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Rousseau-Ralliard D, Richard C, Hoarau P, Lallemand MS, Morillon L, Aubrière MC, Valentino SA, Dahirel M, Guinot M, Fournier N, Morin G, Mourier E, Camous S, Slama R, Cassee FR, Couturier-Tarrade A, Chavatte-Palmer P. Prenatal air pollution exposure to diesel exhaust induces cardiometabolic disorders in adulthood in a sex-specific manner. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111690. [PMID: 34273365 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results from observational and experimental studies indicate that exposure to air pollutants during gestation reduces birth weight, whereas little is known on potential cardiometabolic consequences for the offspring at adulthood. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to evaluate the long-term effects of gestational exposure to diesel engine exhaust (DE) on adult offspring phenotype in a rabbit model. METHODS The protocol was designed to mimic human exposure in large European cities. Females rabbits were exposed to diluted (1 mg/m3) DE (exposed, n = 9) or clean air (controls, n = 7), from 3 days after mating, 2 h/d and 5 d/wk in a nose-only inhalation system throughout gestation (gestation days 3-27). After birth and weaning, 72 offspring (47 exposed and 25 controls) were raised until adulthood (7.5 months) to evaluate their cardio-metabolic status, including the monitoring of body weight and food intake, fasting biochemistry, body composition (iDXA), cardiovascular parameters and glucose tolerance. After a metabolic challenge (high fat diet in males and gestation in females), animals were euthanized for postmortem phenotyping. RESULTS Sex-specific responses to maternal exposure were observed in adult offspring. Age-related increases in blood pressure (p = 0.058), glycaemia (p = 0.029), and perirenal fat mass (p = 0.026) as well as reductions in HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.025) and fat-to-body weight ratio (p = 0.011) were observed in exposed males, suggesting a metabolic syndrome. Almost only trends were observed in exposed females with higher triglycerides and decreased bone density compared to control females. Metabolic challenges triggered or amplified some biological responses, especially in females. CONCLUSIONS In utero exposure to air pollution predisposed rabbit offspring to cardiometabolic disorders in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Christophe Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; MIMA2 Platform, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Pauline Hoarau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Lucie Morillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie-Christine Aubrière
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Sarah A Valentino
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Michèle Dahirel
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marine Guinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Natalie Fournier
- Lip(Sys)2 - EA 7357, Athérosclérose et macrophages: impact des phospholipides et des fonctions mitochondriales sur l'efflux du cholestérol, Université Paris Saclay, UFR de Pharmacie, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Gwendoline Morin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UE SAAJ, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Eve Mourier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvaine Camous
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, U823, IAB Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, 38700, Grenoble, France
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France; MIMA2 Platform, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Cowell WJ, Brunst KJ, Malin AJ, Coull BA, Gennings C, Kloog I, Lipton L, Wright RO, Enlow MB, Wright RJ. Prenatal Exposure to PM2.5 and Cardiac Vagal Tone during Infancy: Findings from a Multiethnic Birth Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:107007. [PMID: 31663780 PMCID: PMC6867319 DOI: 10.1289/ehp4434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The autonomic nervous system plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis and responding to external stimuli. In adults, exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with reduced heart rate variability (HRV), an indicator of cardiac autonomic control. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to investigate the associations of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with HRV as an indicator of cardiac autonomic control during early development. METHODS We studied 237 maternal-infant pairs in a Boston-based birth cohort. We estimated daily residential PM2.5 using satellite data in combination with land-use regression predictors. In infants at 6 months of age, we measured parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity using continuous electrocardiogram monitoring during the Repeated Still-Face Paradigm, an experimental protocol designed to elicit autonomic reactivity in response to maternal interaction and disengagement. We used multivariable linear regression to examine average PM2.5 exposure across pregnancy in relation to PNS withdrawal and activation, indexed by changes in respiration-corrected respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSAc)-an established metric of HRV that reflects cardiac vagal tone. We examined interactions with infant sex using cross-product terms. RESULTS In adjusted models we found that a 1-unit increase in PM2.5 (in micrograms per cubic meter) was associated with a 3.53% decrease in baseline RSAc (95% CI: -6.96, 0.02). In models examining RSAc change between episodes, higher PM2.5 was generally associated with reduced PNS withdrawal during stress and reduced PNS activation during recovery; however, these associations were not statistically significant. We did not observe a significant interaction between PM2.5 and sex. DISCUSSION Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 may disrupt cardiac vagal tone during infancy. Future research is needed to replicate these preliminary findings. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4434.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney J. Cowell
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kelly J. Brunst
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ashley J. Malin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brent A. Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Lianna Lipton
- Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children’s Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michelle Bosquet Enlow
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rosalind J. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children’s Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Chang YC, Daza R, Hevner R, Costa LG, Cole TB. Prenatal and early life diesel exhaust exposure disrupts cortical lamina organization: Evidence for a reelin-related pathogenic pathway induced by interleukin-6. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 78:105-115. [PMID: 30668980 PMCID: PMC6557404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have shown associations between developmental exposure to traffic-related air pollution and increased risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders with increasing prevalence rate in the United States. Though animal studies have provided support for these associations, little is known regarding possible underlying mechanisms. In a previous study we found that exposure of C57BL/6J mice of both sexes to environmentally relevant levels (250-300 µg/m3) of diesel exhaust (DE) from embryonic day 0 to postnatal day 21 (E0 to PND21) caused significant changes in all three characteristic behavioral domains of ASD in the offspring. In the present study we investigated a potential mechanistic pathway that may be of relevance for ASD-like changes associated with developmental DE exposure. Using the same DE exposure protocol (250-300 µg/m3 DE from E0 to PND21) several molecular markers were examined in the brains of male and female mice at PND3, 21, and 60. Exposure to DE as above increased levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in placenta and in neonatal brain. The JAK2/STAT3 pathway, a target for IL-6, was activated by STAT3 phosphorylation, and the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), a STAT3 target gene, was increased in DE-exposed neonatal brain. DNMT1 has been reported to down-regulate expression of reelin (RELN), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein important in regulating the processes of neuronal migration. RELN is considered an important modulator for ASD, since there are several polymorphisms in this gene linked to the disease, and since lower levels of RELN have been reported in brains of ASD patients. We observed decreased RELN expression in brains of the DE-exposed mice at PND3. Since disorganized patches in the prefrontal cortex have been reported in ASD patients and disrupted cortical organization has been found in RELN-deficient mice, we also assessed cortical organization, by labeling cells expressing the lamina-specific-markers RELN and calretinin. In DE-exposed mice we found increased cell density in deeper cortex (lamina layers VI-IV) for cells expressing either RELN or calretinin. These findings demonstrate that developmental DE exposure is associated with subtle disorganization of the cerebral cortex at PND60, and suggest a pathway involving IL-6, STAT3, and DNMT1 leading to downregulation of RELN expression that could be contributing to this long-lasting disruption in cortical laminar organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Chang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Ray Daza
