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Mashayekhi K, Khazaie K, Faubion WA, Kim GB. Biomaterial-enhanced treg cell immunotherapy: A promising approach for transplant medicine and autoimmune disease treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 37:269-298. [PMID: 38694761 PMCID: PMC11061617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for preserving tolerance in the body, rendering Treg immunotherapy a promising treatment option for both organ transplants and autoimmune diseases. Presently, organ transplant recipients must undergo lifelong immunosuppression to prevent allograft rejection, while autoimmune disorders lack definitive cures. In the last years, there has been notable advancement in comprehending the biology of both antigen-specific and polyclonal Tregs. Clinical trials involving Tregs have demonstrated their safety and effectiveness. To maximize the efficacy of Treg immunotherapy, it is essential for these cells to migrate to specific target tissues, maintain stability within local organs, bolster their suppressive capabilities, and ensure their intended function's longevity. In pursuit of these goals, the utilization of biomaterials emerges as an attractive supportive strategy for Treg immunotherapy in addressing these challenges. As a result, the prospect of employing biomaterial-enhanced Treg immunotherapy holds tremendous promise as a treatment option for organ transplant recipients and individuals grappling with autoimmune diseases in the near future. This paper introduces strategies based on biomaterial-assisted Treg immunotherapy to enhance transplant medicine and autoimmune treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Mashayekhi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - William A. Faubion
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gloria B. Kim
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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2
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Zeng Q, Xu B, Qian C, Li N, Guo Z, Wu S. Surface chemical modification of poly(dimethylsiloxane) for stabilizing antibody immobilization and T cell cultures. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2369-2380. [PMID: 38498344 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01729j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Advances in cell immunotherapy underscore the need for effective methods to produce large populations of effector T cells, driving growing interest in T-cell bioprocessing and immunoengineering. Research suggests that T cells demonstrate enhanced expansion and differentiation on soft matrices in contrast to rigid ones. Nevertheless, the influence of antibody conjugation chemistry on these processes remains largely unexplored. In this study, we examined the effect of antibody conjugation chemistry on T cell activation, expansion and differentiation using a soft and biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) platform. We rigorously evaluated three distinct immobilization methods, beginning with the use of amino-silane (PDMS-NH2-Ab), followed by glutaraldehyde (PDMS-CHO-Ab) or succinic acid anhydride (PDMS-COOH-Ab) activation, in addition to the conventional physical adsorption (PDMS-Ab). By employing both stable amide bonds and reducible Schiff bases, antibody conjugation significantly enhanced antibody loading and density compared to physical adsorption. Furthermore, we discovered that the PDMS-COOH-Ab surface significantly promoted IL-2 secretion, CD69 expression, and T cell expansion compared to the other groups. Moreover, we observed that both PDMS-COOH-Ab and PDMS-NH2-Ab surfaces exhibited a tendency to induce the differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into Th1 cells, whereas the PDMS-Ab surface elicited a Th2-biased immunological response. These findings highlight the importance of antibody conjugation chemistry in the design and development of T cell culture biomaterials. They also indicate that PDMS holds promise as a material for constructing culture platforms to modulate T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation.
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MESH Headings
- Dimethylpolysiloxanes/chemistry
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Surface Properties
- Antibodies, Immobilized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Immobilized/immunology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Animals
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Interleukin-2/metabolism
- Interleukin-2/chemistry
- Mice
- Cells, Cultured
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Adsorption
- Succinic Anhydrides
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongjiao Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Bowen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Cheng Qian
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zhenhong Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Shuqing Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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3
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Pastwińska J, Karwaciak I, Karaś K, Bachorz RA, Ratajewski M. RORγT agonists as immune modulators in anticancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189021. [PMID: 37951483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
RORγT is a transcription factor that directs the development of Th17 lymphocytes and other IL-17-expressing cells (e.g., Tc17 and ILC3 cells). These cells are involved in the body's defense against pathogenic bacteria and fungi, but they also participate in maintaining the proinflammatory environment in some autoimmune diseases and play a role in the immune system's response to cancer. Similar to other members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, the activity of RORγT is regulated by low-molecular-weight ligands. Therefore, extensive efforts have been dedicated to identifying inverse agonists that diminish the activity of this receptor and subsequently inhibit the development of autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately, in the pursuit of an ideal inverse agonist, the development of agonists has been overlooked. It is important to remember that these types of compounds, by stimulating lymphocytes expressing RORγT (Th17 and Tc17), can enhance the immune system's response to tumors. In this review, we present recent advancements in the biology of RORγT agonists and their potential application in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pastwińska
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Iwona Karwaciak
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kaja Karaś
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał A Bachorz
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Ratajewski
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland.
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4
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Schmidt F, Fields HF, Purwanti Y, Milojkovic A, Salim S, Wu KX, Simoni Y, Vitiello A, MacLeod DT, Nardin A, Newell EW, Fink K, Wilm A, Fehlings M. In-depth analysis of human virus-specific CD8 + T cells delineates unique phenotypic signatures for T cell specificity prediction. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113250. [PMID: 37837618 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Following viral infection, the human immune system generates CD8+ T cell responses to virus antigens that differ in specificity, abundance, and phenotype. A characterization of virus-specific T cell responses allows one to assess infection history and to understand its contribution to protective immunity. Here, we perform in-depth profiling of CD8+ T cells binding to CMV-, EBV-, influenza-, and SARS-CoV-2-derived antigens in peripheral blood samples from 114 healthy donors and 55 cancer patients using high-dimensional mass cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing. We analyze over 500 antigen-specific T cell responses across six different HLA alleles and observed unique phenotypes of T cells specific for antigens from different virus categories. Using machine learning, we extract phenotypic signatures of antigen-specific T cells, predict virus specificity for bulk CD8+ T cells, and validate these predictions, suggesting that machine learning can be used to accurately predict antigen specificity from T cell phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kan Xing Wu
- ImmunoScape Pte Ltd, Singapore 228208, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Evan W Newell
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Katja Fink
- ImmunoScape Pte Ltd, Singapore 228208, Singapore
| | - Andreas Wilm
- ImmunoScape Pte Ltd, Singapore 228208, Singapore
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5
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Bomb K, LeValley PJ, Woodward I, Cassel SE, Sutherland BP, Bhattacharjee A, Yun Z, Steen J, Kurdzo E, McCoskey J, Burris D, Levine K, Carbrello C, Lenhoff AM, Fromen CA, Kloxin AM. Cell therapy biomanufacturing: integrating biomaterial and flow-based membrane technologies for production of engineered T-cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2023; 8:2201155. [PMID: 37600966 PMCID: PMC10437131 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202201155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive T-cell therapies (ATCTs) are increasingly important for the treatment of cancer, where patient immune cells are engineered to target and eradicate diseased cells. The biomanufacturing of ATCTs involves a series of time-intensive, lab-scale steps, including isolation, activation, genetic modification, and expansion of a patient's T-cells prior to achieving a final product. Innovative modular technologies are needed to produce cell therapies at improved scale and enhanced efficacy. In this work, well-defined, bioinspired soft materials were integrated within flow-based membrane devices for improving the activation and transduction of T cells. Hydrogel coated membranes (HCM) functionalized with cell-activating antibodies were produced as a tunable biomaterial for the activation of primary human T-cells. T-cell activation utilizing HCMs led to highly proliferative T-cells that expressed a memory phenotype. Further, transduction efficiency was improved by several fold over static conditions by using a tangential flow filtration (TFF) flow-cell, commonly used in the production of protein therapeutics, to transduce T-cells under flow. The combination of HCMs and TFF technology led to increased cell activation, proliferation, and transduction compared to current industrial biomanufacturing processes. The combined power of biomaterials with scalable flow-through transduction techniques provides future opportunities for improving the biomanufacturing of ATCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Bomb
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Paige J. LeValley
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Ian Woodward
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Samantha E. Cassel
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | | | | | - Zaining Yun
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Jonathan Steen
- EMD Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, an affiliate of Merck, Newark, DE
| | - Emily Kurdzo
- EMD Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, an affiliate of Merck, Newark, DE
| | - Jacob McCoskey
- EMD Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, an affiliate of Merck, Newark, DE
| | - David Burris
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Kara Levine
- EMD Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, an affiliate of Merck, Newark, DE
| | | | - Abraham M. Lenhoff
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | | | - April M. Kloxin
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
- Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
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6
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Zhang D, Li AM, Hu G, Huang M, Yang F, Zhang L, Wellen KE, Xu X, Conn CS, Zou W, Kahn M, Rhoades SD, Weljie AM, Fuchs SY, Amankulor N, Yoshor D, Ye J, Koumenis C, Gong Y, Fan Y. PHGDH-mediated endothelial metabolism drives glioblastoma resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy. Cell Metab 2023; 35:517-534.e8. [PMID: 36804058 PMCID: PMC10088869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of immunotherapy is limited by the paucity of T cells delivered and infiltrated into the tumors through aberrant tumor vasculature. Here, we report that phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH)-mediated endothelial cell (EC) metabolism fuels the formation of a hypoxic and immune-hostile vascular microenvironment, driving glioblastoma (GBM) resistance to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy. Our metabolome and transcriptome analyses of human and mouse GBM tumors identify that PHGDH expression and serine metabolism are preferentially altered in tumor ECs. Tumor microenvironmental cues induce ATF4-mediated PHGDH expression in ECs, triggering a redox-dependent mechanism that regulates endothelial glycolysis and leads to EC overgrowth. Genetic PHGDH ablation in ECs prunes over-sprouting vasculature, abrogates intratumoral hypoxia, and improves T cell infiltration into the tumors. PHGDH inhibition activates anti-tumor T cell immunity and sensitizes GBM to CAR T therapy. Thus, reprogramming endothelial metabolism by targeting PHGDH may offer a unique opportunity to improve T cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Albert M Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Guanghui Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Menggui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kathryn E Wellen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Crystal S Conn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark Kahn
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Seth D Rhoades
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aalim M Weljie
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nduka Amankulor
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel Yoshor
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jiangbin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Constantinos Koumenis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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7
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Shin S, Lee P, Han J, Kim SN, Lim J, Park DH, Paik T, Min J, Park CG, Park W. Nanoparticle-Based Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy for Cancer Immunotherapy. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:371-387. [PMID: 36867402 PMCID: PMC9983528 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells (CAR-Ts) has emerged as an innovative immunotherapy for hematological cancer treatment. However, the limited effect on solid tumors, complex processes, and excessive manufacturing costs remain as limitations of CAR-T therapy. Nanotechnology provides an alternative to the conventional CAR-T therapy. Owing to their unique physicochemical properties, nanoparticles can not only serve as a delivery platform for drugs but also target specific cells. Nanoparticle-based CAR therapy can be applied not only to T cells but also to CAR-natural killer and CAR-macrophage, compensating for some of their limitations. This review focuses on the introduction of nanoparticle-based advanced CAR immune cell therapy and future perspectives on immune cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyong Shin
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Pyunghwajun Lee
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Global Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Han
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XInstitute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Na Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Lim
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Global Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hwan Park
- grid.254229.a0000 0000 9611 0917Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Taejong Paik
- grid.254224.70000 0001 0789 9563School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Junhong Min
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chun Gwon Park
- Department of Global Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea. .,Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wooram Park
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Biomedical polymers: synthesis, properties, and applications. Sci China Chem 2022; 65:1010-1075. [PMID: 35505924 PMCID: PMC9050484 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical polymers have been extensively developed for promising applications in a lot of biomedical fields, such as therapeutic medicine delivery, disease detection and diagnosis, biosensing, regenerative medicine, and disease treatment. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in the synthesis and application of biomedical polymers, and discuss the comprehensive understanding of their property-function relationship for corresponding biomedical applications. In particular, a few burgeoning bioactive polymers, such as peptide/biomembrane/microorganism/cell-based biomedical polymers, are also introduced and highlighted as the emerging biomaterials for cancer precision therapy. Furthermore, the foreseeable challenges and outlook of the development of more efficient, healthier and safer biomedical polymers are discussed. We wish this systemic and comprehensive review on highlighting frontier progress of biomedical polymers could inspire and promote new breakthrough in fundamental research and clinical translation.
