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Baudin J, Hernandez-Baixauli J, Romero-Giménez J, Yang H, Mulero F, Puiggròs F, Mardinoglu A, Arola L, Caimari A. A cocktail of histidine, carnosine, cysteine and serine reduces adiposity and improves metabolic health and adipose tissue immunometabolic function in ovariectomized rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117326. [PMID: 39208671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Many women have sought alternative therapies to address menopause. Recently, a multi-ingredient supplement (MIS) containing L-histidine, L-carnosine, L-serine, and L-cysteine has been shown to be effective at ameliorating hepatic steatosis (HS) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, a postmenopausal oestrogen deficiency model. Considering that HS frequently accompanies obesity, which often occurs during menopause, we aimed to investigate the effects of this MIS for 8 weeks in OVX rats. Twenty OVX rats were orally supplemented with either MIS (OVX-MIS) or vehicle (OVX). Ten OVX rats received vehicle orally along with subcutaneous injections of 17β-oestradiol (OVX-E2), whereas 10 rats underwent a sham operation and received oral and injected vehicles (control group). MIS consumption partly counteracted the fat mass accretion observed in OVX animals, leading to decreased total fat mass, adiposity index and retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RWAT) adipocyte hypertrophy. OVX-MIS rats also displayed increased lean mass and lean/fat ratio, suggesting a healthier body composition, similar to the results reported for OVX-E2 animals. MIS consumption decreased the circulating levels of the proinflammatory marker CRP, the total cholesterol-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio and the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, a biomarker of diabetes risk and metabolic syndrome. RWAT transcriptomics indicated that MIS favourably regulated genes involved in adipocyte structure and morphology, cell fate determination and differentiation, glucose/insulin homeostasis, inflammation, response to stress and oxidative phosphorylation, which may be mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects described for OVX-MIS rats. Our results pave the way for using this MIS formulation to improve the body composition and immunometabolic health of menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Baudin
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, Reus 43204, Spain; Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Julia Hernandez-Baixauli
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, Reus 43204, Spain
| | - Jordi Romero-Giménez
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, Reus 43204, Spain
| | - Hong Yang
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-17165, Sweden
| | - Francisca Mulero
- Molecular Imaging Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Puiggròs
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, Reus 43204, Spain
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-17165, Sweden; Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lluís Arola
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain.
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, Reus 43204, Spain.
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Qin Y, Yao S, Wang G, Xu Z, Zhu G, Li Y, Yang P, Wang J, Zou C, Chen C. The Gastric Connection: Serum Gastric Biomarkers, Metabolic Syndrome and Transition in Metabolic Status. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:6439-6452. [PMID: 39310898 PMCID: PMC11414752 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s475352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the roles of pepsinogens (PGs) and gastrin, known biomarkers linked to gastric inflammation, in MetS and the transition of MetS status are unclear. This research aimed to explore the relationship between MetS, the transition of MetS status, and levels of gastric biomarkers. Methods This large-scale cross-sectional study included 19162 participants aged 18-80 years between August 2021 and March 2024. Serum levels of the gastric biomarkers PGI, PGII, and gastrin-17 were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, the relationship between transitions of MetS status based on 1032 MetS-negative participants from baseline to the second health exam after 2 years was considered. The association between MetS and the transitions of MetS status and gastric biomarkers was analyzed using logistic regression models. Results The prevalence of MetS in the study population was 31.4%, with higher rates in males (35.2%) than females (24.6%). Gastrin-17 levels were markedly elevated in participants with MetS, a trend observed in both genders. In the logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding factors, gastrin-17 levels were strongly and positively correlated with MetS in the entire cohort and in males but not in females. Male participants with MetS had lower levels of PGI and PGII than those without MetS, whereas the opposite trend was observed in females. Logistic regression analysis indicated that PGI and PGII were not independently associated with MetS. During the follow-up of 2 years, 199 (19.28%) of the 1032 MetS-negative participants transitioned to MetS-positive status. As compared to the stable MetS-negative subjects, transition from MetS-negative to MetS-positive was associated with higher levels of gastrin-17, especially in males, but not in females. Conclusion Gastrin-17 is a promising biomarker for MetS, exhibiting potential utility in monitoring the transition of MetS status and revealing gender difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiang Qin
- Department of Health Management Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Chronic Disease Health Management Medical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanhu Yao
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaoyuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyuan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Health Management Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Chronic Disease Health Management Medical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Health Management Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Chronic Disease Health Management Medical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Health Management Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Chronic Disease Health Management Medical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunbo Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changhan Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- National Medical Metabolomics International Collaborative Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Z, Chen X, Meng Y, Jiang J, Wu L, Chen T, Pan H, Jiao Z, Du L, Man C, Chen S, Wang F, Gao H, Chen Q. Up-Regulation of S100A8 and S100A9 in Pulmonary Immune Response Induced by a Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum HN-B Strain. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2064. [PMID: 39061526 PMCID: PMC11274312 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (Mcc), a member of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster, has a negative impact on the goat-breeding industry. However, little is known about the pathogenic mechanism of Mcc. This study infected mice using a previously isolated strain, Mcc HN-B. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, RNA sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, RT-qPCR, and immunohistochemistry were performed on mouse lung tissues. The results showed that 235 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses suggested that the DEGs were mainly associated with immune response, defensive response to bacteria, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and T cell receptor signaling pathway. RT-qPCR verified the expression of Ccl5, Cd4, Cd28, Il2rb, Lck, Lat, Ptgs2, S100a8, S100a9, and Il-33. The up-regulation of S100A8 and S100A9 at the protein level was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, RT-qPCR assays on Mcc HN-B-infected RAW264.7 cells also showed that the expression of S100a8 and S100a9 was elevated. S100A8 and S100A9 not only have diagnostic value in Mcc infection but also hold great significance in clarifying the pathogenic mechanism of Mcc. This study preliminarily elucidates the mechanism of Mcc HN-B-induced lung injury and provides a theoretical basis for further research on Mcc-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongyan Gao
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Z.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.M.); (J.J.); (L.W.); (T.C.); (H.P.); (Z.J.); (L.D.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.W.)