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Robert Hevner
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Lucio G. Costa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Toby B. Cole
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Center on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Corresponding author at: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357234, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA, USA. (Y.-C. Chang), , (R. Daza), , (R. Hevner), (L.G. Costa), (T.B. Cole)
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Ehsanifar M, Tameh AA, Farzadkia M, Kalantari RR, Zavareh MS, Nikzaad H, Jafari AJ. Exposure to nanoscale diesel exhaust particles: Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, anxiety and depression on adult male mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:338-347. [PMID: 30391838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to nanoscale diesel engines exhausted particles (DEPs) is a well-recognized risk factor for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Rodents as commonly used models for urban air pollution in health effect studies demonstrate constant stimulation of inflammatory responses in the main areas of the brain. Nevertheless, the primary effect of diesel exhaust particulate matter on some of the brain regions and relation by behavioral alterations still remains untouched. We evaluated the brain regional inflammatory responses to a nanosized subfraction of diesel engines exhaust particulate matter (DEPs < 200 nm) in an adult male mice brain. Adult male mice were exposed to DEPs for 3, 6, and 8 h per day, 12 weeks and five days per week. Degree of anxiety and the depression by elevated plus maze and Forced Swimming Test respectively (FST) did measurement. After behavior tests, the plasma and some of the brain regions such as olfactory bulb (OB) and hippocampus (HI) were analyzed for oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. The inflammation and oxidative stress changes in OB and HI, markedly coincides with the results of behavioral alterations. These responses corresponded with rapid induction of MDA and nitrite oxide (NO) in brain regions and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA followed by IL6, IL1α, and TNFα in OB and HI. The different times of DEPs exposure, leads to oxidative stress and inflammatory in plasma and brain regions. That this cumulative transport of inhaled nanoscale DEPs into the brain and creating to inflammation responses of brain regions may cause problems of brain function and anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Ehsanifar
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Azami Tameh
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Farzadkia
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Rezaei Kalantari
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Nikzaad
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jonidi Jafari
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Prenatal and early-life diesel exhaust exposure causes autism-like behavioral changes in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:18. [PMID: 29678176 PMCID: PMC5910592 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Escalating prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in recent decades has triggered increasing efforts in understanding roles played by environmental risk factors as a way to address this widespread public health concern. Several epidemiological studies show associations between developmental exposure to traffic-related air pollution and increased ASD risk. In rodent models, a limited number of studies have shown that developmental exposure to ambient ultrafine particulates or diesel exhaust (DE) can result in behavioral phenotypes consistent with mild ASD. We performed a series of experiments to determine whether developmental DE exposure induces ASD-related behaviors in mice. Results C57Bl/6J mice were exposed from embryonic day 0 to postnatal day 21 to 250–300 μg/m3 DE or filtered air (FA) as control. Mice exposed developmentally to DE exhibited deficits in all three of the hallmark categories of ASD behavior: reduced social interaction in the reciprocal interaction and social preference tests, increased repetitive behavior in the T-maze and marble-burying test, and reduced or altered communication as assessed by measuring isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations and responses to social odors. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that exposure to traffic-related air pollution, in particular that associated with diesel-fuel combustion, can cause ASD-related behavioral changes in mice, and raise concern about air pollution as a contributor to the onset of ASD in humans. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-018-0254-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Tanwar V, Gorr MW, Velten M, Eichenseer CM, Long VP, Bonilla IM, Shettigar V, Ziolo MT, Davis JP, Baine SH, Carnes CA, Wold LE. In Utero Particulate Matter Exposure Produces Heart Failure, Electrical Remodeling, and Epigenetic Changes at Adulthood. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e005796. [PMID: 28400369 PMCID: PMC5533043 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter (PM; PM2.5 [PM with diameters of <2.5 μm]) exposure during development is strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes at adulthood. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that in utero PM2.5 exposure alone could alter cardiac structure and function at adulthood. METHODS AND RESULTS Female FVB mice were exposed either to filtered air or PM2.5 at an average concentration of 73.61 μg/m3 for 6 h/day, 7 days/week throughout pregnancy. After birth, animals were analyzed at 12 weeks of age. Echocardiographic (n=9-10 mice/group) and pressure-volume loop analyses (n=5 mice/group) revealed reduced fractional shortening, increased left ventricular end-systolic and -diastolic diameters, reduced left ventricular posterior wall thickness, end-systolic elastance, contractile reserve (dP/dtmax/end-systolic volume), frequency-dependent acceleration of relaxation), and blunted contractile response to β-adrenergic stimulation in PM2.5-exposed mice. Isolated cardiomyocyte (n=4-5 mice/group) function illustrated reduced peak shortening, ±dL/dT, and prolonged action potential duration at 90% repolarization. Histological left ventricular analyses (n=3 mice/group) showed increased collagen deposition in in utero PM2.5-exposed mice at adulthood. Cardiac interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1ß, collagen-1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9, and MMP13 gene expressions were increased at birth in in utero PM2.5-exposed mice (n=4 mice/group). In adult hearts (n=5 mice/group), gene expressions of sirtuin (Sirt) 1 and Sirt2 were decreased, DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) 1, Dnmt3a, and Dnmt3b were increased, and protein expression (n=6 mice/group) of Ca2+-ATPase, phosphorylated phospholamban, and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger were decreased. CONCLUSIONS In utero PM2.5 exposure triggers an acute inflammatory response, chronic matrix remodeling, and alterations in Ca2+ handling proteins, resulting in global adult cardiac dysfunction. These results also highlight the potential involvement of epigenetics in priming of adult cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Tanwar
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Matthew W Gorr
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Markus Velten
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, University Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Clayton M Eichenseer
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Victor P Long
