistical analysis plan for the Pragmatic Investigation of optimaL Oxygen Targets (PILOT) clinical trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e052013. [PMID: 34711597 PMCID: PMC8557284 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mechanical ventilation of intensive care unit (ICU) patients universally involves titration of the fraction of inspired oxygen to maintain arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). However, the optimal SpO2 target remains unknown. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Pragmatic Investigation of optimaL Oxygen Targets (PILOT) trial is a prospective, unblinded, pragmatic, cluster-crossover trial being conducted in the emergency department (ED) and medical ICU at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. PILOT compares use of a lower SpO2 target (target 90% and goal range: 88%-92%), an intermediate SpO2 target (target 94% and goal range: 92%-96%) and a higher SpO2 target (target 98% and goal range: 96%-100%). The study units are assigned to a single SpO2 target (cluster-level allocation) for each 2-month study block, and the assigned SpO2 target switches every 2 months in a randomly generated sequence (cluster-level crossover). The primary outcome is ventilator-free days (VFDs) to study day 28, defined as the number of days alive and free of invasive mechanical ventilation from the final receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation through 28 days after enrolment. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The trial was approved by the Vanderbilt Institutional Review Board. The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at one or more scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The trial protocol was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 25 May 2018 prior to initiation of patient enrolment (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03537937).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Semler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan D Casey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bradley D Lloyd
- Division of Respiratory Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Pamela G Hastings
- Division of Respiratory Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Margaret Hays
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Megan Roth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joanna Stollings
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - John Brems
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kevin George Buell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Schoool of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christopher J Lindsell
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Schoool of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert E Freundlich
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan P Wanderer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gordon R Bernard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wesley H Self
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Todd W Rice
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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8
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Alwarith J, Kahleova H, Crosby L, Brooks A, Brandon L, Levin SM, Barnard ND. The role of nutrition in asthma prevention and treatment. Nutr Rev 2021; 78:928-938. [PMID: 32167552 PMCID: PMC7550896 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and hyperreactivity. Prevalence has continued to rise in recent decades as Western dietary patterns have become more pervasive. Evidence suggests that diets emphasizing the consumption of plant-based foods might protect against asthma development and improve asthma symptoms through their effects on systemic inflammation, oxidation, and microbial composition. Additionally, increased fruit and vegetable intake, reduced animal product consumption, and weight management might mediate cytokine release, free radical damage, and immune responses involved in the development and course of asthma. The specific aim of this review paper is to examine the current literature on the associations between dietary factors and asthma risk and control in children and adults. Clinical trials examining the mechanism(s) by which dietary factors influence asthma outcomes are necessary to identify the potential use of nutritional therapy in the prevention and management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Alwarith
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hana Kahleova
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lee Crosby
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexa Brooks
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Susan M Levin
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Neal D Barnard
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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9
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Jumat MI, Hayati F, Syed Abdul Rahim SS, Saupin S, Awang Lukman K, Jeffree MS, Lasimbang HB, Kadir F. Occupational lung disease: A narrative review of lung conditions from the workplace. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 64:102245. [PMID: 33854771 PMCID: PMC8027683 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational lung diseases are lung conditions caused or made worse by materials when a person is exposed to a workplace. The diagnosis of an occupational disease is important for workers' decision to continue work and for their eligibility under compensation programmes. We revisit the existing lung diseases that are closely associated with the occupation at the workplace namely occupational asthma, silicosis, black lung disease, farmers' lung disease, asbestos-linked disease, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Occupational lung diseases contribute toward global health and economic impacts. Prevention and control of occupational lung diseases require a collaborative effort among employers, workers, occupational physicians, pulmonary physicians, industrial hygienists, and members from other disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Iskandar Jumat
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Firdaus Hayati
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | | | - Sahipudin Saupin
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Khamisah Awang Lukman
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Saffree Jeffree
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Helen Benedict Lasimbang
- Department of Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Fairrul Kadir
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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10
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Kose O, Tomatis M, Turci F, Belblidia NB, Hochepied JF, Pourchez J, Forest V. Short Preirradiation of TiO 2 Nanoparticles Increases Cytotoxicity on Human Lung Coculture System. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:733-742. [PMID: 33459025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are used in a large range of industrial applications mainly due to their photocatalytic properties. Before entering the lung, virtually all TiO2 NPs are exposed to some UV light, and lung toxicity of TiO2 NPs might be influenced by photoexcitation that is known to alter TiO2 surface properties. Although the TiO2 NPs toxicity has been extensively investigated, limited data are available regarding the toxicity of TiO2 NPs that have been pre-exposed to UV light, and their impact on humans remains unknown. In this study, five types of TiO2NPs with tailored physicochemical features were characterized and irradiated by UV for 30 min. Following irradiation, cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory response, and oxidative stress on a human lung coculture system (A549 epithelial cells and macrophages differentiated from THP-1 cells) were assessed. The surface charge of all samples was less negative after UV irradiation of TiO2 NPs, and the average aggregate size was slightly increased. A higher cytotoxic effect was observed for preirradiated TiO2 NPs compared to nonirradiated samples. Preirradiation of TiO2 NPs had no significant impact on the pro-inflammatory response and oxidative stress as shown by a similar production of IL-8, TNF-α, and reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Kose
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Maura Tomatis
- Dipartimento di Chimica and "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Center for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Turci
- Dipartimento di Chimica and "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Center for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Naila-Besma Belblidia
- Mines ParisTech, PSL Research University, MAT - Centre des Matériaux, CNRS UMR 7633, BP 87 91003 Evry, France.,ENSTA ParisTech UCP, Institut Polytechnique Paris, 828 bd des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Jean-François Hochepied
- Mines ParisTech, PSL Research University, MAT - Centre des Matériaux, CNRS UMR 7633, BP 87 91003 Evry, France.,ENSTA ParisTech UCP, Institut Polytechnique Paris, 828 bd des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Jérémie Pourchez
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Valérie Forest
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
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11
