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Liu C, Pan X, Hao Z, Wang X, Wang C, Song G. Resveratrol suppresses hepatic fatty acid synthesis and increases fatty acid β-oxidation via the microRNA-33/SIRT6 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:326. [PMID: 38979023 PMCID: PMC11229395 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a strong risk factor for numerous diseases. Resveratrol (Res) is a non-flavonoid polyphenol organic compound with multiple biological functions. However, the specific molecular mechanism and its role in hepatic lipid metabolism remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying how Res improves hepatic lipid metabolism by decreasing microRNA-33 (miR-33) levels. First, blood miR-33 expression in participants with hyperlipidemia was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, and the results revealed significant upregulation of miR-33 expression in hyperlipidemia. Additionally, after transfection of HepG2 cells with miR-33 mimics or inhibitor, western blot analysis indicated downregulation and upregulation, respectively, of the mRNA and protein expression levels of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6). Luciferase reporter analysis provided further evidence for binding of miR-33 with the SIRT6 3'-untranslated region. Furthermore, the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), PPARγ-coactivator 1α and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 were increased, while the concentration levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 were decreased when SIRT6 was overexpressed. Notably, Res improved the basic metabolic parameters of mice fed a high-fat diet by regulating the miR-33/SIRT6 signaling pathway. Thus, it was demonstrated that the dysregulation of miR-33 could lead to lipid metabolism disorders, while Res improved lipid metabolism by regulating the expression of miR-33 and its target gene, SIRT6. Thus, Res can be used to prevent or treat hyperlipidemia and associated diseases clinically by suppressing hepatic fatty acid synthesis and increasing fatty acid β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiao Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xinyan Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Hao
- Department of Health Care, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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Khameneh SC, Razi S, Lashanizadegan R, Akbari S, Sayaf M, Haghani K, Bakhtiyari S. MicroRNA-mediated metabolic regulation of immune cells in cancer: an updated review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1424909. [PMID: 39007129 PMCID: PMC11239499 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1424909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of immunometabolism, which examines how immune cells regulate their metabolism to maintain optimal performance, has become an important area of focus in cancer immunology. Recent advancements in this field have highlighted the intricate connection between metabolism and immune cell function, emphasizing the need for further research. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have gained attention for their ability to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and impact various biological processes, including immune function and cancer progression. While the role of miRNAs in immunometabolism is still being explored, recent studies have demonstrated their significant influence on the metabolic activity of immune cells, such as macrophages, T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells, particularly in cancer contexts. Disrupted immune cell metabolism is a hallmark of cancer progression, and miRNAs have been linked to this process. Understanding the precise impact of miRNAs on immune cell metabolism in cancer is essential for the development of immunotherapeutic approaches. Targeting miRNAs may hold potential for creating groundbreaking cancer immunotherapies to reshape the tumor environment and improve treatment outcomes. In summary, the recognition of miRNAs as key regulators of immune cell metabolism across various cancers offers promising potential for refining cancer immunotherapies. Further investigation into how miRNAs affect immune cell metabolism could identify novel therapeutic targets and lead to the development of innovative cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Razi
- Vira Ideators of Modern Science, Tehran, Iran
- Vira Pioneers of Modern Science (VIPOMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Masoud Sayaf
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karimeh Haghani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Salar Bakhtiyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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Fuentevilla-Alvarez G, Soto ME, Robles-Herrera GJ, Vargas-Alarcón G, Sámano R, Meza-Toledo SE, Huesca-Gómez C, Gamboa R. Analysis of Circulating miRNA Expression Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Diabetic Foot Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7078. [PMID: 39000190 PMCID: PMC11241130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with various complications, including diabetic foot, which can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Non-healing foot ulcers in diabetic patients are a major risk factor for infections and amputations. Despite conventional treatments, which have limited efficacy, there is a need for more effective therapies. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that play a role in gene expression and have been implicated in diabetic wound healing. miR expression was analyzed through RT-qPCR in 41 diabetic foot Mexican patients and 50 controls. Diabetic foot patients showed significant increases in plasma levels of miR-17-5p (p = 0.001), miR-191-5p (p = 0.001), let-7e-5p (p = 0.001), and miR-33a-5p (p = 0.005) when compared to controls. Elevated levels of miR-17, miR-191, and miR-121 correlated with higher glucose levels in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (r = 0.30, p = 0.004; r = 0.25, p = 0.01; and r = 0.21, p = 0.05, respectively). Levels of miR-17 showed the highest diagnostic potential (AUC 0.903, p = 0.0001). These findings underscore the possible role of these miRs in developing diabetes complications. Our study suggests that high miR-17, miR-191, and miR-121 expression is strongly associated with higher glucose levels and the development of diabetic foot ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanny Fuentevilla-Alvarez
- Endocrinology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1. Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - María Elena Soto
- Research Direction, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1. Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.E.S.); (G.V.-A.)
- Cardiovascular Line in American British Cowdary (ABC) Medical Center, Sur 136 No. 116 Col. Las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Jaziel Robles-Herrera
- Phisiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1. Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.J.R.-H.); (C.H.-G.)
| | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Research Direction, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1. Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.E.S.); (G.V.-A.)
| | - Reyna Sámano
- Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Enrique Meza-Toledo
- Biochemistry Department, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Claudia Huesca-Gómez
- Phisiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1. Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.J.R.-H.); (C.H.-G.)
| | - Ricardo Gamboa
- Phisiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1. Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.J.R.-H.); (C.H.-G.)
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Cai J, Huang J, Li D, Zhang X, Shi B, Liu Q, Fang C, Xu S, Zhang Z. Hippo-YAP/TAZ-ROS signaling axis regulates metaflammation induced by SelenoM deficiency in high-fat diet-derived obesity. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00229-7. [PMID: 38879122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic inflammation (metaflammation) in obesity is primarily initiated by proinflammatory macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue. SelenoM contributes to the modulation of antioxidative stress and inflammation in multiple pathological processes; however, its roles in metaflammation and the proinflammatory macrophage (M1)-like state in adipose tissue have not been determined. OBJECTIVES We hypothesize that SelenoM could effectively regulate metaflammation via the Hippo-YAP/TAZ-ROS signaling axis in obesity derived from a high-fat diet. METHODS Morphological changes in adipose tissue were examined by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and fluorescence microscopy. The glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were used to evaluate the impact of SelenoM deficiency on blood glucose levels. RNA-Seq analysis, LC-MS analysis, Mass spectrometry analysis and western blotting were performed to detect the levels of genes and proteins related to glycolipid metabolism in adipose tissue. RESULTS Herein, we evaluated the inflammatory features and metabolic microenvironment of mice with SelenoM-deficient adipose tissues by multi-omics analyses. The deletion of SelenoM resulted in glycolipid metabolic disturbances and insulin resistance, thereby accelerating weight gain, adiposity, and hyperglycemia. Mice lacking SelenoM in white adipocytes developed severe adipocyte hypertrophy via impaired lipolysis. SelenoM deficiency aggravated the generation of ROS by reducing equivalents (NADPH and glutathione) in adipocytes, thereby promoting inflammatory cytokine production and the M1-proinflammatory reaction, which was related to a change in nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) levels in macrophages. Mechanistically, SelenoM deficiency promoted metaflammation via Hippo-YAP/TAZ-ROS-mediated transcriptional regulation by targeting large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2). Moreover, supplementation with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) to reduce excessive oxidative stress partially rescued adipocyte inflammatory responses and macrophage M1 activation. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that SelenoM ameliorates metaflammation mainly via the Hippo-YAP/TAZ-ROS signaling axis in obesity. The identification of SelenoM as a key regulator of metaflammation presents opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic interventions targeting adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzeng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Di Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bendong Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiaohan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, China.
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, China.
