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Brodsky CN, Sitto HM, Wittmann D, Wallner LP, Streur C, DeJonckheere M, Stoffel JS, Cameron AP, Sarma A, Clemens JQ, Ippolito GM. "There is a lot of shame that comes with this": A qualitative study of patient experiences of isolation, embarrassment, and stigma associated with overactive bladder. Neurourol Urodyn 2024. [PMID: 39039801 DOI: 10.1002/nau.25557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Beyond causing physical discomfort, overactive bladder (OAB) is distressing to patients across a variety of psychosocial domains. In this qualitative component of a larger mixed methods study, we explore patients' lived experience with OAB to understand how this condition impacts individuals on a personal and social level, as well as their experiences interacting with the health care system. METHODS A total of 20 patients and 12 physicians completed a questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The interview guide, developed in an iterative fashion by the authors, included questions about treatment decision making as well as experiences living with or treating OAB; this manuscript focuses on the questions probing lived experiences and interactions between patients and physicians. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and inductively coded and analyzed according to the principles of interpretive description to develop themes. RESULTS Analysis of patient and physician interviews yielded five key themes: isolation due to OAB diagnosis, social stigma associated with noticeable OAB symptoms, embarrassment from interactions with the health care system, feeling invalidated and dismissed by physicians, and OAB patients as a "vulnerable" population with "desperation" for cure. CONCLUSIONS OAB causes patients marked distress beyond their physical symptoms; it causes feelings of isolation from friends and family and makes them feel embarrassed to discuss their condition with loved ones and physicians alike. Efforts to destigmatize OAB, validate patient experiences, and improve access to OAB care may help diminish the psychosocial burden of OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey N Brodsky
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hannah M Sitto
- Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniela Wittmann
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lauren P Wallner
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Courtney Streur
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - John S Stoffel
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anne P Cameron
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aruna Sarma
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - James Q Clemens
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Giulia M Ippolito
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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2
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Al-sahli NH, Alhammaqi ZE, Alruwailiy RF, Alzahrani SA, Hakami AA, Al Mansour AS, Khawaji OAY, Bakhsh H. Assessing Women's Knowledge and Awareness of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Saudi Arabia: A Comprehensive Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1437. [PMID: 39057580 PMCID: PMC11276229 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to comprehensively assess the knowledge, awareness, and misconceptions regarding sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among women in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 600 women aged 18-55 from various regions across the country. The findings revealed moderate overall STI knowledge, with gaps in understanding transmission routes (31.7%), recognizing symptoms (40.8%), and awareness of prevention methods (35.2%). Prevalent misconceptions included the belief that STIs can spread through casual contact (38%), only individuals with multiple partners are at risk (30%), and STIs are always symptomatic (32%). Demographic factors such as age, education level, and marital status significantly influenced STI knowledge, while residential area did not. Higher education, particularly bachelor's degrees and above, was strongly associated with better awareness. Digital platforms like the internet and social media emerged as significant sources of STI information. Undergoing STI testing, discussing STIs with partners, using protection, and receiving the HPV vaccine were linked to higher knowledge levels. This study highlights the need for targeted educational interventions, integration of sexual health education into curricula, training healthcare providers, community engagement, and leveraging digital platforms to enhance STI awareness and prevention efforts among Saudi women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nujud Hassan Al-sahli
- Collage of Nursing, Princess Nora Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zahra Essa Alhammaqi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medicine, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Asma Ahmed Hakami
- College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.H.); (O.A.Y.K.)
| | | | | | - Hanadi Bakhsh
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
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Fitzpatrick ET, Rosen NO, Dawson SJ. What to Expect When You're Expecting: Perinatal Sexual Education Is Linked with Couples' Sexual Well-Being in Pregnancy and the Postpartum. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023; 60:1269-1282. [PMID: 37126465 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2193570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Up to 88% of expectant and new parents report problems with their sexual well-being, yet less than 30% of individuals receive information about potential sexual problems from health-care professionals. Lack of information may contribute to difficulty adjusting to sexual challenges, and in turn, to poorer sexual well-being. The current study examined the following: 1) the amount of perinatal sexual health information individuals receive/access; 2) gaps between desired and received information; 3) barriers to accessing information; and 4) links between the quantity of information received/accessed and sexual well-being outcomes in one sample of pregnant couples (N = 102) and another sample of couples in the postpartum (N = 102). Results revealed that most participants reported receiving/accessing little-to-no sexual health information, despite most participants wanting to receive a variety of information related to their perinatal sexuality. On average, expectant and new parents were indifferent regarding how easy/comfortable they felt discussing their sexuality with health-care professionals. Overall, when gestational parents received/accessed more pregnancy-related sexual health information and when either parent received/accessed more postpartum-related sexual health information, both members of the couples reported greater sexual well-being. Access to information might not only address couples' needs and concerns but may also bolster sexual well-being during a vulnerable period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie O Rosen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dalhousie University
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Saab R, Habib PA, Hamdan M, El Hayek R, Daher D, El Hage Hassan M, Doumat G, El Kak F. Assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of graduating medical students towards sexual health in Lebanon. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 161:51-56. [PMID: 36528832 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of graduating medical students in Lebanon regarding sexual health, as well as their readiness to learn about it, and to determine the demographic and educational factors that influence our findings. METHODS Cross-sectional study. A self-designed questionnaire exploring various components of sexual health was sent to 578 graduating medical students in Lebanon. Knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were computed and analyzed. RESULTS The overall mean knowledge score was relatively low (2.61, range -13 to 10). A statistically significant difference was found in the mean knowledge score across religion (P = 0.028) and religiosity (P < 0.001) categories. The mean practice score also differed significantly across income groups (P = 0.010). No other significant associations were found between gender, sexuality, environment, primary source of sexual health education, or language and the mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores. CONCLUSION Additional standardized assessment of medical students' competences in sexual health matters through diverse research models is needed. Re-examination of existing medical curricula and inclusion of more extensive sexual health education is necessary to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Saab
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Paola Abi Habib
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammed Hamdan
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rawad El Hayek
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Darine Daher
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - George Doumat
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Faysal El Kak
- Women Integrated Sexual Health (WISH) Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut, Lebanon.,Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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5
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Riazi H, Mohseni M, Karimian Z, Kariman N, Nasiri M. Factors affecting the providing of sexual health services by midwives: A qualitative research in Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2023; 28:47-52. [DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_157_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Antoine YS, Amutah-Onukagha N, Vigue R, Bolarinwa E, Nicholson V, Lacroix-Williamson L, Zabie T. Reducing the spread of HIV through intergenerational communication and engagement among African American mothers and daughters. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2022; 9:20499361221145602. [PMID: 36569814 PMCID: PMC9780759 DOI: 10.1177/20499361221145602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vanessa Nicholson
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Telesha Zabie
- School of Medicine, Windsor University, Cayon, Saint Kitts and Nevis
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7
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Azar M, Kroll T, Chakhtoura H, Gebran V, Sailian SD. Nurses and Midwives Role in Patient Sexual Health Assessment: A Cross-Sectional Study. SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11195-022-09739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Ford JV, Corona-Vargas E, Cruz M, Fortenberry JD, Kismodi E, Philpott A, Rubio-Aurioles E, Coleman E. The World Association for Sexual Health's Declaration on Sexual Pleasure: A Technical Guide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2022; 33:612-642. [PMID: 38595778 PMCID: PMC10903694 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2021.2023718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This article provides technical guidance on the content, meaning, and application of the World Association of Sexual Health (WAS) Declaration on Sexual Pleasure to various stakeholders and practitioners working in the area of sexuality, sexual health, and sexual rights. A growing body of work shows that sexual pleasure is integral to broader health, mental health, sexual health, well-being and rights and indeed can lead to improvements in health. Yet, more research is needed to identify the best ways to incorporate sexual pleasure to achieve sexual health for different outcomes and populations. In the first part of this article, we deconstruct each statement from the WAS Declaration on Sexual Pleasure and provide key evidence from the literature supporting these statements. In the latter part of the article, we provide guidance on how to include sexual pleasure as a fundamental part of sexual health and sexual rights work. We include a series of case studies and highlight key actions and principles for advocacy, implementation, and quality assurance in terms of law and policy, comprehensive sexuality education, health care services and dissemination of knowledge. This technical document seeks to inspire our partners and collaborators to embark on a journey toward a pleasure-based approach to sexual health and sexual rights. Our hope is that the literature, guidance and case studies provided here can ignite ongoing advocacy and collaboration to embrace sexual pleasure in all settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie V. Ford
- Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eszter Kismodi
- International Human Rights Lawyer on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights Research, Policy and Programming, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Eli Coleman
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MNUSA
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Valentine JA, Delgado LF, Haderxhanaj LT, Hogben M. Improving Sexual Health in U.S. Rural Communities: Reducing the Impact of Stigma. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:90-99. [PMID: 34436713 PMCID: PMC8390058 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STI), including HIV, are among the most reported diseases in the U.S. and represent some of America’s most significant health disparities. The growing scarcity of health care services in rural settings limits STI prevention and treatment for rural Americans. Local health departments are the primary source for STI care in rural communities; however, these providers experience two main challenges, also known as a double disparity: (1) inadequate capacity and (2) poor health in rural populations. Moreover, in rural communities the interaction of rural status and key determinants of health increase STI disparities. These key determinants can include structural, behavioral, and interpersonal factors, one of which is stigma. Engaging the expertise and involvement of affected community members in decisions regarding the needs, barriers, and opportunities for better sexual health is an asset and offers a gateway to sustainable, successful, and non-stigmatizing STI prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo A Valentine
- Division of STD Prevention, NCHHSTP, Centers for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Road, MS US12-3, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA.
