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Lu H, Suo Z, Lin J, Cong Y, Liu Z. Monocyte-macrophages modulate intestinal homeostasis in inflammatory bowel disease. Biomark Res 2024; 12:76. [PMID: 39095853 PMCID: PMC11295551 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocytes and macrophages play an indispensable role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and modulating mucosal immune responses in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although numerous studies have described macrophage properties in IBD, the underlying mechanisms whereby the monocyte-macrophage lineage modulates intestinal homeostasis during gut inflammation remain elusive. MAIN BODY In this review, we decipher the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the generation of intestinal mucosal macrophages and fill the knowledge gap in understanding the origin, maturation, classification, and functions of mucosal macrophages in intestinal niches, particularly the phagocytosis and bactericidal effects involved in the elimination of cell debris and pathogens. We delineate macrophage-mediated immunoregulation in the context of producing pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, toxic mediators, and macrophage extracellular traps (METs), and participating in the modulation of epithelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis in the intestine and its accessory tissues. Moreover, we emphasize that the maturation of intestinal macrophages is arrested at immature stage during IBD, and the deficiency of MCPIP1 involves in the process via ATF3-AP1S2 signature. In addition, we confirmed the origin potential of IL-1B+ macrophages and defined C1QB+ macrophages as mature macrophages. The interaction crosstalk between the intestine and the mesentery has been described in this review, and the expression of mesentery-derived SAA2 is upregulated during IBD, which contributes to immunoregulation of macrophage. Moreover, we also highlight IBD-related susceptibility genes (e.g., RUNX3, IL21R, GTF2I, and LILRB3) associated with the maturation and functions of macrophage, which provide promising therapeutic opportunities for treating human IBD. CONCLUSION In summary, this review provides a comprehensive, comprehensive, in-depth and novel description of the characteristics and functions of macrophages in IBD, and highlights the important role of macrophages in the molecular and cellular process during IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475000, China
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhimin Suo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Center for Human Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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2
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Öhnstedt E, Doñas C, Parv K, Pang Y, Lofton Tomenius H, Carrasco López M, Gannavarapu VR, Choi J, Ovezik M, Frank P, Jorvid M, Roos S, Vågesjö E, Phillipson M. Oral administration of CXCL12-expressing Limosilactobacillus reuteri improves colitis by local immunomodulatory actions in preclinical models. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G140-G153. [PMID: 38780469 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00022.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Treatments of colitis, inflammation of the intestine, rely on induction of immune suppression associated with systemic adverse events, including recurrent infections. This treatment strategy is specifically problematic in the increasing population of patients with cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced colitis, as immune suppression also interferes with the ICI-treatment response. Thus, there is a need for local-acting treatments that reduce inflammation and enhance intestinal healing. Here, we investigated the effect and safety of bacterial delivery of short-lived immunomodulating chemokines to the inflamed intestine in mice with colitis. Colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) alone or in combination with ICI (anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA-4), and Limosilactobacillus reuteri R2LC (L. reuteri R2LC) genetically modified to express the chemokine CXCL12-1α (R2LC_CXCL12, emilimogene sigulactibac) was given perorally. In addition, the pharmacology and safety of the formulated drug candidate, ILP100-Oral, were evaluated in rabbits. Peroral CXCL12-producing L. reuteri R2LC significantly improved colitis symptoms already after 2 days in mice with overt DSS and ICI-induced colitis, which in benchmarking experiments was demonstrated to be superior to treatments with anti-TNF-α, anti-α4β7, and corticosteroids. The mechanism of action involved chemokine delivery to Peyer's patches (PPs), confirmed by local CXCR4 signaling, and increased numbers of colonic, regulatory immune cells expressing IL-10 and TGF-β1. No systemic exposure or engraftment could be detected in mice, and product feasibility, pharmacology, and safety were confirmed in rabbits. In conclusion, peroral CXCL12-producing L. reuteri R2LC efficiently ameliorates colitis, enhances mucosal healing, and has a favorable safety profile.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Colitis symptoms are efficiently reduced by peroral administration of probiotic bacteria genetically modified to deliver CXCL12 locally to the inflamed intestine in several mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Öhnstedt
- Ilya Pharma AB, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Hava Lofton Tomenius
- Ilya Pharma AB, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Venkata Ram Gannavarapu
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jacueline Choi
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Ovezik
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Stefan Roos
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agriculture, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Evelina Vågesjö
- Ilya Pharma AB, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mia Phillipson
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- The Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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3
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O'Guinn ML, Handler DA, Hsieh JJ, Mallicote MU, Feliciano K, Gayer CP. FXR deletion attenuates intestinal barrier dysfunction in murine acute intestinal inflammation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G175-G187. [PMID: 38860296 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00063.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating literature suggests that the farnesoid-X receptor (FXR), a nuclear bile acid receptor best known for its role in bile acid homeostasis, is also a potent context-dependent regulator of inflammation. FXR may thus be relevant to several intestinal disease states including inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis. In this study, we tested the effects of FXR deletion on acute murine intestinal inflammation. We found that FXR knockout (KO) mice were protected from intestinal injury and barrier dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection, dithizone (DI)/Klebsiella, and cecal ligation/puncture models. In the LPS model, RNA sequencing and qPCR analysis showed that this protection correlated with substantial reduction in LPS-induced proinflammatory gene expression, including lower tissue levels of Il1a, Il1b, and Tnf. Examining functional effects on the epithelium, we found that LPS-induced tight junctional disruption as assessed by internalization of ZO-1 and occludin was ameliorated in FXR KO animals. Taken together, these data suggest a role for FXR in the intestinal barrier during inflammatory injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Intestinal barrier failure is a hallmark in gut-origin sepsis. We demonstrate that the intestinal barriers of farnesoid-X receptor (FXR) knockout (KO) animals are protected from inflammatory insult using multiple models of acute intestinal inflammation. This protection is due to decreased inflammatory cytokine production and maintenance of tight junctional architecture seen within the KO animals. This is the first report of FXR deletion being protective to the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- MaKayla L O'Guinn
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - David A Handler
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jonathan J Hsieh
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Michael U Mallicote
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Karina Feliciano
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Christopher P Gayer
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States
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4
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Yi K, An L, Qi Y, Yang T, Duan Y, Zhao X, Zhang P, Huang X, Su X, Tang Z, Sun D. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) promotes recovery from postoperative ileus and the repair of the injured intestinal barrier through mast cell-nerve crosstalk. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112316. [PMID: 38823183 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the neuroimmune mechanisms implicated in the enhancement of gastrointestinal function through the administration of oral DHA. Mast cell-deficient mice (KitW-sh) and C57BL/6 mice were used to establish postoperative ileus (POI) models. To further validate our findings, we conducted noncontact coculture experiments involving dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells, bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) and T84 cells. Furthermore, the results obtained from investigations conducted on animals and cells were subsequently validated through clinical trials. The administration of oral DHA had ameliorative effects on intestinal barrier injury and postoperative ileus. In a mechanistic manner, the anti-inflammatory effect of DHA was achieved through the activation of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) on DRG cells, resulting in the stabilization of mast cells and increasing interleukin 10 (IL-10) secretion in mast cells. Furthermore, the activation of the pro-repair WNT1-inducible signaling protein 1 (WISP-1) signaling pathways by mast cell-derived IL-10 resulted in an enhancement of the intestinal barrier integrity. The current study demonstrated that the neuroimmune interaction between mast cells and nerves played a crucial role in the process of oral DHA improving the intestinal barrier integrity of POI, which further triggered the activation of CREB/WISP-1 signaling in intestinal mucosal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqian Yi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Liya An
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yuxing Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yongqing Duan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Xingzong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Xianming Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Zhiyi Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.