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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Blood Glutathione Redox State in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111146. [PMID: 33218130 PMCID: PMC7698942 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the blood concentrations of the total and reduced forms of the low-molecular-weight antioxidant thiol glutathione (GSH) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in comparison to healthy individuals. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception until June 2020. In the 18 studies identified (involving a total of 974 COPD patients and 631 healthy controls), the pooled reduced GSH concentrations were significantly lower in patients with COPD than controls (SMD = -3.04, 95% CI = -4.42 to -1.67; p < 0.001). By contrast, the pooled total GSH concentrations were significantly higher in patients with COPD than controls (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.73; p = 0.009). Our meta-analysis showed that the blood concentrations of reduced GSH, even in the presence of higher total GSH concentrations, were significantly lower in patients with COPD when compared to healthy controls. This suggests that an impaired antioxidant defense system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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12
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Patel P, Barve K, Bhatt LK. Narirutin-rich fraction from grape fruit peel protects against transient cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:920-930. [PMID: 32965176 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1821518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability in adults worldwide. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Narirutin-rich fraction (NRF), obtained from grape fruit peel, on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.Methods: Male Wistar rats (180-200 g) were subjected to bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h to induce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. NRF (150, 300 mg/kg, oral) was administered for 7 days continuously before animals were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Various behavioral tests (for measurement of motor coordination, locomotor activity, and spatial memory), biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity), and histopathological alterations were assessed.Results: Seven-day NRF (150 and 300 mg/kg) pretreatment significantly improved neurobehavioral alterations and histological findings as compared to the disease control group. Further NRF treatment significantly reduced oxidative damage as indicated by improved lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity as compared to disease control animals.Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the protective effect of NRF against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. The results suggest that NRF can be a potential pretreatment option against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paresh Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Kalyani Barve
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, NMIMS University, Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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13
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Delmotte P, Sieck GC. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Function in Airway Smooth Muscle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:374. [PMID: 32010691 PMCID: PMC6974519 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma affect more than 300 million people world-wide. Inflammation triggers pathophysiology via such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukins (e.g., IL-13). Hypercontraction of airway smooth muscle (ASM) and ASM cell proliferation are major contributors to the exaggerated airway narrowing that occurs during agonist stimulation. An emergent theme in this context is the role of inflammation-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and altered mitochondrial function including an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This may establish a vicious cycle as excess ROS generation leads to further ER stress. Yet, it is unclear whether inflammation-induced ROS is the major mechanism leading to ER stress or the consequence of ER stress. In various diseases, inflammation leads to an increase in mitochondrial fission (fragmentation), associated with reduced levels of mitochondrial fusion proteins, such as mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). Mitochondrial fragmentation may be a homeostatic response since it is generally coupled with mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial volume density thereby reducing demand on individual mitochondrion. ER stress is triggered by the accumulation of unfolded proteins, which induces a homeostatic response to alter protein balance via effects on protein synthesis and degradation. In addition, the ER stress response promotes protein folding via increased expression of molecular chaperone proteins. Reduced Mfn2 and altered mitochondrial dynamics may not only be downstream to ER stress but also upstream such that a reduction in Mfn2 triggers further ER stress. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the link between inflammation-induced ER stress and mitochondrial function and the role played in the pathophysiology of inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Delmotte
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Gary C Sieck
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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14
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Kim T, Choi H, Kim J. Association Between Dietary Nutrient Intake and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Severity: A Nationwide Population-Based Representative Sample. COPD 2019; 17:49-58. [PMID: 31833439 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2019.1698530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Several nutrients have been suggested to protect against airway destruction via antioxidant activity. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between disease severity and dietary nutrient intake in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Of the 22,948 participants, 702 patients (418 men and 284 women) with COPD, who were defined as the fifth percentile from a reference population were selected. The severity of airflow limitation was measured by the predicted percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%). The Jonckheere-Terpstra test was used to evaluate the dose-dependent association between nutrient intake and disease severity. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between dietary nutrient intake and predicted FEV1%. Vitamin A intake showed a positive association with FEV1% in men in a model adjusted for covariates. Carbohydrate, protein, fiber, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C intake were significantly associated with decreased disease severity in elderly men (aged ≥60 years). On the contrary, statistical significance was not observed for all the nutrients in women. In conclusion, intake of carbohydrate, protein, fiber, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C was associated with decreased severity of airway impairment in elderly men with COPD. Our results are in line with those of previous studies into the importance of nutritional status in airway disease. A longitudinal study is required to clarify the mechanisms underlying the association between dietary nutrient intake and COPD severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyun Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyunji Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jehun Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
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15
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Kaboudanian Ardestani S, Taravati A, Kianmehr Z, Hajizadeh Dastjerdi A, Pourfarzam S, Soroush MR, Naghizadeh MM, Ghazanfari T. Altered levels of GST activity, Vit C, TPX and Cu in individuals with long-term sulfur mustard-induced lung complications. Inhal Toxicol 2019; 30:483-491. [DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1545809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Taravati
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Zahra Kianmehr
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology (Biochemistry), Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Khaldi T, Chekchaki N, Boumendjel M, Taibi F, Abdellaoui M, Messarah M, Boumendjel A. Ameliorating effects of Nigella sativa oil on aggravation of inflammation, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induced by smokeless tobacco extract in an allergic asthma model in Wistar rats. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2018; 46:472-481. [PMID: 29739684 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The comparison of smokeless tobacco (ST) exposure versus Ovalbumin (Ova) sensitized rats or asthmatic patients has hardly been studied in the literature. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the aggravation of inflammation, exacerbation of asthma, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induced by ST. METHODS ST was given at the dose of 40mg/kg in an allergic asthma model in Wistar rats. Furthermore, the effects of oral administration of Nigella sativa oil (NSO), at a dose of 4mL/kg/day, were investigated. RESULTS The obtained results showed that ST clearly enhanced lung inflammation through interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Nitric oxide (NO) increased production. Actually, ST was found to intensify the oxidative stress state induced by Ova-challenge in rats, which was proven not only by augmenting lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, but also by altering the non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant status. Furthermore, the aggravation of inflammation and oxidative stress was obviously demonstrated by the histopathological changes observed in lung. In contrast, NSO administration has shown anti-inflammatory effects by reducing IL-4 and NO production, restoring the antioxidant status, reducing lipid peroxidation and improving the histopathological alterations by both protein oxidation and NSO treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data have proven that severe concurrent exposure to allergen and ST increases airway inflammation and oxidative stress in previously sensitized rats. They also suggest that the oral NSO treatment could be a promising treatment for asthma.