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9
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Gitto S, Natalini A, Antonangeli F, Di Rosa F. The Emerging Interplay Between Recirculating and Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Cancer Immunity: Lessons Learned From PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Therapy and Remaining Gaps. Front Immunol 2021; 12:755304. [PMID: 34867987 PMCID: PMC8640962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.755304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made in the field of anti-tumor immunity, nevertheless many questions are still open. Thus, even though memory T cells have been implicated in long-term anti-tumor protection, particularly in prevention of cancer recurrence, the bases of their variable effectiveness in tumor patients are poorly understood. Two types of memory T cells have been described according to their traffic pathways: recirculating and tissue-resident memory T cells. Recirculating tumor-specific memory T cells are found in the cell infiltrate of solid tumors, in the lymph and in the peripheral blood, and they constantly migrate in and out of lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. Tissue-resident tumor-specific memory T cells (TRM) permanently reside in the tumor, providing local protection. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1, a type of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, can considerably re-invigorate T cell response and lead to successful tumor control, even in patients at advanced stages. Indeed, ICB has led to unprecedented successes against many types of cancers, starting a ground-breaking revolution in tumor therapy. Unfortunately, not all patients are responsive to such treatment, thus further improvements are urgently needed. The mechanisms underlying resistance to ICB are still largely unknown. A better knowledge of the dynamics of the immune response driven by the two types of memory T cells before and after anti-PD-1/PD-L1 would provide important insights on the variability of the outcomes. This would be instrumental to design new treatments to overcome resistance. Here we provide an overview of T cell contribution to immunity against solid tumors, focusing on memory T cells. We summarize recent evidence on the involvement of recirculating memory T cells and TRM in anti-PD-1/PD-L1-elicited antitumor immunity, outline the open questions in the field, and propose that a synergic action of the two types of memory T cells is required to achieve a full response. We argue that a T-centric vision focused on the specific roles and the possible interplay between TRM and recirculating memory T cells will lead to a better understanding of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mechanism of action, and provide new tools for improving ICB therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gitto
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
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10
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Qin L, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Umeshappa CS, Gao H. Nanovaccine-Based Strategies to Overcome Challenges in the Whole Vaccination Cascade for Tumor Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006000. [PMID: 33768693 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanovaccine-based immunotherapy (NBI) has received greater attention recently for its potential to prime tumor-specific immunity and establish a long-term immune memory that prevents tumor recurrence. Despite encouraging results in the recent studies, there are still numerous challenges to be tackled for eliciting potent antitumor immunity using NBI strategies. Based on the principles that govern immune response, here it is proposed that these challenges need to be addressed at the five critical cascading events: Loading tumor-specific antigens by nanoscale drug delivery systems (L); Draining tumor antigens to lymph nodes (D); Internalization by dendritic cells (DCs) (I); Maturation of DCs by costimulatory signaling (M); and Presenting tumor-peptide-major histocompatibility complexes to T cells (P) (LDIMP cascade in short). This review provides a detailed and objective overview of emerging NBI strategies to improve the efficacy of nanovaccines in each step of the LDIMP cascade. It is concluded that the balance between each step must be optimized by delicate designing and modification of nanovaccines and by combining with complementary approaches to provide a synergistic immunity in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Chongqing Vocational College of Transportation, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Channakeshava Sokke Umeshappa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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11
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Critical role of the CD44 lowCD62L low CD8 + T cell subset in restoring antitumor immunity in aged mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2103730118. [PMID: 34088845 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103730118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells play a central role in antitumor immune responses that kill cancer cells directly. In aged individuals, CD8+ T cell immunity is strongly suppressed, which is associated with cancer and other age-related diseases. The mechanism underlying this age-related decrease in immune function remains largely unknown. This study investigated the role of T cell function in age-related unresponsiveness to PD-1 blockade cancer therapy. We found inefficient generation of CD44lowCD62Llow CD8+ T cell subset (P4) in draining lymph nodes of tumor-bearing aged mice. In vitro stimulation of naive CD8+ T cells first generated P4 cells, followed by effector/memory T cells. The P4 cells contained a unique set of genes related to enzymes involved in one-carbon (1C) metabolism, which is critical to antigen-specific T cell activation and mitochondrial function. Consistent with this finding, 1C-metabolism-related gene expression and mitochondrial respiration were down-regulated in aged CD8+ T cells compared with young CD8+ T cells. In aged OVA-specific T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice, ZAP-70 was not activated, even after inoculation with OVA-expressing tumor cells. The attenuation of TCR signaling appeared to be due to elevated expression of CD45RB phosphatase in aged CD8+ T cells. Surprisingly, strong stimulation by nonself cell injection into aged PD-1-deficient mice restored normal levels of CD45RB and ameliorated the emergence of P4 cells and 1C metabolic enzyme expression in CD8+ T cells, and antitumor activity. These findings indicate that impaired induction of the P4 subset may be responsible for the age-related resistance to PD-1 blockade, which can be rescued by strong TCR stimulation.
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12
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Recruitment, Infiltration, and Cytotoxicity of HLA-Independent Killer Lymphocytes in Three-Dimensional Melanoma Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102302. [PMID: 34065007 PMCID: PMC8151151 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Limited therapeutic results of immune checkpoint inhibitors in definite tumor settings, such as melanoma, call for alternative or complementary approaches. Among these, adoptive cell therapy (ACT) by means of HLA-independent tumor killer lymphocytes is a promising approach. We aimed at developing a pre-clinical 3D model to investigate and visualize the interaction between tumor and immune effectors in melanoma. To this aim, we employed Cytokine-Induced Killer cells (CIK) and NK-92 on patient-derived melanoma samples. By means of imaging-based methods, we measured the effector recruitment on the 3D targets, their infiltration, and cytotoxic activity. Our results and methodologies can be easily generalized to other effectors and other classes of tumors and help elucidate fundamental questions on the basic biology and kinetics of immune effector recruitment in a realistic 3D setting mimicking a solid tumor. Abstract Cancer adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with HLA-independent tumor killer lymphocytes is a promising approach, with intrinsic features potentially addressing crucial tumor-escape mechanisms of checkpoint inhibitors. Cytokine-induced Killer (CIK) and Natural Killer (NK) lymphocytes share similar tumor-killing mechanisms, with preclinical evidence of intense activity against multiple solid tumors and currently testing in clinical studies. To improve the effective clinical translation of such ACT approaches, several fundamental questions still need to be addressed within appropriate preclinical contexts, capable of overcoming limitations imposed by most traditional two-dimensional assays. Here, we developed a novel experimental approach to explore, dissect, and visualize the interactions of CIK and NK lymphocytes with melanoma tumors in vitro in 3D. Primary melanoma cells were assembled into small tumors that were dispersed in a 3D matrix and challenged with patient-derived CIK or the NK-92 cell line. By means of imaging-based methods, we reported, visualized, and quantitatively measured the recruitment of CIK and NK on the 3D targets, their infiltration, and cytotoxic activity. Our results support the effective tumor recruitment and tumor infiltration by CIK and NK. Such features appeared dependent on the specific geometric aspects of the environment but can be explained in terms of directional migration toward the tumor, without invoking major feedback components. Overall, our 3D platform allows us to monitor the processes of tumor recruitment, infiltration, and killing by means of live measurements, revealing important kinetic aspects of ACT with CIK and NK against melanoma.