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5
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Brown ND, Vomhof-DeKrey EE. Focal Adhesion Kinase and Colony Stimulating Factors: Intestinal Homeostasis and Innate Immunity Crosstalk. Cells 2024; 13:1178. [PMID: 39056760 PMCID: PMC11274384 DOI: 10.3390/cells13141178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Thousands struggle with acute and chronic intestinal injury due to various causes. Epithelial intestinal healing is dependent on phenotypic transitions to a mobile phenotype. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a ubiquitous protein that is essential for cell mobility. This phenotype change is mediated by FAK activation and proves to be a promising target for pharmaceutical intervention. While FAK is crucial for intestinal healing, new evidence connects FAK with innate immunity and the importance it plays in macrophage/monocyte chemotaxis, as well as other intracellular signaling cascades. These cascades play a part in macrophage/monocyte polarization, maturation, and inflammation that is associated with intestinal injury. Colony stimulating factors (CSFs) such as macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF/CSF-1) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF/CSF-2) play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis within intestinal mucosa by crosstalk capabilities between macrophages and epithelial cells. The communication between these cells is imperative in orchestrating healing upon injury. Diving deeper into these connections may allow us a greater insight into the role that our immune system plays in healing, as well as a better comprehension of inflammatory diseases of the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D. Brown
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA;
| | - Emilie E. Vomhof-DeKrey
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA;
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
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6
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Lethen I, Lechner-Grimm K, Gabel M, Knauss A, Atreya R, Neurath MF, Weigmann B. Tofacitinib Affects M1-like and M2-like Polarization and Tissue Factor Expression in Macrophages of Healthy Donors and IBD Patients. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:1151-1163. [PMID: 38142236 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tofacitinib, as inhibitor of Janus kinases (JAK), interrupts the transmission of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Therefore, tofacitinib provides a potent option to treat ulcerative colitis (UC). Besides the anti-inflammatory potential, inhibition of widespread JAKs carries the risk of side effects. Macrophages are involved in the form of different subtypes in inflammation, wound healing, and even coagulation. This study aimed to explore the balanced use of tofacitinib in M1-like as well as M2-like macrophages of healthy donors and patients with IBD. METHODS Monocytes of healthy donors and patients with chronic courses of IBD were obtained from blood samples. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-derived macrophages were treated with tofacitinib (1 µM, 5 µM, 10 µM) and polarized with either lipopolysaccharide and interferon (IFN)-γ towards M1-like-phenotype or with interleukin (IL)-4 towards M2-like-phenotype. ELISA and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cytokine levels and surface molecules. RESULTS Tofacitinib had a modulating effect on M1-like macrophages whereby the effect on pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-12, IL-23) was less pronounced than the induction of anti-inflammatory IL-10. However, during M2-like polarization tofacitinib impaired the development of the corresponding phenotype becoming evident through decreased IL-10 levels and CD206 expression in treated macrophages. In both phenotypes, tofacitinib strongly downregulated the expression of immunostimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86, CD83, CD40). Furthermore, a dose-dependent correlation between treatment with tofacitinib and expressed tissue factor was noticed. CONCLUSIONS Tofacitinib influences both polarizations (M1/M2) and the expression of tissue factor in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Lethen
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristina Lechner-Grimm
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen- Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Gabel
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annkathrin Knauss
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benno Weigmann
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen- Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Safaei M, Mohammadi H, Beddu S, Mozaffari HR, Rezaei R, Sharifi R, Moradpoor H, Fallahnia N, Ebadi M, Md Jamil MS, Md Zain AR, Yusop MR. Surface Topography Steer Soft Tissue Response and Antibacterial Function at the Transmucosal Region of Titanium Implant. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4835-4856. [PMID: 38828200 PMCID: PMC11141758 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s461549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Metallic dental implants have been extensively used in clinical practice due to their superior mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and aesthetic outcomes. However, their integration with the surrounding soft tissue at the mucosal region remains challenging and can cause implant failure due to the peri-implant immune microenvironment. The soft tissue integration of dental implants can be ameliorated through different surface modifications. This review discussed and summarized the current knowledge of topography-mediated immune response and topography-mediated antibacterial activity in Ti dental implants which enhance soft tissue integration and their clinical performance. For example, nanopillar-like topographies such as spinules, and spikes showed effective antibacterial activity in human salivary biofilm which was due to the lethal stretching of bacterial membrane between the nanopillars. The key findings of this review were (I) cross-talk between surface nanotopography and soft tissue integration in which the surface nanotopography can guide the perpendicular orientation of collagen fibers into connective tissue which leads to the stability of soft tissue, (II) nanotubular array could shift the macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) and manipulate the balance of osteogenesis/osteoclasia, and (III) surface nanotopography can provide specific sites for the loading of antibacterial agents and metallic nanoparticles of clinical interest functionalizing the implant surface. Silver-containing nanotubular topography significantly decreased the formation of fibrous encapsulation in per-implant soft tissue and showed synergistic antifungal and antibacterial properties. Although the Ti implants with surface nanotopography have shown promising in targeting soft tissue healing in vitro and in vivo through their immunomodulatory and antibacterial properties, however, long-term in vivo studies need to be conducted particularly in osteoporotic, and diabetic patients to ensure their desired performance with immunomodulatory and antibacterial properties. The optimization of product development is another challenging issue for its clinical translation, as the dental implant with surface nanotopography must endure implantation and operation inside the dental microenvironment. Finally, the sustainable release of metallic nanoparticles could be challenging to reduce cytotoxicity while augmenting the therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Safaei
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Advanced Dental Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Mohammadi
- Biomaterials Research Group, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang, 14300, Malaysia
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM UNITEN, Kajang, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Salmia Beddu
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM UNITEN, Kajang, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Hamid Reza Mozaffari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Razieh Rezaei
- Advanced Dental Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roohollah Sharifi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hedaiat Moradpoor
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nima Fallahnia
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mona Ebadi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Suzeren Md Jamil
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Rifqi Md Zain
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Rahimi Yusop
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
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8
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Hu X, Yuan X, Zhang G, Song H, Ji P, Guo Y, Liu Z, Tian Y, Shen R, Wang D. The intestinal epithelial-macrophage-crypt stem cell axis plays a crucial role in regulating and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Life Sci 2024; 344:122452. [PMID: 38462226 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal tract plays a vital role in both digestion and immunity, making its equilibrium crucial for overall health. This equilibrium relies on the dynamic interplay among intestinal epithelial cells, macrophages, and crypt stem cells. Intestinal epithelial cells play a pivotal role in protecting and regulating the gut. They form vital barriers, modulate immune responses, and engage in pathogen defense and cytokine secretion. Moreover, they supervise the regulation of intestinal stem cells. Macrophages, serving as immune cells, actively influence the immune response through the phagocytosis of pathogens and the release of cytokines. They also contribute to regulating intestinal stem cells. Stem cells, known for their self-renewal and differentiation abilities, play a vital role in repairing damaged intestinal epithelium and maintaining homeostasis. Although research has primarily concentrated on the connections between epithelial and stem cells, interactions with macrophages have been less explored. This review aims to fill this gap by exploring the roles of the intestinal epithelial-macrophage-crypt stem cell axis in maintaining intestinal balance. It seeks to unravel the intricate dynamics and regulatory mechanisms among these essential players. A comprehensive understanding of these cell types' functions and interactions promises insights into intestinal homeostasis regulation. Moreover, it holds potential for innovative approaches to manage conditions like radiation-induced intestinal injury, inflammatory bowel disease, and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Guokun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Haoyun Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Pengfei Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Yanan Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Zihua Liu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China
| | - Yixiao Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China.
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Gu Y, Gao L, He J, Luo M, Hu M, Lin Y, Li J, Hou T, Si J, Yu Y. β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation prolongs the lifespan of prematurely aged mice and protects colon function in ageing mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:3199-3213. [PMID: 38445897 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05221d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is defined as the degeneration of physiological functions in numerous tissues and organs of an organism, which occurs with age. As we age, the gut undergoes a series of changes and weaknesses that may contribute to overall ageing. Emerging evidence suggests that β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) plays a role in regulating intestinal function, but there is still a lack of literature on its role in maintaining the colon health of ageing mice. In our research, Zmpste24-/- mice proved that NMN prolonged their life span and delayed senescence. This study was designed to investigate the effects of long-term intervention on regulating colon function in ageing mice. Our results indicated that NMN improved the pathology of intestinal epithelial cells and intestinal permeability by upregulating the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins and the number of goblet cells, increasing the release of anti-inflammatory factors, and increasing beneficial intestinal bacteria. NMN increased the expression of the proteins SIRT1, NMNAT2, and NMNAT3 and decreased the expression of the protein P53. It also regulated the activity of ISCs by increasing Wnt/β-catenin and Lgr5. Our findings also revealed that NMN caused a significant increase in the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum and notable differences in metabolic pathways related to choline metabolism in cancer. In summary, NMN supplementation can delay frailty in old age, aid healthy ageing, and delay gut ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrou Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou325035, China.
| | - Lidan Gao
- Department of Scientific Research Center, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wenzhou325035, China
| | - Jiamin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China.
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Man Luo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Mei Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou325035, China.
| | - Yuxian Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou325035, China.
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou325035, China.
| | - Tongyao Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China.
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Jianmin Si
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China.
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Yingcong Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou325035, China.
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10
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Céspedes N, Donnelly EL, Hansten G, Fellows AM, Dobson M, Kaylor HL, Coles TA, Schauer J, Van de Water J, Luckhart S. Mast cell-derived IL-10 protects intestinal barrier integrity during malaria in mice and regulates parasite transmission to Anopheles stephensi with a female-biased immune response. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0036023. [PMID: 38299826 PMCID: PMC10929420 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00360-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Malaria is strongly predisposed to bacteremia, which is associated with increased gastrointestinal permeability and a poor clinical prognosis. We previously identified mast cells (MCs) as mediators of intestinal permeability in malaria and described multiple cytokines that rise with parasitemia, including interleukin (IL)-10, which could protect the host from an inflammatory response and alter parasite transmission to Anopheles mosquitoes. Here, we used the Cre-loxP system and non-lethal Plasmodium yoelii yoelii 17XNL to study the roles of MC-derived IL-10 in malaria immunity and transmission. Our data suggest a sex-biased and local inflammatory response mediated by MC-derived IL-10, supported by early increased number and activation of MCs in females relative to males. Increased parasitemia in female MC IL-10 (-) mice was associated with increased ileal levels of chemokines and plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO). We also observed increased intestinal permeability in female and male MC IL-10 (-) mice relative to MC IL-10 (+) mice but no differences in blood bacterial 16S DNA levels. Transmission success of P. yoelii to A. stephensi was higher in female relative to male mice and from female and male MC IL-10 (-) mice relative to MC IL-10 (+) mice. These patterns were associated with increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in female MC IL-10 (-) mice and increased plasma levels of chemokines and markers of neutrophil activation in male MC IL-10 (-) mice. Overall, these data suggest that MC-derived IL-10 protects intestinal barrier integrity, regulates parasite transmission, and controls local and systemic host immune responses during malaria, with a female bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Céspedes