| | - Qiaoling Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Z.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.M.); (J.J.); (L.W.); (T.C.); (H.P.); (Z.J.); (L.D.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.W.)
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Acharjee A, Wijesinghe SN, Russ D, Gkoutos G, Jones SW. Cross-species transcriptomics identifies obesity associated genes between human and mouse studies. J Transl Med 2024; 22:592. [PMID: 38918843 PMCID: PMC11197204 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fundamentally defined by an imbalance in energy consumption and energy expenditure, obesity is a significant risk factor of several musculoskeletal conditions including osteoarthritis (OA). High-fat diets and sedentary lifestyle leads to increased adiposity resulting in systemic inflammation due to the endocrine properties of adipose tissue producing inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. We previously showed serum levels of specific adipokines are associated with biomarkers of bone remodelling and cartilage volume loss in knee OA patients. Whilst more recently we find the metabolic consequence of obesity drives the enrichment of pro-inflammatory fibroblast subsets within joint synovial tissues in obese individuals compared to those of BMI defined 'health weight'. As such this present study identifies obesity-associated genes in OA joint tissues which are conserved across species and conditions. METHODS The study utilised 6 publicly available bulk and single-cell transcriptomic datasets from human and mice studies downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Machine learning models were employed to model and statistically test datasets for conserved gene expression profiles. Identified genes were validated in OA tissues from obese and healthy weight individuals using quantitative PCR method (N = 38). Obese and healthy-weight patients were categorised by BMI > 30 and BMI between 18 and 24.9 respectively. Informed consent was obtained from all study participants who were scheduled to undergo elective arthroplasty. RESULTS Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to investigate the variations between classes of mouse and human data which confirmed variation between obese and healthy populations. Differential gene expression analysis filtered on adjusted p-values of p < 0.05, identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in mouse and human datasets. DEGs were analysed further using area under curve (AUC) which identified 12 genes. Pathway enrichment analysis suggests these genes were involved in the biosynthesis and elongation of fatty acids and the transport, oxidation, and catabolic processing of lipids. qPCR validation found the majority of genes showed a tendency to be upregulated in joint tissues from obese participants. Three validated genes, IGFBP2 (p = 0.0363), DOK6 (0.0451) and CASP1 (0.0412) were found to be significantly different in obese joint tissues compared to lean-weight joint tissues. CONCLUSIONS The present study has employed machine learning models across several published obesity datasets to identify obesity-associated genes which are validated in joint tissues from OA. These results suggest obesity-associated genes are conserved across conditions and may be fundamental in accelerating disease in obese individuals. Whilst further validations and additional conditions remain to be tested in this model, identifying obesity-associated genes in this way may serve as a global aid for patient stratification giving rise to the potential of targeted therapeutic interventions in such patient subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Acharjee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Birmingham, UK.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Foundation Trust, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Susanne N Wijesinghe
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dominic Russ
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Foundation Trust, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Georgios Gkoutos
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Foundation Trust, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Hu Y, Li W, Cheng X, Yang H, She ZG, Cai J, Li H, Zhang XJ. Emerging Roles and Therapeutic Applications of Arachidonic Acid Pathways in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Circ Res 2024; 135:222-260. [PMID: 38900855 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease has become a major health burden worldwide, with sharply increasing prevalence but highly limited therapeutic interventions. Emerging evidence has revealed that arachidonic acid derivatives and pathway factors link metabolic disorders to cardiovascular risks and intimately participate in the progression and severity of cardiometabolic diseases. In this review, we systemically summarized and updated the biological functions of arachidonic acid pathways in cardiometabolic diseases, mainly focusing on heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and diabetes. We further discussed the cellular and molecular mechanisms of arachidonic acid pathway-mediated regulation of cardiometabolic diseases and highlighted the emerging clinical advances to improve these pathological conditions by targeting arachidonic acid metabolites and pathway factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
| | - Xu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Hailong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
| | - Jingjing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.C.)
| | - Hongliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China (H.L.)