| | - Lyana F Delgado
- Division of STD Prevention, NCHHSTP, Centers for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Road, MS US12-3, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Laura T Haderxhanaj
- Division of STD Prevention, NCHHSTP, Centers for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Road, MS US12-3, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Matthew Hogben
- Division of STD Prevention, NCHHSTP, Centers for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Road, MS US12-3, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
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10
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Ford JV, El Kak F, Herbenick D, Purdy C, Tellone S, Wasserman M, Coleman E. Sexual Pleasure and Healthcare Settings: Focusing on Pleasure to Improve Healthcare Delivery and Utilization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2021; 33:572-586. [PMID: 38595777 PMCID: PMC10903612 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2021.1955802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Sexual pleasure is best attained through facilitating access to the highest standard of health. Today global data show a persistent high burden of sexual health issues. Yet, pleasure remains a sensitive, stigmatized, and unspoken topic in healthcare services. This article examines how to incorporate a value for pleasure into healthcare services, grounded in the assumption that pleasure is a fundamental reason why people have sex and that acknowledging this can support people in creating safer, more pleasurable sexual experiences. Drawing upon examples from the literature and field experience, this article explores how to better address pleasure in healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie V. Ford
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Faysal El Kak
- Women Integrated Sexual Health Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Debby Herbenick
- Center for Sexual Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Stephen Tellone
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Eli Coleman
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Heath, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Sewell WC, Powell VE, Ball-Burack M, Mayer KH, Ochoa A, Marcus JL, Krakower DS. Brief Report: "I Didn't Really Have a Primary Care Provider Until I Got PrEP": Patients' Perspectives on HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis as a Gateway to Health Care. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2021; 88:31-35. [PMID: 34397743 PMCID: PMC8369038 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV prevention is the primary goal of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP); however, ancillary benefits may exist, including PrEP as an entry point to primary care. OBJECTIVE To explore PrEP users' perspectives on how PrEP use relates to broader engagement in health care. DESIGN In-depth qualitative interviews. PARTICIPANTS We recruited PrEP users aged 18 years or older from a social media group for people interested in PrEP information and a Boston community health center specializing in health care for sexual and gender minorities. APPROACH Inductive content analysis to identify emergent themes. KEY RESULTS All 25 participants were men who have sex with men, whose mean age was 34 years, and 84% were White. Three major themes emerged: (1) accessing PrEP was a strong motivator for initial and continued engagement in health care, which for some evolved over time into accessing comprehensive primary care; (2) provider awareness and attitudes about PrEP influenced participants' ongoing engagement in health care; and (3) PrEP engendered a positive sense of control over users' personal health, giving them agency in reducing their risk of HIV and engaging in other aspects of their health. Quarterly PrEP visits helped participants establish and maintain a relationship with a primary care provider, access non-HIV-related care services, and feel empowered to keep themselves healthy. CONCLUSIONS The benefits of PrEP extend beyond HIV prevention to broader engagement in health care, including new relationships with primary care providers and use of other preventive health care services. To maximize those benefits, efforts are needed to ensure that providers are aware, nonjudgmental, and supportive of PrEP use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney C. Sewell
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria E. Powell
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maya Ball-Burack
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth H. Mayer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aileen Ochoa
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia L. Marcus
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas S. Krakower
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Clancy EM, Maas MK, March E, Howard D, Klettke B. Just Checking It Out? Motivations for and Behavioral Associations With Visiting "Slutpages" in the United States and Australia. Front Psychol 2021; 12:671986. [PMID: 34248768 PMCID: PMC8267471 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.671986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
"Slutpages" are a pernicious form of online image-based evaluative voyeurism (OIBEV), whereby (sexualized) images of women are posted on webpages for (predominantly) male groups to rate and comment. Despite media and public concern, OIBEV sites have garnered limited empirical study. This paper presents the first analysis of OIBEV site visitation motivations across United States and Australian samples. Participants comprised a convenience sample of 1148 young adults aged 18 to 29 years (M = 22.54, SD = 2.50); 53.0% women, 47.0% men; 54% residing in the U.S. and 46% in Australia. Respondents completed an online questionnaire. Overall, 23% of United States and 16% of Australian respondents had visited OIBEV sites. OIBEV site visitation was uniquely associated with gender and country (with men and United States being more likely to visit OIBEV sites), requesting and disseminating sexts and having one's own image shared. Cyberbullying perpetration was associated with reduced odds of OIBEV site visitation. Motivations differed by gender, with men (80%) being most likely to visit sites to "check them out" while women were equally likely to check it out (41%) or to see if they were depicted (36%). For men, unique predictors of OIBEV site visitation were having requested, disseminated and received disseminated sexts, lower levels of anxiety and reduced likelihood of cyberbullying perpetration. For women, OIBEV site visitation was uniquely associated with being a United States resident, sext dissemination victimization, receipt of disseminated sexts, higher levels of anxiety but reduced stress. Our findings confirm that OIBEV sites represent a highly gendered form of online image-based sexual abuse, and may have important mental health implications, given the associations with increased anxiety. Our results support the need for "slutpage" education for adolescents and young adults to address social and peer norms that encourage and support non-consensual use of intimate images.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan K. Maas
- Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Evita March
- School of Science, Psychology, and Sport, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia
| | - Dominika Howard
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood East, VIC, Australia
| | - Bianca Klettke
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood East, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
Expand at first use ("lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (or questioning), and others"? Sexual health is a state of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being in relation to sexuality. Factors that contribute to the sexual health of an LGBTQ+-identified patient include not only the physical state of the patient but also cultural and contextual factors that influence other aspects of well-being. To be effective in promoting sexual health, providers must maintain an attitude of accepting the patient's sexual orientation and gender identity as core aspects of sexual health. Providers need to examine paperwork, office space, and cultural competence in providing a safe medical home for the LGBTQ+ community.