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Erinn L. Donnelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Gretchen Hansten
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Abigail M. Fellows
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Megan Dobson
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Hannah L. Kaylor
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Taylor A. Coles
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Joseph Schauer
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Judy Van de Water
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Shirley Luckhart
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
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11
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Aravindhan V, Yuvaraj S. Immune-endocrine network in diabetes-tuberculosis nexus: does latent tuberculosis infection confer protection against meta-inflammation and insulin resistance? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1303338. [PMID: 38327565 PMCID: PMC10848915 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1303338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis patients with diabetes, have higher sputum bacillary load, delayed sputum conversion, higher rates of drug resistance, higher lung cavitary involvement and extra-pulmonary TB infection, which is called as "Diabetes-Tuberculosis Nexus". However, recently we have shown a reciprocal relationship between latent tuberculosis infection and insulin resistance, which has not been reported before. In this review, we would first discuss about the immune-endocrine network, which operates during pre-diabetes and incipient diabetes and how it confers protection against LTBI. The ability of IR to augment anti-TB immunity and the immunomodulatory effect of LTBI to quench IR were discussed, under IR-LTB antagonism. The ability of diabetes to impair anti-TB immunity and ability of active TB to worsen glycemic control, were discussed under "Diabetes-Tuberculosis Synergy". The concept of "Fighter Genes" and how they confer protection against TB but susceptibility to IR was elaborated. Finally, we conclude with an evolutionary perspective about how IR and LTBI co-evolved in endemic zones, and have explained the molecular basis of "IR-LTB" Antagonism" and "DM-TB Synergy", from an evolutionary perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekanandhan Aravindhan
- Department of Genetics, Dr Arcot Lakshmanasamy Mudaliyar Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (Dr ALM PG IBMS), University of Madras, Chennai, India
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12
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Zheremyan EA, Ustiugova AS, Karamushka NM, Uvarova AN, Stasevich EM, Bogolyubova AV, Kuprash DV, Korneev KV. Breg-Mediated Immunoregulation in the Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:583. [PMID: 38203754 PMCID: PMC10778726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process involving a coordinated series of events aimed at restoring tissue integrity and function. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are a subset of B lymphocytes that play an essential role in fine-tuning immune responses and maintaining immune homeostasis. Recent studies have suggested that Bregs are important players in cutaneous immunity. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of Bregs in skin immunity in health and pathology, such as diabetes, psoriasis, systemic sclerosis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, cutaneous hypersensitivity, pemphigus, and dermatomyositis. We discuss the mechanisms by which Bregs maintain tissue homeostasis in the wound microenvironment through the promotion of angiogenesis, suppression of effector cells, and induction of regulatory immune cells. We also mention the potential clinical applications of Bregs in promoting wound healing, such as the use of adoptive Breg transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina A. Zheremyan
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina S. Ustiugova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nina M. Karamushka
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aksinya N. Uvarova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M. Stasevich
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Dmitry V. Kuprash
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill V. Korneev
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- National Research Center for Hematology, 125167 Moscow, Russia
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13
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Bui I, Bonavida B. Polarization of M2 Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer Immunotherapy. Crit Rev Oncog 2024; 29:75-95. [PMID: 38989739 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2024053830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
We have witnessed in the last decade new milestones in the treatment of various resistant cancers with new immunotherapeutic modalities. These advances have resulted in significant objective durable clinical responses in a subset of cancer patients. These findings strongly suggested that immunotherapy should be considered for the treatment of all subsets of cancer patients. Accordingly, the mechanisms underlying resistance to immunotherapy must be explored and develop new means to target these resistant factors. One of the pivotal resistance mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is the high infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that are highly immunosuppressive and responsible, in large part, of cancer immune evasion. Thus, various approaches have been investigated to target the TAMs to restore the anti-tumor immune response. One approach is to polarize the M2 TAMS to the M1 phenotype that participates in the activation of the anti-tumor response. In this review, we discuss the various and differential properties of the M1 and M2 phenotypes, the molecular signaling pathways that participate in the polarization, and various approaches used to target the polarization of the M2 TAMs into the M1 anti-tumor phenotype. These approaches include inhibitors of histone deacetylases, PI3K inhibitors, STAT3 inhibitors, TLR agonists, and metabolic reprogramming. Clearly, due to the distinct features of various cancers and their heterogeneities, a single approach outlined above might only be effective against some cancers and not others. In addition, targeting by itself may not be efficacious unless used in combination with other therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indy Bui
- University of California Los Angeles
| | - Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Johnson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025-1747, USA
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14
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Dai J, Hu Z, Zeng F, Gong X, Tang H, Deng J, Li J, Dong S. Osteoclast-derived exosomal miR-212-3p suppressed the anabolism and accelerated the catabolism of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis by targeting TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 751:109827. [PMID: 38000494 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common aging-related disease affecting entire joint structures, encompassing articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Although senescence and dysfunction of chondrocytes are considered crucial factors in the occurrence of OA, the exact pathogenesis remains to be investigated. In our study, chondrocytes were incubated with a conditioned medium obtained from osteoclasts at different differentiation stages, suggesting that osteoclasts and osteoclast precursors suppressed anabolism and promoted the catabolism of chondrocytes in vitro. In contrast, the function of osteoclasts was more significant than osteoclast precursors. Further blocking of osteoclast exosome secretion by using GW4869 abolished the effect of osteoclasts on chondrocytes. Functionally, exosomal transfer of osteoclast-derived miR-212-3p inhibited Smad2 to mediate chondrocyte dysfunction, thus accelerating cartilage matrix degradation in OA via TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling. The mechanism was also confirmed within the articular cartilage in OA patients and surgery-induced OA mice. Our study provides new information on intercellular interactions in the bone microenvironment within articular cartilage and subchondral bone during OA progression. The miR-212-3p/Smad2 axis is a potential target for the prevention and therapy of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjin Dai
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoyang Hu
- Department of Burns, the 921th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Changsha, China
| | - Fanchun Zeng
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoshan Gong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiezhong Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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15
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Marzoog BA. Cytokines and Regulating Epithelial Cell Division. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:190-200. [PMID: 38213162 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501279979240101051345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Physiologically, cytokines play an extremely important role in maintaining cellular and subcellular homeostasis, as they interact almost with every cell in the organism. Therefore, cytokines play a significantly critical role in the field of pathogenic pharmacological therapy of different types of pathologies. Cytokine is a large family containing many subfamilies and can be evaluated into groups according to their action on epithelial cell proliferation; stimulatory include transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), Interlukine-22 (IL-22), IL-13, IL-6, IL-1RA and IL-17 and inhibitory include IL-1α, interferon type I (IFN type I), and TGF-β. The balance between stimulatory and inhibitory cytokines is essential for maintaining normal epithelial cell turnover and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of cytokine production can contribute to various pathological conditions, including inflammatory disorders, tissue damage, and cancer. Several cytokines have shown the ability to affect programmed cell death (apoptosis) and the capability to suppress non-purpose cell proliferation. Clinically, understanding the role of cytokines' role in epithelial tissue is crucial for evaluating a novel therapeutic target that can be of use as a new tactic in the management of carcinomas and tissue healing capacity. The review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of current knowledge regarding the multifaceted effects of cytokines on epithelial cell proliferation, with a particular emphasis on the intestinal epithelium. Also, the paper will highlight the diverse signaling pathways activated by cytokines and their downstream consequences on epithelial cell division. It will also explore the potential therapeutic implications of targeting cytokine- epithelial cell interactions in the context of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basheer Abdullah Marzoog
- World-Class Research Center «Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare», I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
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16
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Gorreja F, Bendix M, Rush STA, Maasfeh L, Savolainen O, Dige A, Agnholt J, Öhman L, Magnusson MK. Fecal Supernatants from Patients with Crohn's Disease Induce Inflammatory Alterations in M2 Macrophages and Fibroblasts. Cells 2023; 13:60. [PMID: 38201264 PMCID: PMC10777926 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal macrophages and fibroblasts act as microenvironmental sentinels mediating inflammation and disease progression in Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to establish the effects of fecal supernatants (FSs) from patients with CD on macrophage and fibroblast phenotype and function. FS were obtained by ultracentrifugation, and the metabolites were analyzed. Monocyte-derived M2 macrophages and fibroblasts were conditioned with FS, and secreted proteins, surface proteins and gene expression were analyzed. M2 macrophage efferocytosis was evaluated. Patients with CD (n = 15) had a skewed fecal metabolite profile compared to healthy subjects (HS, n = 10). FS from CD patients (CD-FS) induced an anti-inflammatory response in M2 macrophages with higher expression of IL-10, IL1RA and CD206 as compared to healthy FS (HS-FS) while the efferocytotic capacity was unaltered. CD-FS did not affect extracellular matrix production from fibroblasts, but increased expression of the pro-inflammatory proteins IL-6 and MCP-1. Conditioned media from M2 macrophages treated with CD-FS modulated gene expression in fibroblasts for TGFβ superfamily members and reduced IL-4 expression compared to HS-FS. We show that M2 macrophages and fibroblasts react abnormally to the fecal microenvironment of CD patients, resulting in altered protein expression related to inflammation but not fibrosis. This implies that the gut microbiota and its metabolites have an important role in the generation and/or perpetuation of inflammation in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Gorreja
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (F.G.); (S.T.A.R.); (L.M.); (L.Ö.)
| | - Mia Bendix
- Medical Department, Randers Regional Hospital, 8930 Randers, Denmark;
| | - Stephen T. A. Rush
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (F.G.); (S.T.A.R.); (L.M.); (L.Ö.)
| | - Lujain Maasfeh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (F.G.); (S.T.A.R.); (L.M.); (L.Ö.)
| | - Otto Savolainen
- Chalmers Mass Spectrometry Infrastructure, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Anders Dige
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (A.D.); (J.A.)
| | - Jorgen Agnholt
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (A.D.); (J.A.)
| | - Lena Öhman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (F.G.); (S.T.A.R.); (L.M.); (L.Ö.)
| | - Maria K. Magnusson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (F.G.); (S.T.A.R.); (L.M.); (L.Ö.)