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, China (X.-J.Z.)
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Luo Y, Ma W, Cheng S, Yuan T, Li J, Hao H, Liu K, Zeng M, Pan Y. Transplantation of Cold-Stimulated Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Improves Fat Retention and Recipient Metabolism. Aesthet Surg J 2024; 44:NP486-NP500. [PMID: 38518754 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjae070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induction of beige fat for grafting is an emerging transplantation strategy. However, safety concerns associated with pharmaceutical interventions limit its wider application. Moreover, because beige fat is a special type of fat with strong metabolic functions, its effect on the metabolism of recipients after grafting has not been explored in the plastic surgery domain. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore whether cold-induced inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) transplantation has a higher retention rate and beneficial effects on recipient metabolism. METHODS C57/BL6 mice were subjected to cold stimulation for 48 hours to induce the browning of iWAT and harvested immediately. Subsequently, each mouse received a transplant of 0.2 mL cold-induced iWAT or normal iWAT. Fat grafts and recipients' iWAT, epididymal adipose tissue, and brown adipose tissue were harvested at 8 weeks after operation. Immunofluorescence staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were used for histological and molecular analysis. RESULTS Cold-induced iWAT grafting had a higher mean [standard error of the mean] retention rate (67.33% [1.74%] vs 55.83% [2.94%], P < .01) and more satisfactory structural integrity than normal iWAT. Histological changes identified improved adipose tissue homeostasis after cold challenge, including abundant smaller adipocytes, higher levels of adipogenesis, angiogenesis, and proliferation, but lower levels of fibrosis. More importantly, cold-induced iWAT grafting suppressed the inflammation of epididymal adipose tissue caused by conventional fat grafting, and activated the glucose metabolism and thermogenic activity of recipients' adipose tissues. CONCLUSIONS Cold-induced iWAT grafting is an effective nonpharmacological intervention strategy to improve the retention rate and homeostasis of grafts. Furthermore, it improves the adverse effects caused by traditional fat grafting, while also conferring metabolic benefits.
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Chao M, Wang M, Han H, Liu Y, Sun X, Tian T, Pang W, Cai R. Profiling of m 6A methylation in porcine intramuscular adipocytes and unravelling PHKG1 represses porcine intramuscular lipid deposition in an m 6A-dependent manner. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132728. [PMID: 38825295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is mainly determined by intramuscular preadipocyte adipogenesis. Epigenetic modifications are known to have a regulatory effect on IMF. As N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant epigenetic modification in eukaryotic RNAs. In the present study, we used m6A methylation and RNA sequencing (seq) to identify the m6A-modified RNAs associated with the adipogenic differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes. Among them, the expression and m6A level of phosphorylase kinase subunit G1 (PHKG1) were found to be significantly changed during adipogenesis. Further studies revealed that knockdown of the methylase METTL3 decreased the m6A methylation of PHKG1 and led to a reduction in PHKG1. Moreover, knockdown of PHKG1 promoted adipogenic differentiation by upregulating the expression of adipogenic genes. In addition, we found that the IMF content in the longissimus thoracis (LT) of Bamei (BM) pigs was greater than that in Large White (LW) pigs, whereas the m6A and PHKG1 expression levels were lower in BM pigs. These findings indicate that the m6A level and expression of PHKG1 were significantly correlated with IMF content and meat quality. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the mechanism by which m6A modification regulates IMF deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Chao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Haozhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tingting Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Rui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Zhang R, Bai D, Zhen W, Hu X, Zhang H, Zhong J, Zhang Y, Ito K, Zhang B, Yang Y, Li J, Ma Y. Aspirin eugenol ester affects ileal barrier function, inflammatory response and microbiota in broilers under lipopolysaccharide-induced immune stress conditions. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1401909. [PMID: 38872795 PMCID: PMC11169880 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1401909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) on ileal immune function in broilers under lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune stress. Methods Two hundred and forty one-day-old male Arbor Acres chicks were randomly divided into four groups (saline, LPS, saline + AEE and LPS + AEE) with six replicates of ten broilers each. The saline group and LPS group were fed the normal diet, while the other two groups received normal diet plus 0.1 g/kg AEE. Broilers in the LPS and LPS + AEE groups were injected intraperitoneally with 0.5 mg/kg B.W LPS in saline for seven consecutive days beginning at 14 days of age, while broilers in the saline and saline + AEE groups were injected with saline only. Results The results showed that AEE improved the ileal morphology and increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of immune-stressed broilers. LPS-induced immune stress significantly reduced the expression of the genes for the tight junction proteins occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1 and claudin-2, in the ileum, while AEE significantly up-regulated the expression of these genes. Compared with the saline group, the LPS-treated chickens showed significantly increased mRNA expression of the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthesase-1 (mPGES-1) in the ileum, while they were significantly decreased by AEE supplementation. In addition, analysis of the ileal bacterial composition showed that compared with saline and LPS + AEE groups, the proportion of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in the LPS group was lower, while the proportion of Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella was higher. Similarly, Line Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis showed that compared with the LPS group, Brevibacillus was dominant in the saline group, while the LPS + AEE group was rich in Rhizobium, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminococcaceae, Faecalibacterium, Negativibacillus, Oscillospiraceae, and Flavonifractor. Conclusion These results indicate that dietary supplementation with 0.1 g/kg AEE could protect the intestinal health by improving the intestinal villus morphology, enhancing the expression of tight junction genes and alleviating inflammation to resist the immune stress caused by LPS stimulation in broilers, and the mechanism may involve COX-2-related signal transduction and improved intestinal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Zhang
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dongying Bai