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13
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Hammink R, Weiden J, Voerman D, Popelier C, Eggermont LJ, Schluck M, Figdor CG, Verdoes M. Semiflexible Immunobrushes Induce Enhanced T Cell Activation and Expansion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:16007-16018. [PMID: 33797875 PMCID: PMC8045021 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A variety of bioactive materials developed to expand T cells for adoptive transfer into cancer patients are currently evaluated in the clinic. In most cases, T cell activating biomolecules are attached to rigid surfaces or matrices and form a static interface between materials and the signaling receptors on the T cells. We hypothesized that a T cell activating polymer brush interface might better mimic the cell surface of a natural antigen-presenting cell, facilitating receptor movement and concomitant advantageous mechanical forces to provide enhanced T cell activating capacities. Here, as a proof of concept, we synthesized semiflexible polyisocyanopeptide (PIC) polymer-based immunobrushes equipped with T cell activating agonistic anti-CD3 (αCD3) and αCD28 antibodies placed on magnetic microbeads. We demonstrated enhanced efficiency of ex vivo expansion of activated primary human T cells even at very low numbers of stimulating antibodies compared to rigid beads. Importantly, the immunobrush architecture appeared crucial for this improved T cell activating capacity. Immunobrushes outperform current benchmarks by producing higher numbers of T cells exhibiting a combination of beneficial phenotypic characteristics, such as reduced exhaustion marker expression, high cytokine production, and robust expression of cytotoxic hallmarks. This study indicates that semiflexible immunobrushes have great potential in making T cell-based immunotherapies more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roel Hammink
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Division
of Immunotherapy, Oncode Institute, Radboud
University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jorieke Weiden
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Division
of Immunotherapy, Oncode Institute, Radboud
University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute
for Chemical Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Dion Voerman
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute
for Chemical Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Popelier
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Loek J. Eggermont
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute
for Chemical Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Schluck
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Division
of Immunotherapy, Oncode Institute, Radboud
University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute
for Chemical Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Carl G. Figdor
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Division
of Immunotherapy, Oncode Institute, Radboud
University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute
for Chemical Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute
for Chemical Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
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14
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Baudequin T, Nyland R, Ye H. Objectives, benefits and challenges of bioreactor systems for the clinical-scale expansion of T lymphocyte cells. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107735. [PMID: 33781889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapies based on T cell have gathered interest over the last decades for treatment of cancers, becoming recently the most investigated lineage for clinical trials. Although results of adoptive cell therapies are very promising, obtaining large batches of T cell at clinical scale is still challenging nowadays. We propose here a review study focusing on how bioreactor systems could increase expansion rates of T cell culture specifically towards efficient, reliable and reproducible cell therapies. After describing the specificities of T cell culture, in particular activation, phenotypical characterization and cell density considerations, we detail the main objectives of bioreactors in this context, namely scale-up, GMP-compliance and reduced time and costs. Then, we report recent advances on the different classes of bioreactor systems commonly investigated for non-adherent cell expansion, in comparison with the current "gold standard" of T cell culture (flasks and culture bag). Results obtained with hollow fibres, G-Rex® flasks, Wave bioreactor, multiple-step bioreactors, spinner flasks as well as original homemade designs are discussed to highlight advantages and drawbacks in regards to T cells' specificities. Although there is currently no consensus on an optimal bioreactor, overall, most systems reviewed here can improve T cell culture towards faster, easier and/or cheaper protocols. They also offer strong outlooks towards automation, process control and complete closed systems, which could be mandatory developments for a massive clinical breakthrough. However, proper controls are sometimes lacking to conclude clearly on the features leading to the progresses regarding cell expansion, and the field could benefit from process engineering methods, such as quality by design, to perform multi parameters studies and face these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Baudequin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Robin Nyland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Hua Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
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15
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Kang Y, Niu Z, Hadlock T, Purcell E, Lo T, Zeinali M, Owen S, Keshamouni VG, Reddy R, Ramnath N, Nagrath S. On-Chip Biogenesis of Circulating NK Cell-Derived Exosomes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Exhibits Antitumoral Activity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003747. [PMID: 33747745 PMCID: PMC7967048 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As the recognition between natural killer (NK) cells and cancer cells does not require antigen presentation, NK cells are being actively studied for use in adoptive cell therapies in the rapidly evolving armamentarium of cancer immunotherapy. In addition to utilizing NK cells, recent studies have shown that exosomes derived from NK cells also exhibit antitumor properties. Furthermore, these NK cell-derived exosomes exhibit higher stability, greater modification potentials and less immunogenicity compared to NK cells. Therefore, technologies that allow highly sensitive and specific isolation of NK cells and NK cell-derived exosomes can enable personalized NK-mediated cancer therapeutics in the future. Here, a novel microfluidic system to collect patient-specific NK cells and on-chip biogenesis of NK-exosomes is proposed. In a small cohort of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, both NK cells and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were isolated, and it is found NSCLC patients have high numbers of NK and NK-exosomes compared with healthy donors, and these concentrations show a trend of positive and negative correlations with bloodborne CTC numbers, respectively. It is further demonstrated that the NK-exosomes harvested from NK-graphene oxide chip exhibit cytotoxic effect on CTCs. This versatile system is expected to be used for patient-specific NK-based immunotherapies along with CTCs for potential prognostic/diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon‐Tae Kang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBiointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Zeqi Niu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBiointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Thomas Hadlock
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBiointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Emma Purcell
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBiointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Ting‐Wen Lo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBiointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Mina Zeinali
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBiointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Sarah Owen
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBiointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | | | - Rishindra Reddy
- Michigan Medicine Thoracic Surgery ClinicTaubman Center1500E Medical Center Dr. SPC 5344Ann ArborMI48109USA
| | - Nithya Ramnath
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Sunitha Nagrath
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBiointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Rogel Cancer CenterUniversity of Michigan1500 East Medical Center DriveAnn ArborMI48109USA
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16
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Ma W, Wang Y, Zhang R, Yang F, Zhang D, Huang M, Zhang L, Dorsey JF, Binder ZA, O'Rourke DM, Fraietta JA, Gong Y, Fan Y. Targeting PAK4 to reprogram the vascular microenvironment and improve CAR-T immunotherapy for glioblastoma. NATURE CANCER 2021; 2:83-97. [PMID: 35121889 PMCID: PMC10097424 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-00147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Malignant solid tumors are characterized by aberrant vascularity that fuels the formation of an immune-hostile microenvironment and induces resistance to immunotherapy. Vascular abnormalities may be driven by pro-angiogenic pathway activation and genetic reprogramming in tumor endothelial cells (ECs). Here, our kinome-wide screening of mesenchymal-like transcriptional activation in human glioblastoma (GBM)-derived ECs identifies p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) as a selective regulator of genetic reprogramming and aberrant vascularization. PAK4 knockout induces adhesion protein re-expression in ECs, reduces vascular abnormalities, improves T cell infiltration and inhibits GBM growth in mice. Moreover, PAK4 inhibition normalizes the tumor vascular microenvironment and sensitizes GBM to chimeric antigen receptor-T cell immunotherapy. Finally, we reveal a MEF2D/ZEB1- and SLUG-mediated mechanism by which PAK4 reprograms the EC transcriptome and downregulates claudin-14 and VCAM-1 expression, enhancing vessel permeability and reducing T cell adhesion to the endothelium. Thus, targeting PAK4-mediated EC plasticity may offer a unique opportunity to recondition the vascular microenvironment and strengthen cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Menggui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jay F Dorsey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zev A Binder
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Donald M O'Rourke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph A Fraietta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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17
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Davies SI, Barrett J, Wong S, Chang MJ, Muranski PJ, Brownell I. Robust Production of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Oncogene Specific T Cells From Healthy Donors for Adoptive Transfer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:592721. [PMID: 33362774 PMCID: PMC7756016 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.592721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus positive Merkel cell carcinoma (VP-MCC) is an aggressive but immunogenic skin malignancy driven by Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) T antigen (TAg). Since adoptive T cell transfer (ACT) can be effective against virus-driven malignancies, we set out to develop a methodology for generating MCPyV TAg specific T cells. MCPyV is a common, asymptomatic infection and virus-exposed healthy donors represent a potential source of MCPyV TAg specific T cells for ACT. Virus specific T cells were generated using monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) pulsed with MCPyV TAg peptide libraries and co-cultured with autologous T cells in supplemented with pro-inflammatory and homeostatic cytokines for 14 days. Specific reactivity was observed predominantly within the CD4+ T cell compartment in the cultures generated from 21/46 random healthy donors. Notably, responses were more often seen in donors aged 50 years and older. TAg specific CD4+ T cells specifically secreted Th1 cytokines and upregulated CD137 upon challenge with MCPyV TAg peptide libraries and autologous transduced antigen presenting cells. Expanded T cells from healthy donors recognized epitopes of both TAg splice variants found in VP-MCC tumors, and minimally expressed exhaustion markers. Our data show that MCPyV specific T cells can be expanded from healthy donors using methods appropriate for the manufacture of clinical grade ACT products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I Davies
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.,Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John Barrett
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Susan Wong
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mark Jesse Chang
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Pawel J Muranski
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Columbia Center for Translational Immunology (CCTI), Cellular Immunotherapy Laboratory, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Isaac Brownell
- Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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18
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Washah HN, Salifu EY, Soremekun O, Elrashedy AA, Munsamy G, Olotu FA, Soliman ME. Integrating Bioinformatics Strategies in Cancer Immunotherapy: Current and Future Perspectives. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 23:687-698. [DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200427113734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For the past few decades, the mechanisms of immune responses to cancer have been
exploited extensively and significant attention has been given into utilizing the therapeutic
potential of the immune system. Cancer immunotherapy has been established as a promising
innovative treatment for many forms of cancer. Immunotherapy has gained its prominence through
various strategies, including cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), adoptive T cell cancer
therapy, and immune checkpoint therapy. However, the full potential of cancer immunotherapy is yet
to be attained. Recent studies have identified the use of bioinformatics tools as a viable option to help
transform the treatment paradigm of several tumors by providing a therapeutically efficient method of
cataloging, predicting and selecting immunotherapeutic targets, which are known bottlenecks in the
application of immunotherapy. Herein, we gave an insightful overview of the types of
immunotherapy techniques used currently, their mechanisms of action, and discussed some
bioinformatics tools and databases applied in the immunotherapy of cancer. This review also provides
some future perspectives in the use of bioinformatics tools for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda N. Washah
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Elliasu Y. Salifu
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Opeyemi Soremekun
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Ahmed A. Elrashedy
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Geraldene Munsamy
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Fisayo A. Olotu
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E.S. Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
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19