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17
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Hoagland DA, Rodríguez-Morales P, Mann AO, Yu S, Lai A, Vazquez AB, Pope SD, Lim J, Li S, Zhang X, Li MO, Medzhitov R, Franklin RA. Macrophages control pathological interferon responses during viral respiratory infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.16.572019. [PMID: 38168230 PMCID: PMC10760173 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.16.572019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Antiviral immune mediators, including interferons and their downstream effectors, are critical for host defense yet can become detrimental when uncontrolled. Here, we identify a macrophage-mediated anti-inflammatory mechanism that limits type I interferon (IFN-I) responses. Specifically, we found that cellular stress and pathogen recognition induce Oncostatin M (OSM) production by macrophages. OSM-deficient mice succumbed to challenge with influenza or a viral mimic due to heightened IFN-I activation. Macrophage-derived OSM restricted excessive IFN-I production by lung epithelial cells following viral stimulation. Furthermore, reconstitution of OSM in the respiratory tract was sufficient to protect mice lacking macrophage-derived OSM against morbidity, indicating the importance of local OSM production. This work reveals a host strategy to dampen inflammation in the lung through the negative regulation of IFN-I by macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuang Yu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alicia Lai
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Scott D. Pope
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaechul Lim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT, USA
- Current affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University; Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shun Li
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Ming O. Li
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ruth A. Franklin
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University; Cambridge, MA, USA
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18
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Zhang H, Wang X, Zhang J, He Y, Yang X, Nie Y, Sun L. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and gut resident macrophages in inflammatory bowel disease. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:382-392. [PMID: 38130639 PMCID: PMC10732497 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2023-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages residing in the gut maintain gut homeostasis by orchestrating patho-gens and innocuous antigens. A disturbance in macrophages leads to gut inflamma-tion, causing conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Macrophages ex-hibit remarkable plasticity, as they are sensitive to various signals in the tissue micro-environment. During the recent decades, gut microbiota has been highlighted refer-ring to their critical roles in immunity response. Microbiome-derived metabolites and products can interact with macrophages to participate in the progression of IBD. In this review, we describe recent findings in this field and provide an overview of the current understanding of microbiota-macrophages interactions in IBD, which may lead to the development of new targets and treatment options for patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaaxi Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Re-search of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaaxi Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaaxi Province, China
| | - Yixuan He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaaxi Province, China
| | - Xiumin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaaxi Province, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaaxi Province, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaaxi Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaaxi Province, China
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19
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Ahmad R, Kumar B, Thapa I, Tamang RL, Yadav SK, Washington MK, Talmon GA, Yu AS, Bastola DK, Dhawan P, Singh AB. Claudin-2 protects against colitis-associated cancer by promoting colitis-associated mucosal healing. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170771. [PMID: 37815870 PMCID: PMC10688979 DOI: 10.1172/jci170771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are susceptible to colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Chronic inflammation promotes the risk for CAC. In contrast, mucosal healing predicts improved prognosis in IBD and reduced risk of CAC. However, the molecular integration among colitis, mucosal healing, and CAC remains poorly understood. Claudin-2 (CLDN2) expression is upregulated in IBD; however, its role in CAC is not known. The current study was undertaken to examine the role for CLDN2 in CAC. The AOM/DSS-induced CAC model was used with WT and CLDN2-modified mice. High-throughput expression analyses, murine models of colitis/recovery, chronic colitis, ex vivo crypt culture, and pharmacological manipulations were employed in order to increase our mechanistic understanding. The Cldn2KO mice showed significant inhibition of CAC despite severe colitis compared with WT littermates. Cldn2 loss also resulted in impaired recovery from colitis and increased injury when mice were subjected to intestinal injury by other methods. Mechanistic studies demonstrated a possibly novel role of CLDN2 in promotion of mucosal healing downstream of EGFR signaling and by regulation of Survivin expression. An upregulated CLDN2 expression protected from CAC and associated positively with crypt regeneration and Survivin expression in patients with IBD. We demonstrate a potentially novel role of CLDN2 in promotion of mucosal healing in patients with IBD and thus regulation of vulnerability to colitis severity and CAC, which can be exploited for improved clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Balawant Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ishwor Thapa
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Raju Lama Tamang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Santosh K. Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Mary K. Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Geoffrey A. Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Alan S. Yu
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Dhundy K. Bastola
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Amar B. Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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20
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Rodríguez-Morales P, Franklin RA. Macrophage phenotypes and functions: resolving inflammation and restoring homeostasis. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:986-998. [PMID: 37940394 PMCID: PMC10841626 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation must be tightly regulated to both defend against pathogens and restore tissue homeostasis. The resolution of inflammatory responses is a dynamic process orchestrated by cells of the immune system. Macrophages, tissue-resident innate immune cells, are key players in modulating inflammation. Here, we review recent work highlighting the importance of macrophages in tissue resolution and the return to homeostasis. We propose that enhancing macrophage pro-resolution functions represents a novel and widely applicable therapeutic strategy to dampen inflammation, promote repair, and restore tissue integrity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth A Franklin
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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21
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Zhang FL, Hu Z, Wang YF, Zhang WJ, Zhou BW, Sun QS, Lin ZB, Liu KX. Organoids transplantation attenuates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice through L-Malic acid-mediated M2 macrophage polarization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6779. [PMID: 37880227 PMCID: PMC10600233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal organoid transplantation is a promising therapy for the treatment of mucosal injury. However, how the transplanted organoids regulate the immune microenvironment of recipient mice and their role in treating intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. Here, we establish a method for transplanting intestinal organoids into intestinal I/R mice. We find that transplantation improve mouse survival, promote self-renewal of intestinal stem cells and regulate the immune microenvironment after intestinal I/R, depending on the enhanced ability of macrophages polarized to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Specifically, we report that L-Malic acid (MA) is highly expressed and enriched in the organoids-derived conditioned medium and cecal contents of transplanted mice, demonstrating that organoids secrete MA during engraftment. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that MA induces M2 macrophage polarization and restores interleukin-10 levels in a SOCS2-dependent manner. This study provides a therapeutic strategy for intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ling Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bo-Wei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qi-Shun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ze-Bin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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22
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Nakata T, Li C, Mayassi T, Lin H, Ghosh K, Segerstolpe Å, Diamond EL, Herbst P, Biancalani T, Gaddam S, Parkar S, Lu Z, Jaiswal A, Li B, Creasey EA, Lefkovith A, Daly MJ, Graham DB, Xavier RJ. Genetic vulnerability to Crohn's disease reveals a spatially resolved epithelial restitution program. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadg5252. [PMID: 37878672 PMCID: PMC10798370 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg5252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Effective tissue repair requires coordinated intercellular communication to sense damage, remodel the tissue, and restore function. Here, we dissected the healing response in the intestinal mucosa by mapping intercellular communication at single-cell resolution and integrating with spatial transcriptomics. We demonstrated that a risk variant for Crohn's disease, hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFAC) Arg509His (R509H), disrupted a damage-sensing pathway connecting the coagulation cascade to growth factors that drive the differentiation of wound-associated epithelial (WAE) cells and production of a localized retinoic acid (RA) gradient to promote fibroblast-mediated tissue remodeling. Specifically, we showed that HGFAC R509H was activated by thrombin protease activity but exhibited impaired proteolytic activation of the growth factor macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP). In Hgfac R509H mice, reduced MSP activation in response to wounding of the colon resulted in impaired WAE cell induction and delayed healing. Through integration of single-cell transcriptomics and spatial transcriptomics, we demonstrated that WAE cells generated RA in a spatially restricted region of the wound site and that mucosal fibroblasts responded to this signal by producing extracellular matrix and growth factors. We further dissected this WAE cell-fibroblast signaling circuit in vitro using a genetically tractable organoid coculture model. Collectively, these studies exploited a genetic perturbation associated with human disease to disrupt a fundamental biological process and then reconstructed a spatially resolved mechanistic model of tissue healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Nakata
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chenhao Li
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Toufic Mayassi
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Helen Lin
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Koushik Ghosh
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Åsa Segerstolpe
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Emma L. Diamond
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Paula Herbst
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ziqing Lu
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Alok Jaiswal
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Bihua Li
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Creasey
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ariel Lefkovith
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mark J. Daly
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel B. Graham
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ramnik J. Xavier
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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23
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Sharifkhodaei Z, Liu CY, Girish N, Huang Y, Punit S, Washington MK, Polk DB. Colitis-induced upregulation of tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 (TNFR2) terminates epithelial regenerative signaling to restore homeostasis. iScience 2023; 26:107829. [PMID: 37736049 PMCID: PMC10510063 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonic epithelial repair is a key determinant of health. Repair involves changes in epithelial differentiation, an extensive proliferative response, and upregulation of regeneration-associated "fetal-like" transcripts, including Ly6a (Sca-1), that represent Yap1 and interferon targets. However, little is known about how this regenerative program terminates and how homeostasis is restored during injury and inflammation. Here we show that, after the initial entry into the regenerative state, the subsequent upregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 2 (R2, TNFR2, Tnfrsf1b) clears the regenerative signaling and restores homeostatic patterns of epithelial differentiation. Targeted deletion of epithelial TNFR2 in vivo and in colonoid cultures revealed persistent expression of Ly6a, hyperproliferation, and reduced secretory differentiation. Moreover, mice lacking epithelial TNFR2 also failed to complete colon ulcer healing, suggesting that partial resolution of regenerative signaling is essential for the completion of the repair process. These results demonstrate how epithelial cells dynamically leverage a colitis-associated cytokine to choreograph repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Sharifkhodaei
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Cambrian Y. Liu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nandini Girish
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- The Saban Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology Nutrition, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shivesh Punit
- The Saban Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology Nutrition, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M. Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - D. Brent Polk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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24
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Yang W, Zhang X, Qi L, Wang Z, Wu W, Feng W, Gu Y. Colon-targeted EMSCs conditional medium hydrogel for treatment of ulcerative colitis in mice. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:065010. [PMID: 37722391 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acfadb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Oral ecto-mesenchymal stem cells-conditional medium (EMSCs-CM) is a promising strategy for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, this therapy is currently limited by the harsh gastrointestinal environment and poor colonic targeting ability. Herein, a glutamine transaminase 2 (TG2) crosslinked EMSCs-CM hydrogel (EMSCs-CM-Gel) was fabricated by combining EMSCs-CM with negatively chargedγ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) hydrogel. Intestinal epithelial cell 6 (IEC-6) was applied to construct a cell model with lipopolysaccharide to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of EMSCs-CMin vitro. The crosslinked gel was orally administered to mice in liquid form to access the effects of EMSCs-CM-Gelin vivo. This study was based on the fact that the hydrogel containing EMSCs-CM has negative charges, which ensure it remains at the positively charged inflamed colon tissue. The EMSCs-CM could continuously be released in the damaged colon mucosa along with the degradation of theγ-PGA hydrogel. Immunofluorescence and western blot were performed to assess the effects of EMSCs-CM-Gel on mice. The resultsin vivoshowed that EMSCs-CM-Gel could significantly suppress the expression of inflammatory cytokines, prevent the shortening of the length of the intestine and repair the intestinal barrier. Collectively, our findings provided a novel colon-targeted strategy, hoping to benefit UC patients a lot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuyao Qi
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijiang Wu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Feng
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahan Gu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
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25