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Wenrui Zhen
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaodi Hu
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiale Zhong
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Koichi Ito
- Department of Food and Physiological Models, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Bingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Ma
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Longmen Laboratory, Science and Technology Innovation Center for Completed Set Equipment, Luoyang, China
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9
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Hong L, Zahradka P, Taylor CG. Differential Modulation by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) of Mesenteric Fat and Macrophages and T Cells in Adipose Tissue of Obese fa/ fa Zucker Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1311. [PMID: 38732558 PMCID: PMC11085824 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can alter adipose tissue function; however, the relative effects of plant and marine n3-PUFAs are less clear. Our objective was to directly compare the n3-PUFAs, plant-based α-linolenic acid (ALA) in flaxseed oil, and marine-based eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in high-purity oils versus n6-PUFA containing linoleic acid (LA) for their effects on the adipose tissue and oral glucose tolerance of obese rats. Male fa/fa Zucker rats were assigned to faALA, faEPA, faDHA, and faLA groups and compared to baseline fa/fa rats (faBASE) and lean Zucker rats (lnLA). After 8 weeks, faEPA and faDHA had 11-14% lower body weight than faLA. The oral glucose tolerance and total body fat were unchanged, but faEPA had less mesenteric fat. faEPA and faDHA had fewer large adipocytes compared to faLA and faALA. EPA reduced macrophages in the adipose tissue of fa/fa rats compared to ALA and DHA, while faLA had the greatest macrophage infiltration. DHA decreased (~10-fold) T-cell infiltration compared to faBASE and faEPA, whereas faALA and faLA had an ~40% increase. The n3-PUFA diets attenuated tumour necrosis factor-α in adipose tissue compared to faBASE, while it was increased by LA in both genotypes. In conclusion, EPA and DHA target different aspects of inflammation in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hong
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Carla G. Taylor
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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10
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Zhao JY, Zhou LJ, Ma KL, Hao R, Li M. MHO or MUO? White adipose tissue remodeling. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13691. [PMID: 38186200 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In this review, we delve into the intricate relationship between white adipose tissue (WAT) remodeling and metabolic aspects in obesity, with a specific focus on individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). WAT is a highly heterogeneous, plastic, and dynamically secreting endocrine and immune organ. WAT remodeling plays a crucial role in metabolic health, involving expansion mode, microenvironment, phenotype, and distribution. In individuals with MHO, WAT remodeling is beneficial, reducing ectopic fat deposition and insulin resistance (IR) through mechanisms like increased adipocyte hyperplasia, anti-inflammatory microenvironment, appropriate extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, appropriate vascularization, enhanced WAT browning, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SWAT) deposition. Conversely, for those with MUO, WAT remodeling leads to ectopic fat deposition and IR, causing metabolic dysregulation. This process involves adipocyte hypertrophy, disrupted vascularization, heightened pro-inflammatory microenvironment, enhanced brown adipose tissue (BAT) whitening, and accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VWAT) deposition. The review underscores the pivotal importance of intervening in WAT remodeling to hinder the transition from MHO to MUO. This insight is valuable for tailoring personalized and effective management strategies for patients with obesity in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yi Zhao
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Juan Zhou
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Le Ma
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Xiang G, Guo S, Xing N, Du Q, Qin J, Gao H, Zhang Y, Wang S. Mangiferin, a Potential Supplement to Improve Metabolic Syndrome: Current Status and Future Opportunities. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:355-386. [PMID: 38533569 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a considerable clinical and public health burden worldwide. Mangiferin (MF), a flavonoid compound present in diverse species such as mango (Mangifera indica L.), papaya (Pseudocydonia sinensis (Thouin) C. K. Schneid.), zhimu (Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge), and honeybush tea (Cyclopia genistoides), boasts a broad array of pharmacological effects. It holds promising uses in nutritionally and functionally targeted foods, particularly concerning MetS treatment. It is therefore pivotal to systematically investigate MF's therapeutic mechanism for MetS and its applications in food and pharmaceutical sectors. This review, with the aid of a network pharmacology approach complemented by this experimental studies, unravels possible mechanisms underlying MF's MetS treatment. Network pharmacology results suggest that MF treats MetS effectively through promoting insulin secretion, targeting obesity and inflammation, alleviating insulin resistance (IR), and mainly operating via the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-[Formula: see text]B), microtubule-associated protein kinase (MAPK), and oxidative stress signaling pathways while repairing damaged insulin signaling. These insights provide a comprehensive framework to understand MF's potential mechanisms in treating MetS. These, however, warrant further experimental validation. Moreover, molecular docking techniques confirmed the plausibility of the predicted outcomes. Hereafter, these findings might form the theoretical bedrock for prospective research into MF's therapeutic potential in MetS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Sa Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Nan Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Qinyun Du
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Jing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, P. R. China
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12