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Teuwen JTJ, van der Vorst EPC, Maas SL. Navigating the Maze of Kinases: CaMK-like Family Protein Kinases and Their Role in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6213. [PMID: 38892400 PMCID: PMC11172518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and even though current treatment strategies focusing on lowering lipid levels are effective, CVD remains the primary cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is the major cause of CVD and is a chronic inflammatory condition in which various cell types and protein kinases play a crucial role. However, the underlying mechanisms of atherosclerosis are not entirely understood yet. Notably, protein kinases are highly druggable targets and represent, therefore, a novel way to target atherosclerosis. In this review, the potential role of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-like (CaMKL) family and its role in atherosclerosis will be discussed. This family consists of 12 subfamilies, among which are the well-described and conserved liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) subfamilies. Interestingly, LKB1 plays a key role and is considered a master kinase within the CaMKL family. It has been shown that LKB1 signaling leads to atheroprotective effects, while, for example, members of the microtubule affinity-regulating kinase (MARK) subfamily have been described to aggravate atherosclerosis development. These observations highlight the importance of studying kinases and their signaling pathways in atherosclerosis, bringing us a step closer to unraveling the underlying mechanisms of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules T. J. Teuwen
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Sanne L. Maas
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Smith TKT, Ghorbani P, LeBlond ND, Nunes JRC, O'Dwyer C, Ambursley N, Fong-McMaster C, Minarrieta L, Burkovsky LA, El-Hakim R, Trzaskalski NA, Locatelli CAA, Stotts C, Pember C, Rayner KJ, Kemp BE, Loh K, Harper ME, Mulvihill EE, St-Pierre J, Fullerton MD. AMPK-mediated regulation of endogenous cholesterol synthesis does not affect atherosclerosis in a murine Pcsk9-AAV model. Atherosclerosis 2024:117608. [PMID: 38880706 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dysregulated cholesterol metabolism is a hallmark of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, yet our understanding of how endogenous cholesterol synthesis affects atherosclerosis is not clear. The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylates and inhibits the rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR). Recent work demonstrated that when AMPK-HMGCR signaling was compromised in an Apoe-/- model of hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis was exacerbated due to elevated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell mobilization and myelopoiesis. We sought to validate the significance of the AMPK-HMGCR signaling axis in atherosclerosis using a non-germline hypercholesterolemia model with functional ApoE. METHODS Male and female HMGCR S871A knock-in (KI) mice and wild-type (WT) littermate controls were made atherosclerotic by intravenous injection of a gain-of-function Pcsk9D374Y-adeno-associated virus followed by high-fat and high-cholesterol atherogenic western diet feeding for 16 weeks. RESULTS AMPK activation suppressed endogenous cholesterol synthesis in primary bone marrow-derived macrophages from WT but not HMGCR KI mice, without changing other parameters of cholesterol regulation. Atherosclerotic plaque area was unchanged between WT and HMGCR KI mice, independent of sex. Correspondingly, there were no phenotypic differences observed in hematopoietic progenitors or differentiated immune cells in the bone marrow, blood, or spleen, and no significant changes in systemic markers of inflammation. When lethally irradiated female mice were transplanted with KI bone marrow, there was similar plaque content relative to WT. CONCLUSIONS Given previous work, our study demonstrates the importance of preclinical atherosclerosis model comparison and brings into question the importance of AMPK-mediated control of cholesterol synthesis in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler K T Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Peyman Ghorbani
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas D LeBlond
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julia R C Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Conor O'Dwyer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nia Ambursley
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Claire Fong-McMaster
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lucía Minarrieta
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Leah A Burkovsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rama El-Hakim
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Natasha A Trzaskalski
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Cassandra A A Locatelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Cameron Stotts
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ciara Pember
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Katey J Rayner
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- Protein Chemistry and Metabolism, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kim Loh
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julie St-Pierre
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Morgan D Fullerton
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Chen R, Zhang H, Tang B, Luo Y, Yang Y, Zhong X, Chen S, Xu X, Huang S, Liu C. Macrophages in cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:130. [PMID: 38816371 PMCID: PMC11139930 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune response holds a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease development. As multifunctional cells of the innate immune system, macrophages play an essential role in initial inflammatory response that occurs following cardiovascular injury, thereby inducing subsequent damage while also facilitating recovery. Meanwhile, the diverse phenotypes and phenotypic alterations of macrophages strongly associate with distinct types and severity of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, valvular disease, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, atherosclerosis and aneurysm, which underscores the importance of investigating macrophage regulatory mechanisms within the context of specific diseases. Besides, recent strides in single-cell sequencing technologies have revealed macrophage heterogeneity, cell-cell interactions, and downstream mechanisms of therapeutic targets at a higher resolution, which brings new perspectives into macrophage-mediated mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases. Remarkably, myocardial fibrosis, a prevalent characteristic in most cardiac diseases, remains a formidable clinical challenge, necessitating a profound investigation into the impact of macrophages on myocardial fibrosis within the context of cardiac diseases. In this review, we systematically summarize the diverse phenotypic and functional plasticity of macrophages in regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases and unprecedented insights introduced by single-cell sequencing technologies, with a focus on different causes and characteristics of diseases, especially the relationship between inflammation and fibrosis in cardiac diseases (myocardial infarction, pressure overload, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and cardiac aging) and the relationship between inflammation and vascular injury in vascular diseases (atherosclerosis and aneurysm). Finally, we also highlight the preclinical/clinical macrophage targeting strategies and translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runkai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Botao Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Sifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xinjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Shengkang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Canzhao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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8
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Duan X, Hu H, Wang L, Chen L. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family: A potential molecule target for diseases. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38800962 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), a crucial aldehyde metabolizing enzyme, has six family members. The ALDH1 family is expressed in various tissues, with a significant presence in the liver. It plays a momentous role in several pathophysiological processes, including aldehyde detoxification, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. Acetaldehyde detoxification is the fundamental function of the ALDH1 family in participating in vital pathological mechanisms. The ALDH1 family can catalyze retinal to retinoic acid (RA) that is a hormone-signaling molecule and plays a vital role in the development and adult tissues. Furthermore, there is a need for further and broader research on the role of the ALDH1 family as a signaling molecule. The ALDH1 family is widely recognized as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker and plays a significant role in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, prognosis, and drug resistance of cancer. The ALDH1 family also participates in other human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. It can inhibit disease progression by inhibiting/promoting the expression/activity of the ALDH1 family. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the tissue distribution, and functions of the ALDH1 family. Additionally, we review the involvement of the ALDH1 family in diseases, focusing on the underlying pathological mechanisms and briefly talk about the current status and development of ALDH1 family inhibitors. The ALDH1 family presents new possibilities for treating diseases, with both its upstream and downstream pathways serving as promising targets for therapeutic intervention. This offers fresh perspectives for drug development in the field of disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Haoliang Hu
- Changde Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedicine, Zoology Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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9
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Traughber CA, Timinski K, Prince A, Bhandari N, Neupane K, Khan MR, Opoku E, Opoku E, Brubaker G, Shin J, Hong J, Kanuri B, Ertugral EG, Nagareddy PR, Kothapalli CR, Cherepanova O, Smith JD, Gulshan K. Disulfiram Reduces Atherosclerosis and Enhances Efferocytosis, Autophagy, and Atheroprotective Gut Microbiota in Hyperlipidemic Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033881. [PMID: 38563369 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyroptosis executor GsdmD (gasdermin D) promotes atherosclerosis in mice and humans. Disulfiram was recently shown to potently inhibit GsdmD, but the in vivo efficacy and mechanism of disulfiram's antiatherosclerotic activity is yet to be explored. METHODS AND RESULTS We used human/mouse macrophages, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells and a hyperlipidemic mouse model of atherosclerosis to determine disulfiram antiatherosclerotic efficacy and mechanism. The effects of disulfiram on several atheroprotective pathways such as autophagy, efferocytosis, phagocytosis, and gut microbiota were determined. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the effects of disulfiram on the biophysical properties of the plasma membrane of macrophages. Disulfiram-fed hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E-/- mice showed significantly reduced interleukin-1β release upon in vivo Nlrp3 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome activation. Disulfiram-fed mice showed smaller atherosclerotic lesions (~27% and 29% reduction in males and females, respectively) and necrotic core areas (~50% and 46% reduction in males and females, respectively). Disulfiram induced autophagy in macrophages, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, hepatocytes/liver, and atherosclerotic plaques. Disulfiram modulated other atheroprotective pathways (eg, efferocytosis, phagocytosis) and gut microbiota. Disulfiram-treated macrophages showed enhanced phagocytosis/efferocytosis, with the mechanism being a marked increase in cell-surface expression of efferocytic receptor MerTK. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed altered biophysical properties of disulfiram-treated macrophages, showing increased order-state of plasma membrane and increased adhesion strength. Furthermore, 16sRNA sequencing of disulfiram-fed hyperlipidemic mice showed highly significant enrichment in atheroprotective gut microbiota Akkermansia and a reduction in atherogenic Romboutsia species. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data show that disulfiram can simultaneously modulate several atheroprotective pathways in a GsdmD-dependent as well as GsdmD-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alicia Traughber
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
| | - Kara Timinski
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Ashutosh Prince
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Nilam Bhandari
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Kalash Neupane
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Mariam R Khan
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Esther Opoku
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Emmanuel Opoku
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
| | - Gregory Brubaker
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
| | - Junchul Shin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
| | - Junyoung Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
| | - Babunageswararao Kanuri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Section University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC) Oklahoma City OK USA
| | - Elif G Ertugral
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Prabhakara R Nagareddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Section University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC) Oklahoma City OK USA
| | | | - Olga Cherepanova
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
| | - Jonathan D Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
| | - Kailash Gulshan
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
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10