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14
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Mgopa LR, Rosser BRS, Ross MW, Lukumay GG, Mohammed I, Massae AF, Leshabari S, Mkonyi E, Mushy SE, Mwakawanga DL, Trent M, Wadley J, Bonilla ZE. Cultural and clinical challenges in sexual health care provision to men who have sex with men in Tanzania: a qualitative study of health professionals' experiences and health students' perspectives. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:676. [PMID: 33827508 PMCID: PMC8028207 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care providers across sub-Saharan Africa continue to face challenges while delivering sexual health care services. We explored the experiences, views and challenges of health care professionals and health students across different disciplines in Tanzania, towards delivery of sexual health services to men who have sex with men. METHODS Utilizing a qualitative approach, we recruited 121 health care professionals (providers) and students from the fields of midwifery, nursing and medicine in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We conducted 18 focus groups discussions, stratified by profession and experience, to investigate clinical management and challenges while addressing a case of an adult male presenting with rectal gonorrhea. RESULTS Findings indicated this case as extremely sensitive, clinical management involved establishing rapport and consent, medical care from history taking to treatment, and referral to other specialties. However, the illegal status of homosexuality in Tanzania was a primary concern to participants, this triggered the clinical care of this case scenario as challenging. There were uncertainties whether or not that such a case should be reported to the authorities. CONCLUSION Findings from this study revealed a need for training health students in Tanzania to address sexual health issues including accurate information on homosexuality, reporting requirements and clinical management in the legal and socio-cultural context of the African continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy R Mgopa
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - B R Simon Rosser
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd St., Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.
| | - Michael W Ross
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd St., Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Gift Gadiel Lukumay
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Inari Mohammed
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd St., Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Agnes F Massae
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Sebalda Leshabari
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ever Mkonyi
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd St., Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | | | - Dorkasi L Mwakawanga
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Maria Trent
- Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - James Wadley
- Lincoln University, Counseling and Human Services Department, 1570 Baltimore Pike, Philadelphia, PA, 19352, USA
| | - Zobeida E Bonilla
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd St., Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
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15
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Clancy EM, Klettke B, Crossman AM, Hallford DJ, Howard D, Toumbourou JW. Sext Dissemination: Differences across Nations in Motivations and Associations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2429. [PMID: 33801431 PMCID: PMC7967565 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sext dissemination presents policy and legislative challenges given its potential psychological, social, and legal harms. We report on a cross-national comparison of sext-image dissemination in a large sample of 1148 young adults aged 18-29 years (M = 22.54, SD = 2.50, 53.0% women, 47.0% men), either U.S. (53.8%) or Australian (46.2%) residents. The results indicate that 14% of young adults disseminated sexts, with no difference by gender or country. Over 50% of respondents indicated that the last time they received a disseminated sext, it was unexpected or unwelcome, with women twice as likely as men to receive unwelcome sexts. The most frequent motivations for sext dissemination were similar cross-nationally, relating to the attractiveness of the person depicted, as a joke, to gossip, because it was not a big deal, bragging, roasting or teasing, and to increase social status. Motivations of attractiveness, bragging, or social status were more commonly endorsed by men, while women endorsed reasons around gossip or roasting/teasing. Unique predictors of sext dissemination included U.S. residence, requesting sexts, receiving disseminated sexts, having one's own images disseminated, and more positive subjective norms to dissemination, and there was a country-gender interaction, where Australian women and U.S. men were more likely to disseminate sexts than then U.S. women or Australian men. The findings have implications for prevention programs seeking to address harmful online sexual interactions, including addressing respect, consent, and subjective norms supporting non-consensual dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Clancy
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood East 3125, Australia; (B.K.); (D.J.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Bianca Klettke
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood East 3125, Australia; (B.K.); (D.J.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Angela M. Crossman
- Department of Psychology, John Jay College, City University of New York, 524 West 59th Street, New York, NY 10019, USA;
| | - David J. Hallford
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood East 3125, Australia; (B.K.); (D.J.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Dominika Howard
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood East 3125, Australia; (B.K.); (D.J.H.); (D.H.)
| | - John W. Toumbourou
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong 3220, Australia;
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Leyva‐Moral JM, Aguayo‐Gonzalez M, Palmieri PA, Guevara‐Vasquez G, Granel‐Grimenez N, Dalfó‐Pibernat A. Attitudes and beliefs of nurses and physicians about managing sexual health in primary care: A multi-site cross-sectional comparative study. Nurs Open 2021; 8:404-414. [PMID: 33318848 PMCID: PMC7729806 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To understand the attitudes and beliefs of nurses and physicians about managing the sexual health of patients during office visits in primary care centres. Design A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional multi-centre study. Methods The study was performed in 15 primary care centres in Barcelona (Spain), from December 2017-February 2018. Obtained data were analysed with descriptive and bivariate statistics. Results Nearly half the participants believed they should manage sexual health in primary care, but a third of them disagreed this is a priority. Participants also believed patients are not comfortable speaking with them about sex. Statistically significant differences were observed between the professions as nurses more often reported receiving sexual health questions from patients and believed they had enough knowledge to appropriately respond. Most participants wanted additional education to speak with patients more comfortably and confidently about sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Leyva‐Moral
- Department d'InfermeriaUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona Facultat de MedicinaBarcelonaSpain
- Grupo de Investigación Enfermera en Vulnerabilidad y Salud (GRIVIS)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Nursing Research GroupEBHC South America: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated GroupLimaPerú
- Center for Global NursingTexas Woman's UniversityHoustonTXUSA
| | - Mariela Aguayo‐Gonzalez
- Department d'InfermeriaUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona Facultat de MedicinaBarcelonaSpain
- Grupo de Investigación Enfermera en Vulnerabilidad y Salud (GRIVIS)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Patrick A. Palmieri
- Nursing Research GroupEBHC South America: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated GroupLimaPerú
- Center for Global NursingTexas Woman's UniversityHoustonTXUSA
- Office of the Vice Chancellor for ResearchUniversidad Norbert WienerLimaPeru
- College of Graduate Health StudiesA. T. Still UniversityKirksvilleMOUSA
| | - Genesis Guevara‐Vasquez
- Nursing Research GroupEBHC South America: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated GroupLimaPerú
- Department of ResearchHospital Regional LambayequeChiclayoPerú
| | - Nina Granel‐Grimenez
- Department d'InfermeriaUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona Facultat de MedicinaBarcelonaSpain
- Grupo de Investigación Enfermera en Vulnerabilidad y Salud (GRIVIS)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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17