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Grodsky L, Wilson M, Rathinasabapathy T, Komarnytsky S. Triptolide Administration Alters Immune Responses to Mitigate Insulin Resistance in Obese States. Biomolecules 2024; 14:395. [PMID: 38672413 PMCID: PMC11048574 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals who are overweight or obese are at increased risk of developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, yet the direct molecular mechanisms that connect diabetes to obesity are not clear. Chronic, sustained inflammation is considered a strong risk factor in these interactions, directed in part by the short-lived gene expression programs encoding for cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators. In this study, we show that triptolide administration in the C57BL/6 diet-induced obese mice at up to 10 μg/kg/day for 10 weeks attenuated the development of insulin resistance and diabetes, but not obesity, in these animals. Significant reductions in adipose tissue inflammation and improved insulin sensitivity were observed in the absence of changes in food intake, body weight, body composition, or energy expenditure. Analysis of the core cluster of biomarkers that drives pro-inflammatory responses in the metabolic tissues suggested TNF-α as a critical point that affected the co-development of inflammation and insulin resistance, but also pointed to the putatively protective roles of increased COX-2 and IL-17A signaling in the mediation of these pathophysiological states. Our results show that reduction of diet-induced inflammation confers partial protection against insulin resistance, but not obesity, and suggest the possibility of achieving overweight phenotypes that are accompanied by minimal insulin resistance if inflammation is controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Grodsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (L.G.); (M.W.); (T.R.)
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Studies, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 150 Medical Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Mickey Wilson
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (L.G.); (M.W.); (T.R.)
| | - Thirumurugan Rathinasabapathy
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (L.G.); (M.W.); (T.R.)
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (L.G.); (M.W.); (T.R.)
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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13
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Molangiri A, Varma S, Hridayanka KSN, Srinivas M, Kona SR, Ibrahim A, Duttaroy AK, Basak S. Gestational exposure to bisphenol S induces microvesicular steatosis in male rat offspring by modulating metaflammation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166775. [PMID: 37660821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting bisphenol A (BPA) shows a long-lasting programming effect on an organ's metabolic function and predisposes it to the risk of adult metabolic diseases. Although a reduced contaminant risk due to "BPA-free" exposure is proposed, limited data on a comparative assessment of gestational exposure to BPS and BPA and their effects on metaflammation in predisposing liver metabolic disease is reported. Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to BPS and BPA (0.0, 0.4, 4.0 μg/kg bw) via gavage from gestational day 4 to 21, and effects were assessed in the 90 d male offspring. Prenatal BPS-exposed offspring showed a more obesogenic effect than BPA, including changes in body fat distribution, feed efficiency, and leptin signalling. The BPS exposure induced the adipocyte hypertrophy of visceral adipose to a greater extent than BPA. The adipose hypertrophy was augmented by tissue inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis due to increased expression of pro-inflammatory (IL6, IL1β, CRP, COX2) cytokines, ER stress modulator (CHOP), and apoptotic effector (Caspase 3). The enlarged, stressed, inflamed adipocytes triggered de novo lipogenesis in the bisphenol-exposed offspring liver due to increased expression of cholesterol and lipid biogenesis mediators (srebf1, fasn, acaca, PPARα) concomitant with elevated triacylglycerol (TG) and cholesterol (TC), resulted in impaired hepatic clearance of lipids. The lipogenic effects were also promoted by increased expression of HSD11β1. BPS exposure increased absolute liver weight, discoloration, altered liver lobes more than in BPA. Liver histology showed numerous lipid droplets, and hepatocyte ballooning, upregulated ADRP expression, an increased expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL6, CRP, IL1β, TNFα, COX2), enhanced lipid peroxidation in the BPS-exposed offspring's liver suggest altered metaflammation leads to microvesicular steatosis. Overall, gestational BPS exposure demonstrated a higher disruption in metabolic changes than BPA, involving excess adiposity, liver fat, inflammation, and predisposition to steatosis in the adult male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Molangiri
- National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Saikanth Varma
- National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Myadara Srinivas
- National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suryam Reddy Kona
- National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ahamed Ibrahim
- National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Sanjay Basak
- National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
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14
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Cao S, Pan Y, Terker AS, Arroyo Ornelas JP, Wang Y, Tang J, Niu A, Kar SA, Jiang M, Luo W, Dong X, Fan X, Wang S, Wilson MH, Fogo A, Zhang MZ, Harris RC. Epidermal growth factor receptor activation is essential for kidney fibrosis development. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7357. [PMID: 37963889 PMCID: PMC10645887 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the progressive accumulation of excess extracellular matrix and can cause organ failure. Fibrosis can affect nearly every organ including kidney and there is no specific treatment currently. Although Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway has been implicated in development of kidney fibrosis, underlying mechanisms by which EGFR itself mediates kidney fibrosis have not been elucidated. We find that EGFR expression increases in interstitial myofibroblasts in human and mouse fibrotic kidneys. Selective EGFR deletion in the fibroblast/pericyte population inhibits interstitial fibrosis in response to unilateral ureteral obstruction, ischemia or nephrotoxins. In vivo and in vitro studies and single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis demonstrate that EGFR activation does not induce myofibroblast transformation but is necessary for the initial pericyte/fibroblast migration and proliferation prior to subsequent myofibroblast transformation by TGF-ß or other profibrotic factors. These findings may also provide insight into development of fibrosis in other organs and in other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Cao
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yu Pan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Andrew S Terker
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Arroyo Ornelas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yinqiu Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Aolei Niu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sarah Abu Kar
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mengdi Jiang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wentian Luo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xinyu Dong
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Fan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Suwan Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Matthew H Wilson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
- Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Agnes Fogo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA.