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ingrid M Bonilla
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Vikram Shettigar
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Mark T Ziolo
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jonathan P Davis
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Stephen H Baine
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Cynthia A Carnes
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Loren E Wold
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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7
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Valentino SA, Tarrade A, Aioun J, Mourier E, Richard C, Dahirel M, Rousseau-Ralliard D, Fournier N, Aubrière MC, Lallemand MS, Camous S, Guinot M, Charlier M, Aujean E, Al Adhami H, Fokkens PH, Agier L, Boere JA, Cassee FR, Slama R, Chavatte-Palmer P. Maternal exposure to diluted diesel engine exhaust alters placental function and induces intergenerational effects in rabbits. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:39. [PMID: 27460165 PMCID: PMC4962477 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airborne pollution is a rising concern in urban areas. Epidemiological studies in humans and animal experiments using rodent models indicate that gestational exposure to airborne pollution, in particular diesel engine exhaust (DE), reduces birth weight, but effects depend on exposure duration, gestational window and nanoparticle (NP) concentration. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of gestational exposure to diluted DE on feto-placental development in a rabbit model. Pregnant females were exposed to diluted (1 mg/m(3)), filtered DE (NP diameter ≈ 69 nm) or clean air (controls) for 2 h/day, 5 days/week by nose-only exposure (total exposure: 20 days in a 31-day gestation). RESULTS DE exposure induced early signs of growth retardation at mid gestation with decreased head length (p = 0.04) and umbilical pulse (p = 0.018). Near term, fetal head length (p = 0.029) and plasma insulin and IGF1 concentrations (p = 0.05 and p = 0.019) were reduced. Placental function was also affected, with reduced placental efficiency (fetal/placental weight) (p = 0.049), decreased placental blood flow (p = 0.009) and fetal vessel volume (p = 0.002). Non-aggregated and "fingerprint" NP were observed at various locations, in maternal blood space, in trophoblastic cells and in the fetal blood, demonstrating transplacental transfer. Adult female offspring were bred with control males. Although fetoplacental biometry was not affected near term, second generation fetal metabolism was modified by grand-dam exposure with decreased plasma cholesterol (p = 0.008) and increased triglyceride concentrations (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Repeated daily gestational exposure to DE at levels close to urban pollution can affect feto-placental development in the first and second generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Valentino
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Anne Tarrade
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Josiane Aioun
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Eve Mourier
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Richard
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Michèle Dahirel
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Natalie Fournier
- UFR de Pharmacie, Univ Paris-Sud, EA 4041/4529 Lip (Sys), Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Biochimie, UF Cardio-Vasculaire, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Aubrière
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Sylvie Lallemand
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Sylvaine Camous
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Marine Guinot
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Madia Charlier
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Etienne Aujean
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Hala Al Adhami
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Paul H. Fokkens
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Lydiane Agier
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, U823, IAB Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - John A. Boere
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Flemming R. Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rémy Slama
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, U823, IAB Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
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Boone-Heinonen J, Messer LC, Fortmann SP, Wallack L, Thornburg KL. From fatalism to mitigation: A conceptual framework for mitigating fetal programming of chronic disease by maternal obesity. Prev Med 2015; 81:451-9. [PMID: 26522092 PMCID: PMC4679670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal development is recognized as a critical period in the etiology of obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Potential strategies to reduce maternal obesity-induced risk later in life have been largely overlooked. In this paper, we first propose a conceptual framework for the role of public health and preventive medicine in mitigating the effects of fetal programming. Second, we review a small but growing body of research (through August 2015) that examines interactive effects of maternal obesity and two public health foci - diet and physical activity - in the offspring. Results of the review support the hypothesis that diet and physical activity after early life can attenuate disease susceptibility induced by maternal obesity, but human evidence is scant. Based on the review, we identify major gaps relevant for prevention research, such as characterizing the type and dose response of dietary and physical activity exposures that modify the adverse effects of maternal obesity in the offspring. Third, we discuss potential implications of interactions between maternal obesity and postnatal dietary and physical activity exposures for interventions to mitigate maternal obesity-induced risk among children. Our conceptual framework, evidence review, and future research directions offer a platform to develop, test, and implement fetal programming mitigation strategies for the current and future generations of children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lynne C Messer
- School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Lawrence Wallack
- School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Bob and Charlee Moore Institute for Nutrition and Wellness, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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9
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Yokota S, Sato A, Umezawa M, Oshio S, Takeda K. In utero exposure of mice to diesel exhaust particles affects spatial learning and memory with reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor expression in the hippocampus of male offspring. Neurotoxicology 2015; 50:108-15. [PMID: 26291742 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Diesel exhaust consists of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) and gaseous compounds. Previous studies reported that in utero exposure to diesel exhaust affects the central nervous system. However, there was no clear evidence that these effects were caused by diesel exhaust particles themselves, gaseous compounds, or both. Here, we explored the effects of in utero exposure to DEPs on learning and memory in male ICR mice. DEP solutions were administered subcutaneously to pregnant ICR mice at a dose of 0 or 200 μg/kg body weight on gestation days 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18. We examined learning and memory in 9-to-10-week-old male offspring using the Morris water maze test and passive avoidance test. Immediately after the behavioral tests, hippocampi were isolated. Hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NR) expression was also measured by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Mice exposed to DEPs in utero showed deficits in the Morris water maze test, but their performance was not significantly different from that of control mice in the passive avoidance test. In addition, DEP-exposed mice exhibited decreased hippocampal NR2A expression. The present results indicate that maternal DEP exposure disrupts learning and memory in male offspring, which is associated with reduced hippocampal NR2A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yokota
- The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Department of Hygiene Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ohu University, 31-3 Misumido, Tomita, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan.