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Rezaei N, Taheri S, Tavalaee Z, Rezaie S, Azadi A. The effect of sexual health education program on sexual function and attitude in women at reproductive age in Iran. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:140. [PMID: 34222515 PMCID: PMC8224500 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_556_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female sexual dysfunction is a common and often distressing public health problem. This study aimed to determine the effect of the sexual health program on female sexual function and attitude in reproductive age in the west of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a field trial study. A total of 103 women attending health centers were assigned into two groups; an experiment and a control group. Data collection tool involved sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, sexual female attitude questionnaire, and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), which was completed by participants before and after the implementation of a sexual health education program. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. RESULTS The results revealed that after the intervention, female sexual function in the experiment group based on the FSFI tool was significantly improved (P < 0.01) in the domains of desire, arousal, orgasm, satisfaction, pain, and the total score compared with the control group. Besides, there was no significant difference between posttest mean score of sexual attitude in the experiment group and control group (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference was found in the mean score of sexual attitudes in the experimental group before and after the intervention (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION The findings showed that sexual health program was effective in improving women's sexual function and attitude in the experiment group. It is recommended that the effect of other training methods remain to be addressed on women's sexual function and attitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Rezaei
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Safoura Taheri
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Zahra Tavalaee
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sedighe Rezaie
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arman Azadi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Arman Azadi, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. E-mail:
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Rambarran N, Goodman J, Simpson J. Providing Care to LGBT Patients in Guyana: An Assessment of Medical Providers' Knowledge, Attitudes and Readiness to Learn. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2020; 33:18-28. [PMID: 38596475 PMCID: PMC10807803 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2020.1846656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes and desire for continued education among Guyanese doctors with regards to LGBT health. It utilized a mixed methodology of quantitative, self-administered online surveys among 90 doctors, and qualitative semi-structured individual interviews with 8 other doctors. Descriptive and analytic calculations were performed on the quantitative data while thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. The results show moderate knowledge levels regarding LGBT health, with deficits in awareness of LGBT health disparities; generally nondiscriminatory attitudes; and suboptimal education on LGBT health. Further training and pre-service curricular changes are necessary to address gaps and improve competency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey Goodman
- LGBT Health Policy and Practice, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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19
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Gessner M, Bishop MD, Martos A, Wilson BDM, Russell ST. Sexual Minority People's Perspectives of Sexual Health Care: Understanding Minority Stress in Sexual Health Settings. SEXUALITY RESEARCH & SOCIAL POLICY : JOURNAL OF NSRC : SR & SP 2020; 17:607-618. [PMID: 33737988 PMCID: PMC7962798 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-019-00418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minority individuals (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual people) face sexual health inequalities related to their experiences with providers in sexual health care settings, yet few prior studies have focused on these experiences. In the current study, we analyzed qualitative interviews with a diverse sample of 58 sexual minority individuals from three age cohorts in the United States to explore sexual minority people's perspectives of sexual health care. Thematic content analysis revealed four key themes: erasure, enacted stigma, felt stigma, and affirmative care. Subgroup differences in themes across gender, sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and age cohort were also assessed. Women and genderqueer participants reported erasure in the context of identity dismissal in family planning conversations, and men reported felt stigma in the context of hyperawareness of sexual minority identity. Some sexual minority people of color also reported intersectional felt stigma as a result of multiple marginalized identities. Additionally, fewer men reported erasure compared to women or genderqueer people and fewer gay and lesbian participants reported erasure than bisexual or queer people. Implications of these findings include the need for more sexual minority health care initiatives and training and the development of affirmative care practices for sexual minority populations, including those with multiple marginalized identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKenna Gessner
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Meg D. Bishop
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Alexander Martos
- The Williams Institute, University of California Los Angeles School of Law, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bianca D. M. Wilson
- The Williams Institute, University of California Los Angeles School of Law, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen T. Russell
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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20
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Proximity to Screening Site, Rurality, and Neighborhood Disadvantage: Treatment Status among Individuals with Sexually Transmitted Infections in Yakima County, Washington. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082679. [PMID: 32295243 PMCID: PMC7215758 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Early sexually transmitted infections (STIs) diagnosis facilitates prompt treatment initiation and contributes to reduced transmission. This study examined the extent to which contextual characteristics such as proximity to screening site, rurality, and neighborhood disadvantage along with demographic variables, may influence treatment seeking behavior among individuals with STIs (i.e., chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis). Methods: Data on 16,075 diagnosed cases of STIs between 2007 and 2018 in Yakima County were obtained from the Washington State Department of Health Database Surveillance System. Multilevel models were applied to explore the associations between contextual and demographic characteristics and two outcomes: (a) not receiving treatment and (b) the number of days to receiving treatment. Results: Contextual risk factors for not receiving treatment or having increased number of days to treatment were living ≥10 miles from the screening site and living in micropolitan, small towns, or rural areas. Older age was a protective factor and being female was a risk for both outcomes. Conclusions: Healthcare providers and facilities should be made aware of demographic and contextual characteristics that can impact treatment seeking behavior among individuals with STIs, especially among youth, females, and rural residents.
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21
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Kaczkowski W, Swartout KM. Exploring gender differences in sexual and reproductive health literacy among young people from refugee backgrounds. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2020; 22:369-384. [PMID: 31032722 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2019.1601772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Young refugees often have limited access to sexual health information and resources in their places of resettlement. However, there is currently little research examining differences in sexual health literacy between young refugee men and women. Consequently, this study employed qualitative research methods to better understand sexual health literacy, sources of information and perceived barriers to access across groups of refugee men and women between the ages of 18 and 24 years old. Three focus groups and 12 interviews were conducted with 25 refugee men and women living in the metropolitan Atlanta area. Both men and women appeared to have limited knowledge about sexual health. School was their primary source of information; women also talked with their parents, whereas men preferred to reach out to teachers, peers and online sources. For both groups, barriers to access included language difficulties and lack of money, insurance and transport. Men also stressed concerns about confidentiality, whereas women focused on shame and embarrassment when discussing sexual health. Overall, study findings emphasise the need for sexual health education as part of resettlement services. Moreover, programmes need to be independently designed for men and women to address gender differences in sexual health literacy and concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin M Swartout
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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22
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Men With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Sexual Function, Fertility, Medication Safety, and Prostate Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2020; 115:526-534. [PMID: 32022719 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Half of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are men, yet less attention has been focused on their sexual issues despite higher rates of sexual dysfunction and infertility than the general population. Depression and IBD disease activity are the most consistently reported risk factor for sexual dysfunction among men with IBD. Methotrexate and sulfasalazine have been rarely associated with impotence. Sulfasalazine reversibly reduces male fertility. No other medications used in IBD significantly affect fertility in humans. There is no increase in adverse fetal outcomes among offspring of fathers with IBD. Patients with IBD seem to be at a higher risk for prostate cancer; therefore, screening as recommended for high-risk patients should be considered.