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15
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Hao K, Liu X, Chen Y, Zeng W, Chen L, Wang J, Hu G. PPARγ regulates lipid metabolism and viability of sheep trophoblast cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1559-1568. [PMID: 37712626 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is highly expressed in trophoblast tissues in pregnancy during which the protein participates in diverse events, including embryo implantation and placental formation. However, little is known about the role of PPARγ in embryonic development. This study investigated the function of PPARγ in sheep trophoblast cells. The coding sequence of sheep PPARγ encoded 475 amino acids and included one synonymou mutation compared with the sheep reference sequence for PPARγ. The PPARγ protein was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of sheep trophoblasts. The relative expression of PPARγ was elevated in cells treated with rosiglitazone and reduced following administration of GW9662. Activation of PPARγ promoted cell proliferation and mobility, but inhibited apoptosis. In addition, stimulation of PPARγ promoted the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes FABP4 and PLIN2. The expression of prostaglandin metabolism-related genes PLA2G4A, PTGS2 and PTGES also was upregulated significantly in trophoblast cells when PPARγ was activated. In contrast, activation of PPARγ did not impact expression of the prostaglandin-related genes PGFS and SLCO2A1. At the same time, activation of PPARγ activity increased the ratio of PGE2 to PGF2α. Furthermore, fluorescence labelling showed that the numbers of cell lipid droplets increased after stimulation of PPARγ activity, but decreased when PPARγ was inhibited. In conclusion, PPARγ is critical for the regulation of lipid metabolism and prostaglandin synthesis and secretion in sheep trophoblast cells and also has a potent effect on cell proliferation and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexing Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiuxia Liu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Weibin Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Guangdong Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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16
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Li K, Zeng X, Liu P, Zeng X, Lv J, Qiu S, Zhang P. The Role of Inflammation-Associated Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4301-4315. [PMID: 37791117 PMCID: PMC10544098 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s428358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which originates in the head or neck tissues, is characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Inflammation is important in HNSCC prognosis. Inflammatory cells and their secreted factors contribute to the various stages of HNSCC development through multiple mechanisms. In this review, the mechanisms through which inflammatory factors, signaling pathways, and cells contribute to the initiation and progression of HNSCC have been discussed in detail. Furthermore, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of targeting inflammation in HNSCC has been discussed to gain new insights into improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Lv
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Naomi R, Teoh SH, Halim S, Embong H, Hasain Z, Bahari H, Kumar J. Unraveling Obesity: Transgenerational Inheritance, Treatment Side Effects, Flavonoids, Mechanisms, Microbiota, Redox Balance, and Bioavailability-A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1549. [PMID: 37627544 PMCID: PMC10451614 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is known as a transgenerational vicious cycle and has become a global burden due to its unavoidable complications. Modern approaches to obesity management often involve the use of pharmaceutical drugs and surgeries that have been associated with negative side effects. In contrast, natural antioxidants, such as flavonoids, have emerged as a promising alternative due to their potential health benefits and minimal side effects. Thus, this narrative review explores the potential protective role of flavonoids as a natural antioxidant in managing obesity. To identify recent in vivo studies on the efficiency of flavonoids in managing obesity, a comprehensive search was conducted on Wiley Online Library, Scopus, Nature, and ScienceDirect. The search was limited to the past 10 years; from the search, we identified 31 articles to be further reviewed. Based on the reviewed articles, we concluded that flavonoids offer novel therapeutic strategies for preventing obesity and its associated co-morbidities. This is because the appropriate dosage of flavonoid compounds is able to reduce adipose tissue mass, the formation of intracellular free radicals, enhance endogenous antioxidant defences, modulate the redox balance, and reduce inflammatory signalling pathways. Thus, this review provides an insight into the domain of a natural product therapeutic approach for managing obesity and recapitulates the transgenerational inheritance of obesity, the current available treatments to manage obesity and its side effects, flavonoids and their sources, the molecular mechanism involved, the modulation of gut microbiota in obesity, redox balance, and the bioavailability of flavonoids. In toto, although flavonoids show promising positive outcome in managing obesity, a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the advantageous impacts of flavonoids-achieved through translation to clinical trials-would provide a novel approach to inculcating flavonoids in managing obesity in the future as this review is limited to animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia;
| | - Shariff Halim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Technology Mara (UiTM) Pulau Pinang, Bertam Campus, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia;
| | - Hashim Embong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Zubaidah Hasain
- Unit of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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18