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Garcia-Hernandez V, Raya-Sandino A, Azcutia V, Miranda J, Kelm M, Flemming S, Birkl D, Quiros M, Brazil JC, Parkos CA, Nusrat A. Inhibition of Soluble Stem Cell Factor Promotes Intestinal Mucosal Repair. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1133-1144. [PMID: 36688460 PMCID: PMC10320368 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidences of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are escalating worldwide and can be considered a global public health problem. Given that the gold standard approach to IBD therapeutics focuses on reducing the severity of symptoms, there is an urgent unmet need to develop alternative therapies that halt not only inflammatory processes but also promote mucosal repair. Previous studies have identified increased stem cell factor (SCF) expression in inflamed intestinal mucosal tissues. However, the role that SCF plays in mediating intestinal inflammation and repair has not been explored. METHODS Changes in the expression of SCF were evaluated in the colonic tissue of healthy mice and during dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Furthermore, mucosal wound healing and colitis severity were analyzed in mice subjected to either mechanical biopsy or DSS treatment, respectively, following intestinal epithelial cell-specific deletion of SCF or anti-SCF antibody administration. RESULTS We report robust expression of SCF by intestinal epithelial cells during intestinal homeostasis with a switch to immune cell-produced SCF during colitis. Data from mice with intestinal epithelial cell-specific deletion of SCF highlight the importance of immune cell-produced SCF in driving the pathogenesis of colitis. Importantly, antibody-mediated neutralization of total SCF or the specific SCF248 isoform decreased immune cell infiltration and enhanced mucosal wound repair following biopsy-induced colonic injury or DSS-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that SCF functions as a pro-inflammatory mediator in mucosal tissues and that specific neutralization of SCF248 could be a viable therapeutic option to reduce intestinal inflammation and promote mucosal wound repair in individuals with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arturo Raya-Sandino
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Veronica Azcutia
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jael Miranda
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthias Kelm
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sven Flemming
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dorothee Birkl
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Miguel Quiros
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer C Brazil
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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26
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Lai W, Xian C, Chen M, Luo D, Zheng J, Zhao S, Li XG. Single-cell and bulk transcriptomics reveals M2d macrophages as a potential therapeutic strategy for mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110509. [PMID: 37369160 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal healing is essential for treating ulcerative colitis (UC), which results from imbalanced macrophage polarization and dysregulated inflammatory responses. However, the mechanisms of cellular communication and signal transduction that regulate mucosal healing among macrophage subtypes require further investigation. We use bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis to reveal that macrophage subtypes vary in different UC states. At the same time, chemokine and angiogenesis signaling is strongly associated with M2 macrophage's infiltrated proportion. To get more insight into subtypes of macrophages in mucosal healing, we divided macrophages into M1, M2b, and M2d macrophages. Based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between M2d and M1 macrophages, KEGG and GO analysis highlights M2d macrophages' ability to alleviate inflammation and promote epithelial healing. Trajectory analysis revealed opposite differentiation of macrophage subsets between UC and healthy groups, with M1 and M2d macrophages coexisting in the same differentiation branch under UC conditions. Along the pseudotime axis, CCL3 and VEGFA expression increased in UC, while IL10RA remained stable in UC but increased in healthy controls. CellChat identified CCL3-CCR1 has strong communication between M1 and M2d macrophages, while the IL10 signaling pathway is activated explicitly in M2d macrophages to mitigate inflammation and promote epithelial healing. We also speculate that high levels of VEGFA activate endothelial cells expressing VEGFR and worsen inflammation. To conclude, we suggested IL10 and VEGF signaling in M2d macrophages as potential therapeutic targets for mucosal healing. However, it is necessary to establish reliable methods for isolating and purifying M2d macrophages before these targets can be effectively utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Lai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Changxiu Xian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Trade, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Junxia Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suqing Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiang-Guang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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27
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Zhou JY, Glendenning LM, Cavanaugh JM, McNeer SK, Goodman WA, Cobb BA. Intestinal Tr1 Cells Confer Protection against Colitis in the Absence of Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell-Derived IL-10. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:456-466. [PMID: 37314833 PMCID: PMC10580124 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa is continually exposed to diverse microbial and dietary Ags, requiring coordinated efforts by specialized populations of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to maintain homeostasis. Suppressive mechanisms used by intestinal Tregs include the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β. Defects in IL-10 signaling are associated with severe infantile enterocolitis in humans, and mice deficient in IL-10 or its receptors develop spontaneous colitis. To determine the requirement of Foxp3+ Treg-specific IL-10 for protection against colitis, we generated Foxp3-specific IL-10 knockout (KO) mice (IL-10 conditional KO [cKO] mice). Colonic Foxp3+ Tregs isolated from IL-10cKO mice showed impaired ex vivo suppressive function, although IL-10cKO mice maintained normal body weights and developed only mild inflammation over 30 wk of age (in contrast to severe colitis in global IL-10KO mice). Protection from colitis in IL-10cKO mice was associated with an expanded population of IL-10-producing type 1 Tregs (Tr1, CD4+Foxp3-) in the colonic lamina propria that produced more IL-10 on a per-cell basis compared with wild-type intestinal Tr1 cells. Collectively, our findings reveal a role for Tr1 cells in the gut, as they expand to fill a tolerogenic niche in conditions of suboptimal Foxp3+ Treg-mediated suppression and provide functional protection against experimental colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Y. Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Leandre M. Glendenning
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jill M. Cavanaugh
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sarah K. McNeer
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Wendy A. Goodman
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Brian A. Cobb
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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28
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Devi MB, Sarma HK, Mukherjee AK, Khan MR. Mechanistic Insights into Immune-Microbiota Interactions and Preventive Role of Probiotics Against Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10087-1. [PMID: 37171690 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on genetically susceptible individuals and animal models revealed the potential role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) through complex interactions with the immune system. T1D incidence has been increasing exponentially with modern lifestyle altering normal microbiota composition, causing dysbiosis characterized by an imbalance in the gut microbial community. Dysbiosis has been suggested to be a potential contributing factor in T1D. Moreover, several studies have shown the potential role of probiotics in regulating T1D through various mechanisms. Current T1D therapies target curative measures; however, preventive therapeutics are yet to be proven. This review highlights immune microbiota interaction and the immense role of probiotics and postbiotics as important immunological interventions for reducing the risk of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bidyarani Devi
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, Assam, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | | | - Ashis K Mukherjee
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Mojibur R Khan
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, Assam, India.
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29
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Abstract
The epithelial tissues that line our body, such as the skin and gut, have remarkable regenerative prowess and continually renew throughout our lifetimes. Owing to their barrier function, these tissues have also evolved sophisticated repair mechanisms to swiftly heal and limit the penetration of harmful agents following injury. Researchers now appreciate that epithelial regeneration and repair are not autonomous processes but rely on a dynamic cross talk with immunity. A wealth of clinical and experimental data point to the functional coupling of reparative and inflammatory responses as two sides of the same coin. Here we bring to the fore the immunological signals that underlie homeostatic epithelial regeneration and restitution following damage. We review our current understanding of how immune cells contribute to distinct phases of repair. When unchecked, immune-mediated repair programs are co-opted to fuel epithelial pathologies such as cancer, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Thus, understanding the reparative functions of immunity may advance therapeutic innovation in regenerative medicine and epithelial inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Guenin-Mace
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
- Immunobiology and Therapy Unit, INSERM U1224, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Piotr Konieczny
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
| | - Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
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Dos Santos Haber JF, Barbalho SM, Sgarbi JA, de Argollo Haber RS, de Labio RW, Laurindo LF, Chagas EFB, Payão SLM. The Relationship between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, TNF-α, and IL-10 Gene Expression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041120. [PMID: 37189738 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the major chronic diseases in children worldwide. This study aimed to investigate interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene expression and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in T1DM. A total of 107 patients were included, 15 were T1DM in ketoacidosis, 30 patients had T1DM and HbA1c ≥ 8%; 32 patients had T1DM and presented HbA1c < 8%; and 30 were controls. The expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was performed using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in real time. The cytokines gene expression was higher in patients with T1DM. The IL-10 gene expression increased substantially in patients with ketoacidosis, and there was a positive correlation with HbA1c. A negative correlation was found for IL-10 expression and the age of patients with diabetes, and the time of diagnosis of the disease. There was a positive correlation between TNF-α expression with age. The expression of IL-10 and TNF-α genes showed a significant increase in DM1 patients. Once current T1DM treatment is based on exogenous insulin, there is a need for other therapies, and inflammatory biomarkers could bring new possibilities to the therapeutic approach of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesselina Francisco Dos Santos Haber
- School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-160, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Health and Aging, Marilia Medical School (FAMEMA), Monte Carmelo, 800-Fragata, Marília 17519-030, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-160, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-160, Brazil
| | - Jose Augusto Sgarbi
- Postgraduate Program of Health and Aging, Marilia Medical School (FAMEMA), Monte Carmelo, 800-Fragata, Marília 17519-030, Brazil
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Marilia Medical School (FAMEMA), Monte Carmelo, 800-Fragata, Marília 17519-030, Brazil
| | | | - Roger William de Labio
- Department of Genetics, Marilia Medical School (FAMEMA), Monte Carmelo, 800-Fragata, Marília 17519-030, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-160, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas
- Postgraduate Program of Health and Aging, Marilia Medical School (FAMEMA), Monte Carmelo, 800-Fragata, Marília 17519-030, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-160, Brazil
| | - Spencer Luiz Marques Payão
- Postgraduate Program of Health and Aging, Marilia Medical School (FAMEMA), Monte Carmelo, 800-Fragata, Marília 17519-030, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Marilia Medical School (FAMEMA), Monte Carmelo, 800-Fragata, Marília 17519-030, Brazil
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31
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Rizzo G, Pineda Chavez SE, Vandenkoornhuyse E, Cárdenas Rincón CL, Cento V, Garlatti V, Wozny M, Sammarco G, Di Claudio A, Meanti L, Elangovan S, Romano A, Roda G, Loy L, Dal Buono A, Gabbiadini R, Lovisa S, Rusconi R, Repici A, Armuzzi A, Vetrano S. Pomegranate Extract Affects Gut Biofilm Forming Bacteria and Promotes Intestinal Mucosal Healing Regulating the Crosstalk between Epithelial Cells and Intestinal Fibroblasts. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071771. [PMID: 37049615 PMCID: PMC10097402 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pomegranate (Punica granatum) can be used to prepare a bioactive extract exerting anti-inflammatory activities. Clinical studies demonstrated an improvement in clinical response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients when pomegranate extract (PG) was taken as a complement to standard medications. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects are still scarcely investigated. This study investigates the effect of PG on bacterial biofilm formation and the promotion of mucosal wound healing. Methods: The acute colitis model was induced in C57BL/6N mice by 3% dextran sodium sulfate administration in drinking water for 5 days. During the recovery phase of colitis, mice received saline or PG (200 mg/kg body weight) by oral gavage for 11 days. Colitis was scored daily by evaluating body weight loss, bleeding, and stool consistency. In vivo intestinal permeability was evaluated by fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran assay, bacterial translocation was assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization on tissues, whereas epithelial and mucus integrity were monitored by immunostaining for JAM-A and MUC-2 markers. Bacterial biofilm formation was assessed using microfluidic devices for 24 or 48 h. Primary fibroblasts were isolated from healthy and inflamed areas of 8 IBD patients, and Caco-2 cells were stimulated with or without PG (5 μg/mL). Inflammatory mediators were measured at the mRNA and protein level by RT-PCR, WB, or Bio-plex multiplex immunoassay, respectively. Results: In vivo, PG boosted the recovery phase of colitis, promoting a complete restoration of the intestinal barrier with the regeneration of the mucus layer, as also demonstrated by the absence of bacterial spread into the mucosa and the enrichment of crypt-associated fibroblasts. Microfluidic experiments did not highlight a specific effect of PG on Enterobacterales biofilm formation, even though Citrobacter freundii biofilm was slightly impaired in the presence of PG. In vitro, inflamed fibroblasts responded to PG by downregulating the release of metalloproteinases, IL-6, and IL-8 and upregulating the levels of HGF. Caco-2 cells cultured in a medium supplemented with PG increased the expression of SOX-9 and CD44, whereas in the presence of HGF or plated with a fibroblast-conditioned medium, they displayed a decrease in SOX-9 and CD44 expression and an increase in AXIN2, a negative regulator of Wnt signaling. Conclusions: These data provide new insight into the manifold effects of PG on promoting mucosal homeostasis in IBD by affecting pathogen biofilm formation and favoring the regeneration of the intestinal barrier through the regulation of the crosstalk between epithelial and stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Rizzo
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Vandenkoornhuyse
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Cento
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Garlatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Guido Donegani, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Marek Wozny
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Giusy Sammarco
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Claudio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Lisa Meanti
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Sudharshan Elangovan
- Wipro Life Sciences Lab, Wipro Limited, SJP2, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore 560035, Karnataka, India
| | - Andrea Romano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Roda
- IBD Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Loy
- IBD Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Dal Buono