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Euler G, Parahuleva M. Monocytic microRNAs-Novel targets in atherosclerosis therapy. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38575391 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic proinflammatory disease of the vascular wall resulting in narrowing of arteries due to plaque formation, thereby causing reduced blood supply that is the leading cause for diverse end-organ damage with high mortality rates. Monocytes/macrophages, activated by elevated circulating lipoproteins, are significantly involved in the formation and development of atherosclerotic plaques. The imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages, arising from dysregulated macrophage polarization, appears to be a driving force in this process. Proatherosclerotic processes acting on monocytes/macrophages include accumulation of cholesterol in macrophages leading to foam cell formation, as well as dysfunctional efferocytosis, all of which contribute to the formation of unstable plaques. In recent years, microRNAs (miRs) were identified as factors that could modulate monocyte/macrophage function and may therefore interfere with the atherosclerotic process. In this review, we present effects of monocyte/macrophage-derived miRs on atherosclerotic processes in order to reveal new treatment options using miRmimics or antagomiRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhild Euler
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mariana Parahuleva
- Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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11
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Qian Y, Chu G, Zhang L, Wu Z, Wang Q, Guo JJ, Zhou F. M2 macrophage-derived exosomal miR-26b-5p regulates macrophage polarization and chondrocyte hypertrophy by targeting TLR3 and COL10A1 to alleviate osteoarthritis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:72. [PMID: 38374072 PMCID: PMC10877765 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent chronic musculoskeletal diseases among the elderly population. In this study, macrophage-derived exosomes were isolated and identified. Exosomes were subjected to microRNA (miRNA) sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, and differentially expressed miRNAs were verified. miR-26b-5p target genes were confirmed through target-site mutation combined with a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-26b-5p on macrophage polarization and chondrocyte hypertrophy were assessed in vitro. miR-26b-5p agomir was applied to mice with OA induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). The therapeutic effects of miR-26b-5p were evaluated via pain behavior experiments and histological observations. In vitro, miR-26b-5p repolarized M1 macrophages to an anti-inflammatory M2 type by targeting the TLR3 signaling pathway. miR-26b-5p could target COL10A1, further inhibiting chondrocyte hypertrophy induced by M1 macrophage-conditioned medium (M1-CM). In vivo, miR-26b-5p agomir ameliorated gait abnormalities and mechanical allodynia in OA mice. miR-26b-5p treatment attenuated synovitis and cartilage degeneration, thereby delaying OA progression. In conclusion, M2 macrophage-derived exosomal miR-26b-5p could protect articular cartilage and ameliorate gait abnormalities in OA mice by targeting TLR3 and COL10A1. miR-26b-5p further affected macrophage polarization and chondrocyte hypertrophy. Thus, this exosomal miR-26b-5p-based strategy might be a potential method for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Ping Hai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genglei Chu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Ping Hai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Ping Hai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhikai Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Ping Hai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Ping Hai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiong Jiong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Ping Hai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Ping Hai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Chatterjee B, Sarkar M, Bose S, Alam MT, Chaudhary AA, Dixit AK, Tripathi PP, Srivastava AK. MicroRNAs: Key modulators of inflammation-associated diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:364-373. [PMID: 36670037 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a multifaceted biological and pathophysiological response to injuries, infections, toxins, and inflammatory mechanisms that plays a central role in the progression of various diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are tiny, 19-25 nucleotides long, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression via post-transcriptional repression. In this review, we highlight the recent findings related to the significant roles of miRNAs in regulating various inflammatory cascades and immunological processes in the context of many lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, etc. We also converse on how miRNAs can have a dual impact on inflammatory responses, suggesting that regulation of their functions for therapeutic purposes may be disease-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilash Chatterjee
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mrinmoy Sarkar
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India
| | - Subhankar Bose
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Md Tanjim Alam
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSUI), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Prem Prakash Tripathi
- Cell Biology & Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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13
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Pinos I, Coronel J, Albakri A, Blanco A, McQueen P, Molina D, Sim J, Fisher EA, Amengual J. β-Carotene accelerates the resolution of atherosclerosis in mice. eLife 2024; 12:RP87430. [PMID: 38319073 PMCID: PMC10945528 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
β-Carotene oxygenase 1 (BCO1) catalyzes the cleavage of β-carotene to form vitamin A. Besides its role in vision, vitamin A regulates the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and immune cell differentiation. BCO1 activity is associated with the reduction of plasma cholesterol in humans and mice, while dietary β-carotene reduces hepatic lipid secretion and delays atherosclerosis progression in various experimental models. Here we show that β-carotene also accelerates atherosclerosis resolution in two independent murine models, independently of changes in body weight gain or plasma lipid profile. Experiments in Bco1-/- mice implicate vitamin A production in the effects of β-carotene on atherosclerosis resolution. To explore the direct implication of dietary β-carotene on regulatory T cells (Tregs) differentiation, we utilized anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody infusions. Our data show that β-carotene favors Treg expansion in the plaque, and that the partial inhibition of Tregs mitigates the effect of β-carotene on atherosclerosis resolution. Our data highlight the potential of β-carotene and BCO1 activity in the resolution of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pinos
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Johana Coronel
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Asma'a Albakri
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Amparo Blanco
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Patrick McQueen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Donald Molina
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - JaeYoung Sim
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Edward A Fisher
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jaume Amengual
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
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14
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Ma Y, Wang Q, Du S, Luo J, Sun X, Jia B, Ge J, Dong J, Jiang S, Li Z. Multipathway Regulation for Targeted Atherosclerosis Therapy Using Anti-miR-33-Loaded DNA Origami. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38321605 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Given the multifactorial pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease, combination therapy arises as a compelling approach to effectively address the complex interplay of pathogenic mechanisms for a more desired treatment outcome. Here, we present cRGD/ASOtDON, a nanoformulation based on a self-assembled DNA origami nanostructure for the targeted combination therapy of AS. cRGD/ASOtDON targets αvβ3 integrin receptors overexpressed on pro-inflammatory macrophages and activated endothelial cells in atherosclerotic lesions, alleviates the oxidative stress induced by extracellular and endogenous reactive oxygen species, facilitates the polarization of pro-inflammatory macrophages toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, and inhibits foam cell formation by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages by downregulating miR-33. The antiatherosclerotic efficacy and safety profile of cRGD/ASOtDON, as well as its mechanism of action, were validated in an AS mouse model. cRGD/ASOtDON treatment reversed AS progression and restored normal morphology and tissue homeostasis of the diseased artery. Compared to probucol, a clinical antiatherosclerotic drug with a similar mechanism of action, cRGD/ASOtDON enabled the desired therapeutic outcome at a notably lower dosage. This study demonstrates the benefits of targeted combination therapy in AS management and the potential of self-assembled DNA nanoformulations in addressing multifactorial inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Bin Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jingru Ge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P. R. China
| | - Shuoxing Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
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15
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Pinos I, Coronel J, Albakri A, Blanco A, McQueen P, Molina D, Sim J, Fisher EA, Amengual J. β-carotene accelerates the resolution of atherosclerosis in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.07.531563. [PMID: 36945561 PMCID: PMC10028884 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.531563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
β-carotene oxygenase 1 (BCO1) catalyzes the cleavage of β-carotene to form vitamin A. Besides its role in vision, vitamin A regulates the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and immune cell differentiation. BCO1 activity is associated with the reduction of plasma cholesterol in humans and mice, while dietary β-carotene reduces hepatic lipid secretion and delays atherosclerosis progression in various experimental models. Here we show that β-carotene also accelerates atherosclerosis resolution in two independent murine models, independently of changes in body weight gain or plasma lipid profile. Experiments in Bco1-/- mice implicate vitamin A production in the effects of β-carotene on atherosclerosis resolution. To explore the direct implication of dietary β-carotene on regulatory T cells (Tregs) differentiation, we utilized anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody infusions. Our data show that β-carotene favors Treg expansion in the plaque, and that the partial inhibition of Tregs mitigates the effect of β-carotene on atherosclerosis resolution. Our data highlight the potential of β-carotene and BCO1 activity in the resolution of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pinos
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Johana Coronel
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Asma'a Albakri
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Amparo Blanco
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Patrick McQueen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Donald Molina
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - JaeYoung Sim
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Edward A Fisher
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, NY
| | - Jaume Amengual
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
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16
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Reiter RJ, Sharma R, Chuffa LGDA, Simko F, Dominguez-Rodriguez A. Mitochondrial Melatonin: Beneficial Effects in Protecting against Heart Failure. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:88. [PMID: 38255703 PMCID: PMC10820220 DOI: 10.3390/life14010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the cause of physical infirmity and thousands of deaths annually. Typically, during heart failure, cardiomyocyte mitochondria falter in terms of energy production and metabolic processing. Additionally, inflammation and the accumulation of non-contractile fibrous tissue contribute to cardiac malfunction. Melatonin, an endogenously produced molecule, experimentally reduces the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, which are often the basis of coronary artery disease. The current review critically analyzes published data related to the experimental use of melatonin to forestall coronary artery pathologies. Collectively, these studies document melatonin's anti-atherosclerotic actions in reducing LDL oxidation and triglyceride levels, lowering endothelial malfunction, limiting adhesion molecule formation, preventing macrophage polarization to the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype, changing cellular metabolism, scavenging destructive reactive oxygen species, preventing the proliferation and invasion of arterial smooth muscle cells into the lesioned area, restricting the ingrowth of blood vessels from the vasa vasorum, and solidifying the plaque cap to reduce the chance of its rupture. Diabetic hyperglycemia, which aggravates atherosclerotic plaque formation, is also inhibited by melatonin supplementation in experimental animals. The potential value of non-toxic melatonin as a possible inhibitor of cardiac pathology in humans should be seriously considered by performing clinical trials using this multifunctional molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Sharma
- Applied Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78235, USA
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology-IBB/UNESP, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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17
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Shao R, Liu C, Xue R, Deng X, Liu L, Song C, Xie J, Tang H, Liu W. Tumor-derived Exosomal ENO2 Modulates Polarization of Tumor-associated Macrophages through Reprogramming Glycolysis to Promote Progression of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:848-863. [PMID: 38250157 PMCID: PMC10797692 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.91154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages can be polarized into functional classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) phenotype. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) mainly exhibit M2 phenotype. Previous works determined that up-regulation of enolase 2 (ENO2) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells can promote macrophages to an M2-like phenotype, thereby consequently promoting the progression of DLBCL. Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles, carrying various bioactive molecules, mediate signals transduction and regulate immune cells. In our study, we investigated the role and related mechanisms of DLBCL-derived exosomal ENO2 in regulating macrophage polarization during DLBCL progression via bioinformatics analysis and a series of experiments. The results of bioinformatics analysis indicated that high expression of ENO2 was positively correlated with DLBCL progression and macrophages M2/M1 ratio. ENO2 protein levels were increased in the exosomes of the sera of DLBCL patients and DLBCL cells. Moreover, the DLBCL-derived exosomes were assimilated by macrophages and then regulated macrophage polarization. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that DLBCL-derived exosomal ENO2 modulated macrophages polarization (increased M2 phenotype and decreased M1 phenotype), thereby promoting DLBCL proliferation, migration, and invasion. We then revealed that the modulation of macrophages polarization by DLBCL-derived exosomal ENO2 depended on glycolysis and was promoted through GSK3β/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway. These findings suggested that DLBCL-derived exosomal ENO2 accelerated glycolysis via GSK3β/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway to ultimately promote macrophages to an M2-like phenotype, which can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of DLBCL, suggesting that exosomal ENO2 may be a promising therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P. R. China
| | - Ruifeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Xinpei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Lingrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Cailu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jindong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Wenjian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
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18
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Kotlyarov S. Identification of Important Genes Associated with the Development of Atherosclerosis. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:29-45. [PMID: 36999180 DOI: 10.2174/1566523223666230330091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most important medical problems due to its prevalence and significant contribution to the structure of temporary and permanent disability and mortality. Atherosclerosis is a complex chain of events occurring in the vascular wall over many years. Disorders of lipid metabolism, inflammation, and impaired hemodynamics are important mechanisms of atherogenesis. A growing body of evidence strengthens the understanding of the role of genetic and epigenetic factors in individual predisposition and development of atherosclerosis and its clinical outcomes. In addition, hemodynamic changes, lipid metabolism abnormalities, and inflammation are closely related and have many overlapping links in regulation. A better study of these mechanisms may improve the quality of diagnosis and management of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University Named After Academician I.P. Pavlov, Russian Federation
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19
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Xiao S, Qi M, Zhou Q, Gong H, Wei D, Wang G, Feng Q, Wang Z, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Ma X. Macrophage fatty acid oxidation in atherosclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116092. [PMID: 38157642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis significantly contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and is characterized by lipid retention and inflammation within the artery wall. Multiple immune cell types are implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, macrophages play a central role as the primary source of inflammatory effectors in this pathogenic process. The metabolic influences of lipids on macrophage function and fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) have similarly drawn attention due to its relevance as an immunometabolic hub. This review discusses recent findings regarding the impact of mitochondrial-dependent FAO in the phenotype and function of macrophages, as well as transcriptional regulation of FAO within macrophages. Finally, the therapeutic strategy of macrophage FAO in atherosclerosis is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujun Xiao
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Mingxu Qi
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Qinyi Zhou
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Huiqin Gong
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Duhui Wei
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Guangneng Wang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Qilun Feng
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yiren Zhou
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Emergency, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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20
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Parsamanesh N, Poudineh M, Siami H, Butler AE, Almahmeed W, Sahebkar A. RNA interference-based therapies for atherosclerosis: Recent advances and future prospects. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 204:1-43. [PMID: 38458734 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis represents a pathological state that affects the arterial system of the organism. This chronic, progressive condition is typified by the accumulation of atheroma within arterial walls. Modulation of RNA molecules through RNA-based therapies has expanded the range of therapeutic options available for neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, cancer, and, more recently, cardiovascular disease (CVD). Presently, microRNAs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are the most widely employed therapeutic strategies for targeting RNA molecules, and for regulating gene expression and protein production. Nevertheless, for these agents to be developed into effective medications, various obstacles must be overcome, including inadequate binding affinity, instability, challenges of delivering to the tissues, immunogenicity, and off-target toxicity. In this comprehensive review, we discuss in detail the current state of RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Parsamanesh
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Haleh Siami
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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21
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Katkar G, Ghosh P. Macrophage states: there's a method in the madness. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:954-964. [PMID: 37945504 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell approaches have shone a spotlight on discrete context-specific tissue macrophage states, deconstructed to their most minute details. Machine-learning (ML) approaches have recently challenged that dogma by revealing a context-agnostic continuum of states shared across tissues. Both approaches agree that 'brake' and 'accelerator' macrophage subpopulations must be balanced to achieve homeostasis. Both approaches also highlight the importance of ensemble fluidity as subpopulations switch between wide ranges of accelerator and brake phenotypes to mount the most optimal wholistic response to any threat. A full comprehension of the rules that govern these brake and accelerator states is a promising avenue because it can help formulate precise macrophage re-education therapeutic strategies that might selectively boost or suppress disease-associated states and phenotypes across various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan Katkar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
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22
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Liu H, Lv H, Duan X, Du Y, Tang Y, Xu W. Advancements in Macrophage-Targeted Drug Delivery for Effective Disease Management. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6915-6940. [PMID: 38026516 PMCID: PMC10680479 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s430877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in tissue homeostasis and the innate immune system. They perform essential functions such as presenting antigens, regulating cytokines, and responding to inflammation. However, in diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and autoimmune conditions, macrophages undergo aberrant polarization, which disrupts tissue regulation and impairs their normal behavior. To address these challenges, there has been growing interest in developing customized targeted drug delivery systems specifically designed for macrophage-related functions in different anatomical locations. Nanomedicine, utilizing nanoscale drug systems, offers numerous advantages including improved stability, enhanced pharmacokinetics, controlled release kinetics, and precise temporal drug delivery. These advantages hold significant promise in achieving heightened therapeutic efficacy, specificity, and reduced side effects in drug delivery and treatment approaches. This review aims to explore the roles of macrophages in major diseases and present an overview of current strategies employed in targeted drug delivery to macrophages. Additionally, this article critically evaluates the design of macrophage-targeted delivery systems, highlighting limitations and discussing prospects in this rapidly evolving field. By assessing the strengths and weaknesses of existing approaches, we can identify areas for improvement and refinement in macrophage-targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuehui Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Liu Q, Zhang S, Liu G, Zhou H, Guo Y, Gao F, Weng S. Adropin deficiency worsens TNBS-induced colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110891. [PMID: 37688913 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the effects of adropin deficiency on the distribution, phenotype and pathological phenotype of macrophages in colonic and mesenteric tissues of AdrKO (Enho-/-) mice, so as to explore the mechanism of adropin deficiency in spontaneous and experimental colitis. In this study, RNA-seq and metabonomics were used to screen the regulatory mechanism of adropin on the phenotypic transformation of macrophages. We found that adropin levels in active UC patients were significantly lower than those in normal subjects and remission UC patients, and at the same time, a large number of proinflammatory M1-type macrophages were infiltrated in the mesenteric tissue of colonic tissues from UC and CD patients. At the same time, spontaneous colitis occurred in Enho-/- (adropin-deficient)C57BL/6 mice, and there was an imbalance of M2 → M1 polarization of macrophages in colon and mesentery of Enho-/- mice. In vivo, it has showed that adropin deficiency could exacerbate the pathological phenotype of colitis induced by TNBS. In vitro, adropin was used to intervene RAW264.7 macrophages, and then combined analysis of RNA-seq and metabolomics demonstrated that adropin regulated lipid metabolism of macrophages through PPARγ, thus promoting the repolarization of macrophages from M1 to M2. Adropin deficiency led to an imbalance in the phenotypic distribution of macrophages infiltrating the colon and mesenteric tissues, namely, an increase in M1 type, which led to the occurrence and development of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicai Liu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350028, Fujian, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Guozhong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Huiling Zhou
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350028, Fujian, China
| | - Yujia Guo
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350028, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China.
| | - Shangeng Weng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
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24
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Liu X, Pang S, Jiang Y, Wang L, Liu Y. The Role of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis: Participants and Therapists. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07513-5. [PMID: 37864633 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Currently, atherosclerosis, characterized by the dysfunction of lipid metabolism and chronic inflammation in the intimal space of the vessel, is considered to be a metabolic disease. As the most abundant innate immune cells in the body, macrophages play a key role in the onset, progression, or regression of atherosclerosis. For example, macrophages exhibit several polarization states in response to microenvironmental stimuli; an increasing proportion of macrophages, polarized toward M2, can suppress inflammation, scavenge cell debris and apoptotic cells, and contribute to tissue repair and fibrosis. Additionally, specific exosomes, generated by macrophages containing certain miRNAs and effective efferocytosis of macrophages, are crucial for atherosclerosis. Therefore, macrophages have emerged as a novel potential target for anti-atherosclerosis therapy. This article reviews the role of macrophages in atherosclerosis from different aspects: origin, phenotype, exosomes, and efferocytosis, and discusses new approaches for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuchao Pang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yangyang Jiang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
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25
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Traughber CA, Timinski K, Prince A, Bhandari N, Neupane K, Khan MR, Opoku E, Opoku E, Brubaker G, Nageshwar K, Ertugral EG, Naggareddy P, Kothapalli CR, Smith JD, Gulshan K. Disulfiram reduces atherosclerosis and enhances efferocytosis, autophagy, and atheroprotective gut microbiota in hyperlipidemic mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.17.562757. [PMID: 37905037 PMCID: PMC10614849 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.17.562757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis executor Gasdermin (GsdmD) promotes atherosclerosis in mice and humans. Disulfiram (DSF) was recently shown to potently inhibit GsdmD, but the in-vivo efficacy and mechanism of DSF's anti-atherosclerotic activity is yet to be explored. We used human/mouse macrophages and a hyperlipidemic mouse model of atherosclerosis to determine DSF anti-atherosclerotic efficacy and mechanism. DSF-fed hyperlipidemic apoE -/- mice showed significantly reduced IL-1β release upon in-vivo Nlrp3 inflammasome assembly and showed smaller atherosclerotic lesions (∼27% and 29% reduction in males and females, respectively). The necrotic core area was also smaller (∼50% and 46% reduction in DSF-fed males and females, respectively). DSF induced autophagy in macrophages, hepatocytes/liver, and in atherosclerotic plaques. DSF modulated other atheroprotective pathways such as efferocytosis, phagocytosis, and gut microbiota. DSF-treated macrophages showed enhanced phagocytosis/efferocytosis, with a mechanism being a marked increase in cell-surface expression of efferocytic receptor MerTK. Atomic-force microscopy analysis revealed altered biophysical membrane properties of DSF treated macrophages, showing increased ordered-state of the plasma membrane and increased adhesion strength. Furthermore, the 16sRNA sequencing of DSF-fed hyperlipidemic mice showed highly significant enrichment in atheroprotective gut microbiota Akkermansia and a reduction in atherogenic Romboutsia species. Taken together, our data shows that DSF can simultaneously modulate multiple atheroprotective pathways, and thus may serve as novel adjuvant therapeutic to treat atherosclerosis.