| | - Akira Sato
- The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Oshio
- Department of Hygiene Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ohu University, 31-3 Misumido, Tomita, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan.
| | - Ken Takeda
- The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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10
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Abstract
In this review, we discuss the impact of environmental tobacco smoke and particulate and gaseous air pollutants derived from fossil fuel combustion on a particularly vulnerable population, infants and children. Indoor and outdoor air pollutants exacerbate chronic respiratory diseases and lower respiratory tract infections. However, there is an even more alarming impact of antenatal air pollution exposures. There are several reports in rodents and monkeys that maternal exposure to tobacco smoke or fossil fuel-generated air pollutants causes in utero growth retardation, lung remodeling, and immune cell activation which increase the risk for asthma or the risk of morbidity with respiratory infections. Importantly, epidemiologic studies confirm that maternal exposure to air pollutants decreases lung function in infants and children which may persist to young adulthood. Thus, environmental air pollutants contribute to childhood origins of chronic obstructive lung disease by changing the capacity for normal lung development and repair, by promoting early lung inflammation which increases the susceptibility to pollution-triggered symptomatic lung disease in adulthood, and by limiting the capacity for later adaptive/repair responses to environmental and infectious insults.
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11
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A perspective on the developmental toxicity of inhaled nanoparticles. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 56:118-40. [PMID: 26050605 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper aimed to clarify whether maternal inhalation of engineered nanoparticles (NP) may constitute a hazard to pregnancy and fetal development, primarily based on experimental animal studies of NP and air pollution particles. Overall, it is plausible that NP may translocate from the respiratory tract to the placenta and fetus, but also that adverse effects may occur secondarily to maternal inflammatory responses. The limited database describes several organ systems in the offspring to be potentially sensitive to maternal inhalation of particles, but large uncertainties exist about the implications for embryo-fetal development and health later in life. Clearly, the potential for hazard remains to be characterized. Considering the increased production and application of nanomaterials and related consumer products a testing strategy for NP should be established. Due to large gaps in data, significant amounts of groundwork are warranted for a testing strategy to be established on a sound scientific basis.
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12
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Woodward N, Finch CE, Morgan TE. Traffic-related air pollution and brain development. AIMS ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2015; 2:353-373. [PMID: 27099868 PMCID: PMC4835031 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2015.2.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Automotive traffic-related air pollution (TRP) imposes an increasing health burden with global urbanization. Gestational and early child exposure to urban TRP is associated with higher risk of autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia, as well as low birth weight. While cardio-respiratory effects from exposure are well documented, cognitive effects are only recently becoming widely recognized. This review discusses effects of TRP on brain and cognition in human and animal studies. The mechanisms underlying these epidemiological associations are studied with rodent models of pre- and neonatal exposure to TRP, which show persisting inflammatory changes and altered adult behaviors and cognition. Some behavioral and inflammatory changes show male bias. Rodent models may identify dietary and other interventions for neuroprotection to TRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Woodward
- Davis School of Gerontology and the Dornsife College, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles CA 9009-0191, USA
| | - Caleb E. Finch
- Davis School of Gerontology and the Dornsife College, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles CA 9009-0191, USA
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Davis School of Gerontology and the Dornsife College, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles CA 9009-0191, USA
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13
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Krauss-Etschmann S, Meyer KF, Dehmel S, Hylkema MN. Inter- and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: evidence in asthma and COPD? Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:53. [PMID: 26052354 PMCID: PMC4456695 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is now emerging that early life environment can have lifelong effects on metabolic, cardiovascular, and pulmonary function in offspring, a concept also known as fetal or developmental programming. In mammals, developmental programming is thought to occur mainly via epigenetic mechanisms, which include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and expression of non-coding RNAs. The effects of developmental programming can be induced by the intrauterine environment, leading to intergenerational epigenetic effects from one generation to the next. Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance may be considered when developmental programming is transmitted across generations that were not exposed to the initial environment which triggered the change. So far, inter- and transgenerational programming has been mainly described for cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk. In this review, we discuss available evidence that epigenetic inheritance also occurs in respiratory diseases, using asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as examples. While multiple epidemiological as well as animal studies demonstrate effects of 'toxic' intrauterine exposure on various asthma-related phenotypes in the offspring, only few studies link epigenetic marks to the observed phenotypes. As epigenetic marks may distinguish individuals most at risk of later disease at early age, it will enable early intervention strategies to reduce such risks. To achieve this goal further, well designed experimental and human studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Krauss-Etschmann
- />Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich and Children’s Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians University, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany
- />Priority Area Asthma & Allergy, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Research Center Borstel and Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Parkallee 1-40, Borstel, Germany
| | - Karolin F Meyer
- />Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
- />University of Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Dehmel
- />Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich and Children’s Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians University, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Machteld N Hylkema
- />Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
- />University of Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Retraction: Maternal diesel inhalation increases airway hyperreactivity in ozone-exposed offspring. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:523. [PMID: 25830632 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.524retraction] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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15