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23
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Devarajan S, Sales JM, Hunt M, Comeau DL. PrEP and sexual well-being: a qualitative study on PrEP, sexuality of MSM, and patient-provider relationships. AIDS Care 2019; 32:386-393. [PMID: 31760759 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1695734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Most new diagnoses of HIV in the United States are among men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a medication that mitigates risk of HIV acquisition and requires regular STI testing and prescription refills with PrEP providers. Because PrEP care monitors sexual behavior, there is a need to understand how PrEP providers approach sexual health care for MSM patients. In this study, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 MSM in Atlanta, Georgia with current or past prescriptions for PrEP. Data were analyzed with thematic analysis using four major steps: (1) code and codebook development, (2) assigning codes to segments of interviews, (3) code-based and comparative analysis methods, and (4) developing thematic findings. Findings from interviews about changes in sexuality while using PrEP include decreased anxiety surrounding sex, increased feelings of control over personal health, and experiencing less stigma towards sexual partners with HIV. Participants indicated needs for tailored health advice based on individual sexual preferences, sexual health care free from stereotypical assumptions, and improved access to PrEP providers identifying as gay men or who practice in LGBT-friendly settings. Study findings support a call for a gain-frame approach to sexual health in PrEP care for MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica M Sales
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Machel Hunt
- Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Emory School of Medicine, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Dawn L Comeau
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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24
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Hurt CB, Carpenter DM, Evon DM, Hennessy CM, Rhea SK, Zule WA. Mitigating the Risk of Infectious Diseases Among Rural Drug Users in Western North Carolina: Results of the Southern Appalachia Test, Link, Care (SA-TLC) Health Care Provider Survey. J Rural Health 2019; 36:208-216. [PMID: 31742771 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize how health care providers in western North Carolina (NC) manage patients with substance use disorders and to inform strategies for preventing injection drug use (IDU)-associated outbreaks of bloodborne infectious diseases. METHODS We collected data on practice characteristics, provider sociodemographics, and attitudes and beliefs about hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), opioid use, and IDU via online survey. Providers in 8 counties of western NC were invited to participate by email. Results were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics. FINDINGS Of 84 respondents participating between 30 July and 3 December 2018, 81% were practicing clinicians and 46% served a county identified as being vulnerable to IDU-associated outbreaks of HCV or HIV. A substantial proportion was unsure about injecting behaviors among patients. Scores reflected comfort working with opioid users, though this varied by medical specialty. One-quarter of respondents "never" discussed harm reduction or HCV treatment with patients known to inject drugs; 22% "never" discussed HIV screening with injectors; and 1 in 3 referred at-risk patients out for HCV or HIV testing rather than ordering a test themselves. Scores indicated low levels of stigma toward persons living with HCV or HIV. Respondents identified HIV treatment, HCV treatment, and liver disease management as training needs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insights to inform health infrastructure improvement, with the goal of preventing HCV or HIV outbreaks in southern Appalachia. Rural health care workers are willing to receive additional training if it can improve care for patients affected by substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Hurt
- Institute for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Delesha M Carpenter
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Donna M Evon
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Sarah K Rhea
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - William A Zule
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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Lin CY, Potenza MN, Broström A, Blycker GR, Pakpour AH. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for sexuality (MBCT-S) improves sexual functioning and intimacy among older women with epilepsy: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Seizure 2019; 73:64-74. [PMID: 31759295 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Women with epilepsy (WWE) frequently experience sexual problems, including sexual dysfunction and sexual distress. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the efficacy of a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for sexuality (MBCT-S) on sexual function and intimacy among older adult WWE in Iran. METHODS A multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted at 15 neurology clinics in three Iranian cities. WWE together with their partners and healthcare providers were randomly assigned in patient and partner (PP; n = 220), patient, partner, and healthcare provider (PPHP; n = 220), or treatment as usual (TAU; n = 220) group. WWE and their partners in both the PP and PPHP groups received eight weeks of MBCT-S sessions. In the PPHP group, three individual sessions on sexual counseling were added for healthcare providers. Self-assessment scales were used at baseline, one month and six months after completing the intervention. Mixed linear regression models were developed to determine differences among the three groups. Multilevel mediation analyses were conducted to understand the mediating effects of mindfulness, intimacy, patient-physicians relationship and sexual counseling barriers. RESULTS Improvements in sexual function, sexual distress, and intimacy were found in both the PP and PPHP groups at one-month and six-month follow-ups. The PPHP group compared with the PP group had greater improvement in intimacy at both follow-ups. Regarding sexual function, the PPHP group performed better than the PP group at the six-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The MBCT-S appears efficacious in enhancing sexual function and reducing sex-related distress in Iranian older adult WWE. Future studies should examine its efficacy in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ying Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and the Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anders Broström
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Linköping University Hospital, S-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gretchen R Blycker
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA; Hälsosam Therapy, Jamestown, RI, USA
| | - Amir H Pakpour
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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de Voux A, Bernstein KT, Kirkcaldy RD, Zlotorzynska M, Sanchez T. Self-Reported Extragenital Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Testing in the Past 12 Months Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States-American Men's Internet Survey, 2017. Sex Transm Dis 2019; 46:563-570. [PMID: 31415039 PMCID: PMC6702959 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines recommend that sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM) be screened at least annually for bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) at sites of sexual contact regardless of condom use. Extragenital (rectal and pharyngeal) STI are common in MSM and associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus. We describe the prevalence of MSM who reported any STI test and an extragenital STI test in the past 12 months (p12m) in the United States. METHODS Data were obtained from the 2017 American Men's Internet Survey, an annual cross-sectional behavioral internet survey of MSM in the United States. We examined the prevalence of MSM who reported any STI test and an extragenital STI test in the p12m and compared the prevalence across demographic, clinical, and behavioral factors. RESULTS Of 10,049 sexually active MSM who participated in American Men's Internet Survey 2017, 42% reported any STI test in the p12m and 16% reported an extragenital (rectal or pharyngeal) STI test in the p12m. Among those who reported getting an extragenital STI test in the p12m, 19% reported providing a throat swab only, 14% reported providing a rectal swab only, and 68% reported providing both a rectal and throat swab for STI testing. CONCLUSIONS In a large sample of internet-using MSM in the United States, levels of STI screening were suboptimal, with fewer than half (42%) of MSM reporting any STI test and even fewer reporting an extragenital STI test in the p12m. Increased efforts are needed to ensure annual STI screening guidelines among MSM are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex de Voux
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Kyle T. Bernstein
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Robert D. Kirkcaldy
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Maria Zlotorzynska
- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Travis Sanchez
- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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27
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Fennell R, Grant B. Discussing sexuality in health care: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2019; 28:3065-3076. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reginald Fennell
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences Simmons University Boston Massachusetts
| | - Blair Grant
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences Simmons University Boston Massachusetts
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28
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Bunting SR, Saqueton R, Batteson TJ. A Guide for Designing Student-Led, Interprofessional Community Education Initiatives About HIV Risk and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis. MEDEDPORTAL : THE JOURNAL OF TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES 2019; 15:10818. [PMID: 31139737 PMCID: PMC6507924 DOI: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is room for innovation in medical education regarding HIV and modern biomedical preventive strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Previously described undergraduate medical curricular modules address care for HIV patients but do not include PrEP. A graduate medical curriculum concerning HIV has also been described but misses the opportunity for early introduction of HIV risk prevention, an element of primary preventive care. The guiding framework described here provides one mechanism to begin addressing this gap and fosters interprofessional collaboration among students through community engagement. METHODS We assembled a team of 11 first-year students (medical, physician assistant, podiatry, pharmacy, and health care psychology). The team collaborated to create a training module about HIV risk and PrEP access in Lake County, Illinois. A biopsychosocial perspective on HIV risk and PrEP was employed as the guiding framework. The student team presented the module to care teams at the Lake County Health Department and to the university campus through interactive workshops. RESULTS Participating students completed a self-reflection instrument. Responses were positive in terms of student enjoyment and attainment of new knowledge regarding HIV risk and PrEP. Students also self-reported competency in a selected group of Interprofessional Education Collaborative competencies. Narrative responses were analyzed for context. DISCUSSION Student responses suggest that this activity is effective in providing education about HIV risk and PrEP. The framework is novel in that it requires research and modification at each site of implementation. Furthermore, as an extracurricular element, its implementation is flexible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R. Bunting
- Second-Year Medical Student, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
- Corresponding author:
| | - Robert Saqueton
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
| | - Tamzin J. Batteson
- Research Specialist, DeWitt C. Baldwin Institute for Interprofessional Education, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