- IBD Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Gabbiadini
- IBD Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Lovisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Rusconi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Repici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Armuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- IBD Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Vetrano
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
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32
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Azzam MM, Al-Abdullatif A, Akasha M, Alhotan R, Suliman G, Lahaye L, Santin E. Effects of protected complex of bio-factors and antioxidants on growth performance, serum biochemistry, meat quality, and intestinal antioxidant and immunomodulatory-related gene expressions of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102666. [PMID: 37080007 PMCID: PMC10127134 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were assigned to 3 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 8 replicates per treatment, and 4 birds per replicate. The control group was fed a basal control diet, and the 2 test groups were fed the basal control diet supplemented with 150 and 300 mg/kg of protected complex of biofactors and antioxidants [P(BF+AOX)], respectively. The P(BF+AOx) is a combination of vitamins, L-tryptophan and biofactors such as fermentation extracts (Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada). Dietary P(BF+AOX) did not affect growth performance and breast meat quality (water holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force, and texture profile analysis), but the addition of 150 mg/kg of P(BF+AOX) decreased the relative weight of liver, heart, and spleen (P < 0.05). The addition of 150 mg/kg of P(BF+AOX) tended to increase (P = 0.051) the cold carcass yield. The addition of 150 and 300 mg/kg of P(BF+AOX) decreased (P = 0.002) the cooler carcass shrink, but the relative weight of fat pad increased (P = 0.032) in chickens fed 300 mg/kg P(BF+AOx) than in those of birds fed the control diet. On the other hand, the addition of 300 mg/kg of P(BF+AOX) decreased (P = 0.041) the serum level of uric acid compared with those of birds fed the basal diet. Broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with 150 mg/kg of diet had higher (P < 0.05) mRNA expressions of jejunal SOD1 and interleukins 6 and 10 (IL-6, IL-10). The findings suggest that P(BF+AOX) could be considered as a functional nutrient in broiler diets up to a concentration of 150 mg/kg because of its favorable effects on maintaining intestinal barrier function as well as carcass traits, while excess levels (300 mg/kg) had exhibited superior effect on the serum level of uric acid compared with those of birds fed the control diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mostafa Azzam
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Abdullatif
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Musab Akasha
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed Alhotan
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin Suliman
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ludovic Lahaye
- Research and Development, Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Santin
- Research and Development, Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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33
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Otte ML, Lama Tamang R, Papapanagiotou J, Ahmad R, Dhawan P, Singh AB. Mucosal healing and inflammatory bowel disease: Therapeutic implications and new targets. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1157-1172. [PMID: 36926666 PMCID: PMC10011951 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i7.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal healing (MH) is vital in maintaining homeostasis within the gut and protecting against injury and infections. Multiple factors and signaling pathways contribute in a dynamic and coordinated manner to maintain intestinal homeostasis and mucosal regeneration/repair. However, when intestinal homeostasis becomes chronically disturbed and an inflammatory immune response is constitutively active due to impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier autoimmune disease results, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many proteins and signaling pathways become dysregulated or impaired during these pathological conditions, with the mechanisms of regulation just beginning to be understood. Consequently, there remains a relative lack of broadly effective therapeutics that can restore MH due to the complexity of both the disease and healing processes, so tissue damage in the gastrointestinal tract of patients, even those in clinical remission, persists. With increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IBD and MH, tissue damage from autoimmune disease may in the future be ameliorated by developing therapeutics that enhance the body’s own healing response. In this review, we introduce the concept of mucosal healing and its relevance in IBD as well as discuss the mechanisms of IBD and potential strategies for altering these processes and inducing MH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Lynn Otte
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Raju Lama Tamang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Julia Papapanagiotou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Amar B Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
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34
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Fujino Y, Kanmura S, Morinaga Y, Kojima I, Maeda N, Tanaka A, Maeda H, Kumagai K, Sasaki F, Tanoue S, Ido A. Hepatocyte growth factor ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate‑induced colitis in a mouse model by altering the phenotype of intestinal macrophages. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:70. [PMID: 36799161 PMCID: PMC9942250 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) serves key roles in cell motility, proliferation and immunoregulatory functions. However, the effect of HGF on macrophages is unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of HGF on the phenotypic alterations of intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs). Colitis was induced in a mouse model using dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Subsequently, LPMCs were isolated from the mice with chronic colitis and the expression levels of cytokine‑encoding genes in the LPMCs were determined. CD11b‑positive macrophages isolated from LPMCs were cultured with HGF, and alterations in the levels of M1 or M2 markers were evaluated by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and flow cytometry. In addition, the cytokine levels were assessed using RT‑qPCR and ELISA. HGF shifted the phenotype of macrophages from M1 to M2‑like, as determined by increased mRNA expression levels of arginase‑1, CD206 and IL‑10, and reduced mRNA expression levels of CD86 and IL‑6 in mice with DSS‑induced colitis. Moreover, HGF could ameliorate DSS‑induced colitis owing to its immunosuppressive effect on immune cells. These findings indicated that HGF treatment may not only promote the regeneration of epithelial cells but also lead to tissue repair by phenotypic alteration of M1 macrophages to M2‑like macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Fujino
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shuji Kanmura
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan,Correspondence to: Dr Shuji Kanmura, Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan, E-mail:
| | - Yuko Morinaga
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Issei Kojima
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Maeda
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hidehito Maeda
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kumagai
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Fumisato Sasaki
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shiroh Tanoue
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Akio Ido
- Division of Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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35
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Hill AA, Kim M, Zegarra-Ruiz DF, Chang LC, Norwood K, Assié A, Wu WJH, Renfroe MC, Song HW, Major AM, Samuel BS, Hyser JM, Longman RS, Diehl GE. Acute high-fat diet impairs macrophage-supported intestinal damage resolution. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164489. [PMID: 36538527 PMCID: PMC9977439 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to high-fat diets (HFD) worsens intestinal disease pathology, but acute effects of HFD in tissue damage remain unclear. Here, we used short-term HFD feeding in a model of intestinal injury and found sustained damage with increased cecal dead neutrophil accumulation, along with dietary lipid accumulation. Neutrophil depletion rescued enhanced pathology. Macrophages from HFD-treated mice showed reduced capacity to engulf dead neutrophils. Macrophage clearance of dead neutrophils activates critical barrier repair and antiinflammatory pathways, including IL-10, which was lost after acute HFD feeding and intestinal injury. IL-10 overexpression restored intestinal repair after HFD feeding and intestinal injury. Macrophage exposure to lipids from the HFD prevented tethering and uptake of apoptotic cells and Il10 induction. Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFGE8) is a bridging molecule that facilitates macrophage uptake of dead cells. MFGE8 also facilitates lipid uptake, and we demonstrate that dietary lipids interfere with MFGE8-mediated macrophage apoptotic neutrophil uptake and subsequent Il10 production. Our findings demonstrate that HFD promotes intestinal pathology by interfering with macrophage clearance of dead neutrophils, leading to unresolved tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Myunghoo Kim
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel F. Zegarra-Ruiz
- Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lin-Chun Chang
- Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kendra Norwood
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Adrien Assié
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wan-Jung H. Wu
- Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael C. Renfroe
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hyo Wong Song
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Buck S. Samuel
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph M. Hyser
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Randy S. Longman
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in IBD and Jill Roberts Center for IBD, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gretchen E. Diehl
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Zhao L, Lv Y, Zhou X, Guo Z, Li H, Guo Y, Liu T, Tu L, Zhu L, Tao J, Shen G, He Y, Lei P. Secreted glucose regulated protein78 ameliorates DSS-induced mouse colitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:986175. [PMID: 36776831 PMCID: PMC9909966 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.986175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The secreted form of 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (sGRP78) has been widely reported for its property in aiding resolution of inflammatory. However, little is known on its potential in the treatment of colitis. To investigate the expression pattern and functional outcome of GRP78 in ulcerative colitis, its expression was measured in human and murine colitis samples. It was found that GRP78 was spontaneously secreted to a high level in gut, which is a physiological site of immune tolerance. During the active phase of DSS-induced colitis, the sGRP78 level was significantly reduced but rebounded quickly during resolving phase, making it a potential candidate for the treatment of colitis. In the following experiments, the administration of sGRP78 was proved to decrease susceptibility to experimental colitis, as indicated by an overall improvement of intestinal symptoms, restoration of TJ integrity, decreased infiltration of immune cells and impaired production of inflammatory cytokines. And specific cleavage of endogenous sGRP78 could aggravate DSS colitis. Adoptive transfer of sGRP78-conditioned BMDMs reduced inflammation in the gut. We linked sGRP78 treatment with altered macrophage biology and skewed macrophage polarization by inhibiting the TLR4-dependent MAP-kinases and NF-κB pathways. Based on these studies, as a naturally occurring immunomodulatory molecule, sGRP78 might be an attractive novel therapeutic agent for acute intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibing Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heli Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanyan Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Tu
- Department of Cancer Center, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangru Zhu
- Department of Cancer Center, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanxin Shen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Ping Lei, ; Yong He,
| | - Ping Lei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Ping Lei, ; Yong He,
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37
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Miranda J, Brazil JC, Morris AH, Parkos CA, Quiros M, Nusrat A. Maresin-2 promotes mucosal repair and has therapeutic potential when encapsulated in thermostable nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2218162120. [PMID: 36669099 PMCID: PMC9942869 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218162120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation and mucosal wound healing are crucial processes required to re-establish homeostasis following injury of mucosal tissues. Maresin-2 (MaR2), a lipid specialized pro-resolving mediator derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, has been reported to promote resolution of inflammation. However, a potential role for MaR2 in regulating mucosal repair remains undefined. Using lipidomic analyses, we demonstrate biosynthesis of MaR2 in healing intestinal mucosal wounds in vivo. Importantly, administration of exogenous MaR2 promoted mucosal repair following dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis or biopsy-induced colonic mucosal injury. Functional analyses revealed that MaR2 promotes mucosal wound repair by driving intestinal epithelial migration through activation of focal cell-matrix adhesion signaling in primary human intestinal epithelial cells. Because of its labile nature, MaR2 is easily degradable and requires ultracold storage to maintain functionality. Thus, we created thermostable polylactic acid MaR2 nanoparticles that retain biological activity following extended storage at 4 °C or above. Taken together, these results establish MaR2 as a potent pro-repair lipid mediator with broad therapeutic potential for use in promoting mucosal repair in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jael Miranda
- aDepartment of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | | | - Aaron H. Morris
- bDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Charles A. Parkos
- aDepartment of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Miguel Quiros
- aDepartment of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed. or
| | - Asma Nusrat
- aDepartment of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed. or
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Zhao XH, Yang T, Zheng MY, Zhao P, An LY, Qi YX, Yi KQ, Zhang PC, Sun DL. Cystathionine gamma-lyase (Cth) induces efferocytosis in macrophages via ERK1/2 to modulate intestinal barrier repair. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:17. [PMID: 36691021 PMCID: PMC9869634 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory response induced by intestinal ischaemia‒reperfusion injury (I/R) is closely associated with infectious complications and mortality in critically ill patients, and the timely and effective clearance of apoptotic cells is an important part of reducing the inflammatory response. Studies have shown that the efferocytosis by phagocytes plays an important role. Recently, studies using small intestine organoid models showed that macrophage efferocytosis could promote the repair capacity of the intestinal epithelium. However, no studies have reported efferocytosis in the repair of I/R in animal models. RESULTS We used an in vivo efferocytosis assay and discovered that macrophage efferocytosis played an indispensable role in repairing and maintaining intestinal barrier function after I/R. In addition, the specific molecular mechanism that induced macrophage efferocytosis was Cth-ERK1/2 dependent. We found that Cth drove macrophage efferocytosis in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression/silencing Cth promoted/inhibited the ERK1/2 pathway, respectively, which in turn affected efferocytosis and mediated intestinal barrier recovery. In addition, we found that the levels of Cth and macrophage efferocytosis were positively correlated with the recovery of intestinal function in clinical patients. CONCLUSION Cth can activate the ERK1/2 signalling pathway, induce macrophage efferocytosis, and thus promote intestinal barrier repair. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hu Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Meng-Yao Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Peinan Zhao
- Department of Medicine (Alfred Hospital), Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Li-Ya An
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Yu-Xing Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Ke-Qian Yi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Da-Li Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China.