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Gotti M, Defrancesco I, D'Angelo M, Basso S, Crotto L, Marinelli A, Maccalli C, Iaconianni V. Cancer Immunotherapy Using Chimeric Antigen Receptor Expressing T-Cells: Present and Future Needs of Clinical Cancer Centers. Front Immunol 2020; 11:565236. [PMID: 33193333 PMCID: PMC7662555 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.565236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T cells (CAR-T) are considered novel biological agents, designed to selectively attack cancer cells expressing specific antigens, with demonstrated clinical activity in patients affected with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. In consideration of their complexity, the use of CAR-T requires dedicated clinical setting and health care practitioners with expertise in the selection, treatment, and management of toxicities and side effects. Such issue appears particularly important when contextualized in the rapid progress of CAR-T cell treatment, translating into a constant need of updating and evolution. Moreover, the clinical grade manufacturing of CAR-T cells is complex and implies articulated regulatory and organizational aspects. The main goal of this review is to summarize and provide an accurate analysis of the clinical, logistic, and regulatory requirements of CAR-T cell centers. Finally, we describe a new occupational figure called “CAR-T specialist” devoted to the establishment and coordination of the required facilities and regulatory landscape in the context of cancer centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gotti
- Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Mario D'Angelo
- Department of Onco-hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Sabrina Basso
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Crotto
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Alfredo Marinelli
- Operative Unit (OU) Neuroncology, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Pozzilli (INM), Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Cristina Maccalli
- Laboratory of Immune and Biological Therapy, Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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20
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Chin MW, Norman MDA, Gentleman E, Coppens MO, Day RM. A Hydrogel-Integrated Culture Device to Interrogate T Cell Activation with Physicochemical Cues. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:47355-47367. [PMID: 33027591 PMCID: PMC7586298 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent rise of adoptive T cell therapy (ATCT) as a promising cancer immunotherapy has triggered increased interest in therapeutic T cell bioprocessing. T cell activation is a critical processing step and is known to be modulated by physical parameters, such as substrate stiffness. Nevertheless, relatively little is known about how biophysical factors regulate immune cells, such as T cells. Understanding how T cell activation is modulated by physical and biochemical cues may offer novel methods to control cell behavior for therapeutic cell processing. Inspired by T cell mechanosensitivity, we developed a multiwell, reusable, customizable, two-dimensional (2D) polyacrylamide (PA) hydrogel-integrated culture device to study the physicochemical stimulation of Jurkat T cells. Substrate stiffness and ligand density were tuned by concentrations of the hydrogel cross-linker and antibody in the coating solution, respectively. We cultured Jurkat T cells on 2D hydrogels of different stiffnesses that presented surface-immobilized stimulatory antibodies against CD3 and CD28 and demonstrated that Jurkat T cells stimulated by stiff hydrogels (50.6 ± 15.1 kPa) exhibited significantly higher interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion, but lower proliferation, than those stimulated by softer hydrogels (7.1 ± 0.4 kPa). In addition, we found that increasing anti-CD3 concentration from 10 to 30 μg/mL led to a significant increase in IL-2 secretion from cells stimulated on 7.1 ± 0.4 and 9.3 ± 2.4 kPa gels. Simultaneous tuning of substrate stiffness and stimulatory ligand density showed that the two parameters synergize (two-way ANOVA interaction effect: p < 0.001) to enhance IL-2 secretion. Our results demonstrate the importance of physical parameters in immune cell stimulation and highlight the potential of designing future immunostimulatory biomaterials that are mechanically tailored to balance stimulatory strength and downstream proliferative capacity of therapeutic T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
H. W. Chin
- Centre
for Precision Healthcare, Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Centre
for Nature Inspired Engineering, University
College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D. A. Norman
- Centre
for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre
for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Marc-Olivier Coppens
- Centre
for Nature Inspired Engineering, University
College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Richard M. Day
- Centre
for Precision Healthcare, Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Centre
for Nature Inspired Engineering, University
College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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21
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Sinha D, Smith C, Khanna R. Joining Forces: Improving Clinical Response to Cellular Immunotherapies with Small-Molecule Inhibitors. Trends Mol Med 2020; 27:75-90. [PMID: 33011081 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) has emerged as a powerful therapeutic tool against both hematological and virus-associated cancers. However, extension of this success to solid cancers has been challenging owing to intratumoral mechanisms that induce a hostile immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Delineating the impact of tumor-intrinsic adaptive resistance mechanisms on immune-based therapies is essential to improve long-term efficacy. We discuss the different tumor-intrinsic factors that lead to resistance to ACT. We highlight the potential of repurposing molecular targeted therapies to modulate immune responses and override intratumor resistance to ACT. Finally, we discuss the potential of combining targeted therapy and ACT as a new paradigm to improve the clinical efficacy of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debottam Sinha
- QIMR Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Department of Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Corey Smith
- QIMR Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Department of Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Rajiv Khanna
- QIMR Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Department of Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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22
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Roex MCJ, Wijnands C, Veld SAJ, van Egmond E, Bogers L, Zwaginga JJ, Netelenbos T, von dem Borne PA, Veelken H, Halkes CJM, Falkenburg JHF, Jedema I. Effect of alemtuzumab-based T-cell depletion on graft compositional change in vitro and immune reconstitution early after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Cytotherapy 2020; 23:46-56. [PMID: 32948458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS To reduce the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT), T-cell depletion (TCD) of grafts can be performed by the addition of alemtuzumab (ALT) "to the bag" (in vitro) before transplantation. In this prospective study, the authors analyzed the effect of in vitro incubation with 20 mg ALT on the composition of grafts prior to graft infusion. Furthermore, the authors assessed whether graft composition at the moment of infusion was predictive for T-cell reconstitution and development of GVHD early after TCD alloSCT. METHODS Sixty granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized stem cell grafts were obtained from ≥9/10 HLA-matched related and unrelated donors. The composition of the grafts was analyzed by flow cytometry before and after in vitro incubation with ALT. T-cell reconstitution and incidence of severe GVHD were monitored until 12 weeks after transplantation. RESULTS In vitro incubation of grafts with 20 mg ALT resulted in an initial median depletion efficiency of T-cell receptor (TCR) α/β T cells of 96.7% (range, 63.5-99.8%), followed by subsequent depletion in vivo. Graft volumes and absolute leukocyte counts of grafts before the addition of ALT were not predictive for the efficiency of TCR α/β T-cell depletion. CD4pos T cells were depleted more efficiently than CD8pos T cells, and naive and regulatory T cells were depleted more efficiently than memory and effector T cells. This differential depletion of T-cell subsets was in line with their reported differential CD52 expression. In vitro depletion efficiencies and absolute numbers of (naive) TCR α/β T cells in the grafts after ALT incubation were not predictive for T-cell reconstitution or development of GVHD post- alloSCT. CONCLUSIONS The addition of ALT to the bag is an easy, fast and generally applicable strategy to prevent GVHD in patients receiving alloSCT after myeloablative or non-myeloablative conditioning because of the efficient differential depletion of donor-derived lymphocytes and T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe C J Roex
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Charissa Wijnands
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina A J Veld
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Esther van Egmond
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette Bogers
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap J Zwaginga
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Center for Clinical Transfusion Research, Sanquin Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Netelenbos
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Hematology, HagaZiekenhuis, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hendrik Veelken
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Inge Jedema
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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23
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Krasniqi E, Barchiesi G, Pizzuti L, Mazzotta M, Venuti A, Maugeri-Saccà M, Sanguineti G, Massimiani G, Sergi D, Carpano S, Marchetti P, Tomao S, Gamucci T, De Maria R, Tomao F, Natoli C, Tinari N, Ciliberto G, Barba M, Vici P. Immunotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: state of the art and future perspectives. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:111. [PMID: 31665051 PMCID: PMC6820969 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a complex disease with primary or acquired incurability characteristics in a significant part of patients. Immunotherapeutical agents represent an emerging option for breast cancer treatment, including the human epidermal growth factor 2 positive (HER2+) subtype. The immune system holds the ability to spontaneously implement a defensive response against HER2+ BC cells through complex mechanisms which can be exploited to modulate this response for obtaining a clinical benefit. Initial immune system modulating strategies consisted mostly in vaccine therapies, which are still being investigated and improved. However, the entrance of trastuzumab into the scenery of HER2+ BC treatment was the real game changing event, which embodied a dominant immune-mediated mechanism. More recently, the advent of the immune checkpoint inhibitors has caused a new paradigm shift for immuno-oncology, with promising initial results also for HER2+ BC. Breast cancer has been traditionally considered poorly immunogenic, being characterized by relatively low tumor mutation burden (TMB). Nevertheless, recent evidence has revealed high tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in a considerable proportion of HER2+ BC patients. This may translate into a higher potential to elicit anti-cancer response and, therefore, wider possibilities for the use and implementation of immunotherapy in this subset of BC patients. We are herein presenting and critically discussing the most representative evidence concerning immunotherapy in HER2+ BC cancer, both singularly and in combination with therapeutic agents acting throughout HER2-block, immune checkpoint inhibition and anti-cancer vaccines. The reader will be also provided with hints concerning potential future projection of the most promising immutherapeutic agents and approaches for the disease of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Krasniqi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy
| | - G Barchiesi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy
| | - L Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy
| | - M Mazzotta
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - A Venuti
- HPV-UNIT, UOSD Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation (RIDAIT), Translational Research Functional Departmental Area, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - M Maugeri-Saccà
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy
| | - G Sanguineti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - G Massimiani
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy
| | - D Sergi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy
| | - S Carpano
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy
| | - P Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy.,Medical Oncology Unit B, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - S Tomao
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - T Gamucci
- Medical Oncology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - R De Maria
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - F Tomao
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Urology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Natoli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and Center of Aging Science & Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - N Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and Center of Aging Science & Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - G Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - M Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - P Vici
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53-00144, Rome, Italy
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Kozbial A, Bhandary L, Murthy SK. Effect of Monocyte Seeding Density on Dendritic Cell Generation in an Automated Perfusion-Based Culture System. Biochem Eng J 2019; 150:107291. [PMID: 32831621 PMCID: PMC7441814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are increasingly important for research and clinical use but obtaining sufficient numbers of dendritic cells is a growing challenge. We systemically investigated the effect of monocyte (MO) seeding density on the generation of monocyte-derived immature DCs (iDCs) in MicroDEN, a perfusion-based culture system, as well as 6-well plates. Cell surface markers and the ability of the iDCs to induce proliferation of allogeneic T cells were examined. The data shows a strong relationship between iDC phenotype, specifically CD80/83/86 expression, and T cell proliferation. MicroDEN generated iDCs proved better than well plate generated iDCs at inducing T cell proliferation within the 200k-600k MO/cm2 seeding density range studied. We attribute this to perfusion in MicroDEN which supplies fresh differentiation medium continuously to the differentiating MOs while concurrently removing depleted medium and toxic byproducts of cellular respiration. MicroDEN generated fewer iDCs on a normalized basis than the well plates at lower MO seeding densities but generated equivalent numbers of iDCs at 600k MO seeding density. These results demonstrate that MicroDEN is capable of generating greater numbers of iDCs with less manual work than standard well plate culture and the MicroDEN generated iDCs have greater ability to induce T cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kozbial
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Lekhana Bhandary
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Shashi K Murthy
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Boston, MA 02115
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25