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Smith S, Platt JM, Clifford D, Preston M, Satterwhite C, Kelly PJ, Ramaswamy M. A State-Level Examination of School Nurses' Perceptions of Condom Availability Accompanied by Sex Education. J Sch Nurs 2019; 36:386-393. [PMID: 30669935 DOI: 10.1177/1059840518824728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
School nurses are often sources of health-care support for teens with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies. However, providing prevention (e.g., condoms) and teaching technical skills (e.g., condom use) needed to reduce high-risk sexual behavior may require a change in perceptions and policies. This study used a cross-sectional study design to assess nurses' perceptions of condom availability accompanied by sex education programs among high school nurses (n = 87) in Kansas. Results showed that school nurses in this study supported condom availability, were comfortable providing condoms, and felt condom availability was within the scope of their job but were less likely to provide condoms because of external barriers. Common barriers include administration, parents, cost, community support, and policies. School nurses, by virtue of their access to the majority of Kansas' adolescents, have the potential to provide sex education and tools such as condoms, so young people can prevent STIs and unintended pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharla Smith
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 8586University of Kansas, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Joey M Platt
- Montefiore Medical Center, 2006Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Clifford
- Public Health Performance Division, Sedgwick County Division of Health, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Michael Preston
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, 155638University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Catherine Satterwhite
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 12251University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Megha Ramaswamy
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 12251University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Friedman EE, Dean HD, Duffus WA. Incorporation of Social Determinants of Health in the Peer-Reviewed Literature: A Systematic Review of Articles Authored by the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention. Public Health Rep 2018; 133:392-412. [PMID: 29874147 DOI: 10.1177/0033354918774788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social determinants of health (SDHs) are the complex, structural, and societal factors that are responsible for most health inequities. Since 2003, the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) has researched how SDHs place communities at risk for communicable diseases and poor adolescent health. We described the frequency and types of SDHs discussed in articles authored by NCHHSTP. METHODS We used the MEDLINE/PubMed search engine to systematically review the frequency and type of SDHs that appeared in peer-reviewed publications available in PubMed from January 1, 2009, through December 31, 2014, with a NCHHSTP affiliation. We chose search terms to identify articles with a focus on the following SDH categories: income and employment, housing and homelessness, education and schooling, stigma or discrimination, social or community context, health and health care, and neighborhood or built environment. We classified articles based on the depth of topic coverage as "substantial" (ie, one of ≤3 foci of the article) or "minimal" (ie, one of ≥4 foci of the article). RESULTS Of 862 articles authored by NCHHSTP, 366 (42%) addressed the SDH factors of interest. Some articles addressed >1 SDH factor (366 articles appeared 568 times across the 7 categories examined), and we examined them for each category that they addressed. Most articles that addressed SDHs (449/568 articles; 79%) had a minimal SDH focus. SDH categories that were most represented in the literature were health and health care (190/568 articles; 33%) and education and schooling (118/568 articles; 21%). CONCLUSIONS This assessment serves as a baseline measurement of inclusion of SDH topics from NCHHSTP authors in the literature and creates a methodology that can be used in future assessments of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor E Friedman
- 1 Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health/CDC Public Health Fellowship Program, Atlanta, GA, USA.,2 Office of Health Equity, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.,3 Chicago Center for HIV Elimination and University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hazel D Dean
- 4 Office of the Director, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wayne A Duffus
- 2 Office of Health Equity, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Kristufkova A, Pinto Da Costa M, Mintziori G, Vásquez JL, Aabakke AJM, Fode M. Sexual Health During Postgraduate Training-European Survey Across Medical Specialties. Sex Med 2018; 6:255-262. [PMID: 29706561 PMCID: PMC6085219 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sexual health problems are common. Therefore, training in sexual health is relevant for the clinical practice of trainees and early-career specialists in several specialties who deal with patients with sexual health problems. However, little is known about how sexual health training is provided across countries and specialties. Aim To assess (i) sexual health training during postgraduate training programs in psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology, urology, and endocrinology across Europe; (ii) the confidence of trainees and early-career specialists in dealing with patients with sexual health problems; and (iii) their need for further training in sexual health during postgraduate training programs. Methods The study was based on a collaboration among European societies of trainees in these 4 specialties. An online survey was developed and conducted from January 2015 through June 2016. Main Outcome Measures Self-reported questionnaire. Results We collected 366 completed surveys from 40 countries. Sexual health training was considered an important or very important part of specialty training by 78.7% of participants. Overall, 62.3% of participants had not received any training in sexual health. Especially in obstetrics and gynecology, the large majority did not have training in sexual health (82.8%), followed by psychiatry (59.8%), urology (58.4%), and endocrinology (56.1%). There were statistically significant differences among specialties in the confidence of participants in managing patients with sexual health problems. In general, trainees and early-career specialists who had received sexual health training felt more confident in dealing with patients with gender dysphoria (P = .011), need for sexual therapy (P = .0004), paraphilic disorders (P = .0003), and sexual dysfunction (P = .0017). Conclusions Trainees and early-career specialists found sexual health training important for their future medical practice; however, less than half received it during their postgraduate training. Participants felt more confident in managing patients with sexual health problems when sexual health training was included in the postgraduate training program. Kristufkova A, Pinto Da Costa M, Mintziori G, et al. Sexual Health During Postgraduate Training—European Survey Across Medical Specialties. Sex Med 2018;6:255–262.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Kristufkova
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Mariana Pinto Da Costa
- Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gesthimani Mintziori
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Endocrinology, Ippokratio General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Juan Luis Vásquez
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Anna J M Aabakke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Fode
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
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Karimian Z, Azin SA, Javid N, Araban M, Maasoumi R, Aghayan S, Merghati Khoie E. Reaching consensus: a review on sexual health training modules for professional capacity building. Health Promot Perspect 2018; 8:1-14. [PMID: 29423357 PMCID: PMC5797303 DOI: 10.15171/hpp.2018.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Professional capacity building (PCB) is the focus point in health-related subjects.The present study was conducted to systematically review the existing sexual health training modules for health care providers. Methods: The following keywords were used to search: training, education, professional capacity, practitioner, sexual health, skill education, module, course, package and curriculum.The term MESH is referred to Medical Subject Headings and the following databases were investigated: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), The Cochrane Library and Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID,Magiran, and Iranmedex. All articles from 1980 to 2015 were extracted. Online modules were excluded. Considering that lesson plan was the basis of instruction, the modules were selected based on the characteristics of the lesson plans. Results: A total number of 38 published training modules in the field of sexuality we redetermined. In total, more than half of the modules (58%) were designed for medical doctor sand allied health professionals and the remaining (42%) were for nurses and midwives. Almost all the modules (97%) were introduced and utilized in developed countries, and only 3% were disseminated in developing countries. Conclusion: There are invaluable modules to build professional capacity in the field of sexual health. As a number of modules have been designed for nurses and midwifes, as the first-line health care providers, the use of these groups in sexual counseling and empowerment for sexual health is essential. No sexual health training program was designed in Iran. Therefore, designing such modules according to Iranian culture is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Karimian
- Student Research Committee, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Seied Ali Azin
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Javid
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marzieh Araban
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Maasoumi
- Department of Reproductive Health, Tehran university of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Aghayan
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Effat Merghati Khoie
- The Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Institution for Risk Behavior Reduction, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cappiello J, Coplon L, Carpenter H. Systematic Review of Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Content in Nursing Curricula. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2017; 46:e157-e167. [PMID: 28654768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2017.04.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether and to what extent pre-licensure nursing programs include sexual and reproductive health (SRH) content in their curricula. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases, including CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and CAB Direct were searched for relevant literature. We also reviewed the reference lists of all studies, nursing organization Web sites, and the personal files of the authors. STUDY SELECTION Inclusion criteria were studies focused on SRH content in pre-licensure nursing education, written in English, and published between January 1990 and November 2016. We identified 632 articles, and of these, 22 met the inclusion criteria. Duplicates were discarded, and 13 articles were reviewed (9 quantitative descriptive, 2 modified Delphi, 2 mixed methods). DATA EXTRACTION Data extraction and subsequent analysis were guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were extracted and organized under the following headings: author and year to establish a historical timeline, study purpose and design, sample size, data collection methods, main study findings, and limitations. DATA SYNTHESIS We found the following: (a) most studies focused on baccalaureate education; if associated degree programs were reviewed, findings were not reported separately; (b) definitions were not consistent, which affected the scope of study results; (c) the SRH topics taught were similar; (d) there is a recent interest in sexual orientation and gender identity curriculum; (e) barriers to including content were time constraints, competing demands with other curriculum priorities, and a need for creative curriculum tools. CONCLUSION Documentation of SRH content in pre-licensure nursing education is limited. Faculty should conduct ongoing evaluation of their curricular strategies and clinical experiences and publish results in the literature.