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26
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Liu QJ, Yuan W, Yang P, Shao C. Role of glycolysis in diabetic atherosclerosis. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1478-1492. [PMID: 37970130 PMCID: PMC10642412 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a kind of typical metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. Modern lifestyles and trends that promote overconsumption and unhealthy practices have contributed to an increase in the annual incidence of diabetic AS worldwide, which has created a heavy burden on society. Several studies have shown the significant effects of glycolysis-related changes on the occurrence and development of diabetic AS, which may serve as novel thera-peutic targets for diabetic AS in the future. Glycolysis is an important metabolic pathway that generates energy in various cells of the blood vessel wall. In particular, it plays a vital role in the physiological and pathological activities of the three important cells, Endothelial cells, macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. There are lots of similar mechanisms underlying diabetic and common AS, the former is more complex. In this article, we describe the role and mechanism underlying glycolysis in diabetic AS, as well as the therapeutic targets, such as trained immunity, microRNAs, gut microbiota, and associated drugs, with the aim to provide some new perspectives and potentially feasible programs for the treatment of diabetic AS in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Jia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
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27
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Wang C, Wang X, Zhang D, Sun X, Wu Y, Wang J, Li Q, Jiang G. The macrophage polarization by miRNAs and its potential role in the treatment of tumor and inflammation (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:190. [PMID: 37711048 PMCID: PMC10523439 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of monocyte/macrophage lineage are diversity and plasticity, mainly manifested by M1 and M2 subtypes in the body tissues, and playing different roles in the immunity. In the polarization process of macrophages, the classic molecular mechanism is related to sequential transcription factors. Whether in tumor or inflammatory local microenvironment, the pathological factors of the local microenvironment often affect the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages, and participate in the occurrence and development of these pathological processes. In recent years, a growing number of research results demonstrated that non‑coding RNA (ncRNA) also participates in the polarization process of macrophages, in addition to traditional cytokines and transcriptional regulation signal pathway molecules. Among numerous ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted more attention from scholars both domestically and internationally, and significant progress has been made in basic and clinical research. Therefore, for improved understanding of the molecular mechanism of miRNAs in macrophage polarization and analysis of the potential value of this regulatory pathway in tumor and inflammatory intervention therapy, a comprehensive review of the progress of relevant literature research was conducted and some viewpoints and perspectives were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozhe Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 2640032, P.R. China
| | - Xidi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhangqiu People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lixia People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255200, P.R. China
| | - Yunhua Wu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 2640032, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255200, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 2640032, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255200, P.R. China
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28
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Kiseleva V, Vishnyakova P, Elchaninov A, Fatkhudinov T, Sukhikh G. Biochemical and molecular inducers and modulators of M2 macrophage polarization in clinical perspective. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110583. [PMID: 37423155 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages as innate immune cells with great plasticity are of great interest for cell therapy. There are two main macrophage populations - pro- and anti-inflammatory cells also known as M1 and M2. High potential in cancer research contributed to the in-depth study of the molecular processes leading to the polarization of macrophages into the M1 phenotype, and much less attention has been paid to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, which can be successfully used in cell therapy of inflammatory diseases. This review describes ontogenesis of macrophages, main functions of pro- and and-inflammatory cells and four M2 subpopulations characterized by different functionalities. Data on agents (cytokines, microRNAs, drugs, plant extracts) that may induce M2 polarization through the changes in microenvironment, metabolism, and efferocytosis are summarized. Finally, recent attempts at stable macrophage polarization using genetic modifications are described. This review may be helpful for researchers concerned with the problem of M2 macrophage polarization and potential use of these anti-inflammatory cells for the purposes of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia Kiseleva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Elchaninov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia; Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia; Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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29
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Sprenkle NT, Winn NC, Bunn KE, Zhao Y, Park DJ, Giese BG, Karijolich JJ, Ansel KM, Serezani CH, Hasty AH, Pua HH. The miR-23-27-24 clusters drive lipid-associated macrophage proliferation in obese adipose tissue. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112928. [PMID: 37542720 PMCID: PMC10712211 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying molecular circuits that control adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) function is necessary to understand how ATMs contribute to tissue homeostasis and obesity-induced insulin resistance. In this study, we find that mice with a myeloid-specific knockout of the miR-23-27-24 clusters of microRNAs (miRNAs) gain less weight on a high-fat diet but exhibit worsened glucose and insulin tolerance. Analysis of ATMs from these mice shows selectively reduced numbers and proliferation of a recently reported subset of lipid-associated CD9+Trem2+ ATMs (lipid-associated macrophages [LAMs]). Leveraging the role of miRNAs to control networks of genes, we use RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), functional screens, and biochemical assays to identify candidate target transcripts that regulate proliferation-associated signaling. We determine that miR-23 directly targets the mRNA of Eif4ebp2, a gene that restricts protein synthesis and proliferation in macrophages. Altogether, our study demonstrates that control of proliferation of a protective subset of LAMs by noncoding RNAs contributes to protection against diet-induced obesity metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Sprenkle
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nathan C Winn
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kaitlyn E Bunn
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Deborah J Park
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brenna G Giese
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John J Karijolich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology and Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanerbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - K Mark Ansel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology and Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology and Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Heather H Pua
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology and Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Cabiati M, Guiducci L, Randazzo E, Casieri V, Federico G, Del Ry S. Circulating and Exosomal microRNA-33 in Childhood Obesity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2295. [PMID: 37626791 PMCID: PMC10452681 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-33 may control a wide range of different metabolic functions. METHODS This study aims to assess the miR-33a circulating profile in normal-weight (N = 20) and obese (O = 30) adolescents and to correlate its expression levels to their metabolic parameters. In a subset of subjects, we compared circulating miR-33a with exosomal miR-33a. RESULTS Metabolic parameters were altered in O, with initial hyperinsulinemia. Circulating miR-33a was significantly higher in O than in N (p = 0.0002). Significant correlations between miR-33a and auxological and metabolic indices (Insulin p = 0.01; Cholesterol p = 0.01; LDL p = 0.01; HbA1c p = 0.01) were found. Splitting our population (O + N) into two groups, according to the median value of mRNA expression miR-33a levels (0.701), irrespective of the presence or absence of obesity, we observed that those having a higher expression of miR-33a were more frequently obese (87.5% vs. 12.5%; p < 0.0001) and had significantly increased values of auxological and metabolic parameters. Exosomes extracted from plasma of N and O carried miR-33a, and its expression was lower in O (p = 0.026). No correlations with metabolic parameters were observed. CONCLUSION While exosome miR-33a does not provide any advantage, circulating miR-33a can provide important indications in an initial phase of metabolic dysfunction, stratifying obese adolescents at higher cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cabiati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (L.G.)
| | - Letizia Guiducci
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (L.G.)
| | - Emioli Randazzo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (E.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Valentina Casieri
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (E.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (L.G.)