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Dunn ZS, Mac J, Wang P. T cell immunotherapy enhanced by designer biomaterials. Biomaterials 2019; 217:119265. [PMID: 31271861 PMCID: PMC6689323 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has recently burst onto the center stage of cancer treatment and research. T lymphocyte adoptive cellular transfer (ACT), a form of cancer immunotherapy, has spawned unprecedented complete remissions for terminal patients with certain leukemias and lymphomas. Unfortunately, the successes have been overshadowed by the disappointing clinical results of ACT administered to treat solid tumors, in addition to the toxicities associated with the treatment, a lack of efficacy in a significant proportion of the patient population, and cancer relapse following the treatment. Biomaterials hold the promise of addressing these shortcomings. ACT consists of two main stages - T lymphocyte ex vivo expansion followed by reinfusion into the patient - and biomaterials can improve the efficacy of ACT at both stages. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the use of biomaterials for T lymphocyte adoptive cellular cancer immunotherapy and discuss the challenges at each stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Dunn
- Mork Family Department of of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - John Mac
- Mork Family Department of of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pin Wang
- Mork Family Department of of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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26
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Makita Y, Kunii N, Sakurai D, Ihara F, Motohashi S, Suzuki A, Nakayama T, Okamoto Y. Activated iNKT cells enhance the anti-tumor effect of antigen specific CD8 T cells on mesothelin-expressing salivary gland cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1254. [PMID: 30558663 PMCID: PMC6296067 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5179-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Salivary gland cancers are not sensitive to conventional radiotherapy or chemotherapy regimens. Therefore, the development of a new treatment strategy is of critical importance for improving the prognosis. We examined the expression of mesothelin molecules in salivary gland cancers and the efficacy of adoptive cell therapy based on mesothelin-specific chimeric antigen receptor transduced T cells. Methods The expression of mesothelin molecule was studied in salivary gland cancer samples obtained from 16 patients as well as a salivary gland cancer cell line (A-253) and five other cell lines. The activation of mesothelin-specific chimeric antigen receptor-expressing CD8 T cells after stimulation with mesothelin and the effects of invariant natural killer T cells on this activation were evaluated. Results Mesothelin was detected in the A-253 cells and the surgical specimens except for the case of squamous cell carcinoma to various degrees. Following stimulation with mesothelin expressing cancer cells, chimeric antigen receptor T cells were dose-dependently activated; this activation was enhanced by co-culture with invariant natural killer T cells and subsequently abrogated by treatment with anti-interferon-γ antibodies. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of chimeric antigen receptor T cells against various cancer cells was further augmented by invariant natural killer T cells. Conclusions The use of adoptive transfer with mesothelin-specific chimeric antigen receptor-expressing CD8 T cells against salivary gland cancers is an effective therapy and invariant natural killer T cells are expected to be used in adjuvant treatment for T cell-based immunotherapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5179-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Makita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Naoki Kunii
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Daiju Sakurai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Fumie Ihara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akane Suzuki
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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27
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Guan L, Li X, Wei J, Liang Z, Yang J, Weng X, Wu X. Antigen-specific CD8+ memory stem T cells generated from human peripheral blood effectively eradicate allogeneic targets in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:337. [PMID: 30526661 PMCID: PMC6286512 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the implantation and long-term existence of tumor-specific T cells in host are the prerequisite for adoptive immunotherapy, memory stem T cells (TSCM) with self-renewal and differentiation capacity show the greatest potential to implant and long-term exhibit function in vivo, compared with other T cells of differentiation stages. Hence, tumor-specific TSCM have become potential candidate for adoptive T cell therapy of cancer. Here, we reported a protocol to generate allogeneic antigen-specific CD8+ TSCM cells from human PBLs. METHODS To prepare allogeneic antigen-specific CD8+ TSCM, we used an LCL named E007 of defined HLA allotyping as simulator, a co-culture of E007 and allogeneic PBLs was carried out in the presence of differentiation inhibitor TWS119 for 7 days. Sorting of proliferation cells ensured the E007-specificity of the prepared TSCM cells. The sorted lymphocytes underwent further expansion by cytokines IL-7 and IL-15 for further 7 days, making the E007-specific CD8 + TSCM expanded in number. The stem cell and T memory cell properties of the prepared CD8+ TSCM were observed in NOD-SCID mice. RESULTS Our protocol began with 1 × 107 PBLs and resulted in 2 × 107 E007-specific CD8+ TSCM cells in 2 weeks of preparation. The prepared TSCM cells exhibited a proliferative history and rapid differentiation into effector cells upon the E007 re-stimulation. Importantly, the prepared TSCM cells were able to exist long and reconstitute other T cell subsets in vivo, eradicating the E007 cells effectively after transferred into the LCL burden mice. CONCLUSIONS This protocol was able to prepare allogeneic antigen-specific CD8+ TSCM cells from human PBLs. The prepared TSCM showed the properties of stem cells and T memory cells. This study provided a reference method for generation of antigen-specific TSCM for T cell adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Guan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiali Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhihui Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiufang Weng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Xiongwen Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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28
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Hu J, Sun C, Bernatchez C, Xia X, Hwu P, Dotti G, Li S. T-cell Homing Therapy for Reducing Regulatory T Cells and Preserving Effector T-cell Function in Large Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2920-2934. [PMID: 29391351 PMCID: PMC6004229 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Infused autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and tumor-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells typically surround malignant lesions or penetrate small tumor nodules but fail to penetrate large solid tumors, significantly compromising their antitumor impact. Strategies to overcome this primary challenge are largely required.Experimental Design: We tested the effects of IL12 plus doxorubicin on T-cell penetration and efficacy in solid tumors in a murine lung cancer model, a murine breast carcinoma lung metastasis model, and two human xenograft tumor models bearing large tumors (>10 mm).Results: Intriguingly, this simple approach increased the numbers, the distribution, and the depth of penetration of infused CD8+ T cells in these tumors, including both TILs and CAR T cells. This combined treatment halted tumor progression and significantly extended survival time. Studies of the underlying mechanism revealed multiple effects. First, the combined treatment maintained the high ratios of immune-stimulatory receptors to immune-inhibitory receptors on infiltrated CD8+ T cells, reduced the accumulation of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells, and enhanced the numbers of T-bet+ effector T cells in the tumors. Second, doxorubicin induced chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10, which may attract NKG2D+CD8+ T cells to tumors, and this effect was boosted by IL12-induced IFNγ accumulation in tumors, promoting the penetration of NKG2D+CD8+ T cells.Conclusions: The deep penetration of infused T cells associated with combined IL12 plus doxorubicin yielded striking therapeutic effects in murine and human xenograft solid tumors. This approach might broaden the application of T-cell therapy to a wider range of solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 24(12); 2920-34. ©2018 AACRSee related commentary by Berraondo et al., p. 2716.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemiao Hu
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chuang Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Chantale Bernatchez
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xueqing Xia
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrick Hwu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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29
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Kozbial A, Bhandary L, Collier BB, Eickhoff CS, Hoft DF, Murthy SK. Automated generation of immature dendritic cells in a single-use system. J Immunol Methods 2018; 457:53-65. [PMID: 29625078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are an indispensable part of studying human responses that are important for protective immunity against cancer and infectious diseases as well as prevention of autoimmunity and transplant rejection. These cells are also key elements of personalized vaccines for cancer and infectious diseases. Despite the vital role of DCs in both clinical and basic research contexts, methods for obtaining these cells from individuals remains a comparatively under-developed and inefficient process. DCs are present in very low concentrations (<1%) in blood, thus they must be generated from monocytes and the current methodology in DC generation involves a laborious process of static culture and stimulation with cytokines contained in culture medium. Herein, we describe an automated fluidic system, MicroDEN, that allows for differentiation of monocytes into immature-DCs (iDCs) utilizing continuous perfusion of differentiation media. Manual steps associated with current ex vivo monocyte differentiation are vastly reduced and an aseptic environment is ensured by the use of an enclosed cartridge and tubing network. Benchmark phenotyping was performed on the generated iDCs along with allogeneic T-cell proliferation and syngeneic antigen-specific functional assays. MicroDEN generated iDCs were phenotypically and functionally similar to well plate generated iDCs, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of utilizing MicroDEN in the broad range of applications requiring DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kozbial
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Lekhana Bhandary
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Bradley B Collier
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Christopher S Eickhoff
- Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States
| | - Daniel F Hoft
- Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States; Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States
| | - Shashi K Murthy
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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30
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The simultaneous isolation of multiple high and low frequent T-cell populations from donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells using the major histocompatibility complex I-Streptamer isolation technology. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:543-555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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31
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Fogli S, Montis C, Paccosi S, Silvano A, Michelucci E, Berti D, Bosi A, Parenti A, Romagnoli P. Inorganic nanoparticles as potential regulators of immune response in dendritic cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017. [PMID: 28635380 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The spontaneous adsorption of proteins on nanoparticles (NPs) in biological media is exploited to prepare complexes of NPs and proteins from cancer cells' lysates for application in cancer immunotherapy. MATERIALS & METHODS Gold (Au) and silica NPs were synthesized, incubated with cancer cells' lysates and characterized. Dendritic cells (DCs) were challenged with protein-coated NPs, their maturation, viability and morphology were evaluated and lymphocytes T proliferation was determined. RESULTS Silica and Au NPs bound different pools of biomolecules from lysates, and are therefore promising selective carriers for antigens. When incubated with immature DCs, NPs were efficiently endocytosed without cytotoxicity. Finally, protein-coated AuNPs promoted DC maturation and DC-mediated lymphocyte proliferation, at variance with lysate alone and protein-coated silica NPs, that did not promote DCs maturation. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that the spontaneous formation of protein coronas on NPs represents a possible approach to fast, easy, cost-effective DCs stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fogli
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff,' University of Florence, and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Costanza Montis
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff,' University of Florence, and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Sara Paccosi
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology & Oncology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, FI, Italy
| | - Angela Silvano
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Elena Michelucci
- Mass Spectrometry Center (CISM), University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Debora Berti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff,' University of Florence, and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Alberto Bosi
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Astrid Parenti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology & Oncology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, FI, Italy
| | - Paolo Romagnoli
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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32
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Pavesi A, Tan AT, Koh S, Chia A, Colombo M, Antonecchia E, Miccolis C, Ceccarello E, Adriani G, Raimondi MT, Kamm RD, Bertoletti A. A 3D microfluidic model for preclinical evaluation of TCR-engineered T cells against solid tumors. JCI Insight 2017; 2:89762. [PMID: 28614795 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.89762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment imposes physical and functional constraints on the antitumor efficacy of adoptive T cell immunotherapy. Preclinical testing of different T cell preparations can help in the selection of efficient immune therapies, but in vivo models are expensive and cumbersome to develop, while classical in vitro 2D models cannot recapitulate the spatiotemporal dynamics experienced by T cells targeting cancer. Here, we describe an easily customizable 3D model, in which the tumor microenvironment conditions are modulated and the functionality of different T cell preparations is tested. We incorporate human cancer hepatocytes as a single cell or as tumor cell aggregates in a 3D collagen gel region of a microfluidic device. Human T cells engineered to express tumor-specific T cell receptors (TCR-T cells) are then added in adjacent channels. The TCR-T cells' ability to migrate and kill the tumor target and the profile of soluble factors were investigated under conditions of varying oxygen levels and in the presence of inflammatory cytokines. We show that only the 3D model detects the effect that oxygen levels and the inflammatory environment impose on engineered TCR-T cell function, and we also used the 3D microdevice to analyze the TCR-T cell efficacy in an immunosuppressive scenario. Hence, we show that our microdevice platform enables us to decipher the factors that can alter T cell function in 3D and can serve as a preclinical assay to tailor the most efficient immunotherapy configuration for a specific therapeutic goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pavesi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore.,BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore