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Saez A, Herrero-Fernandez B, Gomez-Bris R, Sánchez-Martinez H, Gonzalez-Granado JM. Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Innate Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021526. [PMID: 36675038 PMCID: PMC9863490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a heterogeneous state of chronic intestinal inflammation with no exact known cause. Intestinal innate immunity is enacted by neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), and innate lymphoid cells and NK cells, characterized by their capacity to produce a rapid and nonspecific reaction as a first-line response. Innate immune cells (IIC) defend against pathogens and excessive entry of intestinal microorganisms, while preserving immune tolerance to resident intestinal microbiota. Changes to this equilibrium are linked to intestinal inflammation in the gut and IBD. IICs mediate host defense responses, inflammation, and tissue healing by producing cytokines and chemokines, activating the complement cascade and phagocytosis, or presenting antigens to activate the adaptive immune response. IICs exert important functions that promote or ameliorate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie and sustain IBD. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying these clinical manifestations will be important for developing therapies targeting the innate immune system in IBD patients. This review examines the complex roles of and interactions among IICs, and their interactions with other immune and non-immune cells in homeostasis and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Saez
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Beatriz Herrero-Fernandez
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Gomez-Bris
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hector Sánchez-Martinez
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M. Gonzalez-Granado
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913908766
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Yilmaz M, Demir E, Gürsoy M, Firatli E, Gürsoy UK. Baseline interleukin-10, CD163, and tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) gingival tissue levels in relation to clinical periodontal treatment outcomes: A 12-week follow-up study. J Periodontol 2023; 94:141-154. [PMID: 35819128 PMCID: PMC10087717 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between healing response after non-surgical periodontal treatment and baseline gingival tissue levels of M2 macrophage activation-related proteins CD163, interleukin (IL)-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), and the CD163/TWEAK ratio. METHODS Eighty-eight gingival tissue samples from 44 Stage III/IV, Grade C periodontitis patients (18 smokers) and 41 tissue samples from 41 periodontally healthy participants (18 smokers) were evaluated. Clinical parameters were recorded in periodontally healthy individuals at baseline and in periodontitis patients at pre-treatment and 2, 6, and 12 weeks following therapy. IL-10, IFN-γ, CD163, and TWEAK levels were analyzed with Luminex technique. RESULTS Tissue levels (median, 1st -3rd quartile) of IL-10 (pg/ng protein), CD163 (pg/μg protein) and TWEAK (pg/μg protein) were as follows: IL-10 periodontitis: 2.08, 0.86-5.32 and periodontally healthy: 5.22, 3.20-10.25; CD163 periodontitis: 8.85, 4.92-14.06 and periodontally healthy: 18.36, 12.51-34.02; TWEAK periodontitis: 0.08, 0.05-0.11 and periodontally healthy: 0.16, 0.12-0.21. IL-10, CD163, and TWEAK levels were higher (P < 0.001) in periodontally healthy tissues than in periodontitis tissues. Pocket closure at 12 weeks was associated with elevated baseline gingival CD163 levels (P = 0.047) and CD163/TWEAK ratio (P = 0.001). Elevated baseline gingival CD163/TWEAK ratio was associated with pocket reduction at 6 (P = 0.022) and 12 weeks (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Associations of pocket closure with pre-treatment gingival tissue CD163 levels and CD163/TWEAK ratio indicate that baseline M2 macrophage activation profile may play a role in periodontal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yilmaz
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Demir
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Oral Health Care, Welfare Division, City of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Erhan Firatli
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Role of Wnt signaling in the maintenance and regeneration of the intestinal epithelium. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 153:281-326. [PMID: 36967198 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium plays a key role in digestion and protection against external pathogens. This tissue presents a high cellular turnover with the epithelium being completely renewed every 5days, driven by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) residing in the crypt bases. To sustain this dynamic renewal of the intestinal epithelium, the maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation of ISCs must be precisely controlled. One of the central pathways supporting ISC maintenance and dynamics is the Wnt pathway. In this chapter, we examine the role of Wnt signaling in intestinal epithelial homeostasis and tissue regeneration, including mechanisms regulating ISC identity and fine-tuning of Wnt pathway activation. We extensively discuss the contribution of the stem cell niche in maintaining Wnt signaling in the intestinal crypts that support ISC functions. The integration of these findings highlights the complex interplay of multiple niche signals and cellular components sustaining ISC behavior and maintenance, which together supports the immense plasticity of the intestinal epithelium.
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Azcutia V, Kelm M, Kim S, Luissint AC, Flemming S, Abernathy-Close L, Young VB, Nusrat A, Miller MJ, Parkos CA. Distinct stimulus-dependent neutrophil dynamics revealed by real-time imaging of intestinal mucosa after acute injury. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac249. [PMID: 36712325 PMCID: PMC9802210 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Clinical symptoms in many inflammatory diseases of the intestine are directly related to neutrophil (PMN) migration across colonic mucosa and into the intestinal lumen, yet in-vivo studies detailing this process are lacking. Using real-time intravital microscopy and a new distal colon loop model, we report distinct PMN migratory dynamics in response to several models of acute colonic injury. PMNs exhibited rapid swarming responses after mechanically induced intestinal wounds. Similar numbers of PMNs infiltrated colonic mucosa after wounding in germ-free mice, suggesting microbiota-independent mechanisms. By contrast, acute mucosal injury secondary to either a treatment of mice with dextran sodium sulfate or an IL-10 receptor blockade model of colitis resulted in lamina propria infiltration with PMNs that were largely immotile. Biopsy wounding of colonic mucosa in DSS-treated mice did not result in enhanced PMN swarming however, intraluminal application of the neutrophil chemoattractant LTB4 under such conditions resulted in enhanced transepithelial migration of PMNs. Analyses of PMNs that had migrated into the colonic lumen revealed that the majority of PMNs were directly recruited from the circulation and not from the immotile pool in the mucosa. Decreased PMN motility parallels upregulation of the receptor CXCR4 and apoptosis. Similarly, increased expression of CXCR4 on human PMNs was observed in colonic biopsies from people with active ulcerative colitis. This new approach adds an important tool to investigate mechanisms regulating PMN migration across mucosa within the distal intestine and will provide new insights for developing future anti-inflammatory and pro-repair therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Azcutia
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Matthias Kelm
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Seonyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Sven Flemming
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lisa Abernathy-Close
- Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Vincent B Young
- Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mark J Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Sakurai K, Toshimitsu T, Okada E, Anzai S, Shiraishi I, Inamura N, Kobayashi S, Sashihara T, Hisatsune T. Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OLL2712 on Memory Function in Older Adults with Declining Memory: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204300. [PMID: 36296983 PMCID: PMC9610166 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of probiotics is expected to be an intervention in neurodegenerative conditions that cause dementia owing to their ability to modulate neuroinflammatory responses via the microbiome-gut–brain axis. Therefore, we selected Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OLL2712 (OLL2712), the optimal anti-inflammatory lactic acid bacteria strain with high IL-10-inducing activity in immune cells, and aimed to verify its protective effects on memory function in older adults. A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed with older adults over the age of 65 years with declining memory. The participants consumed either powder containing heat-treated OLL2712 cells or placebo. Memory function was assessed using a computer-assisted cognitive test, Cognitrax. Daily dietary nutrient intake was assessed using the Brief-type Self-administered Diet History Questionnaire (BDHQ). The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed by fecal DNA extraction and 16S rDNA sequencing. Data from 78 participants who completed the entire procedure were analyzed, and significant improvements in composite memory and visual memory scores were observed in the active group, after accounting for the effect of daily nutritional intake (p = 0.044 and p = 0.021, respectively). In addition, the active group had a lower abundance ratio of Lachnoclostridium, Monoglobus, and Oscillibacter genera, which have been reported to be involved in inflammation. The present study suggests that OLL2712 ingestion has protective effects against memory function decline in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sakurai
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Takayuki Toshimitsu
- Food Microbiology Research Laboratories, Applied Microbiology Research Department, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co., Ltd., Hachiouji 192-0919, Japan
| | - Erika Okada
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Saya Anzai
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Izumi Shiraishi
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Noriko Inamura
- Urban Design Center Kashiwanoha (UDCK), Kashiwa 277-0871, Japan
- Community Health Promotion Laboratory, Mitsui Fudosan, Co., Ltd., Kashiwa 277-8519, Japan
| | - Satoru Kobayashi
- Community Health Promotion Laboratory, Mitsui Fudosan, Co., Ltd., Kashiwa 277-8519, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sashihara
- Food Microbiology Research Laboratories, Applied Microbiology Research Department, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co., Ltd., Hachiouji 192-0919, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Hisatsune
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-04-7136-3632
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Carrasco A, Tristán E, Fernández‐Bañares F, Martín‐Cardona A, Aceituno M, Zabana Y, Fluvià L, Hernández JM, Lorén V, Manyé J, Salas A, Andújar X, Loras C, Esteve M. Mucosal Interleukin‐10 depletion in steroid‐refractory Crohn's disease patients. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e710. [PMID: 36169258 PMCID: PMC9514060 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggested that Interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) depletion in Crohn's disease (CD) could predict outcome. Aim: To determine IL‐10 in blood and at different intestinal locations in patients with active CD and to assess its potential prognostic capacity to identify aggressive CD. Methods Twenty‐three patients with CD were included. Ulcerative colitis (UC), infectious colitis and healthy individuals acted as controls. Serum and mucosal samples were taken at baseline and 1 month after steroid initiation in CD patients. Patients were classified according to steroid response. Control samples were obtained from different intestinal locations. IL‐10 expression was measured with real‐time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence (intestine) and ELISA (serum, biopsy cultures' supernatants and tissue homogenates). Results CD and UC showed an increase in IL‐10 messenger RNA (mRNA) versus controls (p < .0001) in mucosa, whereas IL‐10 protein secretion was increased in all types of intestinal inflammation (p < .001). No differences in IL‐10 mRNA were found in CD at baseline regarding steroid response, but levels decreased in non‐responders versus responders (p = .027) and were restored with rescue therapy. Serum IL‐10 was increased in steroid‐refractory CD at baseline and after treatment. Conclusions Abnormal IL‐10 levels in refractory patients in both mucosa and blood have physiopathological relevance and may have potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Carrasco
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
| | - Eva Tristán
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández‐Bañares
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
| | - Albert Martín‐Cardona
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
| | - Montserrat Aceituno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
| | - Yamile Zabana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
| | - Lourdes Fluvià