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
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Miyagawa S, Horie T, Nishino T, Koyama S, Watanabe T, Baba O, Yamasaki T, Sowa N, Otani C, Matsushita K, Kojima H, Kimura M, Nakashima Y, Obika S, Kasahara Y, Kotera J, Oka K, Fujita R, Sasaki T, Takemiya A, Hasegawa K, Kimura T, Ono K. Inhibition of microRNA-33b in humanized mice ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202301902. [PMID: 37263777 PMCID: PMC10235800 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202301902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in their advanced stages; however, there are currently no approved therapies. Here, we show that microRNA (miR)-33b in hepatocytes is critical for the development of NASH. miR-33b is located in the intron of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 and is abundantly expressed in humans, but absent in rodents. miR-33b knock-in (KI) mice, which have a miR-33b sequence in the same intron of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 as humans and express miR-33b similar to humans, exhibit NASH under high-fat diet feeding. This condition is ameliorated by hepatocyte-specific miR-33b deficiency but unaffected by macrophage-specific miR-33b deficiency. Anti-miR-33b oligonucleotide improves the phenotype of NASH in miR-33b KI mice fed a Gubra Amylin NASH diet, which induces miR-33b and worsens NASH more than a high-fat diet. Anti-miR-33b treatment reduces hepatic free cholesterol and triglyceride accumulation through up-regulation of the lipid metabolism-related target genes. Furthermore, it decreases the expression of fibrosis marker genes in cultured hepatic stellate cells. Thus, inhibition of miR-33b using nucleic acid medicine is a promising treatment for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawa Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Horie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Baba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Sowa
- Division of Translational Research, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chiharu Otani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Matsushita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidenori Kojima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Obika
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuuya Kasahara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Kotera
- Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Shonan Health Innovation Park, Fujisawa-shi, Japan
| | - Kozo Oka
- Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Shonan Health Innovation Park, Fujisawa-shi, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujita
- Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Shonan Health Innovation Park, Fujisawa-shi, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaki
- Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Shonan Health Innovation Park, Fujisawa-shi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takemiya
- Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Shonan Health Innovation Park, Fujisawa-shi, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Translational Research, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koh Ono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Qiu H, Shen L, Shen Y, Mao Y. Identification of a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network for post-stroke depression: a machine-learning approach. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1096911. [PMID: 37528851 PMCID: PMC10389264 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1096911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to explore the miRNA and mRNA biomarkers in post-stroke depression (PSD) and to develop a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network to reveal its potential pathogenesis. Methods The transcriptomic expression profile was obtained from the GEO database using the accession numbers GSE117064 (miRNAs, stroke vs. control) and GSE76826 [mRNAs, late-onset major depressive disorder (MDD) vs. control]. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified in blood samples collected from stroke patients vs. control using the Linear Models for Microarray Data (LIMMA) package, while the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) revealed co-expressed gene modules correlated with the subject group. The intersection between DE-miRNAs and miRNAs identified by WGCNA was defined as stroke-related miRNAs, whose target mRNAs were stroke-related genes with the prediction based on three databases (miRDB, miRTarBase, and TargetScan). Using the GSE76826 dataset, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Overlapped DEGs between stroke-related genes and DEGs in late-onset MDD were retrieved, and these were potential mRNA biomarkers in PSD. With the overlapped DEGs, three machine-learning methods were employed to identify gene signatures for PSD, which were established with the intersection of gene sets identified by each algorithm. Based on the gene signatures, the upstream miRNAs were predicted, and a miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. Results Using the GSE117064 dataset, we retrieved a total of 667 DE-miRNAs, which included 420 upregulated and 247 downregulated ones. Meanwhile, WGCNA identified two modules (blue and brown) that were significantly correlated with the subject group. A total of 117 stroke-related miRNAs were identified with the intersection of DE-miRNAs and WGCNA-related ones. Based on the miRNA-mRNA databases, we identified a list of 2,387 stroke-related genes, among which 99 DEGs in MDD were also embedded. Based on the 99 overlapped DEGs, we identified three gene signatures (SPATA2, ZNF208, and YTHDC1) using three machine-learning classifiers. Predictions of the three mRNAs highlight four miRNAs as follows: miR-6883-5p, miR-6873-3p, miR-4776-3p, and miR-6738-3p. Subsequently, a miRNA-mRNA network was developed. Conclusion The study highlighted gene signatures for PSD with three genes (SPATA2, ZNF208, and YTHDC1) and four upstream miRNAs (miR-6883-5p, miR-6873-3p, miR-4776-3p, and miR-6738-3p). These biomarkers could further our understanding of the pathogenesis of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaide Qiu
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Science, Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Likui Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiming Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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DeBerge M, Chaudhary R, Schroth S, Thorp EB. Immunometabolism at the Heart of Cardiovascular Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:884-904. [PMID: 37547069 PMCID: PMC10401297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell function among the myocardium, now more than ever, is appreciated to regulate cardiac function and pathophysiology. This is the case for both innate immunity, which includes neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages, as well as adaptive immunity, which includes T cells and B cells. This function is fueled by cell-intrinsic shifts in metabolism, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as metabolite availability, which originates from the surrounding extracellular milieu and varies during ischemia and metabolic syndrome. Immune cell crosstalk with cardiac parenchymal cells, such as cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, is also regulated by complex cellular metabolic circuits. Although our understanding of immunometabolism has advanced rapidly over the past decade, in part through valuable insights made in cultured cells, there remains much to learn about contributions of in vivo immunometabolism and directly within the myocardium. Insight into such fundamental cell and molecular mechanisms holds potential to inform interventions that shift the balance of immunometabolism from maladaptive to cardioprotective and potentially even regenerative. Herein, we review our current working understanding of immunometabolism, specifically in the settings of sterile ischemic cardiac injury or cardiometabolic disease, both of which contribute to the onset of heart failure. We also discuss current gaps in knowledge in this context and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Edward B. Thorp
- Address for correspondence: Dr Edward B. Thorp, Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue Ward 4-116, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
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Ortega R, Liu B, Persaud SJ. Effects of miR-33 Deficiency on Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases: Implications for Therapeutic Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10777. [PMID: 37445956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally inhibit gene expression. These small molecules are involved in several biological conditions such as inflammation, cell growth and proliferation, and regulation of energy metabolism. In the context of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, miR-33 is of particular interest as it has been implicated in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. This miRNA is located in introns harboured in the genes encoding sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1 and SREBP-2, which are key transcription factors involved in lipid biosynthesis and cholesterol efflux. This review outlines the role of miR-33 in a range of metabolic and cardiovascular pathologies, such as dyslipidaemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and it provides discussion about the effectiveness of miR-33 deficiency as a possible therapeutic strategy to prevent the development of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Shanta J Persaud
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
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Tao H, Dong L, Shan X, Li L, Chen H. MicroRNA-32-3p facilitates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibiting Cab39/AMPK. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110504. [PMID: 37379707 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key pathogenic factor of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. MicroRNA-32-3p (miR-32-3p) plays critical roles in regulating ischemic diseases; however, its role in oxidative stress and cerebral I/R injury remains elusive. Primary cortical neurons and rats were treated with the agomir, antagomir and matched controls of miR-32-3p, and then received oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) or I/R stimulation. To investigate the involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and calcium-binding protein 39 (Cab39), a pharmacological inhibitor and small interfering RNA were used in vivo and in vitro. Herein, we found that miR-32-3p was upregulated in OGD/R-treated neurons and I/R-injured brains, and that inhibiting miR-32-3p by the miR-32-3p antagomir dramatically alleviated oxidative stress and neural death in OGD/R-stimulated primary cortical neurons. Conversely, overexpressing miR-32-3p by the miR-32-3p agomir further aggravated OGD/R-induced neural death and oxidative damage in primary cortical neurons. Meanwhile, we observed that the miR-32-3p antagomir prevented, while the miR-32-3p agomir facilitated neural death, oxidative damage and cerebral I/R injury in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-32-3p bound to the 3'-untranslated regions of Cab39, inhibited its protein level and subsequently inactivated AMPK. Conversely, treatment with the miR-32-3p antagomir upregulated Cab39 and activated AMPK, thereby attenuating oxidative damage and cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, inhibiting AMPK or Cab39 dramatically blocked the miR-32-3p antagomir-mediated beneficial effects against cerebral I/R injury in vivo and in vitro. miR-32-3p plays critical roles in neural death and oxidative damage upon I/R stimulation, and it is a novel target to treat cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmiao Tao
- Medical College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lihua Dong
- Medical College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haohao Chen
- Medical College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang, China
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Huang K, Pitman M, Oladosu O, Echesabal-Chen J, Vojtech L, Esobi I, Larsen J, Jo H, Stamatikos A. The Impact of MiR-33a-5p Inhibition in Pro-Inflammatory Endothelial Cells. Diseases 2023; 11:88. [PMID: 37489440 PMCID: PMC10366879 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests cholesterol accumulation in pro-inflammatory endothelial cells (EC) contributes to triggering atherogenesis and driving atherosclerosis progression. Therefore, inhibiting miR-33a-5p within inflamed endothelium may prevent and treat atherosclerosis by enhancing apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux by upregulating ABCA1. However, it is not entirely elucidated whether inhibition of miR-33a-5p in pro-inflammatory EC is capable of increasing ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux. In our study, we initially transfected LPS-challenged, immortalized mouse aortic EC (iMAEC) with either pAntimiR33a5p plasmid DNA or the control plasmid, pScr. We detected significant increases in both ABCA1 protein expression and apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux in iMAEC transfected with pAntimiR33a5p when compared to iMAEC transfected with pScr. We subsequently used polymersomes targeting inflamed endothelium to deliver either pAntimiR33a5p or pScr to cultured iMAEC and showed that the polymersomes were selective in targeting pro-inflammatory iMAEC. Moreover, when we exposed LPS-challenged iMAEC to these polymersomes, we observed a significant decrease in miR-33a-5p expression in iMAEC incubated with polymersomes containing pAntimR33a5p versus control iMAEC. We also detected non-significant increases in both ABCA1 protein and apoAI-mediated cholesterol in iMAEC exposed to polymersomes containing pAntimR33a5p when compared to control iMAEC. Based on our results, inhibiting miR-33a-5p in pro-inflammatory EC exhibits atheroprotective effects, and so precisely delivering anti-miR-33a-5p to these cells is a promising anti-atherogenic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Huang
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Mark Pitman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Olanrewaju Oladosu
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Jing Echesabal-Chen
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Lucia Vojtech
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ikechukwu Esobi
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Jessica Larsen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alexis Stamatikos