| | - Anthony T Tan
- Emerging Infectious Disease Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Sarene Koh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Adeline Chia
- Emerging Infectious Disease Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Marta Colombo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Antonecchia
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Miccolis
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Ceccarello
- Emerging Infectious Disease Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Giulia Adriani
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore
| | - Manuela T Raimondi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roger D Kamm
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore.,MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonio Bertoletti
- Emerging Infectious Disease Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
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33
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Jérôme V, Werner M, Kaiser P, Freitag R. Creating a Biomimetic Microenvironment for the Ex Vivo Expansion of Primary Human T Lymphocytes. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Jérôme
- Process Biotechnology; University of Bayreuth; D-95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Melanie Werner
- Process Biotechnology; University of Bayreuth; D-95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Patrick Kaiser
- Process Biotechnology; University of Bayreuth; D-95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Ruth Freitag
- Process Biotechnology; University of Bayreuth; D-95447 Bayreuth Germany
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34
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Lim WA, June CH. The Principles of Engineering Immune Cells to Treat Cancer. Cell 2017; 168:724-740. [PMID: 28187291 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 731] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have proven that engineered immune cells can serve as a powerful new class of cancer therapeutics. Clinical experience has helped to define the major challenges that must be met to make engineered T cells a reliable, safe, and effective platform that can be deployed against a broad range of tumors. The emergence of synthetic biology approaches for cellular engineering is providing us with a broadly expanded set of tools for programming immune cells. We discuss how these tools could be used to design the next generation of smart T cell precision therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell A Lim
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Carl H June
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the Perelman School of Medicine, and the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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35
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Zheng Y, Tang L, Mabardi L, Kumari S, Irvine DJ. Enhancing Adoptive Cell Therapy of Cancer through Targeted Delivery of Small-Molecule Immunomodulators to Internalizing or Noninternalizing Receptors. ACS NANO 2017; 11:3089-3100. [PMID: 28231431 PMCID: PMC5647839 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) has achieved striking efficacy in B-cell leukemias, but less success treating other cancers, in part due to the rapid loss of ACT T-cell effector function in vivo due to immunosuppression in solid tumors. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is an important mechanism of immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment, but systemic inhibition of TGF-β is toxic. Here we evaluated the potential of targeting a small molecule inhibitor of TGF-β to ACT T-cells using PEGylated immunoliposomes. Liposomes were prepared that released TGF-β inhibitor over ∼3 days in vitro. We compared the impact of targeting these drug-loaded vesicles to T-cells via an internalizing receptor (CD90) or noninternalizing receptor (CD45). When lymphocytes were preloaded with immunoliposomes in vitro prior to adoptive therapy, vesicles targeted to both CD45 and CD90 promoted enhanced T-cell expression of granzymes relative to free systemic drug administration, but only targeting to CD45 enhanced accumulation of granzyme-expressing T-cells in tumors, which correlated with the greatest enhancement of T-cell antitumor activity. By contrast, when administered i.v. to target T-cells in vivo, only targeting of a CD90 isoform expressed exclusively by the donor T-cells led to greater tumor regression over equivalent doses of free systemic drug. These results suggest that in vivo, targeting of receptors uniquely expressed by donor T-cells is of paramount importance for maximal efficacy. This immunoliposome strategy should be broadly applicable to target exogenous or endogenous T-cells and defines parameters to optimize delivery of supporting (or suppressive) drugs to these important immune effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zheng
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Li Tang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Llian Mabardi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sudha Kumari
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Darrell J. Irvine
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to D.J.I., Darrell J. Irvine, MIT Room 76-261, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Telephone: 617-452-4174. Fax: 617-452-3293.
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36
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Riley JL, Montaner LJ. Cell-Mediated Immunity to Target the Persistent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoir. J Infect Dis 2017; 215:S160-S171. [PMID: 28520969 PMCID: PMC5853458 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective clearance of virally infected cells requires the sequential activity of innate and adaptive immunity effectors. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, naturally induced cell-mediated immune responses rarely eradicate infection. However, optimized immune responses could potentially be leveraged in HIV cure efforts if epitope escape and lack of sustained effector memory responses were to be addressed. Here we review leading HIV cure strategies that harness cell-mediated control against HIV in stably suppressed antiretroviral-treated subjects. We focus on strategies that may maximize target recognition and eradication by the sequential activation of a reconstituted immune system, together with delivery of optimal T-cell responses that can eliminate the reservoir and serve as means to maintain control of HIV spread in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART). As evidenced by the evolution of ART, we argue that a combination of immune-based strategies will be a superior path to cell-mediated HIV control and eradication. Available data from several human pilot trials already identify target strategies that may maximize antiviral pressure by joining innate and engineered T cell responses toward testing for sustained HIV remission and/or cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Riley
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, and
| | - Luis J Montaner
- HIV-1 Immunopathogenesis Laboratory, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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37
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Li J, Bao M, Ge J, Ren S, Zhou T, Qi F, Pu X, Dou J. Research progress of therapeutic vaccines for treating chronic hepatitis B. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:986-997. [PMID: 28118084 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1276125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a member of Hepadnavirus family, which leads to chronic infection in around 5% of patients with a high risk of developing liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. 1 Despite the availability of prophylactic vaccines against hepatitis B for over 3 decades, there are still more than 2 billion people have been infected and 240 million of them were chronic. Antiviral therapies currently used in the treatment of CHB (chronic hepatitis B) infection include peg-interferon, standard α-interferon and nucleos/tide analogs (NAs), but none of them can provide sustained control of viral replication. As an alternative strategy, therapeutic vaccines for CHB patients have been widely studied and showed some promising efficacies in dozens of preclinical and clinical trials. In this article, we review current research progress in several types of therapeutic vaccines for CHB treatment, including protein-based vaccines, DNA-based vaccines, live vector-based vaccines, peptide-based vaccines and cell-based therapies. These researches may provide some clues for developing new treatments in CHB infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Li
- a Jiangsu Theravac Bio-pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Nanjing , China
| | - Mengru Bao
- a Jiangsu Theravac Bio-pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Nanjing , China
| | - Jun Ge
- a Jiangsu Theravac Bio-pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Nanjing , China
| | - Sulin Ren
- a Jiangsu Theravac Bio-pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Nanjing , China
| | - Tong Zhou
- a Jiangsu Theravac Bio-pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Nanjing , China
| | - Fengchun Qi
- a Jiangsu Theravac Bio-pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Nanjing , China
| | - Xiuying Pu
- b School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , China
| | - Jia Dou
- c Dalian Institute for Drug Control , Dalian , China
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38
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Bu X, Yao Y, Li X. Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Breast Cancer Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1026:383-402. [PMID: 29282694 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6020-5_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is emerging as the most promising novel strategy for cancer treatment. Cancer immunotherapy is broadly categorized into three forms: immune checkpoint modulation, adoptive cell transfer, and cancer vaccine. Immune checkpoint blockade is demonstrated as the most clinically effective treatment with low immune-related adverse events (irAE). Blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 has achieved remarkable success in treating various types of tumors, which sparks great interests in this therapeutic strategy and expands the role of immune checkpoint blockade in treating tumors including breast cancer. Based on the notable results obtained from clinical trials, the United States' Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved multiple CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies as well as the PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies for treatment of different types of tumors. The theories of immunoediting, T-cell exhaustions, and co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory pathways are immunological foundations for immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Breast cancers such as triple negative breast cancer and HER-2 negative breast cancer respond to immune checkpoint blockade therapy due to their high immunogenicity. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has just received FDA approval as a standard cancer therapy for solid tumors such as breast cancer. Development of immune checkpoint blockade focuses on two directions: one is to identify proper biomarkers of immune checkpoint blockade in breast cancer, and the other is to combine therapies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade antibodies to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Bu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yihui Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
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39
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Adoptive immunotherapy for hematological malignancies: Current status and new insights in chimeric antigen receptor T cells. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2016; 62:49-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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Weng J, Moriarty KE, Baio FE, Chu F, Kim SD, He J, Jie Z, Xie X, Ma W, Qian J, Zhang L, Yang J, Yi Q, Neelapu SS, Kwak LW. IL-15 enhances the antitumor effect of human antigen-specific CD8 + T cells by cellular senescence delay. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1237327. [PMID: 28123872 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1237327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal expansion protocols for adoptive human T-cell therapy often include interleukin (IL)-15; however, the mechanism by which IL-15 improves the in vivo antitumor effect of T cells remains to be elucidated. Using human T cells generated from HLA-A2+ donors against novel T-cell epitopes derived from the human U266 myeloma cell line Ig light chain V-region (idiotype) as a model, we found that T cells cultured with IL-15 provided superior resistance to tumor growth in vivo, compared with IL-2, after adoptive transfer into immunodeficient hosts. This effect of IL-15 was associated with delayed/reversed senescence in tumor antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells mediated through downregulation of P21WAF1, P16INK4a, and P53 expression. Compared to IL-2, IL-15 stimulation dramatically activated JAK3-STAT5 signaling and inhibited the expression of DNA damage genes. Thus, our study elucidates a new mechanism for IL-15 in the regulation of STAT signaling pathways and CD8+ T-cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Weng
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Center Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kelsey E Moriarty
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Flavio Egidio Baio
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fuliang Chu
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sung-Doo Kim
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jin He
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zuliang Jie
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoping Xie
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wencai Ma
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianfei Qian
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qing Yi
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sattva S Neelapu
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Larry W Kwak
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
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41
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DLL4 + dendritic cells: Key regulators of Notch Signaling in effector T cell responses. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:449-457. [PMID: 27639599 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical regulators of adaptive immune responses. DCs can elicit primary T cell responses at low DC:T cell ratios through their expression of high levels of antigen-presenting molecules and costimulatory molecules. DCs are important for induction of functionally diverse T cell subsets such as CD4+ T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells and effector CD8+ T cells able to reside in epithelial tissues. Recent studies begin illuminating the underlying mechanism by which DCs regulate specialized T cell subsets. DCs are composed of subsets that differ in their phenotype, localization and function. DCs expressing high levels of DLL4 (DLL4+ DCs), which is a member of Notch ligand family, are newly discovered cells that have greater ability than DLL4- DCs to promote the generation of Th1 and Th17 CD4+ T cells. DLL4 derived from DLL4+ DCs is also important for promoting the differentiation and expansion of effector CD8+ T cells. Experimental studies have demonstrated that selective deletion of DLL4 in DCs causes impaired antitumor immunity. In contrast, blocking DLL4 leads to dramatic reduction of inflammatory T cell responses and their-mediated tissue damage. We will discuss emerging functional specialization within the DLL4+ DC compartment, DLL4+ DC biology and the impact of pharmacological modulation of DLL4 to control inflammatory disorders.