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17
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High-Intensity Exercise Prevents Disturbances in Lung Inflammatory Cytokines and Antioxidant Defenses Induced by Lipopolysaccharide. Inflammation 2018; 41:2060-2067. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Aggarwal T, Wadhwa R, Rohil V, Maurya PK. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and protein-protein interaction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:226-231. [PMID: 29020824 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1387796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CONTENT The increased oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients is the result of increased inhaled oxidants, generated by various cells of the airways. OBJECTIVE The investigation included measurements of malondiadehyde (MDA), uric acid, ascorbic acid, and matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) in COPD patient. We also performed genetic analysis for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on healthy subjects with normal lung function (NS, 14 subjects) and 28 patients (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (Gold) 1 and Gold 2) with COPD. RESULTS There was significant (p < .001) increase in MMP-12, MDA and uric acid levels as compared to healthy controls. A significant (p < .001) decline in ascorbic acid level was observed in COPD patients. The PPI was found to be 0.833 which indicated that proteins present in COPD are linked. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study suggests oxidative stress plays an important role in COPD and the PPI provide indication that proteins present in COPD are linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taru Aggarwal
- a Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology , Amity University Uttar Pradesh , Noida , India
| | - Ridhima Wadhwa
- a Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology , Amity University Uttar Pradesh , Noida , India
| | - Vishwajeet Rohil
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, Delhi University , India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- a Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology , Amity University Uttar Pradesh , Noida , India
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Zhong C, Huang X, Zhang S, Cheng Y, Cao G, Wang F. The radiation protection role of heparin-SOD conjugate in irradiated mice. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000417081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqing Zhong
- Shandong University, China; Shandong Jianzhu University, China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Shandong University, China; Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, China
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20
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Figueira RL, Gonçalves FL, Simões AL, Bernardino CA, Lopes LS, Castro E Silva O, Sbragia L. Brain caspase-3 and intestinal FABP responses in preterm and term rats submitted to birth asphyxia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 49:S0100-879X2016000700703. [PMID: 27356106 PMCID: PMC4926528 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal asphyxia can cause irreversible injury of multiple organs resulting in
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This injury is
dependent on time, severity, and gestational age, once the preterm babies need
ventilator support. Our aim was to assess the different brain and intestinal effects
of ischemia and reperfusion in neonate rats after birth anoxia and mechanical
ventilation. Preterm and term neonates were divided into 8 subgroups (n=12/group): 1)
preterm control (PTC), 2) preterm ventilated (PTV), 3) preterm asphyxiated (PTA), 4)
preterm asphyxiated and ventilated (PTAV), 5) term control (TC), 6) term ventilated
(TV), 7) term asphyxiated (TA), and 8) term asphyxiated and ventilated (TAV). We
measured body, brain, and intestine weights and respective ratios [(BW), (BrW), (IW),
(BrW/BW) and (IW/BW)]. Histology analysis and damage grading were performed in the
brain (cortex/hippocampus) and intestine (jejunum/ileum) tissues, as well as
immunohistochemistry analysis for caspase-3 and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein
(I-FABP). IW was lower in the TA than in the other terms (P<0.05), and the IW/BW
ratio was lower in the TA than in the TAV (P<0.005). PTA, PTAV and TA presented
high levels of brain damage. In histological intestinal analysis, PTAV and TAV had
higher scores than the other groups. Caspase-3 was higher in PTAV (cortex) and TA
(cortex/hippocampus) (P<0.005). I-FABP was higher in PTAV (P<0.005) and TA
(ileum) (P<0.05). I-FABP expression was increased in PTAV subgroup (P<0.0001).
Brain and intestinal responses in neonatal rats caused by neonatal asphyxia, with or
without mechanical ventilation, varied with gestational age, with increased
expression of caspase-3 and I-FABP biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Figueira
- Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - F L Gonçalves
- Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - A L Simões
- Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - C A Bernardino
- Neurocirurgia, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - L S Lopes
- Neurocirurgia, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - O Castro E Silva
- Divisão de Transplante, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - L Sbragia
- Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Road CV4 7AL Coventry UK
| | - Peter J. Sadler
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Road CV4 7AL Coventry UK
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Abstract
Research over the past 30 years has identified mechanistic biochemical oxidation pathways that contribute to asthma pathophysiology. Redox imbalance is present in asthma and strongly linked to the pathobiology of airflow obstruction, airway hyperreactivity, and remodeling. High levels of reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and oxidatively modified proteins in the lung, blood, and urine provide conclusive evidence for pathologic oxidation in asthma. Concurrent loss of antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutases and catalase, is attributed to redox modifications of the enzymes, and further amplifies the oxidative injury in the airway. The presence of high levels of urine bromotyrosine, an oxidation product of eosinophil peroxidase, identifies activated eosinophils, and shows promise for use as a noninvasive biomarker of poor asthma control.
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Dapaah G, Koffuor GA, Mante PK, Ben IO. The possible mode of antitussive and expectorant activity of the ethanol seed extracts of Picralima nitida ((Stapf) Th. & H. Durand). J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:133-140. [PMID: 28053900 PMCID: PMC5198831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been established that Picralima nitida has antitussive effect. This study therefore aimed at determining the possible mode of antitussive and expectorant activity of an ethanolic seed extract of P. nitida (PNE). The muco-suppressant, mast cell stabilization, and the anxiolytic effects of PNE were ascertained using ammonium chloride-induced phenol red secretion in BALB/c mice; compound 48/80-induced mesenteric mast cell degranulation assay; and the open field and the elevated plus maze models respectively. Antibacterial potential was ascertained by the agar plate diffusion method and its antioxidant potential by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging, linoleic acid lipid peroxidation, reducing power, and total antioxidant assays. Data obtained was analyzed using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Dunnett's Multiple Comparison post hoc test. PNE (100-500 mg/kg) reduced (P ≤ 0.05-0.001) tracheal phenol red secretion. The extract (100-500 μg/ml) also dose-dependently (P ≤ 0.05-0.0001) stabilized mast cells. PNE (100-500 mg/kg) increased open arm activities in the elevated plus maze (P ≤ 0.05) as well as central zone exploration (P ≤ 0.05) in the open field test. PNE (10-50 mg/ml) showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Salmonella typhi. By the assays, PNE showed significant antioxidant effect. The ethanolic seed extract of P. nitida has demonstrated very significant mast cell stabilizing, mucus suppressant, and antioxidant activity as well as substantial antibacterial and anxiolytic properties; all of which could contribute to its antitussive and expectorant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Dapaah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - George Asumeng Koffuor
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Priscilla Kolibea Mante
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Inemesit Okon Ben
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele Campus, Rivers State, Nigeria
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Erukainure OL, Ajiboye JA, Okafor OY, Okoro EE, Asieba G, Sarumi BB, Adenekan SO, Zaruwa MZ. Alcoholic lung injury: pineapple peel extract modulates antioxidant enzymes and attenuates lipid peroxidation in rat models. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-016-0026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Park HJ, Byun MK, Kim HJ, Kim JY, Kim YI, Yoo KH, Chun EM, Jung JY, Lee SH, Ahn CM. Dietary vitamin C intake protects against COPD: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2012. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:2721-2728. [PMID: 27843308 PMCID: PMC5098518 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s119448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin C, as an antioxidant, has recently been suggested to provide protection against COPD; however, only few national cohort studies have investigated these effects. We aimed to confirm the protective effects of vitamin C against COPD in Korean patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed the data of 3,283 adults aged ≥40 years (representing 23,541,704 subjects) who underwent pulmonary function tests and responded to questionnaires on smoking history and vitamin C intake, with stratification variables and sampling weight designated by the Korea 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. RESULTS Among all the subjects, 512 (representing 3,459,679 subjects; 15.6%) were diagnosed as having COPD based on pulmonary function test results. Male gender, old age, residence in suburban/rural regions, low household income, low educational level, an occupation in agriculture or fisheries, and heavy smoking were significantly associated with COPD. Low intake of nutrients, including potassium, vitamin A, carotene, retinol, and vitamin C, was significantly associated with COPD. The prevalence of COPD in heavy smokers with the lowest quartile (Q1, <48.50 mg; 63.0%) and low-middle quartile (Q2, 48.50-84.38 mg; 56.4%) of vitamin C intake was significantly higher than that in subjects with the high-middle quartile (Q3, 84.38-141.63 mg; 29.5%) and highest quartile (Q4, >141.63 mg; 32.6%) of vitamin C intake (P=0.015). In multivariate analysis, male gender, old age, heavy smoking, and a low intake of vitamin C were significant independent risk factors for COPD. A significant reduction of 76.7% in COPD risk was observed with a Q3 vitamin C intake compared to Q1 vitamin C intake (odds ratio, 0.233; 95% confidence interval, 0.094-0.576) in heavy smokers. CONCLUSION This large-scale national study suggests that dietary vitamin C provides protection against COPD, independent of smoking history, in the general Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Min Kwang Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Hyung Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Jae Yeol Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Yu-Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju