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Messer LC, Boone-Heinonen J, Mponwane L, Wallack L, Thornburg KL. Developmental Programming: Priming Disease Susceptibility for Subsequent Generations. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2015; 2:37-51. [PMID: 26366336 PMCID: PMC4563822 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-014-0033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Racial and/or ethnic minorities carry the highest burden of many adverse health outcomes intergenerationally We propose a paradigm in which developmental programming exacerbates the effects of racial patterning of adverse environmental conditions, thereby contributing to health disparity persistence. Evidence that developmental programming induces a heightened response to adverse exposures ("second hits") encountered later in life is considered. We evaluated the evidence for the second hit phenomenon reported in animal and human studies from three domains (air, stress, nutrition). Original research including a gestational exposure and a childhood or adulthood second hit exposure was reviewed. Evidence from animal studies suggest that prenatal exposure to air pollutants is associated with an exaggerated reaction to postnatal air pollution exposure, which results in worse health outcomes. It also indicates offspring exposed to prenatal maternal stress produce an exaggerated response to subsequent stressors, including anxiety and hyper-responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Similarly, prenatal and postnatal Western-style diets induce synergistic effects on weight gain, metabolic dysfunction, and atherosclerotic risk. Cross-domain second hits (e.g., gestational air pollution followed by childhood stressor) were also considered. Suboptimal gestational environments induce exaggerated offspring responses to subsequent environmental and social exposures. These developmental programming effects may result in enhanced sensitivity of ongoing, racially patterned, adverse exposures in race/ethnic minorities, thereby exacerbating health disparities from one generation to the next. Empirical assessment of the hypothesized role of priming processes in the propagation of health disparities is needed. Future social epidemiology research must explicitly consider synergistic relationships among social environmental conditions to which gestating females are exposed and offspring exposures when assessing causes for persistent health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. C. Messer
- School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J. Boone-Heinonen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - L. Mponwane
- School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - L. Wallack
- School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - K. L. Thornburg
- Moore Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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16
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Pusateri A, Shrader-Frechette K. Commentary: Flawed scientific-evidence standards delay diesel regulations. Account Res 2015; 22:162-91. [PMID: 25635848 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2014.956867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Of 188 government-monitored air toxics, diesel particulate matter (DPM) causes seven times more cancer than all the other 187 air toxics combined, including benzene, lead, and mercury. Yet, DPM is the only air toxic not regulated more stringently under the Clean Air Act, as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP). One reason is that regulators use flawed standards of scientific evidence. The article argues (1) that DPM meets all six specified evidentiary criteria, any one of which is sufficient for HAP regulation and (2) that regulators' standards of evidence for denying HAP status to DPM (no DPM unit-risk estimate, inadequate dose-response data, alleged weak mechanistic data) err logically and scientifically, set the evidence bar too high, delay regulation, and allow 21,000 avoidable DPM deaths annually in the U.S.
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17
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de Melo JO, Soto SF, Katayama IA, Wenceslau CF, Pires AG, Veras MM, Furukawa LNS, de Castro I, Saldiva PHN, Heimann JC. Inhalation of fine particulate matter during pregnancy increased IL-4 cytokine levels in the fetal portion of the placenta. Toxicol Lett 2014; 232:475-80. [PMID: 25481569 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the development of placental and systemic inflammation in rats exposed to fine particulate matter before or during pregnancy. Wistar rats were exposed to filtered air (control) or to a load of 600 μg/m(3) of fine particles in the air. The gene expression of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ, TNF-α and Toll-like receptor 4 in the placenta was evaluated. The serum and placental concentrations of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ and TNF-α were measured. The total and differential blood leukocyte and blood platelet count was assessed. Compared to control animals, IL-4 content was elevated in the fetal portion of the placenta in rats exposed to air pollution before and during pregnancy. Increased IL-4 suggests that a placental inflammatory reaction may have occurred in response to exposure to fine particulate matter and that this cytokine was responsible, among possibly others factors, for resolution of the inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sônia Fátima Soto
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, SP, Brazil
| | - Isis Akemi Katayama
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Gonçalves Pires
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetics and Molecular Nephrology - Department of Internal Medicine, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luzia N S Furukawa
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, SP, Brazil
| | - Isac de Castro
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Joel Claudio Heimann
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, SP, Brazil.
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18
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Ahn K. The role of air pollutants in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:993-9; discussion 1000. [PMID: 25439225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease and a growing health concern, especially in children, because of its high prevalence and associated low quality of life. Genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, or interactions between them contribute to the pathophysiology of AD. Therefore, it is very important to identify and control risk factors from the environment in susceptible subjects for successful treatment and prevention. Both indoor and outdoor air pollution, which are of increasing concern with urbanization, are well-known environmental risk factors for asthma, whereas there is relatively little evidence in AD. This review highlights epidemiologic and experimental data on the role of air pollution in patients with AD. Recent evidence suggests that a variety of air pollutants, such as environmental tobacco smoke, volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, toluene, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter, act as risk factors for the development or aggravation of AD. These air pollutants probably induce oxidative stress in the skin, leading to skin barrier dysfunction or immune dysregulation. However, these results are still controversial because of the low number of studies, limitations in study design, inaccurate assessment of exposure and absorption, and many other issues. Further research about the adverse effects of air pollution on AD will help to expand our understanding and to establish a better strategy for the prevention and management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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19
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Manners S, Alam R, Schwartz DA, Gorska MM. A mouse model links asthma susceptibility to prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:63-72. [PMID: 24365139 PMCID: PMC4065237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most asthma begins in the first years of life. This early onset cannot be attributed merely to genetic factors because the prevalence of asthma is increasing. Epidemiologic studies have indicated roles for prenatal and early childhood exposures, including exposure to diesel exhaust. However, little is known about the mechanisms. This is largely due to a paucity of animal models. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop a mouse model of asthma susceptibility through prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust. METHODS Pregnant C57BL/6 female mice were given repeated intranasal applications of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) or PBS. Offspring underwent suboptimal immunization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA) or received PBS. Pups were examined for features of asthma; lung and liver tissues were analyzed for transcription of DEP-regulated genes. RESULTS Offspring of mice exposed to DEPs were hypersensitive to OVA, as indicated by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, increased serum OVA-specific IgE levels, and increased pulmonary and systemic TH2 and TH17 cytokine levels. These cytokines were primarily produced by natural killer (NK) cells. Antibody-mediated depletion of NK cells prevented airway inflammation. Asthma susceptibility was associated with increased transcription of genes known to be specifically regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and oxidative stress. Features of asthma were either marginal or absent in OVA-treated pups of PBS-exposed mice. CONCLUSION We created a mouse model that linked maternal exposure to DEPs with asthma susceptibility in offspring. Development of asthma was dependent on NK cells and associated with increased transcription from aryl hydrocarbon receptor- and oxidative stress-regulated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Manners
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Rafeul Alam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colo
| | - David A Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colo
| | - Magdalena M Gorska
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colo.