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42
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Mlecnik B, Bindea G, Angell HK, Maby P, Angelova M, Tougeron D, Church SE, Lafontaine L, Fischer M, Fredriksen T, Sasso M, Bilocq AM, Kirilovsky A, Obenauf AC, Hamieh M, Berger A, Bruneval P, Tuech JJ, Sabourin JC, Le Pessot F, Mauillon J, Rafii A, Laurent-Puig P, Speicher MR, Trajanoski Z, Michel P, Sesboüe R, Frebourg T, Pagès F, Valge-Archer V, Latouche JB, Galon J. Integrative Analyses of Colorectal Cancer Show Immunoscore Is a Stronger Predictor of Patient Survival Than Microsatellite Instability. Immunity 2016; 44:698-711. [PMID: 26982367 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 715] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer predicts favorable outcomes. However, the mechanistic relationship between microsatellite instability, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, Immunoscore, and their impact on patient survival remains to be elucidated. We found significant differences in mutational patterns, chromosomal instability, and gene expression that correlated with patient microsatellite instability status. A prominent immune gene expression was observed in microsatellite-instable (MSI) tumors, as well as in a subgroup of microsatellite-stable (MSS) tumors. MSI tumors had increased frameshift mutations, showed genetic evidence of immunoediting, had higher densities of Th1, effector-memory T cells, in situ proliferating T cells, and inhibitory PD1-PDL1 cells, had high Immunoscores, and were infiltrated with mutation-specific cytotoxic T cells. Multivariate analysis revealed that Immunoscore was superior to microsatellite instability in predicting patients' disease-specific recurrence and survival. These findings indicate that assessment of the immune status via Immunoscore provides a potent indicator of tumor recurrence beyond microsatellite-instability staging that could be an important guide for immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Mlecnik
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Gabriela Bindea
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Helen K Angell
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; Innovative Medicines and Early Development, Oncology, AstraZeneca, CB4 OWG Cambridge, UK
| | - Pauline Maby
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, U1079, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rouen and the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine (IRIB), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Mihaela Angelova
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Tougeron
- INSERM, U1079, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rouen and the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine (IRIB), 76000 Rouen, France; Department of Gastroenterology, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France; Department of Genetics, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sarah E Church
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Lucie Lafontaine
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Maria Fischer
- Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tessa Fredriksen
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Maristella Sasso
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Amélie M Bilocq
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Amos Kirilovsky
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Anna C Obenauf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Mohamad Hamieh
- INSERM, U1079, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rouen and the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine (IRIB), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Anne Berger
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Department of Anatomopathology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Tuech
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France
| | | | - Florence Le Pessot
- Department of Anatomopathology, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jacques Mauillon
- Department of Anatomopathology, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France; Department of Gastroenterology, Le Havre Hospital, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Arash Rafii
- Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 3263 Doha, Qatar
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS775, Bases Moléculaires de la Réponse aux Xénobiotiques, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Michael R Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pierre Michel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Richard Sesboüe
- INSERM, U1079, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rouen and the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine (IRIB), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Thierry Frebourg
- INSERM, U1079, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rouen and the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine (IRIB), 76000 Rouen, France; INSERM, UMRS775, Bases Moléculaires de la Réponse aux Xénobiotiques, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Franck Pagès
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Viia Valge-Archer
- Innovative Medicines and Early Development, Oncology, AstraZeneca, CB4 OWG Cambridge, UK; MedImmune, CB21 GGH Cambridge, UK
| | - Jean-Baptiste Latouche
- INSERM, U1079, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rouen and the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine (IRIB), 76000 Rouen, France; Department of Genetics, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; UMRS1138, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris 6) - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France.
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Bernal-Estévez D, Sánchez R, Tejada RE, Parra-López C. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy elicits tumor specific T cell responses in a breast cancer patient. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:591. [PMID: 27484900 PMCID: PMC4971722 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Experimental evidence and clinical studies in breast cancer suggest that some anti-tumor therapy regimens generate stimulation of the immune system that accounts for tumor clinical responses, however, demonstration of the immunostimulatory power of these therapies on cancer patients continues to be a formidable challenge. Here we present experimental evidence from a breast cancer patient with complete clinical response after 7 years, associated with responsiveness of tumor specific T cells. Methods T cells were obtained before and after anti-tumor therapy from peripheral blood of a 63-years old woman diagnosed with ductal breast cancer (HER2/neu+++, ER-, PR-, HLA-A*02:01) treated with surgery, followed by paclitaxel, trastuzumab (suspended due to cardiac toxicity), and radiotherapy. We obtained a leukapheresis before surgery and after 8 months of treatment. Using in vitro cell cultures stimulated with autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) that produce high levels of IL-12, we characterize by flow cytometry the phenotype of tumor associated antigens (TAAs) HER2/neu and NY-ESO 1 specific T cells. The ex vivo analysis of the TCR-Vβ repertoire of TAA specific T cells in blood and Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) were performed in order to correlate both repertoires prior and after therapy. Results We evidence a functional recovery of T cell responsiveness to polyclonal stimuli and expansion of TAAs specific CD8+ T cells using peptide pulsed DCs, with an increase of CTLA-4 and memory effector phenotype after anti-tumor therapy. The ex vivo analysis of the TCR-Vβ repertoire of TAA specific T cells in blood and TILs showed that whereas the TCR-Vβ04-02 clonotype is highly expressed in TILs the HER2/neu specific T cells are expressed mainly in blood after therapy, suggesting that this particular TCR was selectively enriched in blood after anti-tumor therapy. Conclusions Our results show the benefits of anti-tumor therapy in a breast cancer patient with clinical complete response in two ways, by restoring the responsiveness of T cells by increasing the frequency and activation in peripheral blood of tumor specific T cells present in the tumor before therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2625-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bernal-Estévez
- Immunology and Traslational Medicine Research Group, Graduated School in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 #45-03 Building 471, office 304, Bogotá, Colombia South-America.,Immunology and Clinical Oncology Research Group (GIIOC), Fundación Salud de los Andes, Calle 44 No. 58-05, Bogotá, Colombia South-America
| | - Ramiro Sánchez
- Clínica del Seno, Carrera 11 # 68-36, Bogotá, Colombia South-America
| | - Rafael E Tejada
- Hospital Occidente de Kennedy E.S.E., Servicio de Oncología, Bogotá, Colombia South-America
| | - Carlos Parra-López
- Immunology and Traslational Medicine Research Group, Graduated School in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 #45-03 Building 471, office 304, Bogotá, Colombia South-America. .,Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 Calle 45, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Alvarez-Fernández C, Escribà-Garcia L, Vidal S, Sierra J, Briones J. A short CD3/CD28 costimulation combined with IL-21 enhance the generation of human memory stem T cells for adoptive immunotherapy. J Transl Med 2016; 14:214. [PMID: 27435312 PMCID: PMC4952071 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0973-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy based on the adoptive transfer of gene modified T cells is an emerging approach for the induction of tumor-specific immune responses. Memory stem T cells, due to their enhanced antitumor and self-renewal capacity, have become potential candidate for adoptive T cell therapy of cancer. Methods to generate memory stem T cells ex vivo rely on CD3/CD28 costimulation and the use of cytokines such as IL-7 and IL-15 during the entire culture period. However, a strong costimulation may induce differentiation of memory stem T cells to effector memory T cells. Here we show that manipulation of the length of the costimulation and addition of IL-21 enhance the ex vivo expansion of memory stem T cells. METHODS Purified naïve T cells from healthy donors were cultured in the presence of anti-CD3/CD28 coated beads, IL-7, IL-15 and/or IL-21 (25 ng/ml). T cells phenotype from the different memory and effector subpopulations were analyzed by multiparametric flow cytometry. RESULTS A short anti-CD3/CD28 costimulation of naïve T cells, combined with IL-7 and IL-15 significantly increased the frequencies of CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory stem T cells ex vivo, compared to a prolonged costimulation (34.6 ± 4.4 % vs 15.6 ± 4.24 % in CD4(+); p = 0.008, and 20.5 ± 4.00 % vs 7.7 ± 2.53 % in CD8(+); p = 0.02). Moreover, the addition of IL-21 to this condition further enhanced the enrichment and expansion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory stem T cells with an increase in the absolute numbers (0.7 × 10(6) ± 0.1 vs 0.26 × 10(6) ± 0.1 cells for CD4(+); p = 0.002 and 1.1 × 10(6) ± 0.1 vs 0.27 × 10(6) ± 0.1 cells for CD8(+); p = 0.0002; short + IL-21 vs long). CONCLUSIONS These new in vitro conditions increase the frequencies and expansion of memory stem T cells and may have relevant clinical implications for the generation of this memory T cell subset for adoptive cell therapy of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alvarez-Fernández
- Hematology Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas 90, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Autonomous University, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Experimental Hematology-IIB, Institut Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Escribà-Garcia
- Hematology Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas 90, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Autonomous University, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Experimental Hematology-IIB, Institut Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Vidal
- Autonomous University, Barcelona, Spain.,IIB-Institut Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Sierra
- Hematology Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas 90, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Autonomous University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Briones
- Hematology Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas 90, 08041, Barcelona, Spain. .,Autonomous University, Barcelona, Spain.