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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Peng Y, Zhou M, Yang H, Qu R, Qiu Y, Hao J, Bi H, Guo D. Regulatory Mechanism of M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization in the Development of Autoimmune Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:8821610. [PMID: 37332618 PMCID: PMC10270764 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8821610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells in the organism and can be found in almost tissues and organs. They are highly plastic and heterogeneous cells and can participate in the immune response, thereby playing a crucial role in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the body. It is well known that undifferentiated macrophages can polarize into classically activated macrophages (M1 macrophages) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2 macrophages) under different microenvironmental conditions. The directions of macrophage polarization can be regulated by a series of factors, including interferon, lipopolysaccharide, interleukin, and noncoding RNAs. To elucidate the role of macrophages in various autoimmune diseases, we searched the literature on macrophages with the PubMed database. Search terms are as follows: macrophages, polarization, signaling pathways, noncoding RNA, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus nephritis, Sjogren's syndrome, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and multiple sclerosis. In the present study, we summarize the role of macrophage polarization in common autoimmune diseases. In addition, we also summarize the features and recent advances with a particular focus on the immunotherapeutic potential of macrophage polarization in autoimmune diseases and the potentially effective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Peng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Mengxian Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Ruyi Qu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Jiawen Hao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases; Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases; Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
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Pinos I, Yu J, Pilli N, Kane MA, Amengual J. Functional characterization of interleukin 4 and retinoic acid signaling crosstalk during alternative macrophage activation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159291. [PMID: 36754230 PMCID: PMC9974901 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid possesses potent immunomodulatory properties in various cell types, including macrophages. In this study, we first investigated the effects at the transcriptional and functional levels of exogenous retinoic acid in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in the presence or absence of interleukin 4 (IL4), a cytokine with potent anti-inflammatory properties. We examined the effect of IL4 on vitamin A homeostasis in macrophages by quantifying retinoid synthesis and secretion. Our RNAseq data show that exogenous retinoic acid synergizes with IL4 to regulate anti-inflammatory pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation and phagocytosis. Efferocytosis and lysosomal degradation assays validated gene expression changes at the functional level. IL4 treatment altered the expression of several genes involved in vitamin A transport and conversion to retinoic acid. Radiolabeling experiments and mass spectrometry assays revealed that IL4 stimulates retinoic acid production and secretion in a signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6)-dependent manner. In summary, our studies highlight the key role of exogenous and endogenous retinoic acid in shaping the anti-inflammatory response of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pinos
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jianshi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nageswara Pilli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maureen A Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jaume Amengual
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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Tasopoulou KM, Argiriou C, Tsaroucha AK, Georgiadis GS. Circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, surveillance and post-operative follow-up of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg 2023:S0890-5096(23)00144-9. [PMID: 36921794 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2023.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a summary of the current state of research in English medical literature on circulating miRNAs, as biomarkers for AAA. Additionally, for the most commonly mentioned circulating miRNAs in the literature, to attempt a documentation of the biological mechanisms underlying their role in AAA development. METHODS A literature search was undertaken in the MEDLINE database. Only reports that involved peripheral blood samples (whole blood, plasma, serum) were included. The following terms were used in combination: microrna, mirna, abdominal aortic aneurysm, human, circulating, plasma, serum, endovascular and EVAR. RESULTS A total of 25 reports, published from 2012 to 2022 were included with a total of 1259 patients with AAA, predominantly men (N= 1040, 90%). Six of these reports recruited healthy donors who underwent ultrasound screening for AAA as control samples. The majority of studies were undertaken in plasma samples and the most preferred microRNA profiling method was Real - Time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The following nine miRNAs (out of a total of 76) were studied in more than two references: miR-145, miR-24, miR-33, miR-125, let-7, miR-15, miR-191, miR-29 and miR-133. CONCLUSION The nine miRNAs described in this study, are implicated in known pathogenetic mechanisms of AAA such as atherosclerosis, vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switch and apoptosis, vascular inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation and lipid metabolism. Identifying disease-specific miRNAs, in combination with other clinical parameters, as indicators of AAA, is crucial for early diagnosis as well as follow-up of AAAs. For future research on miRNAs as AAA biomarkers, strict case and control group definitions, sample acquisition protocols, and miRNA expression profiling techniques are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi-Maria Tasopoulou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Evros, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Christos Argiriou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Evros, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Alexandra K Tsaroucha
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George S Georgiadis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Evros, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Wang YR, Cui WQ, Wu HY, Xu XD, Xu XQ. The role of T cells in acute ischemic stroke. Brain Res Bull 2023; 196:20-33. [PMID: 36906042 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with high rates of disability and mortality, exerting a substantial impact on overall survival and health-related quality of life. Treatment of AIS remains challenging given that the underlying pathologic mechanisms remain unclear. However, recent research has demonstrated that the immune system plays a key role in the development of AIS. Numerous studies have reported infiltration of T cells into ischemic brain tissue. While some types of T cells can promote the development of inflammatory responses and aggravate ischemic damage in patients with AIS, other T cells appear to exert neuroprotective effects via immunosuppression and other mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the recent findings regarding the infiltration of T cells into ischemic brain tissue, and the mechanisms governing how T cells can facilitate tissue injury or neuroprotection in AIS. Factors influencing the function of T cells, such as intestinal microflora and sex differences, are also discussed. We also explore the recent research on the effect of non-coding RNA on T cells after stroke, as well as the potential for specifically targeting T cells in the treatment of stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ran Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China; First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hong-Yun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China; First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Xu
- Experimental Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang-Qing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China; First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Ahangari F, Price NL, Malik S, Chioccioli M, Bärnthaler T, Adams TS, Kim J, Pradeep SP, Ding S, Cosmos C, Rose KAS, McDonough JE, Aurelien NR, Ibarra G, Omote N, Schupp JC, DeIuliis G, Villalba Nunez JA, Sharma L, Ryu C, Dela Cruz CS, Liu X, Prasse A, Rosas I, Bahal R, Fernández-Hernando C, Kaminski N. microRNA-33 deficiency in macrophages enhances autophagy, improves mitochondrial homeostasis, and protects against lung fibrosis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e158100. [PMID: 36626225 PMCID: PMC9977502 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and ultimately fatal disease. Recent findings have shown a marked metabolic reprogramming associated with changes in mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy during pulmonary fibrosis. The microRNA-33 (miR-33) family of microRNAs (miRNAs) encoded within the introns of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) genes are master regulators of sterol and fatty acid (FA) metabolism. miR-33 controls macrophage immunometabolic response and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, FA oxidation, and cholesterol efflux. Here, we show that miR-33 levels are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells isolated from patients with IPF compared with healthy controls. We demonstrate that specific genetic ablation of miR-33 in macrophages protects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The absence of miR-33 in macrophages improves mitochondrial homeostasis and increases autophagy while decreasing inflammatory response after bleomycin injury. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of miR-33 in macrophages via administration of anti-miR-33 peptide nucleic acids (PNA-33) attenuates fibrosis in different in vivo and ex vivo mice and human models of pulmonary fibrosis. These studies elucidate a major role of miR-33 in macrophages in the regulation of pulmonary fibrosis and uncover a potentially novel therapeutic approach to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Ahangari
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nathan L. Price
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shipra Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Maurizio Chioccioli
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Thomas Bärnthaler
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Taylor S. Adams
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jooyoung Kim
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sai Pallavi Pradeep
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shuizi Ding
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlos Cosmos
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kadi-Ann S. Rose
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - John E. McDonough
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nachelle R. Aurelien
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Hospital Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gabriel Ibarra
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Life Span Medical Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Norihito Omote
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jonas C. Schupp
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Giuseppe DeIuliis
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julian A. Villalba Nunez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Changwan Ryu
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Charles S. Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xinran Liu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Imaging (CCMI), Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Antje Prasse
- Department of Pneumology, University of Hannover, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ivan Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Raman Bahal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Sprenkle NT, Serezani CH, Pua HH. MicroRNAs in Macrophages: Regulators of Activation and Function. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:359-368. [PMID: 36724439 PMCID: PMC10316964 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are sentinels of the innate immune system that maintain tissue homeostasis and contribute to inflammatory responses. Their broad scope of action depends on both functional heterogeneity and plasticity. Small noncoding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to macrophage function as post-transcriptional inhibitors of target gene networks. Genetic and pharmacologic studies have uncovered genes regulated by miRNAs that control macrophage cellular programming and macrophage-driven pathology. miRNAs control proinflammatory M1-like activation, immunoregulatory M2-like macrophage activation, and emerging macrophage functions in metabolic disease and innate immune memory. Understanding the gene networks regulated by individual miRNAs enhances our understanding of the spectrum of macrophage function at steady state and during responses to injury or pathogen invasion, with the potential to develop miRNA-based therapies. This review aims to consolidate past and current studies investigating the complexity of the miRNA interactome to provide the reader with a mechanistic view of how miRNAs shape macrophage behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Vandebilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Heather H Pua
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Vandebilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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43
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Fernández-Tussy P, Sun J, Cardelo MP, Price NL, Goedeke L, Xirouchaki CE, Yang X, Pastor-Rojo O, Bennett AM, Tiganis T, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. Hepatocyte-specific miR-33 deletion attenuates NAFLD-NASH-HCC progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.18.523503. [PMID: 36711578 PMCID: PMC9882318 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.18.523503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of the multiple mechanisms underlying non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression remains a significant challenge for the development of effective therapeutics. miRNAs have shown great promise as regulators of biological processes and as therapeutic targets for complex diseases. Here, we study the role of hepatic miR-33, an important regulator of lipid metabolism, during the progression of NAFLD. We report that miR-33 is overexpressed in hepatocytes isolated from mice with NAFLD and demonstrate that its specific suppression in hepatocytes (miR-33 HKO ) improves multiple aspects of the disease, including insulin resistance, steatosis, and inflammation and limits the progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mechanistically, we find that hepatic miR-33 deficiency reduces lipid biosynthesis and promotes mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation to reduce lipid burden in hepatocytes. Additionally, miR-33 deficiency improves mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress. In miR-33 deficient hepatocytes, we found an increase in AMPKα activation, which regulates several pathways resulting in the attenuation of liver disease. The reduction in lipid accumulation and liver injury resulted in decreased transcriptional activity of the YAP/TAZ pathway, which may be involved in the reduced progression to HCC in the HKO livers. Together, these results suggest suppressing hepatic miR-33 may be an effective therapeutic approach at different stages of NAFLD/NASH/HCC disease progression.