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20
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Bolton JL, Auten RL, Bilbo SD. Prenatal air pollution exposure induces sexually dimorphic fetal programming of metabolic and neuroinflammatory outcomes in adult offspring. Brain Behav Immun 2014; 37:30-44. [PMID: 24184474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental chemical exposures during critical windows of development may contribute to the escalating prevalence of obesity. We tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), a primary component of air pollution, would prime microglia long-term, resulting in exacerbated metabolic and affective outcomes following exposure to a high-fat diet in adulthood. Time-mated mouse dams were intermittently exposed to respiratory instillations of either vehicle (VEH) or DEP throughout gestation. Adult male and female offspring were then fed either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 9 weeks. The male offspring of DEP-exposed dams exhibited exaggerated weight gain, insulin resistance, and anxiety-like behavior on HFD compared to the male offspring of VEH-exposed dams, whereas female offspring did not differ according to prenatal treatment. Furthermore, HFD induced evidence of macrophage infiltration of both adipose tissue and the brain in both sexes, but these cells were more activated specifically in DEP/HFD males. DEP/HFD males also expressed markedly higher levels of microglial/macrophage, but not astrocyte, activation markers in the hippocampus, whereas females exhibited only a suppression of astrocyte activation markers due to HFD. In a second experiment, DEP male offspring mounted an exaggerated peripheral IL-1β response to an LPS challenge at postnatal day (P)30, whereas their central IL-1β response did not differ from VEH male offspring, which is suggestive of macrophage priming due to prenatal DEP exposure. In sum, prenatal air pollution exposure "programs" offspring for increased susceptibility to diet-induced metabolic, behavioral, and neuroinflammatory changes in adulthood in a sexually dimorphic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Bolton
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Richard L Auten
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Staci D Bilbo
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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21
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Weldy CS, Liu Y, Liggitt HD, Chin MT. In utero exposure to diesel exhaust air pollution promotes adverse intrauterine conditions, resulting in weight gain, altered blood pressure, and increased susceptibility to heart failure in adult mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88582. [PMID: 24533117 PMCID: PMC3922927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) is strongly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy promotes reduced birthweight, and the associated adverse intrauterine conditions may also promote adult risk of cardiovascular disease. Here, we investigated the potential for in utero exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) air pollution, a major source of urban PM2.5, to promote adverse intrauterine conditions and influence adult susceptibility to disease. We exposed pregnant female C57Bl/6J mice to DE (≈300 µg/m3 PM2.5, 6 hrs/day, 5 days/week) from embryonic day (E) 0.5 to 17.5. At E17.5 embryos were collected for gravimetric analysis and assessed for evidence of resorption. Placental tissues underwent pathological examination to assess the extent of injury, inflammatory cell infiltration, and oxidative stress. In addition, some dams that were exposed to DE were allowed to give birth to pups and raise offspring in filtered air (FA) conditions. At 10-weeks of age, body weight and blood pressure were measured. At 12-weeks of age, cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Susceptibility to pressure overload-induced heart failure was then determined after transverse aortic constriction surgery. We found that in utero exposure to DE increases embryo resorption, and promotes placental hemorrhage, focal necrosis, compaction of labyrinth vascular spaces, inflammatory cell infiltration and oxidative stress. In addition, we observed that in utero DE exposure increased body weight, but counterintuitively reduced blood pressure without any changes in baseline cardiac function in adult male mice. Importantly, we observed these mice to have increased susceptibility to pressure-overload induced heart failure, suggesting this in utero exposure to DE ‘reprograms’ the heart to a heightened susceptibility to failure. These observations provide important data to suggest that developmental exposure to air pollution may strongly influence adult susceptibility to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad S Weldy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America ; Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Yonggang Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - H Denny Liggitt
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael T Chin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America ; Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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22
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Gray SC, Edwards SE, Schultz BD, Miranda ML. Assessing the impact of race, social factors and air pollution on birth outcomes: a population-based study. Environ Health 2014; 13:4. [PMID: 24476365 PMCID: PMC3922656 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-13-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both air pollution exposure and socioeconomic status (SES) are important indicators of children's health. Using highly resolved modeled predictive surfaces, we examine the joint effects of air pollution exposure and measures of SES in a population level analysis of pregnancy outcomes in North Carolina (NC). METHODS Daily measurements of particulate matter <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) were calculated through a spatial hierarchical Bayesian model which produces census-tract level point predictions. Using multilevel models and NC birth data from 2002-2006, we examine the association between pregnancy averaged PM2.5 and O3, individual and area-based SES indicators, and birth outcomes. RESULTS Maternal race and education, and neighborhood household income were associated with adverse birth outcomes. Predicted concentrations of PM2.5 and O3 were also associated with an additional effect on reductions in birth weight and increased risks of being born low birth weight and small for gestational age. CONCLUSIONS This paper builds on and complements previous work on the relationship between pregnancy outcomes and air pollution exposure by using 1) highly resolved air pollution exposure data; 2) a five-year population level sample of pregnancies; and 3) including personal and areal level measures of social determinants of pregnancy outcomes. Results show a stable and negative association between air pollution exposure and adverse birth outcomes. Additionally, the more socially disadvantaged populations are at a greater risk; controlling for both SES and environmental stressors provides a better understanding of the contributing factors to poor children's health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone C Gray
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sharon E Edwards
- Children’s Environmental Health Initiative, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bradley D Schultz
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marie Lynn Miranda
- Children’s Environmental Health Initiative, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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23
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Selgrade MK, Blain RB, Fedak KM, Cawley MA. Potential risk of asthma associated with in utero exposure to xenobiotics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 99:1-13. [PMID: 23723168 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of asthma, a complex disease and significant public health problem, has been increasing over the last 30 years for unknown reasons. Changes in environmental exposures or lifestyle may be involved. In some cases asthma may originate in utero or in early life. Associations have been found between in utero exposures to several xenobiotics and increased risk of asthma. There is convincing evidence that maternal smoking and/or in utero and perinatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke are associated with increased risk of asthma. Similar effects have been demonstrated in animal models of allergic asthma. Evidence also suggests that in utero and/or early-life exposures to various ambient air pollutants may increase the risk of asthma although supporting animal data are very limited. A few studies have suggested that in utero exposure to acetaminophen is associated with increased risk of asthma; however, animal data are lacking. Various vitamin deficiencies and supplements during pregnancy have been studied. In general, it appears that vitamins A, C, and E have protective effects and vitamins D and B may, in some instances, increase the risk, but the data are not conclusive. Some studies related to in utero exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls and bisphenol A and asthma risk are also reported. The underlying mechanisms for an association between xenobiotic exposures and asthma remain a matter of speculation. Genetic predisposition and epigenetic changes have been explored. The developing immune, respiratory, and nervous systems are potential targets. Oxidative stress and modulation of inflammation are thought to be involved.