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Holden J, Goheen J, Jett-Goheen M, Barnes M, Hsieh YH, Gaydos CA. An evaluation of the SD Bioline HIV/syphilis duo test. Int J STD AIDS 2017; 29:57-62. [PMID: 28661234 PMCID: PMC5638711 DOI: 10.1177/0956462417717649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many health agencies now recommend routine HIV and syphilis testing for pregnant women and most-at-risk populations such as men who have sex with men. With the increased availability of highly sensitive, low cost rapid point-of-care tests, the ability to meet those recommendations has increased, granting wider access to quick and accurate diagnoses. Using blood specimens collected from a Baltimore City Health Department (BCHD) sexually transmitted infection clinic, we evaluated the SD Bioline HIV/Syphilis Duo, a rapid test that simultaneously detects antibodies to HIV and syphilis and has the potential to further benefit clinics and patients by reducing costs, testing complexity, and patient wait times. SD DUO HIV sensitivity and specificity, when compared to BCHD results, were 91.7 and 99.5%, respectively. SD DUO syphilis sensitivity and specificity, when compared to rapid plasma reagin, were 85.7 and 96.8%, respectively, and 69.7 and 99.7%, respectively, when compared to Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA). SD DUO syphilis sensitivity and specificity, when compared to a traditional screening algorithm, improved to 92.3 and 100%, respectively, and improved to 72.9 and 99.7%, respectively, when compared to a reverse screening algorithm. The HIV component of the SD DUO performed moderately well. However, results for the SD DUO syphilis component, when compared to TPPA, support the need for further testing and assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Holden
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, 1466 Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua Goheen
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, 1466 Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Jett-Goheen
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, 1466 Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mathilda Barnes
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, 1466 Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiang Hsieh
- 2 Department of Emergency Medicine, 1500 Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charlotte A Gaydos
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, 1466 Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD, USA.,2 Department of Emergency Medicine, 1500 Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD, USA
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Fray NA, Caldwell KL. Communication Between Middle SES Black Women and Healthcare Providers About HIV Testing. J Natl Med Assoc 2017; 109:115-125. [PMID: 28599753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article explores the impact of patient and healthcare provider communication (PPC) on the HIV testing behaviors of middle socioeconomic status (SES) Black women in North Carolina. We explore how PPC about STIs and HIV (or the lack thereof) affects the provision of STI/HIV testing by either confirming the need for middle SES Black women to test routinely or potentially deterring women from feeling they need to be tested. METHODS/FINDINGS After conducting 15 qualitative interviews with middle SES Black women between 25 and 45 years of age, we uncovered the role of patient self-advocacy in promoting HIV testing among middle SES Black women when they communicate with their healthcare providers. CONCLUSIONS We discuss the importance of healthcare providers engaging their middle SES Black female patients in routine discussions about sexual health and sexual risk reduction, regardless of providers' perceptions of their potential STI/HIV risk. We recommend including SES as a variable in data collection and research in order to better understand how social class, race, and gender affect sexual health behavior and the provision of STI and HIV/AIDS prevention to diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niasha A Fray
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Clinical Oncology Research Program, 101 East Weaver Street, CB# 7294, Carrboro, NC 27510, United States.
| | - Kia Lilly Caldwell
- Department of African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #3395, 208 Battle Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
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Schloegl I, Köhn FM, Dinkel A, Schulwitz H, Gschwend JE, Bosinski HAG, Herkommer K. Education in sexual medicine - a nationwide study among German urologists/andrologists and urology residents. Andrologia 2016; 49. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I. Schloegl
- Department of Urology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | | | - A. Dinkel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - H. Schulwitz
- Department of Urology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - J. E. Gschwend
- Department of Urology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | | | - K. Herkommer
- Department of Urology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
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Austin SB. Flipping the Classroom and the Pedagogy: Using Active Learning Principles to Bring Leadership Training in Affirmative Sexuality to Public Health Education. Public Health Rep 2016; 131:203-7. [PMID: 26843689 PMCID: PMC4716491 DOI: 10.1177/003335491613100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bryn Austin
- S. Bryn Austin is Professor of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Harvard Chan School and Director of Fellowship Research Training in the Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston
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Kaufman KR, Wong S, Sivaraaman K, Anim C, Delatte D. Epilepsy and AED-induced decreased libido - The unasked psychosocial comorbidity. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 52:236-8. [PMID: 26469800 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic treatment for persons with epilepsy (PWE) should address seizure control and the broad spectrum of associated comorbidities. Since both epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can induce decreased libido, sexual health assessment is an important aspect of quality care in PWE as well as other patients receiving AEDs. This paper presents findings from a pilot quality initiative conducted in the ambulatory care epilepsy, pain management, and psychiatric services (N=15 clinicians) which addressed two themes: 1) whether libido is routinely questioned with/without the electronic medical record (EMR) and 2) clinicians' knowledge that both epilepsy and AEDs can induce decreased libido. All clinicians used the EMR, 40% used the GU-ROS section, but only 1 clinician (6.67%) questioned patients regarding libido. Of the clinicians, 26.7% demonstrated knowledge that both AEDs and epilepsy can cause decreased libido. Our results suggest that a treatment gap for epilepsy-induced and AED-induced decreased libido may be related to systems issues (duration of clinical visit, billing codes, EMR template) and physician barriers including decreased knowledge. Further research in this field and replication of this pilot quality initiative are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Neurology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Stephen Wong
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kartik Sivaraaman
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Candy Anim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - David Delatte
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Abstract
Introduction Patients’ sexual health functioning is important for physicians in all fields of medicine to consider; however, this topic is lacking from almost half of U.S. medical school curricula. Aims This study aims to develop, implement, and assess the feasibility of a preliminary sexual health curriculum for medical students. Methods This Sexual Health Selective (SHS) was developed and implemented by a student and faculty champion for first year medical students. Its design incorporated a number of the guiding principles and recommendations from the 2012 Summit on Medical School Education in Sexual Health. Main Outcome Measures Feasibility was measured by limited-efficacy testing and participant acceptability of the SHS. Limited-efficacy testing was accomplished by conducting descriptive comparisons of responses to a sexual health attitudes and knowledge survey. These responses were compared between (i) participants vs. nonparticipants prior to the SHS, (ii) participants immediately after vs. participants prior to the SHS, (iii) participants 3 months after vs. participants prior to the SHS, and (iv) participants 3 months after vs. participants immediately after the SHS. Participant acceptability was assessed by asking qualitatively and quantitatively whether students enjoyed the SHS, found it beneficial to their learning, and would recommend it to their classmates. Results Immediately after the SHS and 3 months later, participants reported increased comfort and open-mindedness in their attitudes toward sexual health and demonstrated an increase in accurate knowledge about sexual health issues compared with baseline. Objective follow-up also revealed that most participants enjoyed the SHS, found it beneficial to their learning, and would recommend it to their classmates. Conclusions The 1-week SHS was successfully implemented through the teamwork of a medical student and faculty champion. It resulted in more accurate knowledge and more open attitudes toward sexual health among participating medical students. Potential benefits to undergraduate medical educators are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan Rullo
- Mayo Clinic Women's Health Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
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Helmer DA, Beaulieu G, Powers C, Houlette C, Latini D, Kauth M. Perspectives on Sexual Health and Function of Recent Male Combat Veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan. Sex Med 2015; 3:137-46. [PMID: 26468377 PMCID: PMC4599551 DOI: 10.1002/sm2.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background U.S. veterans of recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan may be at greater risk for sexual dysfunction due to injuries, mental health conditions, medications used to treat those conditions, and psychosocial factors. Objective To explore the perceptions of recent Veterans about sexual health and dysfunction, contributing factors, its impact and solutions. Design Qualitative study. Participants Eight men who screened positive for sexual dysfunction at initial presentation to a postdeployment clinic at a Veterans Affairs medical center Approach Patients who screened positive for sexual dysfunction and indicated an interest in participating were contacted and scheduled for an in-person private interview with a researcher. Interviews were semistructured, utilizing open-ended and follow-up probe questions to elicit the individual's perspective about sexual dysfunction and its cause, impact and solutions. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed for themes. Key Results These heterosexual men discussed a range of sexual dysfunction in their activities including lack of desire, erectile dysfunction, delayed orgasm, premature ejaculation, and distraction. They also discussed the importance of setting or context and changes over time to their sexual health and function. The men shared their ideas about contributory factors, including normal aging, medication side effects, injury and a possible role for combat deployment more generally. Reported solutions for sexual dysfunction included medications, herbal remedies, and new positions and approaches to sexual activity. Participants reported discussing sexual dysfunction with their health-care providers and what was helpful. Finally, the men expressed in their own words the significant impact of sexual dysfunction on their self-perception, their partners, and their relationships. Conclusions Sexual dysfunction in recent combat veterans can have important negative effects on their health and relationships. Our findings elucidate perceived contributory factors and preferred solutions, which can be applied by health-care providers to improve the management of sexual dysfunction in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew A Helmer