| | - Kwang-Ha Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine
| | - Eun Mi Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine
| | - Ji Ye Jung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Sang Haak Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Min Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
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Molina V, von Dessauer B, Rodrigo R, Carvajal C. Oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric sepsis: a prospective observational pilot study. Redox Rep 2016; 22:330-337. [PMID: 27733100 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2016.1239866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress is known to participate in the progression of sepsis. Definite data regarding the behavior of oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric sepsis is still lacking. This study hypothesized that oxidative stress occurs in pediatric sepsis and that the magnitude of the redox derangement is associated with worse clinical progression. METHODS Forty-two previously healthy pediatric patients with sepsis and a group of control subjects were included. Oxidative stress and inflammatory activity biomarkers were determined in blood samples. Patients were prospectively followed until their discharge or death. RESULTS Patients with non-severe and severe sepsis showed higher levels of plasmatic antioxidant capacity, lower erythrocyte thiol index, lower superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, higher glutathione peroxidase activity, and higher plasmatic F2-isoprostanes concentration than controls. Patients with severe sepsis had higher NF-kappaB activation than those with non-severe sepsis. Although we observed changes in some biomarkers in patients with worse clinical evolution, the explored biomarkers did not correlate with clinical estimators of outcome. DISCUSSION Oxidative stress occurs in pediatric sepsis, resulting in oxidative damage. The explored biomarkers are not useful as outcome predictors in the studied population. The behavior of these biomarkers still needs to be addressed in broader groups of pediatric patients with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Molina
- a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit , Hospital de Niños Roberto del Río , Santiago , Chile
| | - Bettina von Dessauer
- a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit , Hospital de Niños Roberto del Río , Santiago , Chile
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- b Laboratory of Renal Pathophysiology, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Cristian Carvajal
- a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit , Hospital de Niños Roberto del Río , Santiago , Chile
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Cellular Effects of Pyocyanin, a Secreted Virulence Factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8080236. [PMID: 27517959 PMCID: PMC4999852 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8080236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyocyanin has recently emerged as an important virulence factor produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The redox-active tricyclic zwitterion has been shown to have a number of potential effects on various organ systems in vitro, including the respiratory, cardiovascular, urological, and central nervous systems. It has been shown that a large number of the effects to these systems are via the formation of reactive oxygen species. The limitations of studies are, to date, focused on the localized effect of the release of pyocyanin (PCN). It has been postulated that, given its chemical properties, PCN is able to readily cross biological membranes, however studies have yet to be undertaken to evaluate this effect. This review highlights the possible manifestations of PCN exposure; however, most studies to date are in vitro. Further high quality in vivo studies are needed to fully assess the physiological manifestations of PCN exposure on the various body systems.
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28
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Heard SO, Fink MP. Multiple Organ Failure Syndrome—Part II: Prevention and Treatment. J Intensive Care Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088506669200700102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen O. Heard
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology and Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA
| | - Mitchell P. Fink
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology and Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA
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Çetin A, Çiftçi O, Otlu A. Protective effect of hesperidin on oxidative and histological liver damage following carbon tetrachloride administration in Wistar rats. Arch Med Sci 2016; 12:486-93. [PMID: 27279838 PMCID: PMC4889676 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.49484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the current study, the protective effect of hesperidin (HP) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-eight rats were divided equally into four groups. The first group was kept as a control and given only vehicle. In the second, rats were orally administered 50 mg/kg/day HP for 10 days. Carbon tetrachloride was given in a single intraperitoneal injection at the dose of 2 ml/kg in the third group. In the fourth group, the rats were treated with equal doses of CCl4 and HP. RESULTS It was found that CCl4 induced oxidative stress via a significant increase in the formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and caused a significant decline in the levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rats. In contrast, HP blocked these toxic effects induced by CCl4, causing an increase in GSH, CAT and SOD levels and decreased formation of TBARS (p < 0.01). In addition, histopathological damage increased with CCl4 treatment. In contrast, HP treatment eliminated the effects of CCl4 and stimulated anti-apoptotic events, as characterized by reduced caspase-3 activation. CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrated that CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity can be prevented with HP treatment. Thus, co-administration of HP with CCl4 may be useful for attenuating the negative effects of CCl4 on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Çetin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medicine Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Osman Çiftçi
- Department of Pharmacology, Medicine Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ali Otlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medicine Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Abstract
Pulmonary oxidant stress plays an important pathogenetic role in disease conditions including acute lung injury/adult respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), hyperoxia, ischemia-reperfusion, sepsis, radiation injury, lung transplantation, COPD, and inflammation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), released from activated macrophages and leukocytes or formed in the pulmonary epithelial and endothelial cells, damage the lungs and initiate cascades of pro-inflammatory reactions propagating pulmonary and systemic stress. Diverse molecules including small organic compounds (e.g. gluthatione, tocopherol (vitamin E), flavonoids) serve as natural antioxidants that reduce oxidized cellular components, decompose ROS and detoxify toxic oxidation products. Antioxidant enzymes can either facilitate these antioxidant reactions (e.g. peroxidases using glutathione as a reducing agent) or directly decompose ROS (e.g. superoxide dismutases [SOD] and catalase). Many antioxidant agents are being tested for treatment of pulmonary oxidant stress. The administration of small antioxidants via the oral, intratracheal and vascular routes for the treatment of short- and long-term oxidant stress showed rather modest protective effects in animal and human studies. Intratracheal and intravascular administration of antioxidant enzymes are being currently tested for the treatment of acute oxidant stress. For example, intratracheal administration of recombinant human SOD is protective in premature infants exposed to hyperoxia. However, animal and human studies show that more effective delivery of drugs to cells experiencing oxidant stress is needed to improve protection. Diverse delivery systems for antioxidants including liposomes, chemical modifications (e.g. attachment of masking pegylated [PEG]-groups) and coupling to affinity carriers (e.g. antibodies against cellular adhesion molecules) are being employed and currently tested, mostly in animal and, to a limited extent, in humans, for the treatment of oxidant stress. Further studies are needed, however, in order to develop and establish effective applications of pulmonary antioxidant interventions useful in clinical practice. Although beyond the scope of this review, antioxidant gene therapies may eventually provide a strategy for the management of subacute and chronic pulmonary oxidant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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31