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24
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Ema M, Naya M, Horimoto M, Kato H. Developmental toxicity of diesel exhaust: A review of studies in experimental animals. Reprod Toxicol 2013; 42:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Weldy CS, Liu Y, Chang YC, Medvedev IO, Fox JR, Larson TV, Chien WM, Chin MT. In utero and early life exposure to diesel exhaust air pollution increases adult susceptibility to heart failure in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2013; 10:59. [PMID: 24279743 PMCID: PMC3902482 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) is a global health concern, as exposure to PM2.5 has consistently been found to be associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although adult exposure to traffic related PM2.5, which is largely derived from diesel exhaust (DE), has been associated with increased cardiac hypertrophy, there are limited investigations into the potential effect of in utero and early life exposure on adult susceptibility to heart disease. In this study, we investigate the effect of in utero and early life exposure to DE on adult susceptibility to heart failure. Methods Female C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to either filtered air (FA) or DE for 3 weeks (≈300 μg/m3 PM2.5 for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week) and then introduced to male breeders for timed matings. Female mice were exposed to either FA or DE throughout pregnancy and until offspring were 3 weeks of age. Offspring were then transferred to either FA or DE for an additional 8 weeks of exposure. At 12 weeks of age, male offspring underwent a baseline echocardiographic assessment, followed by a sham or transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery to induce pressure overload. Following sacrifice three weeks post surgery, ventricles were processed for histology to assess myocardial fibrosis and individual cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. mRNA from lung tissue was isolated to measure expression of inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNFα. Results We observed that mice exposed to DE during in utero and early life development have significantly increased susceptibility to cardiac hypertrophy, systolic failure, myocardial fibrosis, and pulmonary congestion following TAC surgery compared to FA control, or adult DE exposed mice. In utero and early life DE exposure also strongly modified the inflammatory cytokine response in the adult lung. Conclusions We conclude that exposure to diesel exhaust air pollution during in utero and early life development in mice increases adult susceptibility to heart failure. The results of this study may imply that the effects of air pollution on cardiovascular disease in human populations may be strongly mediated through a ‘fetal origins’ of adult disease pathway. Further investigations on this potential pathway of disease are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael T Chin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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26
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Britt RD, Faksh A, Vogel E, Martin RJ, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. Perinatal factors in neonatal and pediatric lung diseases. Expert Rev Respir Med 2013; 7:515-31. [PMID: 24090092 DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2013.838020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Wheezing and asthma are significant clinical problems for infants and young children, particularly following premature birth. Recurrent wheezing in infants can progress to persistent asthma. As in adults, altered airway structure (remodeling) and function (increased bronchoconstriction) are also important in neonatal and pediatric airway diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that airway disease in children is influenced by perinatal factors including perturbations in normal fetal lung development, postnatal interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU) and environmental and other insults in the neonatal period. Here, in addition to genetics, maternal health, environmental processes, innate immunity and impaired lung development/function can all influence pathogenesis of airway disease in children. We summarize current understanding of how prenatal and postnatal factors can contribute to development of airway diseases in neonates and children. Understanding these mechanisms will help identify and develop novel therapies for childhood airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney D Britt
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, 4-184 W Jos SMH, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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27
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Bolton JL, Huff NC, Smith SH, Mason SN, Foster WM, Auten RL, Bilbo SD. Maternal stress and effects of prenatal air pollution on offspring mental health outcomes in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2013; 121:1075-82. [PMID: 23823752 PMCID: PMC3764088 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1306560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low socioeconomic status is consistently associated with reduced physical and mental health, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Increased levels of urban air pollutants interacting with parental stress have been proposed to explain health disparities in respiratory disease, but the impact of such interactions on mental health is unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine whether prenatal air pollution exposure and stress during pregnancy act synergistically on offspring to induce a neuroinflammatory response and subsequent neurocognitive disorders in adulthood. METHODS Mouse dams were intermittently exposed via oropharyngeal aspiration to diesel exhaust particles (DEP; 50 μg × 6 doses) or vehicle throughout gestation. This exposure was combined with standard housing or nest material restriction (NR; a novel model of maternal stress) during the last third of gestation. RESULTS Adult (postnatal day 60) offspring of dams that experienced both stressors (DEP and NR) displayed increased anxiety, but only male offspring of this group had impaired cognition. Furthermore, maternal DEP exposure increased proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β levels within the brains of adult males but not females, and maternal DEP and NR both decreased anti-inflammatory IL-10 in male, but not female, brains. Similarly, only DEP/NR males showed increased expression of the innate immune recognition gene toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) and its downstream effector, caspase-1. CONCLUSIONS These results show that maternal stress during late gestation increases the susceptibility of offspring-particularly males-to the deleterious effects of prenatal air pollutant exposure, which may be due to a synergism of these factors acting on innate immune recognition genes and downstream neuroinflammatory cascades within the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Bolton
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
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Prenatal environmental factors influencing IgE levels, atopy and early asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 13:187-92. [PMID: 23385288 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e32835e82d3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is increasing evidence that the prenatal window represents a critical period in which the developing immune system may be primed toward an allergic phenotype. Studies have investigated the role of a number of maternal environmental exposures on subsequent allergic disorders in the offspring. We summarize findings from recent studies on prenatal environmental factors influencing IgE levels, atopy, and early asthma. RECENT FINDINGS A building literature supports the influence of maternal exposure to environmental pollutants, such as allergens, traffic-related air pollution, tobacco smoke, and organochlorine compounds and social factors on allergic outcomes. More novel associations have been investigated, such as the effect of prenatal exposures to phthalates, bisphenol A, and magnetic fields. There is also rising interest in epigenetics as a pathway of action by which maternal exposure affect immune health. SUMMARY Emerging research highlights the challenges of investigating in-utero exposures and of relating exposures to such a heterogeneous and complex outcome as allergic disease. Further research is needed on the mechanisms by which prenatal exposure influences allergic response in childhood and how postnatal, familial and social factors, and sex can modify disease outcomes. Epigenetics is a promising new frontier, and likely one of several explanatory factors.