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA New Jersey Health Care System East Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Gregory Beaulieu
- Mental Health Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston, TX, USA ; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine Powers
- Integrative Medicine Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cheryl Houlette
- OEF/OIF/OND Program, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Latini
- Mental Health Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston, TX, USA ; Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Kauth
- Mental Health Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston, TX, USA ; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA ; Mental Illness Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA South Central Houston, TX, USA ; Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety, Houston VA HSR&D Houston, TX, USA
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Seaborne LA, Prince RJ, Kushner DM. Sexual health education in U.S. physician assistant programs. J Sex Med 2015; 12:1158-64. [PMID: 25856226 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the 1950s, sexual health education in medical schools has been evaluated and reported upon, but there has never been an assessment published about sexual health curricula in U.S. physician assistant (PA) programs. AIM The aim of this study was to gain better understanding of how PA programs cover sexual health topics. METHODS Between January and March 2014, 181 accredited PA programs received a mailed survey inquiring about their sexual health curriculum. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The survey assessed general sexual health topics; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) topics; teaching methods; and the amount of time spent on sexual health education. RESULTS A total of 106 programs responded (59%). Ten programs offered a required, discrete course on human sexuality. The majority incorporated training into other coursework, which is consistent with most medical schools. LGBT topics were covered less thoroughly than the general sexual health topics. Total amount of time spent on sexual health topics varied widely among programs, from a minimum of 2-4 hours to a maximum of 60 hours, with a median of 12 hours. CONCLUSIONS PA programs in the United States appear to compare favorably with the training offered to medical students in regard to time spent on sexual health education. Transgender issues were least well-covered of all the topics queried.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori A Seaborne
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics Breast Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ronald J Prince
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David M Kushner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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Abstract
PROBLEM Middle school and adolescent populations demonstrate high rates of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, with young people in inner cities in the United States especially vulnerable. Teen births remain high, and youth are affected physically, mentally, socially, and economically. METHODS The Sex After Marriage primary prevention program, a federally funded, community-based abstinence education (CBAE) initiative, was implemented for 3 years in Philadelphia neighborhoods with vulnerable youth 12 to 18 years of age, supporting adults, healthcare professionals, and the general public. The three-tiered program offered a middle school curriculum, Sex Can Wait, at 16 different sites. The CBAE program delivered by the university's nursing center attempted to support vulnerable youths' decisions to postpone sexual activity by matching the interests of young people through an established curriculum, by holding workshops for supporting adults, and by creating a multimedia approach to supplement abstinence education initiatives including public service announcements and a website. Youth and college ambassadors and community colleagues were trained in the curriculum with a focus on healthy lifestyles. Youth and parents in experimental and control groups completed self-report surveys before and after program implementation. FINDINGS The project achieved most of its objectives on program evaluation. Youth (n = 1,428) 12 to 18 years of age received services, with most completing ≥75% of the program. Parents (n = 338) and other participating adults (n = 486) also received education or services. CONCLUSIONS The need for risk reduction programs persists for youth in light of pregnancy, birth, and sexually transmitted disease statistics. Bailey Wolf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Nagle Bailey
- Nursing Programs, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, La Salle University, Philadelphia, PA
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Morris JL, Lippman SA, Philip S, Bernstein K, Neilands TB, Lightfoot M. Sexually transmitted infection related stigma and shame among African American male youth: implications for testing practices, partner notification, and treatment. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2014; 28:499-506. [PMID: 25133501 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2013.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A self-administered, street intercept survey was conducted in order to examine the relation of stigma and shame associated with sexually transmitted infections (STI) to STI testing practices, partner notification, and partner-delivered treatment among young African American men (n=108) in a low-income, urban community in San Francisco with high STI burden. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that increasing STI-related stigma was significantly associated with a decreased odds of STI testing, such that every standard deviation increase in stigma score was associated with 0.62 decreased odds of having been tested (aOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38-1.00), controlling for age. STI stigma was also significantly associated with a decreased willingness to notify non-main partners of an STI (aOR: 0.64 95% CI: 0.41-0.99). Participants with higher levels of stigma and shame were also significantly less likely to be willing to deliver STI medication to a partner (stigma aOR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.37-0.88; shame aOR 0.53 95% CI: 0.34-0.83). Findings suggest that STI-related stigma and shame, common in this population, could undermine STI testing, treatment, and partner notification programs. The medical establishment, one of the institutional factors to have reinforced this culture of stigma, must aid efforts to reduce its effects through providing integrated services, reframing sexual health in campaigns, educating clients, and providing wider options to aid disclosure and partner notification practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Morris
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Sheri A. Lippman
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Susan Philip
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, STD Prevention and Control Services, San Francisco, California
| | - Kyle Bernstein
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, STD Prevention and Control Services, San Francisco, California
| | - Torsten B. Neilands
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Marguerita Lightfoot
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
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45
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Penwell-Waines L, Wilson CK, Macapagal KR, Valvano AK, Waller JL, West LM, Stepleman LM. Student perspectives on sexual health: implications for interprofessional education. J Interprof Care 2014; 28:317-22. [PMID: 24547937 DOI: 10.3109/13561820.2014.884553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Interprofessional collaboration requires that health professionals think holistically about presenting concerns, particularly for multimodal problems like sexual dysfunction. However, health professions students appear to receive relatively little sexual health education, and generally none is offered on an interprofessional basis. To assess current degree of interprofessional thinking in sexual health care, 472 health professions students in Georgia, United States, were presented with a sexual dysfunction vignette and asked to rate the relevance of, and their familiarity with, interventions offered by several professionals. They also were asked to identify the most likely cause of the sexual dysfunction. Students rated relevance and familiarity with interventions as highest for physicians and lowest for dentists, with higher ratings of nurses by nursing students. More advanced students reported greater familiarity with mental health, physician, and physical therapy interventions. Finally, nursing students were less likely to attribute the dysfunction to a physical cause. These findings indicate that students may prioritize biomedical approaches in their initial assessment and may need additional supports to consider the spectrum of biopsychosocial factors contributing to sexual functioning. To encourage interprofessional critical thinking and prepare students for interprofessional care, sexual health curricula may be improved with the inclusion of interprofessional training. Specific recommendations for curriculum development are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Penwell-Waines
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Georgia Regents University Medical College of Georgia , Augusta, GA , USA
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46
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Douglas JM, Fenton KA. Understanding sexual health and its role in more effective prevention programs. Public Health Rep 2013; 128 Suppl 1:1-4. [PMID: 23450880 DOI: 10.1177/00333549131282s101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Coleman E, Elders J, Satcher D, Shindel A, Parish S, Kenagy G, Bayer CR, Knudson G, Kingsberg S, Clayton A, Lunn MR, Goldsmith E, Tsai P, Light A. Summit on Medical School Education in Sexual Health: Report of an Expert Consultation. J Sex Med 2013; 10:924-38. [DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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