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Wan J, Yang K, Xu Q, Chen D, Yu B, Luo Y, He J. Dietary chitosan oligosaccharide supplementation improves foetal survival and reproductive performance in multiparous sows. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13294d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), a partially hydrolysed product of chitosan, has various important biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
| | - Kaiyun Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Xu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science
- Dalian Ocean University
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
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Joshi P, Kim WJ, Lee SA. The effect of dietary antioxidant on the COPD risk: the community-based KoGES (Ansan-Anseong) cohort. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 10:2159-68. [PMID: 26504380 PMCID: PMC4603710 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s91877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary antioxidants have been suggested to have protective role against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but few prospective studies examined this relationship. The prospective study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary antioxidants on COPD risk and lung function in the Korean population. Methods The data were collected from the community-based Korean Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES) cohort. To diagnose COPD, forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured by spirometry. The dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins was estimated from validated Food-Frequency Questionnaire. For the analysis, 325 COPD patients and 6,781 at risk subjects were selected from the cohort of 10,038 subjects. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the odds ratio (OR) after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, income, history of asthma, history of tuberculosis, and smoking. Results The risk of COPD was positively associated with aging, low education, low household income, lower body mass index, and cigarette smoking. The risk of COPD decreased with increase in the dietary vitamin C (ORQ1 vs Q5=0.66, Ptrend=0.03) and vitamin E (ORQ1 vs Q5=0.56, Ptrend=0.05) intake, predominantly, in men (Ptrend=0.01 and 0.05 for vitamins C and E, respectively). In addition, the lung function was significantly improved with increase in vitamins C (FEV1, P=0.04; FVC, P=0.03) and E (FEV1, P=0.03; FVC, P=0.04) intake. No statistically significant interactions were observed between smoking and vitamin C or E intake in relation to COPD risk among men. Conclusion Our results suggest the independent beneficial effect of antioxidants, particularly vitamins C and E, on COPD risk and lung function in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Joshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea ; BIT Medical Convergence Graduate Program, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea ; Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea ; BIT Medical Convergence Graduate Program, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea ; Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
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Kim JS, Kwon WY, Suh GJ, Kim KS, Jung YS, Kim SH, Lee SE. Plasma glutathione reductase activity and prognosis of septic shock. J Surg Res 2015; 200:298-307. [PMID: 26316444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to investigate whether plasma glutathione reductase (GR) activity is well correlated with the erythrocyte-reduced glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) ratio and is associated with the mortality of septic shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on male Sprague-Dawley rats and patients admitted to the intensive care unit with septic shock. To induce endotoxemia in rats, vehicle or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at dosages of 5 or 10 mg/kg were injected into a tail vein. Animals were then euthanized 6 h post-LPS. Based on the 28-d mortality, the enrolled patients were divided into the survivors and nonsurvivors. We obtained blood samples from patients at admission (0 h) and 24 h after admission to the intensive care unit. RESULTS In endotoxemic rats, the erythrocyte GSH/GSSG ratio, erythrocyte GR activity, and plasma GR activity in the 10 mg/kg of LPS group were lower than those in the sham and 5 mg/kg of LPS groups. In patients with septic shock, decrease in plasma GR activity at 24 h was independently associated with an increase in 28-d mortality (odds ratio, 0.828; 95% confidence interval, 0.690-0.992, P = 0.041). Plasma GR activity was correlated with erythrocyte GR activity (Spearman ρ = 0.549, P < 0.001) and the erythrocyte GSH/GSSG ratio (rho = 0.367, P = 0.009) at 24 h. CONCLUSIONS Plasma GR activity was well correlated with erythrocyte GR activity and the erythrocyte GSH/GSSG ratio, and a decrease in plasma GR activity was associated with an increase in the mortality of septic shock patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Seong Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woon Yong Kwon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Gil Joon Suh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Su Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Sun Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Eun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Incheon Sarang Hospital, Incheon, Korea
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Yuhai GU, Zhen Z. Significance of the changes occurring in the levels of interleukins, SOD and MDA in rat pulmonary tissue following exposure to different altitudes and exposure times. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:915-920. [PMID: 26622414 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes occurring in the levels of interleukin, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat lung tissue at different altitudes and times, and to determine the significance of such changes. A total of 88 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups as follows: the control group [low altitude (LA), 1,500 m; n=8], the moderate altitude group (MA group, 2,260 m; n=40) and the high altitude group (HA group, 5,000 m; n=40). The moderate and high altitude groups were subdivided into the 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 day groups (MA1, 3, 7, 15, 30 and HA1, 3, 7, 15, 30; n=8). The levels of interleukins (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) in the rat lung tissue were determined by ELISA. The WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay kit and total bile acids assay were used to determine the activity levels of SOD and the content of MDA, respectively. Compared to the control group, the levels of IL-6/IL-8/IL-10 were higher in the MA1 group; however, no significant differences were observed between the other MA subgroups. In addition, no significant differences were detected in SOD activity and the MDA content in the MA subgroups. The levels of IL-6/IL-8 in all the HA subgroups were higher compared to those of the control group, and with the passing of time, the levels of IL-6/IL-8 decreased, but were still higher than those of the control group. However, the level of IL-10 decreased with the passing of time, and was lower in all the HA subgroups compared to the control group. With the passing of time, SOD activity decreased, and the MDA content gradually increased. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that hypoxia due to high altitude induces lung inflammation and oxidative damage, which subsequently causes severe damage to lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- G U Yuhai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810007, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Zhen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810007, P.R. China
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Liu R, Fang X, Meng C, Xing J, Liu J, Yang W, Li W, Zhou H. Lung inflation with hydrogen during the cold ischemia phase decreases lung graft injury in rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1214-22. [PMID: 25662956 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214563895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury when it is inhaled by donor or/and recipient. This study examined the effects of lung inflation with 3% hydrogen during the cold ischemia phase on lung graft function in rats. The donor lung was inflated with 3% hydrogen, 40% oxygen, and 57% nitrogen at 5 mL/kg, and the gas was replaced every 20 min during the cold ischemia phase for 2 h. In the control group, the donor lung was inflated with 40% oxygen and 60% nitrogen at 5 mL/kg. The recipient was euthanized 2 h after orthotropic lung transplantation. The hydrogen concentration in the donor lung during the cold ischemia phase was 1.99-3%. The oxygenation indices in the arterial blood and pulmonary vein blood were improved in the hydrogen group. The inflammation response indices, including lung W/D ratio, the myeloperoxidase activity in the grafts, and the levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in serum, were significantly lower in the hydrogen group (5.2 ± 0.8, 0.76 ± 0.32 U/g, 340 ± 84 pg/mL, and 405 ± 115 pg/mL, respectively) than those in the control group (6.5 ± 0.7, 1.1 ± 0.5 U/g, 443 ± 94 pg/mL, and 657 ± 96 pg/mL, respectively (P < 0.05), and the oxidative stress indices, including the superoxide dismutase activity and the level of malonaldehyde in lung grafts were improved after hydrogen application. Furthermore, the lung injury score determined by histopathology, the cell apoptotic index, and the caspase-3 protein expression in lung grafts were decreased after hydrogen treatment, and the static pressure-volume curve of lung graft was improved by hydrogen inflation. In conclusion, lung inflation with 3% hydrogen during the cold ischemia phase alleviated lung graft injury and improved graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xianhai Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jingchun Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wanchao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Huacheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin 150081, China Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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Kumar M, Seeger W, Voswinckel R. Senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its possible role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 51:323-33. [PMID: 25171460 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0382ps] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major disease of the lungs. It primarily occurs after a prolonged period of cigarette smoking. Chronic inflammation of airways and the alveolar space as well as lung tissue destruction are the hallmarks of COPD. Recently it has been shown that cellular senescence might play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Cellular senescence comprises signal transduction program, leading to irreversible cell cycle arrest. The growth arrest in senescence can be triggered by many different mechanisms, including DNA damage and its recognition by cellular sensors, leading to the activation of cell cycle checkpoint responses and activation of DNA repair machinery. Senescence can be induced by several genotoxic factors apart from telomere attrition. When senescence induction is based on DNA damage, senescent cells display a unique phenotype, which has been termed "senescence-associated secretory phenotype" (SASP). SASP may be an important driver of chronic inflammation and therefore may be part of a vicious cycle of inflammation, DNA damage, and senescence. This research perspective aims to showcase cellular senescence with relevance to COPD and the striking similarities between the mediators and secretory phenotype in COPD and SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- 1 Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; and
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Nadeem A, Siddiqui N, Alharbi NO, Alharbi MM. Airway and systemic oxidant-antioxidant dysregulation in asthma: A possible scenario of oxidants spill over from lung into blood. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2014; 29:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Rani A, Kumar A, Lal A, Pant M. Cellular mechanisms of cadmium-induced toxicity: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 24:378-99. [PMID: 24117228 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2013.835032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a widespread toxic pollutant of occupational and environmental concern because of its diverse toxic effects: extremely protracted biological half-life (approximately 20-30 years in humans), low rate of excretion from the body and storage predominantly in soft tissues (primarily, liver and kidneys). It is an extremely toxic element of continuing concern because environmental levels have risen steadily due to continued worldwide anthropogenic mobilization. Cadmium is absorbed in significant quantities from cigarette smoke, food, water and air contamination and is known to have numerous undesirable effects in both humans and animals. Cadmium has a diversity of toxic effects including nephrotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and endocrine and reproductive toxicities. At the cellular level, cadmium affects cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and other cellular activities. Current evidence suggests that exposure to cadmium induces genomic instability through complex and multifactorial mechanisms. Most important seems to be cadmium interaction with DNA repair mechanism, generation of reactive oxygen species and induction of apoptosis. In this article, we have reviewed recent developments and findings on cadmium toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Rani
- a Department of Biotechnology , Graphic Era University , Dehradun , India
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Kolahian S, Shahbazfar AA, Tayefi-Nasrabadi H, Keyhanmanesh R, Ansarin K, Ghasemi H, Rashidi AH, Gosens R, Hanifeh M. Tiotropium effects on airway inflammatory events in the cat as an animal model for acute cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:272-87. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.905657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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40
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Nagy K, Ádány R, Szűcs S, Ádám B. Susceptibility of lung epithelial cells to alkylating genotoxic insult. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2013; 54:682-689. [PMID: 23907938 DOI: 10.1002/em.21800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Alkylation is one of the most common types of DNA damage that can lead to mutations and cancer. Lung is the primary target organ of airborne alkylators such as ethylene oxide (EO). However, the ability of EO to cause lung cancer has not been clearly demonstrated yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of lung cells to alkylating DNA insult by detecting EO-mediated DNA damage with the alkaline comet assay in human lung epithelial cells, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and keratinocytes. The susceptibility of these cell types toward the alkylating insult induced by EO was compared against the oxidative DNA insult induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). Due to the volatility of EO, its active concentrations were monitored by gas chromatography during exposure and were found to decrease significantly in a time-dependent manner. EO induced a statistically significant genotoxic effect at the lowest concentration used (16.4 µM) in lung epithelial cells and in lymphocytes, while in keratinocytes, a genotoxic effect was not detected until 55.5 µM EO. However, lung epithelial cells demonstrated increased resistance to oxidative insult. In fact, oxidative DNA damage detectable by endonuclease treatment was minimal in lung cells compared with the other cell types. These results suggest an increased sensitivity of lung epithelial cells toward the alkylating effects of EO, which was not observed for oxidative DNA damage. Our findings point out the importance of DNA alkylation and the possible role of EO on the induction of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Károly Nagy
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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41
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Abdel-Azeem AS, Hegazy AM, Ibrahim KS, Farrag ARH, El-Sayed EM. Hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and ameliorative effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and vitamin E in acetaminophen treated rats. J Diet Suppl 2013; 10:195-209. [PMID: 23927622 DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2013.822450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ginger is a remedy known to possess a number of pharmacological properties. This study investigated efficacy of ginger pretreatment in alleviating acetaminophen-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. Rats were divided into six groups; negative control, acetaminophen (APAP) (600 mg/kg single intraperitoneal injection); vitamin E (75 mg/kg), ginger (100 mg/kg), vitamin E + APAP, and ginger + APAP. Administration of APAP elicited significant liver injury that was manifested by remarkable increase in plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), arginase activities, and total bilirubin concentration. Meanwhile, APAP significantly decreased plasma total proteins and albumin levels. APAP administration resulted in substantial increase in each of plasma triacylglycerols (TAGs), malondialdhyde (MDA) levels, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). However, ginger or vitamin E treatment prior to APAP showed significant hepatoprotective effect by lowering the hepatic marker enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, and arginase) and total bilirubin in plasma. In addition, they remarkably ameliorated the APAP-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting lipid peroxidation (MDA). Pretreatment by ginger or vitamin E significantly restored TAGs, and total protein levels. Histopathological examination of APAP treated rats showed alterations in normal hepatic histoarchitecture, with necrosis and vacuolization of cells. These alterations were substantially decreased by ginger or vitamin E. Our results demonstrated that ginger can prevent hepatic injuries, alleviating oxidative stress in a manner comparable to that of vitamin E. Combination therapy of ginger and APAP is recommended especially in cases with hepatic disorders or when high doses of APAP are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal S Abdel-Azeem
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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42
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Improving asthma during pregnancy with dietary antioxidants: the current evidence. Nutrients 2013; 5:3212-34. [PMID: 23948757 PMCID: PMC3775250 DOI: 10.3390/nu5083212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The complication of asthma during pregnancy is associated with a number of poor outcomes for the mother and fetus. This may be partially driven by increased oxidative stress induced by the combination of asthma and pregnancy. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which contributes to worsening asthma symptoms. Pregnancy alone also intensifies oxidative stress through the systemic generation of excess reactive oxidative species (ROS). Antioxidants combat the damaging effects of ROS; yet antioxidant defenses are reduced in asthma. Diet and nutrition have been postulated as potential factors to combat the damaging effects of asthma. In particular, dietary antioxidants may play a role in alleviating the heightened oxidative stress in asthma. Although there are some observational and interventional studies that have shown protective effects of antioxidants in asthma, assessment of antioxidants in pregnancy are limited and there are no antioxidant intervention studies in asthmatic pregnancies on asthma outcomes. The aims of this paper are to (i) review the relationships between oxidative stress and dietary antioxidants in adults with asthma and asthma during pregnancy, and (ii) provide the rationale for which dietary management strategies, specifically increased dietary antioxidants, might positively impact maternal asthma outcomes. Improving asthma control through a holistic antioxidant dietary approach might be valuable in reducing asthma exacerbations and improving asthma management during pregnancy, subsequently impacting perinatal health.