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Huang SM, Xiong MY, Liu L, Mu J, Wang MW, Jia YL, Cai K, Tie L, Zhang C, Cao S, Wen X, Wang JL, Guo SC, Li Y, Qu CX, He QT, Cai BY, Xue C, Gan S, Xie Y, Cong X, Yang Z, Kong W, Li S, Li Z, Xiao P, Yang F, Yu X, Guan YF, Zhang X, Liu Z, Yang BX, Du Y, Sun JP. Single hormone or synthetic agonist induces G s/G i coupling selectivity of EP receptors via distinct binding modes and propagating paths. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2216329120. [PMID: 37478163 PMCID: PMC10372679 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216329120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To accomplish concerted physiological reactions, nature has diversified functions of a single hormone at at least two primary levels: 1) Different receptors recognize the same hormone, and 2) different cellular effectors couple to the same hormone-receptor pair [R.P. Xiao, Sci STKE 2001, re15 (2001); L. Hein, J. D. Altman, B.K. Kobilka, Nature 402, 181-184 (1999); Y. Daaka, L. M. Luttrell, R. J. Lefkowitz, Nature 390, 88-91 (1997)]. Not only these questions lie in the heart of hormone actions and receptor signaling but also dissecting mechanisms underlying these questions could offer therapeutic routes for refractory diseases, such as kidney injury (KI) or X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). Here, we identified that Gs-biased signaling, but not Gi activation downstream of EP4, showed beneficial effects for both KI and NDI treatments. Notably, by solving Cryo-electron microscope (cryo-EM) structures of EP3-Gi, EP4-Gs, and EP4-Gi in complex with endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)or two synthetic agonists and comparing with PGE2-EP2-Gs structures, we found that unique primary sequences of prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP) receptors and distinct conformational states of the EP4 ligand pocket govern the Gs/Gi transducer coupling selectivity through different structural propagation paths, especially via TM6 and TM7, to generate selective cytoplasmic structural features. In particular, the orientation of the PGE2 ω-chain and two distinct pockets encompassing agonist L902688 of EP4 were differentiated by their Gs/Gi coupling ability. Further, we identified common and distinct features of cytoplasmic side of EP receptors for Gs/Gi coupling and provide a structural basis for selective and biased agonist design of EP4 with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Ming Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Meng-Yao Xiong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Jianqiang Mu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Ying-Li Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Kui Cai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Lu Tie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- School of Medicine, Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Jia-Le Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Sheng-Chao Guo
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Chang-Xiu Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Qing-Tao He
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Bo-Yang Cai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Chenyang Xue
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Shiyi Gan
- School of Medicine, Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, China
| | - Yihe Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Research, Beijing100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - You-Fei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian116044, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian116044, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Bao-Xue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Yang Du
- School of Medicine, Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, China
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
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19
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Park SJ, Garcia Diaz J, Um E, Hahn YS. Major roles of kupffer cells and macrophages in NAFLD development. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1150118. [PMID: 37274349 PMCID: PMC10235620 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1150118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important public health problem with growing numbers of NAFLD patients worldwide. Pathological conditions are different in each stage of NAFLD due to various factors. Preclinical and clinical studies provide evidence for a crucial role of immune cells in NAFLD progression. Liver-resident macrophages, kupffer cells (KCs), and monocytes-derived macrophages are the key cell types involved in the progression of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Their unique polarization contributes to the progression of NAFLD. KCs are phagocytes with self-renewal abilities and play a role in regulating and maintaining homeostasis. Upon liver damage, KCs are activated and colonized at the site of the damaged tissue. The secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by KCs play a pivotal role in initiating NAFLD pathogenesis. This review briefly describes the role of immune cells in the immune system in NAFLD, and focuses on the pathological role and molecular pathways of KCs and recruited macrophages. In addition, the relationship between macrophages and insulin resistance is described. Finally, the latest therapeutics that target KCs and macrophages are summarized for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jeung Park
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Josefina Garcia Diaz
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Eugene Um
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Young S. Hahn
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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20
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Guha Ray A, Odum OP, Wiseman D, Weinstock A. The diverse roles of macrophages in metabolic inflammation and its resolution. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1147434. [PMID: 36994095 PMCID: PMC10041730 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1147434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most functionally diverse immune cells, indispensable to maintain tissue integrity and metabolic health. Macrophages perform a myriad of functions ranging from promoting inflammation, through inflammation resolution to restoring and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Metabolic diseases encompass a growing list of diseases which develop from a mix of genetics and environmental cues leading to metabolic dysregulation and subsequent inflammation. In this review, we summarize the contributions of macrophages to four metabolic conditions-insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and neurodegeneration. The role of macrophages is complex, yet they hold great promise as potential therapies to address these growing health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ada Weinstock