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29
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Davis DA, Bortolato M, Godar SC, Sander TK, Iwata N, Pakbin P, Shih JC, Berhane K, McConnell R, Sioutas C, Finch CE, Morgan TE. Prenatal exposure to urban air nanoparticles in mice causes altered neuronal differentiation and depression-like responses. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64128. [PMID: 23734187 PMCID: PMC3667185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that excessive exposure to traffic-derived air pollution during pregnancy may increase the vulnerability to neurodevelopmental alterations that underlie a broad array of neuropsychiatric disorders. We present a mouse model for prenatal exposure to urban freeway nanoparticulate matter (nPM). In prior studies, we developed a model for adult rodent exposure to re-aerosolized urban nPM which caused inflammatory brain responses with altered neuronal glutamatergic functions. nPMs are collected continuously for one month from a local freeway and stored as an aqueous suspension, prior to re-aerosolization for exposure of mice under controlled dose and duration. This paradigm was used for a pilot study of prenatal nPM impact on neonatal neurons and adult behaviors. Adult C57BL/6J female mice were exposed to re-aerosolized nPM (350 µg/m3) or control filtered ambient air for 10 weeks (3×5 hour exposures per week), encompassing gestation and oocyte maturation prior to mating. Prenatal nPM did not alter litter size, pup weight, or postnatal growth. Neonatal cerebral cortex neurons at 24 hours in vitro showed impaired differentiation, with 50% reduction of stage 3 neurons with long neurites and correspondingly more undifferentiated neurons at Stages 0 and 1. Neuron number after 24 hours of culture was not altered by prenatal nPM exposure. Addition of exogenous nPM (2 µg/ml) to the cultures impaired pyramidal neuron Stage 3 differentiation by 60%. Adult males showed increased depression-like responses in the tail-suspension test, but not anxiety-related behaviors. These pilot data suggest that prenatal exposure to nPM can alter neuronal differentiation with gender-specific behavioral sequelae that may be relevant to human prenatal exposure to urban vehicular aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Davis
- Davis School of Gerontology, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Sean C. Godar
- School of Pharmacy, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas K. Sander
- Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Nahoko Iwata
- Davis School of Gerontology, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Payam Pakbin
- Viterbi School of Engineering, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jean C. Shih
- School of Pharmacy, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Rob McConnell
- Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Viterbi School of Engineering, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Caleb E. Finch
- Davis School of Gerontology, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Dept. of Neurobiology, Dornsife College, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Davis School of Gerontology, USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Miranda ML, Edwards SE, Chang HH, Auten RL. Proximity to roadways and pregnancy outcomes. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2013; 23:32-8. [PMID: 22805991 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2012.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Adverse birth outcomes are associated with exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. Road proximity is a simple, widely available metric for capturing local variation in exposure to traffic-related air pollution. We characterized maternal exposure to traffic-related air pollution during pregnancy using residential proximity to major roadways among 2004-2008 singleton births in NC. Controlling for maternal race, age, education, nativity, marital status, and tobacco use, and season of birth, parity, infant sex, and Census tract-level urbanization and income, we evaluated the association between road proximity and pregnancy outcomes using generalized linear mixed models with a random intercept for each Census tract. Birth weight, birth weight percentile for gestational age, gestational hypertension, and small-for-gestational age were not associated with road proximity; however, women residing within 250 m of a major roadway were at 3-5% increased odds of low birth weight, preterm birth, and late preterm birth compared with women residing beyond 250 m (P<0.05). Our analyses demonstrate an association between proximity to major roadways and pregnancy outcomes using a large sample. Road proximity may represent a relatively straightforward method for assessing maternal risk from exposure to traffic-related air pollution, with results offering guidance for studies that can more accurately characterize air pollution exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lynn Miranda
- Children's Environmental Health Initiative, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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Bolton JL, Smith SH, Huff NC, Gilmour MI, Foster WM, Auten RL, Bilbo SD. Prenatal air pollution exposure induces neuroinflammation and predisposes offspring to weight gain in adulthood in a sex‐specific manner. FASEB J 2012; 26:4743-54. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-210989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Bolton
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Susan H. Smith
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Nicole C. Huff
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - M. Ian Gilmour
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research LaboratoryU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - W. Michael Foster
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Richard L. Auten
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Staci D. Bilbo
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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