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Kaphalia L, Calhoun WJ. Alcoholic lung injury: metabolic, biochemical and immunological aspects. Toxicol Lett 2013; 222:171-9. [PMID: 23892124 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol abuse is a systemic disorder and a risk factor for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A significant amount of ingested alcohol reaches airway passages in the lungs and can be metabolized via oxidative and non-oxidative pathways. About 90% of the ingested alcohol is metabolized via hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-catalyzed oxidative pathway. Alcohol can also be metabolized by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), particularly during chronic alcohol abuse. Both the oxidative pathways, however, are associated with oxidative stress due to the formation of acetaldehyde and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS). Alcohol ingestion is also known to cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which can be mediated by oxidative and/or non-oxidative metabolites of ethanol. An acute as well as chronic alcohol ingestions impair protective antioxidants, oxidize reduced glutathione (GSH, cellular antioxidant against ROS and oxidative stress), and suppress innate and adaptive immunity in the lungs. Oxidative stress and suppressed immunity in the lungs of chronic alcohol abusers collectively are considered to be major risk factors for infection and development of pneumonia, and such diseases as ARDS and COPD. Prior human and experimental studies attempted to identify common mechanisms by which alcohol abuse directly causes toxicity to alveolar epithelium and respiratory tract, particularly lungs. In this review, the metabolic basis of lung injury, oxidative and ER stress and immunosuppression in experimental models and alcoholic patients, as well as potential immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies for improving host defenses against alcohol-induced pulmonary infections are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lata Kaphalia
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
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44
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Shalaby KH, Allard-Coutu A, O'Sullivan MJ, Nakada E, Qureshi ST, Day BJ, Martin JG. Inhaled birch pollen extract induces airway hyperresponsiveness via oxidative stress but independently of pollen-intrinsic NADPH oxidase activity, or the TLR4-TRIF pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:922-33. [PMID: 23776177 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1103644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress in allergic asthma may result from oxidase activity or proinflammatory molecules in pollens. Signaling via TLR4 and its adaptor Toll-IL-1R domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-β (TRIF) has been implicated in reactive oxygen species-mediated acute lung injury and in Th2 immune responses. We investigated the contributions of oxidative stress and TLR4/TRIF signaling to experimental asthma induced by birch pollen exposure exclusively via the airways. Mice were exposed to native or heat-inactivated white birch pollen extract (BPEx) intratracheally and injected with the antioxidants, N-acetyl-L-cysteine or dimethylthiourea, prior to sensitization, challenge, or all allergen exposures, to assess the role of oxidative stress and pollen-intrinsic NADPH oxidase activity in allergic sensitization, inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Additionally, TLR4 signaling was antagonized concomitantly with allergen exposure, or the development of allergic airway disease was evaluated in TLR4 or TRIF knockout mice. N-acetyl-L-cysteine inhibited BPEx-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation and AHR except when given exclusively during sensitization, whereas dimethylthiourea was inhibitory even when administered with the sensitization alone. Heat inactivation of BPEx had no effect on the development of allergic airway disease. Oxidative stress-mediated AHR was also TLR4 and TRIF independent; however, TLR4 deficiency decreased, whereas TRIF deficiency increased BPEx-induced airway inflammation. In conclusion, oxidative stress plays a significant role in allergic sensitization to pollen via the airway mucosa, but the pollen-intrinsic NADPH oxidase activity and TLR4 or TRIF signaling are unnecessary for the induction of allergic airway disease and AHR. Pollen extract does, however, activate TLR4, thereby enhancing airway inflammation, which is restrained by the TRIF-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim H Shalaby
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H2X 2P2, Canada
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George UM, Ashna U, Kumar SSP, Nandkumar AM. Effect of tobacco extract on surfactant synthesis and its reversal by retinoic acid-role of cell-cell interactions in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2013; 49:260-9. [PMID: 23508709 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco induces oxidative stress in the alveolar epithelium and causes its damage. Retinoic acid (RA) has a cardinal role in alveolar cell growth, differentiation, and maturation. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of cell-cell interactions and whether RA could reverse the effect of tobacco extract on epithelial function as expressed by surfactant synthesis. For this, an in vitro model, which provides multiple cell type interactions, as seen in vivo, was used. We had used the major lung cell types, alveolar epithelial and mesenchymal cells represented by the cell lines A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma cell line), and human fetal lung fibroblast-1 (HFL-1) for developing the monoculture and co-culture systems and studied the effect of tobacco extract and retinoic acid. The effect of tobacco and retinoic acid both singly and in combination on proliferation and surfactant synthesis was analyzed. Retinoic acid induced proliferation and upregulated surfactant synthesis in monocultures and co-cultures. Tobacco extract at 100 μg/ml concentration decreased A549 proliferation and upregulated surfactant protein mRNA expression. In co-cultures treated with tobacco extract (100 μg/ml), retinoic acid (1 μM), regulated cell proliferation, and surfactant protein mRNA expression vis-à-vis the monoculture system. This clearly points to the fact that cell-cell interactions modulate the effect of additives or stimulants and help in assessing the in vivo combinatorial responses in vitro and that the retinoic acid effect is regenerative.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Mereena George
- Division of Microbiology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Science and Technology, Poojappura P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Lee MS, Moon KY, Bae DJ, Park MK, Jang AS. The effects of pycnogenol on antioxidant enzymes in a mouse model of ozone exposure. Korean J Intern Med 2013; 28:216-23. [PMID: 23526176 PMCID: PMC3604612 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2013.28.2.