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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21
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Jiang Y, Glasstetter LM, Lerman A, Lerman LO. TSG-6 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Gene/Protein-6): An Emerging Remedy for Renal Inflammation. Hypertension 2023; 80:35-42. [PMID: 36367104 PMCID: PMC9742181 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory response is a major pathological feature in most kidney diseases and often evokes compensatory mechanisms. Recent evidence suggests that TSG-6 (tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated gene/protein-6) plays a pivotal role in anti-inflammation in various renal diseases, including immune-mediated and nonimmune-mediated renal diseases. TSG-6 has a diverse repertoire of anti-inflammatory functions: it potentiates antiplasmin activity of IαI (inter-α-inhibitor) by binding to its light chain, crosslinks hyaluronan to promote its binding to cell surface receptor CD44, and thereby regulate the migration and adhesion of lymphocytes, inhibits chemokine-stimulated transendothelial migration of neutrophils by directly interacting with the glycosaminoglycan binding site of CXCL8 (CXC motif chemokine ligand-8), and upregulates COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) to produce anti-inflammatory metabolites. Hopefully, further developments can target this anti-inflammatory molecule to the kidney and harness its remedial properties. This review provides an overview of the emerging role of TSG-6 in blunting renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Jiang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Logan M. Glasstetter
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Lilach O. Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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22
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Terker AS, Zhang Y, Arroyo JP, Cao S, Wang S, Fan X, Denton JS, Zhang MZ, Harris RC. Kir4.2 mediates proximal potassium effects on glutaminase activity and kidney injury. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111840. [PMID: 36543132 PMCID: PMC9827473 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadequate potassium (K+) consumption correlates with increased mortality and poor cardiovascular outcomes. Potassium effects on blood pressure have been described previously; however, whether or not low K+ independently affects kidney disease progression remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that dietary K+ deficiency causes direct kidney injury. Effects depend on reduced blood K+ and are kidney specific. In response to reduced K+, the channel Kir4.2 mediates altered proximal tubule (PT) basolateral K+ flux, causing intracellular acidosis and activation of the enzyme glutaminase and the ammoniagenesis pathway. Deletion of either Kir4.2 or glutaminase protects from low-K+ injury. Reduced K+ also mediates injury and fibrosis in a model of aldosteronism. These results demonstrate that the PT epithelium, like the distal nephron, is K+ sensitive, with reduced blood K+ causing direct PT injury. Kir4.2 and glutaminase are essential mediators of this injury process, and we identify their potential for future targeting in the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Terker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, S-3206 MCN 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Yahua Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, S-3206 MCN 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Arroyo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, S-3206 MCN 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shirong Cao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, S-3206 MCN 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Suwan Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, S-3206 MCN 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Fan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, S-3206 MCN 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jerod S Denton
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, S-3206 MCN 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, S-3206 MCN 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
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23
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Guan X, Liu Y, Xin W, Qin S, Gong S, Xiao T, Zhang D, Li Y, Xiong J, Yang K, He T, Zhao J, Huang Y. Activation of EP4 alleviates AKI-to-CKD transition through inducing CPT2-mediated lipophagy in renal macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1030800. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1030800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with complex pathogenesis, characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function in the short term. Worse still, the incomplete recovery from AKI increases the risk of progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the pathogenesis and underlying mechanism remain largely unknown. Macrophages play an important role during kidney injury and tissue repair, but its role in AKI-to-CKD transition remains elusive. Herein, single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-Seq) and flow cytometry validations showed that E-type prostaglandin receptor 4 (EP4) was selectively activated in renal macrophages, rather than proximal tubules, in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced AKI-to-CKD transition mouse model. EP4 inhibition aggravated AKI-to-CKD transition, while EP4 activation impeded the progression of AKI to CKD though regulating macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, network pharmacological analysis and subsequent experimental verifications revealed that the activated EP4 inhibited macrophage polarization through inducing Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2)-mediated lipophagy in macrophages. Further, CPT2 inhibition abrogated the protective effect of EP4 on AKI-to-CKD transition. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that EP4-CPT2 signaling-mediated lipophagy in macrophages plays a pivotal role in the transition of AKI to CKD and targeting EP4-CPT2 axis could serve as a promising therapeutic approach for retarding AKI and its progression to CKD.
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24
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Starling S. COX2 in macrophages limits adipose dysfunction. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:393. [PMID: 35538371 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00692-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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