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Koh S, Tan AT, Li L, Bertoletti A. Targeted Therapy of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Present and Future. Diseases 2016; 4:diseases4010010. [PMID: 28933390 PMCID: PMC5456313 DOI: 10.3390/diseases4010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy using a patient’s own T cells redirected to recognize and kill tumor cells has achieved promising results in metastatic melanoma and leukemia. This technique involves harnessing a patient’s T cells and then delivering a gene that encodes a new T cell receptor (TCR) or a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that allow the cells to recognize specific cancer antigens. The prospect of using engineered T cell therapy for persistent viral infections like hepatitis B virus (HBV) and their associated malignancies is promising. We recently tested in a first-in-man clinical trial, the ability of HBV-specific TCR-redirected T cells to target HBsAg-productive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and demonstrated that these redirected T cells recognized HCC cells with HBV–DNA integration [1] We discuss here the possibility to use HBV-specific TCR-redirected T cells targeting hepatitis B viral antigens as a tumor specific antigen in patients with HBV-related HCC, and the potential challenges facing the development of this new immunotherapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarene Koh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore.
- Lion TCR Private Limited Singapore, Singapore 069113, Singapore.
| | - Anthony Tanoto Tan
- Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
| | - Lietao Li
- Lion TCR Private Limited Singapore, Singapore 069113, Singapore.
| | - Antonio Bertoletti
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore.
- Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
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Menderes G, Schwab CL, Black J, Santin AD. The Role of the Immune System in Ovarian Cancer and Implications on Therapy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2016; 12:681-95. [PMID: 26821930 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2016.1147957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy in the United States. While the treatment options have improved with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and advanced surgical techniques, disease recurrence is common and fatal in nearly all cases. Current evidence suggests that the immune system and its ability to recognize and eliminate microscopic disease is paramount in preventing recurrence. The goal of immunotherapy is to balance the activation of the immune system against cancer while preventing the potential for tremendous toxicity elicited by immune modulation. In this paper we will review the role of immune system in disease pathogenesis and different immunotherapies available for the treatment of ovarian cancer as well as current ongoing studies and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulden Menderes
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Carlton L Schwab
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jonathan Black
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Alessandro D Santin
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
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Immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:1795-805. [PMID: 26843405 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal malignancies resistant to conventional therapies. The vast majority of patients is diagnosed with advanced/metastatic disease and consequently has grim prognosis. Despite the available options with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine or 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin/oxaliplatin, chemotherapy offers a modest survival benefit. Targeted therapy in combination with chemotherapy has not shown significant improvement in treatment outcomes. The urgent need for new therapies has turned the spotlights on immunotherapy. Immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer recruits and activates T cells which recognize tumor-specific antigens. RESULTS Preclinical models have demonstrated that chemotherapy or targeted therapy works synergistically with immunotherapy. A growing body of evidence has already been gathered regarding the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, adoptive T cell therapy, monoclonal antibodies, and cytokines in patients with pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS Many ongoing trials are aiming to identify treatments which could combine efficacy with limited toxicity. In this article, we review the available data concerning multiple aspects of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer.
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ATZIN-MÉNDEZ J, LÓPEZ-GONZÁLEZ J, BÁEZ R, ARENAS-DEL ANGEL M, MONTAÑO L, SILVA-ADAYA D, LASCURAIN R, GOROCICA P. Expansion of quiescent lung adenocarcinoma CD8+ T cells by MUC1-8-mer peptide-T2 cell-β2 microglobulin complexes. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:33-42. [PMID: 26498650 PMCID: PMC4699617 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy requires the isolation of CD8+ T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens, their expansion in vitro and their transfusion to the patient to mediate a therapeutic effect. MUC1 is an important adenocarcinoma antigen immunogenic for T cells. The MUC1-derived SAPDTRPA (MUC1-8-mer) peptide is a potent epitope recognized by CD8+ T cells in murine models. Likewise, the T2 cell line has been used as an antigen-presenting cell to activate CD8+ T cells, but so far MUC1 has not been assessed in this context. We evaluated whether the MUC1-8-mer peptide can be presented by T2 cells to expand CD25+CD8+ T cells isolated from HLA-A2+ lung adenocarcinoma patients with stage III or IV tumors. The results showed that MUC1-8-mer peptide-loaded T2 cells activated CD8+ T cells from cancer HLA-A2+ patients when anti-CD2, anti-CD28 antibodies and IL-2 were added. The percentage of CD25+CD8+ T cells was 3-fold higher than those in the non-stimulated cells (P=0.018). HLA-A2+ patient cells showed a significant difference (2.3-fold higher) in activation status than HLA-A2+ healthy control cells (P=0.04). Moreover, 77.6% of MUC1-8-mer peptide-specific CD8+ T cells proliferated following a second stimulation with MUC1-8-mer peptide-loaded T2 cells after 10 days of cell culture. There were significant differences in the percentage of basal CD25+CD8+ T cells in relation to the cancer stage; this difference disappeared after MUC1-8-mer peptide stimulation. In conclusion, expansion of CD25+CD8+ T cells by MUC1-8 peptide-loaded T2 cells plus costimulatory signals via CD2, CD28 and IL-2 can be useful in adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.A. ATZIN-MÉNDEZ
- Department of Research in Biochemistry, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas', Mexico, DF 14080, Mexico
| | - J.S. LÓPEZ-GONZÁLEZ
- Lung Cancer Laboratory, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas', Mexico, DF 14080, Mexico
| | - R. BÁEZ
- Clinical Oncology and Pneumology, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas', Mexico, DF 14080, Mexico
| | - M.C. ARENAS-DEL ANGEL
- Department of Biochemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico, DF 04510, Mexico
| | - L.F. MONTAÑO
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico, DF 04510, Mexico
| | - D. SILVA-ADAYA
- Experimental Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico, DF 14269, Mexico
| | - R. LASCURAIN
- Department of Research in Biochemistry, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas', Mexico, DF 14080, Mexico
- Department of Biochemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico, DF 04510, Mexico
| | - P. GOROCICA
- Department of Research in Biochemistry, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas', Mexico, DF 14080, Mexico
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Ran LF, Xie XP, Xia JZ, Xie FL, Fan YM, Wu F. Specific antitumour immunity of HIFU-activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes after adoptive transfusion in tumour-bearing mice. Int J Hyperthermia 2015; 32:204-10. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2015.1112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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50
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Chan IH, Wu V, McCauley S, Grimm EA, Mumm JB. IL-10: Expanding the Immune Oncology Horizon. RECEPTORS & CLINICAL INVESTIGATION 2015; 2:1041. [PMID: 26661378 PMCID: PMC4675350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in immunoncology have dramatically changed the treatment options available to cancer patients. However, the fundamental challenges with this therapeutic modality are not new and still persist with the current wave of immunoncology compounds. These challenges are centered on the activation and expansion, induction of intratumoral infiltration and persistence of highly activated, cytotoxic, tumor antigen specific CD8+ T cells. We have investigated the anti-tumor mechanism of action of pegylated recombinant interleukin-10, (PEG-rIL-10) both pre-clinically with murine (PEG-rMuIL-10) and now clinically (AM0010) with human pegylated interleukin-10. The preponderance of data suggest that IL-10's engagement of its receptor on CD8+ T cells enhances their activation status leading to antigen specific expansion. Quantitation of CD8+ T cell tumor infiltration reveals that treatment of both humans and mice with pegylated rIL-10 results in 3-4 fold increases of intratumoral, cytotoxic, CD8+ T cells. In addition, mice cured of their tumors with PEG-rMuIL-10 exhibit long term immunological protection from tumor re-challenge and long term treatment of cancer patients with AM0010 results in the persistence of highly activated CD8+ T cells. Cumulatively, these data suggest the IL-10 represents an emerging therapeutic that specifically addresses the fundamental challenges of the current wave of immunoncology assets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan H. Chan
- ARMO BioSciences 575 Chesapeake Drive Redwood City, CA 94063
| | - Victoria Wu
- ARMO BioSciences 575 Chesapeake Drive Redwood City, CA 94063
| | - Scott McCauley
- ARMO BioSciences 575 Chesapeake Drive Redwood City, CA 94063
| | - Elizabeth A. Grimm
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Box 421, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030
| | - John B. Mumm
- ARMO BioSciences 575 Chesapeake Drive Redwood City, CA 94063
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