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Ozone is an environmentally reactive oxidant, and pycnogenol is a mixture of flavonoid compounds extracted from pine tree bark that have antioxidant activity. We investigated the effects of pycnogenol on reactive nitrogen species, antioxidant responses, and airway responsiveness in BALB/c mice exposed to ozone. METHODS Antioxidant levels were determined using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Nitric oxide (NO) metabolites in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from BALB/c mice in filtered air and 2 ppm ozone with pycnogenol pretreatment before ozone exposure (n = 6) were quantified colorimetrically using the Griess reaction. RESULTS Uric acid and ascorbic acid concentrations were significantly higher in BAL fluid following pretreatment with pycnogenol, whereas γ-tocopherol concentrations were higher in the ozone exposed group but were similar in the ozone and pycnogenol pretreatment groups. Retinol and γ-tocopherol concentrations tended to increase in the ozone exposure group but were similar in the ozone and pycnogenol pretreatment groups following ozone exposure. Malonylaldehyde concentrations increased in the ozone exposure group but were similar in the ozone and pycnogenol plus ozone groups. The nitrite and total NO metabolite concentrations in BAL fluid, which parallel the in vivo generation of NO in the airways, were significantly greater in the ozone exposed group than the group exposed to filtered air, but decreased with pycnogenol pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS Pycnogenol may increase levels of antioxidant enzymes and decrease levels of nitrogen species, suggesting that antioxidants minimize the effects of acute ozone exposure via a protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Kuk-Young Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Da-Jeong Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Moo-Kyun Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - An-Soo Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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47
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The effect of exercise on the oxidative stress induced by experimental lung injury. Life Sci 2013; 92:218-27. [PMID: 23295959 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM The effects of physical exercise on oxidative stress parameters and immunocontent of NF-кβ/p65 in lung of rats submitted to lung injury, as well as its possible protective effect on the changes in the alveolar-capillary barrier (total cell count, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the inflammatory infiltration in the pulmonary parenchyma were evaluated. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were submitted to two months of physical exercise and after this period, lung injury was induced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (dose of 100 μg/100 g body weight). Twelve hours after injury, the animals were sacrificed and lung and BALF were collected. KEY FINDINGS Results showed an increase in reactive species production, lipid peroxidation, oxidative damage to protein, as well as in nitrite levels and NF-кβ/p65 immunocontent in lung of rats submitted to lung injury. Physical exercise was able to totally prevent the increase in reactive species, nitrite levels and NF-кβ/p65 immunocontent, but partially prevented the damage to protein. Superoxide dismutase and catalase were not changed in lung injury group, but the activities of these enzymes were increased in lung injury plus exercise group. Non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity, glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase were decreased and exercise totally prevented such effects. Rats subjected to lung injury presented an increase in total cell, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein; exercise partially prevented the increase in lactate dehydrogenase. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that physical exercise may prevent, at least partially, the oxidative damage caused by experimental lung injury, suggesting that exercise may have an important role as protector in this condition.
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Hatayama N, Naito M, Hirai S, Yoshida Y, Kojima T, Seki K, Li XK, Itoh M. Preservation by desiccation of isolated rat hearts for 48 hours using carbon monoxide (PCO = 4,000 hPa) and oxygen (PO(2) = 3,000 hPa). Cell Transplant 2012; 21:609-15. [PMID: 22793070 DOI: 10.3727/096368911x605547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is currently said that CO has anti-inflammatory and antiapoptosis effects and it has attracted attention as a medical gas. We used CO for rat hearts and conducted a preservation experiment. We isolated rat hearts, placed them into a specially made chamber, filled the chamber with a gas mixture of PCO (4,000 hPa) and PO(2) (3,000 hPa), and preserved the hearts in a refrigerator at 4°C for 48 h. We then performed a heterotrophic transplantation on the neck of each recipient rat and resuscitated the preserved hearts. We herein report our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Hatayama
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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49
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Rai RR, Phadke MS. Plasma oxidant-antioxidant status in different respiratory disorders. Indian J Clin Biochem 2012; 21:161-4. [PMID: 23105636 DOI: 10.1007/bf02912934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study confirms the fact that in different respiratory disorders, the status of plasma oxidants and antioxidants shifts from normal. The status of oxidants in plasma as represented by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased significantly in the conditions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma. The two vitamin antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin E showed decreased levels than in controls. In patients with COPD the endogenous antioxidant viz. reduced glutathione (GSH) estimated from whole blood was comparable to that of control group, whereas in patients with emphysema, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma, GSH concentration was increased to that of control group. The activity of enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly decreased in all study groups. Pulmonary function tests were found to have no correlation with MDA and antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghunath R Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Sion, 400022 Mumbai, India
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Zuin R, Palamidese A, Negrin R, Catozzo L, Scarda A, Balbinot M. High-dose N-acetylcysteine in patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Drug Investig 2012; 25:401-8. [PMID: 17532680 DOI: 10.2165/00044011-200525060-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of high-dose N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the treatment of patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN AND PATIENTS Randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled study in 123 patients experiencing an acute exacerbation of COPD. INTERVENTIONS NAC 1200 mg/day, 600 mg/day or placebo administered once daily for 10 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary objective was to assess the proportion of patients with normalised C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Also assessed were effects on interleukin (IL)-8 levels, lung function and symptoms. RESULTS Both NAC 600 and 1200 mg/day were associated with a significantly higher proportion of patients achieving normalised CRP levels compared with placebo (52% and 90% vs 19% of patients; p </= 0.01); however, NAC 1200 mg/day was superior to NAC 600 mg/day (p = 0.002). Furthermore, treatment with NAC 1200 mg/day was more efficacious than NAC 600 mg/day in reducing IL-8 levels and difficulty of expectoration, while the two active regimens had similar beneficial effects on lung function and other clinical outcomes (cough intensity and frequency, and lung auscultation). Treatments were well tolerated with one adverse event reported in NAC 1200 mg/day recipients and two reported in placebo recipients. CONCLUSION Treatment with NAC 1200 mg/day improved biological markers and clinical outcomes in patients with COPD exacerbations. It is speculated that the effect of NAC on inflammatory markers may be due to both mucolytic and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zuin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Respiratory Diseases, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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