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44
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Bonilha I, Luchiari B, Nadruz W, Sposito AC. Very low HDL levels: clinical assessment and management. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 67:3-18. [PMID: 36651718 PMCID: PMC9983789 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In individuals with very low high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) cholesterol, such as Tangier disease, LCAT deficiency, and familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia, there is an increased risk of premature atherosclerosis. However, analyzes based on comparisons of populations with small variations in HDL-C mediated by polygenic alterations do not confirm these findings, suggesting that there is an indirect association or heterogeneity in the pathophysiological mechanisms related to the reduction of HDL-C. Trials that evaluated some of the HDL functions demonstrate a more robust degree of association between the HDL system and atherosclerotic risk, but as they were not designed to modify lipoprotein functionality, there is insufficient data to establish a causal relationship. We currently have randomized clinical trials of therapies that increase HDL-C concentration by various mechanisms, and this HDL-C elevation has not independently demonstrated a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, this evidence shows that (a) measuring HDL-C as a way of estimating HDL-related atheroprotective system function is insufficient and (b) we still do not know how to increase cardiovascular protection with therapies aimed at modifying HDL metabolism. This leads us to a greater effort to understand the mechanisms of molecular action and cellular interaction of HDL, completely abandoning the traditional view focused on the plasma concentration of HDL-C. In this review, we will detail this new understanding and the new horizon for using the HDL system to mitigate residual atherosclerotic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Bonilha
- Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp), Laboratório de Biologia Vascular e Aterosclerose (AtheroLab), Divisão de Cardiologia, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Beatriz Luchiari
- Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp), Laboratório de Biologia Vascular e Aterosclerose (AtheroLab), Divisão de Cardiologia, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp), Divisão de Cardiologia, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp), Laboratório de Biologia Vascular e Aterosclerose (AtheroLab), Divisão de Cardiologia, Campinas, SP, Brasil,
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Li T, Yan Z, Fan Y, Fan X, Li A, Qi Z, Zhang J. Cardiac repair after myocardial infarction: A two-sided role of inflammation-mediated. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1077290. [PMID: 36698953 PMCID: PMC9868426 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1077290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and the development of new treatments can help reduce the size of myocardial infarction and prevent adverse cardiovascular events. Cardiac repair after myocardial infarction can effectively remove necrotic tissue, induce neovascularization, and ultimately replace granulation tissue. Cardiac inflammation is the primary determinant of whether beneficial cardiac repair occurs after myocardial infarction. Immune cells mediate inflammatory responses and play a dual role in injury and protection during cardiac repair. After myocardial infarction, genetic ablation or blocking of anti-inflammatory pathways is often harmful. However, enhancing endogenous anti-inflammatory pathways or blocking endogenous pro-inflammatory pathways may improve cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. A deficiency of neutrophils or monocytes does not improve overall cardiac function after myocardial infarction but worsens it and aggravates cardiac fibrosis. Several factors are critical in regulating inflammatory genes and immune cells' phenotypes, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. Therefore, strict control and timely suppression of the inflammatory response, finding a balance between inflammatory cells, preventing excessive tissue degradation, and avoiding infarct expansion can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction. This article reviews the involvement of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and regulatory T cells in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. After myocardial infarction, neutrophils are the first to be recruited to the damaged site to engulf necrotic cell debris and secrete chemokines that enhance monocyte recruitment. Monocytes then infiltrate the infarct site and differentiate into macrophages and they release proteases and cytokines that are harmful to surviving myocardial cells in the pre-infarct period. As time progresses, apoptotic neutrophils are cleared, the recruitment of anti-inflammatory monocyte subsets, the polarization of macrophages toward the repair phenotype, and infiltration of regulatory T cells, which secrete anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation for cardiac repair. We also explored how epigenetic modifications regulate the phenotype of inflammatory genes and immune cells to promote cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. This paper also elucidates the roles of alarmin S100A8/A9, secreted frizzled-related protein 1, and podoplanin in the inflammatory response and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajie Fan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinbiao Fan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Aolin Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongwen Qi
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zhongwen Qi,
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China,Junping Zhang,
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Gulshan K. Crosstalk Between Cholesterol, ABC Transporters, and PIP2 in Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1422:353-377. [PMID: 36988888 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21547-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The lowering of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an easily achievable and highly reliable modifiable risk factor for preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD), as validated by the unparalleled success of statins in the last three decades. However, the 2021 American Heart Association (AHA) statistics show a worrying upward trend in CVD deaths, calling into question the widely held belief that statins and available adjuvant therapies can fully resolve the CVD problem. Human biomarker studies have shown that indicators of inflammation, such as human C-reactive protein (hCRP), can serve as a reliable risk predictor for CVD, independent of all traditional risk factors. Oxidized cholesterol mediates chronic inflammation and promotes atherosclerosis, while anti-inflammatory therapies, such as an anti-interleukin-1 beta (anti-IL-1β) antibody, can reduce CVD in humans. Cholesterol removal from artery plaques, via an athero-protective reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway, can dampen inflammation. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) plays a role in RCT by promoting adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)-mediated cholesterol efflux from arterial macrophages. Cholesterol crystals activate the nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3) inflammasome in advanced atherosclerotic plaques, leading to IL-1β release in a PIP2-dependent fashion. PIP2 thus is a central player in CVD pathogenesis, serving as a critical link between cellular cholesterol levels, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and inflammasome-induced IL-1β release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash Gulshan
- College of Sciences and Health Professions, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Szydełko J, Matyjaszek-Matuszek B. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Disease Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-From Pathogenesis to Potential Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010616. [PMID: 36614057 PMCID: PMC9820734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with still growing incidence among adults and young people worldwide. Patients with T2DM are more susceptible to developing coronary artery disease (CAD) than non-diabetic individuals. The currently used diagnostic methods do not ensure the detection of CAD at an early stage. Thus, extensive research on non-invasive, blood-based biomarkers is necessary to avoid life-threatening events. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs that are stable in human body fluids and easily detectable. A number of reports have highlighted that the aberrant expression of miRNAs may impair the diversity of signaling pathways underlying the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, which is a key player linking T2DM with CAD. The preclinical evidence suggests the atheroprotective and atherogenic influence of miRNAs on every step of T2DM-induced atherogenesis, including endothelial dysfunction, endothelial to mesenchymal transition, macrophage activation, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation/migration, platelet hyperactivity, and calcification. Among the 122 analyzed miRNAs, 14 top miRNAs appear to be the most consistently dysregulated in T2DM and CAD, whereas 10 miRNAs are altered in T2DM, CAD, and T2DM-CAD patients. This up-to-date overview aims to discuss the role of miRNAs in the development of diabetic CAD, emphasizing their potential clinical usefulness as novel, non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for T2DM individuals with a predisposition to undergo CAD.
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Fang F, Xiao C, Li C, Liu X, Li S. Tuning macrophages for atherosclerosis treatment. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac103. [PMID: 36683743 PMCID: PMC9845526 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease and a leading cause of death worldwide. Macrophages play an important role in inflammatory responses, cell-cell communications, plaque growth and plaque rupture in atherosclerotic lesions. Here, we review the sources, functions and complex phenotypes of macrophages in the progression of atherosclerosis, and discuss the recent approaches in modulating macrophage phenotype and autophagy for atherosclerosis treatment. We then focus on the drug delivery strategies that target macrophages or use macrophage membrane-coated particles to deliver therapeutics to the lesion sites. These biomaterial-based approaches that target, modulate or engineer macrophages have broad applications for disease therapies and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Crystal Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Chunli Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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49
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Huang X, Zeng Z, Li S, Xie Y, Tong X. The Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122760. [PMID: 36559254 PMCID: PMC9788260 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of systemic disorders threatening human health with complex pathogenesis, among which mitochondrial energy metabolism reprogramming has a critical role. Mitochondria are cell organelles that fuel the energy essential for biochemical reactions and maintain normal physiological functions of the body. Mitochondrial metabolic disorders are extensively involved in the progression of CVD, especially for energy-demanding organs such as the heart. Therefore, elucidating the role of mitochondrial metabolism in the progression of CVD is of great significance to further understand the pathogenesis of CVD and explore preventive and therapeutic methods. In this review, we discuss the major factors of mitochondrial metabolism and their potential roles in the prevention and treatment of CVD. The current application of mitochondria-targeted therapeutic agents in the treatment of CVD and advances in mitochondria-targeted gene therapy technologies are also overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Biomedical Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Yufei Xie
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaoyong Tong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
- Correspondence:
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50
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The intracellular signaling pathways governing macrophage activation and function in human atherosclerosis. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1673-1682. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20220441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lipid accumulation and plaque formation in arterial vessel walls. Atherosclerotic plaques narrow the arterial lumen to increase the risk of heart attacks, ischemic stroke and peripheral vascular disease, which are major and worldwide health and economic burdens. Macrophage accumulation within plaques is characteristic of all stages of atherosclerosis and their presence is a potential marker of disease activity and plaque stability. Macrophages engulf lipids and modified lipoproteins to form foam cells that express pro-inflammatory and chemotactic effector molecules, stress inducing factors and reactive oxygen species. They control plaque stability and rupture through secretion of metalloproteinases and extracellular matrix degradation. Although macrophages can worsen disease by propagating inflammation, they can stabilize atherosclerotic plaques through tissue remodeling, promoting the formation of a fibrous cap, clearing apoptotic cells to prevent necrotic core formation and through vascular repair. In atherosclerosis, macrophages respond to dyslipidaemia, cytokines, dying cells, metabolic factors, lipids, physical stimuli and epigenetic factors and exhibit heterogeneity in their activation depending on the stimuli they receive. Understanding these signals and the pathways driving macrophage function within developing and established plaques and how they can be pharmacologically modulated, represents a strategy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. This review focusses on the current understanding of factors controlling macrophage heterogeneity and function in atherosclerosis. Particular attention is given to the macrophage intracellular signaling pathways and transcription factors activated by biochemical and biophysical stimuli within plaques, and how they are integrated to regulate plaque formation and stability.
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