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Institut de Recerca Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP) Badalona Spain
| | - José María Hernández
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Institut de Recerca Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP) Badalona Spain
| | - Violeta Lorén
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
- Research Group in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Institut de Recerca Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP) Badalona Spain
| | - Josep Manyé
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
- Research Group in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Institut de Recerca Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP) Badalona Spain
| | - Antonio Salas
- Department of Pathology Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Xavier Andújar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
| | - Carme Loras
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
| | - Maria Esteve
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa Universitat de Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Madrid Spain
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Delfini M, Stakenborg N, Viola MF, Boeckxstaens G. Macrophages in the gut: Masters in multitasking. Immunity 2022; 55:1530-1548. [PMID: 36103851 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract has the important task of absorbing nutrients, a complex process that requires an intact barrier allowing the passage of nutrients but that simultaneously protects the host against invading microorganisms. To maintain and regulate intestinal homeostasis, the gut is equipped with one of the largest populations of macrophages in the body. Here, we will discuss our current understanding of intestinal macrophage heterogeneity and describe their main functions in the different anatomical niches of the gut during steady state. In addition, their role in inflammatory conditions such as infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and postoperative ileus are discussed, highlighting the roles of macrophages in immune defense. To conclude, we describe the interaction between macrophages and the enteric nervous system during development and adulthood and highlight their contribution to neurodegeneration in the context of aging and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Delfini
- Translational Research Center for GI Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Stakenborg
- Translational Research Center for GI Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Francesca Viola
- Translational Research Center for GI Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Boeckxstaens
- Translational Research Center for GI Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Thanki KK, Johnson P, Higgins EJ, Maskey M, Phillips C, Dash S, Almenas FA, Govar AA, Tian B, Villéger R, Beswick E, Wang R, Szabo C, Chao C, Pinchuk IV, Hellmich MR, Módis K. Deletion of cystathionine-γ-lyase in bone marrow-derived cells promotes colitis-associated carcinogenesis. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102417. [PMID: 35933902 PMCID: PMC9357841 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by widespread relapsing inflammation of the colonic mucosa. Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is one of the most serious complications of a prolonged history of UC. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as an important physiological mediator of gastrointestinal homeostasis, limiting mucosal inflammation and promoting tissue healing in response to injury. Inhibition of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE)-dependent H2S production in animal models of UC has been shown to exacerbate colitis and delay tissue repair. It is unknown whether CSE plays a role in CAC, or the downregulation of CSE expression and/or activity promotes CAC development. In humans, we observed a significant decrease in CSE expression in colonic biopsies from patients with UC. Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of epithelium injury-induced colitis and global CSE KO mouse strain, we demonstrated that CSE is critical in limiting mucosal inflammation and stimulating epithelial cell proliferation in response to injury. In vitro studies showed that CSE activity stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, basal and cytokine-stimulated cell migration, as well as cytokine regulation of transepithelial permeability. In the azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS model of CAC, the loss of CSE expression accelerated both the development and progression of CAC. The increased tumor multiplicity and severity of CAC observed in CSE-KO mice were associated with reduced levels of mucosal IL-10 expression and increased levels of IL-6. Restoring CSE expression in bone marrow (BM) cells of CSE-KO mice through reciprocal BM transplantation raised mucosal IL-10 expression, decreased IL-6 level, and reduced the number of aberrant crypt foci and tumors in AOM/DSS-treated mice. These studies demonstrate that CSE expression in BM cells plays a critical role in suppressing CAC in mice. Furthermore, the data suggest that the inhibitory effects of CSE on the development of CAC are due, in part, to the modulation of mucosal pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan K Thanki
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Paul Johnson
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Edward J Higgins
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Manjit Maskey
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Ches'Nique Phillips
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Swetaleena Dash
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | | | | | - Bing Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Romain Villéger
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Ellen Beswick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Celia Chao
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Irina V Pinchuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Mark R Hellmich
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Katalin Módis
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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47
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Melcher C, Yu J, Duong VHH, Westphal K, Helmi Siasi Farimany N, Shaverskyi A, Zhao B, Strowig T, Glage S, Brand K, Chan AC, Föger N, Lee KH. B cell-mediated regulatory mechanisms control tumor-promoting intestinal inflammation. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111051. [PMID: 35830810 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying tumor-promoting inflammatory processes in colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) remain largely elusive. Here, we provide genetic evidence for distinct B cell-mediated immunoregulatory mechanisms that protect from chronic colitis versus CAC. We demonstrate an inherent capacity of interleukin-10 (IL-10)-producing B cells to differentiate into immunoglobulin A (IgA) plasma cells (PCs) upon Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. Our data show that B cell-derived IL-10 is essential to limit pathogenic T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th17 T cell responses during chronic colitis, while IgA PCs derived from IL-10+ B cells are being implicated in restraining tumorigenesis during CAC. Formation of a tumor-protective intestinal environment was associated with clonal expansion of specific types of colonic IgA PCs and development of an altered microbiota that attenuated CAC. We thus propose that regulatory B cell-mediated immunomodulation entails temporal release of IL-10, which is superseded by the generation of specific IgA affecting the microbial community, thereby controlling chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis in a distinctive but interrelated manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Melcher
- Inflammation Research Group, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jinbo Yu
- Inflammation Research Group, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Vu Huy Hoang Duong
- Inflammation Research Group, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Katrin Westphal
- Inflammation Research Group, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Noushin Helmi Siasi Farimany
- Inflammation Research Group, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anton Shaverskyi
- Inflammation Research Group, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bei Zhao
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Glage
- Experimental Pathology, Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Korbinian Brand
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrew C Chan
- Research, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Niko Föger
- Inflammation Research Group, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kyeong-Hee Lee
- Inflammation Research Group, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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48
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Palikuqi B, Rispal J, Klein O. Good Neighbors: The Niche that Fine Tunes Mammalian Intestinal Regeneration. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a040865. [PMID: 34580119 PMCID: PMC9159262 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium undergoes continuous cellular turnover, making it an attractive model to study tissue renewal and regeneration. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) can both self-renew and differentiate along all epithelial cell lineages. Decisions about which fate to pursue are controlled by a balance between high Wnt signaling at the crypt bottom, where Lgr5 + ISCs reside, and increasing bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) levels toward the villus, where differentiated cells are located. Under stress conditions, epithelial cells in the intestine are quite plastic, with dedifferentiation, the reversal of cell fate from a differentiated cell to a more stem-like cell, allowing for most mature epithelial cell types to acquire stem cell-like properties. The ISC niche, mainly made up of mesenchymal, immune, enteric neuronal, and endothelial cells, plays a central role in maintaining the physiological function of the intestine. Additionally, the immune system and the microbiome play an essential role in regulating intestinal renewal. The development of various mouse models, organoid co-cultures and single-cell technologies has led to advances in understanding signals emanating from the mesenchymal niche. Here, we review how intestinal regeneration is driven by stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, with an emphasis on the niche that fine tunes these processes in both homeostasis and injury conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brisa Palikuqi
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences
| | - Jérémie Rispal
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences
| | - Ophir Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences
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49
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Cao Q, Mertens RT, Sivanathan KN, Cai X, Xiao P. Macrophage orchestration of epithelial and stromal cell homeostasis in the intestine. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:313-331. [PMID: 35593111 PMCID: PMC9543232 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ru0322-176r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal tract is a complex ecosystem where numerous cell types of epithelial, immune, neuronal, and endothelial origin coexist in an intertwined, highly organized manner. The functional equilibrium of the intestine relies heavily on the proper crosstalk and cooperation among each cell population. Furthermore, macrophages are versatile, innate immune cells that participate widely in the modulation of inflammation and tissue remodeling. Emerging evidence suggest that macrophages are central in orchestrating tissue homeostasis. Herein, we describe how macrophages interact with epithelial cells, neurons, and other types of mesenchymal cells under the context of intestinal inflammation, followed by the therapeutic implications of cellular crosstalk pertaining to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Randall Tyler Mertens
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kisha Nandini Sivanathan
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuechun Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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50
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Abraham C, Abreu MT, Turner JR. Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling and Cytokine Networks in Microbial Defenses and Regulation of Intestinal Barriers: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1602-1616.e6. [PMID: 35149024 PMCID: PMC9112237 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.12.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by defects in epithelial function and dysregulated inflammatory signaling by lamina propria mononuclear cells including macrophages and dendritic cells in response to microbiota. In this review, we focus on the role of pattern recognition receptors in the inflammatory response as well as epithelial barrier regulation. We explore cytokine networks that increase inflammation, regulate paracellular permeability, cause epithelial damage, up-regulate epithelial proliferation, and trigger restitutive processes. We focus on studies using patient samples as well as speculate on pathways that can be targeted to more holistically treat patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Abraham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jerrold R. Turner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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